xref: /openbmc/u-boot/README (revision dc146ca1)
1# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2#
3# (C) Copyright 2000 - 2013
4# Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
5
6Summary:
7========
8
9This directory contains the source code for U-Boot, a boot loader for
10Embedded boards based on PowerPC, ARM, MIPS and several other
11processors, which can be installed in a boot ROM and used to
12initialize and test the hardware or to download and run application
13code.
14
15The development of U-Boot is closely related to Linux: some parts of
16the source code originate in the Linux source tree, we have some
17header files in common, and special provision has been made to
18support booting of Linux images.
19
20Some attention has been paid to make this software easily
21configurable and extendable. For instance, all monitor commands are
22implemented with the same call interface, so that it's very easy to
23add new commands. Also, instead of permanently adding rarely used
24code (for instance hardware test utilities) to the monitor, you can
25load and run it dynamically.
26
27
28Status:
29=======
30
31In general, all boards for which a configuration option exists in the
32Makefile have been tested to some extent and can be considered
33"working". In fact, many of them are used in production systems.
34
35In case of problems see the CHANGELOG file to find out who contributed
36the specific port. In addition, there are various MAINTAINERS files
37scattered throughout the U-Boot source identifying the people or
38companies responsible for various boards and subsystems.
39
40Note: As of August, 2010, there is no longer a CHANGELOG file in the
41actual U-Boot source tree; however, it can be created dynamically
42from the Git log using:
43
44	make CHANGELOG
45
46
47Where to get help:
48==================
49
50In case you have questions about, problems with or contributions for
51U-Boot, you should send a message to the U-Boot mailing list at
52<u-boot@lists.denx.de>. There is also an archive of previous traffic
53on the mailing list - please search the archive before asking FAQ's.
54Please see http://lists.denx.de/pipermail/u-boot and
55http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.comp.boot-loaders.u-boot
56
57
58Where to get source code:
59=========================
60
61The U-Boot source code is maintained in the Git repository at
62git://www.denx.de/git/u-boot.git ; you can browse it online at
63http://www.denx.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=u-boot.git;a=summary
64
65The "snapshot" links on this page allow you to download tarballs of
66any version you might be interested in. Official releases are also
67available for FTP download from the ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/
68directory.
69
70Pre-built (and tested) images are available from
71ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/images/
72
73
74Where we come from:
75===================
76
77- start from 8xxrom sources
78- create PPCBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/ppcboot)
79- clean up code
80- make it easier to add custom boards
81- make it possible to add other [PowerPC] CPUs
82- extend functions, especially:
83  * Provide extended interface to Linux boot loader
84  * S-Record download
85  * network boot
86  * PCMCIA / CompactFlash / ATA disk / SCSI ... boot
87- create ARMBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/armboot)
88- add other CPU families (starting with ARM)
89- create U-Boot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot)
90- current project page: see http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot
91
92
93Names and Spelling:
94===================
95
96The "official" name of this project is "Das U-Boot". The spelling
97"U-Boot" shall be used in all written text (documentation, comments
98in source files etc.). Example:
99
100	This is the README file for the U-Boot project.
101
102File names etc. shall be based on the string "u-boot". Examples:
103
104	include/asm-ppc/u-boot.h
105
106	#include <asm/u-boot.h>
107
108Variable names, preprocessor constants etc. shall be either based on
109the string "u_boot" or on "U_BOOT". Example:
110
111	U_BOOT_VERSION		u_boot_logo
112	IH_OS_U_BOOT		u_boot_hush_start
113
114
115Versioning:
116===========
117
118Starting with the release in October 2008, the names of the releases
119were changed from numerical release numbers without deeper meaning
120into a time stamp based numbering. Regular releases are identified by
121names consisting of the calendar year and month of the release date.
122Additional fields (if present) indicate release candidates or bug fix
123releases in "stable" maintenance trees.
124
125Examples:
126	U-Boot v2009.11	    - Release November 2009
127	U-Boot v2009.11.1   - Release 1 in version November 2009 stable tree
128	U-Boot v2010.09-rc1 - Release candidate 1 for September 2010 release
129
130
131Directory Hierarchy:
132====================
133
134/arch			Architecture specific files
135  /arc			Files generic to ARC architecture
136  /arm			Files generic to ARM architecture
137  /m68k			Files generic to m68k architecture
138  /microblaze		Files generic to microblaze architecture
139  /mips			Files generic to MIPS architecture
140  /nds32		Files generic to NDS32 architecture
141  /nios2		Files generic to Altera NIOS2 architecture
142  /openrisc		Files generic to OpenRISC architecture
143  /powerpc		Files generic to PowerPC architecture
144  /riscv		Files generic to RISC-V architecture
145  /sandbox		Files generic to HW-independent "sandbox"
146  /sh			Files generic to SH architecture
147  /x86			Files generic to x86 architecture
148/api			Machine/arch independent API for external apps
149/board			Board dependent files
150/cmd			U-Boot commands functions
151/common			Misc architecture independent functions
152/configs		Board default configuration files
153/disk			Code for disk drive partition handling
154/doc			Documentation (don't expect too much)
155/drivers		Commonly used device drivers
156/dts			Contains Makefile for building internal U-Boot fdt.
157/examples		Example code for standalone applications, etc.
158/fs			Filesystem code (cramfs, ext2, jffs2, etc.)
159/include		Header Files
160/lib			Library routines generic to all architectures
161/Licenses		Various license files
162/net			Networking code
163/post			Power On Self Test
164/scripts		Various build scripts and Makefiles
165/test			Various unit test files
166/tools			Tools to build S-Record or U-Boot images, etc.
167
168Software Configuration:
169=======================
170
171Configuration is usually done using C preprocessor defines; the
172rationale behind that is to avoid dead code whenever possible.
173
174There are two classes of configuration variables:
175
176* Configuration _OPTIONS_:
177  These are selectable by the user and have names beginning with
178  "CONFIG_".
179
180* Configuration _SETTINGS_:
181  These depend on the hardware etc. and should not be meddled with if
182  you don't know what you're doing; they have names beginning with
183  "CONFIG_SYS_".
184
185Previously, all configuration was done by hand, which involved creating
186symbolic links and editing configuration files manually. More recently,
187U-Boot has added the Kbuild infrastructure used by the Linux kernel,
188allowing you to use the "make menuconfig" command to configure your
189build.
190
191
192Selection of Processor Architecture and Board Type:
193---------------------------------------------------
194
195For all supported boards there are ready-to-use default
196configurations available; just type "make <board_name>_defconfig".
197
198Example: For a TQM823L module type:
199
200	cd u-boot
201	make TQM823L_defconfig
202
203Note: If you're looking for the default configuration file for a board
204you're sure used to be there but is now missing, check the file
205doc/README.scrapyard for a list of no longer supported boards.
206
207Sandbox Environment:
208--------------------
209
210U-Boot can be built natively to run on a Linux host using the 'sandbox'
211board. This allows feature development which is not board- or architecture-
212specific to be undertaken on a native platform. The sandbox is also used to
213run some of U-Boot's tests.
214
215See board/sandbox/README.sandbox for more details.
216
217
218Board Initialisation Flow:
219--------------------------
220
221This is the intended start-up flow for boards. This should apply for both
222SPL and U-Boot proper (i.e. they both follow the same rules).
223
224Note: "SPL" stands for "Secondary Program Loader," which is explained in
225more detail later in this file.
226
227At present, SPL mostly uses a separate code path, but the function names
228and roles of each function are the same. Some boards or architectures
229may not conform to this.  At least most ARM boards which use
230CONFIG_SPL_FRAMEWORK conform to this.
231
232Execution typically starts with an architecture-specific (and possibly
233CPU-specific) start.S file, such as:
234
235	- arch/arm/cpu/armv7/start.S
236	- arch/powerpc/cpu/mpc83xx/start.S
237	- arch/mips/cpu/start.S
238
239and so on. From there, three functions are called; the purpose and
240limitations of each of these functions are described below.
241
242lowlevel_init():
243	- purpose: essential init to permit execution to reach board_init_f()
244	- no global_data or BSS
245	- there is no stack (ARMv7 may have one but it will soon be removed)
246	- must not set up SDRAM or use console
247	- must only do the bare minimum to allow execution to continue to
248		board_init_f()
249	- this is almost never needed
250	- return normally from this function
251
252board_init_f():
253	- purpose: set up the machine ready for running board_init_r():
254		i.e. SDRAM and serial UART
255	- global_data is available
256	- stack is in SRAM
257	- BSS is not available, so you cannot use global/static variables,
258		only stack variables and global_data
259
260	Non-SPL-specific notes:
261	- dram_init() is called to set up DRAM. If already done in SPL this
262		can do nothing
263
264	SPL-specific notes:
265	- you can override the entire board_init_f() function with your own
266		version as needed.
267	- preloader_console_init() can be called here in extremis
268	- should set up SDRAM, and anything needed to make the UART work
269	- these is no need to clear BSS, it will be done by crt0.S
270	- must return normally from this function (don't call board_init_r()
271		directly)
272
273Here the BSS is cleared. For SPL, if CONFIG_SPL_STACK_R is defined, then at
274this point the stack and global_data are relocated to below
275CONFIG_SPL_STACK_R_ADDR. For non-SPL, U-Boot is relocated to run at the top of
276memory.
277
278board_init_r():
279	- purpose: main execution, common code
280	- global_data is available
281	- SDRAM is available
282	- BSS is available, all static/global variables can be used
283	- execution eventually continues to main_loop()
284
285	Non-SPL-specific notes:
286	- U-Boot is relocated to the top of memory and is now running from
287		there.
288
289	SPL-specific notes:
290	- stack is optionally in SDRAM, if CONFIG_SPL_STACK_R is defined and
291		CONFIG_SPL_STACK_R_ADDR points into SDRAM
292	- preloader_console_init() can be called here - typically this is
293		done by selecting CONFIG_SPL_BOARD_INIT and then supplying a
294		spl_board_init() function containing this call
295	- loads U-Boot or (in falcon mode) Linux
296
297
298
299Configuration Options:
300----------------------
301
302Configuration depends on the combination of board and CPU type; all
303such information is kept in a configuration file
304"include/configs/<board_name>.h".
305
306Example: For a TQM823L module, all configuration settings are in
307"include/configs/TQM823L.h".
308
309
310Many of the options are named exactly as the corresponding Linux
311kernel configuration options. The intention is to make it easier to
312build a config tool - later.
313
314- ARM Platform Bus Type(CCI):
315		CoreLink Cache Coherent Interconnect (CCI) is ARM BUS which
316		provides full cache coherency between two clusters of multi-core
317		CPUs and I/O coherency for devices and I/O masters
318
319		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_HAS_CCI400
320
321		Defined For SoC that has cache coherent interconnect
322		CCN-400
323
324		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_HAS_CCN504
325
326		Defined for SoC that has cache coherent interconnect CCN-504
327
328The following options need to be configured:
329
330- CPU Type:	Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC85XX.
331
332- Board Type:	Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC8540ADS.
333
334- 85xx CPU Options:
335		CONFIG_SYS_PPC64
336
337		Specifies that the core is a 64-bit PowerPC implementation (implements
338		the "64" category of the Power ISA). This is necessary for ePAPR
339		compliance, among other possible reasons.
340
341		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_TBCLK_DIV
342
343		Defines the core time base clock divider ratio compared to the
344		system clock.  On most PQ3 devices this is 8, on newer QorIQ
345		devices it can be 16 or 32.  The ratio varies from SoC to Soc.
346
347		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_PCIE_COMPAT
348
349		Defines the string to utilize when trying to match PCIe device
350		tree nodes for the given platform.
351
352		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_ERRATUM_A004510
353
354		Enables a workaround for erratum A004510.  If set,
355		then CONFIG_SYS_FSL_ERRATUM_A004510_SVR_REV and
356		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_CORENET_SNOOPVEC_COREONLY must be set.
357
358		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_ERRATUM_A004510_SVR_REV
359		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_ERRATUM_A004510_SVR_REV2 (optional)
360
361		Defines one or two SoC revisions (low 8 bits of SVR)
362		for which the A004510 workaround should be applied.
363
364		The rest of SVR is either not relevant to the decision
365		of whether the erratum is present (e.g. p2040 versus
366		p2041) or is implied by the build target, which controls
367		whether CONFIG_SYS_FSL_ERRATUM_A004510 is set.
368
369		See Freescale App Note 4493 for more information about
370		this erratum.
371
372		CONFIG_A003399_NOR_WORKAROUND
373		Enables a workaround for IFC erratum A003399. It is only
374		required during NOR boot.
375
376		CONFIG_A008044_WORKAROUND
377		Enables a workaround for T1040/T1042 erratum A008044. It is only
378		required during NAND boot and valid for Rev 1.0 SoC revision
379
380		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_CORENET_SNOOPVEC_COREONLY
381
382		This is the value to write into CCSR offset 0x18600
383		according to the A004510 workaround.
384
385		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DSP_DDR_ADDR
386		This value denotes start offset of DDR memory which is
387		connected exclusively to the DSP cores.
388
389		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DSP_M2_RAM_ADDR
390		This value denotes start offset of M2 memory
391		which is directly connected to the DSP core.
392
393		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DSP_M3_RAM_ADDR
394		This value denotes start offset of M3 memory which is directly
395		connected to the DSP core.
396
397		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DSP_CCSRBAR_DEFAULT
398		This value denotes start offset of DSP CCSR space.
399
400		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_SINGLE_SOURCE_CLK
401		Single Source Clock is clocking mode present in some of FSL SoC's.
402		In this mode, a single differential clock is used to supply
403		clocks to the sysclock, ddrclock and usbclock.
404
405		CONFIG_SYS_CPC_REINIT_F
406		This CONFIG is defined when the CPC is configured as SRAM at the
407		time of U-Boot entry and is required to be re-initialized.
408
409		CONFIG_DEEP_SLEEP
410		Indicates this SoC supports deep sleep feature. If deep sleep is
411		supported, core will start to execute uboot when wakes up.
412
413- Generic CPU options:
414		CONFIG_SYS_BIG_ENDIAN, CONFIG_SYS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
415
416		Defines the endianess of the CPU. Implementation of those
417		values is arch specific.
418
419		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR
420		Freescale DDR driver in use. This type of DDR controller is
421		found in mpc83xx, mpc85xx, mpc86xx as well as some ARM core
422		SoCs.
423
424		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_ADDR
425		Freescale DDR memory-mapped register base.
426
427		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_EMU
428		Specify emulator support for DDR. Some DDR features such as
429		deskew training are not available.
430
431		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDRC_GEN1
432		Freescale DDR1 controller.
433
434		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDRC_GEN2
435		Freescale DDR2 controller.
436
437		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDRC_GEN3
438		Freescale DDR3 controller.
439
440		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDRC_GEN4
441		Freescale DDR4 controller.
442
443		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDRC_ARM_GEN3
444		Freescale DDR3 controller for ARM-based SoCs.
445
446		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR1
447		Board config to use DDR1. It can be enabled for SoCs with
448		Freescale DDR1 or DDR2 controllers, depending on the board
449		implemetation.
450
451		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR2
452		Board config to use DDR2. It can be enabled for SoCs with
453		Freescale DDR2 or DDR3 controllers, depending on the board
454		implementation.
455
456		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR3
457		Board config to use DDR3. It can be enabled for SoCs with
458		Freescale DDR3 or DDR3L controllers.
459
460		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR3L
461		Board config to use DDR3L. It can be enabled for SoCs with
462		DDR3L controllers.
463
464		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR4
465		Board config to use DDR4. It can be enabled for SoCs with
466		DDR4 controllers.
467
468		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_IFC_BE
469		Defines the IFC controller register space as Big Endian
470
471		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_IFC_LE
472		Defines the IFC controller register space as Little Endian
473
474		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_IFC_CLK_DIV
475		Defines divider of platform clock(clock input to IFC controller).
476
477		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_LBC_CLK_DIV
478		Defines divider of platform clock(clock input to eLBC controller).
479
480		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_PBL_PBI
481		It enables addition of RCW (Power on reset configuration) in built image.
482		Please refer doc/README.pblimage for more details
483
484		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_PBL_RCW
485		It adds PBI(pre-boot instructions) commands in u-boot build image.
486		PBI commands can be used to configure SoC before it starts the execution.
487		Please refer doc/README.pblimage for more details
488
489		CONFIG_SPL_FSL_PBL
490		It adds a target to create boot binary having SPL binary in PBI format
491		concatenated with u-boot binary.
492
493		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_BE
494		Defines the DDR controller register space as Big Endian
495
496		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_LE
497		Defines the DDR controller register space as Little Endian
498
499		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_SDRAM_BASE_PHY
500		Physical address from the view of DDR controllers. It is the
501		same as CONFIG_SYS_DDR_SDRAM_BASE for  all Power SoCs. But
502		it could be different for ARM SoCs.
503
504		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_INTLV_256B
505		DDR controller interleaving on 256-byte. This is a special
506		interleaving mode, handled by Dickens for Freescale layerscape
507		SoCs with ARM core.
508
509		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_MAIN_NUM_CTRLS
510		Number of controllers used as main memory.
511
512		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_OTHER_DDR_NUM_CTRLS
513		Number of controllers used for other than main memory.
514
515		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_HAS_DP_DDR
516		Defines the SoC has DP-DDR used for DPAA.
517
518		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_SEC_BE
519		Defines the SEC controller register space as Big Endian
520
521		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_SEC_LE
522		Defines the SEC controller register space as Little Endian
523
524- MIPS CPU options:
525		CONFIG_SYS_INIT_SP_OFFSET
526
527		Offset relative to CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE for initial stack
528		pointer. This is needed for the temporary stack before
529		relocation.
530
531		CONFIG_XWAY_SWAP_BYTES
532
533		Enable compilation of tools/xway-swap-bytes needed for Lantiq
534		XWAY SoCs for booting from NOR flash. The U-Boot image needs to
535		be swapped if a flash programmer is used.
536
537- ARM options:
538		CONFIG_SYS_EXCEPTION_VECTORS_HIGH
539
540		Select high exception vectors of the ARM core, e.g., do not
541		clear the V bit of the c1 register of CP15.
542
543		COUNTER_FREQUENCY
544		Generic timer clock source frequency.
545
546		COUNTER_FREQUENCY_REAL
547		Generic timer clock source frequency if the real clock is
548		different from COUNTER_FREQUENCY, and can only be determined
549		at run time.
550
551- Tegra SoC options:
552		CONFIG_TEGRA_SUPPORT_NON_SECURE
553
554		Support executing U-Boot in non-secure (NS) mode. Certain
555		impossible actions will be skipped if the CPU is in NS mode,
556		such as ARM architectural timer initialization.
557
558- Linux Kernel Interface:
559		CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ
560
561		U-Boot stores all clock information in Hz
562		internally. For binary compatibility with older Linux
563		kernels (which expect the clocks passed in the
564		bd_info data to be in MHz) the environment variable
565		"clocks_in_mhz" can be defined so that U-Boot
566		converts clock data to MHZ before passing it to the
567		Linux kernel.
568		When CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ is defined, a definition of
569		"clocks_in_mhz=1" is automatically included in the
570		default environment.
571
572		CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES		[relevant for MIPS only]
573
574		When transferring memsize parameter to Linux, some versions
575		expect it to be in bytes, others in MB.
576		Define CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES to make it in bytes.
577
578		CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
579
580		New kernel versions are expecting firmware settings to be
581		passed using flattened device trees (based on open firmware
582		concepts).
583
584		CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
585		 * New libfdt-based support
586		 * Adds the "fdt" command
587		 * The bootm command automatically updates the fdt
588
589		OF_TBCLK - The timebase frequency.
590		OF_STDOUT_PATH - The path to the console device
591
592		boards with QUICC Engines require OF_QE to set UCC MAC
593		addresses
594
595		CONFIG_OF_BOARD_SETUP
596
597		Board code has addition modification that it wants to make
598		to the flat device tree before handing it off to the kernel
599
600		CONFIG_OF_SYSTEM_SETUP
601
602		Other code has addition modification that it wants to make
603		to the flat device tree before handing it off to the kernel.
604		This causes ft_system_setup() to be called before booting
605		the kernel.
606
607		CONFIG_OF_IDE_FIXUP
608
609		U-Boot can detect if an IDE device is present or not.
610		If not, and this new config option is activated, U-Boot
611		removes the ATA node from the DTS before booting Linux,
612		so the Linux IDE driver does not probe the device and
613		crash. This is needed for buggy hardware (uc101) where
614		no pull down resistor is connected to the signal IDE5V_DD7.
615
616		CONFIG_MACH_TYPE	[relevant for ARM only][mandatory]
617
618		This setting is mandatory for all boards that have only one
619		machine type and must be used to specify the machine type
620		number as it appears in the ARM machine registry
621		(see http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/machines/).
622		Only boards that have multiple machine types supported
623		in a single configuration file and the machine type is
624		runtime discoverable, do not have to use this setting.
625
626- vxWorks boot parameters:
627
628		bootvx constructs a valid bootline using the following
629		environments variables: bootdev, bootfile, ipaddr, netmask,
630		serverip, gatewayip, hostname, othbootargs.
631		It loads the vxWorks image pointed bootfile.
632
633		Note: If a "bootargs" environment is defined, it will overwride
634		the defaults discussed just above.
635
636- Cache Configuration:
637		CONFIG_SYS_ICACHE_OFF - Do not enable instruction cache in U-Boot
638		CONFIG_SYS_DCACHE_OFF - Do not enable data cache in U-Boot
639		CONFIG_SYS_L2CACHE_OFF- Do not enable L2 cache in U-Boot
640
641- Cache Configuration for ARM:
642		CONFIG_SYS_L2_PL310 - Enable support for ARM PL310 L2 cache
643				      controller
644		CONFIG_SYS_PL310_BASE - Physical base address of PL310
645					controller register space
646
647- Serial Ports:
648		CONFIG_PL010_SERIAL
649
650		Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL010 UARTs.
651
652		CONFIG_PL011_SERIAL
653
654		Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs.
655
656		CONFIG_PL011_CLOCK
657
658		If you have Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs, set this variable to
659		the clock speed of the UARTs.
660
661		CONFIG_PL01x_PORTS
662
663		If you have Amba PrimeCell PL010 or PL011 UARTs on your board,
664		define this to a list of base addresses for each (supported)
665		port. See e.g. include/configs/versatile.h
666
667		CONFIG_SERIAL_HW_FLOW_CONTROL
668
669		Define this variable to enable hw flow control in serial driver.
670		Current user of this option is drivers/serial/nsl16550.c driver
671
672- Console Baudrate:
673		CONFIG_BAUDRATE - in bps
674		Select one of the baudrates listed in
675		CONFIG_SYS_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
676
677- Autoboot Command:
678		CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
679		Only needed when CONFIG_BOOTDELAY is enabled;
680		define a command string that is automatically executed
681		when no character is read on the console interface
682		within "Boot Delay" after reset.
683
684		CONFIG_RAMBOOT and CONFIG_NFSBOOT
685		The value of these goes into the environment as
686		"ramboot" and "nfsboot" respectively, and can be used
687		as a convenience, when switching between booting from
688		RAM and NFS.
689
690- Pre-Boot Commands:
691		CONFIG_PREBOOT
692
693		When this option is #defined, the existence of the
694		environment variable "preboot" will be checked
695		immediately before starting the CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
696		countdown and/or running the auto-boot command resp.
697		entering interactive mode.
698
699		This feature is especially useful when "preboot" is
700		automatically generated or modified. For an example
701		see the LWMON board specific code: here "preboot" is
702		modified when the user holds down a certain
703		combination of keys on the (special) keyboard when
704		booting the systems
705
706- Serial Download Echo Mode:
707		CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
708		If defined to 1, all characters received during a
709		serial download (using the "loads" command) are
710		echoed back. This might be needed by some terminal
711		emulations (like "cu"), but may as well just take
712		time on others. This setting #define's the initial
713		value of the "loads_echo" environment variable.
714
715- Kgdb Serial Baudrate: (if CONFIG_CMD_KGDB is defined)
716		CONFIG_KGDB_BAUDRATE
717		Select one of the baudrates listed in
718		CONFIG_SYS_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
719
720- Removal of commands
721		If no commands are needed to boot, you can disable
722		CONFIG_CMDLINE to remove them. In this case, the command line
723		will not be available, and when U-Boot wants to execute the
724		boot command (on start-up) it will call board_run_command()
725		instead. This can reduce image size significantly for very
726		simple boot procedures.
727
728- Regular expression support:
729		CONFIG_REGEX
730		If this variable is defined, U-Boot is linked against
731		the SLRE (Super Light Regular Expression) library,
732		which adds regex support to some commands, as for
733		example "env grep" and "setexpr".
734
735- Device tree:
736		CONFIG_OF_CONTROL
737		If this variable is defined, U-Boot will use a device tree
738		to configure its devices, instead of relying on statically
739		compiled #defines in the board file. This option is
740		experimental and only available on a few boards. The device
741		tree is available in the global data as gd->fdt_blob.
742
743		U-Boot needs to get its device tree from somewhere. This can
744		be done using one of the three options below:
745
746		CONFIG_OF_EMBED
747		If this variable is defined, U-Boot will embed a device tree
748		binary in its image. This device tree file should be in the
749		board directory and called <soc>-<board>.dts. The binary file
750		is then picked up in board_init_f() and made available through
751		the global data structure as gd->fdt_blob.
752
753		CONFIG_OF_SEPARATE
754		If this variable is defined, U-Boot will build a device tree
755		binary. It will be called u-boot.dtb. Architecture-specific
756		code will locate it at run-time. Generally this works by:
757
758			cat u-boot.bin u-boot.dtb >image.bin
759
760		and in fact, U-Boot does this for you, creating a file called
761		u-boot-dtb.bin which is useful in the common case. You can
762		still use the individual files if you need something more
763		exotic.
764
765		CONFIG_OF_BOARD
766		If this variable is defined, U-Boot will use the device tree
767		provided by the board at runtime instead of embedding one with
768		the image. Only boards defining board_fdt_blob_setup() support
769		this option (see include/fdtdec.h file).
770
771- Watchdog:
772		CONFIG_WATCHDOG
773		If this variable is defined, it enables watchdog
774		support for the SoC. There must be support in the SoC
775		specific code for a watchdog. For the 8xx
776		CPUs, the SIU Watchdog feature is enabled in the SYPCR
777		register.  When supported for a specific SoC is
778		available, then no further board specific code should
779		be needed to use it.
780
781		CONFIG_HW_WATCHDOG
782		When using a watchdog circuitry external to the used
783		SoC, then define this variable and provide board
784		specific code for the "hw_watchdog_reset" function.
785
786		CONFIG_AT91_HW_WDT_TIMEOUT
787		specify the timeout in seconds. default 2 seconds.
788
789- Real-Time Clock:
790
791		When CONFIG_CMD_DATE is selected, the type of the RTC
792		has to be selected, too. Define exactly one of the
793		following options:
794
795		CONFIG_RTC_PCF8563	- use Philips PCF8563 RTC
796		CONFIG_RTC_MC13XXX	- use MC13783 or MC13892 RTC
797		CONFIG_RTC_MC146818	- use MC146818 RTC
798		CONFIG_RTC_DS1307	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1307 RTC
799		CONFIG_RTC_DS1337	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1337 RTC
800		CONFIG_RTC_DS1338	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1338 RTC
801		CONFIG_RTC_DS1339	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1339 RTC
802		CONFIG_RTC_DS164x	- use Dallas DS164x RTC
803		CONFIG_RTC_ISL1208	- use Intersil ISL1208 RTC
804		CONFIG_RTC_MAX6900	- use Maxim, Inc. MAX6900 RTC
805		CONFIG_RTC_DS1337_NOOSC	- Turn off the OSC output for DS1337
806		CONFIG_SYS_RV3029_TCR	- enable trickle charger on
807					  RV3029 RTC.
808
809		Note that if the RTC uses I2C, then the I2C interface
810		must also be configured. See I2C Support, below.
811
812- GPIO Support:
813		CONFIG_PCA953X		- use NXP's PCA953X series I2C GPIO
814
815		The CONFIG_SYS_I2C_PCA953X_WIDTH option specifies a list of
816		chip-ngpio pairs that tell the PCA953X driver the number of
817		pins supported by a particular chip.
818
819		Note that if the GPIO device uses I2C, then the I2C interface
820		must also be configured. See I2C Support, below.
821
822- I/O tracing:
823		When CONFIG_IO_TRACE is selected, U-Boot intercepts all I/O
824		accesses and can checksum them or write a list of them out
825		to memory. See the 'iotrace' command for details. This is
826		useful for testing device drivers since it can confirm that
827		the driver behaves the same way before and after a code
828		change. Currently this is supported on sandbox and arm. To
829		add support for your architecture, add '#include <iotrace.h>'
830		to the bottom of arch/<arch>/include/asm/io.h and test.
831
832		Example output from the 'iotrace stats' command is below.
833		Note that if the trace buffer is exhausted, the checksum will
834		still continue to operate.
835
836			iotrace is enabled
837			Start:  10000000	(buffer start address)
838			Size:   00010000	(buffer size)
839			Offset: 00000120	(current buffer offset)
840			Output: 10000120	(start + offset)
841			Count:  00000018	(number of trace records)
842			CRC32:  9526fb66	(CRC32 of all trace records)
843
844- Timestamp Support:
845
846		When CONFIG_TIMESTAMP is selected, the timestamp
847		(date and time) of an image is printed by image
848		commands like bootm or iminfo. This option is
849		automatically enabled when you select CONFIG_CMD_DATE .
850
851- Partition Labels (disklabels) Supported:
852		Zero or more of the following:
853		CONFIG_MAC_PARTITION   Apple's MacOS partition table.
854		CONFIG_ISO_PARTITION   ISO partition table, used on CDROM etc.
855		CONFIG_EFI_PARTITION   GPT partition table, common when EFI is the
856				       bootloader.  Note 2TB partition limit; see
857				       disk/part_efi.c
858		CONFIG_SCSI) you must configure support for at
859		least one non-MTD partition type as well.
860
861- IDE Reset method:
862		CONFIG_IDE_RESET_ROUTINE - this is defined in several
863		board configurations files but used nowhere!
864
865		CONFIG_IDE_RESET - is this is defined, IDE Reset will
866		be performed by calling the function
867			ide_set_reset(int reset)
868		which has to be defined in a board specific file
869
870- ATAPI Support:
871		CONFIG_ATAPI
872
873		Set this to enable ATAPI support.
874
875- LBA48 Support
876		CONFIG_LBA48
877
878		Set this to enable support for disks larger than 137GB
879		Also look at CONFIG_SYS_64BIT_LBA.
880		Whithout these , LBA48 support uses 32bit variables and will 'only'
881		support disks up to 2.1TB.
882
883		CONFIG_SYS_64BIT_LBA:
884			When enabled, makes the IDE subsystem use 64bit sector addresses.
885			Default is 32bit.
886
887- SCSI Support:
888		CONFIG_SYS_SCSI_MAX_LUN [8], CONFIG_SYS_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID [7] and
889		CONFIG_SYS_SCSI_MAX_DEVICE [CONFIG_SYS_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID *
890		CONFIG_SYS_SCSI_MAX_LUN] can be adjusted to define the
891		maximum numbers of LUNs, SCSI ID's and target
892		devices.
893
894		The environment variable 'scsidevs' is set to the number of
895		SCSI devices found during the last scan.
896
897- NETWORK Support (PCI):
898		CONFIG_E1000
899		Support for Intel 8254x/8257x gigabit chips.
900
901		CONFIG_E1000_SPI
902		Utility code for direct access to the SPI bus on Intel 8257x.
903		This does not do anything useful unless you set at least one
904		of CONFIG_CMD_E1000 or CONFIG_E1000_SPI_GENERIC.
905
906		CONFIG_E1000_SPI_GENERIC
907		Allow generic access to the SPI bus on the Intel 8257x, for
908		example with the "sspi" command.
909
910		CONFIG_EEPRO100
911		Support for Intel 82557/82559/82559ER chips.
912		Optional CONFIG_EEPRO100_SROM_WRITE enables EEPROM
913		write routine for first time initialisation.
914
915		CONFIG_TULIP
916		Support for Digital 2114x chips.
917		Optional CONFIG_TULIP_SELECT_MEDIA for board specific
918		modem chip initialisation (KS8761/QS6611).
919
920		CONFIG_NATSEMI
921		Support for National dp83815 chips.
922
923		CONFIG_NS8382X
924		Support for National dp8382[01] gigabit chips.
925
926- NETWORK Support (other):
927
928		CONFIG_DRIVER_AT91EMAC
929		Support for AT91RM9200 EMAC.
930
931			CONFIG_RMII
932			Define this to use reduced MII inteface
933
934			CONFIG_DRIVER_AT91EMAC_QUIET
935			If this defined, the driver is quiet.
936			The driver doen't show link status messages.
937
938		CONFIG_CALXEDA_XGMAC
939		Support for the Calxeda XGMAC device
940
941		CONFIG_LAN91C96
942		Support for SMSC's LAN91C96 chips.
943
944			CONFIG_LAN91C96_USE_32_BIT
945			Define this to enable 32 bit addressing
946
947		CONFIG_SMC91111
948		Support for SMSC's LAN91C111 chip
949
950			CONFIG_SMC91111_BASE
951			Define this to hold the physical address
952			of the device (I/O space)
953
954			CONFIG_SMC_USE_32_BIT
955			Define this if data bus is 32 bits
956
957			CONFIG_SMC_USE_IOFUNCS
958			Define this to use i/o functions instead of macros
959			(some hardware wont work with macros)
960
961			CONFIG_SYS_DAVINCI_EMAC_PHY_COUNT
962			Define this if you have more then 3 PHYs.
963
964		CONFIG_FTGMAC100
965		Support for Faraday's FTGMAC100 Gigabit SoC Ethernet
966
967			CONFIG_FTGMAC100_EGIGA
968			Define this to use GE link update with gigabit PHY.
969			Define this if FTGMAC100 is connected to gigabit PHY.
970			If your system has 10/100 PHY only, it might not occur
971			wrong behavior. Because PHY usually return timeout or
972			useless data when polling gigabit status and gigabit
973			control registers. This behavior won't affect the
974			correctnessof 10/100 link speed update.
975
976		CONFIG_SH_ETHER
977		Support for Renesas on-chip Ethernet controller
978
979			CONFIG_SH_ETHER_USE_PORT
980			Define the number of ports to be used
981
982			CONFIG_SH_ETHER_PHY_ADDR
983			Define the ETH PHY's address
984
985			CONFIG_SH_ETHER_CACHE_WRITEBACK
986			If this option is set, the driver enables cache flush.
987
988- PWM Support:
989		CONFIG_PWM_IMX
990		Support for PWM module on the imx6.
991
992- TPM Support:
993		CONFIG_TPM
994		Support TPM devices.
995
996		CONFIG_TPM_TIS_INFINEON
997		Support for Infineon i2c bus TPM devices. Only one device
998		per system is supported at this time.
999
1000			CONFIG_TPM_TIS_I2C_BURST_LIMITATION
1001			Define the burst count bytes upper limit
1002
1003		CONFIG_TPM_ST33ZP24
1004		Support for STMicroelectronics TPM devices. Requires DM_TPM support.
1005
1006			CONFIG_TPM_ST33ZP24_I2C
1007			Support for STMicroelectronics ST33ZP24 I2C devices.
1008			Requires TPM_ST33ZP24 and I2C.
1009
1010			CONFIG_TPM_ST33ZP24_SPI
1011			Support for STMicroelectronics ST33ZP24 SPI devices.
1012			Requires TPM_ST33ZP24 and SPI.
1013
1014		CONFIG_TPM_ATMEL_TWI
1015		Support for Atmel TWI TPM device. Requires I2C support.
1016
1017		CONFIG_TPM_TIS_LPC
1018		Support for generic parallel port TPM devices. Only one device
1019		per system is supported at this time.
1020
1021			CONFIG_TPM_TIS_BASE_ADDRESS
1022			Base address where the generic TPM device is mapped
1023			to. Contemporary x86 systems usually map it at
1024			0xfed40000.
1025
1026		CONFIG_TPM
1027		Define this to enable the TPM support library which provides
1028		functional interfaces to some TPM commands.
1029		Requires support for a TPM device.
1030
1031		CONFIG_TPM_AUTH_SESSIONS
1032		Define this to enable authorized functions in the TPM library.
1033		Requires CONFIG_TPM and CONFIG_SHA1.
1034
1035- USB Support:
1036		At the moment only the UHCI host controller is
1037		supported (PIP405, MIP405); define
1038		CONFIG_USB_UHCI to enable it.
1039		define CONFIG_USB_KEYBOARD to enable the USB Keyboard
1040		and define CONFIG_USB_STORAGE to enable the USB
1041		storage devices.
1042		Note:
1043		Supported are USB Keyboards and USB Floppy drives
1044		(TEAC FD-05PUB).
1045
1046		CONFIG_USB_EHCI_TXFIFO_THRESH enables setting of the
1047		txfilltuning field in the EHCI controller on reset.
1048
1049		CONFIG_USB_DWC2_REG_ADDR the physical CPU address of the DWC2
1050		HW module registers.
1051
1052- USB Device:
1053		Define the below if you wish to use the USB console.
1054		Once firmware is rebuilt from a serial console issue the
1055		command "setenv stdin usbtty; setenv stdout usbtty" and
1056		attach your USB cable. The Unix command "dmesg" should print
1057		it has found a new device. The environment variable usbtty
1058		can be set to gserial or cdc_acm to enable your device to
1059		appear to a USB host as a Linux gserial device or a
1060		Common Device Class Abstract Control Model serial device.
1061		If you select usbtty = gserial you should be able to enumerate
1062		a Linux host by
1063		# modprobe usbserial vendor=0xVendorID product=0xProductID
1064		else if using cdc_acm, simply setting the environment
1065		variable usbtty to be cdc_acm should suffice. The following
1066		might be defined in YourBoardName.h
1067
1068			CONFIG_USB_DEVICE
1069			Define this to build a UDC device
1070
1071			CONFIG_USB_TTY
1072			Define this to have a tty type of device available to
1073			talk to the UDC device
1074
1075			CONFIG_USBD_HS
1076			Define this to enable the high speed support for usb
1077			device and usbtty. If this feature is enabled, a routine
1078			int is_usbd_high_speed(void)
1079			also needs to be defined by the driver to dynamically poll
1080			whether the enumeration has succeded at high speed or full
1081			speed.
1082
1083			CONFIG_SYS_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
1084			Define this if you want stdin, stdout &/or stderr to
1085			be set to usbtty.
1086
1087		If you have a USB-IF assigned VendorID then you may wish to
1088		define your own vendor specific values either in BoardName.h
1089		or directly in usbd_vendor_info.h. If you don't define
1090		CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER, CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME,
1091		CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID and CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID, then U-Boot
1092		should pretend to be a Linux device to it's target host.
1093
1094			CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER
1095			Define this string as the name of your company for
1096			- CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER "my company"
1097
1098			CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME
1099			Define this string as the name of your product
1100			- CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME "acme usb device"
1101
1102			CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID
1103			Define this as your assigned Vendor ID from the USB
1104			Implementors Forum. This *must* be a genuine Vendor ID
1105			to avoid polluting the USB namespace.
1106			- CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID 0xFFFF
1107
1108			CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID
1109			Define this as the unique Product ID
1110			for your device
1111			- CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID 0xFFFF
1112
1113- ULPI Layer Support:
1114		The ULPI (UTMI Low Pin (count) Interface) PHYs are supported via
1115		the generic ULPI layer. The generic layer accesses the ULPI PHY
1116		via the platform viewport, so you need both the genric layer and
1117		the viewport enabled. Currently only Chipidea/ARC based
1118		viewport is supported.
1119		To enable the ULPI layer support, define CONFIG_USB_ULPI and
1120		CONFIG_USB_ULPI_VIEWPORT in your board configuration file.
1121		If your ULPI phy needs a different reference clock than the
1122		standard 24 MHz then you have to define CONFIG_ULPI_REF_CLK to
1123		the appropriate value in Hz.
1124
1125- MMC Support:
1126		The MMC controller on the Intel PXA is supported. To
1127		enable this define CONFIG_MMC. The MMC can be
1128		accessed from the boot prompt by mapping the device
1129		to physical memory similar to flash. Command line is
1130		enabled with CONFIG_CMD_MMC. The MMC driver also works with
1131		the FAT fs. This is enabled with CONFIG_CMD_FAT.
1132
1133		CONFIG_SH_MMCIF
1134		Support for Renesas on-chip MMCIF controller
1135
1136			CONFIG_SH_MMCIF_ADDR
1137			Define the base address of MMCIF registers
1138
1139			CONFIG_SH_MMCIF_CLK
1140			Define the clock frequency for MMCIF
1141
1142		CONFIG_SUPPORT_EMMC_BOOT
1143		Enable some additional features of the eMMC boot partitions.
1144
1145- USB Device Firmware Update (DFU) class support:
1146		CONFIG_DFU_OVER_USB
1147		This enables the USB portion of the DFU USB class
1148
1149		CONFIG_DFU_NAND
1150		This enables support for exposing NAND devices via DFU.
1151
1152		CONFIG_DFU_RAM
1153		This enables support for exposing RAM via DFU.
1154		Note: DFU spec refer to non-volatile memory usage, but
1155		allow usages beyond the scope of spec - here RAM usage,
1156		one that would help mostly the developer.
1157
1158		CONFIG_SYS_DFU_DATA_BUF_SIZE
1159		Dfu transfer uses a buffer before writing data to the
1160		raw storage device. Make the size (in bytes) of this buffer
1161		configurable. The size of this buffer is also configurable
1162		through the "dfu_bufsiz" environment variable.
1163
1164		CONFIG_SYS_DFU_MAX_FILE_SIZE
1165		When updating files rather than the raw storage device,
1166		we use a static buffer to copy the file into and then write
1167		the buffer once we've been given the whole file.  Define
1168		this to the maximum filesize (in bytes) for the buffer.
1169		Default is 4 MiB if undefined.
1170
1171		DFU_DEFAULT_POLL_TIMEOUT
1172		Poll timeout [ms], is the timeout a device can send to the
1173		host. The host must wait for this timeout before sending
1174		a subsequent DFU_GET_STATUS request to the device.
1175
1176		DFU_MANIFEST_POLL_TIMEOUT
1177		Poll timeout [ms], which the device sends to the host when
1178		entering dfuMANIFEST state. Host waits this timeout, before
1179		sending again an USB request to the device.
1180
1181- Journaling Flash filesystem support:
1182		CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND
1183		Define these for a default partition on a NAND device
1184
1185		CONFIG_SYS_JFFS2_FIRST_SECTOR,
1186		CONFIG_SYS_JFFS2_FIRST_BANK, CONFIG_SYS_JFFS2_NUM_BANKS
1187		Define these for a default partition on a NOR device
1188
1189- Keyboard Support:
1190		See Kconfig help for available keyboard drivers.
1191
1192		CONFIG_KEYBOARD
1193
1194		Define this to enable a custom keyboard support.
1195		This simply calls drv_keyboard_init() which must be
1196		defined in your board-specific files. This option is deprecated
1197		and is only used by novena. For new boards, use driver model
1198		instead.
1199
1200- Video support:
1201		CONFIG_FSL_DIU_FB
1202		Enable the Freescale DIU video driver.	Reference boards for
1203		SOCs that have a DIU should define this macro to enable DIU
1204		support, and should also define these other macros:
1205
1206			CONFIG_SYS_DIU_ADDR
1207			CONFIG_VIDEO
1208			CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE
1209			CONFIG_VIDEO_SW_CURSOR
1210			CONFIG_VGA_AS_SINGLE_DEVICE
1211			CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO
1212			CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_LOGO
1213
1214		The DIU driver will look for the 'video-mode' environment
1215		variable, and if defined, enable the DIU as a console during
1216		boot.  See the documentation file doc/README.video for a
1217		description of this variable.
1218
1219- LCD Support:	CONFIG_LCD
1220
1221		Define this to enable LCD support (for output to LCD
1222		display); also select one of the supported displays
1223		by defining one of these:
1224
1225		CONFIG_ATMEL_LCD:
1226
1227			HITACHI TX09D70VM1CCA, 3.5", 240x320.
1228
1229		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448AC33:
1230
1231			NEC NL6448AC33-18. Active, color, single scan.
1232
1233		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC20
1234
1235			NEC NL6448BC20-08. 6.5", 640x480.
1236			Active, color, single scan.
1237
1238		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC33_54
1239
1240			NEC NL6448BC33-54. 10.4", 640x480.
1241			Active, color, single scan.
1242
1243		CONFIG_SHARP_16x9
1244
1245			Sharp 320x240. Active, color, single scan.
1246			It isn't 16x9, and I am not sure what it is.
1247
1248		CONFIG_SHARP_LQ64D341
1249
1250			Sharp LQ64D341 display, 640x480.
1251			Active, color, single scan.
1252
1253		CONFIG_HLD1045
1254
1255			HLD1045 display, 640x480.
1256			Active, color, single scan.
1257
1258		CONFIG_OPTREX_BW
1259
1260			Optrex	 CBL50840-2 NF-FW 99 22 M5
1261			or
1262			Hitachi	 LMG6912RPFC-00T
1263			or
1264			Hitachi	 SP14Q002
1265
1266			320x240. Black & white.
1267
1268		CONFIG_LCD_ALIGNMENT
1269
1270		Normally the LCD is page-aligned (typically 4KB). If this is
1271		defined then the LCD will be aligned to this value instead.
1272		For ARM it is sometimes useful to use MMU_SECTION_SIZE
1273		here, since it is cheaper to change data cache settings on
1274		a per-section basis.
1275
1276
1277		CONFIG_LCD_ROTATION
1278
1279		Sometimes, for example if the display is mounted in portrait
1280		mode or even if it's mounted landscape but rotated by 180degree,
1281		we need to rotate our content of the display relative to the
1282		framebuffer, so that user can read the messages which are
1283		printed out.
1284		Once CONFIG_LCD_ROTATION is defined, the lcd_console will be
1285		initialized with a given rotation from "vl_rot" out of
1286		"vidinfo_t" which is provided by the board specific code.
1287		The value for vl_rot is coded as following (matching to
1288		fbcon=rotate:<n> linux-kernel commandline):
1289		0 = no rotation respectively 0 degree
1290		1 = 90 degree rotation
1291		2 = 180 degree rotation
1292		3 = 270 degree rotation
1293
1294		If CONFIG_LCD_ROTATION is not defined, the console will be
1295		initialized with 0degree rotation.
1296
1297		CONFIG_LCD_BMP_RLE8
1298
1299		Support drawing of RLE8-compressed bitmaps on the LCD.
1300
1301		CONFIG_I2C_EDID
1302
1303		Enables an 'i2c edid' command which can read EDID
1304		information over I2C from an attached LCD display.
1305
1306- Splash Screen Support: CONFIG_SPLASH_SCREEN
1307
1308		If this option is set, the environment is checked for
1309		a variable "splashimage". If found, the usual display
1310		of logo, copyright and system information on the LCD
1311		is suppressed and the BMP image at the address
1312		specified in "splashimage" is loaded instead. The
1313		console is redirected to the "nulldev", too. This
1314		allows for a "silent" boot where a splash screen is
1315		loaded very quickly after power-on.
1316
1317		CONFIG_SPLASHIMAGE_GUARD
1318
1319		If this option is set, then U-Boot will prevent the environment
1320		variable "splashimage" from being set to a problematic address
1321		(see doc/README.displaying-bmps).
1322		This option is useful for targets where, due to alignment
1323		restrictions, an improperly aligned BMP image will cause a data
1324		abort. If you think you will not have problems with unaligned
1325		accesses (for example because your toolchain prevents them)
1326		there is no need to set this option.
1327
1328		CONFIG_SPLASH_SCREEN_ALIGN
1329
1330		If this option is set the splash image can be freely positioned
1331		on the screen. Environment variable "splashpos" specifies the
1332		position as "x,y". If a positive number is given it is used as
1333		number of pixel from left/top. If a negative number is given it
1334		is used as number of pixel from right/bottom. You can also
1335		specify 'm' for centering the image.
1336
1337		Example:
1338		setenv splashpos m,m
1339			=> image at center of screen
1340
1341		setenv splashpos 30,20
1342			=> image at x = 30 and y = 20
1343
1344		setenv splashpos -10,m
1345			=> vertically centered image
1346			   at x = dspWidth - bmpWidth - 9
1347
1348- Gzip compressed BMP image support: CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_GZIP
1349
1350		If this option is set, additionally to standard BMP
1351		images, gzipped BMP images can be displayed via the
1352		splashscreen support or the bmp command.
1353
1354- Run length encoded BMP image (RLE8) support: CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_RLE8
1355
1356		If this option is set, 8-bit RLE compressed BMP images
1357		can be displayed via the splashscreen support or the
1358		bmp command.
1359
1360- Compression support:
1361		CONFIG_GZIP
1362
1363		Enabled by default to support gzip compressed images.
1364
1365		CONFIG_BZIP2
1366
1367		If this option is set, support for bzip2 compressed
1368		images is included. If not, only uncompressed and gzip
1369		compressed images are supported.
1370
1371		NOTE: the bzip2 algorithm requires a lot of RAM, so
1372		the malloc area (as defined by CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN) should
1373		be at least 4MB.
1374
1375- MII/PHY support:
1376		CONFIG_PHY_CLOCK_FREQ (ppc4xx)
1377
1378		The clock frequency of the MII bus
1379
1380		CONFIG_PHY_RESET_DELAY
1381
1382		Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1383		reset before any MII register access is possible.
1384		For such PHY, set this option to the usec delay
1385		required. (minimum 300usec for LXT971A)
1386
1387		CONFIG_PHY_CMD_DELAY (ppc4xx)
1388
1389		Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1390		command issued before MII status register can be read
1391
1392- IP address:
1393		CONFIG_IPADDR
1394
1395		Define a default value for the IP address to use for
1396		the default Ethernet interface, in case this is not
1397		determined through e.g. bootp.
1398		(Environment variable "ipaddr")
1399
1400- Server IP address:
1401		CONFIG_SERVERIP
1402
1403		Defines a default value for the IP address of a TFTP
1404		server to contact when using the "tftboot" command.
1405		(Environment variable "serverip")
1406
1407		CONFIG_KEEP_SERVERADDR
1408
1409		Keeps the server's MAC address, in the env 'serveraddr'
1410		for passing to bootargs (like Linux's netconsole option)
1411
1412- Gateway IP address:
1413		CONFIG_GATEWAYIP
1414
1415		Defines a default value for the IP address of the
1416		default router where packets to other networks are
1417		sent to.
1418		(Environment variable "gatewayip")
1419
1420- Subnet mask:
1421		CONFIG_NETMASK
1422
1423		Defines a default value for the subnet mask (or
1424		routing prefix) which is used to determine if an IP
1425		address belongs to the local subnet or needs to be
1426		forwarded through a router.
1427		(Environment variable "netmask")
1428
1429- BOOTP Recovery Mode:
1430		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1431
1432		If you have many targets in a network that try to
1433		boot using BOOTP, you may want to avoid that all
1434		systems send out BOOTP requests at precisely the same
1435		moment (which would happen for instance at recovery
1436		from a power failure, when all systems will try to
1437		boot, thus flooding the BOOTP server. Defining
1438		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY causes a random delay to be
1439		inserted before sending out BOOTP requests. The
1440		following delays are inserted then:
1441
1442		1st BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 1 sec
1443		2nd BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 2 sec
1444		3rd BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 4 sec
1445		4th and following
1446		BOOTP requests:		delay 0 ... 8 sec
1447
1448		CONFIG_BOOTP_ID_CACHE_SIZE
1449
1450		BOOTP packets are uniquely identified using a 32-bit ID. The
1451		server will copy the ID from client requests to responses and
1452		U-Boot will use this to determine if it is the destination of
1453		an incoming response. Some servers will check that addresses
1454		aren't in use before handing them out (usually using an ARP
1455		ping) and therefore take up to a few hundred milliseconds to
1456		respond. Network congestion may also influence the time it
1457		takes for a response to make it back to the client. If that
1458		time is too long, U-Boot will retransmit requests. In order
1459		to allow earlier responses to still be accepted after these
1460		retransmissions, U-Boot's BOOTP client keeps a small cache of
1461		IDs. The CONFIG_BOOTP_ID_CACHE_SIZE controls the size of this
1462		cache. The default is to keep IDs for up to four outstanding
1463		requests. Increasing this will allow U-Boot to accept offers
1464		from a BOOTP client in networks with unusually high latency.
1465
1466- DHCP Advanced Options:
1467		You can fine tune the DHCP functionality by defining
1468		CONFIG_BOOTP_* symbols:
1469
1470		CONFIG_BOOTP_NISDOMAIN
1471		CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTFILESIZE
1472		CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME
1473		CONFIG_BOOTP_NTPSERVER
1474		CONFIG_BOOTP_TIMEOFFSET
1475		CONFIG_BOOTP_VENDOREX
1476		CONFIG_BOOTP_MAY_FAIL
1477
1478		CONFIG_BOOTP_SERVERIP - TFTP server will be the serverip
1479		environment variable, not the BOOTP server.
1480
1481		CONFIG_BOOTP_MAY_FAIL - If the DHCP server is not found
1482		after the configured retry count, the call will fail
1483		instead of starting over.  This can be used to fail over
1484		to Link-local IP address configuration if the DHCP server
1485		is not available.
1486
1487		CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME - Some DHCP servers are capable
1488		to do a dynamic update of a DNS server. To do this, they
1489		need the hostname of the DHCP requester.
1490		If CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME is defined, the content
1491		of the "hostname" environment variable is passed as
1492		option 12 to the DHCP server.
1493
1494		CONFIG_BOOTP_DHCP_REQUEST_DELAY
1495
1496		A 32bit value in microseconds for a delay between
1497		receiving a "DHCP Offer" and sending the "DHCP Request".
1498		This fixes a problem with certain DHCP servers that don't
1499		respond 100% of the time to a "DHCP request". E.g. On an
1500		AT91RM9200 processor running at 180MHz, this delay needed
1501		to be *at least* 15,000 usec before a Windows Server 2003
1502		DHCP server would reply 100% of the time. I recommend at
1503		least 50,000 usec to be safe. The alternative is to hope
1504		that one of the retries will be successful but note that
1505		the DHCP timeout and retry process takes a longer than
1506		this delay.
1507
1508 - Link-local IP address negotiation:
1509		Negotiate with other link-local clients on the local network
1510		for an address that doesn't require explicit configuration.
1511		This is especially useful if a DHCP server cannot be guaranteed
1512		to exist in all environments that the device must operate.
1513
1514		See doc/README.link-local for more information.
1515
1516 - MAC address from environment variables
1517
1518		FDT_SEQ_MACADDR_FROM_ENV
1519
1520		Fix-up device tree with MAC addresses fetched sequentially from
1521		environment variables. This config work on assumption that
1522		non-usable ethernet node of device-tree are either not present
1523		or their status has been marked as "disabled".
1524
1525 - CDP Options:
1526		CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID
1527
1528		The device id used in CDP trigger frames.
1529
1530		CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID_PREFIX
1531
1532		A two character string which is prefixed to the MAC address
1533		of the device.
1534
1535		CONFIG_CDP_PORT_ID
1536
1537		A printf format string which contains the ascii name of
1538		the port. Normally is set to "eth%d" which sets
1539		eth0 for the first Ethernet, eth1 for the second etc.
1540
1541		CONFIG_CDP_CAPABILITIES
1542
1543		A 32bit integer which indicates the device capabilities;
1544		0x00000010 for a normal host which does not forwards.
1545
1546		CONFIG_CDP_VERSION
1547
1548		An ascii string containing the version of the software.
1549
1550		CONFIG_CDP_PLATFORM
1551
1552		An ascii string containing the name of the platform.
1553
1554		CONFIG_CDP_TRIGGER
1555
1556		A 32bit integer sent on the trigger.
1557
1558		CONFIG_CDP_POWER_CONSUMPTION
1559
1560		A 16bit integer containing the power consumption of the
1561		device in .1 of milliwatts.
1562
1563		CONFIG_CDP_APPLIANCE_VLAN_TYPE
1564
1565		A byte containing the id of the VLAN.
1566
1567- Status LED:	CONFIG_LED_STATUS
1568
1569		Several configurations allow to display the current
1570		status using a LED. For instance, the LED will blink
1571		fast while running U-Boot code, stop blinking as
1572		soon as a reply to a BOOTP request was received, and
1573		start blinking slow once the Linux kernel is running
1574		(supported by a status LED driver in the Linux
1575		kernel). Defining CONFIG_LED_STATUS enables this
1576		feature in U-Boot.
1577
1578		Additional options:
1579
1580		CONFIG_LED_STATUS_GPIO
1581		The status LED can be connected to a GPIO pin.
1582		In such cases, the gpio_led driver can be used as a
1583		status LED backend implementation. Define CONFIG_LED_STATUS_GPIO
1584		to include the gpio_led driver in the U-Boot binary.
1585
1586		CONFIG_GPIO_LED_INVERTED_TABLE
1587		Some GPIO connected LEDs may have inverted polarity in which
1588		case the GPIO high value corresponds to LED off state and
1589		GPIO low value corresponds to LED on state.
1590		In such cases CONFIG_GPIO_LED_INVERTED_TABLE may be defined
1591		with a list of GPIO LEDs that have inverted polarity.
1592
1593- I2C Support:	CONFIG_SYS_I2C
1594
1595		This enable the NEW i2c subsystem, and will allow you to use
1596		i2c commands at the u-boot command line (as long as you set
1597		CONFIG_CMD_I2C in CONFIG_COMMANDS) and communicate with i2c
1598		based realtime clock chips or other i2c devices. See
1599		common/cmd_i2c.c for a description of the command line
1600		interface.
1601
1602		ported i2c driver to the new framework:
1603		- drivers/i2c/soft_i2c.c:
1604		  - activate first bus with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT define
1605		    CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SPEED and CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SLAVE
1606		    for defining speed and slave address
1607		  - activate second bus with I2C_SOFT_DECLARATIONS2 define
1608		    CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SPEED_2 and CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SLAVE_2
1609		    for defining speed and slave address
1610		  - activate third bus with I2C_SOFT_DECLARATIONS3 define
1611		    CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SPEED_3 and CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SLAVE_3
1612		    for defining speed and slave address
1613		  - activate fourth bus with I2C_SOFT_DECLARATIONS4 define
1614		    CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SPEED_4 and CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SLAVE_4
1615		    for defining speed and slave address
1616
1617		- drivers/i2c/fsl_i2c.c:
1618		  - activate i2c driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_FSL
1619		    define CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C_OFFSET for setting the register
1620		    offset CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C_SPEED for the i2c speed and
1621		    CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C_SLAVE for the slave addr of the first
1622		    bus.
1623		  - If your board supports a second fsl i2c bus, define
1624		    CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C2_OFFSET for the register offset
1625		    CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C2_SPEED for the speed and
1626		    CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C2_SLAVE for the slave address of the
1627		    second bus.
1628
1629		- drivers/i2c/tegra_i2c.c:
1630		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_TEGRA
1631		  - This driver adds 4 i2c buses with a fix speed from
1632		    100000 and the slave addr 0!
1633
1634		- drivers/i2c/ppc4xx_i2c.c
1635		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_PPC4XX
1636		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_PPC4XX_CH0 activate hardware channel 0
1637		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_PPC4XX_CH1 activate hardware channel 1
1638
1639		- drivers/i2c/i2c_mxc.c
1640		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MXC
1641		  - enable bus 1 with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MXC_I2C1
1642		  - enable bus 2 with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MXC_I2C2
1643		  - enable bus 3 with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MXC_I2C3
1644		  - enable bus 4 with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MXC_I2C4
1645		  - define speed for bus 1 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C1_SPEED
1646		  - define slave for bus 1 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C1_SLAVE
1647		  - define speed for bus 2 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C2_SPEED
1648		  - define slave for bus 2 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C2_SLAVE
1649		  - define speed for bus 3 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C3_SPEED
1650		  - define slave for bus 3 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C3_SLAVE
1651		  - define speed for bus 4 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C4_SPEED
1652		  - define slave for bus 4 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C4_SLAVE
1653		If those defines are not set, default value is 100000
1654		for speed, and 0 for slave.
1655
1656		- drivers/i2c/rcar_i2c.c:
1657		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_RCAR
1658		  - This driver adds 4 i2c buses
1659
1660		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C0_BASE for setting the register channel 0
1661		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C0_SPEED for for the speed channel 0
1662		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C1_BASE for setting the register channel 1
1663		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C1_SPEED for for the speed channel 1
1664		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C2_BASE for setting the register channel 2
1665		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C2_SPEED for for the speed channel 2
1666		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C3_BASE for setting the register channel 3
1667		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C3_SPEED for for the speed channel 3
1668		  - CONFIF_SYS_RCAR_I2C_NUM_CONTROLLERS for number of i2c buses
1669
1670		- drivers/i2c/sh_i2c.c:
1671		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH
1672		  - This driver adds from 2 to 5 i2c buses
1673
1674		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_BASE0 for setting the register channel 0
1675		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_SPEED0 for for the speed channel 0
1676		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_BASE1 for setting the register channel 1
1677		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_SPEED1 for for the speed channel 1
1678		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_BASE2 for setting the register channel 2
1679		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_SPEED2 for for the speed channel 2
1680		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_BASE3 for setting the register channel 3
1681		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_SPEED3 for for the speed channel 3
1682		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_BASE4 for setting the register channel 4
1683		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_SPEED4 for for the speed channel 4
1684		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_NUM_CONTROLLERS for number of i2c buses
1685
1686		- drivers/i2c/omap24xx_i2c.c
1687		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_OMAP24XX
1688		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SPEED speed channel 0
1689		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SLAVE slave addr channel 0
1690		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SPEED1 speed channel 1
1691		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SLAVE1 slave addr channel 1
1692		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SPEED2 speed channel 2
1693		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SLAVE2 slave addr channel 2
1694		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SPEED3 speed channel 3
1695		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SLAVE3 slave addr channel 3
1696		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SPEED4 speed channel 4
1697		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SLAVE4 slave addr channel 4
1698
1699		- drivers/i2c/zynq_i2c.c
1700		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_ZYNQ
1701		  - set CONFIG_SYS_I2C_ZYNQ_SPEED for speed setting
1702		  - set CONFIG_SYS_I2C_ZYNQ_SLAVE for slave addr
1703
1704		- drivers/i2c/s3c24x0_i2c.c:
1705		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_S3C24X0
1706		  - This driver adds i2c buses (11 for Exynos5250, Exynos5420
1707		    9 i2c buses for Exynos4 and 1 for S3C24X0 SoCs from Samsung)
1708		    with a fix speed from 100000 and the slave addr 0!
1709
1710		- drivers/i2c/ihs_i2c.c
1711		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS
1712		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_CH0 activate hardware channel 0
1713		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_0 speed channel 0
1714		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_0 slave addr channel 0
1715		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_CH1 activate hardware channel 1
1716		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_1 speed channel 1
1717		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_1 slave addr channel 1
1718		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_CH2 activate hardware channel 2
1719		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_2 speed channel 2
1720		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_2 slave addr channel 2
1721		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_CH3 activate hardware channel 3
1722		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_3 speed channel 3
1723		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_3 slave addr channel 3
1724		  - activate dual channel with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_DUAL
1725		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_0_1 speed channel 0_1
1726		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_0_1 slave addr channel 0_1
1727		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_1_1 speed channel 1_1
1728		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_1_1 slave addr channel 1_1
1729		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_2_1 speed channel 2_1
1730		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_2_1 slave addr channel 2_1
1731		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_3_1 speed channel 3_1
1732		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_3_1 slave addr channel 3_1
1733
1734		additional defines:
1735
1736		CONFIG_SYS_NUM_I2C_BUSES
1737		Hold the number of i2c buses you want to use.
1738
1739		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_DIRECT_BUS
1740		define this, if you don't use i2c muxes on your hardware.
1741		if CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MAX_HOPS is not defined or == 0 you can
1742		omit this define.
1743
1744		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MAX_HOPS
1745		define how many muxes are maximal consecutively connected
1746		on one i2c bus. If you not use i2c muxes, omit this
1747		define.
1748
1749		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_BUSES
1750		hold a list of buses you want to use, only used if
1751		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_DIRECT_BUS is not defined, for example
1752		a board with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MAX_HOPS = 1 and
1753		CONFIG_SYS_NUM_I2C_BUSES = 9:
1754
1755		 CONFIG_SYS_I2C_BUSES	{{0, {I2C_NULL_HOP}}, \
1756					{0, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9547, 0x70, 1}}}, \
1757					{0, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9547, 0x70, 2}}}, \
1758					{0, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9547, 0x70, 3}}}, \
1759					{0, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9547, 0x70, 4}}}, \
1760					{0, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9547, 0x70, 5}}}, \
1761					{1, {I2C_NULL_HOP}}, \
1762					{1, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9544, 0x72, 1}}}, \
1763					{1, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9544, 0x72, 2}}}, \
1764					}
1765
1766		which defines
1767			bus 0 on adapter 0 without a mux
1768			bus 1 on adapter 0 with a PCA9547 on address 0x70 port 1
1769			bus 2 on adapter 0 with a PCA9547 on address 0x70 port 2
1770			bus 3 on adapter 0 with a PCA9547 on address 0x70 port 3
1771			bus 4 on adapter 0 with a PCA9547 on address 0x70 port 4
1772			bus 5 on adapter 0 with a PCA9547 on address 0x70 port 5
1773			bus 6 on adapter 1 without a mux
1774			bus 7 on adapter 1 with a PCA9544 on address 0x72 port 1
1775			bus 8 on adapter 1 with a PCA9544 on address 0x72 port 2
1776
1777		If you do not have i2c muxes on your board, omit this define.
1778
1779- Legacy I2C Support:
1780		If you use the software i2c interface (CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT)
1781		then the following macros need to be defined (examples are
1782		from include/configs/lwmon.h):
1783
1784		I2C_INIT
1785
1786		(Optional). Any commands necessary to enable the I2C
1787		controller or configure ports.
1788
1789		eg: #define I2C_INIT (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |=	PB_SCL)
1790
1791		I2C_ACTIVE
1792
1793		The code necessary to make the I2C data line active
1794		(driven).  If the data line is open collector, this
1795		define can be null.
1796
1797		eg: #define I2C_ACTIVE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |=  PB_SDA)
1798
1799		I2C_TRISTATE
1800
1801		The code necessary to make the I2C data line tri-stated
1802		(inactive).  If the data line is open collector, this
1803		define can be null.
1804
1805		eg: #define I2C_TRISTATE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir &= ~PB_SDA)
1806
1807		I2C_READ
1808
1809		Code that returns true if the I2C data line is high,
1810		false if it is low.
1811
1812		eg: #define I2C_READ ((immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat & PB_SDA) != 0)
1813
1814		I2C_SDA(bit)
1815
1816		If <bit> is true, sets the I2C data line high. If it
1817		is false, it clears it (low).
1818
1819		eg: #define I2C_SDA(bit) \
1820			if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |=  PB_SDA; \
1821			else	immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SDA
1822
1823		I2C_SCL(bit)
1824
1825		If <bit> is true, sets the I2C clock line high. If it
1826		is false, it clears it (low).
1827
1828		eg: #define I2C_SCL(bit) \
1829			if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |=  PB_SCL; \
1830			else	immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SCL
1831
1832		I2C_DELAY
1833
1834		This delay is invoked four times per clock cycle so this
1835		controls the rate of data transfer.  The data rate thus
1836		is 1 / (I2C_DELAY * 4). Often defined to be something
1837		like:
1838
1839		#define I2C_DELAY  udelay(2)
1840
1841		CONFIG_SOFT_I2C_GPIO_SCL / CONFIG_SOFT_I2C_GPIO_SDA
1842
1843		If your arch supports the generic GPIO framework (asm/gpio.h),
1844		then you may alternatively define the two GPIOs that are to be
1845		used as SCL / SDA.  Any of the previous I2C_xxx macros will
1846		have GPIO-based defaults assigned to them as appropriate.
1847
1848		You should define these to the GPIO value as given directly to
1849		the generic GPIO functions.
1850
1851		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_INIT_BOARD
1852
1853		When a board is reset during an i2c bus transfer
1854		chips might think that the current transfer is still
1855		in progress. On some boards it is possible to access
1856		the i2c SCLK line directly, either by using the
1857		processor pin as a GPIO or by having a second pin
1858		connected to the bus. If this option is defined a
1859		custom i2c_init_board() routine in boards/xxx/board.c
1860		is run early in the boot sequence.
1861
1862		CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1863
1864		This option allows the use of multiple I2C buses, each of which
1865		must have a controller.	 At any point in time, only one bus is
1866		active.	 To switch to a different bus, use the 'i2c dev' command.
1867		Note that bus numbering is zero-based.
1868
1869		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_NOPROBES
1870
1871		This option specifies a list of I2C devices that will be skipped
1872		when the 'i2c probe' command is issued.	 If CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1873		is set, specify a list of bus-device pairs.  Otherwise, specify
1874		a 1D array of device addresses
1875
1876		e.g.
1877			#undef	CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1878			#define CONFIG_SYS_I2C_NOPROBES {0x50,0x68}
1879
1880		will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on a board with one I2C bus
1881
1882			#define CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1883			#define CONFIG_SYS_I2C_NOPROBES	{{0,0x50},{0,0x68},{1,0x54}}
1884
1885		will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on bus 0 and address 0x54 on bus 1
1886
1887		CONFIG_SYS_SPD_BUS_NUM
1888
1889		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for DDR SPD.
1890		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that SPD is on I2C bus 0.
1891
1892		CONFIG_SYS_RTC_BUS_NUM
1893
1894		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the RTC.
1895		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that RTC is on I2C bus 0.
1896
1897		CONFIG_SOFT_I2C_READ_REPEATED_START
1898
1899		defining this will force the i2c_read() function in
1900		the soft_i2c driver to perform an I2C repeated start
1901		between writing the address pointer and reading the
1902		data.  If this define is omitted the default behaviour
1903		of doing a stop-start sequence will be used.  Most I2C
1904		devices can use either method, but some require one or
1905		the other.
1906
1907- SPI Support:	CONFIG_SPI
1908
1909		Enables SPI driver (so far only tested with
1910		SPI EEPROM, also an instance works with Crystal A/D and
1911		D/As on the SACSng board)
1912
1913		CONFIG_SOFT_SPI
1914
1915		Enables a software (bit-bang) SPI driver rather than
1916		using hardware support. This is a general purpose
1917		driver that only requires three general I/O port pins
1918		(two outputs, one input) to function. If this is
1919		defined, the board configuration must define several
1920		SPI configuration items (port pins to use, etc). For
1921		an example, see include/configs/sacsng.h.
1922
1923		CONFIG_SYS_SPI_MXC_WAIT
1924		Timeout for waiting until spi transfer completed.
1925		default: (CONFIG_SYS_HZ/100)     /* 10 ms */
1926
1927- FPGA Support: CONFIG_FPGA
1928
1929		Enables FPGA subsystem.
1930
1931		CONFIG_FPGA_<vendor>
1932
1933		Enables support for specific chip vendors.
1934		(ALTERA, XILINX)
1935
1936		CONFIG_FPGA_<family>
1937
1938		Enables support for FPGA family.
1939		(SPARTAN2, SPARTAN3, VIRTEX2, CYCLONE2, ACEX1K, ACEX)
1940
1941		CONFIG_FPGA_COUNT
1942
1943		Specify the number of FPGA devices to support.
1944
1945		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_PROG_FEEDBACK
1946
1947		Enable printing of hash marks during FPGA configuration.
1948
1949		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_CHECK_BUSY
1950
1951		Enable checks on FPGA configuration interface busy
1952		status by the configuration function. This option
1953		will require a board or device specific function to
1954		be written.
1955
1956		CONFIG_FPGA_DELAY
1957
1958		If defined, a function that provides delays in the FPGA
1959		configuration driver.
1960
1961		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_CHECK_CTRLC
1962		Allow Control-C to interrupt FPGA configuration
1963
1964		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_CHECK_ERROR
1965
1966		Check for configuration errors during FPGA bitfile
1967		loading. For example, abort during Virtex II
1968		configuration if the INIT_B line goes low (which
1969		indicated a CRC error).
1970
1971		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_WAIT_INIT
1972
1973		Maximum time to wait for the INIT_B line to de-assert
1974		after PROB_B has been de-asserted during a Virtex II
1975		FPGA configuration sequence. The default time is 500
1976		ms.
1977
1978		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_WAIT_BUSY
1979
1980		Maximum time to wait for BUSY to de-assert during
1981		Virtex II FPGA configuration. The default is 5 ms.
1982
1983		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_WAIT_CONFIG
1984
1985		Time to wait after FPGA configuration. The default is
1986		200 ms.
1987
1988- Configuration Management:
1989
1990		CONFIG_IDENT_STRING
1991
1992		If defined, this string will be added to the U-Boot
1993		version information (U_BOOT_VERSION)
1994
1995- Vendor Parameter Protection:
1996
1997		U-Boot considers the values of the environment
1998		variables "serial#" (Board Serial Number) and
1999		"ethaddr" (Ethernet Address) to be parameters that
2000		are set once by the board vendor / manufacturer, and
2001		protects these variables from casual modification by
2002		the user. Once set, these variables are read-only,
2003		and write or delete attempts are rejected. You can
2004		change this behaviour:
2005
2006		If CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE is #defined in your config
2007		file, the write protection for vendor parameters is
2008		completely disabled. Anybody can change or delete
2009		these parameters.
2010
2011		Alternatively, if you define _both_ an ethaddr in the
2012		default env _and_ CONFIG_OVERWRITE_ETHADDR_ONCE, a default
2013		Ethernet address is installed in the environment,
2014		which can be changed exactly ONCE by the user. [The
2015		serial# is unaffected by this, i. e. it remains
2016		read-only.]
2017
2018		The same can be accomplished in a more flexible way
2019		for any variable by configuring the type of access
2020		to allow for those variables in the ".flags" variable
2021		or define CONFIG_ENV_FLAGS_LIST_STATIC.
2022
2023- Protected RAM:
2024		CONFIG_PRAM
2025
2026		Define this variable to enable the reservation of
2027		"protected RAM", i. e. RAM which is not overwritten
2028		by U-Boot. Define CONFIG_PRAM to hold the number of
2029		kB you want to reserve for pRAM. You can overwrite
2030		this default value by defining an environment
2031		variable "pram" to the number of kB you want to
2032		reserve. Note that the board info structure will
2033		still show the full amount of RAM. If pRAM is
2034		reserved, a new environment variable "mem" will
2035		automatically be defined to hold the amount of
2036		remaining RAM in a form that can be passed as boot
2037		argument to Linux, for instance like that:
2038
2039			setenv bootargs ... mem=\${mem}
2040			saveenv
2041
2042		This way you can tell Linux not to use this memory,
2043		either, which results in a memory region that will
2044		not be affected by reboots.
2045
2046		*WARNING* If your board configuration uses automatic
2047		detection of the RAM size, you must make sure that
2048		this memory test is non-destructive. So far, the
2049		following board configurations are known to be
2050		"pRAM-clean":
2051
2052			IVMS8, IVML24, SPD8xx,
2053			HERMES, IP860, RPXlite, LWMON,
2054			FLAGADM
2055
2056- Access to physical memory region (> 4GB)
2057		Some basic support is provided for operations on memory not
2058		normally accessible to U-Boot - e.g. some architectures
2059		support access to more than 4GB of memory on 32-bit
2060		machines using physical address extension or similar.
2061		Define CONFIG_PHYSMEM to access this basic support, which
2062		currently only supports clearing the memory.
2063
2064- Error Recovery:
2065		CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT
2066
2067		This variable defines the number of retries for
2068		network operations like ARP, RARP, TFTP, or BOOTP
2069		before giving up the operation. If not defined, a
2070		default value of 5 is used.
2071
2072		CONFIG_ARP_TIMEOUT
2073
2074		Timeout waiting for an ARP reply in milliseconds.
2075
2076		CONFIG_NFS_TIMEOUT
2077
2078		Timeout in milliseconds used in NFS protocol.
2079		If you encounter "ERROR: Cannot umount" in nfs command,
2080		try longer timeout such as
2081		#define CONFIG_NFS_TIMEOUT 10000UL
2082
2083- Command Interpreter:
2084		CONFIG_SYS_PROMPT_HUSH_PS2
2085
2086		This defines the secondary prompt string, which is
2087		printed when the command interpreter needs more input
2088		to complete a command. Usually "> ".
2089
2090	Note:
2091
2092		In the current implementation, the local variables
2093		space and global environment variables space are
2094		separated. Local variables are those you define by
2095		simply typing `name=value'. To access a local
2096		variable later on, you have write `$name' or
2097		`${name}'; to execute the contents of a variable
2098		directly type `$name' at the command prompt.
2099
2100		Global environment variables are those you use
2101		setenv/printenv to work with. To run a command stored
2102		in such a variable, you need to use the run command,
2103		and you must not use the '$' sign to access them.
2104
2105		To store commands and special characters in a
2106		variable, please use double quotation marks
2107		surrounding the whole text of the variable, instead
2108		of the backslashes before semicolons and special
2109		symbols.
2110
2111- Command Line Editing and History:
2112		CONFIG_CMDLINE_PS_SUPPORT
2113
2114		Enable support for changing the command prompt string
2115		at run-time. Only static string is supported so far.
2116		The string is obtained from environment variables PS1
2117		and PS2.
2118
2119- Default Environment:
2120		CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS
2121
2122		Define this to contain any number of null terminated
2123		strings (variable = value pairs) that will be part of
2124		the default environment compiled into the boot image.
2125
2126		For example, place something like this in your
2127		board's config file:
2128
2129		#define CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \
2130			"myvar1=value1\0" \
2131			"myvar2=value2\0"
2132
2133		Warning: This method is based on knowledge about the
2134		internal format how the environment is stored by the
2135		U-Boot code. This is NOT an official, exported
2136		interface! Although it is unlikely that this format
2137		will change soon, there is no guarantee either.
2138		You better know what you are doing here.
2139
2140		Note: overly (ab)use of the default environment is
2141		discouraged. Make sure to check other ways to preset
2142		the environment like the "source" command or the
2143		boot command first.
2144
2145		CONFIG_DELAY_ENVIRONMENT
2146
2147		Normally the environment is loaded when the board is
2148		initialised so that it is available to U-Boot. This inhibits
2149		that so that the environment is not available until
2150		explicitly loaded later by U-Boot code. With CONFIG_OF_CONTROL
2151		this is instead controlled by the value of
2152		/config/load-environment.
2153
2154- Serial Flash support
2155		Usage requires an initial 'sf probe' to define the serial
2156		flash parameters, followed by read/write/erase/update
2157		commands.
2158
2159		The following defaults may be provided by the platform
2160		to handle the common case when only a single serial
2161		flash is present on the system.
2162
2163		CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_BUS		Bus identifier
2164		CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_CS		Chip-select
2165		CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_MODE 		(see include/spi.h)
2166		CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_SPEED		in Hz
2167
2168
2169- TFTP Fixed UDP Port:
2170		CONFIG_TFTP_PORT
2171
2172		If this is defined, the environment variable tftpsrcp
2173		is used to supply the TFTP UDP source port value.
2174		If tftpsrcp isn't defined, the normal pseudo-random port
2175		number generator is used.
2176
2177		Also, the environment variable tftpdstp is used to supply
2178		the TFTP UDP destination port value.  If tftpdstp isn't
2179		defined, the normal port 69 is used.
2180
2181		The purpose for tftpsrcp is to allow a TFTP server to
2182		blindly start the TFTP transfer using the pre-configured
2183		target IP address and UDP port. This has the effect of
2184		"punching through" the (Windows XP) firewall, allowing
2185		the remainder of the TFTP transfer to proceed normally.
2186		A better solution is to properly configure the firewall,
2187		but sometimes that is not allowed.
2188
2189- Show boot progress:
2190		CONFIG_SHOW_BOOT_PROGRESS
2191
2192		Defining this option allows to add some board-
2193		specific code (calling a user-provided function
2194		"show_boot_progress(int)") that enables you to show
2195		the system's boot progress on some display (for
2196		example, some LED's) on your board. At the moment,
2197		the following checkpoints are implemented:
2198
2199
2200Legacy uImage format:
2201
2202  Arg	Where			When
2203    1	common/cmd_bootm.c	before attempting to boot an image
2204   -1	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has bad	 magic number
2205    2	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has correct magic number
2206   -2	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has bad	 checksum
2207    3	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has correct checksum
2208   -3	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image data   has bad	 checksum
2209    4	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image data   has correct checksum
2210   -4	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image is for unsupported architecture
2211    5	common/cmd_bootm.c	Architecture check OK
2212   -5	common/cmd_bootm.c	Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi)
2213    6	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image Type check OK
2214   -6	common/cmd_bootm.c	gunzip uncompression error
2215   -7	common/cmd_bootm.c	Unimplemented compression type
2216    7	common/cmd_bootm.c	Uncompression OK
2217    8	common/cmd_bootm.c	No uncompress/copy overwrite error
2218   -9	common/cmd_bootm.c	Unsupported OS (not Linux, BSD, VxWorks, QNX)
2219
2220    9	common/image.c		Start initial ramdisk verification
2221  -10	common/image.c		Ramdisk header has bad	   magic number
2222  -11	common/image.c		Ramdisk header has bad	   checksum
2223   10	common/image.c		Ramdisk header is OK
2224  -12	common/image.c		Ramdisk data   has bad	   checksum
2225   11	common/image.c		Ramdisk data   has correct checksum
2226   12	common/image.c		Ramdisk verification complete, start loading
2227  -13	common/image.c		Wrong Image Type (not PPC Linux ramdisk)
2228   13	common/image.c		Start multifile image verification
2229   14	common/image.c		No initial ramdisk, no multifile, continue.
2230
2231   15	arch/<arch>/lib/bootm.c All preparation done, transferring control to OS
2232
2233  -30	arch/powerpc/lib/board.c	Fatal error, hang the system
2234  -31	post/post.c		POST test failed, detected by post_output_backlog()
2235  -32	post/post.c		POST test failed, detected by post_run_single()
2236
2237   34	common/cmd_doc.c	before loading a Image from a DOC device
2238  -35	common/cmd_doc.c	Bad usage of "doc" command
2239   35	common/cmd_doc.c	correct usage of "doc" command
2240  -36	common/cmd_doc.c	No boot device
2241   36	common/cmd_doc.c	correct boot device
2242  -37	common/cmd_doc.c	Unknown Chip ID on boot device
2243   37	common/cmd_doc.c	correct chip ID found, device available
2244  -38	common/cmd_doc.c	Read Error on boot device
2245   38	common/cmd_doc.c	reading Image header from DOC device OK
2246  -39	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has bad magic number
2247   39	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has correct magic number
2248  -40	common/cmd_doc.c	Error reading Image from DOC device
2249   40	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has correct magic number
2250   41	common/cmd_ide.c	before loading a Image from a IDE device
2251  -42	common/cmd_ide.c	Bad usage of "ide" command
2252   42	common/cmd_ide.c	correct usage of "ide" command
2253  -43	common/cmd_ide.c	No boot device
2254   43	common/cmd_ide.c	boot device found
2255  -44	common/cmd_ide.c	Device not available
2256   44	common/cmd_ide.c	Device available
2257  -45	common/cmd_ide.c	wrong partition selected
2258   45	common/cmd_ide.c	partition selected
2259  -46	common/cmd_ide.c	Unknown partition table
2260   46	common/cmd_ide.c	valid partition table found
2261  -47	common/cmd_ide.c	Invalid partition type
2262   47	common/cmd_ide.c	correct partition type
2263  -48	common/cmd_ide.c	Error reading Image Header on boot device
2264   48	common/cmd_ide.c	reading Image Header from IDE device OK
2265  -49	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has bad magic number
2266   49	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has correct magic number
2267  -50	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has bad	 checksum
2268   50	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has correct checksum
2269  -51	common/cmd_ide.c	Error reading Image from IDE device
2270   51	common/cmd_ide.c	reading Image from IDE device OK
2271   52	common/cmd_nand.c	before loading a Image from a NAND device
2272  -53	common/cmd_nand.c	Bad usage of "nand" command
2273   53	common/cmd_nand.c	correct usage of "nand" command
2274  -54	common/cmd_nand.c	No boot device
2275   54	common/cmd_nand.c	boot device found
2276  -55	common/cmd_nand.c	Unknown Chip ID on boot device
2277   55	common/cmd_nand.c	correct chip ID found, device available
2278  -56	common/cmd_nand.c	Error reading Image Header on boot device
2279   56	common/cmd_nand.c	reading Image Header from NAND device OK
2280  -57	common/cmd_nand.c	Image header has bad magic number
2281   57	common/cmd_nand.c	Image header has correct magic number
2282  -58	common/cmd_nand.c	Error reading Image from NAND device
2283   58	common/cmd_nand.c	reading Image from NAND device OK
2284
2285  -60	common/env_common.c	Environment has a bad CRC, using default
2286
2287   64	net/eth.c		starting with Ethernet configuration.
2288  -64	net/eth.c		no Ethernet found.
2289   65	net/eth.c		Ethernet found.
2290
2291  -80	common/cmd_net.c	usage wrong
2292   80	common/cmd_net.c	before calling net_loop()
2293  -81	common/cmd_net.c	some error in net_loop() occurred
2294   81	common/cmd_net.c	net_loop() back without error
2295  -82	common/cmd_net.c	size == 0 (File with size 0 loaded)
2296   82	common/cmd_net.c	trying automatic boot
2297   83	common/cmd_net.c	running "source" command
2298  -83	common/cmd_net.c	some error in automatic boot or "source" command
2299   84	common/cmd_net.c	end without errors
2300
2301FIT uImage format:
2302
2303  Arg	Where			When
2304  100	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel FIT Image has correct format
2305 -100	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel FIT Image has incorrect format
2306  101	common/cmd_bootm.c	No Kernel subimage unit name, using configuration
2307 -101	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get configuration for kernel subimage
2308  102	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel unit name specified
2309 -103	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage node offset
2310  103	common/cmd_bootm.c	Found configuration node
2311  104	common/cmd_bootm.c	Got kernel subimage node offset
2312 -104	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage hash verification failed
2313  105	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage hash verification OK
2314 -105	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage is for unsupported architecture
2315  106	common/cmd_bootm.c	Architecture check OK
2316 -106	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage has wrong type
2317  107	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage type OK
2318 -107	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage data/size
2319  108	common/cmd_bootm.c	Got kernel subimage data/size
2320 -108	common/cmd_bootm.c	Wrong image type (not legacy, FIT)
2321 -109	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage type
2322 -110	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage comp
2323 -111	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage os
2324 -112	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage load address
2325 -113	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image uncompress/copy overwrite error
2326
2327  120	common/image.c		Start initial ramdisk verification
2328 -120	common/image.c		Ramdisk FIT image has incorrect format
2329  121	common/image.c		Ramdisk FIT image has correct format
2330  122	common/image.c		No ramdisk subimage unit name, using configuration
2331 -122	common/image.c		Can't get configuration for ramdisk subimage
2332  123	common/image.c		Ramdisk unit name specified
2333 -124	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk subimage node offset
2334  125	common/image.c		Got ramdisk subimage node offset
2335 -125	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage hash verification failed
2336  126	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage hash verification OK
2337 -126	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage for unsupported architecture
2338  127	common/image.c		Architecture check OK
2339 -127	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk subimage data/size
2340  128	common/image.c		Got ramdisk subimage data/size
2341  129	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk load address
2342 -129	common/image.c		Got ramdisk load address
2343
2344 -130	common/cmd_doc.c	Incorrect FIT image format
2345  131	common/cmd_doc.c	FIT image format OK
2346
2347 -140	common/cmd_ide.c	Incorrect FIT image format
2348  141	common/cmd_ide.c	FIT image format OK
2349
2350 -150	common/cmd_nand.c	Incorrect FIT image format
2351  151	common/cmd_nand.c	FIT image format OK
2352
2353- Standalone program support:
2354		CONFIG_STANDALONE_LOAD_ADDR
2355
2356		This option defines a board specific value for the
2357		address where standalone program gets loaded, thus
2358		overwriting the architecture dependent default
2359		settings.
2360
2361- Frame Buffer Address:
2362		CONFIG_FB_ADDR
2363
2364		Define CONFIG_FB_ADDR if you want to use specific
2365		address for frame buffer.  This is typically the case
2366		when using a graphics controller has separate video
2367		memory.  U-Boot will then place the frame buffer at
2368		the given address instead of dynamically reserving it
2369		in system RAM by calling lcd_setmem(), which grabs
2370		the memory for the frame buffer depending on the
2371		configured panel size.
2372
2373		Please see board_init_f function.
2374
2375- Automatic software updates via TFTP server
2376		CONFIG_UPDATE_TFTP
2377		CONFIG_UPDATE_TFTP_CNT_MAX
2378		CONFIG_UPDATE_TFTP_MSEC_MAX
2379
2380		These options enable and control the auto-update feature;
2381		for a more detailed description refer to doc/README.update.
2382
2383- MTD Support (mtdparts command, UBI support)
2384		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_WL_THRESHOLD
2385		This parameter defines the maximum difference between the highest
2386		erase counter value and the lowest erase counter value of eraseblocks
2387		of UBI devices. When this threshold is exceeded, UBI starts performing
2388		wear leveling by means of moving data from eraseblock with low erase
2389		counter to eraseblocks with high erase counter.
2390
2391		The default value should be OK for SLC NAND flashes, NOR flashes and
2392		other flashes which have eraseblock life-cycle 100000 or more.
2393		However, in case of MLC NAND flashes which typically have eraseblock
2394		life-cycle less than 10000, the threshold should be lessened (e.g.,
2395		to 128 or 256, although it does not have to be power of 2).
2396
2397		default: 4096
2398
2399		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_BEB_LIMIT
2400		This option specifies the maximum bad physical eraseblocks UBI
2401		expects on the MTD device (per 1024 eraseblocks). If the
2402		underlying flash does not admit of bad eraseblocks (e.g. NOR
2403		flash), this value is ignored.
2404
2405		NAND datasheets often specify the minimum and maximum NVM
2406		(Number of Valid Blocks) for the flashes' endurance lifetime.
2407		The maximum expected bad eraseblocks per 1024 eraseblocks
2408		then can be calculated as "1024 * (1 - MinNVB / MaxNVB)",
2409		which gives 20 for most NANDs (MaxNVB is basically the total
2410		count of eraseblocks on the chip).
2411
2412		To put it differently, if this value is 20, UBI will try to
2413		reserve about 1.9% of physical eraseblocks for bad blocks
2414		handling. And that will be 1.9% of eraseblocks on the entire
2415		NAND chip, not just the MTD partition UBI attaches. This means
2416		that if you have, say, a NAND flash chip admits maximum 40 bad
2417		eraseblocks, and it is split on two MTD partitions of the same
2418		size, UBI will reserve 40 eraseblocks when attaching a
2419		partition.
2420
2421		default: 20
2422
2423		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_FASTMAP
2424		Fastmap is a mechanism which allows attaching an UBI device
2425		in nearly constant time. Instead of scanning the whole MTD device it
2426		only has to locate a checkpoint (called fastmap) on the device.
2427		The on-flash fastmap contains all information needed to attach
2428		the device. Using fastmap makes only sense on large devices where
2429		attaching by scanning takes long. UBI will not automatically install
2430		a fastmap on old images, but you can set the UBI parameter
2431		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_FASTMAP_AUTOCONVERT to 1 if you want so. Please note
2432		that fastmap-enabled images are still usable with UBI implementations
2433		without	fastmap support. On typical flash devices the whole fastmap
2434		fits into one PEB. UBI will reserve PEBs to hold two fastmaps.
2435
2436		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_FASTMAP_AUTOCONVERT
2437		Set this parameter to enable fastmap automatically on images
2438		without a fastmap.
2439		default: 0
2440
2441		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_FM_DEBUG
2442		Enable UBI fastmap debug
2443		default: 0
2444
2445- SPL framework
2446		CONFIG_SPL
2447		Enable building of SPL globally.
2448
2449		CONFIG_SPL_LDSCRIPT
2450		LDSCRIPT for linking the SPL binary.
2451
2452		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_FOOTPRINT
2453		Maximum size in memory allocated to the SPL, BSS included.
2454		When defined, the linker checks that the actual memory
2455		used by SPL from _start to __bss_end does not exceed it.
2456		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_FOOTPRINT and CONFIG_SPL_BSS_MAX_SIZE
2457		must not be both defined at the same time.
2458
2459		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE
2460		Maximum size of the SPL image (text, data, rodata, and
2461		linker lists sections), BSS excluded.
2462		When defined, the linker checks that the actual size does
2463		not exceed it.
2464
2465		CONFIG_SPL_TEXT_BASE
2466		TEXT_BASE for linking the SPL binary.
2467
2468		CONFIG_SPL_RELOC_TEXT_BASE
2469		Address to relocate to.  If unspecified, this is equal to
2470		CONFIG_SPL_TEXT_BASE (i.e. no relocation is done).
2471
2472		CONFIG_SPL_BSS_START_ADDR
2473		Link address for the BSS within the SPL binary.
2474
2475		CONFIG_SPL_BSS_MAX_SIZE
2476		Maximum size in memory allocated to the SPL BSS.
2477		When defined, the linker checks that the actual memory used
2478		by SPL from __bss_start to __bss_end does not exceed it.
2479		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_FOOTPRINT and CONFIG_SPL_BSS_MAX_SIZE
2480		must not be both defined at the same time.
2481
2482		CONFIG_SPL_STACK
2483		Adress of the start of the stack SPL will use
2484
2485		CONFIG_SPL_PANIC_ON_RAW_IMAGE
2486		When defined, SPL will panic() if the image it has
2487		loaded does not have a signature.
2488		Defining this is useful when code which loads images
2489		in SPL cannot guarantee that absolutely all read errors
2490		will be caught.
2491		An example is the LPC32XX MLC NAND driver, which will
2492		consider that a completely unreadable NAND block is bad,
2493		and thus should be skipped silently.
2494
2495		CONFIG_SPL_RELOC_STACK
2496		Adress of the start of the stack SPL will use after
2497		relocation.  If unspecified, this is equal to
2498		CONFIG_SPL_STACK.
2499
2500		CONFIG_SYS_SPL_MALLOC_START
2501		Starting address of the malloc pool used in SPL.
2502		When this option is set the full malloc is used in SPL and
2503		it is set up by spl_init() and before that, the simple malloc()
2504		can be used if CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_F is defined.
2505
2506		CONFIG_SYS_SPL_MALLOC_SIZE
2507		The size of the malloc pool used in SPL.
2508
2509		CONFIG_SPL_OS_BOOT
2510		Enable booting directly to an OS from SPL.
2511		See also: doc/README.falcon
2512
2513		CONFIG_SPL_DISPLAY_PRINT
2514		For ARM, enable an optional function to print more information
2515		about the running system.
2516
2517		CONFIG_SPL_INIT_MINIMAL
2518		Arch init code should be built for a very small image
2519
2520		CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_U_BOOT_PARTITION
2521		Partition on the MMC to load U-Boot from when the MMC is being
2522		used in raw mode
2523
2524		CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_KERNEL_SECTOR
2525		Sector to load kernel uImage from when MMC is being
2526		used in raw mode (for Falcon mode)
2527
2528		CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_ARGS_SECTOR,
2529		CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_ARGS_SECTORS
2530		Sector and number of sectors to load kernel argument
2531		parameters from when MMC is being used in raw mode
2532		(for falcon mode)
2533
2534		CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_FS_BOOT_PARTITION
2535		Partition on the MMC to load U-Boot from when the MMC is being
2536		used in fs mode
2537
2538		CONFIG_SPL_FS_LOAD_PAYLOAD_NAME
2539		Filename to read to load U-Boot when reading from filesystem
2540
2541		CONFIG_SPL_FS_LOAD_KERNEL_NAME
2542		Filename to read to load kernel uImage when reading
2543		from filesystem (for Falcon mode)
2544
2545		CONFIG_SPL_FS_LOAD_ARGS_NAME
2546		Filename to read to load kernel argument parameters
2547		when reading from filesystem (for Falcon mode)
2548
2549		CONFIG_SPL_MPC83XX_WAIT_FOR_NAND
2550		Set this for NAND SPL on PPC mpc83xx targets, so that
2551		start.S waits for the rest of the SPL to load before
2552		continuing (the hardware starts execution after just
2553		loading the first page rather than the full 4K).
2554
2555		CONFIG_SPL_SKIP_RELOCATE
2556		Avoid SPL relocation
2557
2558		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_BASE
2559		Include nand_base.c in the SPL.  Requires
2560		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_DRIVERS.
2561
2562		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_DRIVERS
2563		SPL uses normal NAND drivers, not minimal drivers.
2564
2565		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_IDENT
2566		SPL uses the chip ID list to identify the NAND flash.
2567		Requires CONFIG_SPL_NAND_BASE.
2568
2569		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_ECC
2570		Include standard software ECC in the SPL
2571
2572		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SIMPLE
2573		Support for NAND boot using simple NAND drivers that
2574		expose the cmd_ctrl() interface.
2575
2576		CONFIG_SPL_UBI
2577		Support for a lightweight UBI (fastmap) scanner and
2578		loader
2579
2580		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_RAW_ONLY
2581		Support to boot only raw u-boot.bin images. Use this only
2582		if you need to save space.
2583
2584		CONFIG_SPL_COMMON_INIT_DDR
2585		Set for common ddr init with serial presence detect in
2586		SPL binary.
2587
2588		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_5_ADDR_CYCLE, CONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_COUNT,
2589		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_SIZE, CONFIG_SYS_NAND_OOBSIZE,
2590		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BLOCK_SIZE, CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BAD_BLOCK_POS,
2591		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ECCPOS, CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ECCSIZE,
2592		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ECCBYTES
2593		Defines the size and behavior of the NAND that SPL uses
2594		to read U-Boot
2595
2596		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_BOOT
2597		Add support NAND boot
2598
2599		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_U_BOOT_OFFS
2600		Location in NAND to read U-Boot from
2601
2602		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_U_BOOT_DST
2603		Location in memory to load U-Boot to
2604
2605		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_U_BOOT_SIZE
2606		Size of image to load
2607
2608		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_U_BOOT_START
2609		Entry point in loaded image to jump to
2610
2611		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_HW_ECC_OOBFIRST
2612		Define this if you need to first read the OOB and then the
2613		data. This is used, for example, on davinci platforms.
2614
2615		CONFIG_SPL_RAM_DEVICE
2616		Support for running image already present in ram, in SPL binary
2617
2618		CONFIG_SPL_PAD_TO
2619		Image offset to which the SPL should be padded before appending
2620		the SPL payload. By default, this is defined as
2621		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE, or 0 if CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE is undefined.
2622		CONFIG_SPL_PAD_TO must be either 0, meaning to append the SPL
2623		payload without any padding, or >= CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE.
2624
2625		CONFIG_SPL_TARGET
2626		Final target image containing SPL and payload.  Some SPLs
2627		use an arch-specific makefile fragment instead, for
2628		example if more than one image needs to be produced.
2629
2630		CONFIG_SPL_FIT_PRINT
2631		Printing information about a FIT image adds quite a bit of
2632		code to SPL. So this is normally disabled in SPL. Use this
2633		option to re-enable it. This will affect the output of the
2634		bootm command when booting a FIT image.
2635
2636- TPL framework
2637		CONFIG_TPL
2638		Enable building of TPL globally.
2639
2640		CONFIG_TPL_PAD_TO
2641		Image offset to which the TPL should be padded before appending
2642		the TPL payload. By default, this is defined as
2643		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE, or 0 if CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE is undefined.
2644		CONFIG_SPL_PAD_TO must be either 0, meaning to append the SPL
2645		payload without any padding, or >= CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE.
2646
2647- Interrupt support (PPC):
2648
2649		There are common interrupt_init() and timer_interrupt()
2650		for all PPC archs. interrupt_init() calls interrupt_init_cpu()
2651		for CPU specific initialization. interrupt_init_cpu()
2652		should set decrementer_count to appropriate value. If
2653		CPU resets decrementer automatically after interrupt
2654		(ppc4xx) it should set decrementer_count to zero.
2655		timer_interrupt() calls timer_interrupt_cpu() for CPU
2656		specific handling. If board has watchdog / status_led
2657		/ other_activity_monitor it works automatically from
2658		general timer_interrupt().
2659
2660
2661Board initialization settings:
2662------------------------------
2663
2664During Initialization u-boot calls a number of board specific functions
2665to allow the preparation of board specific prerequisites, e.g. pin setup
2666before drivers are initialized. To enable these callbacks the
2667following configuration macros have to be defined. Currently this is
2668architecture specific, so please check arch/your_architecture/lib/board.c
2669typically in board_init_f() and board_init_r().
2670
2671- CONFIG_BOARD_EARLY_INIT_F: Call board_early_init_f()
2672- CONFIG_BOARD_EARLY_INIT_R: Call board_early_init_r()
2673- CONFIG_BOARD_LATE_INIT: Call board_late_init()
2674- CONFIG_BOARD_POSTCLK_INIT: Call board_postclk_init()
2675
2676Configuration Settings:
2677-----------------------
2678
2679- CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA: Defined automatically if compiled as 64-bit.
2680		Optionally it can be defined to support 64-bit memory commands.
2681
2682- CONFIG_SYS_LONGHELP: Defined when you want long help messages included;
2683		undefine this when you're short of memory.
2684
2685- CONFIG_SYS_HELP_CMD_WIDTH: Defined when you want to override the default
2686		width of the commands listed in the 'help' command output.
2687
2688- CONFIG_SYS_PROMPT:	This is what U-Boot prints on the console to
2689		prompt for user input.
2690
2691- CONFIG_SYS_CBSIZE:	Buffer size for input from the Console
2692
2693- CONFIG_SYS_PBSIZE:	Buffer size for Console output
2694
2695- CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS:	max. Number of arguments accepted for monitor commands
2696
2697- CONFIG_SYS_BARGSIZE: Buffer size for Boot Arguments which are passed to
2698		the application (usually a Linux kernel) when it is
2699		booted
2700
2701- CONFIG_SYS_BAUDRATE_TABLE:
2702		List of legal baudrate settings for this board.
2703
2704- CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_START, CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_END:
2705		Begin and End addresses of the area used by the
2706		simple memory test.
2707
2708- CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_SCRATCH:
2709		Scratch address used by the alternate memory test
2710		You only need to set this if address zero isn't writeable
2711
2712- CONFIG_SYS_MEM_RESERVE_SECURE
2713		Only implemented for ARMv8 for now.
2714		If defined, the size of CONFIG_SYS_MEM_RESERVE_SECURE memory
2715		is substracted from total RAM and won't be reported to OS.
2716		This memory can be used as secure memory. A variable
2717		gd->arch.secure_ram is used to track the location. In systems
2718		the RAM base is not zero, or RAM is divided into banks,
2719		this variable needs to be recalcuated to get the address.
2720
2721- CONFIG_SYS_MEM_TOP_HIDE:
2722		If CONFIG_SYS_MEM_TOP_HIDE is defined in the board config header,
2723		this specified memory area will get subtracted from the top
2724		(end) of RAM and won't get "touched" at all by U-Boot. By
2725		fixing up gd->ram_size the Linux kernel should gets passed
2726		the now "corrected" memory size and won't touch it either.
2727		This should work for arch/ppc and arch/powerpc. Only Linux
2728		board ports in arch/powerpc with bootwrapper support that
2729		recalculate the memory size from the SDRAM controller setup
2730		will have to get fixed in Linux additionally.
2731
2732		This option can be used as a workaround for the 440EPx/GRx
2733		CHIP 11 errata where the last 256 bytes in SDRAM shouldn't
2734		be touched.
2735
2736		WARNING: Please make sure that this value is a multiple of
2737		the Linux page size (normally 4k). If this is not the case,
2738		then the end address of the Linux memory will be located at a
2739		non page size aligned address and this could cause major
2740		problems.
2741
2742- CONFIG_SYS_LOADS_BAUD_CHANGE:
2743		Enable temporary baudrate change while serial download
2744
2745- CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE:
2746		Physical start address of SDRAM. _Must_ be 0 here.
2747
2748- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_BASE:
2749		Physical start address of Flash memory.
2750
2751- CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE:
2752		Physical start address of boot monitor code (set by
2753		make config files to be same as the text base address
2754		(CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE) used when linking) - same as
2755		CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_BASE when booting from flash.
2756
2757- CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_LEN:
2758		Size of memory reserved for monitor code, used to
2759		determine _at_compile_time_ (!) if the environment is
2760		embedded within the U-Boot image, or in a separate
2761		flash sector.
2762
2763- CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN:
2764		Size of DRAM reserved for malloc() use.
2765
2766- CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_F_LEN
2767		Size of the malloc() pool for use before relocation. If
2768		this is defined, then a very simple malloc() implementation
2769		will become available before relocation. The address is just
2770		below the global data, and the stack is moved down to make
2771		space.
2772
2773		This feature allocates regions with increasing addresses
2774		within the region. calloc() is supported, but realloc()
2775		is not available. free() is supported but does nothing.
2776		The memory will be freed (or in fact just forgotten) when
2777		U-Boot relocates itself.
2778
2779- CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_SIMPLE
2780		Provides a simple and small malloc() and calloc() for those
2781		boards which do not use the full malloc in SPL (which is
2782		enabled with CONFIG_SYS_SPL_MALLOC_START).
2783
2784- CONFIG_SYS_NONCACHED_MEMORY:
2785		Size of non-cached memory area. This area of memory will be
2786		typically located right below the malloc() area and mapped
2787		uncached in the MMU. This is useful for drivers that would
2788		otherwise require a lot of explicit cache maintenance. For
2789		some drivers it's also impossible to properly maintain the
2790		cache. For example if the regions that need to be flushed
2791		are not a multiple of the cache-line size, *and* padding
2792		cannot be allocated between the regions to align them (i.e.
2793		if the HW requires a contiguous array of regions, and the
2794		size of each region is not cache-aligned), then a flush of
2795		one region may result in overwriting data that hardware has
2796		written to another region in the same cache-line. This can
2797		happen for example in network drivers where descriptors for
2798		buffers are typically smaller than the CPU cache-line (e.g.
2799		16 bytes vs. 32 or 64 bytes).
2800
2801		Non-cached memory is only supported on 32-bit ARM at present.
2802
2803- CONFIG_SYS_BOOTM_LEN:
2804		Normally compressed uImages are limited to an
2805		uncompressed size of 8 MBytes. If this is not enough,
2806		you can define CONFIG_SYS_BOOTM_LEN in your board config file
2807		to adjust this setting to your needs.
2808
2809- CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ:
2810		Maximum size of memory mapped by the startup code of
2811		the Linux kernel; all data that must be processed by
2812		the Linux kernel (bd_info, boot arguments, FDT blob if
2813		used) must be put below this limit, unless "bootm_low"
2814		environment variable is defined and non-zero. In such case
2815		all data for the Linux kernel must be between "bootm_low"
2816		and "bootm_low" + CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ.	 The environment
2817		variable "bootm_mapsize" will override the value of
2818		CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ.  If CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ is undefined,
2819		then the value in "bootm_size" will be used instead.
2820
2821- CONFIG_SYS_BOOT_RAMDISK_HIGH:
2822		Enable initrd_high functionality.  If defined then the
2823		initrd_high feature is enabled and the bootm ramdisk subcommand
2824		is enabled.
2825
2826- CONFIG_SYS_BOOT_GET_CMDLINE:
2827		Enables allocating and saving kernel cmdline in space between
2828		"bootm_low" and "bootm_low" + BOOTMAPSZ.
2829
2830- CONFIG_SYS_BOOT_GET_KBD:
2831		Enables allocating and saving a kernel copy of the bd_info in
2832		space between "bootm_low" and "bootm_low" + BOOTMAPSZ.
2833
2834- CONFIG_SYS_MAX_FLASH_BANKS:
2835		Max number of Flash memory banks
2836
2837- CONFIG_SYS_MAX_FLASH_SECT:
2838		Max number of sectors on a Flash chip
2839
2840- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT:
2841		Timeout for Flash erase operations (in ms)
2842
2843- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT:
2844		Timeout for Flash write operations (in ms)
2845
2846- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_LOCK_TOUT
2847		Timeout for Flash set sector lock bit operation (in ms)
2848
2849- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_UNLOCK_TOUT
2850		Timeout for Flash clear lock bits operation (in ms)
2851
2852- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_PROTECTION
2853		If defined, hardware flash sectors protection is used
2854		instead of U-Boot software protection.
2855
2856- CONFIG_SYS_DIRECT_FLASH_TFTP:
2857
2858		Enable TFTP transfers directly to flash memory;
2859		without this option such a download has to be
2860		performed in two steps: (1) download to RAM, and (2)
2861		copy from RAM to flash.
2862
2863		The two-step approach is usually more reliable, since
2864		you can check if the download worked before you erase
2865		the flash, but in some situations (when system RAM is
2866		too limited to allow for a temporary copy of the
2867		downloaded image) this option may be very useful.
2868
2869- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_CFI:
2870		Define if the flash driver uses extra elements in the
2871		common flash structure for storing flash geometry.
2872
2873- CONFIG_FLASH_CFI_DRIVER
2874		This option also enables the building of the cfi_flash driver
2875		in the drivers directory
2876
2877- CONFIG_FLASH_CFI_MTD
2878		This option enables the building of the cfi_mtd driver
2879		in the drivers directory. The driver exports CFI flash
2880		to the MTD layer.
2881
2882- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_USE_BUFFER_WRITE
2883		Use buffered writes to flash.
2884
2885- CONFIG_FLASH_SPANSION_S29WS_N
2886		s29ws-n MirrorBit flash has non-standard addresses for buffered
2887		write commands.
2888
2889- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_QUIET_TEST
2890		If this option is defined, the common CFI flash doesn't
2891		print it's warning upon not recognized FLASH banks. This
2892		is useful, if some of the configured banks are only
2893		optionally available.
2894
2895- CONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS
2896		If defined (must be an integer), print out countdown
2897		digits and dots.  Recommended value: 45 (9..1) for 80
2898		column displays, 15 (3..1) for 40 column displays.
2899
2900- CONFIG_FLASH_VERIFY
2901		If defined, the content of the flash (destination) is compared
2902		against the source after the write operation. An error message
2903		will be printed when the contents are not identical.
2904		Please note that this option is useless in nearly all cases,
2905		since such flash programming errors usually are detected earlier
2906		while unprotecting/erasing/programming. Please only enable
2907		this option if you really know what you are doing.
2908
2909- CONFIG_SYS_RX_ETH_BUFFER:
2910		Defines the number of Ethernet receive buffers. On some
2911		Ethernet controllers it is recommended to set this value
2912		to 8 or even higher (EEPRO100 or 405 EMAC), since all
2913		buffers can be full shortly after enabling the interface
2914		on high Ethernet traffic.
2915		Defaults to 4 if not defined.
2916
2917- CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES
2918
2919	Maximum number of entries in the hash table that is used
2920	internally to store the environment settings. The default
2921	setting is supposed to be generous and should work in most
2922	cases. This setting can be used to tune behaviour; see
2923	lib/hashtable.c for details.
2924
2925- CONFIG_ENV_FLAGS_LIST_DEFAULT
2926- CONFIG_ENV_FLAGS_LIST_STATIC
2927	Enable validation of the values given to environment variables when
2928	calling env set.  Variables can be restricted to only decimal,
2929	hexadecimal, or boolean.  If CONFIG_CMD_NET is also defined,
2930	the variables can also be restricted to IP address or MAC address.
2931
2932	The format of the list is:
2933		type_attribute = [s|d|x|b|i|m]
2934		access_attribute = [a|r|o|c]
2935		attributes = type_attribute[access_attribute]
2936		entry = variable_name[:attributes]
2937		list = entry[,list]
2938
2939	The type attributes are:
2940		s - String (default)
2941		d - Decimal
2942		x - Hexadecimal
2943		b - Boolean ([1yYtT|0nNfF])
2944		i - IP address
2945		m - MAC address
2946
2947	The access attributes are:
2948		a - Any (default)
2949		r - Read-only
2950		o - Write-once
2951		c - Change-default
2952
2953	- CONFIG_ENV_FLAGS_LIST_DEFAULT
2954		Define this to a list (string) to define the ".flags"
2955		environment variable in the default or embedded environment.
2956
2957	- CONFIG_ENV_FLAGS_LIST_STATIC
2958		Define this to a list (string) to define validation that
2959		should be done if an entry is not found in the ".flags"
2960		environment variable.  To override a setting in the static
2961		list, simply add an entry for the same variable name to the
2962		".flags" variable.
2963
2964	If CONFIG_REGEX is defined, the variable_name above is evaluated as a
2965	regular expression. This allows multiple variables to define the same
2966	flags without explicitly listing them for each variable.
2967
2968- CONFIG_ENV_ACCESS_IGNORE_FORCE
2969	If defined, don't allow the -f switch to env set override variable
2970	access flags.
2971
2972The following definitions that deal with the placement and management
2973of environment data (variable area); in general, we support the
2974following configurations:
2975
2976- CONFIG_BUILD_ENVCRC:
2977
2978	Builds up envcrc with the target environment so that external utils
2979	may easily extract it and embed it in final U-Boot images.
2980
2981BE CAREFUL! The first access to the environment happens quite early
2982in U-Boot initialization (when we try to get the setting of for the
2983console baudrate). You *MUST* have mapped your NVRAM area then, or
2984U-Boot will hang.
2985
2986Please note that even with NVRAM we still use a copy of the
2987environment in RAM: we could work on NVRAM directly, but we want to
2988keep settings there always unmodified except somebody uses "saveenv"
2989to save the current settings.
2990
2991BE CAREFUL! For some special cases, the local device can not use
2992"saveenv" command. For example, the local device will get the
2993environment stored in a remote NOR flash by SRIO or PCIE link,
2994but it can not erase, write this NOR flash by SRIO or PCIE interface.
2995
2996- CONFIG_NAND_ENV_DST
2997
2998	Defines address in RAM to which the nand_spl code should copy the
2999	environment. If redundant environment is used, it will be copied to
3000	CONFIG_NAND_ENV_DST + CONFIG_ENV_SIZE.
3001
3002Please note that the environment is read-only until the monitor
3003has been relocated to RAM and a RAM copy of the environment has been
3004created; also, when using EEPROM you will have to use env_get_f()
3005until then to read environment variables.
3006
3007The environment is protected by a CRC32 checksum. Before the monitor
3008is relocated into RAM, as a result of a bad CRC you will be working
3009with the compiled-in default environment - *silently*!!! [This is
3010necessary, because the first environment variable we need is the
3011"baudrate" setting for the console - if we have a bad CRC, we don't
3012have any device yet where we could complain.]
3013
3014Note: once the monitor has been relocated, then it will complain if
3015the default environment is used; a new CRC is computed as soon as you
3016use the "saveenv" command to store a valid environment.
3017
3018- CONFIG_SYS_FAULT_ECHO_LINK_DOWN:
3019		Echo the inverted Ethernet link state to the fault LED.
3020
3021		Note: If this option is active, then CONFIG_SYS_FAULT_MII_ADDR
3022		      also needs to be defined.
3023
3024- CONFIG_SYS_FAULT_MII_ADDR:
3025		MII address of the PHY to check for the Ethernet link state.
3026
3027- CONFIG_NS16550_MIN_FUNCTIONS:
3028		Define this if you desire to only have use of the NS16550_init
3029		and NS16550_putc functions for the serial driver located at
3030		drivers/serial/ns16550.c.  This option is useful for saving
3031		space for already greatly restricted images, including but not
3032		limited to NAND_SPL configurations.
3033
3034- CONFIG_DISPLAY_BOARDINFO
3035		Display information about the board that U-Boot is running on
3036		when U-Boot starts up. The board function checkboard() is called
3037		to do this.
3038
3039- CONFIG_DISPLAY_BOARDINFO_LATE
3040		Similar to the previous option, but display this information
3041		later, once stdio is running and output goes to the LCD, if
3042		present.
3043
3044- CONFIG_BOARD_SIZE_LIMIT:
3045		Maximum size of the U-Boot image. When defined, the
3046		build system checks that the actual size does not
3047		exceed it.
3048
3049Low Level (hardware related) configuration options:
3050---------------------------------------------------
3051
3052- CONFIG_SYS_CACHELINE_SIZE:
3053		Cache Line Size of the CPU.
3054
3055- CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_DEFAULT:
3056		Default (power-on reset) physical address of CCSR on Freescale
3057		PowerPC SOCs.
3058
3059- CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR:
3060		Virtual address of CCSR.  On a 32-bit build, this is typically
3061		the same value as CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_DEFAULT.
3062
3063- CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS:
3064		Physical address of CCSR.  CCSR can be relocated to a new
3065		physical address, if desired.  In this case, this macro should
3066		be set to that address.	 Otherwise, it should be set to the
3067		same value as CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_DEFAULT.  For example, CCSR
3068		is typically relocated on 36-bit builds.  It is recommended
3069		that this macro be defined via the _HIGH and _LOW macros:
3070
3071		#define CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS ((CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS_HIGH
3072			* 1ull) << 32 | CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS_LOW)
3073
3074- CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS_HIGH:
3075		Bits 33-36 of CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS.	This value is typically
3076		either 0 (32-bit build) or 0xF (36-bit build).	This macro is
3077		used in assembly code, so it must not contain typecasts or
3078		integer size suffixes (e.g. "ULL").
3079
3080- CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS_LOW:
3081		Lower 32-bits of CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS.  This macro is
3082		used in assembly code, so it must not contain typecasts or
3083		integer size suffixes (e.g. "ULL").
3084
3085- CONFIG_SYS_CCSR_DO_NOT_RELOCATE:
3086		If this macro is defined, then CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS will be
3087		forced to a value that ensures that CCSR is not relocated.
3088
3089- Floppy Disk Support:
3090		CONFIG_SYS_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER
3091
3092		the default drive number (default value 0)
3093
3094		CONFIG_SYS_ISA_IO_STRIDE
3095
3096		defines the spacing between FDC chipset registers
3097		(default value 1)
3098
3099		CONFIG_SYS_ISA_IO_OFFSET
3100
3101		defines the offset of register from address. It
3102		depends on which part of the data bus is connected to
3103		the FDC chipset. (default value 0)
3104
3105		If CONFIG_SYS_ISA_IO_STRIDE CONFIG_SYS_ISA_IO_OFFSET and
3106		CONFIG_SYS_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER are undefined, they take their
3107		default value.
3108
3109		if CONFIG_SYS_FDC_HW_INIT is defined, then the function
3110		fdc_hw_init() is called at the beginning of the FDC
3111		setup. fdc_hw_init() must be provided by the board
3112		source code. It is used to make hardware-dependent
3113		initializations.
3114
3115- CONFIG_IDE_AHB:
3116		Most IDE controllers were designed to be connected with PCI
3117		interface. Only few of them were designed for AHB interface.
3118		When software is doing ATA command and data transfer to
3119		IDE devices through IDE-AHB controller, some additional
3120		registers accessing to these kind of IDE-AHB controller
3121		is required.
3122
3123- CONFIG_SYS_IMMR:	Physical address of the Internal Memory.
3124		DO NOT CHANGE unless you know exactly what you're
3125		doing! (11-4) [MPC8xx systems only]
3126
3127- CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR:
3128
3129		Start address of memory area that can be used for
3130		initial data and stack; please note that this must be
3131		writable memory that is working WITHOUT special
3132		initialization, i. e. you CANNOT use normal RAM which
3133		will become available only after programming the
3134		memory controller and running certain initialization
3135		sequences.
3136
3137		U-Boot uses the following memory types:
3138		- MPC8xx: IMMR (internal memory of the CPU)
3139
3140- CONFIG_SYS_GBL_DATA_OFFSET:
3141
3142		Offset of the initial data structure in the memory
3143		area defined by CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR. Usually
3144		CONFIG_SYS_GBL_DATA_OFFSET is chosen such that the initial
3145		data is located at the end of the available space
3146		(sometimes written as (CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_SIZE -
3147		GENERATED_GBL_DATA_SIZE), and the initial stack is just
3148		below that area (growing from (CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR +
3149		CONFIG_SYS_GBL_DATA_OFFSET) downward.
3150
3151	Note:
3152		On the MPC824X (or other systems that use the data
3153		cache for initial memory) the address chosen for
3154		CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR is basically arbitrary - it must
3155		point to an otherwise UNUSED address space between
3156		the top of RAM and the start of the PCI space.
3157
3158- CONFIG_SYS_SCCR:	System Clock and reset Control Register (15-27)
3159
3160- CONFIG_SYS_OR_TIMING_SDRAM:
3161		SDRAM timing
3162
3163- CONFIG_SYS_MAMR_PTA:
3164		periodic timer for refresh
3165
3166- FLASH_BASE0_PRELIM, FLASH_BASE1_PRELIM, CONFIG_SYS_REMAP_OR_AM,
3167  CONFIG_SYS_PRELIM_OR_AM, CONFIG_SYS_OR_TIMING_FLASH, CONFIG_SYS_OR0_REMAP,
3168  CONFIG_SYS_OR0_PRELIM, CONFIG_SYS_BR0_PRELIM, CONFIG_SYS_OR1_REMAP, CONFIG_SYS_OR1_PRELIM,
3169  CONFIG_SYS_BR1_PRELIM:
3170		Memory Controller Definitions: BR0/1 and OR0/1 (FLASH)
3171
3172- SDRAM_BASE2_PRELIM, SDRAM_BASE3_PRELIM, SDRAM_MAX_SIZE,
3173  CONFIG_SYS_OR_TIMING_SDRAM, CONFIG_SYS_OR2_PRELIM, CONFIG_SYS_BR2_PRELIM,
3174  CONFIG_SYS_OR3_PRELIM, CONFIG_SYS_BR3_PRELIM:
3175		Memory Controller Definitions: BR2/3 and OR2/3 (SDRAM)
3176
3177- CONFIG_PCI_ENUM_ONLY
3178		Only scan through and get the devices on the buses.
3179		Don't do any setup work, presumably because someone or
3180		something has already done it, and we don't need to do it
3181		a second time.	Useful for platforms that are pre-booted
3182		by coreboot or similar.
3183
3184- CONFIG_PCI_INDIRECT_BRIDGE:
3185		Enable support for indirect PCI bridges.
3186
3187- CONFIG_SYS_SRIO:
3188		Chip has SRIO or not
3189
3190- CONFIG_SRIO1:
3191		Board has SRIO 1 port available
3192
3193- CONFIG_SRIO2:
3194		Board has SRIO 2 port available
3195
3196- CONFIG_SRIO_PCIE_BOOT_MASTER
3197		Board can support master function for Boot from SRIO and PCIE
3198
3199- CONFIG_SYS_SRIOn_MEM_VIRT:
3200		Virtual Address of SRIO port 'n' memory region
3201
3202- CONFIG_SYS_SRIOn_MEM_PHYS:
3203		Physical Address of SRIO port 'n' memory region
3204
3205- CONFIG_SYS_SRIOn_MEM_SIZE:
3206		Size of SRIO port 'n' memory region
3207
3208- CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BUSWIDTH_16BIT
3209		Defined to tell the NAND controller that the NAND chip is using
3210		a 16 bit bus.
3211		Not all NAND drivers use this symbol.
3212		Example of drivers that use it:
3213		- drivers/mtd/nand/raw/ndfc.c
3214		- drivers/mtd/nand/raw/mxc_nand.c
3215
3216- CONFIG_SYS_NDFC_EBC0_CFG
3217		Sets the EBC0_CFG register for the NDFC. If not defined
3218		a default value will be used.
3219
3220- CONFIG_SPD_EEPROM
3221		Get DDR timing information from an I2C EEPROM. Common
3222		with pluggable memory modules such as SODIMMs
3223
3224  SPD_EEPROM_ADDRESS
3225		I2C address of the SPD EEPROM
3226
3227- CONFIG_SYS_SPD_BUS_NUM
3228		If SPD EEPROM is on an I2C bus other than the first
3229		one, specify here. Note that the value must resolve
3230		to something your driver can deal with.
3231
3232- CONFIG_SYS_DDR_RAW_TIMING
3233		Get DDR timing information from other than SPD. Common with
3234		soldered DDR chips onboard without SPD. DDR raw timing
3235		parameters are extracted from datasheet and hard-coded into
3236		header files or board specific files.
3237
3238- CONFIG_FSL_DDR_INTERACTIVE
3239		Enable interactive DDR debugging. See doc/README.fsl-ddr.
3240
3241- CONFIG_FSL_DDR_SYNC_REFRESH
3242		Enable sync of refresh for multiple controllers.
3243
3244- CONFIG_FSL_DDR_BIST
3245		Enable built-in memory test for Freescale DDR controllers.
3246
3247- CONFIG_SYS_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
3248		Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should
3249		be configured using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
3250
3251- CONFIG_RMII
3252		Enable RMII mode for all FECs.
3253		Note that this is a global option, we can't
3254		have one FEC in standard MII mode and another in RMII mode.
3255
3256- CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY
3257		Add a verify option to the crc32 command.
3258		The syntax is:
3259
3260		=> crc32 -v <address> <count> <crc32>
3261
3262		Where address/count indicate a memory area
3263		and crc32 is the correct crc32 which the
3264		area should have.
3265
3266- CONFIG_LOOPW
3267		Add the "loopw" memory command. This only takes effect if
3268		the memory commands are activated globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEMORY).
3269
3270- CONFIG_MX_CYCLIC
3271		Add the "mdc" and "mwc" memory commands. These are cyclic
3272		"md/mw" commands.
3273		Examples:
3274
3275		=> mdc.b 10 4 500
3276		This command will print 4 bytes (10,11,12,13) each 500 ms.
3277
3278		=> mwc.l 100 12345678 10
3279		This command will write 12345678 to address 100 all 10 ms.
3280
3281		This only takes effect if the memory commands are activated
3282		globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEMORY).
3283
3284- CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
3285		[ARM, NDS32, MIPS, RISC-V only] If this variable is defined, then certain
3286		low level initializations (like setting up the memory
3287		controller) are omitted and/or U-Boot does not
3288		relocate itself into RAM.
3289
3290		Normally this variable MUST NOT be defined. The only
3291		exception is when U-Boot is loaded (to RAM) by some
3292		other boot loader or by a debugger which performs
3293		these initializations itself.
3294
3295- CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT_ONLY
3296		[ARM926EJ-S only] This allows just the call to lowlevel_init()
3297		to be skipped. The normal CP15 init (such as enabling the
3298		instruction cache) is still performed.
3299
3300- CONFIG_SPL_BUILD
3301		Modifies the behaviour of start.S when compiling a loader
3302		that is executed before the actual U-Boot. E.g. when
3303		compiling a NAND SPL.
3304
3305- CONFIG_TPL_BUILD
3306		Modifies the behaviour of start.S  when compiling a loader
3307		that is executed after the SPL and before the actual U-Boot.
3308		It is loaded by the SPL.
3309
3310- CONFIG_SYS_MPC85XX_NO_RESETVEC
3311		Only for 85xx systems. If this variable is specified, the section
3312		.resetvec is not kept and the section .bootpg is placed in the
3313		previous 4k of the .text section.
3314
3315- CONFIG_ARCH_MAP_SYSMEM
3316		Generally U-Boot (and in particular the md command) uses
3317		effective address. It is therefore not necessary to regard
3318		U-Boot address as virtual addresses that need to be translated
3319		to physical addresses. However, sandbox requires this, since
3320		it maintains its own little RAM buffer which contains all
3321		addressable memory. This option causes some memory accesses
3322		to be mapped through map_sysmem() / unmap_sysmem().
3323
3324- CONFIG_X86_RESET_VECTOR
3325		If defined, the x86 reset vector code is included. This is not
3326		needed when U-Boot is running from Coreboot.
3327
3328- CONFIG_SYS_NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE
3329		Option to disable subpage write in NAND driver
3330		driver that uses this:
3331		drivers/mtd/nand/raw/davinci_nand.c
3332
3333Freescale QE/FMAN Firmware Support:
3334-----------------------------------
3335
3336The Freescale QUICCEngine (QE) and Frame Manager (FMAN) both support the
3337loading of "firmware", which is encoded in the QE firmware binary format.
3338This firmware often needs to be loaded during U-Boot booting, so macros
3339are used to identify the storage device (NOR flash, SPI, etc) and the address
3340within that device.
3341
3342- CONFIG_SYS_FMAN_FW_ADDR
3343	The address in the storage device where the FMAN microcode is located.  The
3344	meaning of this address depends on which CONFIG_SYS_QE_FW_IN_xxx macro
3345	is also specified.
3346
3347- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FW_ADDR
3348	The address in the storage device where the QE microcode is located.  The
3349	meaning of this address depends on which CONFIG_SYS_QE_FW_IN_xxx macro
3350	is also specified.
3351
3352- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FMAN_FW_LENGTH
3353	The maximum possible size of the firmware.  The firmware binary format
3354	has a field that specifies the actual size of the firmware, but it
3355	might not be possible to read any part of the firmware unless some
3356	local storage is allocated to hold the entire firmware first.
3357
3358- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FMAN_FW_IN_NOR
3359	Specifies that QE/FMAN firmware is located in NOR flash, mapped as
3360	normal addressable memory via the LBC.  CONFIG_SYS_FMAN_FW_ADDR is the
3361	virtual address in NOR flash.
3362
3363- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FMAN_FW_IN_NAND
3364	Specifies that QE/FMAN firmware is located in NAND flash.
3365	CONFIG_SYS_FMAN_FW_ADDR is the offset within NAND flash.
3366
3367- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FMAN_FW_IN_MMC
3368	Specifies that QE/FMAN firmware is located on the primary SD/MMC
3369	device.  CONFIG_SYS_FMAN_FW_ADDR is the byte offset on that device.
3370
3371- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FMAN_FW_IN_REMOTE
3372	Specifies that QE/FMAN firmware is located in the remote (master)
3373	memory space.	CONFIG_SYS_FMAN_FW_ADDR is a virtual address which
3374	can be mapped from slave TLB->slave LAW->slave SRIO or PCIE outbound
3375	window->master inbound window->master LAW->the ucode address in
3376	master's memory space.
3377
3378Freescale Layerscape Management Complex Firmware Support:
3379---------------------------------------------------------
3380The Freescale Layerscape Management Complex (MC) supports the loading of
3381"firmware".
3382This firmware often needs to be loaded during U-Boot booting, so macros
3383are used to identify the storage device (NOR flash, SPI, etc) and the address
3384within that device.
3385
3386- CONFIG_FSL_MC_ENET
3387	Enable the MC driver for Layerscape SoCs.
3388
3389Freescale Layerscape Debug Server Support:
3390-------------------------------------------
3391The Freescale Layerscape Debug Server Support supports the loading of
3392"Debug Server firmware" and triggering SP boot-rom.
3393This firmware often needs to be loaded during U-Boot booting.
3394
3395- CONFIG_SYS_MC_RSV_MEM_ALIGN
3396	Define alignment of reserved memory MC requires
3397
3398Reproducible builds
3399-------------------
3400
3401In order to achieve reproducible builds, timestamps used in the U-Boot build
3402process have to be set to a fixed value.
3403
3404This is done using the SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH environment variable.
3405SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH is to be set on the build host's shell, not as a configuration
3406option for U-Boot or an environment variable in U-Boot.
3407
3408SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH should be set to a number of seconds since the epoch, in UTC.
3409
3410Building the Software:
3411======================
3412
3413Building U-Boot has been tested in several native build environments
3414and in many different cross environments. Of course we cannot support
3415all possibly existing versions of cross development tools in all
3416(potentially obsolete) versions. In case of tool chain problems we
3417recommend to use the ELDK (see http://www.denx.de/wiki/DULG/ELDK)
3418which is extensively used to build and test U-Boot.
3419
3420If you are not using a native environment, it is assumed that you
3421have GNU cross compiling tools available in your path. In this case,
3422you must set the environment variable CROSS_COMPILE in your shell.
3423Note that no changes to the Makefile or any other source files are
3424necessary. For example using the ELDK on a 4xx CPU, please enter:
3425
3426	$ CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_4xx-
3427	$ export CROSS_COMPILE
3428
3429Note: If you wish to generate Windows versions of the utilities in
3430      the tools directory you can use the MinGW toolchain
3431      (http://www.mingw.org).  Set your HOST tools to the MinGW
3432      toolchain and execute 'make tools'.  For example:
3433
3434       $ make HOSTCC=i586-mingw32msvc-gcc HOSTSTRIP=i586-mingw32msvc-strip tools
3435
3436      Binaries such as tools/mkimage.exe will be created which can
3437      be executed on computers running Windows.
3438
3439U-Boot is intended to be simple to build. After installing the
3440sources you must configure U-Boot for one specific board type. This
3441is done by typing:
3442
3443	make NAME_defconfig
3444
3445where "NAME_defconfig" is the name of one of the existing configu-
3446rations; see boards.cfg for supported names.
3447
3448Note: for some board special configuration names may exist; check if
3449      additional information is available from the board vendor; for
3450      instance, the TQM823L systems are available without (standard)
3451      or with LCD support. You can select such additional "features"
3452      when choosing the configuration, i. e.
3453
3454      make TQM823L_defconfig
3455	- will configure for a plain TQM823L, i. e. no LCD support
3456
3457      make TQM823L_LCD_defconfig
3458	- will configure for a TQM823L with U-Boot console on LCD
3459
3460      etc.
3461
3462
3463Finally, type "make all", and you should get some working U-Boot
3464images ready for download to / installation on your system:
3465
3466- "u-boot.bin" is a raw binary image
3467- "u-boot" is an image in ELF binary format
3468- "u-boot.srec" is in Motorola S-Record format
3469
3470By default the build is performed locally and the objects are saved
3471in the source directory. One of the two methods can be used to change
3472this behavior and build U-Boot to some external directory:
3473
34741. Add O= to the make command line invocations:
3475
3476	make O=/tmp/build distclean
3477	make O=/tmp/build NAME_defconfig
3478	make O=/tmp/build all
3479
34802. Set environment variable KBUILD_OUTPUT to point to the desired location:
3481
3482	export KBUILD_OUTPUT=/tmp/build
3483	make distclean
3484	make NAME_defconfig
3485	make all
3486
3487Note that the command line "O=" setting overrides the KBUILD_OUTPUT environment
3488variable.
3489
3490User specific CPPFLAGS, AFLAGS and CFLAGS can be passed to the compiler by
3491setting the according environment variables KCPPFLAGS, KAFLAGS and KCFLAGS.
3492For example to treat all compiler warnings as errors:
3493
3494	make KCFLAGS=-Werror
3495
3496Please be aware that the Makefiles assume you are using GNU make, so
3497for instance on NetBSD you might need to use "gmake" instead of
3498native "make".
3499
3500
3501If the system board that you have is not listed, then you will need
3502to port U-Boot to your hardware platform. To do this, follow these
3503steps:
3504
35051.  Create a new directory to hold your board specific code. Add any
3506    files you need. In your board directory, you will need at least
3507    the "Makefile" and a "<board>.c".
35082.  Create a new configuration file "include/configs/<board>.h" for
3509    your board.
35103.  If you're porting U-Boot to a new CPU, then also create a new
3511    directory to hold your CPU specific code. Add any files you need.
35124.  Run "make <board>_defconfig" with your new name.
35135.  Type "make", and you should get a working "u-boot.srec" file
3514    to be installed on your target system.
35156.  Debug and solve any problems that might arise.
3516    [Of course, this last step is much harder than it sounds.]
3517
3518
3519Testing of U-Boot Modifications, Ports to New Hardware, etc.:
3520==============================================================
3521
3522If you have modified U-Boot sources (for instance added a new board
3523or support for new devices, a new CPU, etc.) you are expected to
3524provide feedback to the other developers. The feedback normally takes
3525the form of a "patch", i. e. a context diff against a certain (latest
3526official or latest in the git repository) version of U-Boot sources.
3527
3528But before you submit such a patch, please verify that your modifi-
3529cation did not break existing code. At least make sure that *ALL* of
3530the supported boards compile WITHOUT ANY compiler warnings. To do so,
3531just run the buildman script (tools/buildman/buildman), which will
3532configure and build U-Boot for ALL supported system. Be warned, this
3533will take a while. Please see the buildman README, or run 'buildman -H'
3534for documentation.
3535
3536
3537See also "U-Boot Porting Guide" below.
3538
3539
3540Monitor Commands - Overview:
3541============================
3542
3543go	- start application at address 'addr'
3544run	- run commands in an environment variable
3545bootm	- boot application image from memory
3546bootp	- boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
3547bootz   - boot zImage from memory
3548tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
3549	       and env variables "ipaddr" and "serverip"
3550	       (and eventually "gatewayip")
3551tftpput - upload a file via network using TFTP protocol
3552rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
3553diskboot- boot from IDE devicebootd   - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
3554loads	- load S-Record file over serial line
3555loadb	- load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
3556md	- memory display
3557mm	- memory modify (auto-incrementing)
3558nm	- memory modify (constant address)
3559mw	- memory write (fill)
3560cp	- memory copy
3561cmp	- memory compare
3562crc32	- checksum calculation
3563i2c	- I2C sub-system
3564sspi	- SPI utility commands
3565base	- print or set address offset
3566printenv- print environment variables
3567setenv	- set environment variables
3568saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
3569protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection
3570erase	- erase FLASH memory
3571flinfo	- print FLASH memory information
3572nand	- NAND memory operations (see doc/README.nand)
3573bdinfo	- print Board Info structure
3574iminfo	- print header information for application image
3575coninfo - print console devices and informations
3576ide	- IDE sub-system
3577loop	- infinite loop on address range
3578loopw	- infinite write loop on address range
3579mtest	- simple RAM test
3580icache	- enable or disable instruction cache
3581dcache	- enable or disable data cache
3582reset	- Perform RESET of the CPU
3583echo	- echo args to console
3584version - print monitor version
3585help	- print online help
3586?	- alias for 'help'
3587
3588
3589Monitor Commands - Detailed Description:
3590========================================
3591
3592TODO.
3593
3594For now: just type "help <command>".
3595
3596
3597Environment Variables:
3598======================
3599
3600U-Boot supports user configuration using Environment Variables which
3601can be made persistent by saving to Flash memory.
3602
3603Environment Variables are set using "setenv", printed using
3604"printenv", and saved to Flash using "saveenv". Using "setenv"
3605without a value can be used to delete a variable from the
3606environment. As long as you don't save the environment you are
3607working with an in-memory copy. In case the Flash area containing the
3608environment is erased by accident, a default environment is provided.
3609
3610Some configuration options can be set using Environment Variables.
3611
3612List of environment variables (most likely not complete):
3613
3614  baudrate	- see CONFIG_BAUDRATE
3615
3616  bootdelay	- see CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
3617
3618  bootcmd	- see CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
3619
3620  bootargs	- Boot arguments when booting an RTOS image
3621
3622  bootfile	- Name of the image to load with TFTP
3623
3624  bootm_low	- Memory range available for image processing in the bootm
3625		  command can be restricted. This variable is given as
3626		  a hexadecimal number and defines lowest address allowed
3627		  for use by the bootm command. See also "bootm_size"
3628		  environment variable. Address defined by "bootm_low" is
3629		  also the base of the initial memory mapping for the Linux
3630		  kernel -- see the description of CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ and
3631		  bootm_mapsize.
3632
3633  bootm_mapsize - Size of the initial memory mapping for the Linux kernel.
3634		  This variable is given as a hexadecimal number and it
3635		  defines the size of the memory region starting at base
3636		  address bootm_low that is accessible by the Linux kernel
3637		  during early boot.  If unset, CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ is used
3638		  as the default value if it is defined, and bootm_size is
3639		  used otherwise.
3640
3641  bootm_size	- Memory range available for image processing in the bootm
3642		  command can be restricted. This variable is given as
3643		  a hexadecimal number and defines the size of the region
3644		  allowed for use by the bootm command. See also "bootm_low"
3645		  environment variable.
3646
3647  updatefile	- Location of the software update file on a TFTP server, used
3648		  by the automatic software update feature. Please refer to
3649		  documentation in doc/README.update for more details.
3650
3651  autoload	- if set to "no" (any string beginning with 'n'),
3652		  "bootp" will just load perform a lookup of the
3653		  configuration from the BOOTP server, but not try to
3654		  load any image using TFTP
3655
3656  autostart	- if set to "yes", an image loaded using the "bootp",
3657		  "rarpboot", "tftpboot" or "diskboot" commands will
3658		  be automatically started (by internally calling
3659		  "bootm")
3660
3661		  If set to "no", a standalone image passed to the
3662		  "bootm" command will be copied to the load address
3663		  (and eventually uncompressed), but NOT be started.
3664		  This can be used to load and uncompress arbitrary
3665		  data.
3666
3667  fdt_high	- if set this restricts the maximum address that the
3668		  flattened device tree will be copied into upon boot.
3669		  For example, if you have a system with 1 GB memory
3670		  at physical address 0x10000000, while Linux kernel
3671		  only recognizes the first 704 MB as low memory, you
3672		  may need to set fdt_high as 0x3C000000 to have the
3673		  device tree blob be copied to the maximum address
3674		  of the 704 MB low memory, so that Linux kernel can
3675		  access it during the boot procedure.
3676
3677		  If this is set to the special value 0xFFFFFFFF then
3678		  the fdt will not be copied at all on boot.  For this
3679		  to work it must reside in writable memory, have
3680		  sufficient padding on the end of it for u-boot to
3681		  add the information it needs into it, and the memory
3682		  must be accessible by the kernel.
3683
3684  fdtcontroladdr- if set this is the address of the control flattened
3685		  device tree used by U-Boot when CONFIG_OF_CONTROL is
3686		  defined.
3687
3688  i2cfast	- (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
3689		  if set to 'y' configures Linux I2C driver for fast
3690		  mode (400kHZ). This environment variable is used in
3691		  initialization code. So, for changes to be effective
3692		  it must be saved and board must be reset.
3693
3694  initrd_high	- restrict positioning of initrd images:
3695		  If this variable is not set, initrd images will be
3696		  copied to the highest possible address in RAM; this
3697		  is usually what you want since it allows for
3698		  maximum initrd size. If for some reason you want to
3699		  make sure that the initrd image is loaded below the
3700		  CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ limit, you can set this environment
3701		  variable to a value of "no" or "off" or "0".
3702		  Alternatively, you can set it to a maximum upper
3703		  address to use (U-Boot will still check that it
3704		  does not overwrite the U-Boot stack and data).
3705
3706		  For instance, when you have a system with 16 MB
3707		  RAM, and want to reserve 4 MB from use by Linux,
3708		  you can do this by adding "mem=12M" to the value of
3709		  the "bootargs" variable. However, now you must make
3710		  sure that the initrd image is placed in the first
3711		  12 MB as well - this can be done with
3712
3713		  setenv initrd_high 00c00000
3714
3715		  If you set initrd_high to 0xFFFFFFFF, this is an
3716		  indication to U-Boot that all addresses are legal
3717		  for the Linux kernel, including addresses in flash
3718		  memory. In this case U-Boot will NOT COPY the
3719		  ramdisk at all. This may be useful to reduce the
3720		  boot time on your system, but requires that this
3721		  feature is supported by your Linux kernel.
3722
3723  ipaddr	- IP address; needed for tftpboot command
3724
3725  loadaddr	- Default load address for commands like "bootp",
3726		  "rarpboot", "tftpboot", "loadb" or "diskboot"
3727
3728  loads_echo	- see CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
3729
3730  serverip	- TFTP server IP address; needed for tftpboot command
3731
3732  bootretry	- see CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
3733
3734  bootdelaykey	- see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
3735
3736  bootstopkey	- see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
3737
3738  ethprime	- controls which interface is used first.
3739
3740  ethact	- controls which interface is currently active.
3741		  For example you can do the following
3742
3743		  => setenv ethact FEC
3744		  => ping 192.168.0.1 # traffic sent on FEC
3745		  => setenv ethact SCC
3746		  => ping 10.0.0.1 # traffic sent on SCC
3747
3748  ethrotate	- When set to "no" U-Boot does not go through all
3749		  available network interfaces.
3750		  It just stays at the currently selected interface.
3751
3752  netretry	- When set to "no" each network operation will
3753		  either succeed or fail without retrying.
3754		  When set to "once" the network operation will
3755		  fail when all the available network interfaces
3756		  are tried once without success.
3757		  Useful on scripts which control the retry operation
3758		  themselves.
3759
3760  npe_ucode	- set load address for the NPE microcode
3761
3762  silent_linux  - If set then Linux will be told to boot silently, by
3763		  changing the console to be empty. If "yes" it will be
3764		  made silent. If "no" it will not be made silent. If
3765		  unset, then it will be made silent if the U-Boot console
3766		  is silent.
3767
3768  tftpsrcp	- If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's
3769		  UDP source port.
3770
3771  tftpdstp	- If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's UDP
3772		  destination port instead of the Well Know Port 69.
3773
3774  tftpblocksize - Block size to use for TFTP transfers; if not set,
3775		  we use the TFTP server's default block size
3776
3777  tftptimeout	- Retransmission timeout for TFTP packets (in milli-
3778		  seconds, minimum value is 1000 = 1 second). Defines
3779		  when a packet is considered to be lost so it has to
3780		  be retransmitted. The default is 5000 = 5 seconds.
3781		  Lowering this value may make downloads succeed
3782		  faster in networks with high packet loss rates or
3783		  with unreliable TFTP servers.
3784
3785  tftptimeoutcountmax	- maximum count of TFTP timeouts (no
3786		  unit, minimum value = 0). Defines how many timeouts
3787		  can happen during a single file transfer before that
3788		  transfer is aborted. The default is 10, and 0 means
3789		  'no timeouts allowed'. Increasing this value may help
3790		  downloads succeed with high packet loss rates, or with
3791		  unreliable TFTP servers or client hardware.
3792
3793  vlan		- When set to a value < 4095 the traffic over
3794		  Ethernet is encapsulated/received over 802.1q
3795		  VLAN tagged frames.
3796
3797  bootpretryperiod	- Period during which BOOTP/DHCP sends retries.
3798		  Unsigned value, in milliseconds. If not set, the period will
3799		  be either the default (28000), or a value based on
3800		  CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT, if defined. This value has
3801		  precedence over the valu based on CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT.
3802
3803The following image location variables contain the location of images
3804used in booting. The "Image" column gives the role of the image and is
3805not an environment variable name. The other columns are environment
3806variable names. "File Name" gives the name of the file on a TFTP
3807server, "RAM Address" gives the location in RAM the image will be
3808loaded to, and "Flash Location" gives the image's address in NOR
3809flash or offset in NAND flash.
3810
3811*Note* - these variables don't have to be defined for all boards, some
3812boards currently use other variables for these purposes, and some
3813boards use these variables for other purposes.
3814
3815Image		    File Name	     RAM Address       Flash Location
3816-----		    ---------	     -----------       --------------
3817u-boot		    u-boot	     u-boot_addr_r     u-boot_addr
3818Linux kernel	    bootfile	     kernel_addr_r     kernel_addr
3819device tree blob    fdtfile	     fdt_addr_r	       fdt_addr
3820ramdisk		    ramdiskfile	     ramdisk_addr_r    ramdisk_addr
3821
3822The following environment variables may be used and automatically
3823updated by the network boot commands ("bootp" and "rarpboot"),
3824depending the information provided by your boot server:
3825
3826  bootfile	- see above
3827  dnsip		- IP address of your Domain Name Server
3828  dnsip2	- IP address of your secondary Domain Name Server
3829  gatewayip	- IP address of the Gateway (Router) to use
3830  hostname	- Target hostname
3831  ipaddr	- see above
3832  netmask	- Subnet Mask
3833  rootpath	- Pathname of the root filesystem on the NFS server
3834  serverip	- see above
3835
3836
3837There are two special Environment Variables:
3838
3839  serial#	- contains hardware identification information such
3840		  as type string and/or serial number
3841  ethaddr	- Ethernet address
3842
3843These variables can be set only once (usually during manufacturing of
3844the board). U-Boot refuses to delete or overwrite these variables
3845once they have been set once.
3846
3847
3848Further special Environment Variables:
3849
3850  ver		- Contains the U-Boot version string as printed
3851		  with the "version" command. This variable is
3852		  readonly (see CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE).
3853
3854
3855Please note that changes to some configuration parameters may take
3856only effect after the next boot (yes, that's just like Windoze :-).
3857
3858
3859Callback functions for environment variables:
3860---------------------------------------------
3861
3862For some environment variables, the behavior of u-boot needs to change
3863when their values are changed.  This functionality allows functions to
3864be associated with arbitrary variables.  On creation, overwrite, or
3865deletion, the callback will provide the opportunity for some side
3866effect to happen or for the change to be rejected.
3867
3868The callbacks are named and associated with a function using the
3869U_BOOT_ENV_CALLBACK macro in your board or driver code.
3870
3871These callbacks are associated with variables in one of two ways.  The
3872static list can be added to by defining CONFIG_ENV_CALLBACK_LIST_STATIC
3873in the board configuration to a string that defines a list of
3874associations.  The list must be in the following format:
3875
3876	entry = variable_name[:callback_name]
3877	list = entry[,list]
3878
3879If the callback name is not specified, then the callback is deleted.
3880Spaces are also allowed anywhere in the list.
3881
3882Callbacks can also be associated by defining the ".callbacks" variable
3883with the same list format above.  Any association in ".callbacks" will
3884override any association in the static list. You can define
3885CONFIG_ENV_CALLBACK_LIST_DEFAULT to a list (string) to define the
3886".callbacks" environment variable in the default or embedded environment.
3887
3888If CONFIG_REGEX is defined, the variable_name above is evaluated as a
3889regular expression. This allows multiple variables to be connected to
3890the same callback without explicitly listing them all out.
3891
3892The signature of the callback functions is:
3893
3894    int callback(const char *name, const char *value, enum env_op op, int flags)
3895
3896* name - changed environment variable
3897* value - new value of the environment variable
3898* op - operation (create, overwrite, or delete)
3899* flags - attributes of the environment variable change, see flags H_* in
3900  include/search.h
3901
3902The return value is 0 if the variable change is accepted and 1 otherwise.
3903
3904Command Line Parsing:
3905=====================
3906
3907There are two different command line parsers available with U-Boot:
3908the old "simple" one, and the much more powerful "hush" shell:
3909
3910Old, simple command line parser:
3911--------------------------------
3912
3913- supports environment variables (through setenv / saveenv commands)
3914- several commands on one line, separated by ';'
3915- variable substitution using "... ${name} ..." syntax
3916- special characters ('$', ';') can be escaped by prefixing with '\',
3917  for example:
3918	setenv bootcmd bootm \${address}
3919- You can also escape text by enclosing in single apostrophes, for example:
3920	setenv addip 'setenv bootargs $bootargs ip=$ipaddr:$serverip:$gatewayip:$netmask:$hostname::off'
3921
3922Hush shell:
3923-----------
3924
3925- similar to Bourne shell, with control structures like
3926  if...then...else...fi, for...do...done; while...do...done,
3927  until...do...done, ...
3928- supports environment ("global") variables (through setenv / saveenv
3929  commands) and local shell variables (through standard shell syntax
3930  "name=value"); only environment variables can be used with "run"
3931  command
3932
3933General rules:
3934--------------
3935
3936(1) If a command line (or an environment variable executed by a "run"
3937    command) contains several commands separated by semicolon, and
3938    one of these commands fails, then the remaining commands will be
3939    executed anyway.
3940
3941(2) If you execute several variables with one call to run (i. e.
3942    calling run with a list of variables as arguments), any failing
3943    command will cause "run" to terminate, i. e. the remaining
3944    variables are not executed.
3945
3946Note for Redundant Ethernet Interfaces:
3947=======================================
3948
3949Some boards come with redundant Ethernet interfaces; U-Boot supports
3950such configurations and is capable of automatic selection of a
3951"working" interface when needed. MAC assignment works as follows:
3952
3953Network interfaces are numbered eth0, eth1, eth2, ... Corresponding
3954MAC addresses can be stored in the environment as "ethaddr" (=>eth0),
3955"eth1addr" (=>eth1), "eth2addr", ...
3956
3957If the network interface stores some valid MAC address (for instance
3958in SROM), this is used as default address if there is NO correspon-
3959ding setting in the environment; if the corresponding environment
3960variable is set, this overrides the settings in the card; that means:
3961
3962o If the SROM has a valid MAC address, and there is no address in the
3963  environment, the SROM's address is used.
3964
3965o If there is no valid address in the SROM, and a definition in the
3966  environment exists, then the value from the environment variable is
3967  used.
3968
3969o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and
3970  both addresses are the same, this MAC address is used.
3971
3972o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and the
3973  addresses differ, the value from the environment is used and a
3974  warning is printed.
3975
3976o If neither SROM nor the environment contain a MAC address, an error
3977  is raised. If CONFIG_NET_RANDOM_ETHADDR is defined, then in this case
3978  a random, locally-assigned MAC is used.
3979
3980If Ethernet drivers implement the 'write_hwaddr' function, valid MAC addresses
3981will be programmed into hardware as part of the initialization process.	 This
3982may be skipped by setting the appropriate 'ethmacskip' environment variable.
3983The naming convention is as follows:
3984"ethmacskip" (=>eth0), "eth1macskip" (=>eth1) etc.
3985
3986Image Formats:
3987==============
3988
3989U-Boot is capable of booting (and performing other auxiliary operations on)
3990images in two formats:
3991
3992New uImage format (FIT)
3993-----------------------
3994
3995Flexible and powerful format based on Flattened Image Tree -- FIT (similar
3996to Flattened Device Tree). It allows the use of images with multiple
3997components (several kernels, ramdisks, etc.), with contents protected by
3998SHA1, MD5 or CRC32. More details are found in the doc/uImage.FIT directory.
3999
4000
4001Old uImage format
4002-----------------
4003
4004Old image format is based on binary files which can be basically anything,
4005preceded by a special header; see the definitions in include/image.h for
4006details; basically, the header defines the following image properties:
4007
4008* Target Operating System (Provisions for OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD,
4009  4.4BSD, Linux, SVR4, Esix, Solaris, Irix, SCO, Dell, NCR, VxWorks,
4010  LynxOS, pSOS, QNX, RTEMS, INTEGRITY;
4011  Currently supported: Linux, NetBSD, VxWorks, QNX, RTEMS, LynxOS,
4012  INTEGRITY).
4013* Target CPU Architecture (Provisions for Alpha, ARM, Intel x86,
4014  IA64, MIPS, NDS32, Nios II, PowerPC, IBM S390, SuperH, Sparc, Sparc 64 Bit;
4015  Currently supported: ARM, Intel x86, MIPS, NDS32, Nios II, PowerPC).
4016* Compression Type (uncompressed, gzip, bzip2)
4017* Load Address
4018* Entry Point
4019* Image Name
4020* Image Timestamp
4021
4022The header is marked by a special Magic Number, and both the header
4023and the data portions of the image are secured against corruption by
4024CRC32 checksums.
4025
4026
4027Linux Support:
4028==============
4029
4030Although U-Boot should support any OS or standalone application
4031easily, the main focus has always been on Linux during the design of
4032U-Boot.
4033
4034U-Boot includes many features that so far have been part of some
4035special "boot loader" code within the Linux kernel. Also, any
4036"initrd" images to be used are no longer part of one big Linux image;
4037instead, kernel and "initrd" are separate images. This implementation
4038serves several purposes:
4039
4040- the same features can be used for other OS or standalone
4041  applications (for instance: using compressed images to reduce the
4042  Flash memory footprint)
4043
4044- it becomes much easier to port new Linux kernel versions because
4045  lots of low-level, hardware dependent stuff are done by U-Boot
4046
4047- the same Linux kernel image can now be used with different "initrd"
4048  images; of course this also means that different kernel images can
4049  be run with the same "initrd". This makes testing easier (you don't
4050  have to build a new "zImage.initrd" Linux image when you just
4051  change a file in your "initrd"). Also, a field-upgrade of the
4052  software is easier now.
4053
4054
4055Linux HOWTO:
4056============
4057
4058Porting Linux to U-Boot based systems:
4059---------------------------------------
4060
4061U-Boot cannot save you from doing all the necessary modifications to
4062configure the Linux device drivers for use with your target hardware
4063(no, we don't intend to provide a full virtual machine interface to
4064Linux :-).
4065
4066But now you can ignore ALL boot loader code (in arch/powerpc/mbxboot).
4067
4068Just make sure your machine specific header file (for instance
4069include/asm-ppc/tqm8xx.h) includes the same definition of the Board
4070Information structure as we define in include/asm-<arch>/u-boot.h,
4071and make sure that your definition of IMAP_ADDR uses the same value
4072as your U-Boot configuration in CONFIG_SYS_IMMR.
4073
4074Note that U-Boot now has a driver model, a unified model for drivers.
4075If you are adding a new driver, plumb it into driver model. If there
4076is no uclass available, you are encouraged to create one. See
4077doc/driver-model.
4078
4079
4080Configuring the Linux kernel:
4081-----------------------------
4082
4083No specific requirements for U-Boot. Make sure you have some root
4084device (initial ramdisk, NFS) for your target system.
4085
4086
4087Building a Linux Image:
4088-----------------------
4089
4090With U-Boot, "normal" build targets like "zImage" or "bzImage" are
4091not used. If you use recent kernel source, a new build target
4092"uImage" will exist which automatically builds an image usable by
4093U-Boot. Most older kernels also have support for a "pImage" target,
4094which was introduced for our predecessor project PPCBoot and uses a
4095100% compatible format.
4096
4097Example:
4098
4099	make TQM850L_defconfig
4100	make oldconfig
4101	make dep
4102	make uImage
4103
4104The "uImage" build target uses a special tool (in 'tools/mkimage') to
4105encapsulate a compressed Linux kernel image with header	 information,
4106CRC32 checksum etc. for use with U-Boot. This is what we are doing:
4107
4108* build a standard "vmlinux" kernel image (in ELF binary format):
4109
4110* convert the kernel into a raw binary image:
4111
4112	${CROSS_COMPILE}-objcopy -O binary \
4113				 -R .note -R .comment \
4114				 -S vmlinux linux.bin
4115
4116* compress the binary image:
4117
4118	gzip -9 linux.bin
4119
4120* package compressed binary image for U-Boot:
4121
4122	mkimage -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip \
4123		-a 0 -e 0 -n "Linux Kernel Image" \
4124		-d linux.bin.gz uImage
4125
4126
4127The "mkimage" tool can also be used to create ramdisk images for use
4128with U-Boot, either separated from the Linux kernel image, or
4129combined into one file. "mkimage" encapsulates the images with a 64
4130byte header containing information about target architecture,
4131operating system, image type, compression method, entry points, time
4132stamp, CRC32 checksums, etc.
4133
4134"mkimage" can be called in two ways: to verify existing images and
4135print the header information, or to build new images.
4136
4137In the first form (with "-l" option) mkimage lists the information
4138contained in the header of an existing U-Boot image; this includes
4139checksum verification:
4140
4141	tools/mkimage -l image
4142	  -l ==> list image header information
4143
4144The second form (with "-d" option) is used to build a U-Boot image
4145from a "data file" which is used as image payload:
4146
4147	tools/mkimage -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep \
4148		      -n name -d data_file image
4149	  -A ==> set architecture to 'arch'
4150	  -O ==> set operating system to 'os'
4151	  -T ==> set image type to 'type'
4152	  -C ==> set compression type 'comp'
4153	  -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)
4154	  -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)
4155	  -n ==> set image name to 'name'
4156	  -d ==> use image data from 'datafile'
4157
4158Right now, all Linux kernels for PowerPC systems use the same load
4159address (0x00000000), but the entry point address depends on the
4160kernel version:
4161
4162- 2.2.x kernels have the entry point at 0x0000000C,
4163- 2.3.x and later kernels have the entry point at 0x00000000.
4164
4165So a typical call to build a U-Boot image would read:
4166
4167	-> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
4168	> -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0 -e 0 \
4169	> -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/powerpc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz \
4170	> examples/uImage.TQM850L
4171	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
4172	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
4173	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4174	Data Size:    335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
4175	Load Address: 0x00000000
4176	Entry Point:  0x00000000
4177
4178To verify the contents of the image (or check for corruption):
4179
4180	-> tools/mkimage -l examples/uImage.TQM850L
4181	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
4182	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
4183	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4184	Data Size:    335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
4185	Load Address: 0x00000000
4186	Entry Point:  0x00000000
4187
4188NOTE: for embedded systems where boot time is critical you can trade
4189speed for memory and install an UNCOMPRESSED image instead: this
4190needs more space in Flash, but boots much faster since it does not
4191need to be uncompressed:
4192
4193	-> gunzip /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/powerpc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz
4194	-> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
4195	> -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0 -e 0 \
4196	> -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/powerpc/coffboot/vmlinux \
4197	> examples/uImage.TQM850L-uncompressed
4198	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
4199	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
4200	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
4201	Data Size:    792160 Bytes = 773.59 kB = 0.76 MB
4202	Load Address: 0x00000000
4203	Entry Point:  0x00000000
4204
4205
4206Similar you can build U-Boot images from a 'ramdisk.image.gz' file
4207when your kernel is intended to use an initial ramdisk:
4208
4209	-> tools/mkimage -n 'Simple Ramdisk Image' \
4210	> -A ppc -O linux -T ramdisk -C gzip \
4211	> -d /LinuxPPC/images/SIMPLE-ramdisk.image.gz examples/simple-initrd
4212	Image Name:   Simple Ramdisk Image
4213	Created:      Wed Jan 12 14:01:50 2000
4214	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
4215	Data Size:    566530 Bytes = 553.25 kB = 0.54 MB
4216	Load Address: 0x00000000
4217	Entry Point:  0x00000000
4218
4219The "dumpimage" is a tool to disassemble images built by mkimage. Its "-i"
4220option performs the converse operation of the mkimage's second form (the "-d"
4221option). Given an image built by mkimage, the dumpimage extracts a "data file"
4222from the image:
4223
4224	tools/dumpimage -i image -T type -p position data_file
4225	  -i ==> extract from the 'image' a specific 'data_file'
4226	  -T ==> set image type to 'type'
4227	  -p ==> 'position' (starting at 0) of the 'data_file' inside the 'image'
4228
4229
4230Installing a Linux Image:
4231-------------------------
4232
4233To downloading a U-Boot image over the serial (console) interface,
4234you must convert the image to S-Record format:
4235
4236	objcopy -I binary -O srec examples/image examples/image.srec
4237
4238The 'objcopy' does not understand the information in the U-Boot
4239image header, so the resulting S-Record file will be relative to
4240address 0x00000000. To load it to a given address, you need to
4241specify the target address as 'offset' parameter with the 'loads'
4242command.
4243
4244Example: install the image to address 0x40100000 (which on the
4245TQM8xxL is in the first Flash bank):
4246
4247	=> erase 40100000 401FFFFF
4248
4249	.......... done
4250	Erased 8 sectors
4251
4252	=> loads 40100000
4253	## Ready for S-Record download ...
4254	~>examples/image.srec
4255	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ...
4256	...
4257	15989 15990 15991 15992
4258	[file transfer complete]
4259	[connected]
4260	## Start Addr = 0x00000000
4261
4262
4263You can check the success of the download using the 'iminfo' command;
4264this includes a checksum verification so you can be sure no data
4265corruption happened:
4266
4267	=> imi 40100000
4268
4269	## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
4270	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
4271	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4272	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
4273	   Load Address: 00000000
4274	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
4275	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4276
4277
4278Boot Linux:
4279-----------
4280
4281The "bootm" command is used to boot an application that is stored in
4282memory (RAM or Flash). In case of a Linux kernel image, the contents
4283of the "bootargs" environment variable is passed to the kernel as
4284parameters. You can check and modify this variable using the
4285"printenv" and "setenv" commands:
4286
4287
4288	=> printenv bootargs
4289	bootargs=root=/dev/ram
4290
4291	=> setenv bootargs root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
4292
4293	=> printenv bootargs
4294	bootargs=root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
4295
4296	=> bootm 40020000
4297	## Booting Linux kernel at 40020000 ...
4298	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for NFS on TQM850L
4299	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4300	   Data Size:	 381681 Bytes = 372 kB = 0 MB
4301	   Load Address: 00000000
4302	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
4303	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4304	   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
4305	Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:35:17 MEST 2000
4306	Boot arguments: root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
4307	time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
4308	Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
4309	Memory: 15208k available (700k kernel code, 444k data, 32k init) [c0000000,c1000000]
4310	...
4311
4312If you want to boot a Linux kernel with initial RAM disk, you pass
4313the memory addresses of both the kernel and the initrd image (PPBCOOT
4314format!) to the "bootm" command:
4315
4316	=> imi 40100000 40200000
4317
4318	## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
4319	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
4320	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4321	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
4322	   Load Address: 00000000
4323	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
4324	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4325
4326	## Checking Image at 40200000 ...
4327	   Image Name:	 Simple Ramdisk Image
4328	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
4329	   Data Size:	 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
4330	   Load Address: 00000000
4331	   Entry Point:	 00000000
4332	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4333
4334	=> bootm 40100000 40200000
4335	## Booting Linux kernel at 40100000 ...
4336	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
4337	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4338	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
4339	   Load Address: 00000000
4340	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
4341	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4342	   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
4343	## Loading RAMDisk Image at 40200000 ...
4344	   Image Name:	 Simple Ramdisk Image
4345	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
4346	   Data Size:	 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
4347	   Load Address: 00000000
4348	   Entry Point:	 00000000
4349	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4350	   Loading Ramdisk ... OK
4351	Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:32:08 MEST 2000
4352	Boot arguments: root=/dev/ram
4353	time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
4354	Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
4355	...
4356	RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
4357	VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
4358
4359	bash#
4360
4361Boot Linux and pass a flat device tree:
4362-----------
4363
4364First, U-Boot must be compiled with the appropriate defines. See the section
4365titled "Linux Kernel Interface" above for a more in depth explanation. The
4366following is an example of how to start a kernel and pass an updated
4367flat device tree:
4368
4369=> print oftaddr
4370oftaddr=0x300000
4371=> print oft
4372oft=oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb
4373=> tftp $oftaddr $oft
4374Speed: 1000, full duplex
4375Using TSEC0 device
4376TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.101
4377Filename 'oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb'.
4378Load address: 0x300000
4379Loading: #
4380done
4381Bytes transferred = 4106 (100a hex)
4382=> tftp $loadaddr $bootfile
4383Speed: 1000, full duplex
4384Using TSEC0 device
4385TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.2
4386Filename 'uImage'.
4387Load address: 0x200000
4388Loading:############
4389done
4390Bytes transferred = 1029407 (fb51f hex)
4391=> print loadaddr
4392loadaddr=200000
4393=> print oftaddr
4394oftaddr=0x300000
4395=> bootm $loadaddr - $oftaddr
4396## Booting image at 00200000 ...
4397   Image Name:	 Linux-2.6.17-dirty
4398   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4399   Data Size:	 1029343 Bytes = 1005.2 kB
4400   Load Address: 00000000
4401   Entry Point:	 00000000
4402   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4403   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
4404Booting using flat device tree at 0x300000
4405Using MPC85xx ADS machine description
4406Memory CAM mapping: CAM0=256Mb, CAM1=256Mb, CAM2=0Mb residual: 0Mb
4407[snip]
4408
4409
4410More About U-Boot Image Types:
4411------------------------------
4412
4413U-Boot supports the following image types:
4414
4415   "Standalone Programs" are directly runnable in the environment
4416	provided by U-Boot; it is expected that (if they behave
4417	well) you can continue to work in U-Boot after return from
4418	the Standalone Program.
4419   "OS Kernel Images" are usually images of some Embedded OS which
4420	will take over control completely. Usually these programs
4421	will install their own set of exception handlers, device
4422	drivers, set up the MMU, etc. - this means, that you cannot
4423	expect to re-enter U-Boot except by resetting the CPU.
4424   "RAMDisk Images" are more or less just data blocks, and their
4425	parameters (address, size) are passed to an OS kernel that is
4426	being started.
4427   "Multi-File Images" contain several images, typically an OS
4428	(Linux) kernel image and one or more data images like
4429	RAMDisks. This construct is useful for instance when you want
4430	to boot over the network using BOOTP etc., where the boot
4431	server provides just a single image file, but you want to get
4432	for instance an OS kernel and a RAMDisk image.
4433
4434	"Multi-File Images" start with a list of image sizes, each
4435	image size (in bytes) specified by an "uint32_t" in network
4436	byte order. This list is terminated by an "(uint32_t)0".
4437	Immediately after the terminating 0 follow the images, one by
4438	one, all aligned on "uint32_t" boundaries (size rounded up to
4439	a multiple of 4 bytes).
4440
4441   "Firmware Images" are binary images containing firmware (like
4442	U-Boot or FPGA images) which usually will be programmed to
4443	flash memory.
4444
4445   "Script files" are command sequences that will be executed by
4446	U-Boot's command interpreter; this feature is especially
4447	useful when you configure U-Boot to use a real shell (hush)
4448	as command interpreter.
4449
4450Booting the Linux zImage:
4451-------------------------
4452
4453On some platforms, it's possible to boot Linux zImage. This is done
4454using the "bootz" command. The syntax of "bootz" command is the same
4455as the syntax of "bootm" command.
4456
4457Note, defining the CONFIG_SUPPORT_RAW_INITRD allows user to supply
4458kernel with raw initrd images. The syntax is slightly different, the
4459address of the initrd must be augmented by it's size, in the following
4460format: "<initrd addres>:<initrd size>".
4461
4462
4463Standalone HOWTO:
4464=================
4465
4466One of the features of U-Boot is that you can dynamically load and
4467run "standalone" applications, which can use some resources of
4468U-Boot like console I/O functions or interrupt services.
4469
4470Two simple examples are included with the sources:
4471
4472"Hello World" Demo:
4473-------------------
4474
4475'examples/hello_world.c' contains a small "Hello World" Demo
4476application; it is automatically compiled when you build U-Boot.
4477It's configured to run at address 0x00040004, so you can play with it
4478like that:
4479
4480	=> loads
4481	## Ready for S-Record download ...
4482	~>examples/hello_world.srec
4483	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
4484	[file transfer complete]
4485	[connected]
4486	## Start Addr = 0x00040004
4487
4488	=> go 40004 Hello World! This is a test.
4489	## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
4490	Hello World
4491	argc = 7
4492	argv[0] = "40004"
4493	argv[1] = "Hello"
4494	argv[2] = "World!"
4495	argv[3] = "This"
4496	argv[4] = "is"
4497	argv[5] = "a"
4498	argv[6] = "test."
4499	argv[7] = "<NULL>"
4500	Hit any key to exit ...
4501
4502	## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
4503
4504Another example, which demonstrates how to register a CPM interrupt
4505handler with the U-Boot code, can be found in 'examples/timer.c'.
4506Here, a CPM timer is set up to generate an interrupt every second.
4507The interrupt service routine is trivial, just printing a '.'
4508character, but this is just a demo program. The application can be
4509controlled by the following keys:
4510
4511	? - print current values og the CPM Timer registers
4512	b - enable interrupts and start timer
4513	e - stop timer and disable interrupts
4514	q - quit application
4515
4516	=> loads
4517	## Ready for S-Record download ...
4518	~>examples/timer.srec
4519	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
4520	[file transfer complete]
4521	[connected]
4522	## Start Addr = 0x00040004
4523
4524	=> go 40004
4525	## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
4526	TIMERS=0xfff00980
4527	Using timer 1
4528	  tgcr @ 0xfff00980, tmr @ 0xfff00990, trr @ 0xfff00994, tcr @ 0xfff00998, tcn @ 0xfff0099c, ter @ 0xfff009b0
4529
4530Hit 'b':
4531	[q, b, e, ?] Set interval 1000000 us
4532	Enabling timer
4533Hit '?':
4534	[q, b, e, ?] ........
4535	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0xef6, ter=0x0
4536Hit '?':
4537	[q, b, e, ?] .
4538	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x2ad4, ter=0x0
4539Hit '?':
4540	[q, b, e, ?] .
4541	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x1efc, ter=0x0
4542Hit '?':
4543	[q, b, e, ?] .
4544	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x169d, ter=0x0
4545Hit 'e':
4546	[q, b, e, ?] ...Stopping timer
4547Hit 'q':
4548	[q, b, e, ?] ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
4549
4550
4551Minicom warning:
4552================
4553
4554Over time, many people have reported problems when trying to use the
4555"minicom" terminal emulation program for serial download. I (wd)
4556consider minicom to be broken, and recommend not to use it. Under
4557Unix, I recommend to use C-Kermit for general purpose use (and
4558especially for kermit binary protocol download ("loadb" command), and
4559use "cu" for S-Record download ("loads" command).  See
4560http://www.denx.de/wiki/view/DULG/SystemSetup#Section_4.3.
4561for help with kermit.
4562
4563
4564Nevertheless, if you absolutely want to use it try adding this
4565configuration to your "File transfer protocols" section:
4566
4567	   Name	   Program			Name U/D FullScr IO-Red. Multi
4568	X  kermit  /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -s	 Y    U	   Y	   N	  N
4569	Y  kermit  /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -r	 N    D	   Y	   N	  N
4570
4571
4572NetBSD Notes:
4573=============
4574
4575Starting at version 0.9.2, U-Boot supports NetBSD both as host
4576(build U-Boot) and target system (boots NetBSD/mpc8xx).
4577
4578Building requires a cross environment; it is known to work on
4579NetBSD/i386 with the cross-powerpc-netbsd-1.3 package (you will also
4580need gmake since the Makefiles are not compatible with BSD make).
4581Note that the cross-powerpc package does not install include files;
4582attempting to build U-Boot will fail because <machine/ansi.h> is
4583missing.  This file has to be installed and patched manually:
4584
4585	# cd /usr/pkg/cross/powerpc-netbsd/include
4586	# mkdir powerpc
4587	# ln -s powerpc machine
4588	# cp /usr/src/sys/arch/powerpc/include/ansi.h powerpc/ansi.h
4589	# ${EDIT} powerpc/ansi.h	## must remove __va_list, _BSD_VA_LIST
4590
4591Native builds *don't* work due to incompatibilities between native
4592and U-Boot include files.
4593
4594Booting assumes that (the first part of) the image booted is a
4595stage-2 loader which in turn loads and then invokes the kernel
4596proper. Loader sources will eventually appear in the NetBSD source
4597tree (probably in sys/arc/mpc8xx/stand/u-boot_stage2/); in the
4598meantime, see ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/ppcboot_stage2.tar.gz
4599
4600
4601Implementation Internals:
4602=========================
4603
4604The following is not intended to be a complete description of every
4605implementation detail. However, it should help to understand the
4606inner workings of U-Boot and make it easier to port it to custom
4607hardware.
4608
4609
4610Initial Stack, Global Data:
4611---------------------------
4612
4613The implementation of U-Boot is complicated by the fact that U-Boot
4614starts running out of ROM (flash memory), usually without access to
4615system RAM (because the memory controller is not initialized yet).
4616This means that we don't have writable Data or BSS segments, and BSS
4617is not initialized as zero. To be able to get a C environment working
4618at all, we have to allocate at least a minimal stack. Implementation
4619options for this are defined and restricted by the CPU used: Some CPU
4620models provide on-chip memory (like the IMMR area on MPC8xx and
4621MPC826x processors), on others (parts of) the data cache can be
4622locked as (mis-) used as memory, etc.
4623
4624	Chris Hallinan posted a good summary of these issues to the
4625	U-Boot mailing list:
4626
4627	Subject: RE: [U-Boot-Users] RE: More On Memory Bank x (nothingness)?
4628	From: "Chris Hallinan" <clh@net1plus.com>
4629	Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2003 16:43:46 -0500 (22:43 MET)
4630	...
4631
4632	Correct me if I'm wrong, folks, but the way I understand it
4633	is this: Using DCACHE as initial RAM for Stack, etc, does not
4634	require any physical RAM backing up the cache. The cleverness
4635	is that the cache is being used as a temporary supply of
4636	necessary storage before the SDRAM controller is setup. It's
4637	beyond the scope of this list to explain the details, but you
4638	can see how this works by studying the cache architecture and
4639	operation in the architecture and processor-specific manuals.
4640
4641	OCM is On Chip Memory, which I believe the 405GP has 4K. It
4642	is another option for the system designer to use as an
4643	initial stack/RAM area prior to SDRAM being available. Either
4644	option should work for you. Using CS 4 should be fine if your
4645	board designers haven't used it for something that would
4646	cause you grief during the initial boot! It is frequently not
4647	used.
4648
4649	CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR should be somewhere that won't interfere
4650	with your processor/board/system design. The default value
4651	you will find in any recent u-boot distribution in
4652	walnut.h should work for you. I'd set it to a value larger
4653	than your SDRAM module. If you have a 64MB SDRAM module, set
4654	it above 400_0000. Just make sure your board has no resources
4655	that are supposed to respond to that address! That code in
4656	start.S has been around a while and should work as is when
4657	you get the config right.
4658
4659	-Chris Hallinan
4660	DS4.COM, Inc.
4661
4662It is essential to remember this, since it has some impact on the C
4663code for the initialization procedures:
4664
4665* Initialized global data (data segment) is read-only. Do not attempt
4666  to write it.
4667
4668* Do not use any uninitialized global data (or implicitly initialized
4669  as zero data - BSS segment) at all - this is undefined, initiali-
4670  zation is performed later (when relocating to RAM).
4671
4672* Stack space is very limited. Avoid big data buffers or things like
4673  that.
4674
4675Having only the stack as writable memory limits means we cannot use
4676normal global data to share information between the code. But it
4677turned out that the implementation of U-Boot can be greatly
4678simplified by making a global data structure (gd_t) available to all
4679functions. We could pass a pointer to this data as argument to _all_
4680functions, but this would bloat the code. Instead we use a feature of
4681the GCC compiler (Global Register Variables) to share the data: we
4682place a pointer (gd) to the global data into a register which we
4683reserve for this purpose.
4684
4685When choosing a register for such a purpose we are restricted by the
4686relevant  (E)ABI  specifications for the current architecture, and by
4687GCC's implementation.
4688
4689For PowerPC, the following registers have specific use:
4690	R1:	stack pointer
4691	R2:	reserved for system use
4692	R3-R4:	parameter passing and return values
4693	R5-R10: parameter passing
4694	R13:	small data area pointer
4695	R30:	GOT pointer
4696	R31:	frame pointer
4697
4698	(U-Boot also uses R12 as internal GOT pointer. r12
4699	is a volatile register so r12 needs to be reset when
4700	going back and forth between asm and C)
4701
4702    ==> U-Boot will use R2 to hold a pointer to the global data
4703
4704    Note: on PPC, we could use a static initializer (since the
4705    address of the global data structure is known at compile time),
4706    but it turned out that reserving a register results in somewhat
4707    smaller code - although the code savings are not that big (on
4708    average for all boards 752 bytes for the whole U-Boot image,
4709    624 text + 127 data).
4710
4711On ARM, the following registers are used:
4712
4713	R0:	function argument word/integer result
4714	R1-R3:	function argument word
4715	R9:	platform specific
4716	R10:	stack limit (used only if stack checking is enabled)
4717	R11:	argument (frame) pointer
4718	R12:	temporary workspace
4719	R13:	stack pointer
4720	R14:	link register
4721	R15:	program counter
4722
4723    ==> U-Boot will use R9 to hold a pointer to the global data
4724
4725    Note: on ARM, only R_ARM_RELATIVE relocations are supported.
4726
4727On Nios II, the ABI is documented here:
4728	http://www.altera.com/literature/hb/nios2/n2cpu_nii51016.pdf
4729
4730    ==> U-Boot will use gp to hold a pointer to the global data
4731
4732    Note: on Nios II, we give "-G0" option to gcc and don't use gp
4733    to access small data sections, so gp is free.
4734
4735On NDS32, the following registers are used:
4736
4737	R0-R1:	argument/return
4738	R2-R5:	argument
4739	R15:	temporary register for assembler
4740	R16:	trampoline register
4741	R28:	frame pointer (FP)
4742	R29:	global pointer (GP)
4743	R30:	link register (LP)
4744	R31:	stack pointer (SP)
4745	PC:	program counter (PC)
4746
4747    ==> U-Boot will use R10 to hold a pointer to the global data
4748
4749NOTE: DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR must be used with file-global scope,
4750or current versions of GCC may "optimize" the code too much.
4751
4752On RISC-V, the following registers are used:
4753
4754	x0: hard-wired zero (zero)
4755	x1: return address (ra)
4756	x2:	stack pointer (sp)
4757	x3:	global pointer (gp)
4758	x4:	thread pointer (tp)
4759	x5:	link register (t0)
4760	x8:	frame pointer (fp)
4761	x10-x11:	arguments/return values (a0-1)
4762	x12-x17:	arguments (a2-7)
4763	x28-31:	 temporaries (t3-6)
4764	pc:	program counter (pc)
4765
4766    ==> U-Boot will use gp to hold a pointer to the global data
4767
4768Memory Management:
4769------------------
4770
4771U-Boot runs in system state and uses physical addresses, i.e. the
4772MMU is not used either for address mapping nor for memory protection.
4773
4774The available memory is mapped to fixed addresses using the memory
4775controller. In this process, a contiguous block is formed for each
4776memory type (Flash, SDRAM, SRAM), even when it consists of several
4777physical memory banks.
4778
4779U-Boot is installed in the first 128 kB of the first Flash bank (on
4780TQM8xxL modules this is the range 0x40000000 ... 0x4001FFFF). After
4781booting and sizing and initializing DRAM, the code relocates itself
4782to the upper end of DRAM. Immediately below the U-Boot code some
4783memory is reserved for use by malloc() [see CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN
4784configuration setting]. Below that, a structure with global Board
4785Info data is placed, followed by the stack (growing downward).
4786
4787Additionally, some exception handler code is copied to the low 8 kB
4788of DRAM (0x00000000 ... 0x00001FFF).
4789
4790So a typical memory configuration with 16 MB of DRAM could look like
4791this:
4792
4793	0x0000 0000	Exception Vector code
4794	      :
4795	0x0000 1FFF
4796	0x0000 2000	Free for Application Use
4797	      :
4798	      :
4799
4800	      :
4801	      :
4802	0x00FB FF20	Monitor Stack (Growing downward)
4803	0x00FB FFAC	Board Info Data and permanent copy of global data
4804	0x00FC 0000	Malloc Arena
4805	      :
4806	0x00FD FFFF
4807	0x00FE 0000	RAM Copy of Monitor Code
4808	...		eventually: LCD or video framebuffer
4809	...		eventually: pRAM (Protected RAM - unchanged by reset)
4810	0x00FF FFFF	[End of RAM]
4811
4812
4813System Initialization:
4814----------------------
4815
4816In the reset configuration, U-Boot starts at the reset entry point
4817(on most PowerPC systems at address 0x00000100). Because of the reset
4818configuration for CS0# this is a mirror of the on board Flash memory.
4819To be able to re-map memory U-Boot then jumps to its link address.
4820To be able to implement the initialization code in C, a (small!)
4821initial stack is set up in the internal Dual Ported RAM (in case CPUs
4822which provide such a feature like), or in a locked part of the data
4823cache. After that, U-Boot initializes the CPU core, the caches and
4824the SIU.
4825
4826Next, all (potentially) available memory banks are mapped using a
4827preliminary mapping. For example, we put them on 512 MB boundaries
4828(multiples of 0x20000000: SDRAM on 0x00000000 and 0x20000000, Flash
4829on 0x40000000 and 0x60000000, SRAM on 0x80000000). Then UPM A is
4830programmed for SDRAM access. Using the temporary configuration, a
4831simple memory test is run that determines the size of the SDRAM
4832banks.
4833
4834When there is more than one SDRAM bank, and the banks are of
4835different size, the largest is mapped first. For equal size, the first
4836bank (CS2#) is mapped first. The first mapping is always for address
48370x00000000, with any additional banks following immediately to create
4838contiguous memory starting from 0.
4839
4840Then, the monitor installs itself at the upper end of the SDRAM area
4841and allocates memory for use by malloc() and for the global Board
4842Info data; also, the exception vector code is copied to the low RAM
4843pages, and the final stack is set up.
4844
4845Only after this relocation will you have a "normal" C environment;
4846until that you are restricted in several ways, mostly because you are
4847running from ROM, and because the code will have to be relocated to a
4848new address in RAM.
4849
4850
4851U-Boot Porting Guide:
4852----------------------
4853
4854[Based on messages by Jerry Van Baren in the U-Boot-Users mailing
4855list, October 2002]
4856
4857
4858int main(int argc, char *argv[])
4859{
4860	sighandler_t no_more_time;
4861
4862	signal(SIGALRM, no_more_time);
4863	alarm(PROJECT_DEADLINE - toSec (3 * WEEK));
4864
4865	if (available_money > available_manpower) {
4866		Pay consultant to port U-Boot;
4867		return 0;
4868	}
4869
4870	Download latest U-Boot source;
4871
4872	Subscribe to u-boot mailing list;
4873
4874	if (clueless)
4875		email("Hi, I am new to U-Boot, how do I get started?");
4876
4877	while (learning) {
4878		Read the README file in the top level directory;
4879		Read http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/Manual;
4880		Read applicable doc/*.README;
4881		Read the source, Luke;
4882		/* find . -name "*.[chS]" | xargs grep -i <keyword> */
4883	}
4884
4885	if (available_money > toLocalCurrency ($2500))
4886		Buy a BDI3000;
4887	else
4888		Add a lot of aggravation and time;
4889
4890	if (a similar board exists) {	/* hopefully... */
4891		cp -a board/<similar> board/<myboard>
4892		cp include/configs/<similar>.h include/configs/<myboard>.h
4893	} else {
4894		Create your own board support subdirectory;
4895		Create your own board include/configs/<myboard>.h file;
4896	}
4897	Edit new board/<myboard> files
4898	Edit new include/configs/<myboard>.h
4899
4900	while (!accepted) {
4901		while (!running) {
4902			do {
4903				Add / modify source code;
4904			} until (compiles);
4905			Debug;
4906			if (clueless)
4907				email("Hi, I am having problems...");
4908		}
4909		Send patch file to the U-Boot email list;
4910		if (reasonable critiques)
4911			Incorporate improvements from email list code review;
4912		else
4913			Defend code as written;
4914	}
4915
4916	return 0;
4917}
4918
4919void no_more_time (int sig)
4920{
4921      hire_a_guru();
4922}
4923
4924
4925Coding Standards:
4926-----------------
4927
4928All contributions to U-Boot should conform to the Linux kernel
4929coding style; see the kernel coding style guide at
4930https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/process/coding-style.html, and the
4931script "scripts/Lindent" in your Linux kernel source directory.
4932
4933Source files originating from a different project (for example the
4934MTD subsystem) are generally exempt from these guidelines and are not
4935reformatted to ease subsequent migration to newer versions of those
4936sources.
4937
4938Please note that U-Boot is implemented in C (and to some small parts in
4939Assembler); no C++ is used, so please do not use C++ style comments (//)
4940in your code.
4941
4942Please also stick to the following formatting rules:
4943- remove any trailing white space
4944- use TAB characters for indentation and vertical alignment, not spaces
4945- make sure NOT to use DOS '\r\n' line feeds
4946- do not add more than 2 consecutive empty lines to source files
4947- do not add trailing empty lines to source files
4948
4949Submissions which do not conform to the standards may be returned
4950with a request to reformat the changes.
4951
4952
4953Submitting Patches:
4954-------------------
4955
4956Since the number of patches for U-Boot is growing, we need to
4957establish some rules. Submissions which do not conform to these rules
4958may be rejected, even when they contain important and valuable stuff.
4959
4960Please see http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot/Patches for details.
4961
4962Patches shall be sent to the u-boot mailing list <u-boot@lists.denx.de>;
4963see https://lists.denx.de/listinfo/u-boot
4964
4965When you send a patch, please include the following information with
4966it:
4967
4968* For bug fixes: a description of the bug and how your patch fixes
4969  this bug. Please try to include a way of demonstrating that the
4970  patch actually fixes something.
4971
4972* For new features: a description of the feature and your
4973  implementation.
4974
4975* A CHANGELOG entry as plaintext (separate from the patch)
4976
4977* For major contributions, add a MAINTAINERS file with your
4978  information and associated file and directory references.
4979
4980* When you add support for a new board, don't forget to add a
4981  maintainer e-mail address to the boards.cfg file, too.
4982
4983* If your patch adds new configuration options, don't forget to
4984  document these in the README file.
4985
4986* The patch itself. If you are using git (which is *strongly*
4987  recommended) you can easily generate the patch using the
4988  "git format-patch". If you then use "git send-email" to send it to
4989  the U-Boot mailing list, you will avoid most of the common problems
4990  with some other mail clients.
4991
4992  If you cannot use git, use "diff -purN OLD NEW". If your version of
4993  diff does not support these options, then get the latest version of
4994  GNU diff.
4995
4996  The current directory when running this command shall be the parent
4997  directory of the U-Boot source tree (i. e. please make sure that
4998  your patch includes sufficient directory information for the
4999  affected files).
5000
5001  We prefer patches as plain text. MIME attachments are discouraged,
5002  and compressed attachments must not be used.
5003
5004* If one logical set of modifications affects or creates several
5005  files, all these changes shall be submitted in a SINGLE patch file.
5006
5007* Changesets that contain different, unrelated modifications shall be
5008  submitted as SEPARATE patches, one patch per changeset.
5009
5010
5011Notes:
5012
5013* Before sending the patch, run the buildman script on your patched
5014  source tree and make sure that no errors or warnings are reported
5015  for any of the boards.
5016
5017* Keep your modifications to the necessary minimum: A patch
5018  containing several unrelated changes or arbitrary reformats will be
5019  returned with a request to re-formatting / split it.
5020
5021* If you modify existing code, make sure that your new code does not
5022  add to the memory footprint of the code ;-) Small is beautiful!
5023  When adding new features, these should compile conditionally only
5024  (using #ifdef), and the resulting code with the new feature
5025  disabled must not need more memory than the old code without your
5026  modification.
5027
5028* Remember that there is a size limit of 100 kB per message on the
5029  u-boot mailing list. Bigger patches will be moderated. If they are
5030  reasonable and not too big, they will be acknowledged. But patches
5031  bigger than the size limit should be avoided.
5032