xref: /openbmc/u-boot/README (revision 87f78478)
1# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2#
3# (C) Copyright 2000 - 2013
4# Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
5
6Summary:
7========
8
9This directory contains the source code for U-Boot, a boot loader for
10Embedded boards based on PowerPC, ARM, MIPS and several other
11processors, which can be installed in a boot ROM and used to
12initialize and test the hardware or to download and run application
13code.
14
15The development of U-Boot is closely related to Linux: some parts of
16the source code originate in the Linux source tree, we have some
17header files in common, and special provision has been made to
18support booting of Linux images.
19
20Some attention has been paid to make this software easily
21configurable and extendable. For instance, all monitor commands are
22implemented with the same call interface, so that it's very easy to
23add new commands. Also, instead of permanently adding rarely used
24code (for instance hardware test utilities) to the monitor, you can
25load and run it dynamically.
26
27
28Status:
29=======
30
31In general, all boards for which a configuration option exists in the
32Makefile have been tested to some extent and can be considered
33"working". In fact, many of them are used in production systems.
34
35In case of problems see the CHANGELOG file to find out who contributed
36the specific port. In addition, there are various MAINTAINERS files
37scattered throughout the U-Boot source identifying the people or
38companies responsible for various boards and subsystems.
39
40Note: As of August, 2010, there is no longer a CHANGELOG file in the
41actual U-Boot source tree; however, it can be created dynamically
42from the Git log using:
43
44	make CHANGELOG
45
46
47Where to get help:
48==================
49
50In case you have questions about, problems with or contributions for
51U-Boot, you should send a message to the U-Boot mailing list at
52<u-boot@lists.denx.de>. There is also an archive of previous traffic
53on the mailing list - please search the archive before asking FAQ's.
54Please see http://lists.denx.de/pipermail/u-boot and
55http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.comp.boot-loaders.u-boot
56
57
58Where to get source code:
59=========================
60
61The U-Boot source code is maintained in the Git repository at
62git://www.denx.de/git/u-boot.git ; you can browse it online at
63http://www.denx.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=u-boot.git;a=summary
64
65The "snapshot" links on this page allow you to download tarballs of
66any version you might be interested in. Official releases are also
67available for FTP download from the ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/
68directory.
69
70Pre-built (and tested) images are available from
71ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/images/
72
73
74Where we come from:
75===================
76
77- start from 8xxrom sources
78- create PPCBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/ppcboot)
79- clean up code
80- make it easier to add custom boards
81- make it possible to add other [PowerPC] CPUs
82- extend functions, especially:
83  * Provide extended interface to Linux boot loader
84  * S-Record download
85  * network boot
86  * PCMCIA / CompactFlash / ATA disk / SCSI ... boot
87- create ARMBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/armboot)
88- add other CPU families (starting with ARM)
89- create U-Boot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot)
90- current project page: see http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot
91
92
93Names and Spelling:
94===================
95
96The "official" name of this project is "Das U-Boot". The spelling
97"U-Boot" shall be used in all written text (documentation, comments
98in source files etc.). Example:
99
100	This is the README file for the U-Boot project.
101
102File names etc. shall be based on the string "u-boot". Examples:
103
104	include/asm-ppc/u-boot.h
105
106	#include <asm/u-boot.h>
107
108Variable names, preprocessor constants etc. shall be either based on
109the string "u_boot" or on "U_BOOT". Example:
110
111	U_BOOT_VERSION		u_boot_logo
112	IH_OS_U_BOOT		u_boot_hush_start
113
114
115Versioning:
116===========
117
118Starting with the release in October 2008, the names of the releases
119were changed from numerical release numbers without deeper meaning
120into a time stamp based numbering. Regular releases are identified by
121names consisting of the calendar year and month of the release date.
122Additional fields (if present) indicate release candidates or bug fix
123releases in "stable" maintenance trees.
124
125Examples:
126	U-Boot v2009.11	    - Release November 2009
127	U-Boot v2009.11.1   - Release 1 in version November 2009 stable tree
128	U-Boot v2010.09-rc1 - Release candidate 1 for September 2010 release
129
130
131Directory Hierarchy:
132====================
133
134/arch			Architecture specific files
135  /arc			Files generic to ARC architecture
136  /arm			Files generic to ARM architecture
137  /m68k			Files generic to m68k architecture
138  /microblaze		Files generic to microblaze architecture
139  /mips			Files generic to MIPS architecture
140  /nds32		Files generic to NDS32 architecture
141  /nios2		Files generic to Altera NIOS2 architecture
142  /openrisc		Files generic to OpenRISC architecture
143  /powerpc		Files generic to PowerPC architecture
144  /riscv		Files generic to RISC-V architecture
145  /sandbox		Files generic to HW-independent "sandbox"
146  /sh			Files generic to SH architecture
147  /x86			Files generic to x86 architecture
148/api			Machine/arch independent API for external apps
149/board			Board dependent files
150/cmd			U-Boot commands functions
151/common			Misc architecture independent functions
152/configs		Board default configuration files
153/disk			Code for disk drive partition handling
154/doc			Documentation (don't expect too much)
155/drivers		Commonly used device drivers
156/dts			Contains Makefile for building internal U-Boot fdt.
157/examples		Example code for standalone applications, etc.
158/fs			Filesystem code (cramfs, ext2, jffs2, etc.)
159/include		Header Files
160/lib			Library routines generic to all architectures
161/Licenses		Various license files
162/net			Networking code
163/post			Power On Self Test
164/scripts		Various build scripts and Makefiles
165/test			Various unit test files
166/tools			Tools to build S-Record or U-Boot images, etc.
167
168Software Configuration:
169=======================
170
171Configuration is usually done using C preprocessor defines; the
172rationale behind that is to avoid dead code whenever possible.
173
174There are two classes of configuration variables:
175
176* Configuration _OPTIONS_:
177  These are selectable by the user and have names beginning with
178  "CONFIG_".
179
180* Configuration _SETTINGS_:
181  These depend on the hardware etc. and should not be meddled with if
182  you don't know what you're doing; they have names beginning with
183  "CONFIG_SYS_".
184
185Previously, all configuration was done by hand, which involved creating
186symbolic links and editing configuration files manually. More recently,
187U-Boot has added the Kbuild infrastructure used by the Linux kernel,
188allowing you to use the "make menuconfig" command to configure your
189build.
190
191
192Selection of Processor Architecture and Board Type:
193---------------------------------------------------
194
195For all supported boards there are ready-to-use default
196configurations available; just type "make <board_name>_defconfig".
197
198Example: For a TQM823L module type:
199
200	cd u-boot
201	make TQM823L_defconfig
202
203Note: If you're looking for the default configuration file for a board
204you're sure used to be there but is now missing, check the file
205doc/README.scrapyard for a list of no longer supported boards.
206
207Sandbox Environment:
208--------------------
209
210U-Boot can be built natively to run on a Linux host using the 'sandbox'
211board. This allows feature development which is not board- or architecture-
212specific to be undertaken on a native platform. The sandbox is also used to
213run some of U-Boot's tests.
214
215See board/sandbox/README.sandbox for more details.
216
217
218Board Initialisation Flow:
219--------------------------
220
221This is the intended start-up flow for boards. This should apply for both
222SPL and U-Boot proper (i.e. they both follow the same rules).
223
224Note: "SPL" stands for "Secondary Program Loader," which is explained in
225more detail later in this file.
226
227At present, SPL mostly uses a separate code path, but the function names
228and roles of each function are the same. Some boards or architectures
229may not conform to this.  At least most ARM boards which use
230CONFIG_SPL_FRAMEWORK conform to this.
231
232Execution typically starts with an architecture-specific (and possibly
233CPU-specific) start.S file, such as:
234
235	- arch/arm/cpu/armv7/start.S
236	- arch/powerpc/cpu/mpc83xx/start.S
237	- arch/mips/cpu/start.S
238
239and so on. From there, three functions are called; the purpose and
240limitations of each of these functions are described below.
241
242lowlevel_init():
243	- purpose: essential init to permit execution to reach board_init_f()
244	- no global_data or BSS
245	- there is no stack (ARMv7 may have one but it will soon be removed)
246	- must not set up SDRAM or use console
247	- must only do the bare minimum to allow execution to continue to
248		board_init_f()
249	- this is almost never needed
250	- return normally from this function
251
252board_init_f():
253	- purpose: set up the machine ready for running board_init_r():
254		i.e. SDRAM and serial UART
255	- global_data is available
256	- stack is in SRAM
257	- BSS is not available, so you cannot use global/static variables,
258		only stack variables and global_data
259
260	Non-SPL-specific notes:
261	- dram_init() is called to set up DRAM. If already done in SPL this
262		can do nothing
263
264	SPL-specific notes:
265	- you can override the entire board_init_f() function with your own
266		version as needed.
267	- preloader_console_init() can be called here in extremis
268	- should set up SDRAM, and anything needed to make the UART work
269	- these is no need to clear BSS, it will be done by crt0.S
270	- must return normally from this function (don't call board_init_r()
271		directly)
272
273Here the BSS is cleared. For SPL, if CONFIG_SPL_STACK_R is defined, then at
274this point the stack and global_data are relocated to below
275CONFIG_SPL_STACK_R_ADDR. For non-SPL, U-Boot is relocated to run at the top of
276memory.
277
278board_init_r():
279	- purpose: main execution, common code
280	- global_data is available
281	- SDRAM is available
282	- BSS is available, all static/global variables can be used
283	- execution eventually continues to main_loop()
284
285	Non-SPL-specific notes:
286	- U-Boot is relocated to the top of memory and is now running from
287		there.
288
289	SPL-specific notes:
290	- stack is optionally in SDRAM, if CONFIG_SPL_STACK_R is defined and
291		CONFIG_SPL_STACK_R_ADDR points into SDRAM
292	- preloader_console_init() can be called here - typically this is
293		done by selecting CONFIG_SPL_BOARD_INIT and then supplying a
294		spl_board_init() function containing this call
295	- loads U-Boot or (in falcon mode) Linux
296
297
298
299Configuration Options:
300----------------------
301
302Configuration depends on the combination of board and CPU type; all
303such information is kept in a configuration file
304"include/configs/<board_name>.h".
305
306Example: For a TQM823L module, all configuration settings are in
307"include/configs/TQM823L.h".
308
309
310Many of the options are named exactly as the corresponding Linux
311kernel configuration options. The intention is to make it easier to
312build a config tool - later.
313
314- ARM Platform Bus Type(CCI):
315		CoreLink Cache Coherent Interconnect (CCI) is ARM BUS which
316		provides full cache coherency between two clusters of multi-core
317		CPUs and I/O coherency for devices and I/O masters
318
319		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_HAS_CCI400
320
321		Defined For SoC that has cache coherent interconnect
322		CCN-400
323
324		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_HAS_CCN504
325
326		Defined for SoC that has cache coherent interconnect CCN-504
327
328The following options need to be configured:
329
330- CPU Type:	Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC85XX.
331
332- Board Type:	Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC8540ADS.
333
334- 85xx CPU Options:
335		CONFIG_SYS_PPC64
336
337		Specifies that the core is a 64-bit PowerPC implementation (implements
338		the "64" category of the Power ISA). This is necessary for ePAPR
339		compliance, among other possible reasons.
340
341		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_TBCLK_DIV
342
343		Defines the core time base clock divider ratio compared to the
344		system clock.  On most PQ3 devices this is 8, on newer QorIQ
345		devices it can be 16 or 32.  The ratio varies from SoC to Soc.
346
347		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_PCIE_COMPAT
348
349		Defines the string to utilize when trying to match PCIe device
350		tree nodes for the given platform.
351
352		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_ERRATUM_A004510
353
354		Enables a workaround for erratum A004510.  If set,
355		then CONFIG_SYS_FSL_ERRATUM_A004510_SVR_REV and
356		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_CORENET_SNOOPVEC_COREONLY must be set.
357
358		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_ERRATUM_A004510_SVR_REV
359		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_ERRATUM_A004510_SVR_REV2 (optional)
360
361		Defines one or two SoC revisions (low 8 bits of SVR)
362		for which the A004510 workaround should be applied.
363
364		The rest of SVR is either not relevant to the decision
365		of whether the erratum is present (e.g. p2040 versus
366		p2041) or is implied by the build target, which controls
367		whether CONFIG_SYS_FSL_ERRATUM_A004510 is set.
368
369		See Freescale App Note 4493 for more information about
370		this erratum.
371
372		CONFIG_A003399_NOR_WORKAROUND
373		Enables a workaround for IFC erratum A003399. It is only
374		required during NOR boot.
375
376		CONFIG_A008044_WORKAROUND
377		Enables a workaround for T1040/T1042 erratum A008044. It is only
378		required during NAND boot and valid for Rev 1.0 SoC revision
379
380		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_CORENET_SNOOPVEC_COREONLY
381
382		This is the value to write into CCSR offset 0x18600
383		according to the A004510 workaround.
384
385		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DSP_DDR_ADDR
386		This value denotes start offset of DDR memory which is
387		connected exclusively to the DSP cores.
388
389		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DSP_M2_RAM_ADDR
390		This value denotes start offset of M2 memory
391		which is directly connected to the DSP core.
392
393		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DSP_M3_RAM_ADDR
394		This value denotes start offset of M3 memory which is directly
395		connected to the DSP core.
396
397		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DSP_CCSRBAR_DEFAULT
398		This value denotes start offset of DSP CCSR space.
399
400		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_SINGLE_SOURCE_CLK
401		Single Source Clock is clocking mode present in some of FSL SoC's.
402		In this mode, a single differential clock is used to supply
403		clocks to the sysclock, ddrclock and usbclock.
404
405		CONFIG_SYS_CPC_REINIT_F
406		This CONFIG is defined when the CPC is configured as SRAM at the
407		time of U-Boot entry and is required to be re-initialized.
408
409		CONFIG_DEEP_SLEEP
410		Indicates this SoC supports deep sleep feature. If deep sleep is
411		supported, core will start to execute uboot when wakes up.
412
413- Generic CPU options:
414		CONFIG_SYS_BIG_ENDIAN, CONFIG_SYS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
415
416		Defines the endianess of the CPU. Implementation of those
417		values is arch specific.
418
419		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR
420		Freescale DDR driver in use. This type of DDR controller is
421		found in mpc83xx, mpc85xx, mpc86xx as well as some ARM core
422		SoCs.
423
424		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_ADDR
425		Freescale DDR memory-mapped register base.
426
427		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_EMU
428		Specify emulator support for DDR. Some DDR features such as
429		deskew training are not available.
430
431		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDRC_GEN1
432		Freescale DDR1 controller.
433
434		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDRC_GEN2
435		Freescale DDR2 controller.
436
437		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDRC_GEN3
438		Freescale DDR3 controller.
439
440		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDRC_GEN4
441		Freescale DDR4 controller.
442
443		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDRC_ARM_GEN3
444		Freescale DDR3 controller for ARM-based SoCs.
445
446		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR1
447		Board config to use DDR1. It can be enabled for SoCs with
448		Freescale DDR1 or DDR2 controllers, depending on the board
449		implemetation.
450
451		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR2
452		Board config to use DDR2. It can be enabled for SoCs with
453		Freescale DDR2 or DDR3 controllers, depending on the board
454		implementation.
455
456		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR3
457		Board config to use DDR3. It can be enabled for SoCs with
458		Freescale DDR3 or DDR3L controllers.
459
460		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR3L
461		Board config to use DDR3L. It can be enabled for SoCs with
462		DDR3L controllers.
463
464		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR4
465		Board config to use DDR4. It can be enabled for SoCs with
466		DDR4 controllers.
467
468		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_IFC_BE
469		Defines the IFC controller register space as Big Endian
470
471		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_IFC_LE
472		Defines the IFC controller register space as Little Endian
473
474		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_IFC_CLK_DIV
475		Defines divider of platform clock(clock input to IFC controller).
476
477		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_LBC_CLK_DIV
478		Defines divider of platform clock(clock input to eLBC controller).
479
480		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_PBL_PBI
481		It enables addition of RCW (Power on reset configuration) in built image.
482		Please refer doc/README.pblimage for more details
483
484		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_PBL_RCW
485		It adds PBI(pre-boot instructions) commands in u-boot build image.
486		PBI commands can be used to configure SoC before it starts the execution.
487		Please refer doc/README.pblimage for more details
488
489		CONFIG_SPL_FSL_PBL
490		It adds a target to create boot binary having SPL binary in PBI format
491		concatenated with u-boot binary.
492
493		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_BE
494		Defines the DDR controller register space as Big Endian
495
496		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_LE
497		Defines the DDR controller register space as Little Endian
498
499		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_SDRAM_BASE_PHY
500		Physical address from the view of DDR controllers. It is the
501		same as CONFIG_SYS_DDR_SDRAM_BASE for  all Power SoCs. But
502		it could be different for ARM SoCs.
503
504		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_INTLV_256B
505		DDR controller interleaving on 256-byte. This is a special
506		interleaving mode, handled by Dickens for Freescale layerscape
507		SoCs with ARM core.
508
509		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_DDR_MAIN_NUM_CTRLS
510		Number of controllers used as main memory.
511
512		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_OTHER_DDR_NUM_CTRLS
513		Number of controllers used for other than main memory.
514
515		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_HAS_DP_DDR
516		Defines the SoC has DP-DDR used for DPAA.
517
518		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_SEC_BE
519		Defines the SEC controller register space as Big Endian
520
521		CONFIG_SYS_FSL_SEC_LE
522		Defines the SEC controller register space as Little Endian
523
524- MIPS CPU options:
525		CONFIG_SYS_INIT_SP_OFFSET
526
527		Offset relative to CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE for initial stack
528		pointer. This is needed for the temporary stack before
529		relocation.
530
531		CONFIG_XWAY_SWAP_BYTES
532
533		Enable compilation of tools/xway-swap-bytes needed for Lantiq
534		XWAY SoCs for booting from NOR flash. The U-Boot image needs to
535		be swapped if a flash programmer is used.
536
537- ARM options:
538		CONFIG_SYS_EXCEPTION_VECTORS_HIGH
539
540		Select high exception vectors of the ARM core, e.g., do not
541		clear the V bit of the c1 register of CP15.
542
543		COUNTER_FREQUENCY
544		Generic timer clock source frequency.
545
546		COUNTER_FREQUENCY_REAL
547		Generic timer clock source frequency if the real clock is
548		different from COUNTER_FREQUENCY, and can only be determined
549		at run time.
550
551- Tegra SoC options:
552		CONFIG_TEGRA_SUPPORT_NON_SECURE
553
554		Support executing U-Boot in non-secure (NS) mode. Certain
555		impossible actions will be skipped if the CPU is in NS mode,
556		such as ARM architectural timer initialization.
557
558- Linux Kernel Interface:
559		CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ
560
561		U-Boot stores all clock information in Hz
562		internally. For binary compatibility with older Linux
563		kernels (which expect the clocks passed in the
564		bd_info data to be in MHz) the environment variable
565		"clocks_in_mhz" can be defined so that U-Boot
566		converts clock data to MHZ before passing it to the
567		Linux kernel.
568		When CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ is defined, a definition of
569		"clocks_in_mhz=1" is automatically included in the
570		default environment.
571
572		CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES		[relevant for MIPS only]
573
574		When transferring memsize parameter to Linux, some versions
575		expect it to be in bytes, others in MB.
576		Define CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES to make it in bytes.
577
578		CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
579
580		New kernel versions are expecting firmware settings to be
581		passed using flattened device trees (based on open firmware
582		concepts).
583
584		CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
585		 * New libfdt-based support
586		 * Adds the "fdt" command
587		 * The bootm command automatically updates the fdt
588
589		OF_TBCLK - The timebase frequency.
590		OF_STDOUT_PATH - The path to the console device
591
592		boards with QUICC Engines require OF_QE to set UCC MAC
593		addresses
594
595		CONFIG_OF_BOARD_SETUP
596
597		Board code has addition modification that it wants to make
598		to the flat device tree before handing it off to the kernel
599
600		CONFIG_OF_SYSTEM_SETUP
601
602		Other code has addition modification that it wants to make
603		to the flat device tree before handing it off to the kernel.
604		This causes ft_system_setup() to be called before booting
605		the kernel.
606
607		CONFIG_OF_IDE_FIXUP
608
609		U-Boot can detect if an IDE device is present or not.
610		If not, and this new config option is activated, U-Boot
611		removes the ATA node from the DTS before booting Linux,
612		so the Linux IDE driver does not probe the device and
613		crash. This is needed for buggy hardware (uc101) where
614		no pull down resistor is connected to the signal IDE5V_DD7.
615
616		CONFIG_MACH_TYPE	[relevant for ARM only][mandatory]
617
618		This setting is mandatory for all boards that have only one
619		machine type and must be used to specify the machine type
620		number as it appears in the ARM machine registry
621		(see http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/machines/).
622		Only boards that have multiple machine types supported
623		in a single configuration file and the machine type is
624		runtime discoverable, do not have to use this setting.
625
626- vxWorks boot parameters:
627
628		bootvx constructs a valid bootline using the following
629		environments variables: bootdev, bootfile, ipaddr, netmask,
630		serverip, gatewayip, hostname, othbootargs.
631		It loads the vxWorks image pointed bootfile.
632
633		Note: If a "bootargs" environment is defined, it will overwride
634		the defaults discussed just above.
635
636- Cache Configuration:
637		CONFIG_SYS_ICACHE_OFF - Do not enable instruction cache in U-Boot
638		CONFIG_SYS_DCACHE_OFF - Do not enable data cache in U-Boot
639		CONFIG_SYS_L2CACHE_OFF- Do not enable L2 cache in U-Boot
640
641- Cache Configuration for ARM:
642		CONFIG_SYS_L2_PL310 - Enable support for ARM PL310 L2 cache
643				      controller
644		CONFIG_SYS_PL310_BASE - Physical base address of PL310
645					controller register space
646
647- Serial Ports:
648		CONFIG_PL010_SERIAL
649
650		Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL010 UARTs.
651
652		CONFIG_PL011_SERIAL
653
654		Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs.
655
656		CONFIG_PL011_CLOCK
657
658		If you have Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs, set this variable to
659		the clock speed of the UARTs.
660
661		CONFIG_PL01x_PORTS
662
663		If you have Amba PrimeCell PL010 or PL011 UARTs on your board,
664		define this to a list of base addresses for each (supported)
665		port. See e.g. include/configs/versatile.h
666
667		CONFIG_SERIAL_HW_FLOW_CONTROL
668
669		Define this variable to enable hw flow control in serial driver.
670		Current user of this option is drivers/serial/nsl16550.c driver
671
672- Console Baudrate:
673		CONFIG_BAUDRATE - in bps
674		Select one of the baudrates listed in
675		CONFIG_SYS_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
676
677- Autoboot Command:
678		CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
679		Only needed when CONFIG_BOOTDELAY is enabled;
680		define a command string that is automatically executed
681		when no character is read on the console interface
682		within "Boot Delay" after reset.
683
684		CONFIG_RAMBOOT and CONFIG_NFSBOOT
685		The value of these goes into the environment as
686		"ramboot" and "nfsboot" respectively, and can be used
687		as a convenience, when switching between booting from
688		RAM and NFS.
689
690- Pre-Boot Commands:
691		CONFIG_PREBOOT
692
693		When this option is #defined, the existence of the
694		environment variable "preboot" will be checked
695		immediately before starting the CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
696		countdown and/or running the auto-boot command resp.
697		entering interactive mode.
698
699		This feature is especially useful when "preboot" is
700		automatically generated or modified. For an example
701		see the LWMON board specific code: here "preboot" is
702		modified when the user holds down a certain
703		combination of keys on the (special) keyboard when
704		booting the systems
705
706- Serial Download Echo Mode:
707		CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
708		If defined to 1, all characters received during a
709		serial download (using the "loads" command) are
710		echoed back. This might be needed by some terminal
711		emulations (like "cu"), but may as well just take
712		time on others. This setting #define's the initial
713		value of the "loads_echo" environment variable.
714
715- Kgdb Serial Baudrate: (if CONFIG_CMD_KGDB is defined)
716		CONFIG_KGDB_BAUDRATE
717		Select one of the baudrates listed in
718		CONFIG_SYS_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
719
720- Removal of commands
721		If no commands are needed to boot, you can disable
722		CONFIG_CMDLINE to remove them. In this case, the command line
723		will not be available, and when U-Boot wants to execute the
724		boot command (on start-up) it will call board_run_command()
725		instead. This can reduce image size significantly for very
726		simple boot procedures.
727
728- Regular expression support:
729		CONFIG_REGEX
730		If this variable is defined, U-Boot is linked against
731		the SLRE (Super Light Regular Expression) library,
732		which adds regex support to some commands, as for
733		example "env grep" and "setexpr".
734
735- Device tree:
736		CONFIG_OF_CONTROL
737		If this variable is defined, U-Boot will use a device tree
738		to configure its devices, instead of relying on statically
739		compiled #defines in the board file. This option is
740		experimental and only available on a few boards. The device
741		tree is available in the global data as gd->fdt_blob.
742
743		U-Boot needs to get its device tree from somewhere. This can
744		be done using one of the three options below:
745
746		CONFIG_OF_EMBED
747		If this variable is defined, U-Boot will embed a device tree
748		binary in its image. This device tree file should be in the
749		board directory and called <soc>-<board>.dts. The binary file
750		is then picked up in board_init_f() and made available through
751		the global data structure as gd->fdt_blob.
752
753		CONFIG_OF_SEPARATE
754		If this variable is defined, U-Boot will build a device tree
755		binary. It will be called u-boot.dtb. Architecture-specific
756		code will locate it at run-time. Generally this works by:
757
758			cat u-boot.bin u-boot.dtb >image.bin
759
760		and in fact, U-Boot does this for you, creating a file called
761		u-boot-dtb.bin which is useful in the common case. You can
762		still use the individual files if you need something more
763		exotic.
764
765		CONFIG_OF_BOARD
766		If this variable is defined, U-Boot will use the device tree
767		provided by the board at runtime instead of embedding one with
768		the image. Only boards defining board_fdt_blob_setup() support
769		this option (see include/fdtdec.h file).
770
771- Watchdog:
772		CONFIG_WATCHDOG
773		If this variable is defined, it enables watchdog
774		support for the SoC. There must be support in the SoC
775		specific code for a watchdog. For the 8xx
776		CPUs, the SIU Watchdog feature is enabled in the SYPCR
777		register.  When supported for a specific SoC is
778		available, then no further board specific code should
779		be needed to use it.
780
781		CONFIG_HW_WATCHDOG
782		When using a watchdog circuitry external to the used
783		SoC, then define this variable and provide board
784		specific code for the "hw_watchdog_reset" function.
785
786		CONFIG_AT91_HW_WDT_TIMEOUT
787		specify the timeout in seconds. default 2 seconds.
788
789- Real-Time Clock:
790
791		When CONFIG_CMD_DATE is selected, the type of the RTC
792		has to be selected, too. Define exactly one of the
793		following options:
794
795		CONFIG_RTC_PCF8563	- use Philips PCF8563 RTC
796		CONFIG_RTC_MC13XXX	- use MC13783 or MC13892 RTC
797		CONFIG_RTC_MC146818	- use MC146818 RTC
798		CONFIG_RTC_DS1307	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1307 RTC
799		CONFIG_RTC_DS1337	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1337 RTC
800		CONFIG_RTC_DS1338	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1338 RTC
801		CONFIG_RTC_DS1339	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1339 RTC
802		CONFIG_RTC_DS164x	- use Dallas DS164x RTC
803		CONFIG_RTC_ISL1208	- use Intersil ISL1208 RTC
804		CONFIG_RTC_MAX6900	- use Maxim, Inc. MAX6900 RTC
805		CONFIG_RTC_DS1337_NOOSC	- Turn off the OSC output for DS1337
806		CONFIG_SYS_RV3029_TCR	- enable trickle charger on
807					  RV3029 RTC.
808
809		Note that if the RTC uses I2C, then the I2C interface
810		must also be configured. See I2C Support, below.
811
812- GPIO Support:
813		CONFIG_PCA953X		- use NXP's PCA953X series I2C GPIO
814
815		The CONFIG_SYS_I2C_PCA953X_WIDTH option specifies a list of
816		chip-ngpio pairs that tell the PCA953X driver the number of
817		pins supported by a particular chip.
818
819		Note that if the GPIO device uses I2C, then the I2C interface
820		must also be configured. See I2C Support, below.
821
822- I/O tracing:
823		When CONFIG_IO_TRACE is selected, U-Boot intercepts all I/O
824		accesses and can checksum them or write a list of them out
825		to memory. See the 'iotrace' command for details. This is
826		useful for testing device drivers since it can confirm that
827		the driver behaves the same way before and after a code
828		change. Currently this is supported on sandbox and arm. To
829		add support for your architecture, add '#include <iotrace.h>'
830		to the bottom of arch/<arch>/include/asm/io.h and test.
831
832		Example output from the 'iotrace stats' command is below.
833		Note that if the trace buffer is exhausted, the checksum will
834		still continue to operate.
835
836			iotrace is enabled
837			Start:  10000000	(buffer start address)
838			Size:   00010000	(buffer size)
839			Offset: 00000120	(current buffer offset)
840			Output: 10000120	(start + offset)
841			Count:  00000018	(number of trace records)
842			CRC32:  9526fb66	(CRC32 of all trace records)
843
844- Timestamp Support:
845
846		When CONFIG_TIMESTAMP is selected, the timestamp
847		(date and time) of an image is printed by image
848		commands like bootm or iminfo. This option is
849		automatically enabled when you select CONFIG_CMD_DATE .
850
851- Partition Labels (disklabels) Supported:
852		Zero or more of the following:
853		CONFIG_MAC_PARTITION   Apple's MacOS partition table.
854		CONFIG_ISO_PARTITION   ISO partition table, used on CDROM etc.
855		CONFIG_EFI_PARTITION   GPT partition table, common when EFI is the
856				       bootloader.  Note 2TB partition limit; see
857				       disk/part_efi.c
858		CONFIG_SCSI) you must configure support for at
859		least one non-MTD partition type as well.
860
861- IDE Reset method:
862		CONFIG_IDE_RESET_ROUTINE - this is defined in several
863		board configurations files but used nowhere!
864
865		CONFIG_IDE_RESET - is this is defined, IDE Reset will
866		be performed by calling the function
867			ide_set_reset(int reset)
868		which has to be defined in a board specific file
869
870- ATAPI Support:
871		CONFIG_ATAPI
872
873		Set this to enable ATAPI support.
874
875- LBA48 Support
876		CONFIG_LBA48
877
878		Set this to enable support for disks larger than 137GB
879		Also look at CONFIG_SYS_64BIT_LBA.
880		Whithout these , LBA48 support uses 32bit variables and will 'only'
881		support disks up to 2.1TB.
882
883		CONFIG_SYS_64BIT_LBA:
884			When enabled, makes the IDE subsystem use 64bit sector addresses.
885			Default is 32bit.
886
887- SCSI Support:
888		CONFIG_SYS_SCSI_MAX_LUN [8], CONFIG_SYS_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID [7] and
889		CONFIG_SYS_SCSI_MAX_DEVICE [CONFIG_SYS_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID *
890		CONFIG_SYS_SCSI_MAX_LUN] can be adjusted to define the
891		maximum numbers of LUNs, SCSI ID's and target
892		devices.
893
894		The environment variable 'scsidevs' is set to the number of
895		SCSI devices found during the last scan.
896
897- NETWORK Support (PCI):
898		CONFIG_E1000
899		Support for Intel 8254x/8257x gigabit chips.
900
901		CONFIG_E1000_SPI
902		Utility code for direct access to the SPI bus on Intel 8257x.
903		This does not do anything useful unless you set at least one
904		of CONFIG_CMD_E1000 or CONFIG_E1000_SPI_GENERIC.
905
906		CONFIG_E1000_SPI_GENERIC
907		Allow generic access to the SPI bus on the Intel 8257x, for
908		example with the "sspi" command.
909
910		CONFIG_EEPRO100
911		Support for Intel 82557/82559/82559ER chips.
912		Optional CONFIG_EEPRO100_SROM_WRITE enables EEPROM
913		write routine for first time initialisation.
914
915		CONFIG_TULIP
916		Support for Digital 2114x chips.
917		Optional CONFIG_TULIP_SELECT_MEDIA for board specific
918		modem chip initialisation (KS8761/QS6611).
919
920		CONFIG_NATSEMI
921		Support for National dp83815 chips.
922
923		CONFIG_NS8382X
924		Support for National dp8382[01] gigabit chips.
925
926- NETWORK Support (other):
927
928		CONFIG_DRIVER_AT91EMAC
929		Support for AT91RM9200 EMAC.
930
931			CONFIG_RMII
932			Define this to use reduced MII inteface
933
934			CONFIG_DRIVER_AT91EMAC_QUIET
935			If this defined, the driver is quiet.
936			The driver doen't show link status messages.
937
938		CONFIG_CALXEDA_XGMAC
939		Support for the Calxeda XGMAC device
940
941		CONFIG_LAN91C96
942		Support for SMSC's LAN91C96 chips.
943
944			CONFIG_LAN91C96_USE_32_BIT
945			Define this to enable 32 bit addressing
946
947		CONFIG_SMC91111
948		Support for SMSC's LAN91C111 chip
949
950			CONFIG_SMC91111_BASE
951			Define this to hold the physical address
952			of the device (I/O space)
953
954			CONFIG_SMC_USE_32_BIT
955			Define this if data bus is 32 bits
956
957			CONFIG_SMC_USE_IOFUNCS
958			Define this to use i/o functions instead of macros
959			(some hardware wont work with macros)
960
961			CONFIG_SYS_DAVINCI_EMAC_PHY_COUNT
962			Define this if you have more then 3 PHYs.
963
964		CONFIG_FTGMAC100
965		Support for Faraday's FTGMAC100 Gigabit SoC Ethernet
966
967			CONFIG_FTGMAC100_EGIGA
968			Define this to use GE link update with gigabit PHY.
969			Define this if FTGMAC100 is connected to gigabit PHY.
970			If your system has 10/100 PHY only, it might not occur
971			wrong behavior. Because PHY usually return timeout or
972			useless data when polling gigabit status and gigabit
973			control registers. This behavior won't affect the
974			correctnessof 10/100 link speed update.
975
976		CONFIG_SH_ETHER
977		Support for Renesas on-chip Ethernet controller
978
979			CONFIG_SH_ETHER_USE_PORT
980			Define the number of ports to be used
981
982			CONFIG_SH_ETHER_PHY_ADDR
983			Define the ETH PHY's address
984
985			CONFIG_SH_ETHER_CACHE_WRITEBACK
986			If this option is set, the driver enables cache flush.
987
988- PWM Support:
989		CONFIG_PWM_IMX
990		Support for PWM module on the imx6.
991
992- TPM Support:
993		CONFIG_TPM
994		Support TPM devices.
995
996		CONFIG_TPM_TIS_INFINEON
997		Support for Infineon i2c bus TPM devices. Only one device
998		per system is supported at this time.
999
1000			CONFIG_TPM_TIS_I2C_BURST_LIMITATION
1001			Define the burst count bytes upper limit
1002
1003		CONFIG_TPM_ST33ZP24
1004		Support for STMicroelectronics TPM devices. Requires DM_TPM support.
1005
1006			CONFIG_TPM_ST33ZP24_I2C
1007			Support for STMicroelectronics ST33ZP24 I2C devices.
1008			Requires TPM_ST33ZP24 and I2C.
1009
1010			CONFIG_TPM_ST33ZP24_SPI
1011			Support for STMicroelectronics ST33ZP24 SPI devices.
1012			Requires TPM_ST33ZP24 and SPI.
1013
1014		CONFIG_TPM_ATMEL_TWI
1015		Support for Atmel TWI TPM device. Requires I2C support.
1016
1017		CONFIG_TPM_TIS_LPC
1018		Support for generic parallel port TPM devices. Only one device
1019		per system is supported at this time.
1020
1021			CONFIG_TPM_TIS_BASE_ADDRESS
1022			Base address where the generic TPM device is mapped
1023			to. Contemporary x86 systems usually map it at
1024			0xfed40000.
1025
1026		CONFIG_TPM
1027		Define this to enable the TPM support library which provides
1028		functional interfaces to some TPM commands.
1029		Requires support for a TPM device.
1030
1031		CONFIG_TPM_AUTH_SESSIONS
1032		Define this to enable authorized functions in the TPM library.
1033		Requires CONFIG_TPM and CONFIG_SHA1.
1034
1035- USB Support:
1036		At the moment only the UHCI host controller is
1037		supported (PIP405, MIP405); define
1038		CONFIG_USB_UHCI to enable it.
1039		define CONFIG_USB_KEYBOARD to enable the USB Keyboard
1040		and define CONFIG_USB_STORAGE to enable the USB
1041		storage devices.
1042		Note:
1043		Supported are USB Keyboards and USB Floppy drives
1044		(TEAC FD-05PUB).
1045
1046		CONFIG_USB_EHCI_TXFIFO_THRESH enables setting of the
1047		txfilltuning field in the EHCI controller on reset.
1048
1049		CONFIG_USB_DWC2_REG_ADDR the physical CPU address of the DWC2
1050		HW module registers.
1051
1052- USB Device:
1053		Define the below if you wish to use the USB console.
1054		Once firmware is rebuilt from a serial console issue the
1055		command "setenv stdin usbtty; setenv stdout usbtty" and
1056		attach your USB cable. The Unix command "dmesg" should print
1057		it has found a new device. The environment variable usbtty
1058		can be set to gserial or cdc_acm to enable your device to
1059		appear to a USB host as a Linux gserial device or a
1060		Common Device Class Abstract Control Model serial device.
1061		If you select usbtty = gserial you should be able to enumerate
1062		a Linux host by
1063		# modprobe usbserial vendor=0xVendorID product=0xProductID
1064		else if using cdc_acm, simply setting the environment
1065		variable usbtty to be cdc_acm should suffice. The following
1066		might be defined in YourBoardName.h
1067
1068			CONFIG_USB_DEVICE
1069			Define this to build a UDC device
1070
1071			CONFIG_USB_TTY
1072			Define this to have a tty type of device available to
1073			talk to the UDC device
1074
1075			CONFIG_USBD_HS
1076			Define this to enable the high speed support for usb
1077			device and usbtty. If this feature is enabled, a routine
1078			int is_usbd_high_speed(void)
1079			also needs to be defined by the driver to dynamically poll
1080			whether the enumeration has succeded at high speed or full
1081			speed.
1082
1083			CONFIG_SYS_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
1084			Define this if you want stdin, stdout &/or stderr to
1085			be set to usbtty.
1086
1087		If you have a USB-IF assigned VendorID then you may wish to
1088		define your own vendor specific values either in BoardName.h
1089		or directly in usbd_vendor_info.h. If you don't define
1090		CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER, CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME,
1091		CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID and CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID, then U-Boot
1092		should pretend to be a Linux device to it's target host.
1093
1094			CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER
1095			Define this string as the name of your company for
1096			- CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER "my company"
1097
1098			CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME
1099			Define this string as the name of your product
1100			- CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME "acme usb device"
1101
1102			CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID
1103			Define this as your assigned Vendor ID from the USB
1104			Implementors Forum. This *must* be a genuine Vendor ID
1105			to avoid polluting the USB namespace.
1106			- CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID 0xFFFF
1107
1108			CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID
1109			Define this as the unique Product ID
1110			for your device
1111			- CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID 0xFFFF
1112
1113- ULPI Layer Support:
1114		The ULPI (UTMI Low Pin (count) Interface) PHYs are supported via
1115		the generic ULPI layer. The generic layer accesses the ULPI PHY
1116		via the platform viewport, so you need both the genric layer and
1117		the viewport enabled. Currently only Chipidea/ARC based
1118		viewport is supported.
1119		To enable the ULPI layer support, define CONFIG_USB_ULPI and
1120		CONFIG_USB_ULPI_VIEWPORT in your board configuration file.
1121		If your ULPI phy needs a different reference clock than the
1122		standard 24 MHz then you have to define CONFIG_ULPI_REF_CLK to
1123		the appropriate value in Hz.
1124
1125- MMC Support:
1126		The MMC controller on the Intel PXA is supported. To
1127		enable this define CONFIG_MMC. The MMC can be
1128		accessed from the boot prompt by mapping the device
1129		to physical memory similar to flash. Command line is
1130		enabled with CONFIG_CMD_MMC. The MMC driver also works with
1131		the FAT fs. This is enabled with CONFIG_CMD_FAT.
1132
1133		CONFIG_SH_MMCIF
1134		Support for Renesas on-chip MMCIF controller
1135
1136			CONFIG_SH_MMCIF_ADDR
1137			Define the base address of MMCIF registers
1138
1139			CONFIG_SH_MMCIF_CLK
1140			Define the clock frequency for MMCIF
1141
1142		CONFIG_SUPPORT_EMMC_BOOT
1143		Enable some additional features of the eMMC boot partitions.
1144
1145- USB Device Firmware Update (DFU) class support:
1146		CONFIG_DFU_OVER_USB
1147		This enables the USB portion of the DFU USB class
1148
1149		CONFIG_DFU_MMC
1150		This enables support for exposing (e)MMC devices via DFU.
1151
1152		CONFIG_DFU_NAND
1153		This enables support for exposing NAND devices via DFU.
1154
1155		CONFIG_DFU_RAM
1156		This enables support for exposing RAM via DFU.
1157		Note: DFU spec refer to non-volatile memory usage, but
1158		allow usages beyond the scope of spec - here RAM usage,
1159		one that would help mostly the developer.
1160
1161		CONFIG_SYS_DFU_DATA_BUF_SIZE
1162		Dfu transfer uses a buffer before writing data to the
1163		raw storage device. Make the size (in bytes) of this buffer
1164		configurable. The size of this buffer is also configurable
1165		through the "dfu_bufsiz" environment variable.
1166
1167		CONFIG_SYS_DFU_MAX_FILE_SIZE
1168		When updating files rather than the raw storage device,
1169		we use a static buffer to copy the file into and then write
1170		the buffer once we've been given the whole file.  Define
1171		this to the maximum filesize (in bytes) for the buffer.
1172		Default is 4 MiB if undefined.
1173
1174		DFU_DEFAULT_POLL_TIMEOUT
1175		Poll timeout [ms], is the timeout a device can send to the
1176		host. The host must wait for this timeout before sending
1177		a subsequent DFU_GET_STATUS request to the device.
1178
1179		DFU_MANIFEST_POLL_TIMEOUT
1180		Poll timeout [ms], which the device sends to the host when
1181		entering dfuMANIFEST state. Host waits this timeout, before
1182		sending again an USB request to the device.
1183
1184- Journaling Flash filesystem support:
1185		CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND
1186		Define these for a default partition on a NAND device
1187
1188		CONFIG_SYS_JFFS2_FIRST_SECTOR,
1189		CONFIG_SYS_JFFS2_FIRST_BANK, CONFIG_SYS_JFFS2_NUM_BANKS
1190		Define these for a default partition on a NOR device
1191
1192- Keyboard Support:
1193		See Kconfig help for available keyboard drivers.
1194
1195		CONFIG_KEYBOARD
1196
1197		Define this to enable a custom keyboard support.
1198		This simply calls drv_keyboard_init() which must be
1199		defined in your board-specific files. This option is deprecated
1200		and is only used by novena. For new boards, use driver model
1201		instead.
1202
1203- Video support:
1204		CONFIG_FSL_DIU_FB
1205		Enable the Freescale DIU video driver.	Reference boards for
1206		SOCs that have a DIU should define this macro to enable DIU
1207		support, and should also define these other macros:
1208
1209			CONFIG_SYS_DIU_ADDR
1210			CONFIG_VIDEO
1211			CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE
1212			CONFIG_VIDEO_SW_CURSOR
1213			CONFIG_VGA_AS_SINGLE_DEVICE
1214			CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO
1215			CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_LOGO
1216
1217		The DIU driver will look for the 'video-mode' environment
1218		variable, and if defined, enable the DIU as a console during
1219		boot.  See the documentation file doc/README.video for a
1220		description of this variable.
1221
1222- LCD Support:	CONFIG_LCD
1223
1224		Define this to enable LCD support (for output to LCD
1225		display); also select one of the supported displays
1226		by defining one of these:
1227
1228		CONFIG_ATMEL_LCD:
1229
1230			HITACHI TX09D70VM1CCA, 3.5", 240x320.
1231
1232		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448AC33:
1233
1234			NEC NL6448AC33-18. Active, color, single scan.
1235
1236		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC20
1237
1238			NEC NL6448BC20-08. 6.5", 640x480.
1239			Active, color, single scan.
1240
1241		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC33_54
1242
1243			NEC NL6448BC33-54. 10.4", 640x480.
1244			Active, color, single scan.
1245
1246		CONFIG_SHARP_16x9
1247
1248			Sharp 320x240. Active, color, single scan.
1249			It isn't 16x9, and I am not sure what it is.
1250
1251		CONFIG_SHARP_LQ64D341
1252
1253			Sharp LQ64D341 display, 640x480.
1254			Active, color, single scan.
1255
1256		CONFIG_HLD1045
1257
1258			HLD1045 display, 640x480.
1259			Active, color, single scan.
1260
1261		CONFIG_OPTREX_BW
1262
1263			Optrex	 CBL50840-2 NF-FW 99 22 M5
1264			or
1265			Hitachi	 LMG6912RPFC-00T
1266			or
1267			Hitachi	 SP14Q002
1268
1269			320x240. Black & white.
1270
1271		CONFIG_LCD_ALIGNMENT
1272
1273		Normally the LCD is page-aligned (typically 4KB). If this is
1274		defined then the LCD will be aligned to this value instead.
1275		For ARM it is sometimes useful to use MMU_SECTION_SIZE
1276		here, since it is cheaper to change data cache settings on
1277		a per-section basis.
1278
1279
1280		CONFIG_LCD_ROTATION
1281
1282		Sometimes, for example if the display is mounted in portrait
1283		mode or even if it's mounted landscape but rotated by 180degree,
1284		we need to rotate our content of the display relative to the
1285		framebuffer, so that user can read the messages which are
1286		printed out.
1287		Once CONFIG_LCD_ROTATION is defined, the lcd_console will be
1288		initialized with a given rotation from "vl_rot" out of
1289		"vidinfo_t" which is provided by the board specific code.
1290		The value for vl_rot is coded as following (matching to
1291		fbcon=rotate:<n> linux-kernel commandline):
1292		0 = no rotation respectively 0 degree
1293		1 = 90 degree rotation
1294		2 = 180 degree rotation
1295		3 = 270 degree rotation
1296
1297		If CONFIG_LCD_ROTATION is not defined, the console will be
1298		initialized with 0degree rotation.
1299
1300		CONFIG_LCD_BMP_RLE8
1301
1302		Support drawing of RLE8-compressed bitmaps on the LCD.
1303
1304		CONFIG_I2C_EDID
1305
1306		Enables an 'i2c edid' command which can read EDID
1307		information over I2C from an attached LCD display.
1308
1309- Splash Screen Support: CONFIG_SPLASH_SCREEN
1310
1311		If this option is set, the environment is checked for
1312		a variable "splashimage". If found, the usual display
1313		of logo, copyright and system information on the LCD
1314		is suppressed and the BMP image at the address
1315		specified in "splashimage" is loaded instead. The
1316		console is redirected to the "nulldev", too. This
1317		allows for a "silent" boot where a splash screen is
1318		loaded very quickly after power-on.
1319
1320		CONFIG_SPLASHIMAGE_GUARD
1321
1322		If this option is set, then U-Boot will prevent the environment
1323		variable "splashimage" from being set to a problematic address
1324		(see doc/README.displaying-bmps).
1325		This option is useful for targets where, due to alignment
1326		restrictions, an improperly aligned BMP image will cause a data
1327		abort. If you think you will not have problems with unaligned
1328		accesses (for example because your toolchain prevents them)
1329		there is no need to set this option.
1330
1331		CONFIG_SPLASH_SCREEN_ALIGN
1332
1333		If this option is set the splash image can be freely positioned
1334		on the screen. Environment variable "splashpos" specifies the
1335		position as "x,y". If a positive number is given it is used as
1336		number of pixel from left/top. If a negative number is given it
1337		is used as number of pixel from right/bottom. You can also
1338		specify 'm' for centering the image.
1339
1340		Example:
1341		setenv splashpos m,m
1342			=> image at center of screen
1343
1344		setenv splashpos 30,20
1345			=> image at x = 30 and y = 20
1346
1347		setenv splashpos -10,m
1348			=> vertically centered image
1349			   at x = dspWidth - bmpWidth - 9
1350
1351- Gzip compressed BMP image support: CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_GZIP
1352
1353		If this option is set, additionally to standard BMP
1354		images, gzipped BMP images can be displayed via the
1355		splashscreen support or the bmp command.
1356
1357- Run length encoded BMP image (RLE8) support: CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_RLE8
1358
1359		If this option is set, 8-bit RLE compressed BMP images
1360		can be displayed via the splashscreen support or the
1361		bmp command.
1362
1363- Compression support:
1364		CONFIG_GZIP
1365
1366		Enabled by default to support gzip compressed images.
1367
1368		CONFIG_BZIP2
1369
1370		If this option is set, support for bzip2 compressed
1371		images is included. If not, only uncompressed and gzip
1372		compressed images are supported.
1373
1374		NOTE: the bzip2 algorithm requires a lot of RAM, so
1375		the malloc area (as defined by CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN) should
1376		be at least 4MB.
1377
1378- MII/PHY support:
1379		CONFIG_PHY_CLOCK_FREQ (ppc4xx)
1380
1381		The clock frequency of the MII bus
1382
1383		CONFIG_PHY_RESET_DELAY
1384
1385		Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1386		reset before any MII register access is possible.
1387		For such PHY, set this option to the usec delay
1388		required. (minimum 300usec for LXT971A)
1389
1390		CONFIG_PHY_CMD_DELAY (ppc4xx)
1391
1392		Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1393		command issued before MII status register can be read
1394
1395- IP address:
1396		CONFIG_IPADDR
1397
1398		Define a default value for the IP address to use for
1399		the default Ethernet interface, in case this is not
1400		determined through e.g. bootp.
1401		(Environment variable "ipaddr")
1402
1403- Server IP address:
1404		CONFIG_SERVERIP
1405
1406		Defines a default value for the IP address of a TFTP
1407		server to contact when using the "tftboot" command.
1408		(Environment variable "serverip")
1409
1410		CONFIG_KEEP_SERVERADDR
1411
1412		Keeps the server's MAC address, in the env 'serveraddr'
1413		for passing to bootargs (like Linux's netconsole option)
1414
1415- Gateway IP address:
1416		CONFIG_GATEWAYIP
1417
1418		Defines a default value for the IP address of the
1419		default router where packets to other networks are
1420		sent to.
1421		(Environment variable "gatewayip")
1422
1423- Subnet mask:
1424		CONFIG_NETMASK
1425
1426		Defines a default value for the subnet mask (or
1427		routing prefix) which is used to determine if an IP
1428		address belongs to the local subnet or needs to be
1429		forwarded through a router.
1430		(Environment variable "netmask")
1431
1432- BOOTP Recovery Mode:
1433		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1434
1435		If you have many targets in a network that try to
1436		boot using BOOTP, you may want to avoid that all
1437		systems send out BOOTP requests at precisely the same
1438		moment (which would happen for instance at recovery
1439		from a power failure, when all systems will try to
1440		boot, thus flooding the BOOTP server. Defining
1441		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY causes a random delay to be
1442		inserted before sending out BOOTP requests. The
1443		following delays are inserted then:
1444
1445		1st BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 1 sec
1446		2nd BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 2 sec
1447		3rd BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 4 sec
1448		4th and following
1449		BOOTP requests:		delay 0 ... 8 sec
1450
1451		CONFIG_BOOTP_ID_CACHE_SIZE
1452
1453		BOOTP packets are uniquely identified using a 32-bit ID. The
1454		server will copy the ID from client requests to responses and
1455		U-Boot will use this to determine if it is the destination of
1456		an incoming response. Some servers will check that addresses
1457		aren't in use before handing them out (usually using an ARP
1458		ping) and therefore take up to a few hundred milliseconds to
1459		respond. Network congestion may also influence the time it
1460		takes for a response to make it back to the client. If that
1461		time is too long, U-Boot will retransmit requests. In order
1462		to allow earlier responses to still be accepted after these
1463		retransmissions, U-Boot's BOOTP client keeps a small cache of
1464		IDs. The CONFIG_BOOTP_ID_CACHE_SIZE controls the size of this
1465		cache. The default is to keep IDs for up to four outstanding
1466		requests. Increasing this will allow U-Boot to accept offers
1467		from a BOOTP client in networks with unusually high latency.
1468
1469- DHCP Advanced Options:
1470		You can fine tune the DHCP functionality by defining
1471		CONFIG_BOOTP_* symbols:
1472
1473		CONFIG_BOOTP_NISDOMAIN
1474		CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTFILESIZE
1475		CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME
1476		CONFIG_BOOTP_NTPSERVER
1477		CONFIG_BOOTP_TIMEOFFSET
1478		CONFIG_BOOTP_VENDOREX
1479		CONFIG_BOOTP_MAY_FAIL
1480
1481		CONFIG_BOOTP_SERVERIP - TFTP server will be the serverip
1482		environment variable, not the BOOTP server.
1483
1484		CONFIG_BOOTP_MAY_FAIL - If the DHCP server is not found
1485		after the configured retry count, the call will fail
1486		instead of starting over.  This can be used to fail over
1487		to Link-local IP address configuration if the DHCP server
1488		is not available.
1489
1490		CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME - Some DHCP servers are capable
1491		to do a dynamic update of a DNS server. To do this, they
1492		need the hostname of the DHCP requester.
1493		If CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME is defined, the content
1494		of the "hostname" environment variable is passed as
1495		option 12 to the DHCP server.
1496
1497		CONFIG_BOOTP_DHCP_REQUEST_DELAY
1498
1499		A 32bit value in microseconds for a delay between
1500		receiving a "DHCP Offer" and sending the "DHCP Request".
1501		This fixes a problem with certain DHCP servers that don't
1502		respond 100% of the time to a "DHCP request". E.g. On an
1503		AT91RM9200 processor running at 180MHz, this delay needed
1504		to be *at least* 15,000 usec before a Windows Server 2003
1505		DHCP server would reply 100% of the time. I recommend at
1506		least 50,000 usec to be safe. The alternative is to hope
1507		that one of the retries will be successful but note that
1508		the DHCP timeout and retry process takes a longer than
1509		this delay.
1510
1511 - Link-local IP address negotiation:
1512		Negotiate with other link-local clients on the local network
1513		for an address that doesn't require explicit configuration.
1514		This is especially useful if a DHCP server cannot be guaranteed
1515		to exist in all environments that the device must operate.
1516
1517		See doc/README.link-local for more information.
1518
1519 - MAC address from environment variables
1520
1521		FDT_SEQ_MACADDR_FROM_ENV
1522
1523		Fix-up device tree with MAC addresses fetched sequentially from
1524		environment variables. This config work on assumption that
1525		non-usable ethernet node of device-tree are either not present
1526		or their status has been marked as "disabled".
1527
1528 - CDP Options:
1529		CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID
1530
1531		The device id used in CDP trigger frames.
1532
1533		CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID_PREFIX
1534
1535		A two character string which is prefixed to the MAC address
1536		of the device.
1537
1538		CONFIG_CDP_PORT_ID
1539
1540		A printf format string which contains the ascii name of
1541		the port. Normally is set to "eth%d" which sets
1542		eth0 for the first Ethernet, eth1 for the second etc.
1543
1544		CONFIG_CDP_CAPABILITIES
1545
1546		A 32bit integer which indicates the device capabilities;
1547		0x00000010 for a normal host which does not forwards.
1548
1549		CONFIG_CDP_VERSION
1550
1551		An ascii string containing the version of the software.
1552
1553		CONFIG_CDP_PLATFORM
1554
1555		An ascii string containing the name of the platform.
1556
1557		CONFIG_CDP_TRIGGER
1558
1559		A 32bit integer sent on the trigger.
1560
1561		CONFIG_CDP_POWER_CONSUMPTION
1562
1563		A 16bit integer containing the power consumption of the
1564		device in .1 of milliwatts.
1565
1566		CONFIG_CDP_APPLIANCE_VLAN_TYPE
1567
1568		A byte containing the id of the VLAN.
1569
1570- Status LED:	CONFIG_LED_STATUS
1571
1572		Several configurations allow to display the current
1573		status using a LED. For instance, the LED will blink
1574		fast while running U-Boot code, stop blinking as
1575		soon as a reply to a BOOTP request was received, and
1576		start blinking slow once the Linux kernel is running
1577		(supported by a status LED driver in the Linux
1578		kernel). Defining CONFIG_LED_STATUS enables this
1579		feature in U-Boot.
1580
1581		Additional options:
1582
1583		CONFIG_LED_STATUS_GPIO
1584		The status LED can be connected to a GPIO pin.
1585		In such cases, the gpio_led driver can be used as a
1586		status LED backend implementation. Define CONFIG_LED_STATUS_GPIO
1587		to include the gpio_led driver in the U-Boot binary.
1588
1589		CONFIG_GPIO_LED_INVERTED_TABLE
1590		Some GPIO connected LEDs may have inverted polarity in which
1591		case the GPIO high value corresponds to LED off state and
1592		GPIO low value corresponds to LED on state.
1593		In such cases CONFIG_GPIO_LED_INVERTED_TABLE may be defined
1594		with a list of GPIO LEDs that have inverted polarity.
1595
1596- I2C Support:	CONFIG_SYS_I2C
1597
1598		This enable the NEW i2c subsystem, and will allow you to use
1599		i2c commands at the u-boot command line (as long as you set
1600		CONFIG_CMD_I2C in CONFIG_COMMANDS) and communicate with i2c
1601		based realtime clock chips or other i2c devices. See
1602		common/cmd_i2c.c for a description of the command line
1603		interface.
1604
1605		ported i2c driver to the new framework:
1606		- drivers/i2c/soft_i2c.c:
1607		  - activate first bus with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT define
1608		    CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SPEED and CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SLAVE
1609		    for defining speed and slave address
1610		  - activate second bus with I2C_SOFT_DECLARATIONS2 define
1611		    CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SPEED_2 and CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SLAVE_2
1612		    for defining speed and slave address
1613		  - activate third bus with I2C_SOFT_DECLARATIONS3 define
1614		    CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SPEED_3 and CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SLAVE_3
1615		    for defining speed and slave address
1616		  - activate fourth bus with I2C_SOFT_DECLARATIONS4 define
1617		    CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SPEED_4 and CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT_SLAVE_4
1618		    for defining speed and slave address
1619
1620		- drivers/i2c/fsl_i2c.c:
1621		  - activate i2c driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_FSL
1622		    define CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C_OFFSET for setting the register
1623		    offset CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C_SPEED for the i2c speed and
1624		    CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C_SLAVE for the slave addr of the first
1625		    bus.
1626		  - If your board supports a second fsl i2c bus, define
1627		    CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C2_OFFSET for the register offset
1628		    CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C2_SPEED for the speed and
1629		    CONFIG_SYS_FSL_I2C2_SLAVE for the slave address of the
1630		    second bus.
1631
1632		- drivers/i2c/tegra_i2c.c:
1633		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_TEGRA
1634		  - This driver adds 4 i2c buses with a fix speed from
1635		    100000 and the slave addr 0!
1636
1637		- drivers/i2c/ppc4xx_i2c.c
1638		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_PPC4XX
1639		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_PPC4XX_CH0 activate hardware channel 0
1640		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_PPC4XX_CH1 activate hardware channel 1
1641
1642		- drivers/i2c/i2c_mxc.c
1643		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MXC
1644		  - enable bus 1 with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MXC_I2C1
1645		  - enable bus 2 with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MXC_I2C2
1646		  - enable bus 3 with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MXC_I2C3
1647		  - enable bus 4 with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MXC_I2C4
1648		  - define speed for bus 1 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C1_SPEED
1649		  - define slave for bus 1 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C1_SLAVE
1650		  - define speed for bus 2 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C2_SPEED
1651		  - define slave for bus 2 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C2_SLAVE
1652		  - define speed for bus 3 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C3_SPEED
1653		  - define slave for bus 3 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C3_SLAVE
1654		  - define speed for bus 4 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C4_SPEED
1655		  - define slave for bus 4 with CONFIG_SYS_MXC_I2C4_SLAVE
1656		If those defines are not set, default value is 100000
1657		for speed, and 0 for slave.
1658
1659		- drivers/i2c/rcar_i2c.c:
1660		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_RCAR
1661		  - This driver adds 4 i2c buses
1662
1663		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C0_BASE for setting the register channel 0
1664		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C0_SPEED for for the speed channel 0
1665		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C1_BASE for setting the register channel 1
1666		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C1_SPEED for for the speed channel 1
1667		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C2_BASE for setting the register channel 2
1668		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C2_SPEED for for the speed channel 2
1669		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C3_BASE for setting the register channel 3
1670		  - CONFIG_SYS_RCAR_I2C3_SPEED for for the speed channel 3
1671		  - CONFIF_SYS_RCAR_I2C_NUM_CONTROLLERS for number of i2c buses
1672
1673		- drivers/i2c/sh_i2c.c:
1674		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH
1675		  - This driver adds from 2 to 5 i2c buses
1676
1677		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_BASE0 for setting the register channel 0
1678		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_SPEED0 for for the speed channel 0
1679		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_BASE1 for setting the register channel 1
1680		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_SPEED1 for for the speed channel 1
1681		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_BASE2 for setting the register channel 2
1682		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_SPEED2 for for the speed channel 2
1683		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_BASE3 for setting the register channel 3
1684		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_SPEED3 for for the speed channel 3
1685		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_BASE4 for setting the register channel 4
1686		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_SPEED4 for for the speed channel 4
1687		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SH_NUM_CONTROLLERS for number of i2c buses
1688
1689		- drivers/i2c/omap24xx_i2c.c
1690		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_OMAP24XX
1691		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SPEED speed channel 0
1692		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SLAVE slave addr channel 0
1693		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SPEED1 speed channel 1
1694		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SLAVE1 slave addr channel 1
1695		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SPEED2 speed channel 2
1696		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SLAVE2 slave addr channel 2
1697		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SPEED3 speed channel 3
1698		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SLAVE3 slave addr channel 3
1699		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SPEED4 speed channel 4
1700		  - CONFIG_SYS_OMAP24_I2C_SLAVE4 slave addr channel 4
1701
1702		- drivers/i2c/zynq_i2c.c
1703		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_ZYNQ
1704		  - set CONFIG_SYS_I2C_ZYNQ_SPEED for speed setting
1705		  - set CONFIG_SYS_I2C_ZYNQ_SLAVE for slave addr
1706
1707		- drivers/i2c/s3c24x0_i2c.c:
1708		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_S3C24X0
1709		  - This driver adds i2c buses (11 for Exynos5250, Exynos5420
1710		    9 i2c buses for Exynos4 and 1 for S3C24X0 SoCs from Samsung)
1711		    with a fix speed from 100000 and the slave addr 0!
1712
1713		- drivers/i2c/ihs_i2c.c
1714		  - activate this driver with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS
1715		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_CH0 activate hardware channel 0
1716		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_0 speed channel 0
1717		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_0 slave addr channel 0
1718		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_CH1 activate hardware channel 1
1719		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_1 speed channel 1
1720		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_1 slave addr channel 1
1721		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_CH2 activate hardware channel 2
1722		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_2 speed channel 2
1723		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_2 slave addr channel 2
1724		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_CH3 activate hardware channel 3
1725		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_3 speed channel 3
1726		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_3 slave addr channel 3
1727		  - activate dual channel with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_DUAL
1728		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_0_1 speed channel 0_1
1729		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_0_1 slave addr channel 0_1
1730		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_1_1 speed channel 1_1
1731		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_1_1 slave addr channel 1_1
1732		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_2_1 speed channel 2_1
1733		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_2_1 slave addr channel 2_1
1734		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SPEED_3_1 speed channel 3_1
1735		  - CONFIG_SYS_I2C_IHS_SLAVE_3_1 slave addr channel 3_1
1736
1737		additional defines:
1738
1739		CONFIG_SYS_NUM_I2C_BUSES
1740		Hold the number of i2c buses you want to use.
1741
1742		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_DIRECT_BUS
1743		define this, if you don't use i2c muxes on your hardware.
1744		if CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MAX_HOPS is not defined or == 0 you can
1745		omit this define.
1746
1747		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MAX_HOPS
1748		define how many muxes are maximal consecutively connected
1749		on one i2c bus. If you not use i2c muxes, omit this
1750		define.
1751
1752		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_BUSES
1753		hold a list of buses you want to use, only used if
1754		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_DIRECT_BUS is not defined, for example
1755		a board with CONFIG_SYS_I2C_MAX_HOPS = 1 and
1756		CONFIG_SYS_NUM_I2C_BUSES = 9:
1757
1758		 CONFIG_SYS_I2C_BUSES	{{0, {I2C_NULL_HOP}}, \
1759					{0, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9547, 0x70, 1}}}, \
1760					{0, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9547, 0x70, 2}}}, \
1761					{0, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9547, 0x70, 3}}}, \
1762					{0, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9547, 0x70, 4}}}, \
1763					{0, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9547, 0x70, 5}}}, \
1764					{1, {I2C_NULL_HOP}}, \
1765					{1, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9544, 0x72, 1}}}, \
1766					{1, {{I2C_MUX_PCA9544, 0x72, 2}}}, \
1767					}
1768
1769		which defines
1770			bus 0 on adapter 0 without a mux
1771			bus 1 on adapter 0 with a PCA9547 on address 0x70 port 1
1772			bus 2 on adapter 0 with a PCA9547 on address 0x70 port 2
1773			bus 3 on adapter 0 with a PCA9547 on address 0x70 port 3
1774			bus 4 on adapter 0 with a PCA9547 on address 0x70 port 4
1775			bus 5 on adapter 0 with a PCA9547 on address 0x70 port 5
1776			bus 6 on adapter 1 without a mux
1777			bus 7 on adapter 1 with a PCA9544 on address 0x72 port 1
1778			bus 8 on adapter 1 with a PCA9544 on address 0x72 port 2
1779
1780		If you do not have i2c muxes on your board, omit this define.
1781
1782- Legacy I2C Support:
1783		If you use the software i2c interface (CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SOFT)
1784		then the following macros need to be defined (examples are
1785		from include/configs/lwmon.h):
1786
1787		I2C_INIT
1788
1789		(Optional). Any commands necessary to enable the I2C
1790		controller or configure ports.
1791
1792		eg: #define I2C_INIT (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |=	PB_SCL)
1793
1794		I2C_ACTIVE
1795
1796		The code necessary to make the I2C data line active
1797		(driven).  If the data line is open collector, this
1798		define can be null.
1799
1800		eg: #define I2C_ACTIVE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |=  PB_SDA)
1801
1802		I2C_TRISTATE
1803
1804		The code necessary to make the I2C data line tri-stated
1805		(inactive).  If the data line is open collector, this
1806		define can be null.
1807
1808		eg: #define I2C_TRISTATE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir &= ~PB_SDA)
1809
1810		I2C_READ
1811
1812		Code that returns true if the I2C data line is high,
1813		false if it is low.
1814
1815		eg: #define I2C_READ ((immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat & PB_SDA) != 0)
1816
1817		I2C_SDA(bit)
1818
1819		If <bit> is true, sets the I2C data line high. If it
1820		is false, it clears it (low).
1821
1822		eg: #define I2C_SDA(bit) \
1823			if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |=  PB_SDA; \
1824			else	immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SDA
1825
1826		I2C_SCL(bit)
1827
1828		If <bit> is true, sets the I2C clock line high. If it
1829		is false, it clears it (low).
1830
1831		eg: #define I2C_SCL(bit) \
1832			if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |=  PB_SCL; \
1833			else	immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SCL
1834
1835		I2C_DELAY
1836
1837		This delay is invoked four times per clock cycle so this
1838		controls the rate of data transfer.  The data rate thus
1839		is 1 / (I2C_DELAY * 4). Often defined to be something
1840		like:
1841
1842		#define I2C_DELAY  udelay(2)
1843
1844		CONFIG_SOFT_I2C_GPIO_SCL / CONFIG_SOFT_I2C_GPIO_SDA
1845
1846		If your arch supports the generic GPIO framework (asm/gpio.h),
1847		then you may alternatively define the two GPIOs that are to be
1848		used as SCL / SDA.  Any of the previous I2C_xxx macros will
1849		have GPIO-based defaults assigned to them as appropriate.
1850
1851		You should define these to the GPIO value as given directly to
1852		the generic GPIO functions.
1853
1854		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_INIT_BOARD
1855
1856		When a board is reset during an i2c bus transfer
1857		chips might think that the current transfer is still
1858		in progress. On some boards it is possible to access
1859		the i2c SCLK line directly, either by using the
1860		processor pin as a GPIO or by having a second pin
1861		connected to the bus. If this option is defined a
1862		custom i2c_init_board() routine in boards/xxx/board.c
1863		is run early in the boot sequence.
1864
1865		CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1866
1867		This option allows the use of multiple I2C buses, each of which
1868		must have a controller.	 At any point in time, only one bus is
1869		active.	 To switch to a different bus, use the 'i2c dev' command.
1870		Note that bus numbering is zero-based.
1871
1872		CONFIG_SYS_I2C_NOPROBES
1873
1874		This option specifies a list of I2C devices that will be skipped
1875		when the 'i2c probe' command is issued.	 If CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1876		is set, specify a list of bus-device pairs.  Otherwise, specify
1877		a 1D array of device addresses
1878
1879		e.g.
1880			#undef	CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1881			#define CONFIG_SYS_I2C_NOPROBES {0x50,0x68}
1882
1883		will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on a board with one I2C bus
1884
1885			#define CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1886			#define CONFIG_SYS_I2C_NOPROBES	{{0,0x50},{0,0x68},{1,0x54}}
1887
1888		will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on bus 0 and address 0x54 on bus 1
1889
1890		CONFIG_SYS_SPD_BUS_NUM
1891
1892		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for DDR SPD.
1893		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that SPD is on I2C bus 0.
1894
1895		CONFIG_SYS_RTC_BUS_NUM
1896
1897		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the RTC.
1898		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that RTC is on I2C bus 0.
1899
1900		CONFIG_SOFT_I2C_READ_REPEATED_START
1901
1902		defining this will force the i2c_read() function in
1903		the soft_i2c driver to perform an I2C repeated start
1904		between writing the address pointer and reading the
1905		data.  If this define is omitted the default behaviour
1906		of doing a stop-start sequence will be used.  Most I2C
1907		devices can use either method, but some require one or
1908		the other.
1909
1910- SPI Support:	CONFIG_SPI
1911
1912		Enables SPI driver (so far only tested with
1913		SPI EEPROM, also an instance works with Crystal A/D and
1914		D/As on the SACSng board)
1915
1916		CONFIG_SOFT_SPI
1917
1918		Enables a software (bit-bang) SPI driver rather than
1919		using hardware support. This is a general purpose
1920		driver that only requires three general I/O port pins
1921		(two outputs, one input) to function. If this is
1922		defined, the board configuration must define several
1923		SPI configuration items (port pins to use, etc). For
1924		an example, see include/configs/sacsng.h.
1925
1926		CONFIG_SYS_SPI_MXC_WAIT
1927		Timeout for waiting until spi transfer completed.
1928		default: (CONFIG_SYS_HZ/100)     /* 10 ms */
1929
1930- FPGA Support: CONFIG_FPGA
1931
1932		Enables FPGA subsystem.
1933
1934		CONFIG_FPGA_<vendor>
1935
1936		Enables support for specific chip vendors.
1937		(ALTERA, XILINX)
1938
1939		CONFIG_FPGA_<family>
1940
1941		Enables support for FPGA family.
1942		(SPARTAN2, SPARTAN3, VIRTEX2, CYCLONE2, ACEX1K, ACEX)
1943
1944		CONFIG_FPGA_COUNT
1945
1946		Specify the number of FPGA devices to support.
1947
1948		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_PROG_FEEDBACK
1949
1950		Enable printing of hash marks during FPGA configuration.
1951
1952		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_CHECK_BUSY
1953
1954		Enable checks on FPGA configuration interface busy
1955		status by the configuration function. This option
1956		will require a board or device specific function to
1957		be written.
1958
1959		CONFIG_FPGA_DELAY
1960
1961		If defined, a function that provides delays in the FPGA
1962		configuration driver.
1963
1964		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_CHECK_CTRLC
1965		Allow Control-C to interrupt FPGA configuration
1966
1967		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_CHECK_ERROR
1968
1969		Check for configuration errors during FPGA bitfile
1970		loading. For example, abort during Virtex II
1971		configuration if the INIT_B line goes low (which
1972		indicated a CRC error).
1973
1974		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_WAIT_INIT
1975
1976		Maximum time to wait for the INIT_B line to de-assert
1977		after PROB_B has been de-asserted during a Virtex II
1978		FPGA configuration sequence. The default time is 500
1979		ms.
1980
1981		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_WAIT_BUSY
1982
1983		Maximum time to wait for BUSY to de-assert during
1984		Virtex II FPGA configuration. The default is 5 ms.
1985
1986		CONFIG_SYS_FPGA_WAIT_CONFIG
1987
1988		Time to wait after FPGA configuration. The default is
1989		200 ms.
1990
1991- Configuration Management:
1992		CONFIG_BUILD_TARGET
1993
1994		Some SoCs need special image types (e.g. U-Boot binary
1995		with a special header) as build targets. By defining
1996		CONFIG_BUILD_TARGET in the SoC / board header, this
1997		special image will be automatically built upon calling
1998		make / buildman.
1999
2000		CONFIG_IDENT_STRING
2001
2002		If defined, this string will be added to the U-Boot
2003		version information (U_BOOT_VERSION)
2004
2005- Vendor Parameter Protection:
2006
2007		U-Boot considers the values of the environment
2008		variables "serial#" (Board Serial Number) and
2009		"ethaddr" (Ethernet Address) to be parameters that
2010		are set once by the board vendor / manufacturer, and
2011		protects these variables from casual modification by
2012		the user. Once set, these variables are read-only,
2013		and write or delete attempts are rejected. You can
2014		change this behaviour:
2015
2016		If CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE is #defined in your config
2017		file, the write protection for vendor parameters is
2018		completely disabled. Anybody can change or delete
2019		these parameters.
2020
2021		Alternatively, if you define _both_ an ethaddr in the
2022		default env _and_ CONFIG_OVERWRITE_ETHADDR_ONCE, a default
2023		Ethernet address is installed in the environment,
2024		which can be changed exactly ONCE by the user. [The
2025		serial# is unaffected by this, i. e. it remains
2026		read-only.]
2027
2028		The same can be accomplished in a more flexible way
2029		for any variable by configuring the type of access
2030		to allow for those variables in the ".flags" variable
2031		or define CONFIG_ENV_FLAGS_LIST_STATIC.
2032
2033- Protected RAM:
2034		CONFIG_PRAM
2035
2036		Define this variable to enable the reservation of
2037		"protected RAM", i. e. RAM which is not overwritten
2038		by U-Boot. Define CONFIG_PRAM to hold the number of
2039		kB you want to reserve for pRAM. You can overwrite
2040		this default value by defining an environment
2041		variable "pram" to the number of kB you want to
2042		reserve. Note that the board info structure will
2043		still show the full amount of RAM. If pRAM is
2044		reserved, a new environment variable "mem" will
2045		automatically be defined to hold the amount of
2046		remaining RAM in a form that can be passed as boot
2047		argument to Linux, for instance like that:
2048
2049			setenv bootargs ... mem=\${mem}
2050			saveenv
2051
2052		This way you can tell Linux not to use this memory,
2053		either, which results in a memory region that will
2054		not be affected by reboots.
2055
2056		*WARNING* If your board configuration uses automatic
2057		detection of the RAM size, you must make sure that
2058		this memory test is non-destructive. So far, the
2059		following board configurations are known to be
2060		"pRAM-clean":
2061
2062			IVMS8, IVML24, SPD8xx,
2063			HERMES, IP860, RPXlite, LWMON,
2064			FLAGADM
2065
2066- Access to physical memory region (> 4GB)
2067		Some basic support is provided for operations on memory not
2068		normally accessible to U-Boot - e.g. some architectures
2069		support access to more than 4GB of memory on 32-bit
2070		machines using physical address extension or similar.
2071		Define CONFIG_PHYSMEM to access this basic support, which
2072		currently only supports clearing the memory.
2073
2074- Error Recovery:
2075		CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT
2076
2077		This variable defines the number of retries for
2078		network operations like ARP, RARP, TFTP, or BOOTP
2079		before giving up the operation. If not defined, a
2080		default value of 5 is used.
2081
2082		CONFIG_ARP_TIMEOUT
2083
2084		Timeout waiting for an ARP reply in milliseconds.
2085
2086		CONFIG_NFS_TIMEOUT
2087
2088		Timeout in milliseconds used in NFS protocol.
2089		If you encounter "ERROR: Cannot umount" in nfs command,
2090		try longer timeout such as
2091		#define CONFIG_NFS_TIMEOUT 10000UL
2092
2093- Command Interpreter:
2094		CONFIG_SYS_PROMPT_HUSH_PS2
2095
2096		This defines the secondary prompt string, which is
2097		printed when the command interpreter needs more input
2098		to complete a command. Usually "> ".
2099
2100	Note:
2101
2102		In the current implementation, the local variables
2103		space and global environment variables space are
2104		separated. Local variables are those you define by
2105		simply typing `name=value'. To access a local
2106		variable later on, you have write `$name' or
2107		`${name}'; to execute the contents of a variable
2108		directly type `$name' at the command prompt.
2109
2110		Global environment variables are those you use
2111		setenv/printenv to work with. To run a command stored
2112		in such a variable, you need to use the run command,
2113		and you must not use the '$' sign to access them.
2114
2115		To store commands and special characters in a
2116		variable, please use double quotation marks
2117		surrounding the whole text of the variable, instead
2118		of the backslashes before semicolons and special
2119		symbols.
2120
2121- Command Line Editing and History:
2122		CONFIG_CMDLINE_PS_SUPPORT
2123
2124		Enable support for changing the command prompt string
2125		at run-time. Only static string is supported so far.
2126		The string is obtained from environment variables PS1
2127		and PS2.
2128
2129- Default Environment:
2130		CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS
2131
2132		Define this to contain any number of null terminated
2133		strings (variable = value pairs) that will be part of
2134		the default environment compiled into the boot image.
2135
2136		For example, place something like this in your
2137		board's config file:
2138
2139		#define CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \
2140			"myvar1=value1\0" \
2141			"myvar2=value2\0"
2142
2143		Warning: This method is based on knowledge about the
2144		internal format how the environment is stored by the
2145		U-Boot code. This is NOT an official, exported
2146		interface! Although it is unlikely that this format
2147		will change soon, there is no guarantee either.
2148		You better know what you are doing here.
2149
2150		Note: overly (ab)use of the default environment is
2151		discouraged. Make sure to check other ways to preset
2152		the environment like the "source" command or the
2153		boot command first.
2154
2155		CONFIG_DELAY_ENVIRONMENT
2156
2157		Normally the environment is loaded when the board is
2158		initialised so that it is available to U-Boot. This inhibits
2159		that so that the environment is not available until
2160		explicitly loaded later by U-Boot code. With CONFIG_OF_CONTROL
2161		this is instead controlled by the value of
2162		/config/load-environment.
2163
2164- Serial Flash support
2165		Usage requires an initial 'sf probe' to define the serial
2166		flash parameters, followed by read/write/erase/update
2167		commands.
2168
2169		The following defaults may be provided by the platform
2170		to handle the common case when only a single serial
2171		flash is present on the system.
2172
2173		CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_BUS		Bus identifier
2174		CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_CS		Chip-select
2175		CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_MODE 		(see include/spi.h)
2176		CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_SPEED		in Hz
2177
2178
2179- TFTP Fixed UDP Port:
2180		CONFIG_TFTP_PORT
2181
2182		If this is defined, the environment variable tftpsrcp
2183		is used to supply the TFTP UDP source port value.
2184		If tftpsrcp isn't defined, the normal pseudo-random port
2185		number generator is used.
2186
2187		Also, the environment variable tftpdstp is used to supply
2188		the TFTP UDP destination port value.  If tftpdstp isn't
2189		defined, the normal port 69 is used.
2190
2191		The purpose for tftpsrcp is to allow a TFTP server to
2192		blindly start the TFTP transfer using the pre-configured
2193		target IP address and UDP port. This has the effect of
2194		"punching through" the (Windows XP) firewall, allowing
2195		the remainder of the TFTP transfer to proceed normally.
2196		A better solution is to properly configure the firewall,
2197		but sometimes that is not allowed.
2198
2199- Show boot progress:
2200		CONFIG_SHOW_BOOT_PROGRESS
2201
2202		Defining this option allows to add some board-
2203		specific code (calling a user-provided function
2204		"show_boot_progress(int)") that enables you to show
2205		the system's boot progress on some display (for
2206		example, some LED's) on your board. At the moment,
2207		the following checkpoints are implemented:
2208
2209
2210Legacy uImage format:
2211
2212  Arg	Where			When
2213    1	common/cmd_bootm.c	before attempting to boot an image
2214   -1	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has bad	 magic number
2215    2	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has correct magic number
2216   -2	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has bad	 checksum
2217    3	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has correct checksum
2218   -3	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image data   has bad	 checksum
2219    4	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image data   has correct checksum
2220   -4	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image is for unsupported architecture
2221    5	common/cmd_bootm.c	Architecture check OK
2222   -5	common/cmd_bootm.c	Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi)
2223    6	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image Type check OK
2224   -6	common/cmd_bootm.c	gunzip uncompression error
2225   -7	common/cmd_bootm.c	Unimplemented compression type
2226    7	common/cmd_bootm.c	Uncompression OK
2227    8	common/cmd_bootm.c	No uncompress/copy overwrite error
2228   -9	common/cmd_bootm.c	Unsupported OS (not Linux, BSD, VxWorks, QNX)
2229
2230    9	common/image.c		Start initial ramdisk verification
2231  -10	common/image.c		Ramdisk header has bad	   magic number
2232  -11	common/image.c		Ramdisk header has bad	   checksum
2233   10	common/image.c		Ramdisk header is OK
2234  -12	common/image.c		Ramdisk data   has bad	   checksum
2235   11	common/image.c		Ramdisk data   has correct checksum
2236   12	common/image.c		Ramdisk verification complete, start loading
2237  -13	common/image.c		Wrong Image Type (not PPC Linux ramdisk)
2238   13	common/image.c		Start multifile image verification
2239   14	common/image.c		No initial ramdisk, no multifile, continue.
2240
2241   15	arch/<arch>/lib/bootm.c All preparation done, transferring control to OS
2242
2243  -30	arch/powerpc/lib/board.c	Fatal error, hang the system
2244  -31	post/post.c		POST test failed, detected by post_output_backlog()
2245  -32	post/post.c		POST test failed, detected by post_run_single()
2246
2247   34	common/cmd_doc.c	before loading a Image from a DOC device
2248  -35	common/cmd_doc.c	Bad usage of "doc" command
2249   35	common/cmd_doc.c	correct usage of "doc" command
2250  -36	common/cmd_doc.c	No boot device
2251   36	common/cmd_doc.c	correct boot device
2252  -37	common/cmd_doc.c	Unknown Chip ID on boot device
2253   37	common/cmd_doc.c	correct chip ID found, device available
2254  -38	common/cmd_doc.c	Read Error on boot device
2255   38	common/cmd_doc.c	reading Image header from DOC device OK
2256  -39	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has bad magic number
2257   39	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has correct magic number
2258  -40	common/cmd_doc.c	Error reading Image from DOC device
2259   40	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has correct magic number
2260   41	common/cmd_ide.c	before loading a Image from a IDE device
2261  -42	common/cmd_ide.c	Bad usage of "ide" command
2262   42	common/cmd_ide.c	correct usage of "ide" command
2263  -43	common/cmd_ide.c	No boot device
2264   43	common/cmd_ide.c	boot device found
2265  -44	common/cmd_ide.c	Device not available
2266   44	common/cmd_ide.c	Device available
2267  -45	common/cmd_ide.c	wrong partition selected
2268   45	common/cmd_ide.c	partition selected
2269  -46	common/cmd_ide.c	Unknown partition table
2270   46	common/cmd_ide.c	valid partition table found
2271  -47	common/cmd_ide.c	Invalid partition type
2272   47	common/cmd_ide.c	correct partition type
2273  -48	common/cmd_ide.c	Error reading Image Header on boot device
2274   48	common/cmd_ide.c	reading Image Header from IDE device OK
2275  -49	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has bad magic number
2276   49	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has correct magic number
2277  -50	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has bad	 checksum
2278   50	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has correct checksum
2279  -51	common/cmd_ide.c	Error reading Image from IDE device
2280   51	common/cmd_ide.c	reading Image from IDE device OK
2281   52	common/cmd_nand.c	before loading a Image from a NAND device
2282  -53	common/cmd_nand.c	Bad usage of "nand" command
2283   53	common/cmd_nand.c	correct usage of "nand" command
2284  -54	common/cmd_nand.c	No boot device
2285   54	common/cmd_nand.c	boot device found
2286  -55	common/cmd_nand.c	Unknown Chip ID on boot device
2287   55	common/cmd_nand.c	correct chip ID found, device available
2288  -56	common/cmd_nand.c	Error reading Image Header on boot device
2289   56	common/cmd_nand.c	reading Image Header from NAND device OK
2290  -57	common/cmd_nand.c	Image header has bad magic number
2291   57	common/cmd_nand.c	Image header has correct magic number
2292  -58	common/cmd_nand.c	Error reading Image from NAND device
2293   58	common/cmd_nand.c	reading Image from NAND device OK
2294
2295  -60	common/env_common.c	Environment has a bad CRC, using default
2296
2297   64	net/eth.c		starting with Ethernet configuration.
2298  -64	net/eth.c		no Ethernet found.
2299   65	net/eth.c		Ethernet found.
2300
2301  -80	common/cmd_net.c	usage wrong
2302   80	common/cmd_net.c	before calling net_loop()
2303  -81	common/cmd_net.c	some error in net_loop() occurred
2304   81	common/cmd_net.c	net_loop() back without error
2305  -82	common/cmd_net.c	size == 0 (File with size 0 loaded)
2306   82	common/cmd_net.c	trying automatic boot
2307   83	common/cmd_net.c	running "source" command
2308  -83	common/cmd_net.c	some error in automatic boot or "source" command
2309   84	common/cmd_net.c	end without errors
2310
2311FIT uImage format:
2312
2313  Arg	Where			When
2314  100	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel FIT Image has correct format
2315 -100	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel FIT Image has incorrect format
2316  101	common/cmd_bootm.c	No Kernel subimage unit name, using configuration
2317 -101	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get configuration for kernel subimage
2318  102	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel unit name specified
2319 -103	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage node offset
2320  103	common/cmd_bootm.c	Found configuration node
2321  104	common/cmd_bootm.c	Got kernel subimage node offset
2322 -104	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage hash verification failed
2323  105	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage hash verification OK
2324 -105	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage is for unsupported architecture
2325  106	common/cmd_bootm.c	Architecture check OK
2326 -106	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage has wrong type
2327  107	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage type OK
2328 -107	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage data/size
2329  108	common/cmd_bootm.c	Got kernel subimage data/size
2330 -108	common/cmd_bootm.c	Wrong image type (not legacy, FIT)
2331 -109	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage type
2332 -110	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage comp
2333 -111	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage os
2334 -112	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage load address
2335 -113	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image uncompress/copy overwrite error
2336
2337  120	common/image.c		Start initial ramdisk verification
2338 -120	common/image.c		Ramdisk FIT image has incorrect format
2339  121	common/image.c		Ramdisk FIT image has correct format
2340  122	common/image.c		No ramdisk subimage unit name, using configuration
2341 -122	common/image.c		Can't get configuration for ramdisk subimage
2342  123	common/image.c		Ramdisk unit name specified
2343 -124	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk subimage node offset
2344  125	common/image.c		Got ramdisk subimage node offset
2345 -125	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage hash verification failed
2346  126	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage hash verification OK
2347 -126	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage for unsupported architecture
2348  127	common/image.c		Architecture check OK
2349 -127	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk subimage data/size
2350  128	common/image.c		Got ramdisk subimage data/size
2351  129	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk load address
2352 -129	common/image.c		Got ramdisk load address
2353
2354 -130	common/cmd_doc.c	Incorrect FIT image format
2355  131	common/cmd_doc.c	FIT image format OK
2356
2357 -140	common/cmd_ide.c	Incorrect FIT image format
2358  141	common/cmd_ide.c	FIT image format OK
2359
2360 -150	common/cmd_nand.c	Incorrect FIT image format
2361  151	common/cmd_nand.c	FIT image format OK
2362
2363- Standalone program support:
2364		CONFIG_STANDALONE_LOAD_ADDR
2365
2366		This option defines a board specific value for the
2367		address where standalone program gets loaded, thus
2368		overwriting the architecture dependent default
2369		settings.
2370
2371- Frame Buffer Address:
2372		CONFIG_FB_ADDR
2373
2374		Define CONFIG_FB_ADDR if you want to use specific
2375		address for frame buffer.  This is typically the case
2376		when using a graphics controller has separate video
2377		memory.  U-Boot will then place the frame buffer at
2378		the given address instead of dynamically reserving it
2379		in system RAM by calling lcd_setmem(), which grabs
2380		the memory for the frame buffer depending on the
2381		configured panel size.
2382
2383		Please see board_init_f function.
2384
2385- Automatic software updates via TFTP server
2386		CONFIG_UPDATE_TFTP
2387		CONFIG_UPDATE_TFTP_CNT_MAX
2388		CONFIG_UPDATE_TFTP_MSEC_MAX
2389
2390		These options enable and control the auto-update feature;
2391		for a more detailed description refer to doc/README.update.
2392
2393- MTD Support (mtdparts command, UBI support)
2394		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_WL_THRESHOLD
2395		This parameter defines the maximum difference between the highest
2396		erase counter value and the lowest erase counter value of eraseblocks
2397		of UBI devices. When this threshold is exceeded, UBI starts performing
2398		wear leveling by means of moving data from eraseblock with low erase
2399		counter to eraseblocks with high erase counter.
2400
2401		The default value should be OK for SLC NAND flashes, NOR flashes and
2402		other flashes which have eraseblock life-cycle 100000 or more.
2403		However, in case of MLC NAND flashes which typically have eraseblock
2404		life-cycle less than 10000, the threshold should be lessened (e.g.,
2405		to 128 or 256, although it does not have to be power of 2).
2406
2407		default: 4096
2408
2409		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_BEB_LIMIT
2410		This option specifies the maximum bad physical eraseblocks UBI
2411		expects on the MTD device (per 1024 eraseblocks). If the
2412		underlying flash does not admit of bad eraseblocks (e.g. NOR
2413		flash), this value is ignored.
2414
2415		NAND datasheets often specify the minimum and maximum NVM
2416		(Number of Valid Blocks) for the flashes' endurance lifetime.
2417		The maximum expected bad eraseblocks per 1024 eraseblocks
2418		then can be calculated as "1024 * (1 - MinNVB / MaxNVB)",
2419		which gives 20 for most NANDs (MaxNVB is basically the total
2420		count of eraseblocks on the chip).
2421
2422		To put it differently, if this value is 20, UBI will try to
2423		reserve about 1.9% of physical eraseblocks for bad blocks
2424		handling. And that will be 1.9% of eraseblocks on the entire
2425		NAND chip, not just the MTD partition UBI attaches. This means
2426		that if you have, say, a NAND flash chip admits maximum 40 bad
2427		eraseblocks, and it is split on two MTD partitions of the same
2428		size, UBI will reserve 40 eraseblocks when attaching a
2429		partition.
2430
2431		default: 20
2432
2433		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_FASTMAP
2434		Fastmap is a mechanism which allows attaching an UBI device
2435		in nearly constant time. Instead of scanning the whole MTD device it
2436		only has to locate a checkpoint (called fastmap) on the device.
2437		The on-flash fastmap contains all information needed to attach
2438		the device. Using fastmap makes only sense on large devices where
2439		attaching by scanning takes long. UBI will not automatically install
2440		a fastmap on old images, but you can set the UBI parameter
2441		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_FASTMAP_AUTOCONVERT to 1 if you want so. Please note
2442		that fastmap-enabled images are still usable with UBI implementations
2443		without	fastmap support. On typical flash devices the whole fastmap
2444		fits into one PEB. UBI will reserve PEBs to hold two fastmaps.
2445
2446		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_FASTMAP_AUTOCONVERT
2447		Set this parameter to enable fastmap automatically on images
2448		without a fastmap.
2449		default: 0
2450
2451		CONFIG_MTD_UBI_FM_DEBUG
2452		Enable UBI fastmap debug
2453		default: 0
2454
2455- SPL framework
2456		CONFIG_SPL
2457		Enable building of SPL globally.
2458
2459		CONFIG_SPL_LDSCRIPT
2460		LDSCRIPT for linking the SPL binary.
2461
2462		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_FOOTPRINT
2463		Maximum size in memory allocated to the SPL, BSS included.
2464		When defined, the linker checks that the actual memory
2465		used by SPL from _start to __bss_end does not exceed it.
2466		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_FOOTPRINT and CONFIG_SPL_BSS_MAX_SIZE
2467		must not be both defined at the same time.
2468
2469		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE
2470		Maximum size of the SPL image (text, data, rodata, and
2471		linker lists sections), BSS excluded.
2472		When defined, the linker checks that the actual size does
2473		not exceed it.
2474
2475		CONFIG_SPL_TEXT_BASE
2476		TEXT_BASE for linking the SPL binary.
2477
2478		CONFIG_SPL_RELOC_TEXT_BASE
2479		Address to relocate to.  If unspecified, this is equal to
2480		CONFIG_SPL_TEXT_BASE (i.e. no relocation is done).
2481
2482		CONFIG_SPL_BSS_START_ADDR
2483		Link address for the BSS within the SPL binary.
2484
2485		CONFIG_SPL_BSS_MAX_SIZE
2486		Maximum size in memory allocated to the SPL BSS.
2487		When defined, the linker checks that the actual memory used
2488		by SPL from __bss_start to __bss_end does not exceed it.
2489		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_FOOTPRINT and CONFIG_SPL_BSS_MAX_SIZE
2490		must not be both defined at the same time.
2491
2492		CONFIG_SPL_STACK
2493		Adress of the start of the stack SPL will use
2494
2495		CONFIG_SPL_PANIC_ON_RAW_IMAGE
2496		When defined, SPL will panic() if the image it has
2497		loaded does not have a signature.
2498		Defining this is useful when code which loads images
2499		in SPL cannot guarantee that absolutely all read errors
2500		will be caught.
2501		An example is the LPC32XX MLC NAND driver, which will
2502		consider that a completely unreadable NAND block is bad,
2503		and thus should be skipped silently.
2504
2505		CONFIG_SPL_RELOC_STACK
2506		Adress of the start of the stack SPL will use after
2507		relocation.  If unspecified, this is equal to
2508		CONFIG_SPL_STACK.
2509
2510		CONFIG_SYS_SPL_MALLOC_START
2511		Starting address of the malloc pool used in SPL.
2512		When this option is set the full malloc is used in SPL and
2513		it is set up by spl_init() and before that, the simple malloc()
2514		can be used if CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_F is defined.
2515
2516		CONFIG_SYS_SPL_MALLOC_SIZE
2517		The size of the malloc pool used in SPL.
2518
2519		CONFIG_SPL_OS_BOOT
2520		Enable booting directly to an OS from SPL.
2521		See also: doc/README.falcon
2522
2523		CONFIG_SPL_DISPLAY_PRINT
2524		For ARM, enable an optional function to print more information
2525		about the running system.
2526
2527		CONFIG_SPL_INIT_MINIMAL
2528		Arch init code should be built for a very small image
2529
2530		CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_U_BOOT_PARTITION
2531		Partition on the MMC to load U-Boot from when the MMC is being
2532		used in raw mode
2533
2534		CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_KERNEL_SECTOR
2535		Sector to load kernel uImage from when MMC is being
2536		used in raw mode (for Falcon mode)
2537
2538		CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_ARGS_SECTOR,
2539		CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_ARGS_SECTORS
2540		Sector and number of sectors to load kernel argument
2541		parameters from when MMC is being used in raw mode
2542		(for falcon mode)
2543
2544		CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_FS_BOOT_PARTITION
2545		Partition on the MMC to load U-Boot from when the MMC is being
2546		used in fs mode
2547
2548		CONFIG_SPL_FS_LOAD_PAYLOAD_NAME
2549		Filename to read to load U-Boot when reading from filesystem
2550
2551		CONFIG_SPL_FS_LOAD_KERNEL_NAME
2552		Filename to read to load kernel uImage when reading
2553		from filesystem (for Falcon mode)
2554
2555		CONFIG_SPL_FS_LOAD_ARGS_NAME
2556		Filename to read to load kernel argument parameters
2557		when reading from filesystem (for Falcon mode)
2558
2559		CONFIG_SPL_MPC83XX_WAIT_FOR_NAND
2560		Set this for NAND SPL on PPC mpc83xx targets, so that
2561		start.S waits for the rest of the SPL to load before
2562		continuing (the hardware starts execution after just
2563		loading the first page rather than the full 4K).
2564
2565		CONFIG_SPL_SKIP_RELOCATE
2566		Avoid SPL relocation
2567
2568		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_BASE
2569		Include nand_base.c in the SPL.  Requires
2570		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_DRIVERS.
2571
2572		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_DRIVERS
2573		SPL uses normal NAND drivers, not minimal drivers.
2574
2575		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_IDENT
2576		SPL uses the chip ID list to identify the NAND flash.
2577		Requires CONFIG_SPL_NAND_BASE.
2578
2579		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_ECC
2580		Include standard software ECC in the SPL
2581
2582		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SIMPLE
2583		Support for NAND boot using simple NAND drivers that
2584		expose the cmd_ctrl() interface.
2585
2586		CONFIG_SPL_UBI
2587		Support for a lightweight UBI (fastmap) scanner and
2588		loader
2589
2590		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_RAW_ONLY
2591		Support to boot only raw u-boot.bin images. Use this only
2592		if you need to save space.
2593
2594		CONFIG_SPL_COMMON_INIT_DDR
2595		Set for common ddr init with serial presence detect in
2596		SPL binary.
2597
2598		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_5_ADDR_CYCLE, CONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_COUNT,
2599		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_SIZE, CONFIG_SYS_NAND_OOBSIZE,
2600		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BLOCK_SIZE, CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BAD_BLOCK_POS,
2601		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ECCPOS, CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ECCSIZE,
2602		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ECCBYTES
2603		Defines the size and behavior of the NAND that SPL uses
2604		to read U-Boot
2605
2606		CONFIG_SPL_NAND_BOOT
2607		Add support NAND boot
2608
2609		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_U_BOOT_OFFS
2610		Location in NAND to read U-Boot from
2611
2612		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_U_BOOT_DST
2613		Location in memory to load U-Boot to
2614
2615		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_U_BOOT_SIZE
2616		Size of image to load
2617
2618		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_U_BOOT_START
2619		Entry point in loaded image to jump to
2620
2621		CONFIG_SYS_NAND_HW_ECC_OOBFIRST
2622		Define this if you need to first read the OOB and then the
2623		data. This is used, for example, on davinci platforms.
2624
2625		CONFIG_SPL_RAM_DEVICE
2626		Support for running image already present in ram, in SPL binary
2627
2628		CONFIG_SPL_PAD_TO
2629		Image offset to which the SPL should be padded before appending
2630		the SPL payload. By default, this is defined as
2631		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE, or 0 if CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE is undefined.
2632		CONFIG_SPL_PAD_TO must be either 0, meaning to append the SPL
2633		payload without any padding, or >= CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE.
2634
2635		CONFIG_SPL_TARGET
2636		Final target image containing SPL and payload.  Some SPLs
2637		use an arch-specific makefile fragment instead, for
2638		example if more than one image needs to be produced.
2639
2640		CONFIG_SPL_FIT_PRINT
2641		Printing information about a FIT image adds quite a bit of
2642		code to SPL. So this is normally disabled in SPL. Use this
2643		option to re-enable it. This will affect the output of the
2644		bootm command when booting a FIT image.
2645
2646- TPL framework
2647		CONFIG_TPL
2648		Enable building of TPL globally.
2649
2650		CONFIG_TPL_PAD_TO
2651		Image offset to which the TPL should be padded before appending
2652		the TPL payload. By default, this is defined as
2653		CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE, or 0 if CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE is undefined.
2654		CONFIG_SPL_PAD_TO must be either 0, meaning to append the SPL
2655		payload without any padding, or >= CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE.
2656
2657- Interrupt support (PPC):
2658
2659		There are common interrupt_init() and timer_interrupt()
2660		for all PPC archs. interrupt_init() calls interrupt_init_cpu()
2661		for CPU specific initialization. interrupt_init_cpu()
2662		should set decrementer_count to appropriate value. If
2663		CPU resets decrementer automatically after interrupt
2664		(ppc4xx) it should set decrementer_count to zero.
2665		timer_interrupt() calls timer_interrupt_cpu() for CPU
2666		specific handling. If board has watchdog / status_led
2667		/ other_activity_monitor it works automatically from
2668		general timer_interrupt().
2669
2670
2671Board initialization settings:
2672------------------------------
2673
2674During Initialization u-boot calls a number of board specific functions
2675to allow the preparation of board specific prerequisites, e.g. pin setup
2676before drivers are initialized. To enable these callbacks the
2677following configuration macros have to be defined. Currently this is
2678architecture specific, so please check arch/your_architecture/lib/board.c
2679typically in board_init_f() and board_init_r().
2680
2681- CONFIG_BOARD_EARLY_INIT_F: Call board_early_init_f()
2682- CONFIG_BOARD_EARLY_INIT_R: Call board_early_init_r()
2683- CONFIG_BOARD_LATE_INIT: Call board_late_init()
2684- CONFIG_BOARD_POSTCLK_INIT: Call board_postclk_init()
2685
2686Configuration Settings:
2687-----------------------
2688
2689- CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA: Defined automatically if compiled as 64-bit.
2690		Optionally it can be defined to support 64-bit memory commands.
2691
2692- CONFIG_SYS_LONGHELP: Defined when you want long help messages included;
2693		undefine this when you're short of memory.
2694
2695- CONFIG_SYS_HELP_CMD_WIDTH: Defined when you want to override the default
2696		width of the commands listed in the 'help' command output.
2697
2698- CONFIG_SYS_PROMPT:	This is what U-Boot prints on the console to
2699		prompt for user input.
2700
2701- CONFIG_SYS_CBSIZE:	Buffer size for input from the Console
2702
2703- CONFIG_SYS_PBSIZE:	Buffer size for Console output
2704
2705- CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS:	max. Number of arguments accepted for monitor commands
2706
2707- CONFIG_SYS_BARGSIZE: Buffer size for Boot Arguments which are passed to
2708		the application (usually a Linux kernel) when it is
2709		booted
2710
2711- CONFIG_SYS_BAUDRATE_TABLE:
2712		List of legal baudrate settings for this board.
2713
2714- CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_START, CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_END:
2715		Begin and End addresses of the area used by the
2716		simple memory test.
2717
2718- CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_SCRATCH:
2719		Scratch address used by the alternate memory test
2720		You only need to set this if address zero isn't writeable
2721
2722- CONFIG_SYS_MEM_RESERVE_SECURE
2723		Only implemented for ARMv8 for now.
2724		If defined, the size of CONFIG_SYS_MEM_RESERVE_SECURE memory
2725		is substracted from total RAM and won't be reported to OS.
2726		This memory can be used as secure memory. A variable
2727		gd->arch.secure_ram is used to track the location. In systems
2728		the RAM base is not zero, or RAM is divided into banks,
2729		this variable needs to be recalcuated to get the address.
2730
2731- CONFIG_SYS_MEM_TOP_HIDE:
2732		If CONFIG_SYS_MEM_TOP_HIDE is defined in the board config header,
2733		this specified memory area will get subtracted from the top
2734		(end) of RAM and won't get "touched" at all by U-Boot. By
2735		fixing up gd->ram_size the Linux kernel should gets passed
2736		the now "corrected" memory size and won't touch it either.
2737		This should work for arch/ppc and arch/powerpc. Only Linux
2738		board ports in arch/powerpc with bootwrapper support that
2739		recalculate the memory size from the SDRAM controller setup
2740		will have to get fixed in Linux additionally.
2741
2742		This option can be used as a workaround for the 440EPx/GRx
2743		CHIP 11 errata where the last 256 bytes in SDRAM shouldn't
2744		be touched.
2745
2746		WARNING: Please make sure that this value is a multiple of
2747		the Linux page size (normally 4k). If this is not the case,
2748		then the end address of the Linux memory will be located at a
2749		non page size aligned address and this could cause major
2750		problems.
2751
2752- CONFIG_SYS_LOADS_BAUD_CHANGE:
2753		Enable temporary baudrate change while serial download
2754
2755- CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE:
2756		Physical start address of SDRAM. _Must_ be 0 here.
2757
2758- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_BASE:
2759		Physical start address of Flash memory.
2760
2761- CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE:
2762		Physical start address of boot monitor code (set by
2763		make config files to be same as the text base address
2764		(CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE) used when linking) - same as
2765		CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_BASE when booting from flash.
2766
2767- CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_LEN:
2768		Size of memory reserved for monitor code, used to
2769		determine _at_compile_time_ (!) if the environment is
2770		embedded within the U-Boot image, or in a separate
2771		flash sector.
2772
2773- CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN:
2774		Size of DRAM reserved for malloc() use.
2775
2776- CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_F_LEN
2777		Size of the malloc() pool for use before relocation. If
2778		this is defined, then a very simple malloc() implementation
2779		will become available before relocation. The address is just
2780		below the global data, and the stack is moved down to make
2781		space.
2782
2783		This feature allocates regions with increasing addresses
2784		within the region. calloc() is supported, but realloc()
2785		is not available. free() is supported but does nothing.
2786		The memory will be freed (or in fact just forgotten) when
2787		U-Boot relocates itself.
2788
2789- CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_SIMPLE
2790		Provides a simple and small malloc() and calloc() for those
2791		boards which do not use the full malloc in SPL (which is
2792		enabled with CONFIG_SYS_SPL_MALLOC_START).
2793
2794- CONFIG_SYS_NONCACHED_MEMORY:
2795		Size of non-cached memory area. This area of memory will be
2796		typically located right below the malloc() area and mapped
2797		uncached in the MMU. This is useful for drivers that would
2798		otherwise require a lot of explicit cache maintenance. For
2799		some drivers it's also impossible to properly maintain the
2800		cache. For example if the regions that need to be flushed
2801		are not a multiple of the cache-line size, *and* padding
2802		cannot be allocated between the regions to align them (i.e.
2803		if the HW requires a contiguous array of regions, and the
2804		size of each region is not cache-aligned), then a flush of
2805		one region may result in overwriting data that hardware has
2806		written to another region in the same cache-line. This can
2807		happen for example in network drivers where descriptors for
2808		buffers are typically smaller than the CPU cache-line (e.g.
2809		16 bytes vs. 32 or 64 bytes).
2810
2811		Non-cached memory is only supported on 32-bit ARM at present.
2812
2813- CONFIG_SYS_BOOTM_LEN:
2814		Normally compressed uImages are limited to an
2815		uncompressed size of 8 MBytes. If this is not enough,
2816		you can define CONFIG_SYS_BOOTM_LEN in your board config file
2817		to adjust this setting to your needs.
2818
2819- CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ:
2820		Maximum size of memory mapped by the startup code of
2821		the Linux kernel; all data that must be processed by
2822		the Linux kernel (bd_info, boot arguments, FDT blob if
2823		used) must be put below this limit, unless "bootm_low"
2824		environment variable is defined and non-zero. In such case
2825		all data for the Linux kernel must be between "bootm_low"
2826		and "bootm_low" + CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ.	 The environment
2827		variable "bootm_mapsize" will override the value of
2828		CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ.  If CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ is undefined,
2829		then the value in "bootm_size" will be used instead.
2830
2831- CONFIG_SYS_BOOT_RAMDISK_HIGH:
2832		Enable initrd_high functionality.  If defined then the
2833		initrd_high feature is enabled and the bootm ramdisk subcommand
2834		is enabled.
2835
2836- CONFIG_SYS_BOOT_GET_CMDLINE:
2837		Enables allocating and saving kernel cmdline in space between
2838		"bootm_low" and "bootm_low" + BOOTMAPSZ.
2839
2840- CONFIG_SYS_BOOT_GET_KBD:
2841		Enables allocating and saving a kernel copy of the bd_info in
2842		space between "bootm_low" and "bootm_low" + BOOTMAPSZ.
2843
2844- CONFIG_SYS_MAX_FLASH_BANKS:
2845		Max number of Flash memory banks
2846
2847- CONFIG_SYS_MAX_FLASH_SECT:
2848		Max number of sectors on a Flash chip
2849
2850- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT:
2851		Timeout for Flash erase operations (in ms)
2852
2853- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT:
2854		Timeout for Flash write operations (in ms)
2855
2856- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_LOCK_TOUT
2857		Timeout for Flash set sector lock bit operation (in ms)
2858
2859- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_UNLOCK_TOUT
2860		Timeout for Flash clear lock bits operation (in ms)
2861
2862- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_PROTECTION
2863		If defined, hardware flash sectors protection is used
2864		instead of U-Boot software protection.
2865
2866- CONFIG_SYS_DIRECT_FLASH_TFTP:
2867
2868		Enable TFTP transfers directly to flash memory;
2869		without this option such a download has to be
2870		performed in two steps: (1) download to RAM, and (2)
2871		copy from RAM to flash.
2872
2873		The two-step approach is usually more reliable, since
2874		you can check if the download worked before you erase
2875		the flash, but in some situations (when system RAM is
2876		too limited to allow for a temporary copy of the
2877		downloaded image) this option may be very useful.
2878
2879- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_CFI:
2880		Define if the flash driver uses extra elements in the
2881		common flash structure for storing flash geometry.
2882
2883- CONFIG_FLASH_CFI_DRIVER
2884		This option also enables the building of the cfi_flash driver
2885		in the drivers directory
2886
2887- CONFIG_FLASH_CFI_MTD
2888		This option enables the building of the cfi_mtd driver
2889		in the drivers directory. The driver exports CFI flash
2890		to the MTD layer.
2891
2892- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_USE_BUFFER_WRITE
2893		Use buffered writes to flash.
2894
2895- CONFIG_FLASH_SPANSION_S29WS_N
2896		s29ws-n MirrorBit flash has non-standard addresses for buffered
2897		write commands.
2898
2899- CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_QUIET_TEST
2900		If this option is defined, the common CFI flash doesn't
2901		print it's warning upon not recognized FLASH banks. This
2902		is useful, if some of the configured banks are only
2903		optionally available.
2904
2905- CONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS
2906		If defined (must be an integer), print out countdown
2907		digits and dots.  Recommended value: 45 (9..1) for 80
2908		column displays, 15 (3..1) for 40 column displays.
2909
2910- CONFIG_FLASH_VERIFY
2911		If defined, the content of the flash (destination) is compared
2912		against the source after the write operation. An error message
2913		will be printed when the contents are not identical.
2914		Please note that this option is useless in nearly all cases,
2915		since such flash programming errors usually are detected earlier
2916		while unprotecting/erasing/programming. Please only enable
2917		this option if you really know what you are doing.
2918
2919- CONFIG_SYS_RX_ETH_BUFFER:
2920		Defines the number of Ethernet receive buffers. On some
2921		Ethernet controllers it is recommended to set this value
2922		to 8 or even higher (EEPRO100 or 405 EMAC), since all
2923		buffers can be full shortly after enabling the interface
2924		on high Ethernet traffic.
2925		Defaults to 4 if not defined.
2926
2927- CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES
2928
2929	Maximum number of entries in the hash table that is used
2930	internally to store the environment settings. The default
2931	setting is supposed to be generous and should work in most
2932	cases. This setting can be used to tune behaviour; see
2933	lib/hashtable.c for details.
2934
2935- CONFIG_ENV_FLAGS_LIST_DEFAULT
2936- CONFIG_ENV_FLAGS_LIST_STATIC
2937	Enable validation of the values given to environment variables when
2938	calling env set.  Variables can be restricted to only decimal,
2939	hexadecimal, or boolean.  If CONFIG_CMD_NET is also defined,
2940	the variables can also be restricted to IP address or MAC address.
2941
2942	The format of the list is:
2943		type_attribute = [s|d|x|b|i|m]
2944		access_attribute = [a|r|o|c]
2945		attributes = type_attribute[access_attribute]
2946		entry = variable_name[:attributes]
2947		list = entry[,list]
2948
2949	The type attributes are:
2950		s - String (default)
2951		d - Decimal
2952		x - Hexadecimal
2953		b - Boolean ([1yYtT|0nNfF])
2954		i - IP address
2955		m - MAC address
2956
2957	The access attributes are:
2958		a - Any (default)
2959		r - Read-only
2960		o - Write-once
2961		c - Change-default
2962
2963	- CONFIG_ENV_FLAGS_LIST_DEFAULT
2964		Define this to a list (string) to define the ".flags"
2965		environment variable in the default or embedded environment.
2966
2967	- CONFIG_ENV_FLAGS_LIST_STATIC
2968		Define this to a list (string) to define validation that
2969		should be done if an entry is not found in the ".flags"
2970		environment variable.  To override a setting in the static
2971		list, simply add an entry for the same variable name to the
2972		".flags" variable.
2973
2974	If CONFIG_REGEX is defined, the variable_name above is evaluated as a
2975	regular expression. This allows multiple variables to define the same
2976	flags without explicitly listing them for each variable.
2977
2978- CONFIG_ENV_ACCESS_IGNORE_FORCE
2979	If defined, don't allow the -f switch to env set override variable
2980	access flags.
2981
2982The following definitions that deal with the placement and management
2983of environment data (variable area); in general, we support the
2984following configurations:
2985
2986- CONFIG_BUILD_ENVCRC:
2987
2988	Builds up envcrc with the target environment so that external utils
2989	may easily extract it and embed it in final U-Boot images.
2990
2991BE CAREFUL! The first access to the environment happens quite early
2992in U-Boot initialization (when we try to get the setting of for the
2993console baudrate). You *MUST* have mapped your NVRAM area then, or
2994U-Boot will hang.
2995
2996Please note that even with NVRAM we still use a copy of the
2997environment in RAM: we could work on NVRAM directly, but we want to
2998keep settings there always unmodified except somebody uses "saveenv"
2999to save the current settings.
3000
3001BE CAREFUL! For some special cases, the local device can not use
3002"saveenv" command. For example, the local device will get the
3003environment stored in a remote NOR flash by SRIO or PCIE link,
3004but it can not erase, write this NOR flash by SRIO or PCIE interface.
3005
3006- CONFIG_NAND_ENV_DST
3007
3008	Defines address in RAM to which the nand_spl code should copy the
3009	environment. If redundant environment is used, it will be copied to
3010	CONFIG_NAND_ENV_DST + CONFIG_ENV_SIZE.
3011
3012Please note that the environment is read-only until the monitor
3013has been relocated to RAM and a RAM copy of the environment has been
3014created; also, when using EEPROM you will have to use env_get_f()
3015until then to read environment variables.
3016
3017The environment is protected by a CRC32 checksum. Before the monitor
3018is relocated into RAM, as a result of a bad CRC you will be working
3019with the compiled-in default environment - *silently*!!! [This is
3020necessary, because the first environment variable we need is the
3021"baudrate" setting for the console - if we have a bad CRC, we don't
3022have any device yet where we could complain.]
3023
3024Note: once the monitor has been relocated, then it will complain if
3025the default environment is used; a new CRC is computed as soon as you
3026use the "saveenv" command to store a valid environment.
3027
3028- CONFIG_SYS_FAULT_ECHO_LINK_DOWN:
3029		Echo the inverted Ethernet link state to the fault LED.
3030
3031		Note: If this option is active, then CONFIG_SYS_FAULT_MII_ADDR
3032		      also needs to be defined.
3033
3034- CONFIG_SYS_FAULT_MII_ADDR:
3035		MII address of the PHY to check for the Ethernet link state.
3036
3037- CONFIG_NS16550_MIN_FUNCTIONS:
3038		Define this if you desire to only have use of the NS16550_init
3039		and NS16550_putc functions for the serial driver located at
3040		drivers/serial/ns16550.c.  This option is useful for saving
3041		space for already greatly restricted images, including but not
3042		limited to NAND_SPL configurations.
3043
3044- CONFIG_DISPLAY_BOARDINFO
3045		Display information about the board that U-Boot is running on
3046		when U-Boot starts up. The board function checkboard() is called
3047		to do this.
3048
3049- CONFIG_DISPLAY_BOARDINFO_LATE
3050		Similar to the previous option, but display this information
3051		later, once stdio is running and output goes to the LCD, if
3052		present.
3053
3054- CONFIG_BOARD_SIZE_LIMIT:
3055		Maximum size of the U-Boot image. When defined, the
3056		build system checks that the actual size does not
3057		exceed it.
3058
3059Low Level (hardware related) configuration options:
3060---------------------------------------------------
3061
3062- CONFIG_SYS_CACHELINE_SIZE:
3063		Cache Line Size of the CPU.
3064
3065- CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_DEFAULT:
3066		Default (power-on reset) physical address of CCSR on Freescale
3067		PowerPC SOCs.
3068
3069- CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR:
3070		Virtual address of CCSR.  On a 32-bit build, this is typically
3071		the same value as CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_DEFAULT.
3072
3073- CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS:
3074		Physical address of CCSR.  CCSR can be relocated to a new
3075		physical address, if desired.  In this case, this macro should
3076		be set to that address.	 Otherwise, it should be set to the
3077		same value as CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_DEFAULT.  For example, CCSR
3078		is typically relocated on 36-bit builds.  It is recommended
3079		that this macro be defined via the _HIGH and _LOW macros:
3080
3081		#define CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS ((CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS_HIGH
3082			* 1ull) << 32 | CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS_LOW)
3083
3084- CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS_HIGH:
3085		Bits 33-36 of CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS.	This value is typically
3086		either 0 (32-bit build) or 0xF (36-bit build).	This macro is
3087		used in assembly code, so it must not contain typecasts or
3088		integer size suffixes (e.g. "ULL").
3089
3090- CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS_LOW:
3091		Lower 32-bits of CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS.  This macro is
3092		used in assembly code, so it must not contain typecasts or
3093		integer size suffixes (e.g. "ULL").
3094
3095- CONFIG_SYS_CCSR_DO_NOT_RELOCATE:
3096		If this macro is defined, then CONFIG_SYS_CCSRBAR_PHYS will be
3097		forced to a value that ensures that CCSR is not relocated.
3098
3099- Floppy Disk Support:
3100		CONFIG_SYS_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER
3101
3102		the default drive number (default value 0)
3103
3104		CONFIG_SYS_ISA_IO_STRIDE
3105
3106		defines the spacing between FDC chipset registers
3107		(default value 1)
3108
3109		CONFIG_SYS_ISA_IO_OFFSET
3110
3111		defines the offset of register from address. It
3112		depends on which part of the data bus is connected to
3113		the FDC chipset. (default value 0)
3114
3115		If CONFIG_SYS_ISA_IO_STRIDE CONFIG_SYS_ISA_IO_OFFSET and
3116		CONFIG_SYS_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER are undefined, they take their
3117		default value.
3118
3119		if CONFIG_SYS_FDC_HW_INIT is defined, then the function
3120		fdc_hw_init() is called at the beginning of the FDC
3121		setup. fdc_hw_init() must be provided by the board
3122		source code. It is used to make hardware-dependent
3123		initializations.
3124
3125- CONFIG_IDE_AHB:
3126		Most IDE controllers were designed to be connected with PCI
3127		interface. Only few of them were designed for AHB interface.
3128		When software is doing ATA command and data transfer to
3129		IDE devices through IDE-AHB controller, some additional
3130		registers accessing to these kind of IDE-AHB controller
3131		is required.
3132
3133- CONFIG_SYS_IMMR:	Physical address of the Internal Memory.
3134		DO NOT CHANGE unless you know exactly what you're
3135		doing! (11-4) [MPC8xx systems only]
3136
3137- CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR:
3138
3139		Start address of memory area that can be used for
3140		initial data and stack; please note that this must be
3141		writable memory that is working WITHOUT special
3142		initialization, i. e. you CANNOT use normal RAM which
3143		will become available only after programming the
3144		memory controller and running certain initialization
3145		sequences.
3146
3147		U-Boot uses the following memory types:
3148		- MPC8xx: IMMR (internal memory of the CPU)
3149
3150- CONFIG_SYS_GBL_DATA_OFFSET:
3151
3152		Offset of the initial data structure in the memory
3153		area defined by CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR. Usually
3154		CONFIG_SYS_GBL_DATA_OFFSET is chosen such that the initial
3155		data is located at the end of the available space
3156		(sometimes written as (CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_SIZE -
3157		GENERATED_GBL_DATA_SIZE), and the initial stack is just
3158		below that area (growing from (CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR +
3159		CONFIG_SYS_GBL_DATA_OFFSET) downward.
3160
3161	Note:
3162		On the MPC824X (or other systems that use the data
3163		cache for initial memory) the address chosen for
3164		CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR is basically arbitrary - it must
3165		point to an otherwise UNUSED address space between
3166		the top of RAM and the start of the PCI space.
3167
3168- CONFIG_SYS_SCCR:	System Clock and reset Control Register (15-27)
3169
3170- CONFIG_SYS_OR_TIMING_SDRAM:
3171		SDRAM timing
3172
3173- CONFIG_SYS_MAMR_PTA:
3174		periodic timer for refresh
3175
3176- FLASH_BASE0_PRELIM, FLASH_BASE1_PRELIM, CONFIG_SYS_REMAP_OR_AM,
3177  CONFIG_SYS_PRELIM_OR_AM, CONFIG_SYS_OR_TIMING_FLASH, CONFIG_SYS_OR0_REMAP,
3178  CONFIG_SYS_OR0_PRELIM, CONFIG_SYS_BR0_PRELIM, CONFIG_SYS_OR1_REMAP, CONFIG_SYS_OR1_PRELIM,
3179  CONFIG_SYS_BR1_PRELIM:
3180		Memory Controller Definitions: BR0/1 and OR0/1 (FLASH)
3181
3182- SDRAM_BASE2_PRELIM, SDRAM_BASE3_PRELIM, SDRAM_MAX_SIZE,
3183  CONFIG_SYS_OR_TIMING_SDRAM, CONFIG_SYS_OR2_PRELIM, CONFIG_SYS_BR2_PRELIM,
3184  CONFIG_SYS_OR3_PRELIM, CONFIG_SYS_BR3_PRELIM:
3185		Memory Controller Definitions: BR2/3 and OR2/3 (SDRAM)
3186
3187- CONFIG_PCI_ENUM_ONLY
3188		Only scan through and get the devices on the buses.
3189		Don't do any setup work, presumably because someone or
3190		something has already done it, and we don't need to do it
3191		a second time.	Useful for platforms that are pre-booted
3192		by coreboot or similar.
3193
3194- CONFIG_PCI_INDIRECT_BRIDGE:
3195		Enable support for indirect PCI bridges.
3196
3197- CONFIG_SYS_SRIO:
3198		Chip has SRIO or not
3199
3200- CONFIG_SRIO1:
3201		Board has SRIO 1 port available
3202
3203- CONFIG_SRIO2:
3204		Board has SRIO 2 port available
3205
3206- CONFIG_SRIO_PCIE_BOOT_MASTER
3207		Board can support master function for Boot from SRIO and PCIE
3208
3209- CONFIG_SYS_SRIOn_MEM_VIRT:
3210		Virtual Address of SRIO port 'n' memory region
3211
3212- CONFIG_SYS_SRIOn_MEM_PHYS:
3213		Physical Address of SRIO port 'n' memory region
3214
3215- CONFIG_SYS_SRIOn_MEM_SIZE:
3216		Size of SRIO port 'n' memory region
3217
3218- CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BUSWIDTH_16BIT
3219		Defined to tell the NAND controller that the NAND chip is using
3220		a 16 bit bus.
3221		Not all NAND drivers use this symbol.
3222		Example of drivers that use it:
3223		- drivers/mtd/nand/raw/ndfc.c
3224		- drivers/mtd/nand/raw/mxc_nand.c
3225
3226- CONFIG_SYS_NDFC_EBC0_CFG
3227		Sets the EBC0_CFG register for the NDFC. If not defined
3228		a default value will be used.
3229
3230- CONFIG_SPD_EEPROM
3231		Get DDR timing information from an I2C EEPROM. Common
3232		with pluggable memory modules such as SODIMMs
3233
3234  SPD_EEPROM_ADDRESS
3235		I2C address of the SPD EEPROM
3236
3237- CONFIG_SYS_SPD_BUS_NUM
3238		If SPD EEPROM is on an I2C bus other than the first
3239		one, specify here. Note that the value must resolve
3240		to something your driver can deal with.
3241
3242- CONFIG_SYS_DDR_RAW_TIMING
3243		Get DDR timing information from other than SPD. Common with
3244		soldered DDR chips onboard without SPD. DDR raw timing
3245		parameters are extracted from datasheet and hard-coded into
3246		header files or board specific files.
3247
3248- CONFIG_FSL_DDR_INTERACTIVE
3249		Enable interactive DDR debugging. See doc/README.fsl-ddr.
3250
3251- CONFIG_FSL_DDR_SYNC_REFRESH
3252		Enable sync of refresh for multiple controllers.
3253
3254- CONFIG_FSL_DDR_BIST
3255		Enable built-in memory test for Freescale DDR controllers.
3256
3257- CONFIG_SYS_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
3258		Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should
3259		be configured using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
3260
3261- CONFIG_RMII
3262		Enable RMII mode for all FECs.
3263		Note that this is a global option, we can't
3264		have one FEC in standard MII mode and another in RMII mode.
3265
3266- CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY
3267		Add a verify option to the crc32 command.
3268		The syntax is:
3269
3270		=> crc32 -v <address> <count> <crc32>
3271
3272		Where address/count indicate a memory area
3273		and crc32 is the correct crc32 which the
3274		area should have.
3275
3276- CONFIG_LOOPW
3277		Add the "loopw" memory command. This only takes effect if
3278		the memory commands are activated globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEMORY).
3279
3280- CONFIG_MX_CYCLIC
3281		Add the "mdc" and "mwc" memory commands. These are cyclic
3282		"md/mw" commands.
3283		Examples:
3284
3285		=> mdc.b 10 4 500
3286		This command will print 4 bytes (10,11,12,13) each 500 ms.
3287
3288		=> mwc.l 100 12345678 10
3289		This command will write 12345678 to address 100 all 10 ms.
3290
3291		This only takes effect if the memory commands are activated
3292		globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEMORY).
3293
3294- CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
3295		[ARM, NDS32, MIPS, RISC-V only] If this variable is defined, then certain
3296		low level initializations (like setting up the memory
3297		controller) are omitted and/or U-Boot does not
3298		relocate itself into RAM.
3299
3300		Normally this variable MUST NOT be defined. The only
3301		exception is when U-Boot is loaded (to RAM) by some
3302		other boot loader or by a debugger which performs
3303		these initializations itself.
3304
3305- CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT_ONLY
3306		[ARM926EJ-S only] This allows just the call to lowlevel_init()
3307		to be skipped. The normal CP15 init (such as enabling the
3308		instruction cache) is still performed.
3309
3310- CONFIG_SPL_BUILD
3311		Modifies the behaviour of start.S when compiling a loader
3312		that is executed before the actual U-Boot. E.g. when
3313		compiling a NAND SPL.
3314
3315- CONFIG_TPL_BUILD
3316		Modifies the behaviour of start.S  when compiling a loader
3317		that is executed after the SPL and before the actual U-Boot.
3318		It is loaded by the SPL.
3319
3320- CONFIG_SYS_MPC85XX_NO_RESETVEC
3321		Only for 85xx systems. If this variable is specified, the section
3322		.resetvec is not kept and the section .bootpg is placed in the
3323		previous 4k of the .text section.
3324
3325- CONFIG_ARCH_MAP_SYSMEM
3326		Generally U-Boot (and in particular the md command) uses
3327		effective address. It is therefore not necessary to regard
3328		U-Boot address as virtual addresses that need to be translated
3329		to physical addresses. However, sandbox requires this, since
3330		it maintains its own little RAM buffer which contains all
3331		addressable memory. This option causes some memory accesses
3332		to be mapped through map_sysmem() / unmap_sysmem().
3333
3334- CONFIG_X86_RESET_VECTOR
3335		If defined, the x86 reset vector code is included. This is not
3336		needed when U-Boot is running from Coreboot.
3337
3338- CONFIG_SYS_NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE
3339		Option to disable subpage write in NAND driver
3340		driver that uses this:
3341		drivers/mtd/nand/raw/davinci_nand.c
3342
3343Freescale QE/FMAN Firmware Support:
3344-----------------------------------
3345
3346The Freescale QUICCEngine (QE) and Frame Manager (FMAN) both support the
3347loading of "firmware", which is encoded in the QE firmware binary format.
3348This firmware often needs to be loaded during U-Boot booting, so macros
3349are used to identify the storage device (NOR flash, SPI, etc) and the address
3350within that device.
3351
3352- CONFIG_SYS_FMAN_FW_ADDR
3353	The address in the storage device where the FMAN microcode is located.  The
3354	meaning of this address depends on which CONFIG_SYS_QE_FW_IN_xxx macro
3355	is also specified.
3356
3357- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FW_ADDR
3358	The address in the storage device where the QE microcode is located.  The
3359	meaning of this address depends on which CONFIG_SYS_QE_FW_IN_xxx macro
3360	is also specified.
3361
3362- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FMAN_FW_LENGTH
3363	The maximum possible size of the firmware.  The firmware binary format
3364	has a field that specifies the actual size of the firmware, but it
3365	might not be possible to read any part of the firmware unless some
3366	local storage is allocated to hold the entire firmware first.
3367
3368- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FMAN_FW_IN_NOR
3369	Specifies that QE/FMAN firmware is located in NOR flash, mapped as
3370	normal addressable memory via the LBC.  CONFIG_SYS_FMAN_FW_ADDR is the
3371	virtual address in NOR flash.
3372
3373- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FMAN_FW_IN_NAND
3374	Specifies that QE/FMAN firmware is located in NAND flash.
3375	CONFIG_SYS_FMAN_FW_ADDR is the offset within NAND flash.
3376
3377- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FMAN_FW_IN_MMC
3378	Specifies that QE/FMAN firmware is located on the primary SD/MMC
3379	device.  CONFIG_SYS_FMAN_FW_ADDR is the byte offset on that device.
3380
3381- CONFIG_SYS_QE_FMAN_FW_IN_REMOTE
3382	Specifies that QE/FMAN firmware is located in the remote (master)
3383	memory space.	CONFIG_SYS_FMAN_FW_ADDR is a virtual address which
3384	can be mapped from slave TLB->slave LAW->slave SRIO or PCIE outbound
3385	window->master inbound window->master LAW->the ucode address in
3386	master's memory space.
3387
3388Freescale Layerscape Management Complex Firmware Support:
3389---------------------------------------------------------
3390The Freescale Layerscape Management Complex (MC) supports the loading of
3391"firmware".
3392This firmware often needs to be loaded during U-Boot booting, so macros
3393are used to identify the storage device (NOR flash, SPI, etc) and the address
3394within that device.
3395
3396- CONFIG_FSL_MC_ENET
3397	Enable the MC driver for Layerscape SoCs.
3398
3399Freescale Layerscape Debug Server Support:
3400-------------------------------------------
3401The Freescale Layerscape Debug Server Support supports the loading of
3402"Debug Server firmware" and triggering SP boot-rom.
3403This firmware often needs to be loaded during U-Boot booting.
3404
3405- CONFIG_SYS_MC_RSV_MEM_ALIGN
3406	Define alignment of reserved memory MC requires
3407
3408Reproducible builds
3409-------------------
3410
3411In order to achieve reproducible builds, timestamps used in the U-Boot build
3412process have to be set to a fixed value.
3413
3414This is done using the SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH environment variable.
3415SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH is to be set on the build host's shell, not as a configuration
3416option for U-Boot or an environment variable in U-Boot.
3417
3418SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH should be set to a number of seconds since the epoch, in UTC.
3419
3420Building the Software:
3421======================
3422
3423Building U-Boot has been tested in several native build environments
3424and in many different cross environments. Of course we cannot support
3425all possibly existing versions of cross development tools in all
3426(potentially obsolete) versions. In case of tool chain problems we
3427recommend to use the ELDK (see http://www.denx.de/wiki/DULG/ELDK)
3428which is extensively used to build and test U-Boot.
3429
3430If you are not using a native environment, it is assumed that you
3431have GNU cross compiling tools available in your path. In this case,
3432you must set the environment variable CROSS_COMPILE in your shell.
3433Note that no changes to the Makefile or any other source files are
3434necessary. For example using the ELDK on a 4xx CPU, please enter:
3435
3436	$ CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_4xx-
3437	$ export CROSS_COMPILE
3438
3439Note: If you wish to generate Windows versions of the utilities in
3440      the tools directory you can use the MinGW toolchain
3441      (http://www.mingw.org).  Set your HOST tools to the MinGW
3442      toolchain and execute 'make tools'.  For example:
3443
3444       $ make HOSTCC=i586-mingw32msvc-gcc HOSTSTRIP=i586-mingw32msvc-strip tools
3445
3446      Binaries such as tools/mkimage.exe will be created which can
3447      be executed on computers running Windows.
3448
3449U-Boot is intended to be simple to build. After installing the
3450sources you must configure U-Boot for one specific board type. This
3451is done by typing:
3452
3453	make NAME_defconfig
3454
3455where "NAME_defconfig" is the name of one of the existing configu-
3456rations; see boards.cfg for supported names.
3457
3458Note: for some board special configuration names may exist; check if
3459      additional information is available from the board vendor; for
3460      instance, the TQM823L systems are available without (standard)
3461      or with LCD support. You can select such additional "features"
3462      when choosing the configuration, i. e.
3463
3464      make TQM823L_defconfig
3465	- will configure for a plain TQM823L, i. e. no LCD support
3466
3467      make TQM823L_LCD_defconfig
3468	- will configure for a TQM823L with U-Boot console on LCD
3469
3470      etc.
3471
3472
3473Finally, type "make all", and you should get some working U-Boot
3474images ready for download to / installation on your system:
3475
3476- "u-boot.bin" is a raw binary image
3477- "u-boot" is an image in ELF binary format
3478- "u-boot.srec" is in Motorola S-Record format
3479
3480By default the build is performed locally and the objects are saved
3481in the source directory. One of the two methods can be used to change
3482this behavior and build U-Boot to some external directory:
3483
34841. Add O= to the make command line invocations:
3485
3486	make O=/tmp/build distclean
3487	make O=/tmp/build NAME_defconfig
3488	make O=/tmp/build all
3489
34902. Set environment variable KBUILD_OUTPUT to point to the desired location:
3491
3492	export KBUILD_OUTPUT=/tmp/build
3493	make distclean
3494	make NAME_defconfig
3495	make all
3496
3497Note that the command line "O=" setting overrides the KBUILD_OUTPUT environment
3498variable.
3499
3500User specific CPPFLAGS, AFLAGS and CFLAGS can be passed to the compiler by
3501setting the according environment variables KCPPFLAGS, KAFLAGS and KCFLAGS.
3502For example to treat all compiler warnings as errors:
3503
3504	make KCFLAGS=-Werror
3505
3506Please be aware that the Makefiles assume you are using GNU make, so
3507for instance on NetBSD you might need to use "gmake" instead of
3508native "make".
3509
3510
3511If the system board that you have is not listed, then you will need
3512to port U-Boot to your hardware platform. To do this, follow these
3513steps:
3514
35151.  Create a new directory to hold your board specific code. Add any
3516    files you need. In your board directory, you will need at least
3517    the "Makefile" and a "<board>.c".
35182.  Create a new configuration file "include/configs/<board>.h" for
3519    your board.
35203.  If you're porting U-Boot to a new CPU, then also create a new
3521    directory to hold your CPU specific code. Add any files you need.
35224.  Run "make <board>_defconfig" with your new name.
35235.  Type "make", and you should get a working "u-boot.srec" file
3524    to be installed on your target system.
35256.  Debug and solve any problems that might arise.
3526    [Of course, this last step is much harder than it sounds.]
3527
3528
3529Testing of U-Boot Modifications, Ports to New Hardware, etc.:
3530==============================================================
3531
3532If you have modified U-Boot sources (for instance added a new board
3533or support for new devices, a new CPU, etc.) you are expected to
3534provide feedback to the other developers. The feedback normally takes
3535the form of a "patch", i. e. a context diff against a certain (latest
3536official or latest in the git repository) version of U-Boot sources.
3537
3538But before you submit such a patch, please verify that your modifi-
3539cation did not break existing code. At least make sure that *ALL* of
3540the supported boards compile WITHOUT ANY compiler warnings. To do so,
3541just run the buildman script (tools/buildman/buildman), which will
3542configure and build U-Boot for ALL supported system. Be warned, this
3543will take a while. Please see the buildman README, or run 'buildman -H'
3544for documentation.
3545
3546
3547See also "U-Boot Porting Guide" below.
3548
3549
3550Monitor Commands - Overview:
3551============================
3552
3553go	- start application at address 'addr'
3554run	- run commands in an environment variable
3555bootm	- boot application image from memory
3556bootp	- boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
3557bootz   - boot zImage from memory
3558tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
3559	       and env variables "ipaddr" and "serverip"
3560	       (and eventually "gatewayip")
3561tftpput - upload a file via network using TFTP protocol
3562rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
3563diskboot- boot from IDE devicebootd   - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
3564loads	- load S-Record file over serial line
3565loadb	- load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
3566md	- memory display
3567mm	- memory modify (auto-incrementing)
3568nm	- memory modify (constant address)
3569mw	- memory write (fill)
3570cp	- memory copy
3571cmp	- memory compare
3572crc32	- checksum calculation
3573i2c	- I2C sub-system
3574sspi	- SPI utility commands
3575base	- print or set address offset
3576printenv- print environment variables
3577setenv	- set environment variables
3578saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
3579protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection
3580erase	- erase FLASH memory
3581flinfo	- print FLASH memory information
3582nand	- NAND memory operations (see doc/README.nand)
3583bdinfo	- print Board Info structure
3584iminfo	- print header information for application image
3585coninfo - print console devices and informations
3586ide	- IDE sub-system
3587loop	- infinite loop on address range
3588loopw	- infinite write loop on address range
3589mtest	- simple RAM test
3590icache	- enable or disable instruction cache
3591dcache	- enable or disable data cache
3592reset	- Perform RESET of the CPU
3593echo	- echo args to console
3594version - print monitor version
3595help	- print online help
3596?	- alias for 'help'
3597
3598
3599Monitor Commands - Detailed Description:
3600========================================
3601
3602TODO.
3603
3604For now: just type "help <command>".
3605
3606
3607Environment Variables:
3608======================
3609
3610U-Boot supports user configuration using Environment Variables which
3611can be made persistent by saving to Flash memory.
3612
3613Environment Variables are set using "setenv", printed using
3614"printenv", and saved to Flash using "saveenv". Using "setenv"
3615without a value can be used to delete a variable from the
3616environment. As long as you don't save the environment you are
3617working with an in-memory copy. In case the Flash area containing the
3618environment is erased by accident, a default environment is provided.
3619
3620Some configuration options can be set using Environment Variables.
3621
3622List of environment variables (most likely not complete):
3623
3624  baudrate	- see CONFIG_BAUDRATE
3625
3626  bootdelay	- see CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
3627
3628  bootcmd	- see CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
3629
3630  bootargs	- Boot arguments when booting an RTOS image
3631
3632  bootfile	- Name of the image to load with TFTP
3633
3634  bootm_low	- Memory range available for image processing in the bootm
3635		  command can be restricted. This variable is given as
3636		  a hexadecimal number and defines lowest address allowed
3637		  for use by the bootm command. See also "bootm_size"
3638		  environment variable. Address defined by "bootm_low" is
3639		  also the base of the initial memory mapping for the Linux
3640		  kernel -- see the description of CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ and
3641		  bootm_mapsize.
3642
3643  bootm_mapsize - Size of the initial memory mapping for the Linux kernel.
3644		  This variable is given as a hexadecimal number and it
3645		  defines the size of the memory region starting at base
3646		  address bootm_low that is accessible by the Linux kernel
3647		  during early boot.  If unset, CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ is used
3648		  as the default value if it is defined, and bootm_size is
3649		  used otherwise.
3650
3651  bootm_size	- Memory range available for image processing in the bootm
3652		  command can be restricted. This variable is given as
3653		  a hexadecimal number and defines the size of the region
3654		  allowed for use by the bootm command. See also "bootm_low"
3655		  environment variable.
3656
3657  updatefile	- Location of the software update file on a TFTP server, used
3658		  by the automatic software update feature. Please refer to
3659		  documentation in doc/README.update for more details.
3660
3661  autoload	- if set to "no" (any string beginning with 'n'),
3662		  "bootp" will just load perform a lookup of the
3663		  configuration from the BOOTP server, but not try to
3664		  load any image using TFTP
3665
3666  autostart	- if set to "yes", an image loaded using the "bootp",
3667		  "rarpboot", "tftpboot" or "diskboot" commands will
3668		  be automatically started (by internally calling
3669		  "bootm")
3670
3671		  If set to "no", a standalone image passed to the
3672		  "bootm" command will be copied to the load address
3673		  (and eventually uncompressed), but NOT be started.
3674		  This can be used to load and uncompress arbitrary
3675		  data.
3676
3677  fdt_high	- if set this restricts the maximum address that the
3678		  flattened device tree will be copied into upon boot.
3679		  For example, if you have a system with 1 GB memory
3680		  at physical address 0x10000000, while Linux kernel
3681		  only recognizes the first 704 MB as low memory, you
3682		  may need to set fdt_high as 0x3C000000 to have the
3683		  device tree blob be copied to the maximum address
3684		  of the 704 MB low memory, so that Linux kernel can
3685		  access it during the boot procedure.
3686
3687		  If this is set to the special value 0xFFFFFFFF then
3688		  the fdt will not be copied at all on boot.  For this
3689		  to work it must reside in writable memory, have
3690		  sufficient padding on the end of it for u-boot to
3691		  add the information it needs into it, and the memory
3692		  must be accessible by the kernel.
3693
3694  fdtcontroladdr- if set this is the address of the control flattened
3695		  device tree used by U-Boot when CONFIG_OF_CONTROL is
3696		  defined.
3697
3698  i2cfast	- (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
3699		  if set to 'y' configures Linux I2C driver for fast
3700		  mode (400kHZ). This environment variable is used in
3701		  initialization code. So, for changes to be effective
3702		  it must be saved and board must be reset.
3703
3704  initrd_high	- restrict positioning of initrd images:
3705		  If this variable is not set, initrd images will be
3706		  copied to the highest possible address in RAM; this
3707		  is usually what you want since it allows for
3708		  maximum initrd size. If for some reason you want to
3709		  make sure that the initrd image is loaded below the
3710		  CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ limit, you can set this environment
3711		  variable to a value of "no" or "off" or "0".
3712		  Alternatively, you can set it to a maximum upper
3713		  address to use (U-Boot will still check that it
3714		  does not overwrite the U-Boot stack and data).
3715
3716		  For instance, when you have a system with 16 MB
3717		  RAM, and want to reserve 4 MB from use by Linux,
3718		  you can do this by adding "mem=12M" to the value of
3719		  the "bootargs" variable. However, now you must make
3720		  sure that the initrd image is placed in the first
3721		  12 MB as well - this can be done with
3722
3723		  setenv initrd_high 00c00000
3724
3725		  If you set initrd_high to 0xFFFFFFFF, this is an
3726		  indication to U-Boot that all addresses are legal
3727		  for the Linux kernel, including addresses in flash
3728		  memory. In this case U-Boot will NOT COPY the
3729		  ramdisk at all. This may be useful to reduce the
3730		  boot time on your system, but requires that this
3731		  feature is supported by your Linux kernel.
3732
3733  ipaddr	- IP address; needed for tftpboot command
3734
3735  loadaddr	- Default load address for commands like "bootp",
3736		  "rarpboot", "tftpboot", "loadb" or "diskboot"
3737
3738  loads_echo	- see CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
3739
3740  serverip	- TFTP server IP address; needed for tftpboot command
3741
3742  bootretry	- see CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
3743
3744  bootdelaykey	- see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
3745
3746  bootstopkey	- see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
3747
3748  ethprime	- controls which interface is used first.
3749
3750  ethact	- controls which interface is currently active.
3751		  For example you can do the following
3752
3753		  => setenv ethact FEC
3754		  => ping 192.168.0.1 # traffic sent on FEC
3755		  => setenv ethact SCC
3756		  => ping 10.0.0.1 # traffic sent on SCC
3757
3758  ethrotate	- When set to "no" U-Boot does not go through all
3759		  available network interfaces.
3760		  It just stays at the currently selected interface.
3761
3762  netretry	- When set to "no" each network operation will
3763		  either succeed or fail without retrying.
3764		  When set to "once" the network operation will
3765		  fail when all the available network interfaces
3766		  are tried once without success.
3767		  Useful on scripts which control the retry operation
3768		  themselves.
3769
3770  npe_ucode	- set load address for the NPE microcode
3771
3772  silent_linux  - If set then Linux will be told to boot silently, by
3773		  changing the console to be empty. If "yes" it will be
3774		  made silent. If "no" it will not be made silent. If
3775		  unset, then it will be made silent if the U-Boot console
3776		  is silent.
3777
3778  tftpsrcp	- If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's
3779		  UDP source port.
3780
3781  tftpdstp	- If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's UDP
3782		  destination port instead of the Well Know Port 69.
3783
3784  tftpblocksize - Block size to use for TFTP transfers; if not set,
3785		  we use the TFTP server's default block size
3786
3787  tftptimeout	- Retransmission timeout for TFTP packets (in milli-
3788		  seconds, minimum value is 1000 = 1 second). Defines
3789		  when a packet is considered to be lost so it has to
3790		  be retransmitted. The default is 5000 = 5 seconds.
3791		  Lowering this value may make downloads succeed
3792		  faster in networks with high packet loss rates or
3793		  with unreliable TFTP servers.
3794
3795  tftptimeoutcountmax	- maximum count of TFTP timeouts (no
3796		  unit, minimum value = 0). Defines how many timeouts
3797		  can happen during a single file transfer before that
3798		  transfer is aborted. The default is 10, and 0 means
3799		  'no timeouts allowed'. Increasing this value may help
3800		  downloads succeed with high packet loss rates, or with
3801		  unreliable TFTP servers or client hardware.
3802
3803  vlan		- When set to a value < 4095 the traffic over
3804		  Ethernet is encapsulated/received over 802.1q
3805		  VLAN tagged frames.
3806
3807  bootpretryperiod	- Period during which BOOTP/DHCP sends retries.
3808		  Unsigned value, in milliseconds. If not set, the period will
3809		  be either the default (28000), or a value based on
3810		  CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT, if defined. This value has
3811		  precedence over the valu based on CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT.
3812
3813The following image location variables contain the location of images
3814used in booting. The "Image" column gives the role of the image and is
3815not an environment variable name. The other columns are environment
3816variable names. "File Name" gives the name of the file on a TFTP
3817server, "RAM Address" gives the location in RAM the image will be
3818loaded to, and "Flash Location" gives the image's address in NOR
3819flash or offset in NAND flash.
3820
3821*Note* - these variables don't have to be defined for all boards, some
3822boards currently use other variables for these purposes, and some
3823boards use these variables for other purposes.
3824
3825Image		    File Name	     RAM Address       Flash Location
3826-----		    ---------	     -----------       --------------
3827u-boot		    u-boot	     u-boot_addr_r     u-boot_addr
3828Linux kernel	    bootfile	     kernel_addr_r     kernel_addr
3829device tree blob    fdtfile	     fdt_addr_r	       fdt_addr
3830ramdisk		    ramdiskfile	     ramdisk_addr_r    ramdisk_addr
3831
3832The following environment variables may be used and automatically
3833updated by the network boot commands ("bootp" and "rarpboot"),
3834depending the information provided by your boot server:
3835
3836  bootfile	- see above
3837  dnsip		- IP address of your Domain Name Server
3838  dnsip2	- IP address of your secondary Domain Name Server
3839  gatewayip	- IP address of the Gateway (Router) to use
3840  hostname	- Target hostname
3841  ipaddr	- see above
3842  netmask	- Subnet Mask
3843  rootpath	- Pathname of the root filesystem on the NFS server
3844  serverip	- see above
3845
3846
3847There are two special Environment Variables:
3848
3849  serial#	- contains hardware identification information such
3850		  as type string and/or serial number
3851  ethaddr	- Ethernet address
3852
3853These variables can be set only once (usually during manufacturing of
3854the board). U-Boot refuses to delete or overwrite these variables
3855once they have been set once.
3856
3857
3858Further special Environment Variables:
3859
3860  ver		- Contains the U-Boot version string as printed
3861		  with the "version" command. This variable is
3862		  readonly (see CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE).
3863
3864
3865Please note that changes to some configuration parameters may take
3866only effect after the next boot (yes, that's just like Windoze :-).
3867
3868
3869Callback functions for environment variables:
3870---------------------------------------------
3871
3872For some environment variables, the behavior of u-boot needs to change
3873when their values are changed.  This functionality allows functions to
3874be associated with arbitrary variables.  On creation, overwrite, or
3875deletion, the callback will provide the opportunity for some side
3876effect to happen or for the change to be rejected.
3877
3878The callbacks are named and associated with a function using the
3879U_BOOT_ENV_CALLBACK macro in your board or driver code.
3880
3881These callbacks are associated with variables in one of two ways.  The
3882static list can be added to by defining CONFIG_ENV_CALLBACK_LIST_STATIC
3883in the board configuration to a string that defines a list of
3884associations.  The list must be in the following format:
3885
3886	entry = variable_name[:callback_name]
3887	list = entry[,list]
3888
3889If the callback name is not specified, then the callback is deleted.
3890Spaces are also allowed anywhere in the list.
3891
3892Callbacks can also be associated by defining the ".callbacks" variable
3893with the same list format above.  Any association in ".callbacks" will
3894override any association in the static list. You can define
3895CONFIG_ENV_CALLBACK_LIST_DEFAULT to a list (string) to define the
3896".callbacks" environment variable in the default or embedded environment.
3897
3898If CONFIG_REGEX is defined, the variable_name above is evaluated as a
3899regular expression. This allows multiple variables to be connected to
3900the same callback without explicitly listing them all out.
3901
3902The signature of the callback functions is:
3903
3904    int callback(const char *name, const char *value, enum env_op op, int flags)
3905
3906* name - changed environment variable
3907* value - new value of the environment variable
3908* op - operation (create, overwrite, or delete)
3909* flags - attributes of the environment variable change, see flags H_* in
3910  include/search.h
3911
3912The return value is 0 if the variable change is accepted and 1 otherwise.
3913
3914Command Line Parsing:
3915=====================
3916
3917There are two different command line parsers available with U-Boot:
3918the old "simple" one, and the much more powerful "hush" shell:
3919
3920Old, simple command line parser:
3921--------------------------------
3922
3923- supports environment variables (through setenv / saveenv commands)
3924- several commands on one line, separated by ';'
3925- variable substitution using "... ${name} ..." syntax
3926- special characters ('$', ';') can be escaped by prefixing with '\',
3927  for example:
3928	setenv bootcmd bootm \${address}
3929- You can also escape text by enclosing in single apostrophes, for example:
3930	setenv addip 'setenv bootargs $bootargs ip=$ipaddr:$serverip:$gatewayip:$netmask:$hostname::off'
3931
3932Hush shell:
3933-----------
3934
3935- similar to Bourne shell, with control structures like
3936  if...then...else...fi, for...do...done; while...do...done,
3937  until...do...done, ...
3938- supports environment ("global") variables (through setenv / saveenv
3939  commands) and local shell variables (through standard shell syntax
3940  "name=value"); only environment variables can be used with "run"
3941  command
3942
3943General rules:
3944--------------
3945
3946(1) If a command line (or an environment variable executed by a "run"
3947    command) contains several commands separated by semicolon, and
3948    one of these commands fails, then the remaining commands will be
3949    executed anyway.
3950
3951(2) If you execute several variables with one call to run (i. e.
3952    calling run with a list of variables as arguments), any failing
3953    command will cause "run" to terminate, i. e. the remaining
3954    variables are not executed.
3955
3956Note for Redundant Ethernet Interfaces:
3957=======================================
3958
3959Some boards come with redundant Ethernet interfaces; U-Boot supports
3960such configurations and is capable of automatic selection of a
3961"working" interface when needed. MAC assignment works as follows:
3962
3963Network interfaces are numbered eth0, eth1, eth2, ... Corresponding
3964MAC addresses can be stored in the environment as "ethaddr" (=>eth0),
3965"eth1addr" (=>eth1), "eth2addr", ...
3966
3967If the network interface stores some valid MAC address (for instance
3968in SROM), this is used as default address if there is NO correspon-
3969ding setting in the environment; if the corresponding environment
3970variable is set, this overrides the settings in the card; that means:
3971
3972o If the SROM has a valid MAC address, and there is no address in the
3973  environment, the SROM's address is used.
3974
3975o If there is no valid address in the SROM, and a definition in the
3976  environment exists, then the value from the environment variable is
3977  used.
3978
3979o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and
3980  both addresses are the same, this MAC address is used.
3981
3982o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and the
3983  addresses differ, the value from the environment is used and a
3984  warning is printed.
3985
3986o If neither SROM nor the environment contain a MAC address, an error
3987  is raised. If CONFIG_NET_RANDOM_ETHADDR is defined, then in this case
3988  a random, locally-assigned MAC is used.
3989
3990If Ethernet drivers implement the 'write_hwaddr' function, valid MAC addresses
3991will be programmed into hardware as part of the initialization process.	 This
3992may be skipped by setting the appropriate 'ethmacskip' environment variable.
3993The naming convention is as follows:
3994"ethmacskip" (=>eth0), "eth1macskip" (=>eth1) etc.
3995
3996Image Formats:
3997==============
3998
3999U-Boot is capable of booting (and performing other auxiliary operations on)
4000images in two formats:
4001
4002New uImage format (FIT)
4003-----------------------
4004
4005Flexible and powerful format based on Flattened Image Tree -- FIT (similar
4006to Flattened Device Tree). It allows the use of images with multiple
4007components (several kernels, ramdisks, etc.), with contents protected by
4008SHA1, MD5 or CRC32. More details are found in the doc/uImage.FIT directory.
4009
4010
4011Old uImage format
4012-----------------
4013
4014Old image format is based on binary files which can be basically anything,
4015preceded by a special header; see the definitions in include/image.h for
4016details; basically, the header defines the following image properties:
4017
4018* Target Operating System (Provisions for OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD,
4019  4.4BSD, Linux, SVR4, Esix, Solaris, Irix, SCO, Dell, NCR, VxWorks,
4020  LynxOS, pSOS, QNX, RTEMS, INTEGRITY;
4021  Currently supported: Linux, NetBSD, VxWorks, QNX, RTEMS, LynxOS,
4022  INTEGRITY).
4023* Target CPU Architecture (Provisions for Alpha, ARM, Intel x86,
4024  IA64, MIPS, NDS32, Nios II, PowerPC, IBM S390, SuperH, Sparc, Sparc 64 Bit;
4025  Currently supported: ARM, Intel x86, MIPS, NDS32, Nios II, PowerPC).
4026* Compression Type (uncompressed, gzip, bzip2)
4027* Load Address
4028* Entry Point
4029* Image Name
4030* Image Timestamp
4031
4032The header is marked by a special Magic Number, and both the header
4033and the data portions of the image are secured against corruption by
4034CRC32 checksums.
4035
4036
4037Linux Support:
4038==============
4039
4040Although U-Boot should support any OS or standalone application
4041easily, the main focus has always been on Linux during the design of
4042U-Boot.
4043
4044U-Boot includes many features that so far have been part of some
4045special "boot loader" code within the Linux kernel. Also, any
4046"initrd" images to be used are no longer part of one big Linux image;
4047instead, kernel and "initrd" are separate images. This implementation
4048serves several purposes:
4049
4050- the same features can be used for other OS or standalone
4051  applications (for instance: using compressed images to reduce the
4052  Flash memory footprint)
4053
4054- it becomes much easier to port new Linux kernel versions because
4055  lots of low-level, hardware dependent stuff are done by U-Boot
4056
4057- the same Linux kernel image can now be used with different "initrd"
4058  images; of course this also means that different kernel images can
4059  be run with the same "initrd". This makes testing easier (you don't
4060  have to build a new "zImage.initrd" Linux image when you just
4061  change a file in your "initrd"). Also, a field-upgrade of the
4062  software is easier now.
4063
4064
4065Linux HOWTO:
4066============
4067
4068Porting Linux to U-Boot based systems:
4069---------------------------------------
4070
4071U-Boot cannot save you from doing all the necessary modifications to
4072configure the Linux device drivers for use with your target hardware
4073(no, we don't intend to provide a full virtual machine interface to
4074Linux :-).
4075
4076But now you can ignore ALL boot loader code (in arch/powerpc/mbxboot).
4077
4078Just make sure your machine specific header file (for instance
4079include/asm-ppc/tqm8xx.h) includes the same definition of the Board
4080Information structure as we define in include/asm-<arch>/u-boot.h,
4081and make sure that your definition of IMAP_ADDR uses the same value
4082as your U-Boot configuration in CONFIG_SYS_IMMR.
4083
4084Note that U-Boot now has a driver model, a unified model for drivers.
4085If you are adding a new driver, plumb it into driver model. If there
4086is no uclass available, you are encouraged to create one. See
4087doc/driver-model.
4088
4089
4090Configuring the Linux kernel:
4091-----------------------------
4092
4093No specific requirements for U-Boot. Make sure you have some root
4094device (initial ramdisk, NFS) for your target system.
4095
4096
4097Building a Linux Image:
4098-----------------------
4099
4100With U-Boot, "normal" build targets like "zImage" or "bzImage" are
4101not used. If you use recent kernel source, a new build target
4102"uImage" will exist which automatically builds an image usable by
4103U-Boot. Most older kernels also have support for a "pImage" target,
4104which was introduced for our predecessor project PPCBoot and uses a
4105100% compatible format.
4106
4107Example:
4108
4109	make TQM850L_defconfig
4110	make oldconfig
4111	make dep
4112	make uImage
4113
4114The "uImage" build target uses a special tool (in 'tools/mkimage') to
4115encapsulate a compressed Linux kernel image with header	 information,
4116CRC32 checksum etc. for use with U-Boot. This is what we are doing:
4117
4118* build a standard "vmlinux" kernel image (in ELF binary format):
4119
4120* convert the kernel into a raw binary image:
4121
4122	${CROSS_COMPILE}-objcopy -O binary \
4123				 -R .note -R .comment \
4124				 -S vmlinux linux.bin
4125
4126* compress the binary image:
4127
4128	gzip -9 linux.bin
4129
4130* package compressed binary image for U-Boot:
4131
4132	mkimage -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip \
4133		-a 0 -e 0 -n "Linux Kernel Image" \
4134		-d linux.bin.gz uImage
4135
4136
4137The "mkimage" tool can also be used to create ramdisk images for use
4138with U-Boot, either separated from the Linux kernel image, or
4139combined into one file. "mkimage" encapsulates the images with a 64
4140byte header containing information about target architecture,
4141operating system, image type, compression method, entry points, time
4142stamp, CRC32 checksums, etc.
4143
4144"mkimage" can be called in two ways: to verify existing images and
4145print the header information, or to build new images.
4146
4147In the first form (with "-l" option) mkimage lists the information
4148contained in the header of an existing U-Boot image; this includes
4149checksum verification:
4150
4151	tools/mkimage -l image
4152	  -l ==> list image header information
4153
4154The second form (with "-d" option) is used to build a U-Boot image
4155from a "data file" which is used as image payload:
4156
4157	tools/mkimage -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep \
4158		      -n name -d data_file image
4159	  -A ==> set architecture to 'arch'
4160	  -O ==> set operating system to 'os'
4161	  -T ==> set image type to 'type'
4162	  -C ==> set compression type 'comp'
4163	  -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)
4164	  -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)
4165	  -n ==> set image name to 'name'
4166	  -d ==> use image data from 'datafile'
4167
4168Right now, all Linux kernels for PowerPC systems use the same load
4169address (0x00000000), but the entry point address depends on the
4170kernel version:
4171
4172- 2.2.x kernels have the entry point at 0x0000000C,
4173- 2.3.x and later kernels have the entry point at 0x00000000.
4174
4175So a typical call to build a U-Boot image would read:
4176
4177	-> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
4178	> -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0 -e 0 \
4179	> -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/powerpc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz \
4180	> examples/uImage.TQM850L
4181	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
4182	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
4183	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4184	Data Size:    335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
4185	Load Address: 0x00000000
4186	Entry Point:  0x00000000
4187
4188To verify the contents of the image (or check for corruption):
4189
4190	-> tools/mkimage -l examples/uImage.TQM850L
4191	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
4192	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
4193	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4194	Data Size:    335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
4195	Load Address: 0x00000000
4196	Entry Point:  0x00000000
4197
4198NOTE: for embedded systems where boot time is critical you can trade
4199speed for memory and install an UNCOMPRESSED image instead: this
4200needs more space in Flash, but boots much faster since it does not
4201need to be uncompressed:
4202
4203	-> gunzip /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/powerpc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz
4204	-> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
4205	> -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0 -e 0 \
4206	> -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/powerpc/coffboot/vmlinux \
4207	> examples/uImage.TQM850L-uncompressed
4208	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
4209	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
4210	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
4211	Data Size:    792160 Bytes = 773.59 kB = 0.76 MB
4212	Load Address: 0x00000000
4213	Entry Point:  0x00000000
4214
4215
4216Similar you can build U-Boot images from a 'ramdisk.image.gz' file
4217when your kernel is intended to use an initial ramdisk:
4218
4219	-> tools/mkimage -n 'Simple Ramdisk Image' \
4220	> -A ppc -O linux -T ramdisk -C gzip \
4221	> -d /LinuxPPC/images/SIMPLE-ramdisk.image.gz examples/simple-initrd
4222	Image Name:   Simple Ramdisk Image
4223	Created:      Wed Jan 12 14:01:50 2000
4224	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
4225	Data Size:    566530 Bytes = 553.25 kB = 0.54 MB
4226	Load Address: 0x00000000
4227	Entry Point:  0x00000000
4228
4229The "dumpimage" is a tool to disassemble images built by mkimage. Its "-i"
4230option performs the converse operation of the mkimage's second form (the "-d"
4231option). Given an image built by mkimage, the dumpimage extracts a "data file"
4232from the image:
4233
4234	tools/dumpimage -i image -T type -p position data_file
4235	  -i ==> extract from the 'image' a specific 'data_file'
4236	  -T ==> set image type to 'type'
4237	  -p ==> 'position' (starting at 0) of the 'data_file' inside the 'image'
4238
4239
4240Installing a Linux Image:
4241-------------------------
4242
4243To downloading a U-Boot image over the serial (console) interface,
4244you must convert the image to S-Record format:
4245
4246	objcopy -I binary -O srec examples/image examples/image.srec
4247
4248The 'objcopy' does not understand the information in the U-Boot
4249image header, so the resulting S-Record file will be relative to
4250address 0x00000000. To load it to a given address, you need to
4251specify the target address as 'offset' parameter with the 'loads'
4252command.
4253
4254Example: install the image to address 0x40100000 (which on the
4255TQM8xxL is in the first Flash bank):
4256
4257	=> erase 40100000 401FFFFF
4258
4259	.......... done
4260	Erased 8 sectors
4261
4262	=> loads 40100000
4263	## Ready for S-Record download ...
4264	~>examples/image.srec
4265	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ...
4266	...
4267	15989 15990 15991 15992
4268	[file transfer complete]
4269	[connected]
4270	## Start Addr = 0x00000000
4271
4272
4273You can check the success of the download using the 'iminfo' command;
4274this includes a checksum verification so you can be sure no data
4275corruption happened:
4276
4277	=> imi 40100000
4278
4279	## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
4280	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
4281	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4282	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
4283	   Load Address: 00000000
4284	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
4285	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4286
4287
4288Boot Linux:
4289-----------
4290
4291The "bootm" command is used to boot an application that is stored in
4292memory (RAM or Flash). In case of a Linux kernel image, the contents
4293of the "bootargs" environment variable is passed to the kernel as
4294parameters. You can check and modify this variable using the
4295"printenv" and "setenv" commands:
4296
4297
4298	=> printenv bootargs
4299	bootargs=root=/dev/ram
4300
4301	=> setenv bootargs root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
4302
4303	=> printenv bootargs
4304	bootargs=root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
4305
4306	=> bootm 40020000
4307	## Booting Linux kernel at 40020000 ...
4308	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for NFS on TQM850L
4309	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4310	   Data Size:	 381681 Bytes = 372 kB = 0 MB
4311	   Load Address: 00000000
4312	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
4313	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4314	   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
4315	Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:35:17 MEST 2000
4316	Boot arguments: root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
4317	time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
4318	Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
4319	Memory: 15208k available (700k kernel code, 444k data, 32k init) [c0000000,c1000000]
4320	...
4321
4322If you want to boot a Linux kernel with initial RAM disk, you pass
4323the memory addresses of both the kernel and the initrd image (PPBCOOT
4324format!) to the "bootm" command:
4325
4326	=> imi 40100000 40200000
4327
4328	## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
4329	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
4330	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4331	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
4332	   Load Address: 00000000
4333	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
4334	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4335
4336	## Checking Image at 40200000 ...
4337	   Image Name:	 Simple Ramdisk Image
4338	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
4339	   Data Size:	 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
4340	   Load Address: 00000000
4341	   Entry Point:	 00000000
4342	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4343
4344	=> bootm 40100000 40200000
4345	## Booting Linux kernel at 40100000 ...
4346	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
4347	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4348	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
4349	   Load Address: 00000000
4350	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
4351	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4352	   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
4353	## Loading RAMDisk Image at 40200000 ...
4354	   Image Name:	 Simple Ramdisk Image
4355	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
4356	   Data Size:	 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
4357	   Load Address: 00000000
4358	   Entry Point:	 00000000
4359	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4360	   Loading Ramdisk ... OK
4361	Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:32:08 MEST 2000
4362	Boot arguments: root=/dev/ram
4363	time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
4364	Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
4365	...
4366	RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
4367	VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
4368
4369	bash#
4370
4371Boot Linux and pass a flat device tree:
4372-----------
4373
4374First, U-Boot must be compiled with the appropriate defines. See the section
4375titled "Linux Kernel Interface" above for a more in depth explanation. The
4376following is an example of how to start a kernel and pass an updated
4377flat device tree:
4378
4379=> print oftaddr
4380oftaddr=0x300000
4381=> print oft
4382oft=oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb
4383=> tftp $oftaddr $oft
4384Speed: 1000, full duplex
4385Using TSEC0 device
4386TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.101
4387Filename 'oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb'.
4388Load address: 0x300000
4389Loading: #
4390done
4391Bytes transferred = 4106 (100a hex)
4392=> tftp $loadaddr $bootfile
4393Speed: 1000, full duplex
4394Using TSEC0 device
4395TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.2
4396Filename 'uImage'.
4397Load address: 0x200000
4398Loading:############
4399done
4400Bytes transferred = 1029407 (fb51f hex)
4401=> print loadaddr
4402loadaddr=200000
4403=> print oftaddr
4404oftaddr=0x300000
4405=> bootm $loadaddr - $oftaddr
4406## Booting image at 00200000 ...
4407   Image Name:	 Linux-2.6.17-dirty
4408   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
4409   Data Size:	 1029343 Bytes = 1005.2 kB
4410   Load Address: 00000000
4411   Entry Point:	 00000000
4412   Verifying Checksum ... OK
4413   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
4414Booting using flat device tree at 0x300000
4415Using MPC85xx ADS machine description
4416Memory CAM mapping: CAM0=256Mb, CAM1=256Mb, CAM2=0Mb residual: 0Mb
4417[snip]
4418
4419
4420More About U-Boot Image Types:
4421------------------------------
4422
4423U-Boot supports the following image types:
4424
4425   "Standalone Programs" are directly runnable in the environment
4426	provided by U-Boot; it is expected that (if they behave
4427	well) you can continue to work in U-Boot after return from
4428	the Standalone Program.
4429   "OS Kernel Images" are usually images of some Embedded OS which
4430	will take over control completely. Usually these programs
4431	will install their own set of exception handlers, device
4432	drivers, set up the MMU, etc. - this means, that you cannot
4433	expect to re-enter U-Boot except by resetting the CPU.
4434   "RAMDisk Images" are more or less just data blocks, and their
4435	parameters (address, size) are passed to an OS kernel that is
4436	being started.
4437   "Multi-File Images" contain several images, typically an OS
4438	(Linux) kernel image and one or more data images like
4439	RAMDisks. This construct is useful for instance when you want
4440	to boot over the network using BOOTP etc., where the boot
4441	server provides just a single image file, but you want to get
4442	for instance an OS kernel and a RAMDisk image.
4443
4444	"Multi-File Images" start with a list of image sizes, each
4445	image size (in bytes) specified by an "uint32_t" in network
4446	byte order. This list is terminated by an "(uint32_t)0".
4447	Immediately after the terminating 0 follow the images, one by
4448	one, all aligned on "uint32_t" boundaries (size rounded up to
4449	a multiple of 4 bytes).
4450
4451   "Firmware Images" are binary images containing firmware (like
4452	U-Boot or FPGA images) which usually will be programmed to
4453	flash memory.
4454
4455   "Script files" are command sequences that will be executed by
4456	U-Boot's command interpreter; this feature is especially
4457	useful when you configure U-Boot to use a real shell (hush)
4458	as command interpreter.
4459
4460Booting the Linux zImage:
4461-------------------------
4462
4463On some platforms, it's possible to boot Linux zImage. This is done
4464using the "bootz" command. The syntax of "bootz" command is the same
4465as the syntax of "bootm" command.
4466
4467Note, defining the CONFIG_SUPPORT_RAW_INITRD allows user to supply
4468kernel with raw initrd images. The syntax is slightly different, the
4469address of the initrd must be augmented by it's size, in the following
4470format: "<initrd addres>:<initrd size>".
4471
4472
4473Standalone HOWTO:
4474=================
4475
4476One of the features of U-Boot is that you can dynamically load and
4477run "standalone" applications, which can use some resources of
4478U-Boot like console I/O functions or interrupt services.
4479
4480Two simple examples are included with the sources:
4481
4482"Hello World" Demo:
4483-------------------
4484
4485'examples/hello_world.c' contains a small "Hello World" Demo
4486application; it is automatically compiled when you build U-Boot.
4487It's configured to run at address 0x00040004, so you can play with it
4488like that:
4489
4490	=> loads
4491	## Ready for S-Record download ...
4492	~>examples/hello_world.srec
4493	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
4494	[file transfer complete]
4495	[connected]
4496	## Start Addr = 0x00040004
4497
4498	=> go 40004 Hello World! This is a test.
4499	## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
4500	Hello World
4501	argc = 7
4502	argv[0] = "40004"
4503	argv[1] = "Hello"
4504	argv[2] = "World!"
4505	argv[3] = "This"
4506	argv[4] = "is"
4507	argv[5] = "a"
4508	argv[6] = "test."
4509	argv[7] = "<NULL>"
4510	Hit any key to exit ...
4511
4512	## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
4513
4514Another example, which demonstrates how to register a CPM interrupt
4515handler with the U-Boot code, can be found in 'examples/timer.c'.
4516Here, a CPM timer is set up to generate an interrupt every second.
4517The interrupt service routine is trivial, just printing a '.'
4518character, but this is just a demo program. The application can be
4519controlled by the following keys:
4520
4521	? - print current values og the CPM Timer registers
4522	b - enable interrupts and start timer
4523	e - stop timer and disable interrupts
4524	q - quit application
4525
4526	=> loads
4527	## Ready for S-Record download ...
4528	~>examples/timer.srec
4529	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
4530	[file transfer complete]
4531	[connected]
4532	## Start Addr = 0x00040004
4533
4534	=> go 40004
4535	## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
4536	TIMERS=0xfff00980
4537	Using timer 1
4538	  tgcr @ 0xfff00980, tmr @ 0xfff00990, trr @ 0xfff00994, tcr @ 0xfff00998, tcn @ 0xfff0099c, ter @ 0xfff009b0
4539
4540Hit 'b':
4541	[q, b, e, ?] Set interval 1000000 us
4542	Enabling timer
4543Hit '?':
4544	[q, b, e, ?] ........
4545	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0xef6, ter=0x0
4546Hit '?':
4547	[q, b, e, ?] .
4548	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x2ad4, ter=0x0
4549Hit '?':
4550	[q, b, e, ?] .
4551	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x1efc, ter=0x0
4552Hit '?':
4553	[q, b, e, ?] .
4554	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x169d, ter=0x0
4555Hit 'e':
4556	[q, b, e, ?] ...Stopping timer
4557Hit 'q':
4558	[q, b, e, ?] ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
4559
4560
4561Minicom warning:
4562================
4563
4564Over time, many people have reported problems when trying to use the
4565"minicom" terminal emulation program for serial download. I (wd)
4566consider minicom to be broken, and recommend not to use it. Under
4567Unix, I recommend to use C-Kermit for general purpose use (and
4568especially for kermit binary protocol download ("loadb" command), and
4569use "cu" for S-Record download ("loads" command).  See
4570http://www.denx.de/wiki/view/DULG/SystemSetup#Section_4.3.
4571for help with kermit.
4572
4573
4574Nevertheless, if you absolutely want to use it try adding this
4575configuration to your "File transfer protocols" section:
4576
4577	   Name	   Program			Name U/D FullScr IO-Red. Multi
4578	X  kermit  /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -s	 Y    U	   Y	   N	  N
4579	Y  kermit  /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -r	 N    D	   Y	   N	  N
4580
4581
4582NetBSD Notes:
4583=============
4584
4585Starting at version 0.9.2, U-Boot supports NetBSD both as host
4586(build U-Boot) and target system (boots NetBSD/mpc8xx).
4587
4588Building requires a cross environment; it is known to work on
4589NetBSD/i386 with the cross-powerpc-netbsd-1.3 package (you will also
4590need gmake since the Makefiles are not compatible with BSD make).
4591Note that the cross-powerpc package does not install include files;
4592attempting to build U-Boot will fail because <machine/ansi.h> is
4593missing.  This file has to be installed and patched manually:
4594
4595	# cd /usr/pkg/cross/powerpc-netbsd/include
4596	# mkdir powerpc
4597	# ln -s powerpc machine
4598	# cp /usr/src/sys/arch/powerpc/include/ansi.h powerpc/ansi.h
4599	# ${EDIT} powerpc/ansi.h	## must remove __va_list, _BSD_VA_LIST
4600
4601Native builds *don't* work due to incompatibilities between native
4602and U-Boot include files.
4603
4604Booting assumes that (the first part of) the image booted is a
4605stage-2 loader which in turn loads and then invokes the kernel
4606proper. Loader sources will eventually appear in the NetBSD source
4607tree (probably in sys/arc/mpc8xx/stand/u-boot_stage2/); in the
4608meantime, see ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/ppcboot_stage2.tar.gz
4609
4610
4611Implementation Internals:
4612=========================
4613
4614The following is not intended to be a complete description of every
4615implementation detail. However, it should help to understand the
4616inner workings of U-Boot and make it easier to port it to custom
4617hardware.
4618
4619
4620Initial Stack, Global Data:
4621---------------------------
4622
4623The implementation of U-Boot is complicated by the fact that U-Boot
4624starts running out of ROM (flash memory), usually without access to
4625system RAM (because the memory controller is not initialized yet).
4626This means that we don't have writable Data or BSS segments, and BSS
4627is not initialized as zero. To be able to get a C environment working
4628at all, we have to allocate at least a minimal stack. Implementation
4629options for this are defined and restricted by the CPU used: Some CPU
4630models provide on-chip memory (like the IMMR area on MPC8xx and
4631MPC826x processors), on others (parts of) the data cache can be
4632locked as (mis-) used as memory, etc.
4633
4634	Chris Hallinan posted a good summary of these issues to the
4635	U-Boot mailing list:
4636
4637	Subject: RE: [U-Boot-Users] RE: More On Memory Bank x (nothingness)?
4638	From: "Chris Hallinan" <clh@net1plus.com>
4639	Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2003 16:43:46 -0500 (22:43 MET)
4640	...
4641
4642	Correct me if I'm wrong, folks, but the way I understand it
4643	is this: Using DCACHE as initial RAM for Stack, etc, does not
4644	require any physical RAM backing up the cache. The cleverness
4645	is that the cache is being used as a temporary supply of
4646	necessary storage before the SDRAM controller is setup. It's
4647	beyond the scope of this list to explain the details, but you
4648	can see how this works by studying the cache architecture and
4649	operation in the architecture and processor-specific manuals.
4650
4651	OCM is On Chip Memory, which I believe the 405GP has 4K. It
4652	is another option for the system designer to use as an
4653	initial stack/RAM area prior to SDRAM being available. Either
4654	option should work for you. Using CS 4 should be fine if your
4655	board designers haven't used it for something that would
4656	cause you grief during the initial boot! It is frequently not
4657	used.
4658
4659	CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR should be somewhere that won't interfere
4660	with your processor/board/system design. The default value
4661	you will find in any recent u-boot distribution in
4662	walnut.h should work for you. I'd set it to a value larger
4663	than your SDRAM module. If you have a 64MB SDRAM module, set
4664	it above 400_0000. Just make sure your board has no resources
4665	that are supposed to respond to that address! That code in
4666	start.S has been around a while and should work as is when
4667	you get the config right.
4668
4669	-Chris Hallinan
4670	DS4.COM, Inc.
4671
4672It is essential to remember this, since it has some impact on the C
4673code for the initialization procedures:
4674
4675* Initialized global data (data segment) is read-only. Do not attempt
4676  to write it.
4677
4678* Do not use any uninitialized global data (or implicitly initialized
4679  as zero data - BSS segment) at all - this is undefined, initiali-
4680  zation is performed later (when relocating to RAM).
4681
4682* Stack space is very limited. Avoid big data buffers or things like
4683  that.
4684
4685Having only the stack as writable memory limits means we cannot use
4686normal global data to share information between the code. But it
4687turned out that the implementation of U-Boot can be greatly
4688simplified by making a global data structure (gd_t) available to all
4689functions. We could pass a pointer to this data as argument to _all_
4690functions, but this would bloat the code. Instead we use a feature of
4691the GCC compiler (Global Register Variables) to share the data: we
4692place a pointer (gd) to the global data into a register which we
4693reserve for this purpose.
4694
4695When choosing a register for such a purpose we are restricted by the
4696relevant  (E)ABI  specifications for the current architecture, and by
4697GCC's implementation.
4698
4699For PowerPC, the following registers have specific use:
4700	R1:	stack pointer
4701	R2:	reserved for system use
4702	R3-R4:	parameter passing and return values
4703	R5-R10: parameter passing
4704	R13:	small data area pointer
4705	R30:	GOT pointer
4706	R31:	frame pointer
4707
4708	(U-Boot also uses R12 as internal GOT pointer. r12
4709	is a volatile register so r12 needs to be reset when
4710	going back and forth between asm and C)
4711
4712    ==> U-Boot will use R2 to hold a pointer to the global data
4713
4714    Note: on PPC, we could use a static initializer (since the
4715    address of the global data structure is known at compile time),
4716    but it turned out that reserving a register results in somewhat
4717    smaller code - although the code savings are not that big (on
4718    average for all boards 752 bytes for the whole U-Boot image,
4719    624 text + 127 data).
4720
4721On ARM, the following registers are used:
4722
4723	R0:	function argument word/integer result
4724	R1-R3:	function argument word
4725	R9:	platform specific
4726	R10:	stack limit (used only if stack checking is enabled)
4727	R11:	argument (frame) pointer
4728	R12:	temporary workspace
4729	R13:	stack pointer
4730	R14:	link register
4731	R15:	program counter
4732
4733    ==> U-Boot will use R9 to hold a pointer to the global data
4734
4735    Note: on ARM, only R_ARM_RELATIVE relocations are supported.
4736
4737On Nios II, the ABI is documented here:
4738	http://www.altera.com/literature/hb/nios2/n2cpu_nii51016.pdf
4739
4740    ==> U-Boot will use gp to hold a pointer to the global data
4741
4742    Note: on Nios II, we give "-G0" option to gcc and don't use gp
4743    to access small data sections, so gp is free.
4744
4745On NDS32, the following registers are used:
4746
4747	R0-R1:	argument/return
4748	R2-R5:	argument
4749	R15:	temporary register for assembler
4750	R16:	trampoline register
4751	R28:	frame pointer (FP)
4752	R29:	global pointer (GP)
4753	R30:	link register (LP)
4754	R31:	stack pointer (SP)
4755	PC:	program counter (PC)
4756
4757    ==> U-Boot will use R10 to hold a pointer to the global data
4758
4759NOTE: DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR must be used with file-global scope,
4760or current versions of GCC may "optimize" the code too much.
4761
4762On RISC-V, the following registers are used:
4763
4764	x0: hard-wired zero (zero)
4765	x1: return address (ra)
4766	x2:	stack pointer (sp)
4767	x3:	global pointer (gp)
4768	x4:	thread pointer (tp)
4769	x5:	link register (t0)
4770	x8:	frame pointer (fp)
4771	x10-x11:	arguments/return values (a0-1)
4772	x12-x17:	arguments (a2-7)
4773	x28-31:	 temporaries (t3-6)
4774	pc:	program counter (pc)
4775
4776    ==> U-Boot will use gp to hold a pointer to the global data
4777
4778Memory Management:
4779------------------
4780
4781U-Boot runs in system state and uses physical addresses, i.e. the
4782MMU is not used either for address mapping nor for memory protection.
4783
4784The available memory is mapped to fixed addresses using the memory
4785controller. In this process, a contiguous block is formed for each
4786memory type (Flash, SDRAM, SRAM), even when it consists of several
4787physical memory banks.
4788
4789U-Boot is installed in the first 128 kB of the first Flash bank (on
4790TQM8xxL modules this is the range 0x40000000 ... 0x4001FFFF). After
4791booting and sizing and initializing DRAM, the code relocates itself
4792to the upper end of DRAM. Immediately below the U-Boot code some
4793memory is reserved for use by malloc() [see CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN
4794configuration setting]. Below that, a structure with global Board
4795Info data is placed, followed by the stack (growing downward).
4796
4797Additionally, some exception handler code is copied to the low 8 kB
4798of DRAM (0x00000000 ... 0x00001FFF).
4799
4800So a typical memory configuration with 16 MB of DRAM could look like
4801this:
4802
4803	0x0000 0000	Exception Vector code
4804	      :
4805	0x0000 1FFF
4806	0x0000 2000	Free for Application Use
4807	      :
4808	      :
4809
4810	      :
4811	      :
4812	0x00FB FF20	Monitor Stack (Growing downward)
4813	0x00FB FFAC	Board Info Data and permanent copy of global data
4814	0x00FC 0000	Malloc Arena
4815	      :
4816	0x00FD FFFF
4817	0x00FE 0000	RAM Copy of Monitor Code
4818	...		eventually: LCD or video framebuffer
4819	...		eventually: pRAM (Protected RAM - unchanged by reset)
4820	0x00FF FFFF	[End of RAM]
4821
4822
4823System Initialization:
4824----------------------
4825
4826In the reset configuration, U-Boot starts at the reset entry point
4827(on most PowerPC systems at address 0x00000100). Because of the reset
4828configuration for CS0# this is a mirror of the on board Flash memory.
4829To be able to re-map memory U-Boot then jumps to its link address.
4830To be able to implement the initialization code in C, a (small!)
4831initial stack is set up in the internal Dual Ported RAM (in case CPUs
4832which provide such a feature like), or in a locked part of the data
4833cache. After that, U-Boot initializes the CPU core, the caches and
4834the SIU.
4835
4836Next, all (potentially) available memory banks are mapped using a
4837preliminary mapping. For example, we put them on 512 MB boundaries
4838(multiples of 0x20000000: SDRAM on 0x00000000 and 0x20000000, Flash
4839on 0x40000000 and 0x60000000, SRAM on 0x80000000). Then UPM A is
4840programmed for SDRAM access. Using the temporary configuration, a
4841simple memory test is run that determines the size of the SDRAM
4842banks.
4843
4844When there is more than one SDRAM bank, and the banks are of
4845different size, the largest is mapped first. For equal size, the first
4846bank (CS2#) is mapped first. The first mapping is always for address
48470x00000000, with any additional banks following immediately to create
4848contiguous memory starting from 0.
4849
4850Then, the monitor installs itself at the upper end of the SDRAM area
4851and allocates memory for use by malloc() and for the global Board
4852Info data; also, the exception vector code is copied to the low RAM
4853pages, and the final stack is set up.
4854
4855Only after this relocation will you have a "normal" C environment;
4856until that you are restricted in several ways, mostly because you are
4857running from ROM, and because the code will have to be relocated to a
4858new address in RAM.
4859
4860
4861U-Boot Porting Guide:
4862----------------------
4863
4864[Based on messages by Jerry Van Baren in the U-Boot-Users mailing
4865list, October 2002]
4866
4867
4868int main(int argc, char *argv[])
4869{
4870	sighandler_t no_more_time;
4871
4872	signal(SIGALRM, no_more_time);
4873	alarm(PROJECT_DEADLINE - toSec (3 * WEEK));
4874
4875	if (available_money > available_manpower) {
4876		Pay consultant to port U-Boot;
4877		return 0;
4878	}
4879
4880	Download latest U-Boot source;
4881
4882	Subscribe to u-boot mailing list;
4883
4884	if (clueless)
4885		email("Hi, I am new to U-Boot, how do I get started?");
4886
4887	while (learning) {
4888		Read the README file in the top level directory;
4889		Read http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/Manual;
4890		Read applicable doc/*.README;
4891		Read the source, Luke;
4892		/* find . -name "*.[chS]" | xargs grep -i <keyword> */
4893	}
4894
4895	if (available_money > toLocalCurrency ($2500))
4896		Buy a BDI3000;
4897	else
4898		Add a lot of aggravation and time;
4899
4900	if (a similar board exists) {	/* hopefully... */
4901		cp -a board/<similar> board/<myboard>
4902		cp include/configs/<similar>.h include/configs/<myboard>.h
4903	} else {
4904		Create your own board support subdirectory;
4905		Create your own board include/configs/<myboard>.h file;
4906	}
4907	Edit new board/<myboard> files
4908	Edit new include/configs/<myboard>.h
4909
4910	while (!accepted) {
4911		while (!running) {
4912			do {
4913				Add / modify source code;
4914			} until (compiles);
4915			Debug;
4916			if (clueless)
4917				email("Hi, I am having problems...");
4918		}
4919		Send patch file to the U-Boot email list;
4920		if (reasonable critiques)
4921			Incorporate improvements from email list code review;
4922		else
4923			Defend code as written;
4924	}
4925
4926	return 0;
4927}
4928
4929void no_more_time (int sig)
4930{
4931      hire_a_guru();
4932}
4933
4934
4935Coding Standards:
4936-----------------
4937
4938All contributions to U-Boot should conform to the Linux kernel
4939coding style; see the kernel coding style guide at
4940https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/process/coding-style.html, and the
4941script "scripts/Lindent" in your Linux kernel source directory.
4942
4943Source files originating from a different project (for example the
4944MTD subsystem) are generally exempt from these guidelines and are not
4945reformatted to ease subsequent migration to newer versions of those
4946sources.
4947
4948Please note that U-Boot is implemented in C (and to some small parts in
4949Assembler); no C++ is used, so please do not use C++ style comments (//)
4950in your code.
4951
4952Please also stick to the following formatting rules:
4953- remove any trailing white space
4954- use TAB characters for indentation and vertical alignment, not spaces
4955- make sure NOT to use DOS '\r\n' line feeds
4956- do not add more than 2 consecutive empty lines to source files
4957- do not add trailing empty lines to source files
4958
4959Submissions which do not conform to the standards may be returned
4960with a request to reformat the changes.
4961
4962
4963Submitting Patches:
4964-------------------
4965
4966Since the number of patches for U-Boot is growing, we need to
4967establish some rules. Submissions which do not conform to these rules
4968may be rejected, even when they contain important and valuable stuff.
4969
4970Please see http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot/Patches for details.
4971
4972Patches shall be sent to the u-boot mailing list <u-boot@lists.denx.de>;
4973see https://lists.denx.de/listinfo/u-boot
4974
4975When you send a patch, please include the following information with
4976it:
4977
4978* For bug fixes: a description of the bug and how your patch fixes
4979  this bug. Please try to include a way of demonstrating that the
4980  patch actually fixes something.
4981
4982* For new features: a description of the feature and your
4983  implementation.
4984
4985* A CHANGELOG entry as plaintext (separate from the patch)
4986
4987* For major contributions, add a MAINTAINERS file with your
4988  information and associated file and directory references.
4989
4990* When you add support for a new board, don't forget to add a
4991  maintainer e-mail address to the boards.cfg file, too.
4992
4993* If your patch adds new configuration options, don't forget to
4994  document these in the README file.
4995
4996* The patch itself. If you are using git (which is *strongly*
4997  recommended) you can easily generate the patch using the
4998  "git format-patch". If you then use "git send-email" to send it to
4999  the U-Boot mailing list, you will avoid most of the common problems
5000  with some other mail clients.
5001
5002  If you cannot use git, use "diff -purN OLD NEW". If your version of
5003  diff does not support these options, then get the latest version of
5004  GNU diff.
5005
5006  The current directory when running this command shall be the parent
5007  directory of the U-Boot source tree (i. e. please make sure that
5008  your patch includes sufficient directory information for the
5009  affected files).
5010
5011  We prefer patches as plain text. MIME attachments are discouraged,
5012  and compressed attachments must not be used.
5013
5014* If one logical set of modifications affects or creates several
5015  files, all these changes shall be submitted in a SINGLE patch file.
5016
5017* Changesets that contain different, unrelated modifications shall be
5018  submitted as SEPARATE patches, one patch per changeset.
5019
5020
5021Notes:
5022
5023* Before sending the patch, run the buildman script on your patched
5024  source tree and make sure that no errors or warnings are reported
5025  for any of the boards.
5026
5027* Keep your modifications to the necessary minimum: A patch
5028  containing several unrelated changes or arbitrary reformats will be
5029  returned with a request to re-formatting / split it.
5030
5031* If you modify existing code, make sure that your new code does not
5032  add to the memory footprint of the code ;-) Small is beautiful!
5033  When adding new features, these should compile conditionally only
5034  (using #ifdef), and the resulting code with the new feature
5035  disabled must not need more memory than the old code without your
5036  modification.
5037
5038* Remember that there is a size limit of 100 kB per message on the
5039  u-boot mailing list. Bigger patches will be moderated. If they are
5040  reasonable and not too big, they will be acknowledged. But patches
5041  bigger than the size limit should be avoided.
5042