1 /* 2 * QEMU PC System Emulator 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard 5 * 6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy 7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal 8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights 9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell 10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is 11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: 12 * 13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in 14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. 15 * 16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR 17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, 18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL 19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER 20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, 21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN 22 * THE SOFTWARE. 23 */ 24 25 #include "qemu/osdep.h" 26 #include "qemu-common.h" 27 #include "cpu.h" 28 #include "hw/hw.h" 29 #include "hw/nvram/fw_cfg.h" 30 #include "multiboot.h" 31 #include "hw/loader.h" 32 #include "elf.h" 33 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h" 34 35 /* Show multiboot debug output */ 36 //#define DEBUG_MULTIBOOT 37 38 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT 39 #define mb_debug(a...) fprintf(stderr, ## a) 40 #else 41 #define mb_debug(a...) 42 #endif 43 44 #define MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR 0x9000 45 46 #if MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR > 0xf0000 47 #error multiboot struct needs to fit in 16 bit real mode 48 #endif 49 50 enum { 51 /* Multiboot info */ 52 MBI_FLAGS = 0, 53 MBI_MEM_LOWER = 4, 54 MBI_MEM_UPPER = 8, 55 MBI_BOOT_DEVICE = 12, 56 MBI_CMDLINE = 16, 57 MBI_MODS_COUNT = 20, 58 MBI_MODS_ADDR = 24, 59 MBI_MMAP_ADDR = 48, 60 MBI_BOOTLOADER = 64, 61 62 MBI_SIZE = 88, 63 64 /* Multiboot modules */ 65 MB_MOD_START = 0, 66 MB_MOD_END = 4, 67 MB_MOD_CMDLINE = 8, 68 69 MB_MOD_SIZE = 16, 70 71 /* Region offsets */ 72 ADDR_E820_MAP = MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR + 0, 73 ADDR_MBI = ADDR_E820_MAP + 0x500, 74 75 /* Multiboot flags */ 76 MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MEMORY = 1 << 0, 77 MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_BOOT_DEVICE = 1 << 1, 78 MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_CMDLINE = 1 << 2, 79 MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MODULES = 1 << 3, 80 MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MMAP = 1 << 6, 81 MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_BOOTLOADER = 1 << 9, 82 }; 83 84 typedef struct { 85 /* buffer holding kernel, cmdlines and mb_infos */ 86 void *mb_buf; 87 /* address in target */ 88 hwaddr mb_buf_phys; 89 /* size of mb_buf in bytes */ 90 unsigned mb_buf_size; 91 /* offset of mb-info's in bytes */ 92 hwaddr offset_mbinfo; 93 /* offset in buffer for cmdlines in bytes */ 94 hwaddr offset_cmdlines; 95 /* offset in buffer for bootloader name in bytes */ 96 hwaddr offset_bootloader; 97 /* offset of modules in bytes */ 98 hwaddr offset_mods; 99 /* available slots for mb modules infos */ 100 int mb_mods_avail; 101 /* currently used slots of mb modules */ 102 int mb_mods_count; 103 } MultibootState; 104 105 const char *bootloader_name = "qemu"; 106 107 static uint32_t mb_add_cmdline(MultibootState *s, const char *cmdline) 108 { 109 hwaddr p = s->offset_cmdlines; 110 char *b = (char *)s->mb_buf + p; 111 112 memcpy(b, cmdline, strlen(cmdline) + 1); 113 s->offset_cmdlines += strlen(b) + 1; 114 return s->mb_buf_phys + p; 115 } 116 117 static uint32_t mb_add_bootloader(MultibootState *s, const char *bootloader) 118 { 119 hwaddr p = s->offset_bootloader; 120 char *b = (char *)s->mb_buf + p; 121 122 memcpy(b, bootloader, strlen(bootloader) + 1); 123 s->offset_bootloader += strlen(b) + 1; 124 return s->mb_buf_phys + p; 125 } 126 127 static void mb_add_mod(MultibootState *s, 128 hwaddr start, hwaddr end, 129 hwaddr cmdline_phys) 130 { 131 char *p; 132 assert(s->mb_mods_count < s->mb_mods_avail); 133 134 p = (char *)s->mb_buf + s->offset_mbinfo + MB_MOD_SIZE * s->mb_mods_count; 135 136 stl_p(p + MB_MOD_START, start); 137 stl_p(p + MB_MOD_END, end); 138 stl_p(p + MB_MOD_CMDLINE, cmdline_phys); 139 140 mb_debug("mod%02d: "TARGET_FMT_plx" - "TARGET_FMT_plx"\n", 141 s->mb_mods_count, start, end); 142 143 s->mb_mods_count++; 144 } 145 146 int load_multiboot(FWCfgState *fw_cfg, 147 FILE *f, 148 const char *kernel_filename, 149 const char *initrd_filename, 150 const char *kernel_cmdline, 151 int kernel_file_size, 152 uint8_t *header) 153 { 154 int i, is_multiboot = 0; 155 uint32_t flags = 0; 156 uint32_t mh_entry_addr; 157 uint32_t mh_load_addr; 158 uint32_t mb_kernel_size; 159 MultibootState mbs; 160 uint8_t bootinfo[MBI_SIZE]; 161 uint8_t *mb_bootinfo_data; 162 uint32_t cmdline_len; 163 164 /* Ok, let's see if it is a multiboot image. 165 The header is 12x32bit long, so the latest entry may be 8192 - 48. */ 166 for (i = 0; i < (8192 - 48); i += 4) { 167 if (ldl_p(header+i) == 0x1BADB002) { 168 uint32_t checksum = ldl_p(header+i+8); 169 flags = ldl_p(header+i+4); 170 checksum += flags; 171 checksum += (uint32_t)0x1BADB002; 172 if (!checksum) { 173 is_multiboot = 1; 174 break; 175 } 176 } 177 } 178 179 if (!is_multiboot) 180 return 0; /* no multiboot */ 181 182 mb_debug("qemu: I believe we found a multiboot image!\n"); 183 memset(bootinfo, 0, sizeof(bootinfo)); 184 memset(&mbs, 0, sizeof(mbs)); 185 186 if (flags & 0x00000004) { /* MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_VBE */ 187 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: multiboot knows VBE. we don't.\n"); 188 } 189 if (!(flags & 0x00010000)) { /* MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_ADDR */ 190 uint64_t elf_entry; 191 uint64_t elf_low, elf_high; 192 int kernel_size; 193 fclose(f); 194 195 if (((struct elf64_hdr*)header)->e_machine == EM_X86_64) { 196 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot load x86-64 image, give a 32bit one.\n"); 197 exit(1); 198 } 199 200 kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, &elf_entry, 201 &elf_low, &elf_high, 0, I386_ELF_MACHINE, 202 0, 0); 203 if (kernel_size < 0) { 204 fprintf(stderr, "Error while loading elf kernel\n"); 205 exit(1); 206 } 207 mh_load_addr = elf_low; 208 mb_kernel_size = elf_high - elf_low; 209 mh_entry_addr = elf_entry; 210 211 mbs.mb_buf = g_malloc(mb_kernel_size); 212 if (rom_copy(mbs.mb_buf, mh_load_addr, mb_kernel_size) != mb_kernel_size) { 213 fprintf(stderr, "Error while fetching elf kernel from rom\n"); 214 exit(1); 215 } 216 217 mb_debug("qemu: loading multiboot-elf kernel (%#x bytes) with entry %#zx\n", 218 mb_kernel_size, (size_t)mh_entry_addr); 219 } else { 220 /* Valid if mh_flags sets MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_ADDR. */ 221 uint32_t mh_header_addr = ldl_p(header+i+12); 222 uint32_t mh_load_end_addr = ldl_p(header+i+20); 223 uint32_t mh_bss_end_addr = ldl_p(header+i+24); 224 225 mh_load_addr = ldl_p(header+i+16); 226 if (mh_header_addr < mh_load_addr) { 227 fprintf(stderr, "invalid mh_load_addr address\n"); 228 exit(1); 229 } 230 231 uint32_t mb_kernel_text_offset = i - (mh_header_addr - mh_load_addr); 232 uint32_t mb_load_size = 0; 233 mh_entry_addr = ldl_p(header+i+28); 234 235 if (mh_load_end_addr) { 236 if (mh_bss_end_addr < mh_load_addr) { 237 fprintf(stderr, "invalid mh_bss_end_addr address\n"); 238 exit(1); 239 } 240 mb_kernel_size = mh_bss_end_addr - mh_load_addr; 241 242 if (mh_load_end_addr < mh_load_addr) { 243 fprintf(stderr, "invalid mh_load_end_addr address\n"); 244 exit(1); 245 } 246 mb_load_size = mh_load_end_addr - mh_load_addr; 247 } else { 248 if (kernel_file_size < mb_kernel_text_offset) { 249 fprintf(stderr, "invalid kernel_file_size\n"); 250 exit(1); 251 } 252 mb_kernel_size = kernel_file_size - mb_kernel_text_offset; 253 mb_load_size = mb_kernel_size; 254 } 255 256 /* Valid if mh_flags sets MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_VBE. 257 uint32_t mh_mode_type = ldl_p(header+i+32); 258 uint32_t mh_width = ldl_p(header+i+36); 259 uint32_t mh_height = ldl_p(header+i+40); 260 uint32_t mh_depth = ldl_p(header+i+44); */ 261 262 mb_debug("multiboot: mh_header_addr = %#x\n", mh_header_addr); 263 mb_debug("multiboot: mh_load_addr = %#x\n", mh_load_addr); 264 mb_debug("multiboot: mh_load_end_addr = %#x\n", mh_load_end_addr); 265 mb_debug("multiboot: mh_bss_end_addr = %#x\n", mh_bss_end_addr); 266 mb_debug("qemu: loading multiboot kernel (%#x bytes) at %#x\n", 267 mb_load_size, mh_load_addr); 268 269 mbs.mb_buf = g_malloc(mb_kernel_size); 270 fseek(f, mb_kernel_text_offset, SEEK_SET); 271 if (fread(mbs.mb_buf, 1, mb_load_size, f) != mb_load_size) { 272 fprintf(stderr, "fread() failed\n"); 273 exit(1); 274 } 275 memset(mbs.mb_buf + mb_load_size, 0, mb_kernel_size - mb_load_size); 276 fclose(f); 277 } 278 279 mbs.mb_buf_phys = mh_load_addr; 280 281 mbs.mb_buf_size = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(mb_kernel_size); 282 mbs.offset_mbinfo = mbs.mb_buf_size; 283 284 /* Calculate space for cmdlines, bootloader name, and mb_mods */ 285 cmdline_len = strlen(kernel_filename) + 1; 286 cmdline_len += strlen(kernel_cmdline) + 1; 287 if (initrd_filename) { 288 const char *r = initrd_filename; 289 cmdline_len += strlen(r) + 1; 290 mbs.mb_mods_avail = 1; 291 while (*(r = get_opt_value(NULL, 0, r))) { 292 mbs.mb_mods_avail++; 293 r++; 294 } 295 } 296 297 mbs.mb_buf_size += cmdline_len; 298 mbs.mb_buf_size += MB_MOD_SIZE * mbs.mb_mods_avail; 299 mbs.mb_buf_size += strlen(bootloader_name) + 1; 300 301 mbs.mb_buf_size = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(mbs.mb_buf_size); 302 303 /* enlarge mb_buf to hold cmdlines, bootloader, mb-info structs */ 304 mbs.mb_buf = g_realloc(mbs.mb_buf, mbs.mb_buf_size); 305 mbs.offset_cmdlines = mbs.offset_mbinfo + mbs.mb_mods_avail * MB_MOD_SIZE; 306 mbs.offset_bootloader = mbs.offset_cmdlines + cmdline_len; 307 308 if (initrd_filename) { 309 const char *next_initrd; 310 char not_last, tmpbuf[strlen(initrd_filename) + 1]; 311 312 mbs.offset_mods = mbs.mb_buf_size; 313 314 do { 315 char *next_space; 316 int mb_mod_length; 317 uint32_t offs = mbs.mb_buf_size; 318 319 next_initrd = get_opt_value(tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf), initrd_filename); 320 not_last = *next_initrd; 321 /* if a space comes after the module filename, treat everything 322 after that as parameters */ 323 hwaddr c = mb_add_cmdline(&mbs, tmpbuf); 324 if ((next_space = strchr(tmpbuf, ' '))) 325 *next_space = '\0'; 326 mb_debug("multiboot loading module: %s\n", tmpbuf); 327 mb_mod_length = get_image_size(tmpbuf); 328 if (mb_mod_length < 0) { 329 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open file '%s'\n", tmpbuf); 330 exit(1); 331 } 332 333 mbs.mb_buf_size = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(mb_mod_length + mbs.mb_buf_size); 334 mbs.mb_buf = g_realloc(mbs.mb_buf, mbs.mb_buf_size); 335 336 load_image(tmpbuf, (unsigned char *)mbs.mb_buf + offs); 337 mb_add_mod(&mbs, mbs.mb_buf_phys + offs, 338 mbs.mb_buf_phys + offs + mb_mod_length, c); 339 340 mb_debug("mod_start: %p\nmod_end: %p\n cmdline: "TARGET_FMT_plx"\n", 341 (char *)mbs.mb_buf + offs, 342 (char *)mbs.mb_buf + offs + mb_mod_length, c); 343 initrd_filename = next_initrd+1; 344 } while (not_last); 345 } 346 347 /* Commandline support */ 348 char kcmdline[strlen(kernel_filename) + strlen(kernel_cmdline) + 2]; 349 snprintf(kcmdline, sizeof(kcmdline), "%s %s", 350 kernel_filename, kernel_cmdline); 351 stl_p(bootinfo + MBI_CMDLINE, mb_add_cmdline(&mbs, kcmdline)); 352 353 stl_p(bootinfo + MBI_BOOTLOADER, mb_add_bootloader(&mbs, bootloader_name)); 354 355 stl_p(bootinfo + MBI_MODS_ADDR, mbs.mb_buf_phys + mbs.offset_mbinfo); 356 stl_p(bootinfo + MBI_MODS_COUNT, mbs.mb_mods_count); /* mods_count */ 357 358 /* the kernel is where we want it to be now */ 359 stl_p(bootinfo + MBI_FLAGS, MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MEMORY 360 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_BOOT_DEVICE 361 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_CMDLINE 362 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MODULES 363 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MMAP 364 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_BOOTLOADER); 365 stl_p(bootinfo + MBI_BOOT_DEVICE, 0x8000ffff); /* XXX: use the -boot switch? */ 366 stl_p(bootinfo + MBI_MMAP_ADDR, ADDR_E820_MAP); 367 368 mb_debug("multiboot: mh_entry_addr = %#x\n", mh_entry_addr); 369 mb_debug(" mb_buf_phys = "TARGET_FMT_plx"\n", mbs.mb_buf_phys); 370 mb_debug(" mod_start = "TARGET_FMT_plx"\n", mbs.mb_buf_phys + mbs.offset_mods); 371 mb_debug(" mb_mods_count = %d\n", mbs.mb_mods_count); 372 373 /* save bootinfo off the stack */ 374 mb_bootinfo_data = g_memdup(bootinfo, sizeof(bootinfo)); 375 376 /* Pass variables to option rom */ 377 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_KERNEL_ENTRY, mh_entry_addr); 378 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_KERNEL_ADDR, mh_load_addr); 379 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_KERNEL_SIZE, mbs.mb_buf_size); 380 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_KERNEL_DATA, 381 mbs.mb_buf, mbs.mb_buf_size); 382 383 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_INITRD_ADDR, ADDR_MBI); 384 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_INITRD_SIZE, sizeof(bootinfo)); 385 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_INITRD_DATA, mb_bootinfo_data, 386 sizeof(bootinfo)); 387 388 option_rom[nb_option_roms].name = "multiboot.bin"; 389 option_rom[nb_option_roms].bootindex = 0; 390 nb_option_roms++; 391 392 return 1; /* yes, we are multiboot */ 393 } 394