xref: /openbmc/qemu/block/curl.c (revision 1b111dc1)
1 /*
2  * QEMU Block driver for CURL images
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2009 Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 #include "qemu-common.h"
25 #include "block/block_int.h"
26 #include <curl/curl.h>
27 
28 // #define DEBUG
29 // #define DEBUG_VERBOSE
30 
31 #ifdef DEBUG_CURL
32 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) do { printf(fmt, ## __VA_ARGS__); } while (0)
33 #else
34 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) do { } while (0)
35 #endif
36 
37 #define PROTOCOLS (CURLPROTO_HTTP | CURLPROTO_HTTPS | \
38                    CURLPROTO_FTP | CURLPROTO_FTPS | \
39                    CURLPROTO_TFTP)
40 
41 #define CURL_NUM_STATES 8
42 #define CURL_NUM_ACB    8
43 #define SECTOR_SIZE     512
44 #define READ_AHEAD_SIZE (256 * 1024)
45 
46 #define FIND_RET_NONE   0
47 #define FIND_RET_OK     1
48 #define FIND_RET_WAIT   2
49 
50 struct BDRVCURLState;
51 
52 typedef struct CURLAIOCB {
53     BlockDriverAIOCB common;
54     QEMUBH *bh;
55     QEMUIOVector *qiov;
56 
57     int64_t sector_num;
58     int nb_sectors;
59 
60     size_t start;
61     size_t end;
62 } CURLAIOCB;
63 
64 typedef struct CURLState
65 {
66     struct BDRVCURLState *s;
67     CURLAIOCB *acb[CURL_NUM_ACB];
68     CURL *curl;
69     char *orig_buf;
70     size_t buf_start;
71     size_t buf_off;
72     size_t buf_len;
73     char range[128];
74     char errmsg[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
75     char in_use;
76 } CURLState;
77 
78 typedef struct BDRVCURLState {
79     CURLM *multi;
80     size_t len;
81     CURLState states[CURL_NUM_STATES];
82     char *url;
83     size_t readahead_size;
84     bool accept_range;
85 } BDRVCURLState;
86 
87 static void curl_clean_state(CURLState *s);
88 static void curl_multi_do(void *arg);
89 
90 static int curl_sock_cb(CURL *curl, curl_socket_t fd, int action,
91                         void *s, void *sp)
92 {
93     DPRINTF("CURL (AIO): Sock action %d on fd %d\n", action, fd);
94     switch (action) {
95         case CURL_POLL_IN:
96             qemu_aio_set_fd_handler(fd, curl_multi_do, NULL, s);
97             break;
98         case CURL_POLL_OUT:
99             qemu_aio_set_fd_handler(fd, NULL, curl_multi_do, s);
100             break;
101         case CURL_POLL_INOUT:
102             qemu_aio_set_fd_handler(fd, curl_multi_do, curl_multi_do, s);
103             break;
104         case CURL_POLL_REMOVE:
105             qemu_aio_set_fd_handler(fd, NULL, NULL, NULL);
106             break;
107     }
108 
109     return 0;
110 }
111 
112 static size_t curl_header_cb(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *opaque)
113 {
114     BDRVCURLState *s = opaque;
115     size_t realsize = size * nmemb;
116     const char *accept_line = "Accept-Ranges: bytes";
117 
118     if (realsize >= strlen(accept_line)
119         && strncmp((char *)ptr, accept_line, strlen(accept_line)) == 0) {
120         s->accept_range = true;
121     }
122 
123     return realsize;
124 }
125 
126 static size_t curl_read_cb(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *opaque)
127 {
128     CURLState *s = ((CURLState*)opaque);
129     size_t realsize = size * nmemb;
130     int i;
131 
132     DPRINTF("CURL: Just reading %zd bytes\n", realsize);
133 
134     if (!s || !s->orig_buf)
135         goto read_end;
136 
137     memcpy(s->orig_buf + s->buf_off, ptr, realsize);
138     s->buf_off += realsize;
139 
140     for(i=0; i<CURL_NUM_ACB; i++) {
141         CURLAIOCB *acb = s->acb[i];
142 
143         if (!acb)
144             continue;
145 
146         if ((s->buf_off >= acb->end)) {
147             qemu_iovec_from_buf(acb->qiov, 0, s->orig_buf + acb->start,
148                                 acb->end - acb->start);
149             acb->common.cb(acb->common.opaque, 0);
150             qemu_aio_release(acb);
151             s->acb[i] = NULL;
152         }
153     }
154 
155 read_end:
156     return realsize;
157 }
158 
159 static int curl_find_buf(BDRVCURLState *s, size_t start, size_t len,
160                          CURLAIOCB *acb)
161 {
162     int i;
163     size_t end = start + len;
164 
165     for (i=0; i<CURL_NUM_STATES; i++) {
166         CURLState *state = &s->states[i];
167         size_t buf_end = (state->buf_start + state->buf_off);
168         size_t buf_fend = (state->buf_start + state->buf_len);
169 
170         if (!state->orig_buf)
171             continue;
172         if (!state->buf_off)
173             continue;
174 
175         // Does the existing buffer cover our section?
176         if ((start >= state->buf_start) &&
177             (start <= buf_end) &&
178             (end >= state->buf_start) &&
179             (end <= buf_end))
180         {
181             char *buf = state->orig_buf + (start - state->buf_start);
182 
183             qemu_iovec_from_buf(acb->qiov, 0, buf, len);
184             acb->common.cb(acb->common.opaque, 0);
185 
186             return FIND_RET_OK;
187         }
188 
189         // Wait for unfinished chunks
190         if ((start >= state->buf_start) &&
191             (start <= buf_fend) &&
192             (end >= state->buf_start) &&
193             (end <= buf_fend))
194         {
195             int j;
196 
197             acb->start = start - state->buf_start;
198             acb->end = acb->start + len;
199 
200             for (j=0; j<CURL_NUM_ACB; j++) {
201                 if (!state->acb[j]) {
202                     state->acb[j] = acb;
203                     return FIND_RET_WAIT;
204                 }
205             }
206         }
207     }
208 
209     return FIND_RET_NONE;
210 }
211 
212 static void curl_multi_do(void *arg)
213 {
214     BDRVCURLState *s = (BDRVCURLState *)arg;
215     int running;
216     int r;
217     int msgs_in_queue;
218 
219     if (!s->multi)
220         return;
221 
222     do {
223         r = curl_multi_socket_all(s->multi, &running);
224     } while(r == CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM);
225 
226     /* Try to find done transfers, so we can free the easy
227      * handle again. */
228     do {
229         CURLMsg *msg;
230         msg = curl_multi_info_read(s->multi, &msgs_in_queue);
231 
232         if (!msg)
233             break;
234         if (msg->msg == CURLMSG_NONE)
235             break;
236 
237         switch (msg->msg) {
238             case CURLMSG_DONE:
239             {
240                 CURLState *state = NULL;
241                 curl_easy_getinfo(msg->easy_handle, CURLINFO_PRIVATE, (char**)&state);
242 
243                 /* ACBs for successful messages get completed in curl_read_cb */
244                 if (msg->data.result != CURLE_OK) {
245                     int i;
246                     for (i = 0; i < CURL_NUM_ACB; i++) {
247                         CURLAIOCB *acb = state->acb[i];
248 
249                         if (acb == NULL) {
250                             continue;
251                         }
252 
253                         acb->common.cb(acb->common.opaque, -EIO);
254                         qemu_aio_release(acb);
255                         state->acb[i] = NULL;
256                     }
257                 }
258 
259                 curl_clean_state(state);
260                 break;
261             }
262             default:
263                 msgs_in_queue = 0;
264                 break;
265         }
266     } while(msgs_in_queue);
267 }
268 
269 static CURLState *curl_init_state(BDRVCURLState *s)
270 {
271     CURLState *state = NULL;
272     int i, j;
273 
274     do {
275         for (i=0; i<CURL_NUM_STATES; i++) {
276             for (j=0; j<CURL_NUM_ACB; j++)
277                 if (s->states[i].acb[j])
278                     continue;
279             if (s->states[i].in_use)
280                 continue;
281 
282             state = &s->states[i];
283             state->in_use = 1;
284             break;
285         }
286         if (!state) {
287             g_usleep(100);
288             curl_multi_do(s);
289         }
290     } while(!state);
291 
292     if (state->curl)
293         goto has_curl;
294 
295     state->curl = curl_easy_init();
296     if (!state->curl)
297         return NULL;
298     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_URL, s->url);
299     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 5);
300     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, (void *)curl_read_cb);
301     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, (void *)state);
302     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_PRIVATE, (void *)state);
303     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER, 1);
304     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
305     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL, 1);
306     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, state->errmsg);
307     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 1);
308 
309     /* Restrict supported protocols to avoid security issues in the more
310      * obscure protocols.  For example, do not allow POP3/SMTP/IMAP see
311      * CVE-2013-0249.
312      *
313      * Restricting protocols is only supported from 7.19.4 upwards.
314      */
315 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071304
316     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS, PROTOCOLS);
317     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS, PROTOCOLS);
318 #endif
319 
320 #ifdef DEBUG_VERBOSE
321     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1);
322 #endif
323 
324 has_curl:
325 
326     state->s = s;
327 
328     return state;
329 }
330 
331 static void curl_clean_state(CURLState *s)
332 {
333     if (s->s->multi)
334         curl_multi_remove_handle(s->s->multi, s->curl);
335     s->in_use = 0;
336 }
337 
338 static void curl_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
339                                 Error **errp)
340 {
341 
342     #define RA_OPTSTR ":readahead="
343     char *file;
344     char *ra;
345     const char *ra_val;
346     int parse_state = 0;
347 
348     file = g_strdup(filename);
349 
350     /* Parse a trailing ":readahead=#:" param, if present. */
351     ra = file + strlen(file) - 1;
352     while (ra >= file) {
353         if (parse_state == 0) {
354             if (*ra == ':') {
355                 parse_state++;
356             } else {
357                 break;
358             }
359         } else if (parse_state == 1) {
360             if (*ra > '9' || *ra < '0') {
361                 char *opt_start = ra - strlen(RA_OPTSTR) + 1;
362                 if (opt_start > file &&
363                     strncmp(opt_start, RA_OPTSTR, strlen(RA_OPTSTR)) == 0) {
364                     ra_val = ra + 1;
365                     ra -= strlen(RA_OPTSTR) - 1;
366                     *ra = '\0';
367                     qdict_put(options, "readahead", qstring_from_str(ra_val));
368                 }
369                 break;
370             }
371         }
372         ra--;
373     }
374 
375     qdict_put(options, "url", qstring_from_str(file));
376 
377     g_free(file);
378 }
379 
380 static QemuOptsList runtime_opts = {
381     .name = "curl",
382     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(runtime_opts.head),
383     .desc = {
384         {
385             .name = "url",
386             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
387             .help = "URL to open",
388         },
389         {
390             .name = "readahead",
391             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
392             .help = "Readahead size",
393         },
394         { /* end of list */ }
395     },
396 };
397 
398 static int curl_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
399                      Error **errp)
400 {
401     BDRVCURLState *s = bs->opaque;
402     CURLState *state = NULL;
403     QemuOpts *opts;
404     Error *local_err = NULL;
405     const char *file;
406     double d;
407 
408     static int inited = 0;
409 
410     if (flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) {
411         qerror_report(ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR,
412                       "curl block device does not support writes");
413         return -EROFS;
414     }
415 
416     opts = qemu_opts_create_nofail(&runtime_opts);
417     qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
418     if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
419         qerror_report_err(local_err);
420         error_free(local_err);
421         goto out_noclean;
422     }
423 
424     s->readahead_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, "readahead", READ_AHEAD_SIZE);
425     if ((s->readahead_size & 0x1ff) != 0) {
426         fprintf(stderr, "HTTP_READAHEAD_SIZE %zd is not a multiple of 512\n",
427                 s->readahead_size);
428         goto out_noclean;
429     }
430 
431     file = qemu_opt_get(opts, "url");
432     if (file == NULL) {
433         qerror_report(ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR, "curl block driver requires "
434                       "an 'url' option");
435         goto out_noclean;
436     }
437 
438     if (!inited) {
439         curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);
440         inited = 1;
441     }
442 
443     DPRINTF("CURL: Opening %s\n", file);
444     s->url = g_strdup(file);
445     state = curl_init_state(s);
446     if (!state)
447         goto out_noclean;
448 
449     // Get file size
450 
451     s->accept_range = false;
452     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 1);
453     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION,
454                      curl_header_cb);
455     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_HEADERDATA, s);
456     if (curl_easy_perform(state->curl))
457         goto out;
458     curl_easy_getinfo(state->curl, CURLINFO_CONTENT_LENGTH_DOWNLOAD, &d);
459     if (d)
460         s->len = (size_t)d;
461     else if(!s->len)
462         goto out;
463     if ((!strncasecmp(s->url, "http://", strlen("http://"))
464         || !strncasecmp(s->url, "https://", strlen("https://")))
465         && !s->accept_range) {
466         pstrcpy(state->errmsg, CURL_ERROR_SIZE,
467                 "Server does not support 'range' (byte ranges).");
468         goto out;
469     }
470     DPRINTF("CURL: Size = %zd\n", s->len);
471 
472     curl_clean_state(state);
473     curl_easy_cleanup(state->curl);
474     state->curl = NULL;
475 
476     // Now we know the file exists and its size, so let's
477     // initialize the multi interface!
478 
479     s->multi = curl_multi_init();
480     curl_multi_setopt(s->multi, CURLMOPT_SOCKETDATA, s);
481     curl_multi_setopt(s->multi, CURLMOPT_SOCKETFUNCTION, curl_sock_cb);
482     curl_multi_do(s);
483 
484     qemu_opts_del(opts);
485     return 0;
486 
487 out:
488     fprintf(stderr, "CURL: Error opening file: %s\n", state->errmsg);
489     curl_easy_cleanup(state->curl);
490     state->curl = NULL;
491 out_noclean:
492     g_free(s->url);
493     qemu_opts_del(opts);
494     return -EINVAL;
495 }
496 
497 static void curl_aio_cancel(BlockDriverAIOCB *blockacb)
498 {
499     // Do we have to implement canceling? Seems to work without...
500 }
501 
502 static const AIOCBInfo curl_aiocb_info = {
503     .aiocb_size         = sizeof(CURLAIOCB),
504     .cancel             = curl_aio_cancel,
505 };
506 
507 
508 static void curl_readv_bh_cb(void *p)
509 {
510     CURLState *state;
511 
512     CURLAIOCB *acb = p;
513     BDRVCURLState *s = acb->common.bs->opaque;
514 
515     qemu_bh_delete(acb->bh);
516     acb->bh = NULL;
517 
518     size_t start = acb->sector_num * SECTOR_SIZE;
519     size_t end;
520 
521     // In case we have the requested data already (e.g. read-ahead),
522     // we can just call the callback and be done.
523     switch (curl_find_buf(s, start, acb->nb_sectors * SECTOR_SIZE, acb)) {
524         case FIND_RET_OK:
525             qemu_aio_release(acb);
526             // fall through
527         case FIND_RET_WAIT:
528             return;
529         default:
530             break;
531     }
532 
533     // No cache found, so let's start a new request
534     state = curl_init_state(s);
535     if (!state) {
536         acb->common.cb(acb->common.opaque, -EIO);
537         qemu_aio_release(acb);
538         return;
539     }
540 
541     acb->start = 0;
542     acb->end = (acb->nb_sectors * SECTOR_SIZE);
543 
544     state->buf_off = 0;
545     if (state->orig_buf)
546         g_free(state->orig_buf);
547     state->buf_start = start;
548     state->buf_len = acb->end + s->readahead_size;
549     end = MIN(start + state->buf_len, s->len) - 1;
550     state->orig_buf = g_malloc(state->buf_len);
551     state->acb[0] = acb;
552 
553     snprintf(state->range, 127, "%zd-%zd", start, end);
554     DPRINTF("CURL (AIO): Reading %d at %zd (%s)\n",
555             (acb->nb_sectors * SECTOR_SIZE), start, state->range);
556     curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_RANGE, state->range);
557 
558     curl_multi_add_handle(s->multi, state->curl);
559     curl_multi_do(s);
560 
561 }
562 
563 static BlockDriverAIOCB *curl_aio_readv(BlockDriverState *bs,
564         int64_t sector_num, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int nb_sectors,
565         BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
566 {
567     CURLAIOCB *acb;
568 
569     acb = qemu_aio_get(&curl_aiocb_info, bs, cb, opaque);
570 
571     acb->qiov = qiov;
572     acb->sector_num = sector_num;
573     acb->nb_sectors = nb_sectors;
574 
575     acb->bh = qemu_bh_new(curl_readv_bh_cb, acb);
576     qemu_bh_schedule(acb->bh);
577     return &acb->common;
578 }
579 
580 static void curl_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
581 {
582     BDRVCURLState *s = bs->opaque;
583     int i;
584 
585     DPRINTF("CURL: Close\n");
586     for (i=0; i<CURL_NUM_STATES; i++) {
587         if (s->states[i].in_use)
588             curl_clean_state(&s->states[i]);
589         if (s->states[i].curl) {
590             curl_easy_cleanup(s->states[i].curl);
591             s->states[i].curl = NULL;
592         }
593         if (s->states[i].orig_buf) {
594             g_free(s->states[i].orig_buf);
595             s->states[i].orig_buf = NULL;
596         }
597     }
598     if (s->multi)
599         curl_multi_cleanup(s->multi);
600     g_free(s->url);
601 }
602 
603 static int64_t curl_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
604 {
605     BDRVCURLState *s = bs->opaque;
606     return s->len;
607 }
608 
609 static BlockDriver bdrv_http = {
610     .format_name            = "http",
611     .protocol_name          = "http",
612 
613     .instance_size          = sizeof(BDRVCURLState),
614     .bdrv_parse_filename    = curl_parse_filename,
615     .bdrv_file_open         = curl_open,
616     .bdrv_close             = curl_close,
617     .bdrv_getlength         = curl_getlength,
618 
619     .bdrv_aio_readv         = curl_aio_readv,
620 };
621 
622 static BlockDriver bdrv_https = {
623     .format_name            = "https",
624     .protocol_name          = "https",
625 
626     .instance_size          = sizeof(BDRVCURLState),
627     .bdrv_parse_filename    = curl_parse_filename,
628     .bdrv_file_open         = curl_open,
629     .bdrv_close             = curl_close,
630     .bdrv_getlength         = curl_getlength,
631 
632     .bdrv_aio_readv         = curl_aio_readv,
633 };
634 
635 static BlockDriver bdrv_ftp = {
636     .format_name            = "ftp",
637     .protocol_name          = "ftp",
638 
639     .instance_size          = sizeof(BDRVCURLState),
640     .bdrv_parse_filename    = curl_parse_filename,
641     .bdrv_file_open         = curl_open,
642     .bdrv_close             = curl_close,
643     .bdrv_getlength         = curl_getlength,
644 
645     .bdrv_aio_readv         = curl_aio_readv,
646 };
647 
648 static BlockDriver bdrv_ftps = {
649     .format_name            = "ftps",
650     .protocol_name          = "ftps",
651 
652     .instance_size          = sizeof(BDRVCURLState),
653     .bdrv_parse_filename    = curl_parse_filename,
654     .bdrv_file_open         = curl_open,
655     .bdrv_close             = curl_close,
656     .bdrv_getlength         = curl_getlength,
657 
658     .bdrv_aio_readv         = curl_aio_readv,
659 };
660 
661 static BlockDriver bdrv_tftp = {
662     .format_name            = "tftp",
663     .protocol_name          = "tftp",
664 
665     .instance_size          = sizeof(BDRVCURLState),
666     .bdrv_parse_filename    = curl_parse_filename,
667     .bdrv_file_open         = curl_open,
668     .bdrv_close             = curl_close,
669     .bdrv_getlength         = curl_getlength,
670 
671     .bdrv_aio_readv         = curl_aio_readv,
672 };
673 
674 static void curl_block_init(void)
675 {
676     bdrv_register(&bdrv_http);
677     bdrv_register(&bdrv_https);
678     bdrv_register(&bdrv_ftp);
679     bdrv_register(&bdrv_ftps);
680     bdrv_register(&bdrv_tftp);
681 }
682 
683 block_init(curl_block_init);
684