xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c (revision ea47eed33a3fe3d919e6e3cf4e4eb5507b817188)
1 /*
2  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
3  * on modern Intel turbo-capable processors.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
6  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
10  * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
15  * more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
18  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
19  * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20  */
21 
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #include MSRHEADER
24 #include INTEL_FAMILY_HEADER
25 #include <stdarg.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <err.h>
28 #include <unistd.h>
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <sys/wait.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32 #include <sys/select.h>
33 #include <sys/resource.h>
34 #include <fcntl.h>
35 #include <signal.h>
36 #include <sys/time.h>
37 #include <stdlib.h>
38 #include <getopt.h>
39 #include <dirent.h>
40 #include <string.h>
41 #include <ctype.h>
42 #include <sched.h>
43 #include <time.h>
44 #include <cpuid.h>
45 #include <linux/capability.h>
46 #include <errno.h>
47 
48 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
49 FILE *outf;
50 int *fd_percpu;
51 struct timeval interval_tv = {5, 0};
52 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
53 struct timespec one_msec = {0, 1000000};
54 unsigned int num_iterations;
55 unsigned int debug;
56 unsigned int quiet;
57 unsigned int shown;
58 unsigned int sums_need_wide_columns;
59 unsigned int rapl_joules;
60 unsigned int summary_only;
61 unsigned int list_header_only;
62 unsigned int dump_only;
63 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
64 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
65 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
66 unsigned int do_cnl_cstates;
67 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
68 unsigned int has_aperf;
69 unsigned int has_epb;
70 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
71 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
72 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
73 unsigned int genuine_intel;
74 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
75 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
76 unsigned int no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT;
77 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
78 double bclk;
79 double base_hz;
80 unsigned int has_base_hz;
81 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
82 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
83 unsigned int show_core_only;
84 char *output_buffer, *outp;
85 unsigned int do_rapl;
86 unsigned int do_dts;
87 unsigned int do_ptm;
88 unsigned long long  gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
89 unsigned long long cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us;
90 unsigned long long cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us;
91 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
92 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
93 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
94 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
95 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
96 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
97 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
98 unsigned int has_automatic_cstate_conversion;
99 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
100 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
101 unsigned int crystal_hz;
102 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
103 int base_cpu;
104 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
105 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
106 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
107 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
108 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
109 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
110 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
111 unsigned int has_misc_feature_control;
112 
113 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
114 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
115 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
116 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
117 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
118 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
119 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
120 
121 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
122 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
123 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
124 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
125 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
126 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
127 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
128 
129 #define RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT	(1 << 6)
130 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
131 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
132 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
133 
134 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
135 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
136 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
137 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
138 
139 #define RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS	(1 << 9)
140 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
141 #define RAPL_CORES (RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS | RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT)
142 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
143 
144 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
145 
146 /*
147  * buffer size used by sscanf() for added column names
148  * Usually truncated to 7 characters, but also handles 18 columns for raw 64-bit counters
149  */
150 #define	NAME_BYTES 20
151 #define PATH_BYTES 128
152 
153 int backwards_count;
154 char *progname;
155 
156 #define CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS	1024	/* need to use before probe... */
157 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set, *cpu_subset;
158 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_subset_size;
159 #define MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS 8
160 #define MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS 24
161 #define BITMASK_SIZE 32
162 
163 struct thread_data {
164 	struct timeval tv_begin;
165 	struct timeval tv_end;
166 	unsigned long long tsc;
167 	unsigned long long aperf;
168 	unsigned long long mperf;
169 	unsigned long long c1;
170 	unsigned long long  irq_count;
171 	unsigned int smi_count;
172 	unsigned int cpu_id;
173 	unsigned int flags;
174 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
175 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
176 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS];
177 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
178 
179 struct core_data {
180 	unsigned long long c3;
181 	unsigned long long c6;
182 	unsigned long long c7;
183 	unsigned long long mc6_us;	/* duplicate as per-core for now, even though per module */
184 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
185 	unsigned int core_id;
186 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
187 } *core_even, *core_odd;
188 
189 struct pkg_data {
190 	unsigned long long pc2;
191 	unsigned long long pc3;
192 	unsigned long long pc6;
193 	unsigned long long pc7;
194 	unsigned long long pc8;
195 	unsigned long long pc9;
196 	unsigned long long pc10;
197 	unsigned long long cpu_lpi;
198 	unsigned long long sys_lpi;
199 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
200 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
201 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
202 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
203 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
204 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
205 	unsigned int package_id;
206 	unsigned int energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
207 	unsigned int energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
208 	unsigned int energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
209 	unsigned int energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
210 	unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
211 	unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
212 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
213 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
214 } *package_even, *package_odd;
215 
216 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
217 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
218 
219 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no)	      \
220 	((thread_base) +						      \
221 	 ((pkg_no) *							      \
222 	  topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.cores_per_node * topo.threads_per_core) + \
223 	 ((node_no) * topo.cores_per_node * topo.threads_per_core) +	      \
224 	 ((core_no) * topo.threads_per_core) +				      \
225 	 (thread_no))
226 
227 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, node_no, pkg_no)			\
228 	((core_base) +							\
229 	 ((pkg_no) *  topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.cores_per_node) +	\
230 	 ((node_no) * topo.cores_per_node) +				\
231 	 (core_no))
232 
233 
234 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
235 
236 enum counter_scope {SCOPE_CPU, SCOPE_CORE, SCOPE_PACKAGE};
237 enum counter_type {COUNTER_ITEMS, COUNTER_CYCLES, COUNTER_SECONDS, COUNTER_USEC};
238 enum counter_format {FORMAT_RAW, FORMAT_DELTA, FORMAT_PERCENT};
239 
240 struct msr_counter {
241 	unsigned int msr_num;
242 	char name[NAME_BYTES];
243 	char path[PATH_BYTES];
244 	unsigned int width;
245 	enum counter_type type;
246 	enum counter_format format;
247 	struct msr_counter *next;
248 	unsigned int flags;
249 #define	FLAGS_HIDE	(1 << 0)
250 #define	FLAGS_SHOW	(1 << 1)
251 #define	SYSFS_PERCPU	(1 << 1)
252 };
253 
254 struct sys_counters {
255 	unsigned int added_thread_counters;
256 	unsigned int added_core_counters;
257 	unsigned int added_package_counters;
258 	struct msr_counter *tp;
259 	struct msr_counter *cp;
260 	struct msr_counter *pp;
261 } sys;
262 
263 struct system_summary {
264 	struct thread_data threads;
265 	struct core_data cores;
266 	struct pkg_data packages;
267 } average;
268 
269 struct cpu_topology {
270 	int physical_package_id;
271 	int logical_cpu_id;
272 	int physical_node_id;
273 	int logical_node_id;	/* 0-based count within the package */
274 	int physical_core_id;
275 	int thread_id;
276 	cpu_set_t *put_ids; /* Processing Unit/Thread IDs */
277 } *cpus;
278 
279 struct topo_params {
280 	int num_packages;
281 	int num_cpus;
282 	int num_cores;
283 	int max_cpu_num;
284 	int max_node_num;
285 	int nodes_per_pkg;
286 	int cores_per_node;
287 	int threads_per_core;
288 } topo;
289 
290 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
291 
292 int *irq_column_2_cpu;	/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
293 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
294 
295 void setup_all_buffers(void);
296 
297 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
298 {
299 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
300 }
301 /*
302  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
303  * skip non-present cpus
304  */
305 
306 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
307 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
308 {
309 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no, node_no;
310 
311 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
312 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.cores_per_node; ++core_no) {
313 			for (node_no = 0; node_no < topo.nodes_per_pkg;
314 			     node_no++) {
315 				for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
316 					topo.threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
317 					struct thread_data *t;
318 					struct core_data *c;
319 					struct pkg_data *p;
320 
321 					t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no,
322 						       core_no, node_no,
323 						       pkg_no);
324 
325 					if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
326 						continue;
327 
328 					c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no,
329 						     node_no, pkg_no);
330 					p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
331 
332 					retval = func(t, c, p);
333 					if (retval)
334 						return retval;
335 				}
336 			}
337 		}
338 	}
339 	return 0;
340 }
341 
342 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
343 {
344 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
345 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
346 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
347 		return -1;
348 	else
349 		return 0;
350 }
351 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
352 {
353 	char pathname[32];
354 	int fd;
355 
356 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
357 
358 	if (fd)
359 		return fd;
360 
361 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
362 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
363 	if (fd < 0)
364 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
365 
366 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
367 
368 	return fd;
369 }
370 
371 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
372 {
373 	ssize_t retval;
374 
375 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
376 
377 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
378 		err(-1, "cpu%d: msr offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
379 
380 	return 0;
381 }
382 
383 /*
384  * Each string in this array is compared in --show and --hide cmdline.
385  * Thus, strings that are proper sub-sets must follow their more specific peers.
386  */
387 struct msr_counter bic[] = {
388 	{ 0x0, "usec" },
389 	{ 0x0, "Time_Of_Day_Seconds" },
390 	{ 0x0, "Package" },
391 	{ 0x0, "Avg_MHz" },
392 	{ 0x0, "Bzy_MHz" },
393 	{ 0x0, "TSC_MHz" },
394 	{ 0x0, "IRQ" },
395 	{ 0x0, "SMI", "", 32, 0, FORMAT_DELTA, NULL},
396 	{ 0x0, "Busy%" },
397 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c1" },
398 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c3" },
399 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c6" },
400 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c7" },
401 	{ 0x0, "ThreadC" },
402 	{ 0x0, "CoreTmp" },
403 	{ 0x0, "CoreCnt" },
404 	{ 0x0, "PkgTmp" },
405 	{ 0x0, "GFX%rc6" },
406 	{ 0x0, "GFXMHz" },
407 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc2" },
408 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc3" },
409 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc6" },
410 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc7" },
411 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc8" },
412 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc9" },
413 	{ 0x0, "Pk%pc10" },
414 	{ 0x0, "CPU%LPI" },
415 	{ 0x0, "SYS%LPI" },
416 	{ 0x0, "PkgWatt" },
417 	{ 0x0, "CorWatt" },
418 	{ 0x0, "GFXWatt" },
419 	{ 0x0, "PkgCnt" },
420 	{ 0x0, "RAMWatt" },
421 	{ 0x0, "PKG_%" },
422 	{ 0x0, "RAM_%" },
423 	{ 0x0, "Pkg_J" },
424 	{ 0x0, "Cor_J" },
425 	{ 0x0, "GFX_J" },
426 	{ 0x0, "RAM_J" },
427 	{ 0x0, "Core" },
428 	{ 0x0, "CPU" },
429 	{ 0x0, "Mod%c6" },
430 	{ 0x0, "sysfs" },
431 	{ 0x0, "Totl%C0" },
432 	{ 0x0, "Any%C0" },
433 	{ 0x0, "GFX%C0" },
434 	{ 0x0, "CPUGFX%" },
435 	{ 0x0, "Node%" },
436 };
437 
438 
439 
440 #define MAX_BIC (sizeof(bic) / sizeof(struct msr_counter))
441 #define	BIC_USEC	(1ULL << 0)
442 #define	BIC_TOD		(1ULL << 1)
443 #define	BIC_Package	(1ULL << 2)
444 #define	BIC_Avg_MHz	(1ULL << 3)
445 #define	BIC_Bzy_MHz	(1ULL << 4)
446 #define	BIC_TSC_MHz	(1ULL << 5)
447 #define	BIC_IRQ		(1ULL << 6)
448 #define	BIC_SMI		(1ULL << 7)
449 #define	BIC_Busy	(1ULL << 8)
450 #define	BIC_CPU_c1	(1ULL << 9)
451 #define	BIC_CPU_c3	(1ULL << 10)
452 #define	BIC_CPU_c6	(1ULL << 11)
453 #define	BIC_CPU_c7	(1ULL << 12)
454 #define	BIC_ThreadC	(1ULL << 13)
455 #define	BIC_CoreTmp	(1ULL << 14)
456 #define	BIC_CoreCnt	(1ULL << 15)
457 #define	BIC_PkgTmp	(1ULL << 16)
458 #define	BIC_GFX_rc6	(1ULL << 17)
459 #define	BIC_GFXMHz	(1ULL << 18)
460 #define	BIC_Pkgpc2	(1ULL << 19)
461 #define	BIC_Pkgpc3	(1ULL << 20)
462 #define	BIC_Pkgpc6	(1ULL << 21)
463 #define	BIC_Pkgpc7	(1ULL << 22)
464 #define	BIC_Pkgpc8	(1ULL << 23)
465 #define	BIC_Pkgpc9	(1ULL << 24)
466 #define	BIC_Pkgpc10	(1ULL << 25)
467 #define BIC_CPU_LPI	(1ULL << 26)
468 #define BIC_SYS_LPI	(1ULL << 27)
469 #define	BIC_PkgWatt	(1ULL << 26)
470 #define	BIC_CorWatt	(1ULL << 27)
471 #define	BIC_GFXWatt	(1ULL << 28)
472 #define	BIC_PkgCnt	(1ULL << 29)
473 #define	BIC_RAMWatt	(1ULL << 30)
474 #define	BIC_PKG__	(1ULL << 31)
475 #define	BIC_RAM__	(1ULL << 32)
476 #define	BIC_Pkg_J	(1ULL << 33)
477 #define	BIC_Cor_J	(1ULL << 34)
478 #define	BIC_GFX_J	(1ULL << 35)
479 #define	BIC_RAM_J	(1ULL << 36)
480 #define	BIC_Core	(1ULL << 37)
481 #define	BIC_CPU		(1ULL << 38)
482 #define	BIC_Mod_c6	(1ULL << 39)
483 #define	BIC_sysfs	(1ULL << 40)
484 #define	BIC_Totl_c0	(1ULL << 41)
485 #define	BIC_Any_c0	(1ULL << 42)
486 #define	BIC_GFX_c0	(1ULL << 43)
487 #define	BIC_CPUGFX	(1ULL << 44)
488 #define	BIC_Node	(1ULL << 45)
489 
490 #define BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT	(BIC_USEC | BIC_TOD)
491 
492 unsigned long long bic_enabled = (0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL & ~BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
493 unsigned long long bic_present = BIC_USEC | BIC_TOD | BIC_sysfs;
494 
495 #define DO_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled & bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
496 #define ENABLE_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled |= COUNTER_NAME)
497 #define BIC_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present |= COUNTER_BIT)
498 #define BIC_NOT_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present &= ~COUNTER_BIT)
499 
500 
501 #define MAX_DEFERRED 16
502 char *deferred_skip_names[MAX_DEFERRED];
503 int deferred_skip_index;
504 
505 /*
506  * HIDE_LIST - hide this list of counters, show the rest [default]
507  * SHOW_LIST - show this list of counters, hide the rest
508  */
509 enum show_hide_mode { SHOW_LIST, HIDE_LIST } global_show_hide_mode = HIDE_LIST;
510 
511 void help(void)
512 {
513 	fprintf(outf,
514 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
515 	"\n"
516 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
517 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
518 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
519 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
520 	"--add		add a counter\n"
521 	"		eg. --add msr0x10,u64,cpu,delta,MY_TSC\n"
522 	"--cpu	cpu-set	limit output to summary plus cpu-set:\n"
523 	"		{core | package | j,k,l..m,n-p }\n"
524 	"--quiet	skip decoding system configuration header\n"
525 	"--interval sec.subsec	Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
526 	"--help		print this help message\n"
527 	"--list		list column headers only\n"
528 	"--num_iterations num   number of the measurement iterations\n"
529 	"--out file	create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
530 	"--version	print version information\n"
531 	"\n"
532 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
533 }
534 
535 /*
536  * bic_lookup
537  * for all the strings in comma separate name_list,
538  * set the approprate bit in return value.
539  */
540 unsigned long long bic_lookup(char *name_list, enum show_hide_mode mode)
541 {
542 	int i;
543 	unsigned long long retval = 0;
544 
545 	while (name_list) {
546 		char *comma;
547 
548 		comma = strchr(name_list, ',');
549 
550 		if (comma)
551 			*comma = '\0';
552 
553 		if (!strcmp(name_list, "all"))
554 			return ~0;
555 
556 		for (i = 0; i < MAX_BIC; ++i) {
557 			if (!strcmp(name_list, bic[i].name)) {
558 				retval |= (1ULL << i);
559 				break;
560 			}
561 		}
562 		if (i == MAX_BIC) {
563 			if (mode == SHOW_LIST) {
564 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid counter name: %s\n", name_list);
565 				exit(-1);
566 			}
567 			deferred_skip_names[deferred_skip_index++] = name_list;
568 			if (debug)
569 				fprintf(stderr, "deferred \"%s\"\n", name_list);
570 			if (deferred_skip_index >= MAX_DEFERRED) {
571 				fprintf(stderr, "More than max %d un-recognized --skip options '%s'\n",
572 					MAX_DEFERRED, name_list);
573 				help();
574 				exit(1);
575 			}
576 		}
577 
578 		name_list = comma;
579 		if (name_list)
580 			name_list++;
581 
582 	}
583 	return retval;
584 }
585 
586 
587 void print_header(char *delim)
588 {
589 	struct msr_counter *mp;
590 	int printed = 0;
591 
592 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_USEC))
593 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%susec", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
594 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TOD))
595 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTime_Of_Day_Seconds", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
596 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
597 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPackage", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
598 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node))
599 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sNode", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
600 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
601 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCore", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
602 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
603 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
604 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
605 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAvg_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
606 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
607 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBusy%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
608 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz))
609 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBzy_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
610 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
611 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTSC_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
612 
613 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
614 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
615 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s     IRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
616 		else
617 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sIRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
618 	}
619 
620 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
621 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSMI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
622 
623 	for (mp = sys.tp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
624 
625 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
626 			if (mp->width == 64)
627 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
628 			else
629 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
630 		} else {
631 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
632 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
633 			else
634 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
635 		}
636 	}
637 
638 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
639 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c1", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
640 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates && !do_cnl_cstates)
641 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
642 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
643 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
644 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
645 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
646 
647 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
648 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sMod%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
649 
650 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
651 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCoreTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
652 
653 	for (mp = sys.cp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
654 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
655 			if (mp->width == 64)
656 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
657 			else
658 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
659 		} else {
660 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
661 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
662 			else
663 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
664 		}
665 	}
666 
667 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
668 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
669 
670 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
671 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%rc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
672 
673 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
674 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXMHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
675 
676 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
677 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTotl%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
678 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
679 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAny%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
680 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
681 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
682 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
683 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPUGFX%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
684 
685 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
686 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc2", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
687 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
688 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
689 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
690 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
691 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
692 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
693 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
694 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc8", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
695 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
696 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc9", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
697 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
698 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPk%%pc10", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
699 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
700 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%LPI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
701 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
702 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSYS%%LPI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
703 
704 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
705 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
706 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
707 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt))
708 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCorWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
709 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
710 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
711 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
712 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAMWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
713 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
714 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
715 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
716 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
717 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
718 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
719 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
720 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J))
721 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCor_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
722 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
723 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
724 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
725 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
726 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
727 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
728 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
729 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
730 	}
731 	for (mp = sys.pp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
732 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
733 			if (mp->width == 64)
734 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
735 			else
736 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
737 		} else {
738 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
739 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
740 			else
741 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
742 		}
743 	}
744 
745 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
746 }
747 
748 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
749 	struct pkg_data *p)
750 {
751 	int i;
752 	struct msr_counter *mp;
753 
754 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
755 
756 	if (t) {
757 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
758 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
759 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
760 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
761 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
762 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
763 
764 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
765 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %lld\n", t->irq_count);
766 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
767 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %d\n", t->smi_count);
768 
769 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
770 			outp += sprintf(outp, "tADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
771 				i, mp->msr_num, t->counter[i]);
772 		}
773 	}
774 
775 	if (c) {
776 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
777 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
778 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
779 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
780 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
781 
782 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
783 			outp += sprintf(outp, "cADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
784 				i, mp->msr_num, c->counter[i]);
785 		}
786 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mc6_us: %016llX\n", c->mc6_us);
787 	}
788 
789 	if (p) {
790 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
791 
792 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
793 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
794 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
795 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
796 
797 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
798 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
799 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
800 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
801 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
802 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
803 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
804 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
805 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
806 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
807 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
808 		outp += sprintf(outp, "cpu_lpi: %016llX\n", p->cpu_lpi);
809 		outp += sprintf(outp, "sys_lpi: %016llX\n", p->sys_lpi);
810 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg);
811 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores);
812 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx);
813 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram);
814 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n",
815 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
816 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n",
817 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
818 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
819 
820 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
821 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
822 				i, mp->msr_num, p->counter[i]);
823 		}
824 	}
825 
826 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
827 
828 	return 0;
829 }
830 
831 /*
832  * column formatting convention & formats
833  */
834 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
835 	struct pkg_data *p)
836 {
837 	double interval_float, tsc;
838 	char *fmt8;
839 	int i;
840 	struct msr_counter *mp;
841 	char *delim = "\t";
842 	int printed = 0;
843 
844 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
845 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
846 		return 0;
847 
848 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
849 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
850 		return 0;
851 
852 	/*if not summary line and --cpu is used */
853 	if ((t != &average.threads) &&
854 		(cpu_subset && !CPU_ISSET_S(t->cpu_id, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset)))
855 		return 0;
856 
857 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_USEC)) {
858 		/* on each row, print how many usec each timestamp took to gather */
859 		struct timeval tv;
860 
861 		timersub(&t->tv_end, &t->tv_begin, &tv);
862 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%5ld\t", tv.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv.tv_usec);
863 	}
864 
865 	/* Time_Of_Day_Seconds: on each row, print sec.usec last timestamp taken */
866 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TOD))
867 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%10ld.%06ld\t", t->tv_end.tv_sec, t->tv_end.tv_usec);
868 
869 	interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
870 
871 	tsc = t->tsc * tsc_tweak;
872 
873 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
874 	if (t == &average.threads) {
875 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
876 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
877 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node))
878 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
879 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
880 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
881 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
882 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
883 	} else {
884 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package)) {
885 			if (p)
886 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->package_id);
887 			else
888 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
889 		}
890 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node)) {
891 			if (t)
892 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d",
893 						(printed++ ? delim : ""),
894 					      cpus[t->cpu_id].physical_node_id);
895 			else
896 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-",
897 						(printed++ ? delim : ""));
898 		}
899 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core)) {
900 			if (c)
901 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_id);
902 			else
903 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
904 		}
905 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
906 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->cpu_id);
907 	}
908 
909 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
910 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
911 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
912 
913 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
914 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->mperf/tsc);
915 
916 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
917 		if (has_base_hz)
918 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
919 		else
920 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
921 				tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
922 	}
923 
924 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
925 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
926 
927 	/* IRQ */
928 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
929 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
930 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
931 		else
932 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
933 	}
934 
935 	/* SMI */
936 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
937 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->smi_count);
938 
939 	/* Added counters */
940 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
941 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
942 			if (mp->width == 32)
943 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) t->counter[i]);
944 			else
945 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
946 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
947 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
948 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
949 			else
950 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
951 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
952 			if (mp->type == COUNTER_USEC)
953 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]/interval_float/10000);
954 			else
955 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->counter[i]/tsc);
956 		}
957 	}
958 
959 	/* C1 */
960 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
961 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->c1/tsc);
962 
963 
964 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
965 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
966 		goto done;
967 
968 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates && !do_cnl_cstates)
969 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c3/tsc);
970 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
971 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c6/tsc);
972 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
973 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c7/tsc);
974 
975 	/* Mod%c6 */
976 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
977 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->mc6_us / tsc);
978 
979 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
980 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_temp_c);
981 
982 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
983 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
984 			if (mp->width == 32)
985 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) c->counter[i]);
986 			else
987 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
988 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
989 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
990 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
991 			else
992 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
993 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
994 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->counter[i]/tsc);
995 		}
996 	}
997 
998 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
999 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1000 		goto done;
1001 
1002 	/* PkgTmp */
1003 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
1004 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->pkg_temp_c);
1005 
1006 	/* GFXrc6 */
1007 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6)) {
1008 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect GFX counter reset */
1009 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s**.**", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1010 		} else {
1011 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1012 				p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
1013 		}
1014 	}
1015 
1016 	/* GFXMHz */
1017 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
1018 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->gfx_mhz);
1019 
1020 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
1021 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1022 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/tsc);
1023 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1024 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/tsc);
1025 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1026 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/tsc);
1027 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1028 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/tsc);
1029 
1030 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
1031 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc2/tsc);
1032 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1033 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc3/tsc);
1034 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1035 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc6/tsc);
1036 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1037 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc7/tsc);
1038 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
1039 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc8/tsc);
1040 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
1041 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc9/tsc);
1042 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
1043 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc10/tsc);
1044 
1045 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
1046 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->cpu_lpi / 1000000.0 / interval_float);
1047 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
1048 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->sys_lpi / 1000000.0 / interval_float);
1049 
1050 	/*
1051  	 * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range,
1052  	 * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place.
1053  	 */
1054 	if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range)
1055 		fmt8 = "%s%.2f";
1056 	else
1057 		fmt8 = "%6.0f**";
1058 
1059 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
1060 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1061 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt))
1062 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1063 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
1064 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1065 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
1066 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
1067 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
1068 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
1069 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J))
1070 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
1071 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
1072 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
1073 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
1074 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
1075 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
1076 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
1077 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
1078 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
1079 
1080 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1081 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1082 			if (mp->width == 32)
1083 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) p->counter[i]);
1084 			else
1085 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1086 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1087 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1088 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1089 			else
1090 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1091 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1092 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->counter[i]/tsc);
1093 		}
1094 	}
1095 
1096 done:
1097 	if (*(outp - 1) != '\n')
1098 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
1099 
1100 	return 0;
1101 }
1102 
1103 void flush_output_stdout(void)
1104 {
1105 	FILE *filep;
1106 
1107 	if (outf == stderr)
1108 		filep = stdout;
1109 	else
1110 		filep = outf;
1111 
1112 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
1113 	fflush(filep);
1114 
1115 	outp = output_buffer;
1116 }
1117 void flush_output_stderr(void)
1118 {
1119 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
1120 	fflush(outf);
1121 	outp = output_buffer;
1122 }
1123 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1124 {
1125 	static int printed;
1126 
1127 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
1128 		print_header("\t");
1129 
1130 	if (topo.num_cpus > 1)
1131 		format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores,
1132 			&average.packages);
1133 
1134 	printed = 1;
1135 
1136 	if (summary_only)
1137 		return;
1138 
1139 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
1140 }
1141 
1142 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
1143 	if (new > old) {			\
1144 		old = new - old;		\
1145 	} else {				\
1146 		old = 0x100000000 + new - old;	\
1147 	}
1148 
1149 int
1150 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
1151 {
1152 	int i;
1153 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1154 
1155 
1156 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1157 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1158 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1159 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
1160 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1161 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1162 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1163 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1164 
1165 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
1166 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1167 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
1168 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1169 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
1170 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1171 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
1172 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
1173 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
1174 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
1175 	old->cpu_lpi = new->cpu_lpi - old->cpu_lpi;
1176 	old->sys_lpi = new->sys_lpi - old->sys_lpi;
1177 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
1178 
1179 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
1180 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms >  new->gfx_rc6_ms)
1181 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
1182 	else
1183 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
1184 
1185 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
1186 
1187 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg);
1188 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
1189 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
1190 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
1191 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
1192 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
1193 
1194 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1195 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1196 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1197 		else
1198 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1199 	}
1200 
1201 	return 0;
1202 }
1203 
1204 void
1205 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
1206 {
1207 	int i;
1208 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1209 
1210 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
1211 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
1212 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
1213 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
1214 	old->mc6_us = new->mc6_us - old->mc6_us;
1215 
1216 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1217 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1218 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1219 		else
1220 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1221 	}
1222 }
1223 
1224 /*
1225  * old = new - old
1226  */
1227 int
1228 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
1229 	struct core_data *core_delta)
1230 {
1231 	int i;
1232 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1233 
1234 	/*
1235 	 * the timestamps from start of measurement interval are in "old"
1236 	 * the timestamp from end of measurement interval are in "new"
1237 	 * over-write old w/ new so we can print end of interval values
1238 	 */
1239 
1240 	old->tv_begin = new->tv_begin;
1241 	old->tv_end = new->tv_end;
1242 
1243 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
1244 
1245 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
1246 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
1247 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
1248 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
1249 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
1250 
1251 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
1252 
1253 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1254 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
1255 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
1256 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
1257 		} else {
1258 			return -1;
1259 		}
1260 	}
1261 
1262 
1263 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1264 		/*
1265 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
1266 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
1267 		 */
1268 	} else {
1269 		/*
1270 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
1271 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
1272 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
1273 		 */
1274 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > (old->tsc * tsc_tweak))
1275 			old->c1 = 0;
1276 		else {
1277 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
1278 			old->c1 = (old->tsc * tsc_tweak) - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
1279 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
1280 		}
1281 	}
1282 
1283 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
1284 		if (debug > 1)
1285 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
1286 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
1287 	}
1288 
1289 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1290 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
1291 
1292 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1293 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
1294 
1295 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1296 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1297 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1298 		else
1299 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1300 	}
1301 	return 0;
1302 }
1303 
1304 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1305 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
1306 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
1307 {
1308 	int retval = 0;
1309 
1310 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
1311 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
1312 		delta_core(c, c2);
1313 
1314 	/* always calculate thread delta */
1315 	retval = delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
1316 	if (retval)
1317 		return retval;
1318 
1319 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
1320 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
1321 		retval = delta_package(p, p2);
1322 
1323 	return retval;
1324 }
1325 
1326 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1327 {
1328 	int i;
1329 	struct msr_counter  *mp;
1330 
1331 	t->tv_begin.tv_sec = 0;
1332 	t->tv_begin.tv_usec = 0;
1333 	t->tv_end.tv_sec = 0;
1334 	t->tv_end.tv_usec = 0;
1335 
1336 	t->tsc = 0;
1337 	t->aperf = 0;
1338 	t->mperf = 0;
1339 	t->c1 = 0;
1340 
1341 	t->irq_count = 0;
1342 	t->smi_count = 0;
1343 
1344 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
1345 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
1346 
1347 	c->c3 = 0;
1348 	c->c6 = 0;
1349 	c->c7 = 0;
1350 	c->mc6_us = 0;
1351 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
1352 
1353 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
1354 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
1355 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1356 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1357 
1358 	p->pc2 = 0;
1359 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1360 		p->pc3 = 0;
1361 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1362 		p->pc6 = 0;
1363 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1364 		p->pc7 = 0;
1365 	p->pc8 = 0;
1366 	p->pc9 = 0;
1367 	p->pc10 = 0;
1368 	p->cpu_lpi = 0;
1369 	p->sys_lpi = 0;
1370 
1371 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
1372 	p->energy_dram = 0;
1373 	p->energy_cores = 0;
1374 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
1375 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
1376 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
1377 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
1378 
1379 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
1380 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
1381 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1382 		t->counter[i] = 0;
1383 
1384 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1385 		c->counter[i] = 0;
1386 
1387 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1388 		p->counter[i] = 0;
1389 }
1390 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1391 	struct pkg_data *p)
1392 {
1393 	int i;
1394 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1395 
1396 	/* remember first tv_begin */
1397 	if (average.threads.tv_begin.tv_sec == 0)
1398 		average.threads.tv_begin = t->tv_begin;
1399 
1400 	/* remember last tv_end */
1401 	average.threads.tv_end = t->tv_end;
1402 
1403 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
1404 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
1405 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
1406 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
1407 
1408 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
1409 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
1410 
1411 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1412 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1413 			continue;
1414 		average.threads.counter[i] += t->counter[i];
1415 	}
1416 
1417 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
1418 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1419 		return 0;
1420 
1421 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
1422 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
1423 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
1424 	average.cores.mc6_us += c->mc6_us;
1425 
1426 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
1427 
1428 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1429 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1430 			continue;
1431 		average.cores.counter[i] += c->counter[i];
1432 	}
1433 
1434 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
1435 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1436 		return 0;
1437 
1438 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1439 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1440 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1441 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
1442 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1443 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1444 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1445 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1446 
1447 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
1448 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1449 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
1450 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1451 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
1452 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1453 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
1454 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
1455 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
1456 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
1457 
1458 	average.packages.cpu_lpi = p->cpu_lpi;
1459 	average.packages.sys_lpi = p->sys_lpi;
1460 
1461 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
1462 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
1463 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
1464 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
1465 
1466 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
1467 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
1468 
1469 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
1470 
1471 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1472 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1473 
1474 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1475 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1476 			continue;
1477 		average.packages.counter[i] += p->counter[i];
1478 	}
1479 	return 0;
1480 }
1481 /*
1482  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1483  * compute the weighted average
1484  */
1485 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1486 	struct pkg_data *p)
1487 {
1488 	int i;
1489 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1490 
1491 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1492 
1493 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1494 
1495 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1496 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1497 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1498 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1499 
1500 	if (average.threads.irq_count > 9999999)
1501 		sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1502 
1503 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1504 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1505 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1506 	average.cores.mc6_us /= topo.num_cores;
1507 
1508 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1509 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1510 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1511 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1512 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1513 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1514 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1515 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1516 
1517 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1518 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1519 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1520 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1521 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1522 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1523 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1524 
1525 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1526 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1527 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1528 
1529 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1530 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1531 			continue;
1532 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1533 			if (average.threads.counter[i] > 9999999)
1534 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1535 			continue;
1536 		}
1537 		average.threads.counter[i] /= topo.num_cpus;
1538 	}
1539 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1540 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1541 			continue;
1542 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1543 			if (average.cores.counter[i] > 9999999)
1544 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1545 		}
1546 		average.cores.counter[i] /= topo.num_cores;
1547 	}
1548 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1549 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1550 			continue;
1551 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1552 			if (average.packages.counter[i] > 9999999)
1553 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1554 		}
1555 		average.packages.counter[i] /= topo.num_packages;
1556 	}
1557 }
1558 
1559 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1560 {
1561 	unsigned int low, high;
1562 
1563 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
1564 
1565 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1566 }
1567 
1568 /*
1569  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1570  */
1571 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1572 {
1573 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1574 
1575 	if (!filep)
1576 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1577 	return filep;
1578 }
1579 /*
1580  * snapshot_sysfs_counter()
1581  *
1582  * return snapshot of given counter
1583  */
1584 unsigned long long snapshot_sysfs_counter(char *path)
1585 {
1586 	FILE *fp;
1587 	int retval;
1588 	unsigned long long counter;
1589 
1590 	fp = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1591 
1592 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &counter);
1593 	if (retval != 1)
1594 		err(1, "snapshot_sysfs_counter(%s)", path);
1595 
1596 	fclose(fp);
1597 
1598 	return counter;
1599 }
1600 
1601 int get_mp(int cpu, struct msr_counter *mp, unsigned long long *counterp)
1602 {
1603 	if (mp->msr_num != 0) {
1604 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, counterp))
1605 			return -1;
1606 	} else {
1607 		char path[128 + PATH_BYTES];
1608 
1609 		if (mp->flags & SYSFS_PERCPU) {
1610 			sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/%s",
1611 				 cpu, mp->path);
1612 
1613 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(path);
1614 		} else {
1615 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(mp->path);
1616 		}
1617 	}
1618 
1619 	return 0;
1620 }
1621 
1622 /*
1623  * get_counters(...)
1624  * migrate to cpu
1625  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1626  */
1627 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1628 {
1629 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1630 	unsigned long long msr;
1631 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1632 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1633 	int i;
1634 
1635 
1636 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_begin, (struct timezone *)NULL);
1637 
1638 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1639 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1640 		return -1;
1641 	}
1642 
1643 retry:
1644 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1645 
1646 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1647 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1648 
1649 		/*
1650 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
1651 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
1652 		 *
1653 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
1654 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
1655 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
1656 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
1657 		 */
1658 
1659 		/*
1660 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
1661 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
1662 		 */
1663 
1664 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1665 			return -3;
1666 
1667 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
1668 
1669 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
1670 
1671 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1672 			return -3;
1673 
1674 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
1675 
1676 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1677 			return -4;
1678 
1679 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
1680 
1681 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
1682 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
1683 
1684 		/*
1685 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
1686 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
1687 		 */
1688 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
1689 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
1690 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
1691 				goto retry;
1692 			else
1693 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld",
1694 					cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
1695 		}
1696 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1697 
1698 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1699 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1700 	}
1701 
1702 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1703 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
1704 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI)) {
1705 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1706 			return -5;
1707 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1708 	}
1709 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) && use_c1_residency_msr) {
1710 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
1711 			return -6;
1712 	}
1713 
1714 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1715 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &t->counter[i]))
1716 			return -10;
1717 	}
1718 
1719 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
1720 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1721 		goto done;
1722 
1723 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates && !do_cnl_cstates) {
1724 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
1725 			return -6;
1726 	}
1727 
1728 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6) && !do_knl_cstates) {
1729 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1730 			return -7;
1731 	} else if (do_knl_cstates) {
1732 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1733 			return -7;
1734 	}
1735 
1736 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
1737 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
1738 			return -8;
1739 
1740 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
1741 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_MODULE_C6_RES_MS, &c->mc6_us))
1742 			return -8;
1743 
1744 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp)) {
1745 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1746 			return -9;
1747 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1748 	}
1749 
1750 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1751 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &c->counter[i]))
1752 			return -10;
1753 	}
1754 
1755 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
1756 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1757 		goto done;
1758 
1759 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0)) {
1760 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
1761 			return -10;
1762 	}
1763 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0)) {
1764 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
1765 			return -11;
1766 	}
1767 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0)) {
1768 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
1769 			return -12;
1770 	}
1771 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX)) {
1772 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
1773 			return -13;
1774 	}
1775 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1776 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
1777 			return -9;
1778 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6)) {
1779 		if (do_slm_cstates) {
1780 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_ATOM_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1781 				return -10;
1782 		} else {
1783 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1784 				return -10;
1785 		}
1786 	}
1787 
1788 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
1789 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
1790 			return -11;
1791 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1792 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
1793 			return -12;
1794 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
1795 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
1796 			return -13;
1797 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
1798 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
1799 			return -13;
1800 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
1801 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
1802 			return -13;
1803 
1804 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
1805 		p->cpu_lpi = cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us;
1806 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
1807 		p->sys_lpi = cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us;
1808 
1809 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
1810 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1811 			return -13;
1812 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1813 	}
1814 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS) {
1815 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1816 			return -14;
1817 		p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1818 	}
1819 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
1820 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1821 			return -15;
1822 		p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1823 	}
1824 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
1825 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1826 			return -16;
1827 		p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1828 	}
1829 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
1830 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1831 			return -16;
1832 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1833 	}
1834 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
1835 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1836 			return -16;
1837 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1838 	}
1839 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp)) {
1840 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1841 			return -17;
1842 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1843 	}
1844 
1845 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
1846 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
1847 
1848 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
1849 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
1850 
1851 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1852 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &p->counter[i]))
1853 			return -10;
1854 	}
1855 done:
1856 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_end, (struct timezone *)NULL);
1857 
1858 	return 0;
1859 }
1860 
1861 /*
1862  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
1863  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
1864  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
1865  */
1866 
1867 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
1868 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
1869 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
1870 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
1871 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
1872 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
1873 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
1874 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
1875 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
1876 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
1877 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
1878 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
1879 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
1880 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
1881 #define PCLUNL 14 /* Unlimited */
1882 
1883 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
1884 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
1885 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "unlimited"};
1886 
1887 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1888 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1889 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1890 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7};
1891 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1892 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1893 int bxt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1894 int skx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1895 
1896 
1897 static void
1898 calculate_tsc_tweak()
1899 {
1900 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
1901 }
1902 
1903 static void
1904 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
1905 {
1906 	unsigned long long msr;
1907 	unsigned int ratio;
1908 
1909 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
1910 
1911 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1912 
1913 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1914 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
1915 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1916 
1917 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1918 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
1919 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1920 
1921 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
1922 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
1923 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
1924 
1925 	return;
1926 }
1927 
1928 static void
1929 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1930 {
1931 	unsigned long long msr;
1932 	unsigned int ratio;
1933 
1934 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
1935 
1936 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1937 
1938 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1939 	if (ratio)
1940 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
1941 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1942 
1943 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1944 	if (ratio)
1945 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
1946 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1947 	return;
1948 }
1949 
1950 static void
1951 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1952 {
1953 	unsigned long long msr;
1954 	unsigned int ratio;
1955 
1956 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
1957 
1958 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1959 
1960 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1961 	if (ratio)
1962 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
1963 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1964 
1965 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1966 	if (ratio)
1967 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
1968 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1969 
1970 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1971 	if (ratio)
1972 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
1973 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1974 
1975 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1976 	if (ratio)
1977 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
1978 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1979 
1980 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1981 	if (ratio)
1982 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
1983 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1984 
1985 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1986 	if (ratio)
1987 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
1988 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1989 
1990 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1991 	if (ratio)
1992 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
1993 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1994 
1995 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1996 	if (ratio)
1997 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
1998 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1999 	return;
2000 }
2001 int has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(int family, int model)
2002 {
2003 
2004 	if (!genuine_intel)
2005 		return 0;
2006 
2007 	switch (model) {
2008 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
2009 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
2010 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:
2011 		return 1;
2012 	}
2013 	return 0;
2014 }
2015 
2016 static void
2017 dump_turbo_ratio_limits(int family, int model)
2018 {
2019 	unsigned long long msr, core_counts;
2020 	unsigned int ratio, group_size;
2021 
2022 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2023 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2024 
2025 	if (has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(family, model)) {
2026 		get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &core_counts);
2027 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, core_counts);
2028 	} else {
2029 		core_counts = 0x0807060504030201;
2030 	}
2031 
2032 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
2033 	group_size = (core_counts >> 56) & 0xFF;
2034 	if (ratio)
2035 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2036 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2037 
2038 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
2039 	group_size = (core_counts >> 48) & 0xFF;
2040 	if (ratio)
2041 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2042 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2043 
2044 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2045 	group_size = (core_counts >> 40) & 0xFF;
2046 	if (ratio)
2047 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2048 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2049 
2050 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
2051 	group_size = (core_counts >> 32) & 0xFF;
2052 	if (ratio)
2053 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2054 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2055 
2056 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
2057 	group_size = (core_counts >> 24) & 0xFF;
2058 	if (ratio)
2059 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2060 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2061 
2062 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
2063 	group_size = (core_counts >> 16) & 0xFF;
2064 	if (ratio)
2065 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2066 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2067 
2068 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2069 	group_size = (core_counts >> 8) & 0xFF;
2070 	if (ratio)
2071 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2072 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2073 
2074 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2075 	group_size = (core_counts >> 0) & 0xFF;
2076 	if (ratio)
2077 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2078 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2079 	return;
2080 }
2081 
2082 static void
2083 dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2084 {
2085 	unsigned long long msr;
2086 	unsigned int ratio;
2087 
2088 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS, &msr);
2089 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
2090 
2091 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2092 	if (ratio)
2093 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz minimum operating frequency\n",
2094 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2095 
2096 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
2097 	if (ratio)
2098 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz low frequency mode (LFM)\n",
2099 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2100 
2101 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
2102 	if (ratio)
2103 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
2104 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2105 
2106 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS, &msr);
2107 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
2108 
2109 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0x3F;
2110 	if (ratio)
2111 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
2112 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2113 
2114 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
2115 	if (ratio)
2116 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
2117 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2118 
2119 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
2120 	if (ratio)
2121 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
2122 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2123 
2124 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2125 	if (ratio)
2126 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 1 active core\n",
2127 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2128 }
2129 
2130 static void
2131 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2132 {
2133 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
2134 
2135 	unsigned long long msr;
2136 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
2137 	int i, b_nr;
2138 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
2139 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
2140 
2141 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2142 
2143 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
2144 		base_cpu, msr);
2145 
2146 	/**
2147 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
2148 	 * [0] -- Reserved
2149 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
2150 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
2151 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
2152 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
2153 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
2154 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
2155 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
2156 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
2157 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
2158 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
2159 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
2160 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
2161 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
2162 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
2163 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
2164 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
2165 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
2166 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
2167 	 */
2168 
2169 	b_nr = 0;
2170 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
2171 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2172 
2173 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
2174 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
2175 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
2176 
2177 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
2178 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
2179 		b_nr++;
2180 	}
2181 
2182 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2183 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
2184 			fprintf(outf,
2185 				"%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2186 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
2187 }
2188 
2189 static void
2190 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
2191 {
2192 	unsigned long long msr;
2193 
2194 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
2195 
2196 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2197 
2198 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked, pkg-cstate-limit=%d (%s)",
2199 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
2200 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
2201 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
2202 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
2203 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
2204 		(unsigned int)msr & 0xF,
2205 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
2206 
2207 #define AUTOMATIC_CSTATE_CONVERSION		(1UL << 16)
2208 	if (has_automatic_cstate_conversion) {
2209 		fprintf(outf, ", automatic c-state conversion=%s",
2210 			(msr & AUTOMATIC_CSTATE_CONVERSION) ? "on" : "off");
2211 	}
2212 
2213 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2214 
2215 	return;
2216 }
2217 
2218 static void
2219 dump_config_tdp(void)
2220 {
2221 	unsigned long long msr;
2222 
2223 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
2224 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2225 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
2226 
2227 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
2228 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2229 	if (msr) {
2230 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2231 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2232 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2233 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2234 	}
2235 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2236 
2237 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
2238 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2239 	if (msr) {
2240 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2241 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2242 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2243 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2244 	}
2245 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2246 
2247 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
2248 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2249 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
2250 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
2251 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2252 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2253 
2254 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
2255 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2256 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
2257 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2258 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2259 }
2260 
2261 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = {1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
2262 
2263 void print_irtl(void)
2264 {
2265 	unsigned long long msr;
2266 
2267 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
2268 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2269 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2270 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2271 
2272 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
2273 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2274 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2275 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2276 
2277 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
2278 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2279 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2280 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2281 
2282 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
2283 		return;
2284 
2285 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
2286 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2287 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2288 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2289 
2290 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
2291 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2292 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2293 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2294 
2295 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
2296 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2297 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2298 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2299 
2300 }
2301 void free_fd_percpu(void)
2302 {
2303 	int i;
2304 
2305 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num + 1; ++i) {
2306 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
2307 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
2308 	}
2309 
2310 	free(fd_percpu);
2311 }
2312 
2313 void free_all_buffers(void)
2314 {
2315 	int i;
2316 
2317 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
2318 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
2319 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
2320 
2321 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
2322 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
2323 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
2324 
2325 	free(thread_even);
2326 	free(core_even);
2327 	free(package_even);
2328 
2329 	thread_even = NULL;
2330 	core_even = NULL;
2331 	package_even = NULL;
2332 
2333 	free(thread_odd);
2334 	free(core_odd);
2335 	free(package_odd);
2336 
2337 	thread_odd = NULL;
2338 	core_odd = NULL;
2339 	package_odd = NULL;
2340 
2341 	free(output_buffer);
2342 	output_buffer = NULL;
2343 	outp = NULL;
2344 
2345 	free_fd_percpu();
2346 
2347 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
2348 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
2349 
2350 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
2351 		if (cpus[i].put_ids)
2352 			CPU_FREE(cpus[i].put_ids);
2353 	}
2354 	free(cpus);
2355 }
2356 
2357 
2358 /*
2359  * Parse a file containing a single int.
2360  */
2361 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
2362 {
2363 	va_list args;
2364 	char path[PATH_MAX];
2365 	FILE *filep;
2366 	int value;
2367 
2368 	va_start(args, fmt);
2369 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
2370 	va_end(args);
2371 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
2372 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
2373 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
2374 	fclose(filep);
2375 	return value;
2376 }
2377 
2378 /*
2379  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
2380  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
2381  */
2382 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
2383 {
2384 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
2385 }
2386 
2387 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
2388 {
2389 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
2390 }
2391 
2392 int get_core_id(int cpu)
2393 {
2394 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
2395 }
2396 
2397 void set_node_data(void)
2398 {
2399 	char path[80];
2400 	FILE *filep;
2401 	int pkg, node, cpu;
2402 
2403 	struct pkg_node_info {
2404 		int count;
2405 		int min;
2406 	} *pni;
2407 
2408 	pni = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_node_info));
2409 	if (!pni)
2410 		err(1, "calloc pkg_node_count");
2411 
2412 	for (pkg = 0; pkg < topo.num_packages; pkg++)
2413 		pni[pkg].min = topo.num_cpus;
2414 
2415 	for (node = 0; node <= topo.max_node_num; node++) {
2416 		/* find the "first" cpu in the node */
2417 		sprintf(path, "/sys/bus/node/devices/node%d/cpulist", node);
2418 		filep = fopen(path, "r");
2419 		if (!filep)
2420 			continue;
2421 		fscanf(filep, "%d", &cpu);
2422 		fclose(filep);
2423 
2424 		pkg = cpus[cpu].physical_package_id;
2425 		pni[pkg].count++;
2426 
2427 		if (node < pni[pkg].min)
2428 			pni[pkg].min = node;
2429 	}
2430 
2431 	for (pkg = 0; pkg < topo.num_packages; pkg++)
2432 		if (pni[pkg].count > topo.nodes_per_pkg)
2433 			topo.nodes_per_pkg = pni[0].count;
2434 
2435 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < topo.num_cpus; cpu++) {
2436 		pkg = cpus[cpu].physical_package_id;
2437 		node = cpus[cpu].physical_node_id;
2438 		cpus[cpu].logical_node_id = node - pni[pkg].min;
2439 	}
2440 	free(pni);
2441 
2442 }
2443 
2444 int get_physical_node_id(struct cpu_topology *thiscpu)
2445 {
2446 	char path[80];
2447 	FILE *filep;
2448 	int i;
2449 	int cpu = thiscpu->logical_cpu_id;
2450 
2451 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; i++) {
2452 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/node%i/cpulist",
2453 			cpu, i);
2454 		filep = fopen(path, "r");
2455 		if (!filep)
2456 			continue;
2457 		fclose(filep);
2458 		return i;
2459 	}
2460 	return -1;
2461 }
2462 
2463 int get_thread_siblings(struct cpu_topology *thiscpu)
2464 {
2465 	char path[80], character;
2466 	FILE *filep;
2467 	unsigned long map;
2468 	int so, shift, sib_core;
2469 	int cpu = thiscpu->logical_cpu_id;
2470 	int offset = topo.max_cpu_num + 1;
2471 	size_t size;
2472 	int thread_id = 0;
2473 
2474 	thiscpu->put_ids = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
2475 	if (thiscpu->thread_id < 0)
2476 		thiscpu->thread_id = thread_id++;
2477 	if (!thiscpu->put_ids)
2478 		return -1;
2479 
2480 	size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
2481 	CPU_ZERO_S(size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2482 
2483 	sprintf(path,
2484 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings", cpu);
2485 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
2486 	do {
2487 		offset -= BITMASK_SIZE;
2488 		fscanf(filep, "%lx%c", &map, &character);
2489 		for (shift = 0; shift < BITMASK_SIZE; shift++) {
2490 			if ((map >> shift) & 0x1) {
2491 				so = shift + offset;
2492 				sib_core = get_core_id(so);
2493 				if (sib_core == thiscpu->physical_core_id) {
2494 					CPU_SET_S(so, size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2495 					if ((so != cpu) &&
2496 					    (cpus[so].thread_id < 0))
2497 						cpus[so].thread_id =
2498 								    thread_id++;
2499 				}
2500 			}
2501 		}
2502 	} while (!strncmp(&character, ",", 1));
2503 	fclose(filep);
2504 
2505 	return CPU_COUNT_S(size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2506 }
2507 
2508 /*
2509  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
2510  * skip non-present cpus
2511  */
2512 
2513 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2514 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2515 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
2516 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
2517 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
2518 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
2519 {
2520 	int retval, pkg_no, node_no, core_no, thread_no;
2521 
2522 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
2523 		for (node_no = 0; node_no < topo.nodes_per_pkg; ++node_no) {
2524 			for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.cores_per_node;
2525 			     ++core_no) {
2526 				for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
2527 					topo.threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
2528 					struct thread_data *t, *t2;
2529 					struct core_data *c, *c2;
2530 					struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
2531 
2532 					t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no,
2533 						       core_no, node_no,
2534 						       pkg_no);
2535 
2536 					if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
2537 						continue;
2538 
2539 					t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no,
2540 							core_no, node_no,
2541 							pkg_no);
2542 
2543 					c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no,
2544 						     node_no, pkg_no);
2545 					c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no,
2546 						      node_no,
2547 						      pkg_no);
2548 
2549 					p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
2550 					p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
2551 
2552 					retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
2553 					if (retval)
2554 						return retval;
2555 				}
2556 			}
2557 		}
2558 	}
2559 	return 0;
2560 }
2561 
2562 /*
2563  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
2564  * return max_cpu number
2565  */
2566 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
2567 {
2568 	FILE *fp;
2569 	int cpu_num;
2570 	int retval;
2571 
2572 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
2573 
2574 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
2575 	if (retval != 0)
2576 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
2577 
2578 	while (1) {
2579 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
2580 		if (retval != 1)
2581 			break;
2582 
2583 		retval = func(cpu_num);
2584 		if (retval) {
2585 			fclose(fp);
2586 			return(retval);
2587 		}
2588 	}
2589 	fclose(fp);
2590 	return 0;
2591 }
2592 
2593 void re_initialize(void)
2594 {
2595 	free_all_buffers();
2596 	setup_all_buffers();
2597 	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
2598 }
2599 
2600 void set_max_cpu_num(void)
2601 {
2602 	FILE *filep;
2603 	unsigned long dummy;
2604 
2605 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
2606 	filep = fopen_or_die(
2607 			"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/topology/thread_siblings",
2608 			"r");
2609 	while (fscanf(filep, "%lx,", &dummy) == 1)
2610 		topo.max_cpu_num += BITMASK_SIZE;
2611 	fclose(filep);
2612 	topo.max_cpu_num--; /* 0 based */
2613 }
2614 
2615 /*
2616  * count_cpus()
2617  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
2618  */
2619 int count_cpus(int cpu)
2620 {
2621 	topo.num_cpus++;
2622 	return 0;
2623 }
2624 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
2625 {
2626 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
2627 	return 0;
2628 }
2629 
2630 int init_thread_id(int cpu)
2631 {
2632 	cpus[cpu].thread_id = -1;
2633 	return 0;
2634 }
2635 
2636 /*
2637  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
2638  *
2639  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
2640  *
2641  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2642  */
2643 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
2644 {
2645 	static FILE *fp;
2646 	int column, retval;
2647 
2648 	if (fp == NULL)
2649 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
2650 	else
2651 		rewind(fp);
2652 
2653 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
2654 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2655 		int cpu_number;
2656 
2657 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
2658 		if (retval != 1)
2659 			break;
2660 
2661 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
2662 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
2663 			return 1;
2664 		}
2665 
2666 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
2667 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
2668 	}
2669 
2670 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
2671 	while (1) {
2672 		int column;
2673 		char buf[64];
2674 
2675 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
2676 		if (retval != 1)
2677 			break;
2678 
2679 		/* read the count per cpu */
2680 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2681 
2682 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
2683 
2684 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
2685 			if (retval != 1)
2686 				break;
2687 
2688 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
2689 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
2690 
2691 		}
2692 
2693 		while (getc(fp) != '\n')
2694 			;	/* flush interrupt description */
2695 
2696 	}
2697 	return 0;
2698 }
2699 /*
2700  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
2701  *
2702  * record snapshot of
2703  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
2704  *
2705  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2706  */
2707 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
2708 {
2709 	FILE *fp;
2710 	int retval;
2711 
2712 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
2713 
2714 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
2715 	if (retval != 1)
2716 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
2717 
2718 	fclose(fp);
2719 
2720 	return 0;
2721 }
2722 /*
2723  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
2724  *
2725  * record snapshot of
2726  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
2727  *
2728  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2729  */
2730 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
2731 {
2732 	static FILE *fp;
2733 	int retval;
2734 
2735 	if (fp == NULL)
2736 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
2737 	else {
2738 		rewind(fp);
2739 		fflush(fp);
2740 	}
2741 
2742 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
2743 	if (retval != 1)
2744 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
2745 
2746 	return 0;
2747 }
2748 
2749 /*
2750  * snapshot_cpu_lpi()
2751  *
2752  * record snapshot of
2753  * /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us
2754  *
2755  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2756  */
2757 int snapshot_cpu_lpi_us(void)
2758 {
2759 	FILE *fp;
2760 	int retval;
2761 
2762 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us", "r");
2763 
2764 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us);
2765 	if (retval != 1)
2766 		err(1, "CPU LPI");
2767 
2768 	fclose(fp);
2769 
2770 	return 0;
2771 }
2772 /*
2773  * snapshot_sys_lpi()
2774  *
2775  * record snapshot of
2776  * /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_system_residency_us
2777  *
2778  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2779  */
2780 int snapshot_sys_lpi_us(void)
2781 {
2782 	FILE *fp;
2783 	int retval;
2784 
2785 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_system_residency_us", "r");
2786 
2787 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us);
2788 	if (retval != 1)
2789 		err(1, "SYS LPI");
2790 
2791 	fclose(fp);
2792 
2793 	return 0;
2794 }
2795 /*
2796  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
2797  *
2798  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
2799  */
2800 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
2801 {
2802 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
2803 		if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
2804 			return 1;
2805 
2806 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
2807 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
2808 
2809 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
2810 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
2811 
2812 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
2813 		snapshot_cpu_lpi_us();
2814 
2815 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
2816 		snapshot_sys_lpi_us();
2817 
2818 	return 0;
2819 }
2820 
2821 int exit_requested;
2822 
2823 static void signal_handler (int signal)
2824 {
2825 	switch (signal) {
2826 	case SIGINT:
2827 		exit_requested = 1;
2828 		if (debug)
2829 			fprintf(stderr, " SIGINT\n");
2830 		break;
2831 	case SIGUSR1:
2832 		if (debug > 1)
2833 			fprintf(stderr, "SIGUSR1\n");
2834 		break;
2835 	}
2836 	/* make sure this manually-invoked interval is at least 1ms long */
2837 	nanosleep(&one_msec, NULL);
2838 }
2839 
2840 void setup_signal_handler(void)
2841 {
2842 	struct sigaction sa;
2843 
2844 	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
2845 
2846 	sa.sa_handler = &signal_handler;
2847 
2848 	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2849 		err(1, "sigaction SIGINT");
2850 	if (sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2851 		err(1, "sigaction SIGUSR1");
2852 }
2853 
2854 void do_sleep(void)
2855 {
2856 	struct timeval select_timeout;
2857 	fd_set readfds;
2858 	int retval;
2859 
2860 	FD_ZERO(&readfds);
2861 	FD_SET(0, &readfds);
2862 
2863 	if (!isatty(fileno(stdin))) {
2864 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2865 		return;
2866 	}
2867 
2868 	select_timeout = interval_tv;
2869 	retval = select(1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &select_timeout);
2870 
2871 	if (retval == 1) {
2872 		switch (getc(stdin)) {
2873 		case 'q':
2874 			exit_requested = 1;
2875 			break;
2876 		}
2877 		/* make sure this manually-invoked interval is at least 1ms long */
2878 		nanosleep(&one_msec, NULL);
2879 	}
2880 }
2881 
2882 void turbostat_loop()
2883 {
2884 	int retval;
2885 	int restarted = 0;
2886 	int done_iters = 0;
2887 
2888 	setup_signal_handler();
2889 
2890 restart:
2891 	restarted++;
2892 
2893 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
2894 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2895 	if (retval < -1) {
2896 		exit(retval);
2897 	} else if (retval == -1) {
2898 		if (restarted > 1) {
2899 			exit(retval);
2900 		}
2901 		re_initialize();
2902 		goto restart;
2903 	}
2904 	restarted = 0;
2905 	done_iters = 0;
2906 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2907 
2908 	while (1) {
2909 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
2910 			re_initialize();
2911 			goto restart;
2912 		}
2913 		do_sleep();
2914 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2915 			goto restart;
2916 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
2917 		if (retval < -1) {
2918 			exit(retval);
2919 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2920 			re_initialize();
2921 			goto restart;
2922 		}
2923 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2924 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
2925 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) {
2926 			re_initialize();
2927 			goto restart;
2928 		}
2929 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2930 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2931 		flush_output_stdout();
2932 		if (exit_requested)
2933 			break;
2934 		if (num_iterations && ++done_iters >= num_iterations)
2935 			break;
2936 		do_sleep();
2937 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2938 			goto restart;
2939 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2940 		if (retval < -1) {
2941 			exit(retval);
2942 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2943 			re_initialize();
2944 			goto restart;
2945 		}
2946 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2947 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
2948 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) {
2949 			re_initialize();
2950 			goto restart;
2951 		}
2952 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
2953 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
2954 		flush_output_stdout();
2955 		if (exit_requested)
2956 			break;
2957 		if (num_iterations && ++done_iters >= num_iterations)
2958 			break;
2959 	}
2960 }
2961 
2962 void check_dev_msr()
2963 {
2964 	struct stat sb;
2965 	char pathname[32];
2966 
2967 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2968 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
2969  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
2970 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
2971 }
2972 
2973 void check_permissions()
2974 {
2975 	struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_header_data;
2976 	cap_user_header_t cap_header = &cap_header_data;
2977 	struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data_data;
2978 	cap_user_data_t cap_data = &cap_data_data;
2979 	extern int capget(cap_user_header_t hdrp, cap_user_data_t datap);
2980 	int do_exit = 0;
2981 	char pathname[32];
2982 
2983 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
2984 	cap_header->pid = getpid();
2985 	cap_header->version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION;
2986 	if (capget(cap_header, cap_data) < 0)
2987 		err(-6, "capget(2) failed");
2988 
2989 	if ((cap_data->effective & (1 << CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) == 0) {
2990 		do_exit++;
2991 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
2992 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
2993 	}
2994 
2995 	/* test file permissions */
2996 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2997 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
2998 		do_exit++;
2999 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
3000 	}
3001 
3002 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
3003 	if (do_exit)
3004 		if (getuid() != 0)
3005 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
3006 
3007 	if (do_exit)
3008 		exit(-6);
3009 }
3010 
3011 /*
3012  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
3013  *
3014  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
3015  *
3016  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
3017  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL     0x000000e2
3018  *
3019  * MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT               0x000001aa
3020  *
3021  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
3022  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
3023  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
3024  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
3025  *
3026  * Side effect:
3027  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL
3028  * sets has_misc_feature_control
3029  */
3030 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3031 {
3032 	unsigned long long msr;
3033 	unsigned int base_ratio;
3034 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
3035 
3036 	if (!genuine_intel)
3037 		return 0;
3038 
3039 	if (family != 6)
3040 		return 0;
3041 
3042 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
3043 
3044 	switch (model) {
3045 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EP:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
3046 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
3047 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
3048 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
3049 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EP:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
3050 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
3051 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
3052 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
3053 		break;
3054 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:	/* SNB */
3055 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:	/* SNB Xeon */
3056 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3057 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3058 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
3059 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3060 		break;
3061 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3062 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3063 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3064 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3065 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3066 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
3067 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3068 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3069 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3070 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3071 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3072 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3073 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_MOBILE:	/* CNL */
3074 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
3075 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3076 		break;
3077 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3078 		pkg_cstate_limits = skx_pkg_cstate_limits;
3079 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3080 		break;
3081 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
3082 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
3083 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
3084 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
3085 		break;
3086 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT:	/* AMT */
3087 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
3088 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
3089 		break;
3090 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI */
3091 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3092 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
3093 		break;
3094 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3095 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
3096 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3097 		pkg_cstate_limits = bxt_pkg_cstate_limits;
3098 		break;
3099 	default:
3100 		return 0;
3101 	}
3102 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
3103 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
3104 
3105 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
3106 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
3107 
3108 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
3109 	has_base_hz = 1;
3110 	return 1;
3111 }
3112 /*
3113  * SLV client has support for unique MSRs:
3114  *
3115  * MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3116  * MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3117  */
3118 
3119 int has_slv_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3120 {
3121 	if (!genuine_intel)
3122 		return 0;
3123 
3124 	switch (model) {
3125 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:
3126 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_MERRIFIELD:
3127 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_MOOREFIELD:
3128 		return 1;
3129 	}
3130 	return 0;
3131 }
3132 int is_dnv(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3133 {
3134 
3135 	if (!genuine_intel)
3136 		return 0;
3137 
3138 	switch (model) {
3139 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:
3140 		return 1;
3141 	}
3142 	return 0;
3143 }
3144 int is_bdx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3145 {
3146 
3147 	if (!genuine_intel)
3148 		return 0;
3149 
3150 	switch (model) {
3151 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:
3152 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:
3153 		return 1;
3154 	}
3155 	return 0;
3156 }
3157 int is_skx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3158 {
3159 
3160 	if (!genuine_intel)
3161 		return 0;
3162 
3163 	switch (model) {
3164 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
3165 		return 1;
3166 	}
3167 	return 0;
3168 }
3169 
3170 int has_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3171 {
3172 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3173 		return 0;
3174 
3175 	switch (model) {
3176 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
3177 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
3178 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
3179 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
3180 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3181 		return 0;
3182 	default:
3183 		return 1;
3184 	}
3185 }
3186 int has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3187 {
3188 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3189 		return 1;
3190 
3191 	return 0;
3192 }
3193 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3194 {
3195 	if (!genuine_intel)
3196 		return 0;
3197 
3198 	if (family != 6)
3199 		return 0;
3200 
3201 	switch (model) {
3202 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3203 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
3204 		return 1;
3205 	default:
3206 		return 0;
3207 	}
3208 }
3209 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3210 {
3211 	if (!genuine_intel)
3212 		return 0;
3213 
3214 	if (family != 6)
3215 		return 0;
3216 
3217 	switch (model) {
3218 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
3219 		return 1;
3220 	default:
3221 		return 0;
3222 	}
3223 }
3224 
3225 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3226 {
3227 	if (!genuine_intel)
3228 		return 0;
3229 
3230 	if (family != 6)
3231 		return 0;
3232 
3233 	switch (model) {
3234 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
3235 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3236 		return 1;
3237 	default:
3238 		return 0;
3239 	}
3240 }
3241 int has_glm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3242 {
3243 	if (!genuine_intel)
3244 		return 0;
3245 
3246 	if (family != 6)
3247 		return 0;
3248 
3249 	switch (model) {
3250 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
3251 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
3252 		return 1;
3253 	default:
3254 		return 0;
3255 	}
3256 }
3257 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3258 {
3259 	if (!genuine_intel)
3260 		return 0;
3261 
3262 	if (family != 6)
3263 		return 0;
3264 
3265 	switch (model) {
3266 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3267 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3268 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3269 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3270 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3271 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3272 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
3273 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3274 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3275 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3276 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3277 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3278 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3279 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_MOBILE:	/* CNL */
3280 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3281 
3282 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
3283 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3284 		return 1;
3285 	default:
3286 		return 0;
3287 	}
3288 }
3289 
3290 static void
3291 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3292 {
3293 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3294 		return;
3295 
3296 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
3297 
3298 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3299 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
3300 
3301 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3302 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
3303 
3304 	if (has_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3305 		dump_turbo_ratio_limits(family, model);
3306 
3307 	if (has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3308 		dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits();
3309 
3310 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3311 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
3312 
3313 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
3314 		dump_config_tdp();
3315 
3316 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
3317 }
3318 
3319 static void
3320 dump_sysfs_cstate_config(void)
3321 {
3322 	char path[64];
3323 	char name_buf[16];
3324 	char desc[64];
3325 	FILE *input;
3326 	int state;
3327 	char *sp;
3328 
3329 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_sysfs))
3330 		return;
3331 
3332 	for (state = 0; state < 10; ++state) {
3333 
3334 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
3335 			base_cpu, state);
3336 		input = fopen(path, "r");
3337 		if (input == NULL)
3338 			continue;
3339 		fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input);
3340 
3341 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
3342 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
3343 		if (!sp)
3344 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
3345 		*sp = '\0';
3346 
3347 		fclose(input);
3348 
3349 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/desc",
3350 			base_cpu, state);
3351 		input = fopen(path, "r");
3352 		if (input == NULL)
3353 			continue;
3354 		fgets(desc, sizeof(desc), input);
3355 
3356 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %s", base_cpu, name_buf, desc);
3357 		fclose(input);
3358 	}
3359 }
3360 static void
3361 dump_sysfs_pstate_config(void)
3362 {
3363 	char path[64];
3364 	char driver_buf[64];
3365 	char governor_buf[64];
3366 	FILE *input;
3367 	int turbo;
3368 
3369 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_driver",
3370 			base_cpu);
3371 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3372 	if (input == NULL) {
3373 		fprintf(stderr, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3374 		return;
3375 	}
3376 	fgets(driver_buf, sizeof(driver_buf), input);
3377 	fclose(input);
3378 
3379 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_governor",
3380 			base_cpu);
3381 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3382 	if (input == NULL) {
3383 		fprintf(stderr, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3384 		return;
3385 	}
3386 	fgets(governor_buf, sizeof(governor_buf), input);
3387 	fclose(input);
3388 
3389 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq driver: %s", base_cpu, driver_buf);
3390 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq governor: %s", base_cpu, governor_buf);
3391 
3392 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/boost");
3393 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3394 	if (input != NULL) {
3395 		fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo);
3396 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq boost: %d\n", turbo);
3397 		fclose(input);
3398 	}
3399 
3400 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo");
3401 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3402 	if (input != NULL) {
3403 		fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo);
3404 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq intel_pstate no_turbo: %d\n", turbo);
3405 		fclose(input);
3406 	}
3407 }
3408 
3409 
3410 /*
3411  * print_epb()
3412  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
3413  */
3414 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3415 {
3416 	unsigned long long msr;
3417 	char *epb_string;
3418 	int cpu;
3419 
3420 	if (!has_epb)
3421 		return 0;
3422 
3423 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3424 
3425 	/* EPB is per-package */
3426 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3427 		return 0;
3428 
3429 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3430 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3431 		return -1;
3432 	}
3433 
3434 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr))
3435 		return 0;
3436 
3437 	switch (msr & 0xF) {
3438 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
3439 		epb_string = "performance";
3440 		break;
3441 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
3442 		epb_string = "balanced";
3443 		break;
3444 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
3445 		epb_string = "powersave";
3446 		break;
3447 	default:
3448 		epb_string = "custom";
3449 		break;
3450 	}
3451 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x%08llx (%s)\n", cpu, msr, epb_string);
3452 
3453 	return 0;
3454 }
3455 /*
3456  * print_hwp()
3457  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
3458  */
3459 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3460 {
3461 	unsigned long long msr;
3462 	int cpu;
3463 
3464 	if (!has_hwp)
3465 		return 0;
3466 
3467 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3468 
3469 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
3470 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3471 		return 0;
3472 
3473 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3474 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3475 		return -1;
3476 	}
3477 
3478 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
3479 		return 0;
3480 
3481 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
3482 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
3483 
3484 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
3485 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
3486 		return 0;
3487 
3488 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
3489 		return 0;
3490 
3491 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
3492 			"(high %d guar %d eff %d low %d)\n",
3493 			cpu, msr,
3494 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
3495 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
3496 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
3497 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
3498 
3499 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
3500 		return 0;
3501 
3502 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
3503 			"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
3504 			cpu, msr,
3505 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
3506 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
3507 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
3508 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
3509 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
3510 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
3511 
3512 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
3513 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
3514 			return 0;
3515 
3516 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
3517 			"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
3518 			cpu, msr,
3519 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
3520 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
3521 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
3522 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
3523 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
3524 	}
3525 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
3526 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3527 			return 0;
3528 
3529 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
3530 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
3531 			cpu, msr,
3532 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
3533 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
3534 	}
3535 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
3536 		return 0;
3537 
3538 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
3539 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
3540 			cpu, msr,
3541 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
3542 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
3543 
3544 	return 0;
3545 }
3546 
3547 /*
3548  * print_perf_limit()
3549  */
3550 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3551 {
3552 	unsigned long long msr;
3553 	int cpu;
3554 
3555 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3556 
3557 	/* per-package */
3558 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3559 		return 0;
3560 
3561 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3562 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3563 		return -1;
3564 	}
3565 
3566 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
3567 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
3568 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
3569 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
3570 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
3571 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
3572 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
3573 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
3574 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
3575 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3576 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
3577 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
3578 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3579 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
3580 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3581 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
3582 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3583 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
3584 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
3585 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
3586 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
3587 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
3588 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
3589 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
3590 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3591 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
3592 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
3593 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3594 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
3595 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3596 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
3597 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3598 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
3599 
3600 	}
3601 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
3602 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
3603 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
3604 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
3605 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3606 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3607 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3608 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3609 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
3610 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
3611 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3612 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3613 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
3614 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3615 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3616 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3617 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3618 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
3619 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
3620 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3621 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3622 	}
3623 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
3624 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
3625 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
3626 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
3627 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3628 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3629 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3630 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
3631 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3632 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3633 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
3634 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3635 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3636 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3637 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
3638 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3639 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3640 	}
3641 	return 0;
3642 }
3643 
3644 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
3645 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
3646 
3647 double get_tdp(unsigned int model)
3648 {
3649 	unsigned long long msr;
3650 
3651 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
3652 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3653 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
3654 
3655 	switch (model) {
3656 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:
3657 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:
3658 		return 30.0;
3659 	default:
3660 		return 135.0;
3661 	}
3662 }
3663 
3664 /*
3665  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
3666  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
3667  */
3668 static double
3669 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
3670 {
3671 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
3672 
3673 	switch (model) {
3674 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3675 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3676 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3677 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3678 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3679 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
3680 	default:
3681 		return (rapl_energy_units);
3682 	}
3683 }
3684 
3685 
3686 /*
3687  * rapl_probe()
3688  *
3689  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
3690  */
3691 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3692 {
3693 	unsigned long long msr;
3694 	unsigned int time_unit;
3695 	double tdp;
3696 
3697 	if (!genuine_intel)
3698 		return;
3699 
3700 	if (family != 6)
3701 		return;
3702 
3703 	switch (model) {
3704 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
3705 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:
3706 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3707 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3708 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3709 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3710 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
3711 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3712 		if (rapl_joules) {
3713 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3714 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3715 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
3716 		} else {
3717 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3718 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3719 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
3720 		}
3721 		break;
3722 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3723 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
3724 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3725 		if (rapl_joules)
3726 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3727 		else
3728 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3729 		break;
3730 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3731 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3732 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3733 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3734 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_MOBILE:	/* CNL */
3735 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3736 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3737 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3738 		if (rapl_joules) {
3739 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3740 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3741 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3742 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
3743 		} else {
3744 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3745 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3746 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3747 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
3748 		}
3749 		break;
3750 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3751 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3752 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3753 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3754 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3755 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3756 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3757 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3758 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3759 		if (rapl_joules) {
3760 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3761 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3762 		} else {
3763 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3764 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3765 		}
3766 		break;
3767 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
3768 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:
3769 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3770 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3771 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3772 		if (rapl_joules) {
3773 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3774 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3775 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3776 		} else {
3777 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3778 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3779 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3780 		}
3781 		break;
3782 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
3783 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
3784 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
3785 		if (rapl_joules) {
3786 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3787 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3788 		} else {
3789 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3790 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3791 		}
3792 		break;
3793 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3794 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
3795 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3796 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3797 		if (rapl_joules) {
3798 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3799 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3800 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3801 		} else {
3802 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3803 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3804 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3805 		}
3806 		break;
3807 	default:
3808 		return;
3809 	}
3810 
3811 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
3812 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
3813 		return;
3814 
3815 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
3816 	if (model == INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1)
3817 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
3818 	else
3819 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
3820 
3821 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
3822 
3823 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
3824 	if (time_unit == 0)
3825 		time_unit = 0xA;
3826 
3827 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
3828 
3829 	tdp = get_tdp(model);
3830 
3831 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
3832 	if (!quiet)
3833 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
3834 
3835 	return;
3836 }
3837 
3838 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3839 {
3840 	if (!genuine_intel)
3841 		return;
3842 
3843 	if (family != 6)
3844 		return;
3845 
3846 	switch (model) {
3847 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3848 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3849 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3850 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3851 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3852 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3853 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3854 	default:
3855 		return;
3856 	}
3857 }
3858 
3859 void automatic_cstate_conversion_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3860 {
3861 	if (is_skx(family, model) || is_bdx(family, model))
3862 		has_automatic_cstate_conversion = 1;
3863 }
3864 
3865 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3866 {
3867 	unsigned long long msr;
3868 	unsigned int dts, dts2;
3869 	int cpu;
3870 
3871 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3872 		return 0;
3873 
3874 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3875 
3876 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
3877 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
3878 		return 0;
3879 
3880 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3881 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3882 		return -1;
3883 	}
3884 
3885 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
3886 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
3887 			return 0;
3888 
3889 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3890 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3891 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
3892 
3893 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3894 			return 0;
3895 
3896 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3897 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
3898 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
3899 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
3900 	}
3901 
3902 
3903 	if (do_dts && debug) {
3904 		unsigned int resolution;
3905 
3906 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
3907 			return 0;
3908 
3909 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3910 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
3911 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
3912 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
3913 
3914 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3915 			return 0;
3916 
3917 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3918 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
3919 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
3920 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
3921 	}
3922 
3923 	return 0;
3924 }
3925 
3926 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
3927 {
3928 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
3929 		cpu, label,
3930 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3931 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
3932 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
3933 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
3934 
3935 	return;
3936 }
3937 
3938 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3939 {
3940 	unsigned long long msr;
3941 	int cpu;
3942 
3943 	if (!do_rapl)
3944 		return 0;
3945 
3946 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
3947 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3948 		return 0;
3949 
3950 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3951 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3952 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3953 		return -1;
3954 	}
3955 
3956 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
3957 		return -1;
3958 
3959 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x%08llx (%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr,
3960 		rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
3961 
3962 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
3963 
3964 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3965                 	return -5;
3966 
3967 
3968 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
3969 			cpu, msr,
3970 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3971 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3972 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3973 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
3974 
3975 	}
3976 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
3977 
3978 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3979 			return -9;
3980 
3981 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3982 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
3983 
3984 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
3985 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
3986 			cpu,
3987 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3988 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
3989 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
3990 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3991 	}
3992 
3993 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
3994 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3995                 	return -6;
3996 
3997 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
3998 			cpu, msr,
3999 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4000 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4001 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4002 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
4003 	}
4004 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
4005 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4006 			return -9;
4007 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4008 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4009 
4010 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
4011 	}
4012 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
4013 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
4014 			return -7;
4015 
4016 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
4017 	}
4018 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT) {
4019 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4020 			return -9;
4021 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4022 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4023 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
4024 	}
4025 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
4026 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
4027 			return -8;
4028 
4029 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
4030 
4031 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4032 			return -9;
4033 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4034 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4035 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
4036 	}
4037 	return 0;
4038 }
4039 
4040 /*
4041  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
4042  *
4043  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
4044  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
4045  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
4046  */
4047 
4048 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4049 {
4050 	if (!genuine_intel)
4051 		return 0;
4052 
4053 	switch (model) {
4054 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
4055 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
4056 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
4057 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
4058 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
4059 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW */
4060 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
4061 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
4062 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
4063 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
4064 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4065 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
4066 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
4067 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
4068 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
4069 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
4070 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_MOBILE:	/* CNL */
4071 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4072 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4073 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
4074 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
4075 		return 1;
4076 	}
4077 	return 0;
4078 }
4079 
4080 /*
4081  * HSW adds support for additional MSRs:
4082  *
4083  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
4084  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
4085  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
4086  *
4087  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
4088  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
4089  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
4090  *
4091  */
4092 int has_hsw_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4093 {
4094 	if (!genuine_intel)
4095 		return 0;
4096 
4097 	switch (model) {
4098 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
4099 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
4100 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
4101 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
4102 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
4103 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
4104 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_MOBILE:	/* CNL */
4105 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4106 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
4107 		return 1;
4108 	}
4109 	return 0;
4110 }
4111 
4112 /*
4113  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
4114  *
4115  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
4116  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
4117  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
4118  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
4119  */
4120 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4121 {
4122 	if (!genuine_intel)
4123 		return 0;
4124 
4125 	switch (model) {
4126 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
4127 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
4128 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
4129 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
4130 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_MOBILE:	/* CNL */
4131 		return 1;
4132 	}
4133 	return 0;
4134 }
4135 
4136 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4137 {
4138 	if (!genuine_intel)
4139 		return 0;
4140 	switch (model) {
4141 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
4142 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
4143 		return 1;
4144 	}
4145 	return 0;
4146 }
4147 
4148 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4149 {
4150 	if (!genuine_intel)
4151 		return 0;
4152 	switch (model) {
4153 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4154 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
4155 		return 1;
4156 	}
4157 	return 0;
4158 }
4159 
4160 int is_cnl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4161 {
4162 	if (!genuine_intel)
4163 		return 0;
4164 
4165 	switch (model) {
4166 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_MOBILE: /* CNL */
4167 		return 1;
4168 	}
4169 
4170 	return 0;
4171 }
4172 
4173 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4174 {
4175 	if (is_knl(family, model))
4176 		return 1024;
4177 	return 1;
4178 }
4179 
4180 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
4181 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
4182 
4183 double slm_bclk(void)
4184 {
4185 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
4186 	unsigned int i;
4187 	double freq;
4188 
4189 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
4190 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
4191 
4192 	i = msr & 0xf;
4193 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
4194 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
4195 		i = 3;
4196 	}
4197 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
4198 
4199 	if (!quiet)
4200 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
4201 
4202 	return freq;
4203 }
4204 
4205 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4206 {
4207 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
4208 		return 100.00;
4209 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
4210 		return slm_bclk();
4211 	else
4212 		return 133.33;
4213 }
4214 
4215 /*
4216  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
4217  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
4218  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
4219  *
4220  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
4221  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
4222  *
4223  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
4224  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
4225  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
4226  */
4227 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4228 {
4229 	unsigned long long msr;
4230 	unsigned int target_c_local;
4231 	int cpu;
4232 
4233 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
4234 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
4235 		return 0;
4236 
4237 	/* this is a per-package concept */
4238 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4239 		return 0;
4240 
4241 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4242 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4243 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4244 		return -1;
4245 	}
4246 
4247 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
4248 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
4249 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n",
4250 			cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
4251 		return 0;
4252 	}
4253 
4254 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
4255 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
4256 		goto guess;
4257 
4258 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
4259 		goto guess;
4260 
4261 	target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
4262 
4263 	if (!quiet)
4264 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
4265 			cpu, msr, target_c_local);
4266 
4267 	if (!target_c_local)
4268 		goto guess;
4269 
4270 	tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local;
4271 
4272 	return 0;
4273 
4274 guess:
4275 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
4276 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n",
4277 		cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
4278 
4279 	return 0;
4280 }
4281 
4282 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
4283 {
4284 	unsigned long long msr;
4285 
4286 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
4287 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
4288 			base_cpu, msr,
4289 			msr & FEATURE_CONTROL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-",
4290 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
4291 }
4292 
4293 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
4294 {
4295 	unsigned long long msr;
4296 
4297 	if (!genuine_intel)
4298 		return;
4299 
4300 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
4301 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sTCC %sEIST %sMWAIT %sPREFETCH %sTURBO)\n",
4302 			base_cpu, msr,
4303 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TM1 ? "" : "No-",
4304 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP ? "" : "No-",
4305 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_MWAIT ? "" : "No-",
4306 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_PREFETCH_DISABLE ? "No-" : "",
4307 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TURBO_DISABLE ? "No-" : "");
4308 }
4309 
4310 void decode_misc_feature_control(void)
4311 {
4312 	unsigned long long msr;
4313 
4314 	if (!has_misc_feature_control)
4315 		return;
4316 
4317 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
4318 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sL2-Prefetch %sL2-Prefetch-pair %sL1-Prefetch %sL1-IP-Prefetch)\n",
4319 			base_cpu, msr,
4320 			msr & (0 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
4321 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
4322 			msr & (2 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
4323 			msr & (3 << 0) ? "No-" : "");
4324 }
4325 /*
4326  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
4327  *
4328  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
4329  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
4330  * bit[1] less so...
4331  */
4332 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
4333 {
4334 	unsigned long long msr;
4335 
4336 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
4337 		return;
4338 
4339 	if (no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT)
4340 		return;
4341 
4342 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
4343 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB %sable-OOB)\n",
4344 			base_cpu, msr,
4345 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
4346 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4347 			msr & (1 << 8) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4348 }
4349 /*
4350  * Decode MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
4351  *
4352  * This MSRs are present on Silvermont processors,
4353  * Intel Atom processor E3000 series (Baytrail), and friends.
4354  */
4355 void decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr(void)
4356 {
4357 	unsigned long long msr;
4358 
4359 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
4360 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-CC6-Demotion)\n",
4361 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4362 
4363 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
4364 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-MC6-Demotion)\n",
4365 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4366 }
4367 
4368 void process_cpuid()
4369 {
4370 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level, max_extended_level;
4371 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping;
4372 	unsigned int has_turbo;
4373 
4374 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
4375 
4376 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
4377 
4378 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && edx == 0x49656e69 && ecx == 0x6c65746e)
4379 		genuine_intel = 1;
4380 
4381 	if (!quiet)
4382 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
4383 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
4384 
4385 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
4386 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
4387 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
4388 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
4389 	if (family == 6 || family == 0xf)
4390 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
4391 
4392 	if (!quiet) {
4393 		fprintf(outf, "%d CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
4394 			max_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
4395 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
4396 			ecx & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
4397 			ecx & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
4398 			ecx & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
4399 			ecx & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
4400 			ecx & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
4401 			edx & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
4402 			edx & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
4403 			edx & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
4404 			edx & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
4405 	}
4406 
4407 	if (!(edx & (1 << 5)))
4408 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
4409 
4410 	/*
4411 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
4412 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
4413 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
4414 	 */
4415 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
4416 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
4417 
4418 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
4419 
4420 		/*
4421 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
4422 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
4423 		 */
4424 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4425 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
4426 	}
4427 
4428 	/*
4429 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
4430 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
4431 	 */
4432 
4433 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4434 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
4435 	if (has_aperf) {
4436 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Avg_MHz);
4437 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Busy);
4438 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Bzy_MHz);
4439 	}
4440 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
4441 	if (do_dts)
4442 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CoreTmp);
4443 	has_turbo = eax & (1 << 1);
4444 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
4445 	if (do_ptm)
4446 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgTmp);
4447 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
4448 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
4449 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
4450 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
4451 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
4452 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
4453 
4454 	if (!quiet)
4455 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sTURBO, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
4456 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
4457 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
4458 			has_turbo ? "" : "No-",
4459 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
4460 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
4461 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
4462 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
4463 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
4464 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
4465 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
4466 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
4467 
4468 	if (!quiet)
4469 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
4470 
4471 
4472 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && !quiet) {
4473 		int has_sgx;
4474 
4475 		ecx = 0;
4476 
4477 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4478 
4479 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
4480 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
4481 
4482 		if (has_sgx)
4483 			decode_feature_control_msr();
4484 	}
4485 
4486 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
4487 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
4488 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
4489 
4490 		/*
4491 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
4492 		 */
4493 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
4494 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
4495 
4496 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
4497 
4498 			if (!quiet && (ebx != 0))
4499 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
4500 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
4501 
4502 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
4503 				switch(model) {
4504 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
4505 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
4506 				case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
4507 				case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
4508 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
4509 					break;
4510 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
4511 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
4512 					break;
4513 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4514 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
4515 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
4516 					break;
4517 				default:
4518 					crystal_hz = 0;
4519 			}
4520 
4521 			if (crystal_hz) {
4522 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
4523 				if (!quiet)
4524 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
4525 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
4526 			}
4527 		}
4528 	}
4529 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
4530 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
4531 
4532 		/*
4533 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
4534 		 */
4535 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
4536 
4537 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
4538 		if (!quiet)
4539 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
4540 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
4541 	}
4542 
4543 	if (has_aperf)
4544 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
4545 
4546 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IRQ);
4547 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_TSC_MHz);
4548 
4549 	if (probe_nhm_msrs(family, model)) {
4550 		do_nhm_platform_info = 1;
4551 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
4552 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
4553 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c6);
4554 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SMI);
4555 	}
4556 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
4557 
4558 	if (do_snb_cstates)
4559 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4560 
4561 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
4562 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2))
4563 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
4564 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3)
4565 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4566 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6)
4567 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
4568 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7))
4569 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4570 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model)) {
4571 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
4572 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4573 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
4574 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4575 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Mod_c6);
4576 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
4577 	}
4578 	if (is_dnv(family, model)) {
4579 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
4580 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
4581 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4582 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4583 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4584 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
4585 	}
4586 	if (is_skx(family, model)) {
4587 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
4588 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4589 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4590 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4591 	}
4592 	if (is_bdx(family, model)) {
4593 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4594 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4595 	}
4596 	if (has_hsw_msrs(family, model)) {
4597 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc8);
4598 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc9);
4599 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc10);
4600 	}
4601 	do_irtl_hsw = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
4602 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model)) {
4603 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Totl_c0);
4604 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Any_c0);
4605 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_c0);
4606 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPUGFX);
4607 	}
4608 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
4609 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
4610 	do_cnl_cstates = is_cnl(family, model);
4611 
4612 	if (!quiet)
4613 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
4614 
4615 	if (!quiet && has_slv_msrs(family, model))
4616 		decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr();
4617 
4618 	rapl_probe(family, model);
4619 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
4620 	automatic_cstate_conversion_probe(family, model);
4621 
4622 	if (!quiet)
4623 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
4624 
4625 	if (!quiet)
4626 		dump_sysfs_cstate_config();
4627 	if (!quiet)
4628 		dump_sysfs_pstate_config();
4629 
4630 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
4631 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
4632 
4633 	if (!access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK))
4634 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_rc6);
4635 
4636 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK))
4637 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXMHz);
4638 
4639 	if (!access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us", R_OK))
4640 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
4641 	else
4642 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
4643 
4644 	if (!access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_system_residency_us", R_OK))
4645 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
4646 	else
4647 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
4648 
4649 	if (!quiet)
4650 		decode_misc_feature_control();
4651 
4652 	return;
4653 }
4654 
4655 
4656 /*
4657  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
4658  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
4659  */
4660 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
4661 {
4662 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
4663 		return 1;
4664 	else
4665 		return 0;
4666 }
4667 
4668 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
4669 {
4670 	return 0;
4671 }
4672 
4673 void topology_probe()
4674 {
4675 	int i;
4676 	int max_core_id = 0;
4677 	int max_package_id = 0;
4678 	int max_siblings = 0;
4679 
4680 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
4681 	set_max_cpu_num();
4682 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
4683 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
4684 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
4685 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU);
4686 
4687 	if (debug > 1)
4688 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
4689 
4690 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
4691 	if (cpus == NULL)
4692 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
4693 
4694 	/*
4695 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
4696 	 */
4697 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
4698 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
4699 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
4700 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
4701 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
4702 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
4703 
4704 	/*
4705 	 * Validate that all cpus in cpu_subset are also in cpu_present_set
4706 	 */
4707 	for (i = 0; i < CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS; ++i) {
4708 		if (CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset))
4709 			if (!CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set))
4710 				err(1, "cpu%d not present", i);
4711 	}
4712 
4713 	/*
4714 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
4715 	 */
4716 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
4717 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
4718 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
4719 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
4720 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
4721 
4722 	for_all_proc_cpus(init_thread_id);
4723 
4724 	/*
4725 	 * For online cpus
4726 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
4727 	 */
4728 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
4729 		int siblings;
4730 
4731 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
4732 			if (debug > 1)
4733 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
4734 			continue;
4735 		}
4736 
4737 		cpus[i].logical_cpu_id = i;
4738 
4739 		/* get package information */
4740 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
4741 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
4742 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
4743 
4744 		/* get numa node information */
4745 		cpus[i].physical_node_id = get_physical_node_id(&cpus[i]);
4746 		if (cpus[i].physical_node_id > topo.max_node_num)
4747 			topo.max_node_num = cpus[i].physical_node_id;
4748 
4749 		/* get core information */
4750 		cpus[i].physical_core_id = get_core_id(i);
4751 		if (cpus[i].physical_core_id > max_core_id)
4752 			max_core_id = cpus[i].physical_core_id;
4753 
4754 		/* get thread information */
4755 		siblings = get_thread_siblings(&cpus[i]);
4756 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
4757 			max_siblings = siblings;
4758 		if (cpus[i].thread_id != -1)
4759 			topo.num_cores++;
4760 
4761 		if (debug > 1)
4762 			fprintf(outf,
4763 				"cpu %d pkg %d node %d core %d thread %d\n",
4764 				i, cpus[i].physical_package_id,
4765 				cpus[i].physical_node_id,
4766 				cpus[i].physical_core_id,
4767 				cpus[i].thread_id);
4768 	}
4769 
4770 	topo.cores_per_node = max_core_id + 1;
4771 	if (debug > 1)
4772 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
4773 			max_core_id, topo.cores_per_node);
4774 	if (!summary_only && topo.cores_per_node > 1)
4775 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Core);
4776 
4777 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
4778 	if (debug > 1)
4779 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
4780 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
4781 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
4782 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Package);
4783 
4784 	set_node_data();
4785 	if (debug > 1)
4786 		fprintf(outf, "nodes_per_pkg %d\n", topo.nodes_per_pkg);
4787 	if (!summary_only && topo.nodes_per_pkg > 1)
4788 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Node);
4789 
4790 	topo.threads_per_core = max_siblings;
4791 	if (debug > 1)
4792 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
4793 }
4794 
4795 void
4796 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c,
4797 		  struct pkg_data **p)
4798 {
4799 	int i;
4800 	int num_cores = topo.cores_per_node * topo.nodes_per_pkg *
4801 			topo.num_packages;
4802 	int num_threads = topo.threads_per_core * num_cores;
4803 
4804 	*t = calloc(num_threads, sizeof(struct thread_data));
4805 	if (*t == NULL)
4806 		goto error;
4807 
4808 	for (i = 0; i < num_threads; i++)
4809 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
4810 
4811 	*c = calloc(num_cores, sizeof(struct core_data));
4812 	if (*c == NULL)
4813 		goto error;
4814 
4815 	for (i = 0; i < num_cores; i++)
4816 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
4817 
4818 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
4819 	if (*p == NULL)
4820 		goto error;
4821 
4822 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
4823 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
4824 
4825 	return;
4826 error:
4827 	err(1, "calloc counters");
4828 }
4829 /*
4830  * init_counter()
4831  *
4832  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
4833  */
4834 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
4835 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int cpu_id)
4836 {
4837 	int pkg_id = cpus[cpu_id].physical_package_id;
4838 	int node_id = cpus[cpu_id].logical_node_id;
4839 	int core_id = cpus[cpu_id].physical_core_id;
4840 	int thread_id = cpus[cpu_id].thread_id;
4841 	struct thread_data *t;
4842 	struct core_data *c;
4843 	struct pkg_data *p;
4844 
4845 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_id, core_id, node_id, pkg_id);
4846 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_id, node_id, pkg_id);
4847 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_id);
4848 
4849 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
4850 	if (thread_id == 0) {
4851 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
4852 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
4853 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
4854 	}
4855 
4856 	c->core_id = core_id;
4857 	p->package_id = pkg_id;
4858 }
4859 
4860 
4861 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
4862 {
4863 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
4864 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
4865 	return 0;
4866 }
4867 
4868 void allocate_output_buffer()
4869 {
4870 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 1024);
4871 	outp = output_buffer;
4872 	if (outp == NULL)
4873 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
4874 }
4875 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
4876 {
4877 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
4878 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
4879 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
4880 }
4881 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
4882 {
4883 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
4884 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
4885 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
4886 
4887 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
4888 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
4889 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num + 1);
4890 }
4891 void setup_all_buffers(void)
4892 {
4893 	topology_probe();
4894 	allocate_irq_buffers();
4895 	allocate_fd_percpu();
4896 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
4897 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
4898 	allocate_output_buffer();
4899 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
4900 }
4901 
4902 void set_base_cpu(void)
4903 {
4904 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
4905 	if (base_cpu < 0)
4906 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
4907 
4908 	if (debug > 1)
4909 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
4910 }
4911 
4912 void turbostat_init()
4913 {
4914 	setup_all_buffers();
4915 	set_base_cpu();
4916 	check_dev_msr();
4917 	check_permissions();
4918 	process_cpuid();
4919 
4920 
4921 	if (!quiet)
4922 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
4923 
4924 	if (!quiet)
4925 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
4926 
4927 	if (!quiet)
4928 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
4929 
4930 	if (!quiet)
4931 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
4932 
4933 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
4934 
4935 	if (!quiet)
4936 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
4937 
4938 	if (!quiet && do_irtl_snb)
4939 		print_irtl();
4940 }
4941 
4942 int fork_it(char **argv)
4943 {
4944 	pid_t child_pid;
4945 	int status;
4946 
4947 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
4948 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
4949 	if (status)
4950 		exit(status);
4951 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
4952 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
4953 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
4954 
4955 	child_pid = fork();
4956 	if (!child_pid) {
4957 		/* child */
4958 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
4959 		err(errno, "exec %s", argv[0]);
4960 	} else {
4961 
4962 		/* parent */
4963 		if (child_pid == -1)
4964 			err(1, "fork");
4965 
4966 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
4967 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
4968 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
4969 			err(status, "waitpid");
4970 	}
4971 	/*
4972 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
4973 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
4974 	 */
4975 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
4976 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4977 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
4978 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
4979 	if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS))
4980 		fprintf(outf, "%s: Counter reset detected\n", progname);
4981 	else {
4982 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
4983 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
4984 	}
4985 
4986 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
4987 
4988 	flush_output_stderr();
4989 
4990 	return status;
4991 }
4992 
4993 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
4994 {
4995 	int status;
4996 
4997 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
4998 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4999 	if (status)
5000 		return status;
5001 
5002 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
5003 	if (status)
5004 		return status;
5005 
5006 	flush_output_stdout();
5007 
5008 	return status;
5009 }
5010 
5011 void print_version() {
5012 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 18.06.01"
5013 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
5014 }
5015 
5016 int add_counter(unsigned int msr_num, char *path, char *name,
5017 	unsigned int width, enum counter_scope scope,
5018 	enum counter_type type, enum counter_format format, int flags)
5019 {
5020 	struct msr_counter *msrp;
5021 
5022 	msrp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct msr_counter));
5023 	if (msrp == NULL) {
5024 		perror("calloc");
5025 		exit(1);
5026 	}
5027 
5028 	msrp->msr_num = msr_num;
5029 	strncpy(msrp->name, name, NAME_BYTES);
5030 	if (path)
5031 		strncpy(msrp->path, path, PATH_BYTES);
5032 	msrp->width = width;
5033 	msrp->type = type;
5034 	msrp->format = format;
5035 	msrp->flags = flags;
5036 
5037 	switch (scope) {
5038 
5039 	case SCOPE_CPU:
5040 		msrp->next = sys.tp;
5041 		sys.tp = msrp;
5042 		sys.added_thread_counters++;
5043 		if (sys.added_thread_counters > MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS) {
5044 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added thread counters\n",
5045 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
5046 			exit(-1);
5047 		}
5048 		break;
5049 
5050 	case SCOPE_CORE:
5051 		msrp->next = sys.cp;
5052 		sys.cp = msrp;
5053 		sys.added_core_counters++;
5054 		if (sys.added_core_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
5055 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added core counters\n",
5056 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
5057 			exit(-1);
5058 		}
5059 		break;
5060 
5061 	case SCOPE_PACKAGE:
5062 		msrp->next = sys.pp;
5063 		sys.pp = msrp;
5064 		sys.added_package_counters++;
5065 		if (sys.added_package_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
5066 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added package counters\n",
5067 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
5068 			exit(-1);
5069 		}
5070 		break;
5071 	}
5072 
5073 	return 0;
5074 }
5075 
5076 void parse_add_command(char *add_command)
5077 {
5078 	int msr_num = 0;
5079 	char *path = NULL;
5080 	char name_buffer[NAME_BYTES] = "";
5081 	int width = 64;
5082 	int fail = 0;
5083 	enum counter_scope scope = SCOPE_CPU;
5084 	enum counter_type type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
5085 	enum counter_format format = FORMAT_DELTA;
5086 
5087 	while (add_command) {
5088 
5089 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr0x%x", &msr_num) == 1)
5090 			goto next;
5091 
5092 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr%d", &msr_num) == 1)
5093 			goto next;
5094 
5095 		if (*add_command == '/') {
5096 			path = add_command;
5097 			goto next;
5098 		}
5099 
5100 		if (sscanf(add_command, "u%d", &width) == 1) {
5101 			if ((width == 32) || (width == 64))
5102 				goto next;
5103 			width = 64;
5104 		}
5105 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cpu", strlen("cpu"))) {
5106 			scope = SCOPE_CPU;
5107 			goto next;
5108 		}
5109 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "core", strlen("core"))) {
5110 			scope = SCOPE_CORE;
5111 			goto next;
5112 		}
5113 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "package", strlen("package"))) {
5114 			scope = SCOPE_PACKAGE;
5115 			goto next;
5116 		}
5117 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cycles", strlen("cycles"))) {
5118 			type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
5119 			goto next;
5120 		}
5121 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "seconds", strlen("seconds"))) {
5122 			type = COUNTER_SECONDS;
5123 			goto next;
5124 		}
5125 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "usec", strlen("usec"))) {
5126 			type = COUNTER_USEC;
5127 			goto next;
5128 		}
5129 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "raw", strlen("raw"))) {
5130 			format = FORMAT_RAW;
5131 			goto next;
5132 		}
5133 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "delta", strlen("delta"))) {
5134 			format = FORMAT_DELTA;
5135 			goto next;
5136 		}
5137 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "percent", strlen("percent"))) {
5138 			format = FORMAT_PERCENT;
5139 			goto next;
5140 		}
5141 
5142 		if (sscanf(add_command, "%18s,%*s", name_buffer) == 1) {	/* 18 < NAME_BYTES */
5143 			char *eos;
5144 
5145 			eos = strchr(name_buffer, ',');
5146 			if (eos)
5147 				*eos = '\0';
5148 			goto next;
5149 		}
5150 
5151 next:
5152 		add_command = strchr(add_command, ',');
5153 		if (add_command) {
5154 			*add_command = '\0';
5155 			add_command++;
5156 		}
5157 
5158 	}
5159 	if ((msr_num == 0) && (path == NULL)) {
5160 		fprintf(stderr, "--add: (msrDDD | msr0xXXX | /path_to_counter ) required\n");
5161 		fail++;
5162 	}
5163 
5164 	/* generate default column header */
5165 	if (*name_buffer == '\0') {
5166 		if (width == 32)
5167 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0x%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
5168 		else
5169 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0X%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
5170 	}
5171 
5172 	if (add_counter(msr_num, path, name_buffer, width, scope, type, format, 0))
5173 		fail++;
5174 
5175 	if (fail) {
5176 		help();
5177 		exit(1);
5178 	}
5179 }
5180 
5181 int is_deferred_skip(char *name)
5182 {
5183 	int i;
5184 
5185 	for (i = 0; i < deferred_skip_index; ++i)
5186 		if (!strcmp(name, deferred_skip_names[i]))
5187 			return 1;
5188 	return 0;
5189 }
5190 
5191 void probe_sysfs(void)
5192 {
5193 	char path[64];
5194 	char name_buf[16];
5195 	FILE *input;
5196 	int state;
5197 	char *sp;
5198 
5199 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_sysfs))
5200 		return;
5201 
5202 	for (state = 10; state >= 0; --state) {
5203 
5204 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
5205 			base_cpu, state);
5206 		input = fopen(path, "r");
5207 		if (input == NULL)
5208 			continue;
5209 		fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input);
5210 
5211 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
5212 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
5213 		if (!sp)
5214 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
5215 		*sp = '%';
5216 		*(sp + 1) = '\0';
5217 
5218 		fclose(input);
5219 
5220 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/time", state);
5221 
5222 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
5223 			continue;
5224 
5225 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_USEC,
5226 				FORMAT_PERCENT, SYSFS_PERCPU);
5227 	}
5228 
5229 	for (state = 10; state >= 0; --state) {
5230 
5231 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
5232 			base_cpu, state);
5233 		input = fopen(path, "r");
5234 		if (input == NULL)
5235 			continue;
5236 		fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input);
5237 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
5238 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
5239 		if (!sp)
5240 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
5241 		*sp = '\0';
5242 		fclose(input);
5243 
5244 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/usage", state);
5245 
5246 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
5247 			continue;
5248 
5249 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_ITEMS,
5250 				FORMAT_DELTA, SYSFS_PERCPU);
5251 	}
5252 
5253 }
5254 
5255 
5256 /*
5257  * parse cpuset with following syntax
5258  * 1,2,4..6,8-10 and set bits in cpu_subset
5259  */
5260 void parse_cpu_command(char *optarg)
5261 {
5262 	unsigned int start, end;
5263 	char *next;
5264 
5265 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "core")) {
5266 		if (cpu_subset)
5267 			goto error;
5268 		show_core_only++;
5269 		return;
5270 	}
5271 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "package")) {
5272 		if (cpu_subset)
5273 			goto error;
5274 		show_pkg_only++;
5275 		return;
5276 	}
5277 	if (show_core_only || show_pkg_only)
5278 		goto error;
5279 
5280 	cpu_subset = CPU_ALLOC(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
5281 	if (cpu_subset == NULL)
5282 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
5283 	cpu_subset_size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
5284 
5285 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
5286 
5287 	next = optarg;
5288 
5289 	while (next && *next) {
5290 
5291 		if (*next == '-')	/* no negative cpu numbers */
5292 			goto error;
5293 
5294 		start = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
5295 
5296 		if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
5297 			goto error;
5298 		CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
5299 
5300 		if (*next == '\0')
5301 			break;
5302 
5303 		if (*next == ',') {
5304 			next += 1;
5305 			continue;
5306 		}
5307 
5308 		if (*next == '-') {
5309 			next += 1;	/* start range */
5310 		} else if (*next == '.') {
5311 			next += 1;
5312 			if (*next == '.')
5313 				next += 1;	/* start range */
5314 			else
5315 				goto error;
5316 		}
5317 
5318 		end = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
5319 		if (end <= start)
5320 			goto error;
5321 
5322 		while (++start <= end) {
5323 			if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
5324 				goto error;
5325 			CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
5326 		}
5327 
5328 		if (*next == ',')
5329 			next += 1;
5330 		else if (*next != '\0')
5331 			goto error;
5332 	}
5333 
5334 	return;
5335 
5336 error:
5337 	fprintf(stderr, "\"--cpu %s\" malformed\n", optarg);
5338 	help();
5339 	exit(-1);
5340 }
5341 
5342 
5343 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
5344 {
5345 	int opt;
5346 	int option_index = 0;
5347 	static struct option long_options[] = {
5348 		{"add",		required_argument,	0, 'a'},
5349 		{"cpu",		required_argument,	0, 'c'},
5350 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
5351 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},	/* internal, not documented */
5352 		{"enable",	required_argument,	0, 'e'},
5353 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
5354 		{"num_iterations",	required_argument,	0, 'n'},
5355 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
5356 		{"hide",	required_argument,	0, 'H'},	// meh, -h taken by --help
5357 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
5358 		{"list",	no_argument,		0, 'l'},
5359 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
5360 		{"quiet",	no_argument,		0, 'q'},
5361 		{"show",	required_argument,	0, 's'},
5362 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
5363 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
5364 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
5365 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
5366 	};
5367 
5368 	progname = argv[0];
5369 
5370 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Dde:hi:Jn:o:qST:v",
5371 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
5372 		switch (opt) {
5373 		case 'a':
5374 			parse_add_command(optarg);
5375 			break;
5376 		case 'c':
5377 			parse_cpu_command(optarg);
5378 			break;
5379 		case 'D':
5380 			dump_only++;
5381 			break;
5382 		case 'e':
5383 			/* --enable specified counter */
5384 			bic_enabled |= bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
5385 			break;
5386 		case 'd':
5387 			debug++;
5388 			ENABLE_BIC(BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
5389 			break;
5390 		case 'H':
5391 			/*
5392 			 * --hide: do not show those specified
5393 			 *  multiple invocations simply clear more bits in enabled mask
5394 			 */
5395 			bic_enabled &= ~bic_lookup(optarg, HIDE_LIST);
5396 			break;
5397 		case 'h':
5398 		default:
5399 			help();
5400 			exit(1);
5401 		case 'i':
5402 			{
5403 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
5404 
5405 				if (interval < 0.001) {
5406 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
5407 						interval);
5408 					exit(2);
5409 				}
5410 
5411 				interval_tv.tv_sec = interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
5412 				interval_tv.tv_usec = (interval - interval_tv.tv_sec) * 1000000;
5413 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
5414 			}
5415 			break;
5416 		case 'J':
5417 			rapl_joules++;
5418 			break;
5419 		case 'l':
5420 			ENABLE_BIC(BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
5421 			list_header_only++;
5422 			quiet++;
5423 			break;
5424 		case 'o':
5425 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
5426 			break;
5427 		case 'q':
5428 			quiet = 1;
5429 			break;
5430 		case 'n':
5431 			num_iterations = strtod(optarg, NULL);
5432 
5433 			if (num_iterations <= 0) {
5434 				fprintf(outf, "iterations %d should be positive number\n",
5435 					num_iterations);
5436 				exit(2);
5437 			}
5438 			break;
5439 		case 's':
5440 			/*
5441 			 * --show: show only those specified
5442 			 *  The 1st invocation will clear and replace the enabled mask
5443 			 *  subsequent invocations can add to it.
5444 			 */
5445 			if (shown == 0)
5446 				bic_enabled = bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
5447 			else
5448 				bic_enabled |= bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
5449 			shown = 1;
5450 			break;
5451 		case 'S':
5452 			summary_only++;
5453 			break;
5454 		case 'T':
5455 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
5456 			break;
5457 		case 'v':
5458 			print_version();
5459 			exit(0);
5460 			break;
5461 		}
5462 	}
5463 }
5464 
5465 int main(int argc, char **argv)
5466 {
5467 	outf = stderr;
5468 
5469 	cmdline(argc, argv);
5470 
5471 	if (!quiet)
5472 		print_version();
5473 
5474 	probe_sysfs();
5475 
5476 	turbostat_init();
5477 
5478 	/* dump counters and exit */
5479 	if (dump_only)
5480 		return get_and_dump_counters();
5481 
5482 	/* list header and exit */
5483 	if (list_header_only) {
5484 		print_header(",");
5485 		flush_output_stdout();
5486 		return 0;
5487 	}
5488 
5489 	/*
5490 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
5491 	 */
5492 	if (argc - optind)
5493 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
5494 	else
5495 		turbostat_loop();
5496 
5497 	return 0;
5498 }
5499