1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
4  * on modern Intel and AMD processors.
5  *
6  * Copyright (c) 2022 Intel Corporation.
7  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
8  */
9 
10 #define _GNU_SOURCE
11 #include MSRHEADER
12 #include INTEL_FAMILY_HEADER
13 #include <stdarg.h>
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <err.h>
16 #include <unistd.h>
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/wait.h>
19 #include <sys/stat.h>
20 #include <sys/select.h>
21 #include <sys/resource.h>
22 #include <fcntl.h>
23 #include <signal.h>
24 #include <sys/time.h>
25 #include <stdlib.h>
26 #include <getopt.h>
27 #include <dirent.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 #include <ctype.h>
30 #include <sched.h>
31 #include <time.h>
32 #include <cpuid.h>
33 #include <sys/capability.h>
34 #include <errno.h>
35 #include <math.h>
36 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
37 #include <asm/unistd.h>
38 #include <stdbool.h>
39 
40 #define UNUSED(x) (void)(x)
41 
42 /*
43  * This list matches the column headers, except
44  * 1. built-in only, the sysfs counters are not here -- we learn of those at run-time
45  * 2. Core and CPU are moved to the end, we can't have strings that contain them
46  *    matching on them for --show and --hide.
47  */
48 
49 /*
50  * buffer size used by sscanf() for added column names
51  * Usually truncated to 7 characters, but also handles 18 columns for raw 64-bit counters
52  */
53 #define	NAME_BYTES 20
54 #define PATH_BYTES 128
55 
56 enum counter_scope { SCOPE_CPU, SCOPE_CORE, SCOPE_PACKAGE };
57 enum counter_type { COUNTER_ITEMS, COUNTER_CYCLES, COUNTER_SECONDS, COUNTER_USEC };
58 enum counter_format { FORMAT_RAW, FORMAT_DELTA, FORMAT_PERCENT };
59 
60 struct msr_counter {
61 	unsigned int msr_num;
62 	char name[NAME_BYTES];
63 	char path[PATH_BYTES];
64 	unsigned int width;
65 	enum counter_type type;
66 	enum counter_format format;
67 	struct msr_counter *next;
68 	unsigned int flags;
69 #define	FLAGS_HIDE	(1 << 0)
70 #define	FLAGS_SHOW	(1 << 1)
71 #define	SYSFS_PERCPU	(1 << 1)
72 };
73 
74 struct msr_counter bic[] = {
75 	{ 0x0, "usec", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
76 	{ 0x0, "Time_Of_Day_Seconds", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
77 	{ 0x0, "Package", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
78 	{ 0x0, "Node", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
79 	{ 0x0, "Avg_MHz", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
80 	{ 0x0, "Busy%", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
81 	{ 0x0, "Bzy_MHz", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
82 	{ 0x0, "TSC_MHz", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
83 	{ 0x0, "IRQ", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
84 	{ 0x0, "SMI", "", 32, 0, FORMAT_DELTA, NULL, 0 },
85 	{ 0x0, "sysfs", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
86 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c1", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
87 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c3", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
88 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c6", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
89 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c7", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
90 	{ 0x0, "ThreadC", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
91 	{ 0x0, "CoreTmp", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
92 	{ 0x0, "CoreCnt", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
93 	{ 0x0, "PkgTmp", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
94 	{ 0x0, "GFX%rc6", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
95 	{ 0x0, "GFXMHz", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
96 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc2", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
97 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc3", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
98 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc6", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
99 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc7", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
100 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc8", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
101 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc9", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
102 	{ 0x0, "Pk%pc10", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
103 	{ 0x0, "CPU%LPI", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
104 	{ 0x0, "SYS%LPI", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
105 	{ 0x0, "PkgWatt", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
106 	{ 0x0, "CorWatt", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
107 	{ 0x0, "GFXWatt", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
108 	{ 0x0, "PkgCnt", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
109 	{ 0x0, "RAMWatt", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
110 	{ 0x0, "PKG_%", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
111 	{ 0x0, "RAM_%", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
112 	{ 0x0, "Pkg_J", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
113 	{ 0x0, "Cor_J", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
114 	{ 0x0, "GFX_J", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
115 	{ 0x0, "RAM_J", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
116 	{ 0x0, "Mod%c6", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
117 	{ 0x0, "Totl%C0", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
118 	{ 0x0, "Any%C0", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
119 	{ 0x0, "GFX%C0", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
120 	{ 0x0, "CPUGFX%", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
121 	{ 0x0, "Core", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
122 	{ 0x0, "CPU", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
123 	{ 0x0, "APIC", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
124 	{ 0x0, "X2APIC", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
125 	{ 0x0, "Die", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
126 	{ 0x0, "GFXAMHz", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
127 	{ 0x0, "IPC", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
128 	{ 0x0, "CoreThr", "", 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
129 };
130 
131 #define MAX_BIC (sizeof(bic) / sizeof(struct msr_counter))
132 #define	BIC_USEC	(1ULL << 0)
133 #define	BIC_TOD		(1ULL << 1)
134 #define	BIC_Package	(1ULL << 2)
135 #define	BIC_Node	(1ULL << 3)
136 #define	BIC_Avg_MHz	(1ULL << 4)
137 #define	BIC_Busy	(1ULL << 5)
138 #define	BIC_Bzy_MHz	(1ULL << 6)
139 #define	BIC_TSC_MHz	(1ULL << 7)
140 #define	BIC_IRQ		(1ULL << 8)
141 #define	BIC_SMI		(1ULL << 9)
142 #define	BIC_sysfs	(1ULL << 10)
143 #define	BIC_CPU_c1	(1ULL << 11)
144 #define	BIC_CPU_c3	(1ULL << 12)
145 #define	BIC_CPU_c6	(1ULL << 13)
146 #define	BIC_CPU_c7	(1ULL << 14)
147 #define	BIC_ThreadC	(1ULL << 15)
148 #define	BIC_CoreTmp	(1ULL << 16)
149 #define	BIC_CoreCnt	(1ULL << 17)
150 #define	BIC_PkgTmp	(1ULL << 18)
151 #define	BIC_GFX_rc6	(1ULL << 19)
152 #define	BIC_GFXMHz	(1ULL << 20)
153 #define	BIC_Pkgpc2	(1ULL << 21)
154 #define	BIC_Pkgpc3	(1ULL << 22)
155 #define	BIC_Pkgpc6	(1ULL << 23)
156 #define	BIC_Pkgpc7	(1ULL << 24)
157 #define	BIC_Pkgpc8	(1ULL << 25)
158 #define	BIC_Pkgpc9	(1ULL << 26)
159 #define	BIC_Pkgpc10	(1ULL << 27)
160 #define BIC_CPU_LPI	(1ULL << 28)
161 #define BIC_SYS_LPI	(1ULL << 29)
162 #define	BIC_PkgWatt	(1ULL << 30)
163 #define	BIC_CorWatt	(1ULL << 31)
164 #define	BIC_GFXWatt	(1ULL << 32)
165 #define	BIC_PkgCnt	(1ULL << 33)
166 #define	BIC_RAMWatt	(1ULL << 34)
167 #define	BIC_PKG__	(1ULL << 35)
168 #define	BIC_RAM__	(1ULL << 36)
169 #define	BIC_Pkg_J	(1ULL << 37)
170 #define	BIC_Cor_J	(1ULL << 38)
171 #define	BIC_GFX_J	(1ULL << 39)
172 #define	BIC_RAM_J	(1ULL << 40)
173 #define	BIC_Mod_c6	(1ULL << 41)
174 #define	BIC_Totl_c0	(1ULL << 42)
175 #define	BIC_Any_c0	(1ULL << 43)
176 #define	BIC_GFX_c0	(1ULL << 44)
177 #define	BIC_CPUGFX	(1ULL << 45)
178 #define	BIC_Core	(1ULL << 46)
179 #define	BIC_CPU		(1ULL << 47)
180 #define	BIC_APIC	(1ULL << 48)
181 #define	BIC_X2APIC	(1ULL << 49)
182 #define	BIC_Die		(1ULL << 50)
183 #define	BIC_GFXACTMHz	(1ULL << 51)
184 #define	BIC_IPC		(1ULL << 52)
185 #define	BIC_CORE_THROT_CNT	(1ULL << 53)
186 
187 #define BIC_TOPOLOGY (BIC_Package | BIC_Node | BIC_CoreCnt | BIC_PkgCnt | BIC_Core | BIC_CPU | BIC_Die )
188 #define BIC_THERMAL_PWR ( BIC_CoreTmp | BIC_PkgTmp | BIC_PkgWatt | BIC_CorWatt | BIC_GFXWatt | BIC_RAMWatt | BIC_PKG__ | BIC_RAM__)
189 #define BIC_FREQUENCY ( BIC_Avg_MHz | BIC_Busy | BIC_Bzy_MHz | BIC_TSC_MHz | BIC_GFXMHz | BIC_GFXACTMHz )
190 #define BIC_IDLE ( BIC_sysfs | BIC_CPU_c1 | BIC_CPU_c3 | BIC_CPU_c6 | BIC_CPU_c7 | BIC_GFX_rc6 | BIC_Pkgpc2 | BIC_Pkgpc3 | BIC_Pkgpc6 | BIC_Pkgpc7 | BIC_Pkgpc8 | BIC_Pkgpc9 | BIC_Pkgpc10 | BIC_CPU_LPI | BIC_SYS_LPI | BIC_Mod_c6 | BIC_Totl_c0 | BIC_Any_c0 | BIC_GFX_c0 | BIC_CPUGFX)
191 #define BIC_OTHER ( BIC_IRQ | BIC_SMI | BIC_ThreadC | BIC_CoreTmp | BIC_IPC)
192 
193 #define BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT	(BIC_USEC | BIC_TOD | BIC_APIC | BIC_X2APIC)
194 
195 unsigned long long bic_enabled = (0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL & ~BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
196 unsigned long long bic_present = BIC_USEC | BIC_TOD | BIC_sysfs | BIC_APIC | BIC_X2APIC;
197 
198 #define DO_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled & bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
199 #define DO_BIC_READ(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
200 #define ENABLE_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled |= COUNTER_NAME)
201 #define BIC_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present |= COUNTER_BIT)
202 #define BIC_NOT_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present &= ~COUNTER_BIT)
203 #define BIC_IS_ENABLED(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_enabled & COUNTER_BIT)
204 
205 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
206 FILE *outf;
207 int *fd_percpu;
208 int *fd_instr_count_percpu;
209 struct timeval interval_tv = { 5, 0 };
210 struct timespec interval_ts = { 5, 0 };
211 
212 /* Save original CPU model */
213 unsigned int model_orig;
214 
215 unsigned int num_iterations;
216 unsigned int header_iterations;
217 unsigned int debug;
218 unsigned int quiet;
219 unsigned int shown;
220 unsigned int sums_need_wide_columns;
221 unsigned int rapl_joules;
222 unsigned int summary_only;
223 unsigned int list_header_only;
224 unsigned int dump_only;
225 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
226 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
227 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
228 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
229 unsigned int has_aperf;
230 unsigned int has_epb;
231 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
232 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
233 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
234 unsigned int genuine_intel;
235 unsigned int authentic_amd;
236 unsigned int hygon_genuine;
237 unsigned int max_level, max_extended_level;
238 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
239 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
240 unsigned int no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT;
241 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
242 double bclk;
243 double base_hz;
244 unsigned int has_base_hz;
245 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
246 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
247 unsigned int show_core_only;
248 char *output_buffer, *outp;
249 unsigned int do_rapl;
250 unsigned int do_dts;
251 unsigned int do_ptm;
252 unsigned int do_ipc;
253 unsigned long long gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
254 unsigned long long cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us;
255 unsigned long long cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us;
256 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
257 unsigned int gfx_act_mhz;
258 unsigned int tj_max;
259 unsigned int tj_max_override;
260 int tcc_offset_bits;
261 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
262 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
263 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
264 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
265 unsigned int has_automatic_cstate_conversion;
266 unsigned int dis_cstate_prewake;
267 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
268 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
269 unsigned int crystal_hz;
270 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
271 int base_cpu;
272 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
273 unsigned int has_hwp;		/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
274 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
275 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;	/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
276 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
277 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
278 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
279 unsigned int has_misc_feature_control;
280 unsigned int first_counter_read = 1;
281 int ignore_stdin;
282 
283 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
284 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
285 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
286 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
287 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
288 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
289 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
290 
291 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
292 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
293 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
294 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
295 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
296 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
297 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
298 
299 #define RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT	(1 << 6)
300 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
301 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
302 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
303 
304 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
305 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
306 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
307 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
308 
309 #define RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS	(1 << 9)
310 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
311 #define RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY	(1 << 10)
312 					/* Indicates cores energy collection is per-core,
313 					 * not per-package. */
314 #define RAPL_AMD_F17H		(1 << 11)
315 					/* 0xc0010299 MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT */
316 					/* 0xc001029a MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT */
317 					/* 0xc001029b MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT */
318 #define RAPL_CORES (RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS | RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT)
319 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
320 
321 /* MSRs that are not yet in the kernel-provided header. */
322 #define MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT	0xc0010299
323 #define MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT	0xc001029a
324 #define MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT	0xc001029b
325 
326 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
327 
328 int backwards_count;
329 char *progname;
330 
331 #define CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS	1024	/* need to use before probe... */
332 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set, *cpu_subset;
333 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_subset_size;
334 #define MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS 8
335 #define MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS 24
336 #define BITMASK_SIZE 32
337 
338 struct thread_data {
339 	struct timeval tv_begin;
340 	struct timeval tv_end;
341 	struct timeval tv_delta;
342 	unsigned long long tsc;
343 	unsigned long long aperf;
344 	unsigned long long mperf;
345 	unsigned long long c1;
346 	unsigned long long instr_count;
347 	unsigned long long irq_count;
348 	unsigned int smi_count;
349 	unsigned int cpu_id;
350 	unsigned int apic_id;
351 	unsigned int x2apic_id;
352 	unsigned int flags;
353 	bool is_atom;
354 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
355 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
356 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS];
357 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
358 
359 struct core_data {
360 	unsigned long long c3;
361 	unsigned long long c6;
362 	unsigned long long c7;
363 	unsigned long long mc6_us;	/* duplicate as per-core for now, even though per module */
364 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
365 	unsigned int core_energy;	/* MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT */
366 	unsigned int core_id;
367 	unsigned long long core_throt_cnt;
368 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
369 } *core_even, *core_odd;
370 
371 struct pkg_data {
372 	unsigned long long pc2;
373 	unsigned long long pc3;
374 	unsigned long long pc6;
375 	unsigned long long pc7;
376 	unsigned long long pc8;
377 	unsigned long long pc9;
378 	unsigned long long pc10;
379 	unsigned long long cpu_lpi;
380 	unsigned long long sys_lpi;
381 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
382 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
383 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
384 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
385 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
386 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
387 	unsigned int gfx_act_mhz;
388 	unsigned int package_id;
389 	unsigned long long energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
390 	unsigned long long energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
391 	unsigned long long energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
392 	unsigned long long energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
393 	unsigned long long rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
394 	unsigned long long rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
395 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
396 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
397 } *package_even, *package_odd;
398 
399 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
400 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
401 
402 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no)	      \
403 	((thread_base) +						      \
404 	 ((pkg_no) *							      \
405 	  topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.cores_per_node * topo.threads_per_core) + \
406 	 ((node_no) * topo.cores_per_node * topo.threads_per_core) +	      \
407 	 ((core_no) * topo.threads_per_core) +				      \
408 	 (thread_no))
409 
410 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, node_no, pkg_no)			\
411 	((core_base) +							\
412 	 ((pkg_no) *  topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.cores_per_node) +	\
413 	 ((node_no) * topo.cores_per_node) +				\
414 	 (core_no))
415 
416 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
417 
418 /*
419  * The accumulated sum of MSR is defined as a monotonic
420  * increasing MSR, it will be accumulated periodically,
421  * despite its register's bit width.
422  */
423 enum {
424 	IDX_PKG_ENERGY,
425 	IDX_DRAM_ENERGY,
426 	IDX_PP0_ENERGY,
427 	IDX_PP1_ENERGY,
428 	IDX_PKG_PERF,
429 	IDX_DRAM_PERF,
430 	IDX_COUNT,
431 };
432 
433 int get_msr_sum(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr);
434 
435 struct msr_sum_array {
436 	/* get_msr_sum() = sum + (get_msr() - last) */
437 	struct {
438 		/*The accumulated MSR value is updated by the timer */
439 		unsigned long long sum;
440 		/*The MSR footprint recorded in last timer */
441 		unsigned long long last;
442 	} entries[IDX_COUNT];
443 };
444 
445 /* The percpu MSR sum array.*/
446 struct msr_sum_array *per_cpu_msr_sum;
447 
448 off_t idx_to_offset(int idx)
449 {
450 	off_t offset;
451 
452 	switch (idx) {
453 	case IDX_PKG_ENERGY:
454 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H)
455 			offset = MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT;
456 		else
457 			offset = MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS;
458 		break;
459 	case IDX_DRAM_ENERGY:
460 		offset = MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS;
461 		break;
462 	case IDX_PP0_ENERGY:
463 		offset = MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS;
464 		break;
465 	case IDX_PP1_ENERGY:
466 		offset = MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS;
467 		break;
468 	case IDX_PKG_PERF:
469 		offset = MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS;
470 		break;
471 	case IDX_DRAM_PERF:
472 		offset = MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS;
473 		break;
474 	default:
475 		offset = -1;
476 	}
477 	return offset;
478 }
479 
480 int offset_to_idx(off_t offset)
481 {
482 	int idx;
483 
484 	switch (offset) {
485 	case MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS:
486 	case MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT:
487 		idx = IDX_PKG_ENERGY;
488 		break;
489 	case MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS:
490 		idx = IDX_DRAM_ENERGY;
491 		break;
492 	case MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS:
493 		idx = IDX_PP0_ENERGY;
494 		break;
495 	case MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS:
496 		idx = IDX_PP1_ENERGY;
497 		break;
498 	case MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS:
499 		idx = IDX_PKG_PERF;
500 		break;
501 	case MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS:
502 		idx = IDX_DRAM_PERF;
503 		break;
504 	default:
505 		idx = -1;
506 	}
507 	return idx;
508 }
509 
510 int idx_valid(int idx)
511 {
512 	switch (idx) {
513 	case IDX_PKG_ENERGY:
514 		return do_rapl & (RAPL_PKG | RAPL_AMD_F17H);
515 	case IDX_DRAM_ENERGY:
516 		return do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM;
517 	case IDX_PP0_ENERGY:
518 		return do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
519 	case IDX_PP1_ENERGY:
520 		return do_rapl & RAPL_GFX;
521 	case IDX_PKG_PERF:
522 		return do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS;
523 	case IDX_DRAM_PERF:
524 		return do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS;
525 	default:
526 		return 0;
527 	}
528 }
529 
530 struct sys_counters {
531 	unsigned int added_thread_counters;
532 	unsigned int added_core_counters;
533 	unsigned int added_package_counters;
534 	struct msr_counter *tp;
535 	struct msr_counter *cp;
536 	struct msr_counter *pp;
537 } sys;
538 
539 struct system_summary {
540 	struct thread_data threads;
541 	struct core_data cores;
542 	struct pkg_data packages;
543 } average;
544 
545 struct cpu_topology {
546 	int physical_package_id;
547 	int die_id;
548 	int logical_cpu_id;
549 	int physical_node_id;
550 	int logical_node_id;	/* 0-based count within the package */
551 	int physical_core_id;
552 	int thread_id;
553 	cpu_set_t *put_ids;	/* Processing Unit/Thread IDs */
554 } *cpus;
555 
556 struct topo_params {
557 	int num_packages;
558 	int num_die;
559 	int num_cpus;
560 	int num_cores;
561 	int max_cpu_num;
562 	int max_node_num;
563 	int nodes_per_pkg;
564 	int cores_per_node;
565 	int threads_per_core;
566 } topo;
567 
568 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
569 
570 int *irq_column_2_cpu;		/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
571 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
572 
573 void setup_all_buffers(void);
574 
575 char *sys_lpi_file;
576 char *sys_lpi_file_sysfs = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_system_residency_us";
577 char *sys_lpi_file_debugfs = "/sys/kernel/debug/pmc_core/slp_s0_residency_usec";
578 
579 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
580 {
581 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
582 }
583 
584 /*
585  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
586  * skip non-present cpus
587  */
588 
589 int for_all_cpus(int (func) (struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
590 		 struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
591 {
592 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no, node_no;
593 
594 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
595 		for (node_no = 0; node_no < topo.nodes_per_pkg; node_no++) {
596 			for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.cores_per_node; ++core_no) {
597 				for (thread_no = 0; thread_no < topo.threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
598 					struct thread_data *t;
599 					struct core_data *c;
600 					struct pkg_data *p;
601 
602 					t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
603 
604 					if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
605 						continue;
606 
607 					c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
608 					p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
609 
610 					retval = func(t, c, p);
611 					if (retval)
612 						return retval;
613 				}
614 			}
615 		}
616 	}
617 	return 0;
618 }
619 
620 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
621 {
622 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
623 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
624 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
625 		return -1;
626 	else
627 		return 0;
628 }
629 
630 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
631 {
632 	char pathname[32];
633 	int fd;
634 
635 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
636 
637 	if (fd)
638 		return fd;
639 
640 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
641 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
642 	if (fd < 0)
643 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
644 
645 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
646 
647 	return fd;
648 }
649 
650 static long perf_event_open(struct perf_event_attr *hw_event, pid_t pid, int cpu, int group_fd, unsigned long flags)
651 {
652 	return syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, hw_event, pid, cpu, group_fd, flags);
653 }
654 
655 static int perf_instr_count_open(int cpu_num)
656 {
657 	struct perf_event_attr pea;
658 	int fd;
659 
660 	memset(&pea, 0, sizeof(struct perf_event_attr));
661 	pea.type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE;
662 	pea.size = sizeof(struct perf_event_attr);
663 	pea.config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS;
664 
665 	/* counter for cpu_num, including user + kernel and all processes */
666 	fd = perf_event_open(&pea, -1, cpu_num, -1, 0);
667 	if (fd == -1) {
668 		warn("cpu%d: perf instruction counter", cpu_num);
669 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_IPC);
670 	}
671 
672 	return fd;
673 }
674 
675 int get_instr_count_fd(int cpu)
676 {
677 	if (fd_instr_count_percpu[cpu])
678 		return fd_instr_count_percpu[cpu];
679 
680 	fd_instr_count_percpu[cpu] = perf_instr_count_open(cpu);
681 
682 	return fd_instr_count_percpu[cpu];
683 }
684 
685 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
686 {
687 	ssize_t retval;
688 
689 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
690 
691 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
692 		err(-1, "cpu%d: msr offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
693 
694 	return 0;
695 }
696 
697 #define MAX_DEFERRED 16
698 char *deferred_add_names[MAX_DEFERRED];
699 char *deferred_skip_names[MAX_DEFERRED];
700 int deferred_add_index;
701 int deferred_skip_index;
702 
703 /*
704  * HIDE_LIST - hide this list of counters, show the rest [default]
705  * SHOW_LIST - show this list of counters, hide the rest
706  */
707 enum show_hide_mode { SHOW_LIST, HIDE_LIST } global_show_hide_mode = HIDE_LIST;
708 
709 void help(void)
710 {
711 	fprintf(outf,
712 		"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
713 		"\n"
714 		"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
715 		"when COMMAND completes.\n"
716 		"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
717 		"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
718 		"  -a, --add	add a counter\n"
719 		"		  eg. --add msr0x10,u64,cpu,delta,MY_TSC\n"
720 		"  -c, --cpu	cpu-set	limit output to summary plus cpu-set:\n"
721 		"		  {core | package | j,k,l..m,n-p }\n"
722 		"  -d, --debug	displays usec, Time_Of_Day_Seconds and more debugging\n"
723 		"  -D, --Dump	displays the raw counter values\n"
724 		"  -e, --enable	[all | column]\n"
725 		"		shows all or the specified disabled column\n"
726 		"  -H, --hide [column|column,column,...]\n"
727 		"		hide the specified column(s)\n"
728 		"  -i, --interval sec.subsec\n"
729 		"		Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
730 		"  -J, --Joules	displays energy in Joules instead of Watts\n"
731 		"  -l, --list	list column headers only\n"
732 		"  -n, --num_iterations num\n"
733 		"		number of the measurement iterations\n"
734 		"  -N, --header_iterations num\n"
735 		"		print header every num iterations\n"
736 		"  -o, --out file\n"
737 		"		create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
738 		"  -q, --quiet	skip decoding system configuration header\n"
739 		"  -s, --show [column|column,column,...]\n"
740 		"		show only the specified column(s)\n"
741 		"  -S, --Summary\n"
742 		"		limits output to 1-line system summary per interval\n"
743 		"  -T, --TCC temperature\n"
744 		"		sets the Thermal Control Circuit temperature in\n"
745 		"		  degrees Celsius\n"
746 		"  -h, --help	print this help message\n"
747 		"  -v, --version	print version information\n" "\n" "For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
748 }
749 
750 /*
751  * bic_lookup
752  * for all the strings in comma separate name_list,
753  * set the approprate bit in return value.
754  */
755 unsigned long long bic_lookup(char *name_list, enum show_hide_mode mode)
756 {
757 	unsigned int i;
758 	unsigned long long retval = 0;
759 
760 	while (name_list) {
761 		char *comma;
762 
763 		comma = strchr(name_list, ',');
764 
765 		if (comma)
766 			*comma = '\0';
767 
768 		for (i = 0; i < MAX_BIC; ++i) {
769 			if (!strcmp(name_list, bic[i].name)) {
770 				retval |= (1ULL << i);
771 				break;
772 			}
773 			if (!strcmp(name_list, "all")) {
774 				retval |= ~0;
775 				break;
776 			} else if (!strcmp(name_list, "topology")) {
777 				retval |= BIC_TOPOLOGY;
778 				break;
779 			} else if (!strcmp(name_list, "power")) {
780 				retval |= BIC_THERMAL_PWR;
781 				break;
782 			} else if (!strcmp(name_list, "idle")) {
783 				retval |= BIC_IDLE;
784 				break;
785 			} else if (!strcmp(name_list, "frequency")) {
786 				retval |= BIC_FREQUENCY;
787 				break;
788 			} else if (!strcmp(name_list, "other")) {
789 				retval |= BIC_OTHER;
790 				break;
791 			}
792 
793 		}
794 		if (i == MAX_BIC) {
795 			if (mode == SHOW_LIST) {
796 				deferred_add_names[deferred_add_index++] = name_list;
797 				if (deferred_add_index >= MAX_DEFERRED) {
798 					fprintf(stderr, "More than max %d un-recognized --add options '%s'\n",
799 						MAX_DEFERRED, name_list);
800 					help();
801 					exit(1);
802 				}
803 			} else {
804 				deferred_skip_names[deferred_skip_index++] = name_list;
805 				if (debug)
806 					fprintf(stderr, "deferred \"%s\"\n", name_list);
807 				if (deferred_skip_index >= MAX_DEFERRED) {
808 					fprintf(stderr, "More than max %d un-recognized --skip options '%s'\n",
809 						MAX_DEFERRED, name_list);
810 					help();
811 					exit(1);
812 				}
813 			}
814 		}
815 
816 		name_list = comma;
817 		if (name_list)
818 			name_list++;
819 
820 	}
821 	return retval;
822 }
823 
824 void print_header(char *delim)
825 {
826 	struct msr_counter *mp;
827 	int printed = 0;
828 
829 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_USEC))
830 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%susec", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
831 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TOD))
832 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTime_Of_Day_Seconds", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
833 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
834 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPackage", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
835 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die))
836 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sDie", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
837 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node))
838 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sNode", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
839 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
840 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCore", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
841 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
842 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
843 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
844 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAPIC", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
845 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
846 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sX2APIC", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
847 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
848 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAvg_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
849 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
850 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBusy%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
851 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz))
852 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBzy_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
853 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
854 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTSC_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
855 
856 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
857 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sIPC", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
858 
859 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
860 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
861 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s     IRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
862 		else
863 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sIRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
864 	}
865 
866 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
867 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSMI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
868 
869 	for (mp = sys.tp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
870 
871 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
872 			if (mp->width == 64)
873 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
874 			else
875 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
876 		} else {
877 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
878 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
879 			else
880 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
881 		}
882 	}
883 
884 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
885 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c1", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
886 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3))
887 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
888 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
889 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
890 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
891 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
892 
893 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
894 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sMod%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
895 
896 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
897 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCoreTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
898 
899 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CORE_THROT_CNT))
900 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCoreThr", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
901 
902 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
903 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
904 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCorWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
905 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
906 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
907 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCor_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
908 	}
909 
910 	for (mp = sys.cp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
911 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
912 			if (mp->width == 64)
913 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
914 			else
915 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
916 		} else {
917 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
918 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
919 			else
920 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
921 		}
922 	}
923 
924 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
925 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
926 
927 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
928 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%rc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
929 
930 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
931 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXMHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
932 
933 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
934 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXAMHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
935 
936 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
937 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTotl%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
938 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
939 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAny%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
940 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
941 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
942 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
943 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPUGFX%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
944 
945 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
946 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc2", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
947 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
948 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
949 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
950 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
951 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
952 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
953 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
954 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc8", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
955 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
956 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc9", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
957 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
958 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPk%%pc10", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
959 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
960 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%LPI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
961 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
962 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSYS%%LPI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
963 
964 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
965 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
966 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
967 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
968 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCorWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
969 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
970 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
971 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
972 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAMWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
973 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
974 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
975 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
976 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
977 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
978 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
979 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
980 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
981 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCor_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
982 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
983 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
984 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
985 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
986 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
987 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
988 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
989 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
990 	}
991 	for (mp = sys.pp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
992 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
993 			if (mp->width == 64)
994 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
995 			else
996 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
997 		} else {
998 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
999 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
1000 			else
1001 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
1002 		}
1003 	}
1004 
1005 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
1006 }
1007 
1008 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1009 {
1010 	int i;
1011 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1012 
1013 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
1014 
1015 	if (t) {
1016 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n", t->cpu_id, t->flags);
1017 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
1018 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
1019 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
1020 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
1021 
1022 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
1023 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IPC: %lld\n", t->instr_count);
1024 
1025 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1026 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %lld\n", t->irq_count);
1027 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1028 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %d\n", t->smi_count);
1029 
1030 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1031 			outp += sprintf(outp, "tADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n", i, mp->msr_num, t->counter[i]);
1032 		}
1033 	}
1034 
1035 	if (c) {
1036 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
1037 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
1038 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
1039 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
1040 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
1041 		outp += sprintf(outp, "cpu_throt_count: %016llX\n", c->core_throt_cnt);
1042 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules: %0X\n", c->core_energy);
1043 
1044 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1045 			outp += sprintf(outp, "cADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n", i, mp->msr_num, c->counter[i]);
1046 		}
1047 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mc6_us: %016llX\n", c->mc6_us);
1048 	}
1049 
1050 	if (p) {
1051 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
1052 
1053 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
1054 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
1055 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
1056 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
1057 
1058 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
1059 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1060 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
1061 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1062 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
1063 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1064 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
1065 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
1066 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
1067 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
1068 		outp += sprintf(outp, "cpu_lpi: %016llX\n", p->cpu_lpi);
1069 		outp += sprintf(outp, "sys_lpi: %016llX\n", p->sys_lpi);
1070 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0llX\n", p->energy_pkg);
1071 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0llX\n", p->energy_cores);
1072 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0llX\n", p->energy_gfx);
1073 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0llX\n", p->energy_dram);
1074 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0llX\n", p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
1075 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0llX\n", p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
1076 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
1077 
1078 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1079 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n", i, mp->msr_num, p->counter[i]);
1080 		}
1081 	}
1082 
1083 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
1084 
1085 	return 0;
1086 }
1087 
1088 /*
1089  * column formatting convention & formats
1090  */
1091 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1092 {
1093 	double interval_float, tsc;
1094 	char *fmt8;
1095 	int i;
1096 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1097 	char *delim = "\t";
1098 	int printed = 0;
1099 
1100 	/* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
1101 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1102 		return 0;
1103 
1104 	/* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
1105 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1106 		return 0;
1107 
1108 	/*if not summary line and --cpu is used */
1109 	if ((t != &average.threads) && (cpu_subset && !CPU_ISSET_S(t->cpu_id, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset)))
1110 		return 0;
1111 
1112 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_USEC)) {
1113 		/* on each row, print how many usec each timestamp took to gather */
1114 		struct timeval tv;
1115 
1116 		timersub(&t->tv_end, &t->tv_begin, &tv);
1117 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%5ld\t", tv.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv.tv_usec);
1118 	}
1119 
1120 	/* Time_Of_Day_Seconds: on each row, print sec.usec last timestamp taken */
1121 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TOD))
1122 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%10ld.%06ld\t", t->tv_end.tv_sec, t->tv_end.tv_usec);
1123 
1124 	interval_float = t->tv_delta.tv_sec + t->tv_delta.tv_usec / 1000000.0;
1125 
1126 	tsc = t->tsc * tsc_tweak;
1127 
1128 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
1129 	if (t == &average.threads) {
1130 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
1131 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1132 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die))
1133 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1134 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node))
1135 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1136 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
1137 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1138 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
1139 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1140 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1141 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1142 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1143 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1144 	} else {
1145 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package)) {
1146 			if (p)
1147 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->package_id);
1148 			else
1149 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1150 		}
1151 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die)) {
1152 			if (c)
1153 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), cpus[t->cpu_id].die_id);
1154 			else
1155 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1156 		}
1157 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node)) {
1158 			if (t)
1159 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d",
1160 						(printed++ ? delim : ""), cpus[t->cpu_id].physical_node_id);
1161 			else
1162 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1163 		}
1164 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core)) {
1165 			if (c)
1166 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_id);
1167 			else
1168 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1169 		}
1170 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
1171 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->cpu_id);
1172 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1173 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->apic_id);
1174 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1175 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->x2apic_id);
1176 	}
1177 
1178 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
1179 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
1180 
1181 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
1182 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->mperf / tsc);
1183 
1184 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1185 		if (has_base_hz)
1186 			outp +=
1187 			    sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
1188 		else
1189 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1190 					tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
1191 	}
1192 
1193 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
1194 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 1.0 * t->tsc / units / interval_float);
1195 
1196 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
1197 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 1.0 * t->instr_count / t->aperf);
1198 
1199 	/* IRQ */
1200 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
1201 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
1202 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
1203 		else
1204 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
1205 	}
1206 
1207 	/* SMI */
1208 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1209 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->smi_count);
1210 
1211 	/* Added counters */
1212 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1213 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1214 			if (mp->width == 32)
1215 				outp +=
1216 				    sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int)t->counter[i]);
1217 			else
1218 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1219 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1220 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1221 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1222 			else
1223 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1224 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1225 			if (mp->type == COUNTER_USEC)
1226 				outp +=
1227 				    sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1228 					    t->counter[i] / interval_float / 10000);
1229 			else
1230 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->counter[i] / tsc);
1231 		}
1232 	}
1233 
1234 	/* C1 */
1235 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
1236 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->c1 / tsc);
1237 
1238 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
1239 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1240 		goto done;
1241 
1242 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3))
1243 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c3 / tsc);
1244 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
1245 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c6 / tsc);
1246 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
1247 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c7 / tsc);
1248 
1249 	/* Mod%c6 */
1250 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
1251 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->mc6_us / tsc);
1252 
1253 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
1254 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_temp_c);
1255 
1256 	/* Core throttle count */
1257 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CORE_THROT_CNT))
1258 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_throt_cnt);
1259 
1260 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1261 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1262 			if (mp->width == 32)
1263 				outp +=
1264 				    sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int)c->counter[i]);
1265 			else
1266 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1267 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1268 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1269 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1270 			else
1271 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1272 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1273 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->counter[i] / tsc);
1274 		}
1275 	}
1276 
1277 	fmt8 = "%s%.2f";
1278 
1279 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1280 		outp +=
1281 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_energy * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1282 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1283 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_energy * rapl_energy_units);
1284 
1285 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
1286 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1287 		goto done;
1288 
1289 	/* PkgTmp */
1290 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
1291 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->pkg_temp_c);
1292 
1293 	/* GFXrc6 */
1294 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6)) {
1295 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect GFX counter reset */
1296 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s**.**", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1297 		} else {
1298 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1299 					p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
1300 		}
1301 	}
1302 
1303 	/* GFXMHz */
1304 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
1305 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->gfx_mhz);
1306 
1307 	/* GFXACTMHz */
1308 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
1309 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->gfx_act_mhz);
1310 
1311 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
1312 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1313 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 / tsc);
1314 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1315 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0 / tsc);
1316 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1317 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 / tsc);
1318 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1319 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 / tsc);
1320 
1321 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
1322 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc2 / tsc);
1323 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1324 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc3 / tsc);
1325 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1326 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc6 / tsc);
1327 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1328 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc7 / tsc);
1329 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
1330 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc8 / tsc);
1331 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
1332 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc9 / tsc);
1333 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
1334 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc10 / tsc);
1335 
1336 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
1337 		outp +=
1338 		    sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->cpu_lpi / 1000000.0 / interval_float);
1339 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
1340 		outp +=
1341 		    sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->sys_lpi / 1000000.0 / interval_float);
1342 
1343 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
1344 		outp +=
1345 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1346 
1347 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1348 		outp +=
1349 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1350 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
1351 		outp +=
1352 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1353 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
1354 		outp +=
1355 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1356 			    p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
1357 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
1358 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
1359 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1360 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
1361 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
1362 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
1363 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
1364 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
1365 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
1366 		outp +=
1367 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1368 			    100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
1369 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
1370 		outp +=
1371 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1372 			    100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
1373 
1374 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1375 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1376 			if (mp->width == 32)
1377 				outp +=
1378 				    sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int)p->counter[i]);
1379 			else
1380 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1381 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1382 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1383 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1384 			else
1385 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1386 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1387 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->counter[i] / tsc);
1388 		}
1389 	}
1390 
1391 done:
1392 	if (*(outp - 1) != '\n')
1393 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
1394 
1395 	return 0;
1396 }
1397 
1398 void flush_output_stdout(void)
1399 {
1400 	FILE *filep;
1401 
1402 	if (outf == stderr)
1403 		filep = stdout;
1404 	else
1405 		filep = outf;
1406 
1407 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
1408 	fflush(filep);
1409 
1410 	outp = output_buffer;
1411 }
1412 
1413 void flush_output_stderr(void)
1414 {
1415 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
1416 	fflush(outf);
1417 	outp = output_buffer;
1418 }
1419 
1420 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1421 {
1422 	static int count;
1423 
1424 	if ((!count || (header_iterations && !(count % header_iterations))) || !summary_only)
1425 		print_header("\t");
1426 
1427 	format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1428 
1429 	count++;
1430 
1431 	if (summary_only)
1432 		return;
1433 
1434 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
1435 }
1436 
1437 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
1438 	old = ((((unsigned long long)new << 32) - ((unsigned long long)old << 32)) >> 32);
1439 
1440 int delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
1441 {
1442 	int i;
1443 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1444 
1445 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1446 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1447 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1448 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
1449 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1450 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1451 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1452 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1453 
1454 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
1455 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1456 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
1457 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1458 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
1459 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1460 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
1461 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
1462 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
1463 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
1464 	old->cpu_lpi = new->cpu_lpi - old->cpu_lpi;
1465 	old->sys_lpi = new->sys_lpi - old->sys_lpi;
1466 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
1467 
1468 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
1469 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms > new->gfx_rc6_ms)
1470 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
1471 	else
1472 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
1473 
1474 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
1475 	old->gfx_act_mhz = new->gfx_act_mhz;
1476 
1477 	old->energy_pkg = new->energy_pkg - old->energy_pkg;
1478 	old->energy_cores = new->energy_cores - old->energy_cores;
1479 	old->energy_gfx = new->energy_gfx - old->energy_gfx;
1480 	old->energy_dram = new->energy_dram - old->energy_dram;
1481 	old->rapl_pkg_perf_status = new->rapl_pkg_perf_status - old->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1482 	old->rapl_dram_perf_status = new->rapl_dram_perf_status - old->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1483 
1484 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1485 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1486 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1487 		else
1488 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1489 	}
1490 
1491 	return 0;
1492 }
1493 
1494 void delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
1495 {
1496 	int i;
1497 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1498 
1499 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
1500 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
1501 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
1502 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
1503 	old->core_throt_cnt = new->core_throt_cnt;
1504 	old->mc6_us = new->mc6_us - old->mc6_us;
1505 
1506 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->core_energy, old->core_energy);
1507 
1508 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1509 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1510 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1511 		else
1512 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1513 	}
1514 }
1515 
1516 int soft_c1_residency_display(int bic)
1517 {
1518 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) || use_c1_residency_msr)
1519 		return 0;
1520 
1521 	return DO_BIC_READ(bic);
1522 }
1523 
1524 /*
1525  * old = new - old
1526  */
1527 int delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old, struct core_data *core_delta)
1528 {
1529 	int i;
1530 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1531 
1532 	/* we run cpuid just the 1st time, copy the results */
1533 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1534 		new->apic_id = old->apic_id;
1535 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1536 		new->x2apic_id = old->x2apic_id;
1537 
1538 	/*
1539 	 * the timestamps from start of measurement interval are in "old"
1540 	 * the timestamp from end of measurement interval are in "new"
1541 	 * over-write old w/ new so we can print end of interval values
1542 	 */
1543 
1544 	timersub(&new->tv_begin, &old->tv_begin, &old->tv_delta);
1545 	old->tv_begin = new->tv_begin;
1546 	old->tv_end = new->tv_end;
1547 
1548 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
1549 
1550 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
1551 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
1552 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
1553 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
1554 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
1555 
1556 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
1557 
1558 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_Avg_MHz)) {
1559 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
1560 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
1561 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
1562 		} else {
1563 			return -1;
1564 		}
1565 	}
1566 
1567 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1568 		/*
1569 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
1570 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
1571 		 */
1572 	} else {
1573 		/*
1574 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
1575 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
1576 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
1577 		 */
1578 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > (old->tsc * tsc_tweak))
1579 			old->c1 = 0;
1580 		else {
1581 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
1582 			old->c1 = (old->tsc * tsc_tweak) - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
1583 			    - core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
1584 		}
1585 	}
1586 
1587 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
1588 		if (debug > 1)
1589 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
1590 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
1591 	}
1592 
1593 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
1594 		old->instr_count = new->instr_count - old->instr_count;
1595 
1596 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1597 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
1598 
1599 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1600 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
1601 
1602 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1603 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1604 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1605 		else
1606 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1607 	}
1608 	return 0;
1609 }
1610 
1611 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1612 	      struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2, struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
1613 {
1614 	int retval = 0;
1615 
1616 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
1617 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
1618 		delta_core(c, c2);
1619 
1620 	/* always calculate thread delta */
1621 	retval = delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
1622 	if (retval)
1623 		return retval;
1624 
1625 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
1626 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
1627 		retval = delta_package(p, p2);
1628 
1629 	return retval;
1630 }
1631 
1632 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1633 {
1634 	int i;
1635 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1636 
1637 	t->tv_begin.tv_sec = 0;
1638 	t->tv_begin.tv_usec = 0;
1639 	t->tv_end.tv_sec = 0;
1640 	t->tv_end.tv_usec = 0;
1641 	t->tv_delta.tv_sec = 0;
1642 	t->tv_delta.tv_usec = 0;
1643 
1644 	t->tsc = 0;
1645 	t->aperf = 0;
1646 	t->mperf = 0;
1647 	t->c1 = 0;
1648 
1649 	t->instr_count = 0;
1650 
1651 	t->irq_count = 0;
1652 	t->smi_count = 0;
1653 
1654 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
1655 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
1656 
1657 	c->c3 = 0;
1658 	c->c6 = 0;
1659 	c->c7 = 0;
1660 	c->mc6_us = 0;
1661 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
1662 	c->core_energy = 0;
1663 	c->core_throt_cnt = 0;
1664 
1665 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
1666 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
1667 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1668 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1669 
1670 	p->pc2 = 0;
1671 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1672 		p->pc3 = 0;
1673 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1674 		p->pc6 = 0;
1675 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1676 		p->pc7 = 0;
1677 	p->pc8 = 0;
1678 	p->pc9 = 0;
1679 	p->pc10 = 0;
1680 	p->cpu_lpi = 0;
1681 	p->sys_lpi = 0;
1682 
1683 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
1684 	p->energy_dram = 0;
1685 	p->energy_cores = 0;
1686 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
1687 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
1688 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
1689 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
1690 
1691 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
1692 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
1693 	p->gfx_act_mhz = 0;
1694 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1695 		t->counter[i] = 0;
1696 
1697 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1698 		c->counter[i] = 0;
1699 
1700 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1701 		p->counter[i] = 0;
1702 }
1703 
1704 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1705 {
1706 	int i;
1707 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1708 
1709 	/* copy un-changing apic_id's */
1710 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1711 		average.threads.apic_id = t->apic_id;
1712 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1713 		average.threads.x2apic_id = t->x2apic_id;
1714 
1715 	/* remember first tv_begin */
1716 	if (average.threads.tv_begin.tv_sec == 0)
1717 		average.threads.tv_begin = t->tv_begin;
1718 
1719 	/* remember last tv_end */
1720 	average.threads.tv_end = t->tv_end;
1721 
1722 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
1723 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
1724 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
1725 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
1726 
1727 	average.threads.instr_count += t->instr_count;
1728 
1729 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
1730 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
1731 
1732 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1733 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1734 			continue;
1735 		average.threads.counter[i] += t->counter[i];
1736 	}
1737 
1738 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
1739 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1740 		return 0;
1741 
1742 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
1743 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
1744 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
1745 	average.cores.mc6_us += c->mc6_us;
1746 
1747 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
1748 	average.cores.core_throt_cnt = MAX(average.cores.core_throt_cnt, c->core_throt_cnt);
1749 
1750 	average.cores.core_energy += c->core_energy;
1751 
1752 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1753 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1754 			continue;
1755 		average.cores.counter[i] += c->counter[i];
1756 	}
1757 
1758 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
1759 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1760 		return 0;
1761 
1762 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1763 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1764 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1765 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
1766 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1767 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1768 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1769 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1770 
1771 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
1772 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1773 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
1774 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1775 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
1776 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1777 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
1778 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
1779 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
1780 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
1781 
1782 	average.packages.cpu_lpi = p->cpu_lpi;
1783 	average.packages.sys_lpi = p->sys_lpi;
1784 
1785 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
1786 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
1787 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
1788 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
1789 
1790 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
1791 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
1792 	average.packages.gfx_act_mhz = p->gfx_act_mhz;
1793 
1794 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
1795 
1796 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1797 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1798 
1799 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1800 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1801 			continue;
1802 		average.packages.counter[i] += p->counter[i];
1803 	}
1804 	return 0;
1805 }
1806 
1807 /*
1808  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1809  * compute the weighted average
1810  */
1811 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1812 {
1813 	int i;
1814 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1815 
1816 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1817 
1818 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1819 
1820 	/* Use the global time delta for the average. */
1821 	average.threads.tv_delta = tv_delta;
1822 
1823 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1824 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1825 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1826 	average.threads.instr_count /= topo.num_cpus;
1827 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1828 
1829 	if (average.threads.irq_count > 9999999)
1830 		sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1831 
1832 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1833 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1834 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1835 	average.cores.mc6_us /= topo.num_cores;
1836 
1837 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1838 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1839 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1840 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1841 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1842 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1843 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1844 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1845 
1846 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1847 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1848 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1849 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1850 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1851 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1852 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1853 
1854 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1855 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1856 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1857 
1858 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1859 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1860 			continue;
1861 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1862 			if (average.threads.counter[i] > 9999999)
1863 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1864 			continue;
1865 		}
1866 		average.threads.counter[i] /= topo.num_cpus;
1867 	}
1868 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1869 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1870 			continue;
1871 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1872 			if (average.cores.counter[i] > 9999999)
1873 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1874 		}
1875 		average.cores.counter[i] /= topo.num_cores;
1876 	}
1877 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1878 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1879 			continue;
1880 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1881 			if (average.packages.counter[i] > 9999999)
1882 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1883 		}
1884 		average.packages.counter[i] /= topo.num_packages;
1885 	}
1886 }
1887 
1888 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1889 {
1890 	unsigned int low, high;
1891 
1892 	asm volatile ("rdtsc":"=a" (low), "=d"(high));
1893 
1894 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1895 }
1896 
1897 /*
1898  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1899  */
1900 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1901 {
1902 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1903 
1904 	if (!filep)
1905 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1906 	return filep;
1907 }
1908 
1909 /*
1910  * snapshot_sysfs_counter()
1911  *
1912  * return snapshot of given counter
1913  */
1914 unsigned long long snapshot_sysfs_counter(char *path)
1915 {
1916 	FILE *fp;
1917 	int retval;
1918 	unsigned long long counter;
1919 
1920 	fp = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1921 
1922 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &counter);
1923 	if (retval != 1)
1924 		err(1, "snapshot_sysfs_counter(%s)", path);
1925 
1926 	fclose(fp);
1927 
1928 	return counter;
1929 }
1930 
1931 int get_mp(int cpu, struct msr_counter *mp, unsigned long long *counterp)
1932 {
1933 	if (mp->msr_num != 0) {
1934 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, counterp))
1935 			return -1;
1936 	} else {
1937 		char path[128 + PATH_BYTES];
1938 
1939 		if (mp->flags & SYSFS_PERCPU) {
1940 			sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/%s", cpu, mp->path);
1941 
1942 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(path);
1943 		} else {
1944 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(mp->path);
1945 		}
1946 	}
1947 
1948 	return 0;
1949 }
1950 
1951 int get_epb(int cpu)
1952 {
1953 	char path[128 + PATH_BYTES];
1954 	unsigned long long msr;
1955 	int ret, epb = -1;
1956 	FILE *fp;
1957 
1958 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/power/energy_perf_bias", cpu);
1959 
1960 	fp = fopen(path, "r");
1961 	if (!fp)
1962 		goto msr_fallback;
1963 
1964 	ret = fscanf(fp, "%d", &epb);
1965 	if (ret != 1)
1966 		err(1, "%s(%s)", __func__, path);
1967 
1968 	fclose(fp);
1969 
1970 	return epb;
1971 
1972 msr_fallback:
1973 	get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr);
1974 
1975 	return msr & 0xf;
1976 }
1977 
1978 void get_apic_id(struct thread_data *t)
1979 {
1980 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
1981 
1982 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC)) {
1983 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1984 		__cpuid(1, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1985 
1986 		t->apic_id = (ebx >> 24) & 0xff;
1987 	}
1988 
1989 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1990 		return;
1991 
1992 	if (authentic_amd || hygon_genuine) {
1993 		unsigned int topology_extensions;
1994 
1995 		if (max_extended_level < 0x8000001e)
1996 			return;
1997 
1998 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1999 		__cpuid(0x80000001, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
2000 		topology_extensions = ecx & (1 << 22);
2001 
2002 		if (topology_extensions == 0)
2003 			return;
2004 
2005 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
2006 		__cpuid(0x8000001e, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
2007 
2008 		t->x2apic_id = eax;
2009 		return;
2010 	}
2011 
2012 	if (!genuine_intel)
2013 		return;
2014 
2015 	if (max_level < 0xb)
2016 		return;
2017 
2018 	ecx = 0;
2019 	__cpuid(0xb, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
2020 	t->x2apic_id = edx;
2021 
2022 	if (debug && (t->apic_id != (t->x2apic_id & 0xff)))
2023 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: BIOS BUG: apic 0x%x x2apic 0x%x\n", t->cpu_id, t->apic_id, t->x2apic_id);
2024 }
2025 
2026 int get_core_throt_cnt(int cpu, unsigned long long *cnt)
2027 {
2028 	char path[128 + PATH_BYTES];
2029 	unsigned long long tmp;
2030 	FILE *fp;
2031 	int ret;
2032 
2033 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/thermal_throttle/core_throttle_count", cpu);
2034 	fp = fopen(path, "r");
2035 	if (!fp)
2036 		return -1;
2037 	ret = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &tmp);
2038 	if (ret != 1)
2039 		return -1;
2040 	fclose(fp);
2041 	*cnt = tmp;
2042 
2043 	return 0;
2044 }
2045 
2046 /*
2047  * get_counters(...)
2048  * migrate to cpu
2049  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
2050  */
2051 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2052 {
2053 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
2054 	unsigned long long msr;
2055 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
2056 	struct msr_counter *mp;
2057 	int i;
2058 
2059 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2060 		fprintf(outf, "get_counters: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2061 		return -1;
2062 	}
2063 
2064 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_begin, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2065 
2066 	if (first_counter_read)
2067 		get_apic_id(t);
2068 retry:
2069 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
2070 
2071 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_Avg_MHz)) {
2072 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
2073 
2074 		/*
2075 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
2076 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
2077 		 *
2078 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
2079 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
2080 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
2081 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
2082 		 */
2083 
2084 		/*
2085 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
2086 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
2087 		 */
2088 
2089 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
2090 			return -3;
2091 
2092 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
2093 
2094 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
2095 
2096 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
2097 			return -3;
2098 
2099 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
2100 
2101 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
2102 			return -4;
2103 
2104 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
2105 
2106 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
2107 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
2108 
2109 		/*
2110 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
2111 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
2112 		 */
2113 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
2114 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
2115 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
2116 				goto retry;
2117 			else
2118 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld", cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
2119 		}
2120 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
2121 
2122 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
2123 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
2124 	}
2125 
2126 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
2127 		if (read(get_instr_count_fd(cpu), &t->instr_count, sizeof(long long)) != sizeof(long long))
2128 			return -4;
2129 
2130 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
2131 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
2132 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI)) {
2133 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
2134 			return -5;
2135 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
2136 	}
2137 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) && use_c1_residency_msr) {
2138 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
2139 			return -6;
2140 	}
2141 
2142 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
2143 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &t->counter[i]))
2144 			return -10;
2145 	}
2146 
2147 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
2148 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
2149 		goto done;
2150 
2151 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c3)) {
2152 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
2153 			return -6;
2154 	}
2155 
2156 	if ((DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c6)) && !do_knl_cstates) {
2157 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
2158 			return -7;
2159 	} else if (do_knl_cstates || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c6)) {
2160 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
2161 			return -7;
2162 	}
2163 
2164 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c7)) {
2165 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
2166 			return -8;
2167 		else if (t->is_atom) {
2168 			/*
2169 			 * For Atom CPUs that has core cstate deeper than c6,
2170 			 * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY returns residency of cc6 and deeper.
2171 			 * Minus CC7 (and deeper cstates) residency to get
2172 			 * accturate cc6 residency.
2173 			 */
2174 			c->c6 -= c->c7;
2175 		}
2176 	}
2177 
2178 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
2179 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_MODULE_C6_RES_MS, &c->mc6_us))
2180 			return -8;
2181 
2182 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp)) {
2183 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2184 			return -9;
2185 		c->core_temp_c = tj_max - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
2186 	}
2187 
2188 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CORE_THROT_CNT))
2189 		get_core_throt_cnt(cpu, &c->core_throt_cnt);
2190 
2191 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
2192 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT, &msr))
2193 			return -14;
2194 		c->core_energy = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
2195 	}
2196 
2197 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
2198 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &c->counter[i]))
2199 			return -10;
2200 	}
2201 
2202 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
2203 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2204 		goto done;
2205 
2206 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0)) {
2207 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
2208 			return -10;
2209 	}
2210 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0)) {
2211 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
2212 			return -11;
2213 	}
2214 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0)) {
2215 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
2216 			return -12;
2217 	}
2218 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX)) {
2219 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
2220 			return -13;
2221 	}
2222 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
2223 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
2224 			return -9;
2225 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6)) {
2226 		if (do_slm_cstates) {
2227 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_ATOM_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
2228 				return -10;
2229 		} else {
2230 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
2231 				return -10;
2232 		}
2233 	}
2234 
2235 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
2236 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
2237 			return -11;
2238 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
2239 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
2240 			return -12;
2241 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
2242 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
2243 			return -13;
2244 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
2245 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
2246 			return -13;
2247 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
2248 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
2249 			return -13;
2250 
2251 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
2252 		p->cpu_lpi = cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us;
2253 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
2254 		p->sys_lpi = cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us;
2255 
2256 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
2257 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2258 			return -13;
2259 		p->energy_pkg = msr;
2260 	}
2261 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS) {
2262 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2263 			return -14;
2264 		p->energy_cores = msr;
2265 	}
2266 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
2267 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2268 			return -15;
2269 		p->energy_dram = msr;
2270 	}
2271 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
2272 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2273 			return -16;
2274 		p->energy_gfx = msr;
2275 	}
2276 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
2277 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
2278 			return -16;
2279 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr;
2280 	}
2281 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
2282 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
2283 			return -16;
2284 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr;
2285 	}
2286 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
2287 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT, &msr))
2288 			return -13;
2289 		p->energy_pkg = msr;
2290 	}
2291 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp)) {
2292 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2293 			return -17;
2294 		p->pkg_temp_c = tj_max - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
2295 	}
2296 
2297 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
2298 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
2299 
2300 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
2301 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
2302 
2303 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
2304 		p->gfx_act_mhz = gfx_act_mhz;
2305 
2306 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
2307 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &p->counter[i]))
2308 			return -10;
2309 	}
2310 done:
2311 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_end, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2312 
2313 	return 0;
2314 }
2315 
2316 /*
2317  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
2318  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
2319  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
2320  */
2321 
2322 #define PCLUKN 0		/* Unknown */
2323 #define PCLRSV 1		/* Reserved */
2324 #define PCL__0 2		/* PC0 */
2325 #define PCL__1 3		/* PC1 */
2326 #define PCL__2 4		/* PC2 */
2327 #define PCL__3 5		/* PC3 */
2328 #define PCL__4 6		/* PC4 */
2329 #define PCL__6 7		/* PC6 */
2330 #define PCL_6N 8		/* PC6 No Retention */
2331 #define PCL_6R 9		/* PC6 Retention */
2332 #define PCL__7 10		/* PC7 */
2333 #define PCL_7S 11		/* PC7 Shrink */
2334 #define PCL__8 12		/* PC8 */
2335 #define PCL__9 13		/* PC9 */
2336 #define PCL_10 14		/* PC10 */
2337 #define PCLUNL 15		/* Unlimited */
2338 
2339 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
2340 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
2341 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "pc10", "unlimited"
2342 };
2343 
2344 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2345     { PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2346 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2347 };
2348 
2349 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2350     { PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2351 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2352 };
2353 
2354 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2355     { PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2356 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2357 };
2358 
2359 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2360     { PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2361 	PCL__6, PCL__7
2362 };
2363 
2364 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2365     { PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2366 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2367 };
2368 
2369 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2370     { PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2371 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2372 };
2373 
2374 int glm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2375     { PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCL_10, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2376 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2377 };
2378 
2379 int skx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2380     { PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2381 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2382 };
2383 
2384 int icx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2385     { PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__6, PCL__6, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2386 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2387 };
2388 
2389 static void calculate_tsc_tweak()
2390 {
2391 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
2392 }
2393 
2394 void prewake_cstate_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
2395 
2396 static void dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
2397 {
2398 	unsigned long long msr;
2399 	unsigned int ratio;
2400 
2401 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2402 
2403 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2404 
2405 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2406 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max efficiency frequency\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2407 
2408 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2409 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2410 
2411 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
2412 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
2413 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
2414 
2415 	/* C-state Pre-wake Disable (CSTATE_PREWAKE_DISABLE) */
2416 	if (dis_cstate_prewake)
2417 		fprintf(outf, "C-state Pre-wake: %sabled\n", msr & 0x40000000 ? "DIS" : "EN");
2418 
2419 	return;
2420 }
2421 
2422 static void dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2423 {
2424 	unsigned long long msr;
2425 	unsigned int ratio;
2426 
2427 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
2428 
2429 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2430 
2431 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2432 	if (ratio)
2433 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2434 
2435 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2436 	if (ratio)
2437 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2438 	return;
2439 }
2440 
2441 static void dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2442 {
2443 	unsigned long long msr;
2444 	unsigned int ratio;
2445 
2446 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
2447 
2448 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2449 
2450 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
2451 	if (ratio)
2452 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2453 
2454 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
2455 	if (ratio)
2456 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2457 
2458 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2459 	if (ratio)
2460 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2461 
2462 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
2463 	if (ratio)
2464 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2465 
2466 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
2467 	if (ratio)
2468 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2469 
2470 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
2471 	if (ratio)
2472 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2473 
2474 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2475 	if (ratio)
2476 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2477 
2478 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2479 	if (ratio)
2480 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2481 	return;
2482 }
2483 
2484 int has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(int family, int model)
2485 {
2486 
2487 	if (!genuine_intel)
2488 		return 0;
2489 
2490 	if (family != 6)
2491 		return 0;
2492 
2493 	switch (model) {
2494 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
2495 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
2496 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:
2497 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:
2498 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:
2499 		return 1;
2500 	default:
2501 		return 0;
2502 	}
2503 }
2504 
2505 static void dump_turbo_ratio_limits(int family, int model)
2506 {
2507 	unsigned long long msr, core_counts;
2508 	unsigned int ratio, group_size;
2509 
2510 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2511 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2512 
2513 	if (has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(family, model)) {
2514 		get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &core_counts);
2515 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, core_counts);
2516 	} else {
2517 		core_counts = 0x0807060504030201;
2518 	}
2519 
2520 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
2521 	group_size = (core_counts >> 56) & 0xFF;
2522 	if (ratio)
2523 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2524 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2525 
2526 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
2527 	group_size = (core_counts >> 48) & 0xFF;
2528 	if (ratio)
2529 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2530 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2531 
2532 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2533 	group_size = (core_counts >> 40) & 0xFF;
2534 	if (ratio)
2535 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2536 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2537 
2538 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
2539 	group_size = (core_counts >> 32) & 0xFF;
2540 	if (ratio)
2541 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2542 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2543 
2544 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
2545 	group_size = (core_counts >> 24) & 0xFF;
2546 	if (ratio)
2547 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2548 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2549 
2550 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
2551 	group_size = (core_counts >> 16) & 0xFF;
2552 	if (ratio)
2553 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2554 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2555 
2556 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2557 	group_size = (core_counts >> 8) & 0xFF;
2558 	if (ratio)
2559 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2560 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2561 
2562 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2563 	group_size = (core_counts >> 0) & 0xFF;
2564 	if (ratio)
2565 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2566 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2567 	return;
2568 }
2569 
2570 static void dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2571 {
2572 	unsigned long long msr;
2573 	unsigned int ratio;
2574 
2575 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS, &msr);
2576 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
2577 
2578 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2579 	if (ratio)
2580 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz minimum operating frequency\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2581 
2582 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
2583 	if (ratio)
2584 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz low frequency mode (LFM)\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2585 
2586 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
2587 	if (ratio)
2588 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2589 
2590 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS, &msr);
2591 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
2592 
2593 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0x3F;
2594 	if (ratio)
2595 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2596 
2597 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
2598 	if (ratio)
2599 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2600 
2601 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
2602 	if (ratio)
2603 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2604 
2605 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2606 	if (ratio)
2607 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 1 active core\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2608 }
2609 
2610 static void dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2611 {
2612 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
2613 
2614 	unsigned long long msr;
2615 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
2616 	int i, b_nr;
2617 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
2618 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
2619 
2620 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2621 
2622 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2623 
2624 	/*
2625 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
2626 	 * [0] -- Reserved
2627 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
2628 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
2629 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
2630 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
2631 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
2632 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
2633 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
2634 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
2635 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
2636 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
2637 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
2638 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
2639 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
2640 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
2641 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
2642 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
2643 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
2644 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
2645 	 */
2646 
2647 	b_nr = 0;
2648 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
2649 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2650 
2651 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
2652 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
2653 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
2654 
2655 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
2656 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
2657 		b_nr++;
2658 	}
2659 
2660 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2661 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
2662 			fprintf(outf,
2663 				"%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2664 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
2665 }
2666 
2667 static void dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
2668 {
2669 	unsigned long long msr;
2670 
2671 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
2672 
2673 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2674 
2675 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked, pkg-cstate-limit=%d (%s)",
2676 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
2677 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
2678 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
2679 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
2680 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN", (unsigned int)msr & 0xF, pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
2681 
2682 #define AUTOMATIC_CSTATE_CONVERSION		(1UL << 16)
2683 	if (has_automatic_cstate_conversion) {
2684 		fprintf(outf, ", automatic c-state conversion=%s", (msr & AUTOMATIC_CSTATE_CONVERSION) ? "on" : "off");
2685 	}
2686 
2687 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2688 
2689 	return;
2690 }
2691 
2692 static void dump_config_tdp(void)
2693 {
2694 	unsigned long long msr;
2695 
2696 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
2697 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2698 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
2699 
2700 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
2701 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2702 	if (msr) {
2703 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2704 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2705 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2706 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2707 	}
2708 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2709 
2710 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
2711 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2712 	if (msr) {
2713 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2714 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2715 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2716 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2717 	}
2718 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2719 
2720 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
2721 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2722 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
2723 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
2724 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2725 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2726 
2727 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
2728 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2729 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
2730 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2731 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2732 }
2733 
2734 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = { 1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
2735 
2736 void print_irtl(void)
2737 {
2738 	unsigned long long msr;
2739 
2740 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
2741 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2742 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2743 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2744 
2745 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
2746 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2747 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2748 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2749 
2750 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
2751 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2752 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2753 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2754 
2755 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
2756 		return;
2757 
2758 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
2759 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2760 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2761 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2762 
2763 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
2764 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2765 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2766 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2767 
2768 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
2769 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2770 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2771 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2772 
2773 }
2774 
2775 void free_fd_percpu(void)
2776 {
2777 	int i;
2778 
2779 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num + 1; ++i) {
2780 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
2781 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
2782 	}
2783 
2784 	free(fd_percpu);
2785 }
2786 
2787 void free_all_buffers(void)
2788 {
2789 	int i;
2790 
2791 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
2792 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
2793 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
2794 
2795 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
2796 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
2797 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
2798 
2799 	free(thread_even);
2800 	free(core_even);
2801 	free(package_even);
2802 
2803 	thread_even = NULL;
2804 	core_even = NULL;
2805 	package_even = NULL;
2806 
2807 	free(thread_odd);
2808 	free(core_odd);
2809 	free(package_odd);
2810 
2811 	thread_odd = NULL;
2812 	core_odd = NULL;
2813 	package_odd = NULL;
2814 
2815 	free(output_buffer);
2816 	output_buffer = NULL;
2817 	outp = NULL;
2818 
2819 	free_fd_percpu();
2820 
2821 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
2822 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
2823 
2824 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
2825 		if (cpus[i].put_ids)
2826 			CPU_FREE(cpus[i].put_ids);
2827 	}
2828 	free(cpus);
2829 }
2830 
2831 /*
2832  * Parse a file containing a single int.
2833  * Return 0 if file can not be opened
2834  * Exit if file can be opened, but can not be parsed
2835  */
2836 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
2837 {
2838 	va_list args;
2839 	char path[PATH_MAX];
2840 	FILE *filep;
2841 	int value;
2842 
2843 	va_start(args, fmt);
2844 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
2845 	va_end(args);
2846 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
2847 	if (!filep)
2848 		return 0;
2849 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
2850 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
2851 	fclose(filep);
2852 	return value;
2853 }
2854 
2855 /*
2856  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
2857  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
2858  */
2859 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
2860 {
2861 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
2862 }
2863 
2864 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
2865 {
2866 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
2867 }
2868 
2869 int get_die_id(int cpu)
2870 {
2871 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/die_id", cpu);
2872 }
2873 
2874 int get_core_id(int cpu)
2875 {
2876 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
2877 }
2878 
2879 void set_node_data(void)
2880 {
2881 	int pkg, node, lnode, cpu, cpux;
2882 	int cpu_count;
2883 
2884 	/* initialize logical_node_id */
2885 	for (cpu = 0; cpu <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++cpu)
2886 		cpus[cpu].logical_node_id = -1;
2887 
2888 	cpu_count = 0;
2889 	for (pkg = 0; pkg < topo.num_packages; pkg++) {
2890 		lnode = 0;
2891 		for (cpu = 0; cpu <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++cpu) {
2892 			if (cpus[cpu].physical_package_id != pkg)
2893 				continue;
2894 			/* find a cpu with an unset logical_node_id */
2895 			if (cpus[cpu].logical_node_id != -1)
2896 				continue;
2897 			cpus[cpu].logical_node_id = lnode;
2898 			node = cpus[cpu].physical_node_id;
2899 			cpu_count++;
2900 			/*
2901 			 * find all matching cpus on this pkg and set
2902 			 * the logical_node_id
2903 			 */
2904 			for (cpux = cpu; cpux <= topo.max_cpu_num; cpux++) {
2905 				if ((cpus[cpux].physical_package_id == pkg) && (cpus[cpux].physical_node_id == node)) {
2906 					cpus[cpux].logical_node_id = lnode;
2907 					cpu_count++;
2908 				}
2909 			}
2910 			lnode++;
2911 			if (lnode > topo.nodes_per_pkg)
2912 				topo.nodes_per_pkg = lnode;
2913 		}
2914 		if (cpu_count >= topo.max_cpu_num)
2915 			break;
2916 	}
2917 }
2918 
2919 int get_physical_node_id(struct cpu_topology *thiscpu)
2920 {
2921 	char path[80];
2922 	FILE *filep;
2923 	int i;
2924 	int cpu = thiscpu->logical_cpu_id;
2925 
2926 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; i++) {
2927 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/node%i/cpulist", cpu, i);
2928 		filep = fopen(path, "r");
2929 		if (!filep)
2930 			continue;
2931 		fclose(filep);
2932 		return i;
2933 	}
2934 	return -1;
2935 }
2936 
2937 int get_thread_siblings(struct cpu_topology *thiscpu)
2938 {
2939 	char path[80], character;
2940 	FILE *filep;
2941 	unsigned long map;
2942 	int so, shift, sib_core;
2943 	int cpu = thiscpu->logical_cpu_id;
2944 	int offset = topo.max_cpu_num + 1;
2945 	size_t size;
2946 	int thread_id = 0;
2947 
2948 	thiscpu->put_ids = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
2949 	if (thiscpu->thread_id < 0)
2950 		thiscpu->thread_id = thread_id++;
2951 	if (!thiscpu->put_ids)
2952 		return -1;
2953 
2954 	size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
2955 	CPU_ZERO_S(size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2956 
2957 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings", cpu);
2958 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
2959 
2960 	if (!filep) {
2961 		warnx("%s: open failed", path);
2962 		return -1;
2963 	}
2964 	do {
2965 		offset -= BITMASK_SIZE;
2966 		if (fscanf(filep, "%lx%c", &map, &character) != 2)
2967 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse file", path);
2968 		for (shift = 0; shift < BITMASK_SIZE; shift++) {
2969 			if ((map >> shift) & 0x1) {
2970 				so = shift + offset;
2971 				sib_core = get_core_id(so);
2972 				if (sib_core == thiscpu->physical_core_id) {
2973 					CPU_SET_S(so, size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2974 					if ((so != cpu) && (cpus[so].thread_id < 0))
2975 						cpus[so].thread_id = thread_id++;
2976 				}
2977 			}
2978 		}
2979 	} while (!strncmp(&character, ",", 1));
2980 	fclose(filep);
2981 
2982 	return CPU_COUNT_S(size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2983 }
2984 
2985 /*
2986  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
2987  * skip non-present cpus
2988  */
2989 
2990 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func) (struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2991 			       struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2992 			       struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
2993 		   struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
2994 		   struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2, struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
2995 {
2996 	int retval, pkg_no, node_no, core_no, thread_no;
2997 
2998 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
2999 		for (node_no = 0; node_no < topo.nodes_per_pkg; ++node_no) {
3000 			for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.cores_per_node; ++core_no) {
3001 				for (thread_no = 0; thread_no < topo.threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
3002 					struct thread_data *t, *t2;
3003 					struct core_data *c, *c2;
3004 					struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
3005 
3006 					t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
3007 
3008 					if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
3009 						continue;
3010 
3011 					t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
3012 
3013 					c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
3014 					c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
3015 
3016 					p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
3017 					p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
3018 
3019 					retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
3020 					if (retval)
3021 						return retval;
3022 				}
3023 			}
3024 		}
3025 	}
3026 	return 0;
3027 }
3028 
3029 /*
3030  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
3031  * return max_cpu number
3032  */
3033 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func) (int))
3034 {
3035 	FILE *fp;
3036 	int cpu_num;
3037 	int retval;
3038 
3039 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
3040 
3041 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
3042 	if (retval != 0)
3043 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
3044 
3045 	while (1) {
3046 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
3047 		if (retval != 1)
3048 			break;
3049 
3050 		retval = func(cpu_num);
3051 		if (retval) {
3052 			fclose(fp);
3053 			return (retval);
3054 		}
3055 	}
3056 	fclose(fp);
3057 	return 0;
3058 }
3059 
3060 void re_initialize(void)
3061 {
3062 	free_all_buffers();
3063 	setup_all_buffers();
3064 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
3065 }
3066 
3067 void set_max_cpu_num(void)
3068 {
3069 	FILE *filep;
3070 	int base_cpu;
3071 	unsigned long dummy;
3072 	char pathname[64];
3073 
3074 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
3075 	if (base_cpu < 0)
3076 		err(1, "cannot find calling cpu ID");
3077 	sprintf(pathname, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings", base_cpu);
3078 
3079 	filep = fopen_or_die(pathname, "r");
3080 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
3081 	while (fscanf(filep, "%lx,", &dummy) == 1)
3082 		topo.max_cpu_num += BITMASK_SIZE;
3083 	fclose(filep);
3084 	topo.max_cpu_num--;	/* 0 based */
3085 }
3086 
3087 /*
3088  * count_cpus()
3089  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
3090  */
3091 int count_cpus(int cpu)
3092 {
3093 	UNUSED(cpu);
3094 
3095 	topo.num_cpus++;
3096 	return 0;
3097 }
3098 
3099 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
3100 {
3101 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3102 	return 0;
3103 }
3104 
3105 int init_thread_id(int cpu)
3106 {
3107 	cpus[cpu].thread_id = -1;
3108 	return 0;
3109 }
3110 
3111 /*
3112  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
3113  *
3114  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
3115  *
3116  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3117  */
3118 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
3119 {
3120 	static FILE *fp;
3121 	int column, retval;
3122 
3123 	if (fp == NULL)
3124 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
3125 	else
3126 		rewind(fp);
3127 
3128 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
3129 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
3130 		int cpu_number;
3131 
3132 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
3133 		if (retval != 1)
3134 			break;
3135 
3136 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
3137 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
3138 			return 1;
3139 		}
3140 
3141 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
3142 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
3143 	}
3144 
3145 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
3146 	while (1) {
3147 		int column;
3148 		char buf[64];
3149 
3150 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
3151 		if (retval != 1)
3152 			break;
3153 
3154 		/* read the count per cpu */
3155 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
3156 
3157 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
3158 
3159 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
3160 			if (retval != 1)
3161 				break;
3162 
3163 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
3164 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
3165 
3166 		}
3167 
3168 		while (getc(fp) != '\n') ;	/* flush interrupt description */
3169 
3170 	}
3171 	return 0;
3172 }
3173 
3174 /*
3175  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
3176  *
3177  * record snapshot of
3178  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
3179  *
3180  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3181  */
3182 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
3183 {
3184 	FILE *fp;
3185 	int retval;
3186 
3187 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
3188 
3189 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
3190 	if (retval != 1)
3191 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
3192 
3193 	fclose(fp);
3194 
3195 	return 0;
3196 }
3197 
3198 /*
3199  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
3200  *
3201  * record snapshot of
3202  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
3203  *
3204  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3205  */
3206 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
3207 {
3208 	static FILE *fp;
3209 	int retval;
3210 
3211 	if (fp == NULL)
3212 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
3213 	else {
3214 		rewind(fp);
3215 		fflush(fp);
3216 	}
3217 
3218 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
3219 	if (retval != 1)
3220 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
3221 
3222 	return 0;
3223 }
3224 
3225 /*
3226  * snapshot_gfx_cur_mhz()
3227  *
3228  * record snapshot of
3229  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_act_freq_mhz
3230  *
3231  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3232  */
3233 int snapshot_gfx_act_mhz(void)
3234 {
3235 	static FILE *fp;
3236 	int retval;
3237 
3238 	if (fp == NULL)
3239 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_act_freq_mhz", "r");
3240 	else {
3241 		rewind(fp);
3242 		fflush(fp);
3243 	}
3244 
3245 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_act_mhz);
3246 	if (retval != 1)
3247 		err(1, "GFX ACT MHz");
3248 
3249 	return 0;
3250 }
3251 
3252 /*
3253  * snapshot_cpu_lpi()
3254  *
3255  * record snapshot of
3256  * /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us
3257  */
3258 int snapshot_cpu_lpi_us(void)
3259 {
3260 	FILE *fp;
3261 	int retval;
3262 
3263 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us", "r");
3264 
3265 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us);
3266 	if (retval != 1) {
3267 		fprintf(stderr, "Disabling Low Power Idle CPU output\n");
3268 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
3269 		fclose(fp);
3270 		return -1;
3271 	}
3272 
3273 	fclose(fp);
3274 
3275 	return 0;
3276 }
3277 
3278 /*
3279  * snapshot_sys_lpi()
3280  *
3281  * record snapshot of sys_lpi_file
3282  */
3283 int snapshot_sys_lpi_us(void)
3284 {
3285 	FILE *fp;
3286 	int retval;
3287 
3288 	fp = fopen_or_die(sys_lpi_file, "r");
3289 
3290 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us);
3291 	if (retval != 1) {
3292 		fprintf(stderr, "Disabling Low Power Idle System output\n");
3293 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
3294 		fclose(fp);
3295 		return -1;
3296 	}
3297 	fclose(fp);
3298 
3299 	return 0;
3300 }
3301 
3302 /*
3303  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
3304  *
3305  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
3306  */
3307 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
3308 {
3309 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
3310 		if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
3311 			return 1;
3312 
3313 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
3314 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
3315 
3316 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
3317 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
3318 
3319 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
3320 		snapshot_gfx_act_mhz();
3321 
3322 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
3323 		snapshot_cpu_lpi_us();
3324 
3325 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
3326 		snapshot_sys_lpi_us();
3327 
3328 	return 0;
3329 }
3330 
3331 int exit_requested;
3332 
3333 static void signal_handler(int signal)
3334 {
3335 	switch (signal) {
3336 	case SIGINT:
3337 		exit_requested = 1;
3338 		if (debug)
3339 			fprintf(stderr, " SIGINT\n");
3340 		break;
3341 	case SIGUSR1:
3342 		if (debug > 1)
3343 			fprintf(stderr, "SIGUSR1\n");
3344 		break;
3345 	}
3346 }
3347 
3348 void setup_signal_handler(void)
3349 {
3350 	struct sigaction sa;
3351 
3352 	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
3353 
3354 	sa.sa_handler = &signal_handler;
3355 
3356 	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL) < 0)
3357 		err(1, "sigaction SIGINT");
3358 	if (sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sa, NULL) < 0)
3359 		err(1, "sigaction SIGUSR1");
3360 }
3361 
3362 void do_sleep(void)
3363 {
3364 	struct timeval tout;
3365 	struct timespec rest;
3366 	fd_set readfds;
3367 	int retval;
3368 
3369 	FD_ZERO(&readfds);
3370 	FD_SET(0, &readfds);
3371 
3372 	if (ignore_stdin) {
3373 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
3374 		return;
3375 	}
3376 
3377 	tout = interval_tv;
3378 	retval = select(1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &tout);
3379 
3380 	if (retval == 1) {
3381 		switch (getc(stdin)) {
3382 		case 'q':
3383 			exit_requested = 1;
3384 			break;
3385 		case EOF:
3386 			/*
3387 			 * 'stdin' is a pipe closed on the other end. There
3388 			 * won't be any further input.
3389 			 */
3390 			ignore_stdin = 1;
3391 			/* Sleep the rest of the time */
3392 			rest.tv_sec = (tout.tv_sec + tout.tv_usec / 1000000);
3393 			rest.tv_nsec = (tout.tv_usec % 1000000) * 1000;
3394 			nanosleep(&rest, NULL);
3395 		}
3396 	}
3397 }
3398 
3399 int get_msr_sum(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
3400 {
3401 	int ret, idx;
3402 	unsigned long long msr_cur, msr_last;
3403 
3404 	if (!per_cpu_msr_sum)
3405 		return 1;
3406 
3407 	idx = offset_to_idx(offset);
3408 	if (idx < 0)
3409 		return idx;
3410 	/* get_msr_sum() = sum + (get_msr() - last) */
3411 	ret = get_msr(cpu, offset, &msr_cur);
3412 	if (ret)
3413 		return ret;
3414 	msr_last = per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[idx].last;
3415 	DELTA_WRAP32(msr_cur, msr_last);
3416 	*msr = msr_last + per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[idx].sum;
3417 
3418 	return 0;
3419 }
3420 
3421 timer_t timerid;
3422 
3423 /* Timer callback, update the sum of MSRs periodically. */
3424 static int update_msr_sum(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3425 {
3426 	int i, ret;
3427 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
3428 
3429 	UNUSED(c);
3430 	UNUSED(p);
3431 
3432 	for (i = IDX_PKG_ENERGY; i < IDX_COUNT; i++) {
3433 		unsigned long long msr_cur, msr_last;
3434 		off_t offset;
3435 
3436 		if (!idx_valid(i))
3437 			continue;
3438 		offset = idx_to_offset(i);
3439 		if (offset < 0)
3440 			continue;
3441 		ret = get_msr(cpu, offset, &msr_cur);
3442 		if (ret) {
3443 			fprintf(outf, "Can not update msr(0x%llx)\n", (unsigned long long)offset);
3444 			continue;
3445 		}
3446 
3447 		msr_last = per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[i].last;
3448 		per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[i].last = msr_cur & 0xffffffff;
3449 
3450 		DELTA_WRAP32(msr_cur, msr_last);
3451 		per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[i].sum += msr_last;
3452 	}
3453 	return 0;
3454 }
3455 
3456 static void msr_record_handler(union sigval v)
3457 {
3458 	UNUSED(v);
3459 
3460 	for_all_cpus(update_msr_sum, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3461 }
3462 
3463 void msr_sum_record(void)
3464 {
3465 	struct itimerspec its;
3466 	struct sigevent sev;
3467 
3468 	per_cpu_msr_sum = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(struct msr_sum_array));
3469 	if (!per_cpu_msr_sum) {
3470 		fprintf(outf, "Can not allocate memory for long time MSR.\n");
3471 		return;
3472 	}
3473 	/*
3474 	 * Signal handler might be restricted, so use thread notifier instead.
3475 	 */
3476 	memset(&sev, 0, sizeof(struct sigevent));
3477 	sev.sigev_notify = SIGEV_THREAD;
3478 	sev.sigev_notify_function = msr_record_handler;
3479 
3480 	sev.sigev_value.sival_ptr = &timerid;
3481 	if (timer_create(CLOCK_REALTIME, &sev, &timerid) == -1) {
3482 		fprintf(outf, "Can not create timer.\n");
3483 		goto release_msr;
3484 	}
3485 
3486 	its.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
3487 	its.it_value.tv_nsec = 1;
3488 	/*
3489 	 * A wraparound time has been calculated early.
3490 	 * Some sources state that the peak power for a
3491 	 * microprocessor is usually 1.5 times the TDP rating,
3492 	 * use 2 * TDP for safety.
3493 	 */
3494 	its.it_interval.tv_sec = rapl_joule_counter_range / 2;
3495 	its.it_interval.tv_nsec = 0;
3496 
3497 	if (timer_settime(timerid, 0, &its, NULL) == -1) {
3498 		fprintf(outf, "Can not set timer.\n");
3499 		goto release_timer;
3500 	}
3501 	return;
3502 
3503 release_timer:
3504 	timer_delete(timerid);
3505 release_msr:
3506 	free(per_cpu_msr_sum);
3507 }
3508 
3509 /*
3510  * set_my_sched_priority(pri)
3511  * return previous
3512  *
3513  * if non-root, do this:
3514  * # /sbin/setcap cap_sys_rawio,cap_sys_nice=+ep /usr/bin/turbostat
3515  */
3516 int set_my_sched_priority(int priority)
3517 {
3518 	int retval;
3519 	int original_priority;
3520 
3521 	errno = 0;
3522 	original_priority = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
3523 	if (errno && (original_priority == -1))
3524 		err(errno, "getpriority");
3525 
3526 	retval = setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, priority);
3527 	if (retval)
3528 		err(retval, "setpriority(%d)", priority);
3529 
3530 	errno = 0;
3531 	retval = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
3532 	if (retval != priority)
3533 		err(retval, "getpriority(%d) != setpriority(%d)", retval, priority);
3534 
3535 	return original_priority;
3536 }
3537 
3538 void turbostat_loop()
3539 {
3540 	int retval;
3541 	int restarted = 0;
3542 	unsigned int done_iters = 0;
3543 
3544 	setup_signal_handler();
3545 
3546 	/*
3547 	 * elevate own priority for interval mode
3548 	 */
3549 	set_my_sched_priority(-20);
3550 
3551 restart:
3552 	restarted++;
3553 
3554 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
3555 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3556 	first_counter_read = 0;
3557 	if (retval < -1) {
3558 		exit(retval);
3559 	} else if (retval == -1) {
3560 		if (restarted > 10) {
3561 			exit(retval);
3562 		}
3563 		re_initialize();
3564 		goto restart;
3565 	}
3566 	restarted = 0;
3567 	done_iters = 0;
3568 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3569 
3570 	while (1) {
3571 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
3572 			re_initialize();
3573 			goto restart;
3574 		}
3575 		do_sleep();
3576 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
3577 			goto restart;
3578 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3579 		if (retval < -1) {
3580 			exit(retval);
3581 		} else if (retval == -1) {
3582 			re_initialize();
3583 			goto restart;
3584 		}
3585 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3586 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
3587 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) {
3588 			re_initialize();
3589 			goto restart;
3590 		}
3591 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3592 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3593 		flush_output_stdout();
3594 		if (exit_requested)
3595 			break;
3596 		if (num_iterations && ++done_iters >= num_iterations)
3597 			break;
3598 		do_sleep();
3599 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
3600 			goto restart;
3601 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3602 		if (retval < -1) {
3603 			exit(retval);
3604 		} else if (retval == -1) {
3605 			re_initialize();
3606 			goto restart;
3607 		}
3608 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3609 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
3610 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) {
3611 			re_initialize();
3612 			goto restart;
3613 		}
3614 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
3615 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
3616 		flush_output_stdout();
3617 		if (exit_requested)
3618 			break;
3619 		if (num_iterations && ++done_iters >= num_iterations)
3620 			break;
3621 	}
3622 }
3623 
3624 void check_dev_msr()
3625 {
3626 	struct stat sb;
3627 	char pathname[32];
3628 
3629 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
3630 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
3631 		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
3632 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
3633 }
3634 
3635 /*
3636  * check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO
3637  * return 0 on success
3638  * return 1 on fail
3639  */
3640 int check_for_cap_sys_rawio(void)
3641 {
3642 	cap_t caps;
3643 	cap_flag_value_t cap_flag_value;
3644 
3645 	caps = cap_get_proc();
3646 	if (caps == NULL)
3647 		err(-6, "cap_get_proc\n");
3648 
3649 	if (cap_get_flag(caps, CAP_SYS_RAWIO, CAP_EFFECTIVE, &cap_flag_value))
3650 		err(-6, "cap_get\n");
3651 
3652 	if (cap_flag_value != CAP_SET) {
3653 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed," " try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
3654 		return 1;
3655 	}
3656 
3657 	if (cap_free(caps) == -1)
3658 		err(-6, "cap_free\n");
3659 
3660 	return 0;
3661 }
3662 
3663 void check_permissions(void)
3664 {
3665 	int do_exit = 0;
3666 	char pathname[32];
3667 
3668 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
3669 	do_exit += check_for_cap_sys_rawio();
3670 
3671 	/* test file permissions */
3672 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
3673 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
3674 		do_exit++;
3675 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
3676 	}
3677 
3678 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
3679 	if (do_exit)
3680 		if (getuid() != 0)
3681 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
3682 
3683 	if (do_exit)
3684 		exit(-6);
3685 }
3686 
3687 /*
3688  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
3689  *
3690  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
3691  *
3692  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
3693  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL     0x000000e2
3694  *
3695  * MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT               0x000001aa
3696  *
3697  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
3698  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
3699  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
3700  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
3701  *
3702  * Side effect:
3703  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL
3704  * sets has_misc_feature_control
3705  */
3706 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3707 {
3708 	unsigned long long msr;
3709 	unsigned int base_ratio;
3710 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
3711 
3712 	if (!genuine_intel)
3713 		return 0;
3714 
3715 	if (family != 6)
3716 		return 0;
3717 
3718 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
3719 
3720 	switch (model) {
3721 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
3722 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
3723 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
3724 		break;
3725 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:	/* SNB */
3726 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:	/* SNB Xeon */
3727 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3728 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3729 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
3730 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3731 		break;
3732 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
3733 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
3734 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3735 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
3736 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
3737 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
3738 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3739 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
3740 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
3741 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
3742 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3743 		break;
3744 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3745 		pkg_cstate_limits = skx_pkg_cstate_limits;
3746 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3747 		break;
3748 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:	/* ICX */
3749 		pkg_cstate_limits = icx_pkg_cstate_limits;
3750 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3751 		break;
3752 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
3753 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
3754 		/* FALLTHRU */
3755 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
3756 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
3757 		break;
3758 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT:	/* AMT */
3759 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
3760 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
3761 		break;
3762 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI */
3763 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
3764 		break;
3765 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3766 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
3767 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
3768 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
3769 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:	/* JVL */
3770 		pkg_cstate_limits = glm_pkg_cstate_limits;
3771 		break;
3772 	default:
3773 		return 0;
3774 	}
3775 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
3776 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
3777 
3778 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
3779 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
3780 
3781 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
3782 	has_base_hz = 1;
3783 	return 1;
3784 }
3785 
3786 /*
3787  * SLV client has support for unique MSRs:
3788  *
3789  * MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3790  * MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3791  */
3792 
3793 int has_slv_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3794 {
3795 	if (!genuine_intel)
3796 		return 0;
3797 
3798 	if (family != 6)
3799 		return 0;
3800 
3801 	switch (model) {
3802 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:
3803 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_MID:
3804 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT_MID:
3805 		return 1;
3806 	}
3807 	return 0;
3808 }
3809 
3810 int is_dnv(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3811 {
3812 
3813 	if (!genuine_intel)
3814 		return 0;
3815 
3816 	if (family != 6)
3817 		return 0;
3818 
3819 	switch (model) {
3820 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:
3821 		return 1;
3822 	}
3823 	return 0;
3824 }
3825 
3826 int is_bdx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3827 {
3828 
3829 	if (!genuine_intel)
3830 		return 0;
3831 
3832 	if (family != 6)
3833 		return 0;
3834 
3835 	switch (model) {
3836 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:
3837 		return 1;
3838 	}
3839 	return 0;
3840 }
3841 
3842 int is_skx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3843 {
3844 
3845 	if (!genuine_intel)
3846 		return 0;
3847 
3848 	if (family != 6)
3849 		return 0;
3850 
3851 	switch (model) {
3852 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
3853 		return 1;
3854 	}
3855 	return 0;
3856 }
3857 
3858 int is_icx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3859 {
3860 
3861 	if (!genuine_intel)
3862 		return 0;
3863 
3864 	if (family != 6)
3865 		return 0;
3866 
3867 	switch (model) {
3868 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:
3869 		return 1;
3870 	}
3871 	return 0;
3872 }
3873 
3874 int is_ehl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3875 {
3876 	if (!genuine_intel)
3877 		return 0;
3878 
3879 	if (family != 6)
3880 		return 0;
3881 
3882 	switch (model) {
3883 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:
3884 		return 1;
3885 	}
3886 	return 0;
3887 }
3888 
3889 int is_jvl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3890 {
3891 	if (!genuine_intel)
3892 		return 0;
3893 
3894 	if (family != 6)
3895 		return 0;
3896 
3897 	switch (model) {
3898 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:
3899 		return 1;
3900 	}
3901 	return 0;
3902 }
3903 
3904 int has_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3905 {
3906 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3907 		return 0;
3908 
3909 	if (family != 6)
3910 		return 0;
3911 
3912 	switch (model) {
3913 		/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
3914 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
3915 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
3916 		return 0;
3917 	default:
3918 		return 1;
3919 	}
3920 }
3921 
3922 int has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3923 {
3924 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3925 		return 1;
3926 
3927 	return 0;
3928 }
3929 
3930 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3931 {
3932 	if (!genuine_intel)
3933 		return 0;
3934 
3935 	if (family != 6)
3936 		return 0;
3937 
3938 	switch (model) {
3939 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3940 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
3941 		return 1;
3942 	default:
3943 		return 0;
3944 	}
3945 }
3946 
3947 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3948 {
3949 	if (!genuine_intel)
3950 		return 0;
3951 
3952 	if (family != 6)
3953 		return 0;
3954 
3955 	switch (model) {
3956 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
3957 		return 1;
3958 	default:
3959 		return 0;
3960 	}
3961 }
3962 
3963 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3964 {
3965 	if (!genuine_intel)
3966 		return 0;
3967 
3968 	if (family != 6)
3969 		return 0;
3970 
3971 	switch (model) {
3972 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
3973 		return 1;
3974 	default:
3975 		return 0;
3976 	}
3977 }
3978 
3979 int has_glm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3980 {
3981 	if (!genuine_intel)
3982 		return 0;
3983 
3984 	if (family != 6)
3985 		return 0;
3986 
3987 	switch (model) {
3988 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
3989 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
3990 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:
3991 		return 1;
3992 	default:
3993 		return 0;
3994 	}
3995 }
3996 
3997 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3998 {
3999 	if (!genuine_intel)
4000 		return 0;
4001 
4002 	if (family != 6)
4003 		return 0;
4004 
4005 	switch (model) {
4006 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
4007 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
4008 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4009 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4010 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
4011 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
4012 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
4013 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4014 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4015 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4016 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4017 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:	/* ICX */
4018 
4019 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
4020 		return 1;
4021 	default:
4022 		return 0;
4023 	}
4024 }
4025 
4026 /*
4027  * tcc_offset_bits:
4028  * 0: Tcc Offset not supported (Default)
4029  * 6: Bit 29:24 of MSR_PLATFORM_INFO
4030  * 4: Bit 27:24 of MSR_PLATFORM_INFO
4031  */
4032 void check_tcc_offset(int model)
4033 {
4034 	unsigned long long msr;
4035 
4036 	if (!genuine_intel)
4037 		return;
4038 
4039 	switch (model) {
4040 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:
4041 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE:
4042 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_L:
4043 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE:
4044 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_L:
4045 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE:
4046 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE_L:
4047 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE:
4048 	case INTEL_FAM6_COMETLAKE:
4049 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr)) {
4050 			msr = (msr >> 30) & 1;
4051 			if (msr)
4052 				tcc_offset_bits = 6;
4053 		}
4054 		return;
4055 	default:
4056 		return;
4057 	}
4058 }
4059 
4060 static void remove_underbar(char *s)
4061 {
4062 	char *to = s;
4063 
4064 	while (*s) {
4065 		if (*s != '_')
4066 			*to++ = *s;
4067 		s++;
4068 	}
4069 
4070 	*to = 0;
4071 }
4072 
4073 static void dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4074 {
4075 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
4076 		return;
4077 
4078 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
4079 
4080 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
4081 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
4082 
4083 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
4084 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
4085 
4086 	if (has_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
4087 		dump_turbo_ratio_limits(family, model);
4088 
4089 	if (has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
4090 		dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits();
4091 
4092 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
4093 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
4094 
4095 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
4096 		dump_config_tdp();
4097 
4098 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
4099 }
4100 
4101 static void dump_sysfs_file(char *path)
4102 {
4103 	FILE *input;
4104 	char cpuidle_buf[64];
4105 
4106 	input = fopen(path, "r");
4107 	if (input == NULL) {
4108 		if (debug)
4109 			fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
4110 		return;
4111 	}
4112 	if (!fgets(cpuidle_buf, sizeof(cpuidle_buf), input))
4113 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
4114 	fclose(input);
4115 
4116 	fprintf(outf, "%s: %s", strrchr(path, '/') + 1, cpuidle_buf);
4117 }
4118 
4119 static void dump_sysfs_cstate_config(void)
4120 {
4121 	char path[64];
4122 	char name_buf[16];
4123 	char desc[64];
4124 	FILE *input;
4125 	int state;
4126 	char *sp;
4127 
4128 	if (access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle", R_OK)) {
4129 		fprintf(outf, "cpuidle not loaded\n");
4130 		return;
4131 	}
4132 
4133 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_driver");
4134 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_governor");
4135 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_governor_ro");
4136 
4137 	for (state = 0; state < 10; ++state) {
4138 
4139 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name", base_cpu, state);
4140 		input = fopen(path, "r");
4141 		if (input == NULL)
4142 			continue;
4143 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
4144 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
4145 
4146 		/* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
4147 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
4148 		if (!sp)
4149 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
4150 		*sp = '\0';
4151 		fclose(input);
4152 
4153 		remove_underbar(name_buf);
4154 
4155 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/desc", base_cpu, state);
4156 		input = fopen(path, "r");
4157 		if (input == NULL)
4158 			continue;
4159 		if (!fgets(desc, sizeof(desc), input))
4160 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
4161 
4162 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %s", base_cpu, name_buf, desc);
4163 		fclose(input);
4164 	}
4165 }
4166 
4167 static void dump_sysfs_pstate_config(void)
4168 {
4169 	char path[64];
4170 	char driver_buf[64];
4171 	char governor_buf[64];
4172 	FILE *input;
4173 	int turbo;
4174 
4175 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_driver", base_cpu);
4176 	input = fopen(path, "r");
4177 	if (input == NULL) {
4178 		fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
4179 		return;
4180 	}
4181 	if (!fgets(driver_buf, sizeof(driver_buf), input))
4182 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
4183 	fclose(input);
4184 
4185 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_governor", base_cpu);
4186 	input = fopen(path, "r");
4187 	if (input == NULL) {
4188 		fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
4189 		return;
4190 	}
4191 	if (!fgets(governor_buf, sizeof(governor_buf), input))
4192 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
4193 	fclose(input);
4194 
4195 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq driver: %s", base_cpu, driver_buf);
4196 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq governor: %s", base_cpu, governor_buf);
4197 
4198 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/boost");
4199 	input = fopen(path, "r");
4200 	if (input != NULL) {
4201 		if (fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo) != 1)
4202 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
4203 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq boost: %d\n", turbo);
4204 		fclose(input);
4205 	}
4206 
4207 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo");
4208 	input = fopen(path, "r");
4209 	if (input != NULL) {
4210 		if (fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo) != 1)
4211 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
4212 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq intel_pstate no_turbo: %d\n", turbo);
4213 		fclose(input);
4214 	}
4215 }
4216 
4217 /*
4218  * print_epb()
4219  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
4220  */
4221 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4222 {
4223 	char *epb_string;
4224 	int cpu, epb;
4225 
4226 	UNUSED(c);
4227 	UNUSED(p);
4228 
4229 	if (!has_epb)
4230 		return 0;
4231 
4232 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4233 
4234 	/* EPB is per-package */
4235 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4236 		return 0;
4237 
4238 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4239 		fprintf(outf, "print_epb: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4240 		return -1;
4241 	}
4242 
4243 	epb = get_epb(cpu);
4244 	if (epb < 0)
4245 		return 0;
4246 
4247 	switch (epb) {
4248 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
4249 		epb_string = "performance";
4250 		break;
4251 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
4252 		epb_string = "balanced";
4253 		break;
4254 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
4255 		epb_string = "powersave";
4256 		break;
4257 	default:
4258 		epb_string = "custom";
4259 		break;
4260 	}
4261 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: EPB: %d (%s)\n", cpu, epb, epb_string);
4262 
4263 	return 0;
4264 }
4265 
4266 /*
4267  * print_hwp()
4268  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
4269  */
4270 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4271 {
4272 	unsigned long long msr;
4273 	int cpu;
4274 
4275 	UNUSED(c);
4276 	UNUSED(p);
4277 
4278 	if (!has_hwp)
4279 		return 0;
4280 
4281 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4282 
4283 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
4284 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4285 		return 0;
4286 
4287 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4288 		fprintf(outf, "print_hwp: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4289 		return -1;
4290 	}
4291 
4292 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
4293 		return 0;
4294 
4295 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n", cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
4296 
4297 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
4298 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
4299 		return 0;
4300 
4301 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
4302 		return 0;
4303 
4304 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
4305 		"(high %d guar %d eff %d low %d)\n",
4306 		cpu, msr,
4307 		(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
4308 		(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
4309 		(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr), (unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
4310 
4311 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
4312 		return 0;
4313 
4314 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
4315 		"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
4316 		cpu, msr,
4317 		(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
4318 		(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
4319 		(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
4320 		(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
4321 		(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3), (unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
4322 
4323 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
4324 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
4325 			return 0;
4326 
4327 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
4328 			"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
4329 			cpu, msr,
4330 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
4331 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
4332 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
4333 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff), (unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
4334 	}
4335 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
4336 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4337 			return 0;
4338 
4339 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
4340 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
4341 			cpu, msr, ((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis", ((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
4342 	}
4343 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
4344 		return 0;
4345 
4346 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
4347 		"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
4348 		cpu, msr, ((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-", ((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
4349 
4350 	return 0;
4351 }
4352 
4353 /*
4354  * print_perf_limit()
4355  */
4356 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4357 {
4358 	unsigned long long msr;
4359 	int cpu;
4360 
4361 	UNUSED(c);
4362 	UNUSED(p);
4363 
4364 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4365 
4366 	/* per-package */
4367 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4368 		return 0;
4369 
4370 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4371 		fprintf(outf, "print_perf_limit: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4372 		return -1;
4373 	}
4374 
4375 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
4376 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
4377 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
4378 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
4379 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
4380 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
4381 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
4382 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
4383 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
4384 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
4385 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
4386 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
4387 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4388 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
4389 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4390 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
4391 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "", (msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
4392 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
4393 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
4394 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
4395 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
4396 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
4397 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
4398 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
4399 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
4400 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
4401 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4402 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
4403 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4404 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
4405 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "", (msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
4406 
4407 	}
4408 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
4409 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
4410 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
4411 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
4412 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4413 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4414 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4415 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4416 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
4417 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
4418 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "", (msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4419 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
4420 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4421 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4422 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4423 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4424 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
4425 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
4426 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "", (msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4427 	}
4428 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
4429 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
4430 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
4431 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
4432 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4433 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4434 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4435 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
4436 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "", (msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4437 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
4438 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4439 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4440 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4441 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
4442 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "", (msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4443 	}
4444 	return 0;
4445 }
4446 
4447 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
4448 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F	/* 6 bit time granularity */
4449 
4450 double get_tdp_intel(unsigned int model)
4451 {
4452 	unsigned long long msr;
4453 
4454 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
4455 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4456 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
4457 
4458 	switch (model) {
4459 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:
4460 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:
4461 		return 30.0;
4462 	default:
4463 		return 135.0;
4464 	}
4465 }
4466 
4467 double get_tdp_amd(unsigned int family)
4468 {
4469 	UNUSED(family);
4470 
4471 	/* This is the max stock TDP of HEDT/Server Fam17h+ chips */
4472 	return 280.0;
4473 }
4474 
4475 /*
4476  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
4477  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
4478  */
4479 static double rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int model, double rapl_energy_units)
4480 {
4481 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
4482 
4483 	switch (model) {
4484 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4485 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4486 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4487 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4488 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:	/* ICX */
4489 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
4490 	default:
4491 		return (rapl_energy_units);
4492 	}
4493 }
4494 
4495 void rapl_probe_intel(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4496 {
4497 	unsigned long long msr;
4498 	unsigned int time_unit;
4499 	double tdp;
4500 
4501 	if (family != 6)
4502 		return;
4503 
4504 	switch (model) {
4505 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
4506 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:
4507 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
4508 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4509 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
4510 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
4511 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
4512 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4513 		if (rapl_joules) {
4514 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4515 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4516 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
4517 		} else {
4518 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4519 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4520 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
4521 		}
4522 		break;
4523 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4524 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4525 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4526 		if (rapl_joules)
4527 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4528 		else
4529 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4530 		break;
4531 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
4532 		do_rapl =
4533 		    RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS
4534 		    | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4535 		if (rapl_joules) {
4536 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4537 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4538 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4539 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
4540 		} else {
4541 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4542 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4543 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4544 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
4545 		}
4546 		break;
4547 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:	/* JVL */
4548 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4549 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4550 		if (rapl_joules)
4551 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4552 		else
4553 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4554 		break;
4555 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4556 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4557 		do_rapl =
4558 		    RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS
4559 		    | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4560 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4561 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4562 		if (rapl_joules) {
4563 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4564 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4565 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4566 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
4567 		} else {
4568 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4569 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4570 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4571 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
4572 		}
4573 		break;
4574 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4575 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4576 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4577 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:	/* ICX */
4578 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4579 		do_rapl =
4580 		    RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS |
4581 		    RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4582 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4583 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4584 		if (rapl_joules) {
4585 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4586 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4587 		} else {
4588 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4589 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4590 		}
4591 		break;
4592 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
4593 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:
4594 		do_rapl =
4595 		    RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS |
4596 		    RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4597 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4598 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4599 		if (rapl_joules) {
4600 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4601 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4602 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4603 		} else {
4604 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4605 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4606 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4607 		}
4608 		break;
4609 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
4610 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
4611 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
4612 		if (rapl_joules) {
4613 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4614 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4615 		} else {
4616 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4617 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4618 		}
4619 		break;
4620 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
4621 		do_rapl =
4622 		    RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS |
4623 		    RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
4624 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4625 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4626 		if (rapl_joules) {
4627 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4628 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4629 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4630 		} else {
4631 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4632 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4633 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4634 		}
4635 		break;
4636 	default:
4637 		return;
4638 	}
4639 
4640 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
4641 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
4642 		return;
4643 
4644 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
4645 	if (model == INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT)
4646 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
4647 	else
4648 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
4649 
4650 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
4651 
4652 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
4653 	if (time_unit == 0)
4654 		time_unit = 0xA;
4655 
4656 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
4657 
4658 	tdp = get_tdp_intel(model);
4659 
4660 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
4661 	if (!quiet)
4662 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
4663 }
4664 
4665 void rapl_probe_amd(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4666 {
4667 	unsigned long long msr;
4668 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
4669 	unsigned int has_rapl = 0;
4670 	double tdp;
4671 
4672 	UNUSED(model);
4673 
4674 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
4675 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4676 		/* RAPL (Fam 17h+) */
4677 		has_rapl = edx & (1 << 14);
4678 	}
4679 
4680 	if (!has_rapl || family < 0x17)
4681 		return;
4682 
4683 	do_rapl = RAPL_AMD_F17H | RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY;
4684 	if (rapl_joules) {
4685 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4686 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4687 	} else {
4688 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4689 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4690 	}
4691 
4692 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT, &msr))
4693 		return;
4694 
4695 	rapl_time_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr >> 16 & 0xf));
4696 	rapl_energy_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr >> 8 & 0x1f));
4697 	rapl_power_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr & 0xf));
4698 
4699 	tdp = get_tdp_amd(family);
4700 
4701 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
4702 	if (!quiet)
4703 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
4704 }
4705 
4706 /*
4707  * rapl_probe()
4708  *
4709  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
4710  */
4711 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4712 {
4713 	if (genuine_intel)
4714 		rapl_probe_intel(family, model);
4715 	if (authentic_amd || hygon_genuine)
4716 		rapl_probe_amd(family, model);
4717 }
4718 
4719 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4720 {
4721 	if (!genuine_intel)
4722 		return;
4723 
4724 	if (family != 6)
4725 		return;
4726 
4727 	switch (model) {
4728 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
4729 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4730 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
4731 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4732 		/* FALLTHRU */
4733 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4734 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4735 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4736 	default:
4737 		return;
4738 	}
4739 }
4740 
4741 void automatic_cstate_conversion_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4742 {
4743 	if (is_skx(family, model) || is_bdx(family, model) || is_icx(family, model))
4744 		has_automatic_cstate_conversion = 1;
4745 }
4746 
4747 void prewake_cstate_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4748 {
4749 	if (is_icx(family, model))
4750 		dis_cstate_prewake = 1;
4751 }
4752 
4753 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4754 {
4755 	unsigned long long msr;
4756 	unsigned int dts, dts2;
4757 	int cpu;
4758 
4759 	UNUSED(c);
4760 	UNUSED(p);
4761 
4762 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
4763 		return 0;
4764 
4765 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4766 
4767 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
4768 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
4769 		return 0;
4770 
4771 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4772 		fprintf(outf, "print_thermal: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4773 		return -1;
4774 	}
4775 
4776 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
4777 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
4778 			return 0;
4779 
4780 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4781 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n", cpu, msr, tj_max - dts);
4782 
4783 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4784 			return 0;
4785 
4786 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4787 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
4788 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
4789 			cpu, msr, tj_max - dts, tj_max - dts2);
4790 	}
4791 
4792 	if (do_dts && debug) {
4793 		unsigned int resolution;
4794 
4795 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
4796 			return 0;
4797 
4798 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4799 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
4800 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
4801 			cpu, msr, tj_max - dts, resolution);
4802 
4803 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4804 			return 0;
4805 
4806 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4807 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
4808 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
4809 			cpu, msr, tj_max - dts, tj_max - dts2);
4810 	}
4811 
4812 	return 0;
4813 }
4814 
4815 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
4816 {
4817 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%0.3f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
4818 		cpu, label,
4819 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4820 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
4821 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3) / 4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
4822 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
4823 
4824 	return;
4825 }
4826 
4827 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4828 {
4829 	unsigned long long msr;
4830 	const char *msr_name;
4831 	int cpu;
4832 
4833 	UNUSED(c);
4834 	UNUSED(p);
4835 
4836 	if (!do_rapl)
4837 		return 0;
4838 
4839 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
4840 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4841 		return 0;
4842 
4843 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4844 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4845 		fprintf(outf, "print_rapl: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4846 		return -1;
4847 	}
4848 
4849 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
4850 		msr_name = "MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT";
4851 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT, &msr))
4852 			return -1;
4853 	} else {
4854 		msr_name = "MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT";
4855 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
4856 			return -1;
4857 	}
4858 
4859 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: 0x%08llx (%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr_name, msr,
4860 		rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
4861 
4862 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
4863 
4864 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4865 			return -5;
4866 
4867 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
4868 			cpu, msr,
4869 			((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4870 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4871 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4872 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
4873 
4874 	}
4875 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
4876 
4877 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4878 			return -9;
4879 
4880 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4881 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4882 
4883 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
4884 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%0.3f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
4885 			cpu,
4886 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4887 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
4888 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3) / 4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
4889 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4890 
4891 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_VR_CURRENT_CONFIG, &msr))
4892 			return -9;
4893 
4894 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_VR_CURRENT_CONFIG: 0x%08llx\n", cpu, msr);
4895 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #4: %f Watts (%slocked)\n",
4896 			cpu, ((msr >> 0) & 0x1FFF) * rapl_power_units, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4897 	}
4898 
4899 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
4900 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4901 			return -6;
4902 
4903 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
4904 			cpu, msr,
4905 			((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4906 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4907 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4908 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
4909 	}
4910 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
4911 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4912 			return -9;
4913 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4914 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4915 
4916 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
4917 	}
4918 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
4919 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
4920 			return -7;
4921 
4922 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
4923 	}
4924 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT) {
4925 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4926 			return -9;
4927 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4928 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4929 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
4930 	}
4931 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
4932 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
4933 			return -8;
4934 
4935 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
4936 
4937 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4938 			return -9;
4939 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4940 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4941 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
4942 	}
4943 	return 0;
4944 }
4945 
4946 /*
4947  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
4948  *
4949  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
4950  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
4951  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
4952  */
4953 
4954 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4955 {
4956 	if (!genuine_intel)
4957 		return 0;
4958 
4959 	if (family != 6)
4960 		return 0;
4961 
4962 	switch (model) {
4963 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
4964 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
4965 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
4966 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
4967 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
4968 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW */
4969 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4970 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
4971 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
4972 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
4973 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4974 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4975 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4976 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4977 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:	/* ICX */
4978 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4979 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4980 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
4981 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
4982 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:	/* JVL */
4983 		return 1;
4984 	}
4985 	return 0;
4986 }
4987 
4988 /*
4989  * HSW ULT added support for C8/C9/C10 MSRs:
4990  *
4991  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
4992  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
4993  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
4994  *
4995  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
4996  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
4997  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
4998  *
4999  */
5000 int has_c8910_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
5001 {
5002 	if (!genuine_intel)
5003 		return 0;
5004 
5005 	if (family != 6)
5006 		return 0;
5007 
5008 	switch (model) {
5009 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
5010 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
5011 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
5012 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
5013 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
5014 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
5015 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
5016 		return 1;
5017 	}
5018 	return 0;
5019 }
5020 
5021 /*
5022  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
5023  *
5024  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
5025  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
5026  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
5027  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
5028  */
5029 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
5030 {
5031 	if (!genuine_intel)
5032 		return 0;
5033 
5034 	if (family != 6)
5035 		return 0;
5036 
5037 	switch (model) {
5038 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
5039 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
5040 		return 1;
5041 	}
5042 	return 0;
5043 }
5044 
5045 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
5046 {
5047 	if (!genuine_intel)
5048 		return 0;
5049 
5050 	if (family != 6)
5051 		return 0;
5052 
5053 	switch (model) {
5054 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
5055 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
5056 		return 1;
5057 	}
5058 	return 0;
5059 }
5060 
5061 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
5062 {
5063 	if (!genuine_intel)
5064 		return 0;
5065 
5066 	if (family != 6)
5067 		return 0;
5068 
5069 	switch (model) {
5070 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
5071 		return 1;
5072 	}
5073 	return 0;
5074 }
5075 
5076 int is_cnl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
5077 {
5078 	if (!genuine_intel)
5079 		return 0;
5080 
5081 	if (family != 6)
5082 		return 0;
5083 
5084 	switch (model) {
5085 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
5086 		return 1;
5087 	}
5088 
5089 	return 0;
5090 }
5091 
5092 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
5093 {
5094 	if (is_knl(family, model))
5095 		return 1024;
5096 	return 1;
5097 }
5098 
5099 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
5100 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0 };
5101 
5102 double slm_bclk(void)
5103 {
5104 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
5105 	unsigned int i;
5106 	double freq;
5107 
5108 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
5109 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
5110 
5111 	i = msr & 0xf;
5112 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
5113 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
5114 		i = 3;
5115 	}
5116 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
5117 
5118 	if (!quiet)
5119 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
5120 
5121 	return freq;
5122 }
5123 
5124 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
5125 {
5126 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
5127 		return 100.00;
5128 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
5129 		return slm_bclk();
5130 	else
5131 		return 133.33;
5132 }
5133 
5134 int get_cpu_type(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
5135 {
5136 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
5137 
5138 	UNUSED(c);
5139 	UNUSED(p);
5140 
5141 	if (!genuine_intel)
5142 		return 0;
5143 
5144 	if (cpu_migrate(t->cpu_id)) {
5145 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", t->cpu_id);
5146 		return -1;
5147 	}
5148 
5149 	if (max_level < 0x1a)
5150 		return 0;
5151 
5152 	__cpuid(0x1a, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
5153 	eax = (eax >> 24) & 0xFF;
5154 	if (eax == 0x20)
5155 		t->is_atom = true;
5156 	return 0;
5157 }
5158 
5159 /*
5160  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
5161  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
5162  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
5163  *
5164  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
5165  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
5166  *
5167  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
5168  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
5169  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
5170  */
5171 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
5172 {
5173 	unsigned long long msr;
5174 	unsigned int tcc_default, tcc_offset;
5175 	int cpu;
5176 
5177 	UNUSED(c);
5178 	UNUSED(p);
5179 
5180 	/* tj_max is used only for dts or ptm */
5181 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
5182 		return 0;
5183 
5184 	/* this is a per-package concept */
5185 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
5186 		return 0;
5187 
5188 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
5189 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
5190 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
5191 		return -1;
5192 	}
5193 
5194 	if (tj_max_override != 0) {
5195 		tj_max = tj_max_override;
5196 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n", cpu, tj_max);
5197 		return 0;
5198 	}
5199 
5200 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
5201 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
5202 		goto guess;
5203 
5204 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
5205 		goto guess;
5206 
5207 	tcc_default = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
5208 
5209 	if (!quiet) {
5210 		switch (tcc_offset_bits) {
5211 		case 4:
5212 			tcc_offset = (msr >> 24) & 0xF;
5213 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C) (%d default - %d offset)\n",
5214 				cpu, msr, tcc_default - tcc_offset, tcc_default, tcc_offset);
5215 			break;
5216 		case 6:
5217 			tcc_offset = (msr >> 24) & 0x3F;
5218 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C) (%d default - %d offset)\n",
5219 				cpu, msr, tcc_default - tcc_offset, tcc_default, tcc_offset);
5220 			break;
5221 		default:
5222 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n", cpu, msr, tcc_default);
5223 			break;
5224 		}
5225 	}
5226 
5227 	if (!tcc_default)
5228 		goto guess;
5229 
5230 	tj_max = tcc_default;
5231 
5232 	return 0;
5233 
5234 guess:
5235 	tj_max = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
5236 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n", cpu, tj_max);
5237 
5238 	return 0;
5239 }
5240 
5241 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
5242 {
5243 	unsigned long long msr;
5244 
5245 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEAT_CTL, &msr))
5246 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
5247 			base_cpu, msr, msr & FEAT_CTL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-", msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
5248 }
5249 
5250 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
5251 {
5252 	unsigned long long msr;
5253 
5254 	if (!genuine_intel)
5255 		return;
5256 
5257 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
5258 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sTCC %sEIST %sMWAIT %sPREFETCH %sTURBO)\n",
5259 			base_cpu, msr,
5260 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TM1 ? "" : "No-",
5261 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP ? "" : "No-",
5262 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_MWAIT ? "" : "No-",
5263 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_PREFETCH_DISABLE ? "No-" : "",
5264 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TURBO_DISABLE ? "No-" : "");
5265 }
5266 
5267 void decode_misc_feature_control(void)
5268 {
5269 	unsigned long long msr;
5270 
5271 	if (!has_misc_feature_control)
5272 		return;
5273 
5274 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
5275 		fprintf(outf,
5276 			"cpu%d: MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sL2-Prefetch %sL2-Prefetch-pair %sL1-Prefetch %sL1-IP-Prefetch)\n",
5277 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (0 << 0) ? "No-" : "", msr & (1 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
5278 			msr & (2 << 0) ? "No-" : "", msr & (3 << 0) ? "No-" : "");
5279 }
5280 
5281 /*
5282  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
5283  *
5284  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
5285  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
5286  * bit[1] less so...
5287  */
5288 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
5289 {
5290 	unsigned long long msr;
5291 
5292 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
5293 		return;
5294 
5295 	if (no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT)
5296 		return;
5297 
5298 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
5299 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB %sable-OOB)\n",
5300 			base_cpu, msr,
5301 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN", msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS", msr & (1 << 8) ? "EN" : "DIS");
5302 }
5303 
5304 /*
5305  * Decode MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
5306  *
5307  * This MSRs are present on Silvermont processors,
5308  * Intel Atom processor E3000 series (Baytrail), and friends.
5309  */
5310 void decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr(void)
5311 {
5312 	unsigned long long msr;
5313 
5314 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
5315 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-CC6-Demotion)\n",
5316 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
5317 
5318 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
5319 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-MC6-Demotion)\n",
5320 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
5321 }
5322 
5323 /*
5324  * When models are the same, for the purpose of turbostat, reuse
5325  */
5326 unsigned int intel_model_duplicates(unsigned int model)
5327 {
5328 
5329 	switch (model) {
5330 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EP:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
5331 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
5332 	case 0x1F:		/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
5333 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
5334 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EP:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
5335 		return INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM;
5336 
5337 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
5338 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
5339 		return INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX;
5340 
5341 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
5342 		return INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL;
5343 
5344 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:
5345 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_D:	/* BDX-DE */
5346 		return INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X;
5347 
5348 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:
5349 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE:
5350 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_L:
5351 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE:
5352 	case INTEL_FAM6_COMETLAKE_L:
5353 	case INTEL_FAM6_COMETLAKE:
5354 		return INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L;
5355 
5356 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_L:
5357 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_NNPI:
5358 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE_L:
5359 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE:
5360 	case INTEL_FAM6_ROCKETLAKE:
5361 	case INTEL_FAM6_LAKEFIELD:
5362 	case INTEL_FAM6_ALDERLAKE:
5363 	case INTEL_FAM6_ALDERLAKE_L:
5364 		return INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L;
5365 
5366 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_L:
5367 		return INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT;
5368 
5369 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_D:
5370 	case INTEL_FAM6_SAPPHIRERAPIDS_X:
5371 		return INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X;
5372 	}
5373 	return model;
5374 }
5375 
5376 void print_dev_latency(void)
5377 {
5378 	char *path = "/dev/cpu_dma_latency";
5379 	int fd;
5380 	int value;
5381 	int retval;
5382 
5383 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
5384 	if (fd < 0) {
5385 		warn("fopen %s\n", path);
5386 		return;
5387 	}
5388 
5389 	retval = read(fd, (void *)&value, sizeof(int));
5390 	if (retval != sizeof(int)) {
5391 		warn("read %s\n", path);
5392 		close(fd);
5393 		return;
5394 	}
5395 	fprintf(outf, "/dev/cpu_dma_latency: %d usec (%s)\n", value, value == 2000000000 ? "default" : "constrained");
5396 
5397 	close(fd);
5398 }
5399 
5400 /*
5401  * Linux-perf manages the the HW instructions-retired counter
5402  * by enabling when requested, and hiding rollover
5403  */
5404 void linux_perf_init(void)
5405 {
5406 	if (!BIC_IS_ENABLED(BIC_IPC))
5407 		return;
5408 
5409 	if (access("/proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid", F_OK))
5410 		return;
5411 
5412 	fd_instr_count_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
5413 	if (fd_instr_count_percpu == NULL)
5414 		err(-1, "calloc fd_instr_count_percpu");
5415 
5416 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IPC);
5417 }
5418 
5419 void process_cpuid()
5420 {
5421 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
5422 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping, ecx_flags, edx_flags;
5423 	unsigned int has_turbo;
5424 	unsigned long long ucode_patch = 0;
5425 
5426 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
5427 
5428 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
5429 
5430 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && ecx == 0x6c65746e && edx == 0x49656e69)
5431 		genuine_intel = 1;
5432 	else if (ebx == 0x68747541 && ecx == 0x444d4163 && edx == 0x69746e65)
5433 		authentic_amd = 1;
5434 	else if (ebx == 0x6f677948 && ecx == 0x656e6975 && edx == 0x6e65476e)
5435 		hygon_genuine = 1;
5436 
5437 	if (!quiet)
5438 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s 0x%x CPUID levels\n",
5439 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx, max_level);
5440 
5441 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
5442 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
5443 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
5444 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
5445 	if (family == 0xf)
5446 		family += (fms >> 20) & 0xff;
5447 	if (family >= 6)
5448 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
5449 	ecx_flags = ecx;
5450 	edx_flags = edx;
5451 
5452 	if (get_msr(sched_getcpu(), MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, &ucode_patch))
5453 		warnx("get_msr(UCODE)\n");
5454 
5455 	/*
5456 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
5457 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
5458 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
5459 	 */
5460 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
5461 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
5462 
5463 	if (!quiet) {
5464 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d) microcode 0x%x\n",
5465 			family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping,
5466 			(unsigned int)((ucode_patch >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF));
5467 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x80000000): max_extended_levels: 0x%x\n", max_extended_level);
5468 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
5469 			ecx_flags & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
5470 			ecx_flags & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
5471 			ecx_flags & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
5472 			ecx_flags & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
5473 			ecx_flags & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
5474 			edx_flags & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
5475 			edx_flags & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
5476 			edx_flags & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
5477 			edx_flags & (1 << 28) ? "HT" : "-", edx_flags & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
5478 	}
5479 	if (genuine_intel) {
5480 		model_orig = model;
5481 		model = intel_model_duplicates(model);
5482 	}
5483 
5484 	if (!(edx_flags & (1 << 5)))
5485 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
5486 
5487 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
5488 
5489 		/*
5490 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
5491 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
5492 		 */
5493 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
5494 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
5495 	}
5496 
5497 	/*
5498 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
5499 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
5500 	 */
5501 
5502 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
5503 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
5504 	if (has_aperf) {
5505 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Avg_MHz);
5506 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Busy);
5507 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Bzy_MHz);
5508 	}
5509 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
5510 	if (do_dts)
5511 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CoreTmp);
5512 	has_turbo = eax & (1 << 1);
5513 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
5514 	if (do_ptm)
5515 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgTmp);
5516 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
5517 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
5518 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
5519 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
5520 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
5521 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
5522 
5523 	if (!quiet)
5524 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sTURBO, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
5525 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
5526 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
5527 			has_turbo ? "" : "No-",
5528 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
5529 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
5530 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
5531 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
5532 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
5533 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-", has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-", has_epb ? "" : "No-");
5534 
5535 	if (!quiet)
5536 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
5537 
5538 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && !quiet) {
5539 		int has_sgx;
5540 
5541 		ecx = 0;
5542 
5543 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
5544 
5545 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
5546 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
5547 
5548 		if (has_sgx)
5549 			decode_feature_control_msr();
5550 	}
5551 
5552 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
5553 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
5554 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
5555 
5556 		/*
5557 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
5558 		 */
5559 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
5560 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
5561 
5562 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
5563 
5564 			if (!quiet && (ebx != 0))
5565 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
5566 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
5567 
5568 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
5569 				switch (model) {
5570 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
5571 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
5572 					break;
5573 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
5574 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
5575 					break;
5576 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
5577 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
5578 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
5579 					break;
5580 				default:
5581 					crystal_hz = 0;
5582 				}
5583 
5584 			if (crystal_hz) {
5585 				tsc_hz = (unsigned long long)crystal_hz *ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
5586 				if (!quiet)
5587 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
5588 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc, eax_crystal);
5589 			}
5590 		}
5591 	}
5592 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
5593 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
5594 
5595 		/*
5596 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
5597 		 */
5598 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
5599 
5600 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
5601 		if (!quiet)
5602 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
5603 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
5604 	}
5605 
5606 	if (has_aperf)
5607 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
5608 
5609 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IRQ);
5610 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_TSC_MHz);
5611 
5612 	if (probe_nhm_msrs(family, model)) {
5613 		do_nhm_platform_info = 1;
5614 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
5615 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5616 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c6);
5617 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SMI);
5618 	}
5619 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
5620 
5621 	if (do_snb_cstates)
5622 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5623 
5624 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
5625 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2))
5626 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
5627 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3)
5628 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5629 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6)
5630 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
5631 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7))
5632 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5633 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model)) {
5634 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
5635 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5636 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
5637 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5638 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Mod_c6);
5639 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
5640 	}
5641 	if (is_jvl(family, model)) {
5642 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5643 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5644 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
5645 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5646 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
5647 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5648 	}
5649 	if (is_dnv(family, model)) {
5650 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
5651 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5652 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5653 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5654 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5655 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
5656 	}
5657 	if (is_skx(family, model) || is_icx(family, model)) {
5658 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5659 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5660 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5661 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5662 	}
5663 	if (is_bdx(family, model)) {
5664 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5665 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5666 	}
5667 	if (has_c8910_msrs(family, model)) {
5668 		if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__8)
5669 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc8);
5670 		if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__9)
5671 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc9);
5672 		if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL_10)
5673 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc10);
5674 	}
5675 	do_irtl_hsw = has_c8910_msrs(family, model);
5676 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model)) {
5677 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Totl_c0);
5678 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Any_c0);
5679 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_c0);
5680 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPUGFX);
5681 	}
5682 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
5683 	do_knl_cstates = is_knl(family, model);
5684 
5685 	if (do_slm_cstates || do_knl_cstates || is_cnl(family, model) || is_ehl(family, model))
5686 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5687 
5688 	if (!quiet)
5689 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
5690 
5691 	if (!quiet && has_slv_msrs(family, model))
5692 		decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr();
5693 
5694 	rapl_probe(family, model);
5695 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
5696 	automatic_cstate_conversion_probe(family, model);
5697 
5698 	check_tcc_offset(model_orig);
5699 
5700 	if (!quiet)
5701 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
5702 
5703 	if (!quiet)
5704 		print_dev_latency();
5705 	if (!quiet)
5706 		dump_sysfs_cstate_config();
5707 	if (!quiet)
5708 		dump_sysfs_pstate_config();
5709 
5710 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model) || is_ehl(family, model))
5711 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
5712 
5713 	if (!access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK))
5714 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_rc6);
5715 
5716 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK))
5717 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXMHz);
5718 
5719 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_act_freq_mhz", R_OK))
5720 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXACTMHz);
5721 
5722 	if (!access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us", R_OK))
5723 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
5724 	else
5725 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
5726 
5727 	if (!access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/thermal_throttle/core_throttle_count", R_OK))
5728 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CORE_THROT_CNT);
5729 	else
5730 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CORE_THROT_CNT);
5731 
5732 	if (!access(sys_lpi_file_sysfs, R_OK)) {
5733 		sys_lpi_file = sys_lpi_file_sysfs;
5734 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5735 	} else if (!access(sys_lpi_file_debugfs, R_OK)) {
5736 		sys_lpi_file = sys_lpi_file_debugfs;
5737 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5738 	} else {
5739 		sys_lpi_file_sysfs = NULL;
5740 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5741 	}
5742 
5743 	if (!quiet)
5744 		decode_misc_feature_control();
5745 
5746 	return;
5747 }
5748 
5749 /*
5750  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
5751  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
5752  */
5753 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
5754 {
5755 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
5756 		return 1;
5757 	else
5758 		return 0;
5759 }
5760 
5761 void topology_probe()
5762 {
5763 	int i;
5764 	int max_core_id = 0;
5765 	int max_package_id = 0;
5766 	int max_die_id = 0;
5767 	int max_siblings = 0;
5768 
5769 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
5770 	set_max_cpu_num();
5771 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
5772 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
5773 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
5774 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU);
5775 
5776 	if (debug > 1)
5777 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
5778 
5779 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
5780 	if (cpus == NULL)
5781 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
5782 
5783 	/*
5784 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
5785 	 */
5786 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5787 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
5788 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
5789 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5790 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
5791 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
5792 
5793 	/*
5794 	 * Validate that all cpus in cpu_subset are also in cpu_present_set
5795 	 */
5796 	for (i = 0; i < CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS; ++i) {
5797 		if (CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset))
5798 			if (!CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set))
5799 				err(1, "cpu%d not present", i);
5800 	}
5801 
5802 	/*
5803 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
5804 	 */
5805 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5806 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
5807 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
5808 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5809 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
5810 
5811 	for_all_proc_cpus(init_thread_id);
5812 
5813 	/*
5814 	 * For online cpus
5815 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
5816 	 */
5817 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
5818 		int siblings;
5819 
5820 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
5821 			if (debug > 1)
5822 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
5823 			continue;
5824 		}
5825 
5826 		cpus[i].logical_cpu_id = i;
5827 
5828 		/* get package information */
5829 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
5830 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
5831 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
5832 
5833 		/* get die information */
5834 		cpus[i].die_id = get_die_id(i);
5835 		if (cpus[i].die_id > max_die_id)
5836 			max_die_id = cpus[i].die_id;
5837 
5838 		/* get numa node information */
5839 		cpus[i].physical_node_id = get_physical_node_id(&cpus[i]);
5840 		if (cpus[i].physical_node_id > topo.max_node_num)
5841 			topo.max_node_num = cpus[i].physical_node_id;
5842 
5843 		/* get core information */
5844 		cpus[i].physical_core_id = get_core_id(i);
5845 		if (cpus[i].physical_core_id > max_core_id)
5846 			max_core_id = cpus[i].physical_core_id;
5847 
5848 		/* get thread information */
5849 		siblings = get_thread_siblings(&cpus[i]);
5850 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
5851 			max_siblings = siblings;
5852 		if (cpus[i].thread_id == 0)
5853 			topo.num_cores++;
5854 	}
5855 
5856 	topo.cores_per_node = max_core_id + 1;
5857 	if (debug > 1)
5858 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n", max_core_id, topo.cores_per_node);
5859 	if (!summary_only && topo.cores_per_node > 1)
5860 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Core);
5861 
5862 	topo.num_die = max_die_id + 1;
5863 	if (debug > 1)
5864 		fprintf(outf, "max_die_id %d, sizing for %d die\n", max_die_id, topo.num_die);
5865 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_die > 1)
5866 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Die);
5867 
5868 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
5869 	if (debug > 1)
5870 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n", max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
5871 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
5872 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Package);
5873 
5874 	set_node_data();
5875 	if (debug > 1)
5876 		fprintf(outf, "nodes_per_pkg %d\n", topo.nodes_per_pkg);
5877 	if (!summary_only && topo.nodes_per_pkg > 1)
5878 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Node);
5879 
5880 	topo.threads_per_core = max_siblings;
5881 	if (debug > 1)
5882 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
5883 
5884 	if (debug < 1)
5885 		return;
5886 
5887 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
5888 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i))
5889 			continue;
5890 		fprintf(outf,
5891 			"cpu %d pkg %d die %d node %d lnode %d core %d thread %d\n",
5892 			i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].die_id,
5893 			cpus[i].physical_node_id, cpus[i].logical_node_id, cpus[i].physical_core_id, cpus[i].thread_id);
5894 	}
5895 
5896 }
5897 
5898 void allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
5899 {
5900 	int i;
5901 	int num_cores = topo.cores_per_node * topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.num_packages;
5902 	int num_threads = topo.threads_per_core * num_cores;
5903 
5904 	*t = calloc(num_threads, sizeof(struct thread_data));
5905 	if (*t == NULL)
5906 		goto error;
5907 
5908 	for (i = 0; i < num_threads; i++)
5909 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
5910 
5911 	*c = calloc(num_cores, sizeof(struct core_data));
5912 	if (*c == NULL)
5913 		goto error;
5914 
5915 	for (i = 0; i < num_cores; i++)
5916 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
5917 
5918 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
5919 	if (*p == NULL)
5920 		goto error;
5921 
5922 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
5923 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
5924 
5925 	return;
5926 error:
5927 	err(1, "calloc counters");
5928 }
5929 
5930 /*
5931  * init_counter()
5932  *
5933  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
5934  */
5935 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int cpu_id)
5936 {
5937 	int pkg_id = cpus[cpu_id].physical_package_id;
5938 	int node_id = cpus[cpu_id].logical_node_id;
5939 	int core_id = cpus[cpu_id].physical_core_id;
5940 	int thread_id = cpus[cpu_id].thread_id;
5941 	struct thread_data *t;
5942 	struct core_data *c;
5943 	struct pkg_data *p;
5944 
5945 	/* Workaround for systems where physical_node_id==-1
5946 	 * and logical_node_id==(-1 - topo.num_cpus)
5947 	 */
5948 	if (node_id < 0)
5949 		node_id = 0;
5950 
5951 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_id, core_id, node_id, pkg_id);
5952 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_id, node_id, pkg_id);
5953 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_id);
5954 
5955 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
5956 	if (thread_id == 0) {
5957 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
5958 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
5959 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
5960 	}
5961 
5962 	c->core_id = core_id;
5963 	p->package_id = pkg_id;
5964 }
5965 
5966 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
5967 {
5968 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
5969 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
5970 	return 0;
5971 }
5972 
5973 void allocate_output_buffer()
5974 {
5975 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 2048);
5976 	outp = output_buffer;
5977 	if (outp == NULL)
5978 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
5979 }
5980 
5981 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
5982 {
5983 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
5984 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
5985 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
5986 }
5987 
5988 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
5989 {
5990 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
5991 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
5992 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
5993 
5994 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
5995 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
5996 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num + 1);
5997 }
5998 
5999 void setup_all_buffers(void)
6000 {
6001 	topology_probe();
6002 	allocate_irq_buffers();
6003 	allocate_fd_percpu();
6004 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
6005 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
6006 	allocate_output_buffer();
6007 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
6008 }
6009 
6010 void set_base_cpu(void)
6011 {
6012 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
6013 	if (base_cpu < 0)
6014 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
6015 
6016 	if (debug > 1)
6017 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
6018 }
6019 
6020 void turbostat_init()
6021 {
6022 	setup_all_buffers();
6023 	set_base_cpu();
6024 	check_dev_msr();
6025 	check_permissions();
6026 	process_cpuid();
6027 	linux_perf_init();
6028 
6029 	if (!quiet)
6030 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
6031 
6032 	if (!quiet)
6033 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
6034 
6035 	if (!quiet)
6036 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
6037 
6038 	if (!quiet)
6039 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
6040 
6041 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
6042 
6043 	for_all_cpus(get_cpu_type, ODD_COUNTERS);
6044 	for_all_cpus(get_cpu_type, EVEN_COUNTERS);
6045 
6046 	if (!quiet)
6047 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
6048 
6049 	if (!quiet && do_irtl_snb)
6050 		print_irtl();
6051 
6052 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
6053 		(void)get_instr_count_fd(base_cpu);
6054 }
6055 
6056 int fork_it(char **argv)
6057 {
6058 	pid_t child_pid;
6059 	int status;
6060 
6061 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
6062 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
6063 	first_counter_read = 0;
6064 	if (status)
6065 		exit(status);
6066 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
6067 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
6068 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
6069 
6070 	child_pid = fork();
6071 	if (!child_pid) {
6072 		/* child */
6073 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
6074 		err(errno, "exec %s", argv[0]);
6075 	} else {
6076 
6077 		/* parent */
6078 		if (child_pid == -1)
6079 			err(1, "fork");
6080 
6081 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
6082 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
6083 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
6084 			err(status, "waitpid");
6085 
6086 		if (WIFEXITED(status))
6087 			status = WEXITSTATUS(status);
6088 	}
6089 	/*
6090 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
6091 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
6092 	 */
6093 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
6094 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
6095 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
6096 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
6097 	if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS))
6098 		fprintf(outf, "%s: Counter reset detected\n", progname);
6099 	else {
6100 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
6101 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
6102 	}
6103 
6104 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec / 1000000.0);
6105 
6106 	flush_output_stderr();
6107 
6108 	return status;
6109 }
6110 
6111 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
6112 {
6113 	int status;
6114 
6115 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
6116 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
6117 	if (status)
6118 		return status;
6119 
6120 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
6121 	if (status)
6122 		return status;
6123 
6124 	flush_output_stdout();
6125 
6126 	return status;
6127 }
6128 
6129 void print_version()
6130 {
6131 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 2022.04.16 - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
6132 }
6133 
6134 int add_counter(unsigned int msr_num, char *path, char *name,
6135 		unsigned int width, enum counter_scope scope,
6136 		enum counter_type type, enum counter_format format, int flags)
6137 {
6138 	struct msr_counter *msrp;
6139 
6140 	msrp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct msr_counter));
6141 	if (msrp == NULL) {
6142 		perror("calloc");
6143 		exit(1);
6144 	}
6145 
6146 	msrp->msr_num = msr_num;
6147 	strncpy(msrp->name, name, NAME_BYTES - 1);
6148 	if (path)
6149 		strncpy(msrp->path, path, PATH_BYTES - 1);
6150 	msrp->width = width;
6151 	msrp->type = type;
6152 	msrp->format = format;
6153 	msrp->flags = flags;
6154 
6155 	switch (scope) {
6156 
6157 	case SCOPE_CPU:
6158 		msrp->next = sys.tp;
6159 		sys.tp = msrp;
6160 		sys.added_thread_counters++;
6161 		if (sys.added_thread_counters > MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS) {
6162 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added thread counters\n", MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
6163 			exit(-1);
6164 		}
6165 		break;
6166 
6167 	case SCOPE_CORE:
6168 		msrp->next = sys.cp;
6169 		sys.cp = msrp;
6170 		sys.added_core_counters++;
6171 		if (sys.added_core_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
6172 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added core counters\n", MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
6173 			exit(-1);
6174 		}
6175 		break;
6176 
6177 	case SCOPE_PACKAGE:
6178 		msrp->next = sys.pp;
6179 		sys.pp = msrp;
6180 		sys.added_package_counters++;
6181 		if (sys.added_package_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
6182 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added package counters\n", MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
6183 			exit(-1);
6184 		}
6185 		break;
6186 	}
6187 
6188 	return 0;
6189 }
6190 
6191 void parse_add_command(char *add_command)
6192 {
6193 	int msr_num = 0;
6194 	char *path = NULL;
6195 	char name_buffer[NAME_BYTES] = "";
6196 	int width = 64;
6197 	int fail = 0;
6198 	enum counter_scope scope = SCOPE_CPU;
6199 	enum counter_type type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
6200 	enum counter_format format = FORMAT_DELTA;
6201 
6202 	while (add_command) {
6203 
6204 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr0x%x", &msr_num) == 1)
6205 			goto next;
6206 
6207 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr%d", &msr_num) == 1)
6208 			goto next;
6209 
6210 		if (*add_command == '/') {
6211 			path = add_command;
6212 			goto next;
6213 		}
6214 
6215 		if (sscanf(add_command, "u%d", &width) == 1) {
6216 			if ((width == 32) || (width == 64))
6217 				goto next;
6218 			width = 64;
6219 		}
6220 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cpu", strlen("cpu"))) {
6221 			scope = SCOPE_CPU;
6222 			goto next;
6223 		}
6224 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "core", strlen("core"))) {
6225 			scope = SCOPE_CORE;
6226 			goto next;
6227 		}
6228 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "package", strlen("package"))) {
6229 			scope = SCOPE_PACKAGE;
6230 			goto next;
6231 		}
6232 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cycles", strlen("cycles"))) {
6233 			type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
6234 			goto next;
6235 		}
6236 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "seconds", strlen("seconds"))) {
6237 			type = COUNTER_SECONDS;
6238 			goto next;
6239 		}
6240 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "usec", strlen("usec"))) {
6241 			type = COUNTER_USEC;
6242 			goto next;
6243 		}
6244 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "raw", strlen("raw"))) {
6245 			format = FORMAT_RAW;
6246 			goto next;
6247 		}
6248 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "delta", strlen("delta"))) {
6249 			format = FORMAT_DELTA;
6250 			goto next;
6251 		}
6252 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "percent", strlen("percent"))) {
6253 			format = FORMAT_PERCENT;
6254 			goto next;
6255 		}
6256 
6257 		if (sscanf(add_command, "%18s,%*s", name_buffer) == 1) {	/* 18 < NAME_BYTES */
6258 			char *eos;
6259 
6260 			eos = strchr(name_buffer, ',');
6261 			if (eos)
6262 				*eos = '\0';
6263 			goto next;
6264 		}
6265 
6266 next:
6267 		add_command = strchr(add_command, ',');
6268 		if (add_command) {
6269 			*add_command = '\0';
6270 			add_command++;
6271 		}
6272 
6273 	}
6274 	if ((msr_num == 0) && (path == NULL)) {
6275 		fprintf(stderr, "--add: (msrDDD | msr0xXXX | /path_to_counter ) required\n");
6276 		fail++;
6277 	}
6278 
6279 	/* generate default column header */
6280 	if (*name_buffer == '\0') {
6281 		if (width == 32)
6282 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0x%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
6283 		else
6284 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0X%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
6285 	}
6286 
6287 	if (add_counter(msr_num, path, name_buffer, width, scope, type, format, 0))
6288 		fail++;
6289 
6290 	if (fail) {
6291 		help();
6292 		exit(1);
6293 	}
6294 }
6295 
6296 int is_deferred_add(char *name)
6297 {
6298 	int i;
6299 
6300 	for (i = 0; i < deferred_add_index; ++i)
6301 		if (!strcmp(name, deferred_add_names[i]))
6302 			return 1;
6303 	return 0;
6304 }
6305 
6306 int is_deferred_skip(char *name)
6307 {
6308 	int i;
6309 
6310 	for (i = 0; i < deferred_skip_index; ++i)
6311 		if (!strcmp(name, deferred_skip_names[i]))
6312 			return 1;
6313 	return 0;
6314 }
6315 
6316 void probe_sysfs(void)
6317 {
6318 	char path[64];
6319 	char name_buf[16];
6320 	FILE *input;
6321 	int state;
6322 	char *sp;
6323 
6324 	for (state = 10; state >= 0; --state) {
6325 
6326 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name", base_cpu, state);
6327 		input = fopen(path, "r");
6328 		if (input == NULL)
6329 			continue;
6330 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
6331 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
6332 
6333 		/* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
6334 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
6335 		if (!sp)
6336 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
6337 		*sp = '%';
6338 		*(sp + 1) = '\0';
6339 
6340 		remove_underbar(name_buf);
6341 
6342 		fclose(input);
6343 
6344 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/time", state);
6345 
6346 		if (!DO_BIC(BIC_sysfs) && !is_deferred_add(name_buf))
6347 			continue;
6348 
6349 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
6350 			continue;
6351 
6352 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_USEC, FORMAT_PERCENT, SYSFS_PERCPU);
6353 	}
6354 
6355 	for (state = 10; state >= 0; --state) {
6356 
6357 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name", base_cpu, state);
6358 		input = fopen(path, "r");
6359 		if (input == NULL)
6360 			continue;
6361 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
6362 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
6363 		/* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
6364 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
6365 		if (!sp)
6366 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
6367 		*sp = '\0';
6368 		fclose(input);
6369 
6370 		remove_underbar(name_buf);
6371 
6372 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/usage", state);
6373 
6374 		if (!DO_BIC(BIC_sysfs) && !is_deferred_add(name_buf))
6375 			continue;
6376 
6377 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
6378 			continue;
6379 
6380 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_ITEMS, FORMAT_DELTA, SYSFS_PERCPU);
6381 	}
6382 
6383 }
6384 
6385 /*
6386  * parse cpuset with following syntax
6387  * 1,2,4..6,8-10 and set bits in cpu_subset
6388  */
6389 void parse_cpu_command(char *optarg)
6390 {
6391 	unsigned int start, end;
6392 	char *next;
6393 
6394 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "core")) {
6395 		if (cpu_subset)
6396 			goto error;
6397 		show_core_only++;
6398 		return;
6399 	}
6400 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "package")) {
6401 		if (cpu_subset)
6402 			goto error;
6403 		show_pkg_only++;
6404 		return;
6405 	}
6406 	if (show_core_only || show_pkg_only)
6407 		goto error;
6408 
6409 	cpu_subset = CPU_ALLOC(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
6410 	if (cpu_subset == NULL)
6411 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
6412 	cpu_subset_size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
6413 
6414 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
6415 
6416 	next = optarg;
6417 
6418 	while (next && *next) {
6419 
6420 		if (*next == '-')	/* no negative cpu numbers */
6421 			goto error;
6422 
6423 		start = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
6424 
6425 		if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
6426 			goto error;
6427 		CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
6428 
6429 		if (*next == '\0')
6430 			break;
6431 
6432 		if (*next == ',') {
6433 			next += 1;
6434 			continue;
6435 		}
6436 
6437 		if (*next == '-') {
6438 			next += 1;	/* start range */
6439 		} else if (*next == '.') {
6440 			next += 1;
6441 			if (*next == '.')
6442 				next += 1;	/* start range */
6443 			else
6444 				goto error;
6445 		}
6446 
6447 		end = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
6448 		if (end <= start)
6449 			goto error;
6450 
6451 		while (++start <= end) {
6452 			if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
6453 				goto error;
6454 			CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
6455 		}
6456 
6457 		if (*next == ',')
6458 			next += 1;
6459 		else if (*next != '\0')
6460 			goto error;
6461 	}
6462 
6463 	return;
6464 
6465 error:
6466 	fprintf(stderr, "\"--cpu %s\" malformed\n", optarg);
6467 	help();
6468 	exit(-1);
6469 }
6470 
6471 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
6472 {
6473 	int opt;
6474 	int option_index = 0;
6475 	static struct option long_options[] = {
6476 		{ "add", required_argument, 0, 'a' },
6477 		{ "cpu", required_argument, 0, 'c' },
6478 		{ "Dump", no_argument, 0, 'D' },
6479 		{ "debug", no_argument, 0, 'd' },	/* internal, not documented */
6480 		{ "enable", required_argument, 0, 'e' },
6481 		{ "interval", required_argument, 0, 'i' },
6482 		{ "IPC", no_argument, 0, 'I' },
6483 		{ "num_iterations", required_argument, 0, 'n' },
6484 		{ "header_iterations", required_argument, 0, 'N' },
6485 		{ "help", no_argument, 0, 'h' },
6486 		{ "hide", required_argument, 0, 'H' },	// meh, -h taken by --help
6487 		{ "Joules", no_argument, 0, 'J' },
6488 		{ "list", no_argument, 0, 'l' },
6489 		{ "out", required_argument, 0, 'o' },
6490 		{ "quiet", no_argument, 0, 'q' },
6491 		{ "show", required_argument, 0, 's' },
6492 		{ "Summary", no_argument, 0, 'S' },
6493 		{ "TCC", required_argument, 0, 'T' },
6494 		{ "version", no_argument, 0, 'v' },
6495 		{ 0, 0, 0, 0 }
6496 	};
6497 
6498 	progname = argv[0];
6499 
6500 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Dde:hi:Jn:o:qST:v", long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
6501 		switch (opt) {
6502 		case 'a':
6503 			parse_add_command(optarg);
6504 			break;
6505 		case 'c':
6506 			parse_cpu_command(optarg);
6507 			break;
6508 		case 'D':
6509 			dump_only++;
6510 			break;
6511 		case 'e':
6512 			/* --enable specified counter */
6513 			bic_enabled = bic_enabled | bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
6514 			break;
6515 		case 'd':
6516 			debug++;
6517 			ENABLE_BIC(BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
6518 			break;
6519 		case 'H':
6520 			/*
6521 			 * --hide: do not show those specified
6522 			 *  multiple invocations simply clear more bits in enabled mask
6523 			 */
6524 			bic_enabled &= ~bic_lookup(optarg, HIDE_LIST);
6525 			break;
6526 		case 'h':
6527 		default:
6528 			help();
6529 			exit(1);
6530 		case 'i':
6531 			{
6532 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
6533 
6534 				if (interval < 0.001) {
6535 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n", interval);
6536 					exit(2);
6537 				}
6538 
6539 				interval_tv.tv_sec = interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
6540 				interval_tv.tv_usec = (interval - interval_tv.tv_sec) * 1000000;
6541 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
6542 			}
6543 			break;
6544 		case 'J':
6545 			rapl_joules++;
6546 			break;
6547 		case 'l':
6548 			ENABLE_BIC(BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
6549 			list_header_only++;
6550 			quiet++;
6551 			break;
6552 		case 'o':
6553 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
6554 			break;
6555 		case 'q':
6556 			quiet = 1;
6557 			break;
6558 		case 'n':
6559 			num_iterations = strtod(optarg, NULL);
6560 
6561 			if (num_iterations <= 0) {
6562 				fprintf(outf, "iterations %d should be positive number\n", num_iterations);
6563 				exit(2);
6564 			}
6565 			break;
6566 		case 'N':
6567 			header_iterations = strtod(optarg, NULL);
6568 
6569 			if (header_iterations <= 0) {
6570 				fprintf(outf, "iterations %d should be positive number\n", header_iterations);
6571 				exit(2);
6572 			}
6573 			break;
6574 		case 's':
6575 			/*
6576 			 * --show: show only those specified
6577 			 *  The 1st invocation will clear and replace the enabled mask
6578 			 *  subsequent invocations can add to it.
6579 			 */
6580 			if (shown == 0)
6581 				bic_enabled = bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
6582 			else
6583 				bic_enabled |= bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
6584 			shown = 1;
6585 			break;
6586 		case 'S':
6587 			summary_only++;
6588 			break;
6589 		case 'T':
6590 			tj_max_override = atoi(optarg);
6591 			break;
6592 		case 'v':
6593 			print_version();
6594 			exit(0);
6595 			break;
6596 		}
6597 	}
6598 }
6599 
6600 int main(int argc, char **argv)
6601 {
6602 	outf = stderr;
6603 	cmdline(argc, argv);
6604 
6605 	if (!quiet)
6606 		print_version();
6607 
6608 	probe_sysfs();
6609 
6610 	turbostat_init();
6611 
6612 	msr_sum_record();
6613 
6614 	/* dump counters and exit */
6615 	if (dump_only)
6616 		return get_and_dump_counters();
6617 
6618 	/* list header and exit */
6619 	if (list_header_only) {
6620 		print_header(",");
6621 		flush_output_stdout();
6622 		return 0;
6623 	}
6624 
6625 	/*
6626 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
6627 	 */
6628 	if (argc - optind)
6629 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
6630 	else
6631 		turbostat_loop();
6632 
6633 	return 0;
6634 }
6635