1 /*
2  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
3  * on modern Intel turbo-capable processors.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
6  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
10  * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
15  * more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
18  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
19  * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20  */
21 
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #include MSRHEADER
24 #include INTEL_FAMILY_HEADER
25 #include <stdarg.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <err.h>
28 #include <unistd.h>
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <sys/wait.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32 #include <sys/resource.h>
33 #include <fcntl.h>
34 #include <signal.h>
35 #include <sys/time.h>
36 #include <stdlib.h>
37 #include <getopt.h>
38 #include <dirent.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 #include <ctype.h>
41 #include <sched.h>
42 #include <time.h>
43 #include <cpuid.h>
44 #include <linux/capability.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 
47 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
48 FILE *outf;
49 int *fd_percpu;
50 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
51 unsigned int debug;
52 unsigned int quiet;
53 unsigned int rapl_joules;
54 unsigned int summary_only;
55 unsigned int dump_only;
56 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
57 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
58 unsigned int do_skl_residency;
59 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
60 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
61 unsigned int has_aperf;
62 unsigned int has_epb;
63 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
64 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
65 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
66 unsigned int genuine_intel;
67 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
68 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
69 unsigned int no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT;
70 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
71 double bclk;
72 double base_hz;
73 unsigned int has_base_hz;
74 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
75 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
76 unsigned int show_core_only;
77 char *output_buffer, *outp;
78 unsigned int do_rapl;
79 unsigned int do_dts;
80 unsigned int do_ptm;
81 unsigned long long  gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
82 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
83 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
84 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
85 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
86 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
87 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
88 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
89 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
90 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
91 unsigned int crystal_hz;
92 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
93 int base_cpu;
94 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
95 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
96 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
97 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
98 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
99 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
100 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
101 unsigned int has_misc_feature_control;
102 
103 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
104 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
105 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
106 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
107 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
108 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
109 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
110 
111 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
112 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
113 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
114 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
115 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
116 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
117 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
118 
119 #define RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT	(1 << 6)
120 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
121 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
122 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
123 
124 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
125 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
126 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
127 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
128 
129 #define RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS	(1 << 9)
130 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
131 #define RAPL_CORES (RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS | RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT)
132 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
133 
134 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
135 
136 /*
137  * buffer size used by sscanf() for added column names
138  * Usually truncated to 7 characters, but also handles 18 columns for raw 64-bit counters
139  */
140 #define	NAME_BYTES 20
141 
142 int backwards_count;
143 char *progname;
144 
145 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set;
146 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize;
147 #define MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS 16
148 
149 struct thread_data {
150 	unsigned long long tsc;
151 	unsigned long long aperf;
152 	unsigned long long mperf;
153 	unsigned long long c1;
154 	unsigned int irq_count;
155 	unsigned int smi_count;
156 	unsigned int cpu_id;
157 	unsigned int flags;
158 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
159 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
160 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
161 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
162 
163 struct core_data {
164 	unsigned long long c3;
165 	unsigned long long c6;
166 	unsigned long long c7;
167 	unsigned long long mc6_us;	/* duplicate as per-core for now, even though per module */
168 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
169 	unsigned int core_id;
170 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
171 } *core_even, *core_odd;
172 
173 struct pkg_data {
174 	unsigned long long pc2;
175 	unsigned long long pc3;
176 	unsigned long long pc6;
177 	unsigned long long pc7;
178 	unsigned long long pc8;
179 	unsigned long long pc9;
180 	unsigned long long pc10;
181 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
182 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
183 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
184 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
185 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
186 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
187 	unsigned int package_id;
188 	unsigned int energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
189 	unsigned int energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
190 	unsigned int energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
191 	unsigned int energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
192 	unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
193 	unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
194 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
195 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
196 } *package_even, *package_odd;
197 
198 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
199 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
200 
201 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no) \
202 	(thread_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg * \
203 		topo.num_threads_per_core + \
204 		(core_no) * topo.num_threads_per_core + (thread_no))
205 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no) \
206 	(core_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg + (core_no))
207 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
208 
209 enum counter_scope {SCOPE_CPU, SCOPE_CORE, SCOPE_PACKAGE};
210 enum counter_type {COUNTER_CYCLES, COUNTER_SECONDS};
211 enum counter_format {FORMAT_RAW, FORMAT_DELTA, FORMAT_PERCENT};
212 
213 struct msr_counter {
214 	unsigned int msr_num;
215 	char name[NAME_BYTES];
216 	unsigned int width;
217 	enum counter_type type;
218 	enum counter_format format;
219 	struct msr_counter *next;
220 	unsigned int flags;
221 #define	FLAGS_HIDE	(1 << 0)
222 #define	FLAGS_SHOW	(1 << 1)
223 };
224 
225 struct sys_counters {
226 	unsigned int added_thread_counters;
227 	unsigned int added_core_counters;
228 	unsigned int added_package_counters;
229 	struct msr_counter *tp;
230 	struct msr_counter *cp;
231 	struct msr_counter *pp;
232 } sys;
233 
234 struct system_summary {
235 	struct thread_data threads;
236 	struct core_data cores;
237 	struct pkg_data packages;
238 } average;
239 
240 
241 struct topo_params {
242 	int num_packages;
243 	int num_cpus;
244 	int num_cores;
245 	int max_cpu_num;
246 	int num_cores_per_pkg;
247 	int num_threads_per_core;
248 } topo;
249 
250 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
251 
252 int *irq_column_2_cpu;	/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
253 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
254 
255 void setup_all_buffers(void);
256 
257 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
258 {
259 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
260 }
261 /*
262  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
263  * skip non-present cpus
264  */
265 
266 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
267 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
268 {
269 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
270 
271 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
272 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
273 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
274 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
275 				struct thread_data *t;
276 				struct core_data *c;
277 				struct pkg_data *p;
278 
279 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
280 
281 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
282 					continue;
283 
284 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
285 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
286 
287 				retval = func(t, c, p);
288 				if (retval)
289 					return retval;
290 			}
291 		}
292 	}
293 	return 0;
294 }
295 
296 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
297 {
298 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
299 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
300 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
301 		return -1;
302 	else
303 		return 0;
304 }
305 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
306 {
307 	char pathname[32];
308 	int fd;
309 
310 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
311 
312 	if (fd)
313 		return fd;
314 
315 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
316 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
317 	if (fd < 0)
318 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
319 
320 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
321 
322 	return fd;
323 }
324 
325 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
326 {
327 	ssize_t retval;
328 
329 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
330 
331 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
332 		err(-1, "cpu%d: msr offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
333 
334 	return 0;
335 }
336 
337 /*
338  * Each string in this array is compared in --show and --hide cmdline.
339  * Thus, strings that are proper sub-sets must follow their more specific peers.
340  */
341 struct msr_counter bic[] = {
342 	{ 0x0, "Package" },
343 	{ 0x0, "Avg_MHz" },
344 	{ 0x0, "Bzy_MHz" },
345 	{ 0x0, "TSC_MHz" },
346 	{ 0x0, "IRQ" },
347 	{ 0x0, "SMI", 32, 0, FORMAT_DELTA, NULL},
348 	{ 0x0, "Busy%" },
349 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c1" },
350 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c3" },
351 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c6" },
352 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c7" },
353 	{ 0x0, "ThreadC" },
354 	{ 0x0, "CoreTmp" },
355 	{ 0x0, "CoreCnt" },
356 	{ 0x0, "PkgTmp" },
357 	{ 0x0, "GFX%rc6" },
358 	{ 0x0, "GFXMHz" },
359 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc2" },
360 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc3" },
361 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc6" },
362 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc7" },
363 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc8" },
364 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc9" },
365 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc10" },
366 	{ 0x0, "PkgWatt" },
367 	{ 0x0, "CorWatt" },
368 	{ 0x0, "GFXWatt" },
369 	{ 0x0, "PkgCnt" },
370 	{ 0x0, "RAMWatt" },
371 	{ 0x0, "PKG_%" },
372 	{ 0x0, "RAM_%" },
373 	{ 0x0, "Pkg_J" },
374 	{ 0x0, "Cor_J" },
375 	{ 0x0, "GFX_J" },
376 	{ 0x0, "RAM_J" },
377 	{ 0x0, "Core" },
378 	{ 0x0, "CPU" },
379 	{ 0x0, "Mod%c6" },
380 };
381 
382 #define MAX_BIC (sizeof(bic) / sizeof(struct msr_counter))
383 #define	BIC_Package	(1ULL << 0)
384 #define	BIC_Avg_MHz	(1ULL << 1)
385 #define	BIC_Bzy_MHz	(1ULL << 2)
386 #define	BIC_TSC_MHz	(1ULL << 3)
387 #define	BIC_IRQ		(1ULL << 4)
388 #define	BIC_SMI		(1ULL << 5)
389 #define	BIC_Busy	(1ULL << 6)
390 #define	BIC_CPU_c1	(1ULL << 7)
391 #define	BIC_CPU_c3	(1ULL << 8)
392 #define	BIC_CPU_c6	(1ULL << 9)
393 #define	BIC_CPU_c7	(1ULL << 10)
394 #define	BIC_ThreadC	(1ULL << 11)
395 #define	BIC_CoreTmp	(1ULL << 12)
396 #define	BIC_CoreCnt	(1ULL << 13)
397 #define	BIC_PkgTmp	(1ULL << 14)
398 #define	BIC_GFX_rc6	(1ULL << 15)
399 #define	BIC_GFXMHz	(1ULL << 16)
400 #define	BIC_Pkgpc2	(1ULL << 17)
401 #define	BIC_Pkgpc3	(1ULL << 18)
402 #define	BIC_Pkgpc6	(1ULL << 19)
403 #define	BIC_Pkgpc7	(1ULL << 20)
404 #define	BIC_Pkgpc8	(1ULL << 21)
405 #define	BIC_Pkgpc9	(1ULL << 22)
406 #define	BIC_Pkgpc10	(1ULL << 23)
407 #define	BIC_PkgWatt	(1ULL << 24)
408 #define	BIC_CorWatt	(1ULL << 25)
409 #define	BIC_GFXWatt	(1ULL << 26)
410 #define	BIC_PkgCnt	(1ULL << 27)
411 #define	BIC_RAMWatt	(1ULL << 28)
412 #define	BIC_PKG__	(1ULL << 29)
413 #define	BIC_RAM__	(1ULL << 30)
414 #define	BIC_Pkg_J	(1ULL << 31)
415 #define	BIC_Cor_J	(1ULL << 32)
416 #define	BIC_GFX_J	(1ULL << 33)
417 #define	BIC_RAM_J	(1ULL << 34)
418 #define	BIC_Core	(1ULL << 35)
419 #define	BIC_CPU		(1ULL << 36)
420 #define	BIC_Mod_c6	(1ULL << 37)
421 
422 unsigned long long bic_enabled = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL;
423 unsigned long long bic_present;
424 
425 #define DO_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled & bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
426 #define BIC_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present |= COUNTER_BIT)
427 #define BIC_NOT_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present &= ~COUNTER_BIT)
428 
429 /*
430  * bic_lookup
431  * for all the strings in comma separate name_list,
432  * set the approprate bit in return value.
433  */
434 unsigned long long bic_lookup(char *name_list)
435 {
436 	int i;
437 	unsigned long long retval = 0;
438 
439 	while (name_list) {
440 		char *comma;
441 
442 		comma = strchr(name_list, ',');
443 
444 		if (comma)
445 			*comma = '\0';
446 
447 		for (i = 0; i < MAX_BIC; ++i) {
448 			if (!strcmp(name_list, bic[i].name)) {
449 				retval |= (1ULL << i);
450 				break;
451 			}
452 		}
453 		if (i == MAX_BIC) {
454 			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid counter name: %s\n", name_list);
455 			exit(-1);
456 		}
457 
458 		name_list = comma;
459 		if (name_list)
460 			name_list++;
461 
462 	}
463 	return retval;
464 }
465 
466 void print_header(void)
467 {
468 	struct msr_counter *mp;
469 
470 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
471 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPackage");
472 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
473 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCore");
474 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
475 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU");
476 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
477 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tAvg_MHz");
478 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
479 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tBusy%%");
480 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz))
481 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tBzy_MHz");
482 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
483 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tTSC_MHz");
484 
485 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
486 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tIRQ");
487 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
488 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tSMI");
489 
490 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
491 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c1");
492 
493 	for (mp = sys.tp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
494 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
495 			if (mp->width == 64)
496 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%18.18s", mp->name);
497 			else
498 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%10.10s", mp->name);
499 		} else {
500 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%-7.7s", mp->name);
501 		}
502 	}
503 
504 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
505 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c3");
506 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
507 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c6");
508 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
509 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c7");
510 
511 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
512 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tMod%%c6");
513 
514 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
515 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCoreTmp");
516 
517 	for (mp = sys.cp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
518 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
519 			if (mp->width == 64)
520 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%18.18s", mp->name);
521 			else
522 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%10.10s", mp->name);
523 		} else {
524 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%-7.7s", mp->name);
525 		}
526 	}
527 
528 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
529 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkgTmp");
530 
531 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
532 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX%%rc6");
533 
534 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
535 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFXMHz");
536 
537 	if (do_skl_residency) {
538 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tTotl%%C0");
539 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tAny%%C0");
540 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX%%C0");
541 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPUGFX%%");
542 	}
543 
544 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
545 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc2");
546 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
547 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc3");
548 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
549 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc6");
550 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
551 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc7");
552 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
553 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc8");
554 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
555 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc9");
556 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
557 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPk%%pc10");
558 
559 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
560 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
561 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkgWatt");
562 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt))
563 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCorWatt");
564 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
565 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFXWatt");
566 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
567 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAMWatt");
568 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
569 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPKG_%%");
570 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
571 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_%%");
572 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
573 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
574 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg_J");
575 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J))
576 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCor_J");
577 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
578 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX_J");
579 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
580 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_J");
581 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
582 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPKG_%%");
583 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
584 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_%%");
585 	}
586 	for (mp = sys.pp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
587 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
588 			if (mp->width == 64)
589 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%18.18s", mp->name);
590 			else
591 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%10.10s", mp->name);
592 		} else {
593 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%-7.7s", mp->name);
594 		}
595 	}
596 
597 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
598 }
599 
600 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
601 	struct pkg_data *p)
602 {
603 	int i;
604 	struct msr_counter *mp;
605 
606 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
607 
608 	if (t) {
609 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
610 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
611 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
612 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
613 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
614 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
615 
616 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
617 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %08X\n", t->irq_count);
618 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
619 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %08X\n", t->smi_count);
620 
621 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
622 			outp += sprintf(outp, "tADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
623 				i, mp->msr_num, t->counter[i]);
624 		}
625 	}
626 
627 	if (c) {
628 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
629 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
630 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
631 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
632 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
633 
634 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
635 			outp += sprintf(outp, "cADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
636 				i, mp->msr_num, c->counter[i]);
637 		}
638 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mc6_us: %016llX\n", c->mc6_us);
639 	}
640 
641 	if (p) {
642 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
643 
644 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
645 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
646 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
647 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
648 
649 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
650 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
651 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
652 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
653 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
654 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
655 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
656 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
657 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
658 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
659 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg);
660 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores);
661 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx);
662 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram);
663 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n",
664 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
665 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n",
666 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
667 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
668 
669 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
670 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
671 				i, mp->msr_num, p->counter[i]);
672 		}
673 	}
674 
675 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
676 
677 	return 0;
678 }
679 
680 /*
681  * column formatting convention & formats
682  */
683 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
684 	struct pkg_data *p)
685 {
686 	double interval_float, tsc;
687 	char *fmt8;
688 	int i;
689 	struct msr_counter *mp;
690 
691 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
692 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
693 		return 0;
694 
695 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
696 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
697 		return 0;
698 
699 	interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
700 
701 	tsc = t->tsc * tsc_tweak;
702 
703 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
704 	if (t == &average.threads) {
705 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
706 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
707 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
708 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
709 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
710 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
711 	} else {
712 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package)) {
713 			if (p)
714 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->package_id);
715 			else
716 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
717 		}
718 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core)) {
719 			if (c)
720 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", c->core_id);
721 			else
722 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
723 		}
724 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
725 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->cpu_id);
726 	}
727 
728 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
729 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f",
730 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
731 
732 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
733 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->mperf/tsc);
734 
735 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
736 		if (has_base_hz)
737 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f", base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
738 		else
739 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f",
740 				tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
741 	}
742 
743 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
744 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f", 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
745 
746 	/* IRQ */
747 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
748 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->irq_count);
749 
750 	/* SMI */
751 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
752 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->smi_count);
753 
754 	/* C1 */
755 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
756 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->c1/tsc);
757 
758 	/* Added counters */
759 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
760 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
761 			if (mp->width == 32)
762 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%08lx", (unsigned long) t->counter[i]);
763 			else
764 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%016llx", t->counter[i]);
765 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
766 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%lld", t->counter[i]);
767 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
768 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->counter[i]/tsc);
769 		}
770 	}
771 
772 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
773 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
774 		goto done;
775 
776 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
777 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c3/tsc);
778 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
779 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c6/tsc);
780 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
781 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c7/tsc);
782 
783 	/* Mod%c6 */
784 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
785 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->mc6_us / tsc);
786 
787 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
788 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", c->core_temp_c);
789 
790 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
791 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
792 			if (mp->width == 32)
793 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%08lx", (unsigned long) c->counter[i]);
794 			else
795 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%016llx", c->counter[i]);
796 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
797 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%lld", c->counter[i]);
798 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
799 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->counter[i]/tsc);
800 		}
801 	}
802 
803 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
804 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
805 		goto done;
806 
807 	/* PkgTmp */
808 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
809 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->pkg_temp_c);
810 
811 	/* GFXrc6 */
812 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6)) {
813 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect GFX counter reset */
814 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t**.**");
815 		} else {
816 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f",
817 				p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
818 		}
819 	}
820 
821 	/* GFXMHz */
822 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
823 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->gfx_mhz);
824 
825 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
826 	if (do_skl_residency) {
827 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/tsc);
828 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/tsc);
829 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/tsc);
830 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/tsc);
831 	}
832 
833 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
834 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/tsc);
835 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
836 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc3/tsc);
837 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
838 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/tsc);
839 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
840 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/tsc);
841 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
842 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc8/tsc);
843 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
844 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc9/tsc);
845 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
846 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc10/tsc);
847 
848 	/*
849  	 * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range,
850  	 * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place.
851  	 */
852 	if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range)
853 		fmt8 = "\t%.2f";
854 	else
855 		fmt8 = "%6.0f**";
856 
857 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
858 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
859 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt))
860 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
861 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
862 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
863 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
864 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
865 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
866 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
867 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J))
868 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
869 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
870 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
871 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
872 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
873 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
874 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
875 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
876 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
877 
878 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
879 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
880 			if (mp->width == 32)
881 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%08lx", (unsigned long) p->counter[i]);
882 			else
883 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%016llx", p->counter[i]);
884 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
885 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%lld", p->counter[i]);
886 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
887 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->counter[i]/tsc);
888 		}
889 	}
890 
891 done:
892 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
893 
894 	return 0;
895 }
896 
897 void flush_output_stdout(void)
898 {
899 	FILE *filep;
900 
901 	if (outf == stderr)
902 		filep = stdout;
903 	else
904 		filep = outf;
905 
906 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
907 	fflush(filep);
908 
909 	outp = output_buffer;
910 }
911 void flush_output_stderr(void)
912 {
913 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
914 	fflush(outf);
915 	outp = output_buffer;
916 }
917 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
918 {
919 	static int printed;
920 
921 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
922 		print_header();
923 
924 	if (topo.num_cpus > 1)
925 		format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores,
926 			&average.packages);
927 
928 	printed = 1;
929 
930 	if (summary_only)
931 		return;
932 
933 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
934 }
935 
936 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
937 	if (new > old) {			\
938 		old = new - old;		\
939 	} else {				\
940 		old = 0x100000000 + new - old;	\
941 	}
942 
943 int
944 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
945 {
946 	int i;
947 	struct msr_counter *mp;
948 
949 	if (do_skl_residency) {
950 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
951 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
952 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
953 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
954 	}
955 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
956 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
957 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
958 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
959 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
960 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
961 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
962 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
963 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
964 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
965 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
966 
967 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
968 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms >  new->gfx_rc6_ms)
969 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
970 	else
971 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
972 
973 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
974 
975 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg);
976 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
977 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
978 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
979 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
980 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
981 
982 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
983 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
984 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
985 		else
986 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
987 	}
988 
989 	return 0;
990 }
991 
992 void
993 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
994 {
995 	int i;
996 	struct msr_counter *mp;
997 
998 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
999 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
1000 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
1001 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
1002 	old->mc6_us = new->mc6_us - old->mc6_us;
1003 
1004 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1005 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1006 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1007 		else
1008 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1009 	}
1010 }
1011 
1012 /*
1013  * old = new - old
1014  */
1015 int
1016 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
1017 	struct core_data *core_delta)
1018 {
1019 	int i;
1020 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1021 
1022 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
1023 
1024 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
1025 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
1026 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
1027 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
1028 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
1029 
1030 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
1031 
1032 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1033 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
1034 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
1035 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
1036 		} else {
1037 			return -1;
1038 		}
1039 	}
1040 
1041 
1042 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1043 		/*
1044 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
1045 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
1046 		 */
1047 	} else {
1048 		/*
1049 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
1050 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
1051 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
1052 		 */
1053 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > old->tsc)
1054 			old->c1 = 0;
1055 		else {
1056 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
1057 			old->c1 = (old->tsc * tsc_tweak) - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
1058 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
1059 		}
1060 	}
1061 
1062 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
1063 		if (debug > 1)
1064 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
1065 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
1066 	}
1067 
1068 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1069 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
1070 
1071 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1072 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
1073 
1074 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1075 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1076 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1077 		else
1078 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1079 	}
1080 	return 0;
1081 }
1082 
1083 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1084 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
1085 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
1086 {
1087 	int retval = 0;
1088 
1089 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
1090 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
1091 		delta_core(c, c2);
1092 
1093 	/* always calculate thread delta */
1094 	retval = delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
1095 	if (retval)
1096 		return retval;
1097 
1098 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
1099 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
1100 		retval = delta_package(p, p2);
1101 
1102 	return retval;
1103 }
1104 
1105 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1106 {
1107 	int i;
1108 	struct msr_counter  *mp;
1109 
1110 	t->tsc = 0;
1111 	t->aperf = 0;
1112 	t->mperf = 0;
1113 	t->c1 = 0;
1114 
1115 	t->irq_count = 0;
1116 	t->smi_count = 0;
1117 
1118 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
1119 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
1120 
1121 	c->c3 = 0;
1122 	c->c6 = 0;
1123 	c->c7 = 0;
1124 	c->mc6_us = 0;
1125 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
1126 
1127 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
1128 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
1129 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1130 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1131 
1132 	p->pc2 = 0;
1133 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1134 		p->pc3 = 0;
1135 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1136 		p->pc6 = 0;
1137 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1138 		p->pc7 = 0;
1139 	p->pc8 = 0;
1140 	p->pc9 = 0;
1141 	p->pc10 = 0;
1142 
1143 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
1144 	p->energy_dram = 0;
1145 	p->energy_cores = 0;
1146 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
1147 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
1148 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
1149 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
1150 
1151 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
1152 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
1153 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1154 		t->counter[i] = 0;
1155 
1156 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1157 		c->counter[i] = 0;
1158 
1159 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1160 		p->counter[i] = 0;
1161 }
1162 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1163 	struct pkg_data *p)
1164 {
1165 	int i;
1166 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1167 
1168 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
1169 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
1170 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
1171 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
1172 
1173 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
1174 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
1175 
1176 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1177 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1178 			continue;
1179 		average.threads.counter[i] += t->counter[i];
1180 	}
1181 
1182 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
1183 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1184 		return 0;
1185 
1186 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
1187 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
1188 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
1189 	average.cores.mc6_us += c->mc6_us;
1190 
1191 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
1192 
1193 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1194 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1195 			continue;
1196 		average.cores.counter[i] += c->counter[i];
1197 	}
1198 
1199 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
1200 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1201 		return 0;
1202 
1203 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1204 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1205 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
1206 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1207 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1208 	}
1209 
1210 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
1211 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1212 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
1213 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1214 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
1215 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1216 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
1217 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
1218 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
1219 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
1220 
1221 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
1222 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
1223 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
1224 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
1225 
1226 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
1227 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
1228 
1229 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
1230 
1231 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1232 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1233 
1234 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1235 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1236 			continue;
1237 		average.packages.counter[i] += p->counter[i];
1238 	}
1239 	return 0;
1240 }
1241 /*
1242  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1243  * compute the weighted average
1244  */
1245 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1246 	struct pkg_data *p)
1247 {
1248 	int i;
1249 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1250 
1251 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1252 
1253 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1254 
1255 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1256 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1257 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1258 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1259 
1260 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1261 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1262 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1263 	average.cores.mc6_us /= topo.num_cores;
1264 
1265 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1266 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1267 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1268 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1269 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1270 	}
1271 
1272 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1273 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1274 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1275 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1276 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1277 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1278 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1279 
1280 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1281 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1282 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1283 
1284 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1285 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1286 			continue;
1287 		average.threads.counter[i] /= topo.num_cpus;
1288 	}
1289 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1290 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1291 			continue;
1292 		average.cores.counter[i] /= topo.num_cores;
1293 	}
1294 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1295 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1296 			continue;
1297 		average.packages.counter[i] /= topo.num_packages;
1298 	}
1299 }
1300 
1301 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1302 {
1303 	unsigned int low, high;
1304 
1305 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
1306 
1307 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1308 }
1309 
1310 /*
1311  * get_counters(...)
1312  * migrate to cpu
1313  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1314  */
1315 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1316 {
1317 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1318 	unsigned long long msr;
1319 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1320 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1321 	int i;
1322 
1323 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1324 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1325 		return -1;
1326 	}
1327 
1328 retry:
1329 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1330 
1331 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1332 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1333 
1334 		/*
1335 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
1336 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
1337 		 *
1338 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
1339 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
1340 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
1341 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
1342 		 */
1343 
1344 		/*
1345 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
1346 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
1347 		 */
1348 
1349 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1350 			return -3;
1351 
1352 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
1353 
1354 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
1355 
1356 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1357 			return -3;
1358 
1359 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
1360 
1361 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1362 			return -4;
1363 
1364 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
1365 
1366 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
1367 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
1368 
1369 		/*
1370 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
1371 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
1372 		 */
1373 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
1374 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
1375 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
1376 				goto retry;
1377 			else
1378 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld",
1379 					cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
1380 		}
1381 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1382 
1383 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1384 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1385 	}
1386 
1387 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1388 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
1389 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI)) {
1390 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1391 			return -5;
1392 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1393 	}
1394 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) && use_c1_residency_msr) {
1395 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
1396 			return -6;
1397 	}
1398 
1399 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1400 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, &t->counter[i]))
1401 			return -10;
1402 	}
1403 
1404 
1405 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
1406 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1407 		return 0;
1408 
1409 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1410 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
1411 			return -6;
1412 	}
1413 
1414 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6) && !do_knl_cstates) {
1415 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1416 			return -7;
1417 	} else if (do_knl_cstates) {
1418 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1419 			return -7;
1420 	}
1421 
1422 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
1423 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
1424 			return -8;
1425 
1426 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
1427 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_MODULE_C6_RES_MS, &c->mc6_us))
1428 			return -8;
1429 
1430 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp)) {
1431 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1432 			return -9;
1433 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1434 	}
1435 
1436 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1437 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, &c->counter[i]))
1438 			return -10;
1439 	}
1440 
1441 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
1442 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1443 		return 0;
1444 
1445 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1446 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
1447 			return -10;
1448 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
1449 			return -11;
1450 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
1451 			return -12;
1452 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
1453 			return -13;
1454 	}
1455 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1456 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
1457 			return -9;
1458 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6)) {
1459 		if (do_slm_cstates) {
1460 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_ATOM_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1461 				return -10;
1462 		} else {
1463 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1464 				return -10;
1465 		}
1466 	}
1467 
1468 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
1469 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
1470 			return -11;
1471 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1472 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
1473 			return -12;
1474 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
1475 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
1476 			return -13;
1477 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
1478 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
1479 			return -13;
1480 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
1481 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
1482 			return -13;
1483 
1484 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
1485 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1486 			return -13;
1487 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1488 	}
1489 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS) {
1490 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1491 			return -14;
1492 		p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1493 	}
1494 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
1495 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1496 			return -15;
1497 		p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1498 	}
1499 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
1500 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1501 			return -16;
1502 		p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1503 	}
1504 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
1505 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1506 			return -16;
1507 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1508 	}
1509 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
1510 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1511 			return -16;
1512 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1513 	}
1514 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp)) {
1515 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1516 			return -17;
1517 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1518 	}
1519 
1520 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
1521 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
1522 
1523 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
1524 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
1525 
1526 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1527 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, &p->counter[i]))
1528 			return -10;
1529 	}
1530 
1531 	return 0;
1532 }
1533 
1534 /*
1535  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
1536  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
1537  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
1538  */
1539 
1540 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
1541 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
1542 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
1543 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
1544 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
1545 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
1546 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
1547 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
1548 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
1549 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
1550 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
1551 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
1552 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
1553 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
1554 #define PCLUNL 14 /* Unlimited */
1555 
1556 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
1557 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
1558 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "unlimited"};
1559 
1560 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1561 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1562 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1563 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7};
1564 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1565 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1566 int bxt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1567 int skx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1568 
1569 
1570 static void
1571 calculate_tsc_tweak()
1572 {
1573 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
1574 }
1575 
1576 static void
1577 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
1578 {
1579 	unsigned long long msr;
1580 	unsigned int ratio;
1581 
1582 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
1583 
1584 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1585 
1586 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1587 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
1588 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1589 
1590 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1591 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
1592 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1593 
1594 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
1595 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
1596 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
1597 
1598 	return;
1599 }
1600 
1601 static void
1602 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1603 {
1604 	unsigned long long msr;
1605 	unsigned int ratio;
1606 
1607 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
1608 
1609 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1610 
1611 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1612 	if (ratio)
1613 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
1614 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1615 
1616 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1617 	if (ratio)
1618 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
1619 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1620 	return;
1621 }
1622 
1623 static void
1624 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1625 {
1626 	unsigned long long msr;
1627 	unsigned int ratio;
1628 
1629 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
1630 
1631 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1632 
1633 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1634 	if (ratio)
1635 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
1636 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1637 
1638 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1639 	if (ratio)
1640 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
1641 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1642 
1643 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1644 	if (ratio)
1645 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
1646 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1647 
1648 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1649 	if (ratio)
1650 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
1651 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1652 
1653 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1654 	if (ratio)
1655 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
1656 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1657 
1658 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1659 	if (ratio)
1660 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
1661 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1662 
1663 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1664 	if (ratio)
1665 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
1666 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1667 
1668 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1669 	if (ratio)
1670 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
1671 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1672 	return;
1673 }
1674 
1675 static void
1676 dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1677 {
1678 	unsigned long long msr;
1679 	unsigned int ratio;
1680 
1681 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1682 
1683 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1684 
1685 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1686 	if (ratio)
1687 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 8 active cores\n",
1688 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1689 
1690 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1691 	if (ratio)
1692 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 7 active cores\n",
1693 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1694 
1695 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1696 	if (ratio)
1697 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 6 active cores\n",
1698 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1699 
1700 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1701 	if (ratio)
1702 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 5 active cores\n",
1703 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1704 
1705 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1706 	if (ratio)
1707 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
1708 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1709 
1710 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1711 	if (ratio)
1712 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
1713 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1714 
1715 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1716 	if (ratio)
1717 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
1718 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1719 
1720 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1721 	if (ratio)
1722 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 1 active cores\n",
1723 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1724 	return;
1725 }
1726 
1727 static void
1728 dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1729 {
1730 	unsigned long long msr;
1731 	unsigned int ratio;
1732 
1733 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS, &msr);
1734 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
1735 
1736 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
1737 	if (ratio)
1738 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz minimum operating frequency\n",
1739 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1740 
1741 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
1742 	if (ratio)
1743 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz low frequency mode (LFM)\n",
1744 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1745 
1746 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
1747 	if (ratio)
1748 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
1749 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1750 
1751 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS, &msr);
1752 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
1753 
1754 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0x3F;
1755 	if (ratio)
1756 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
1757 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1758 
1759 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
1760 	if (ratio)
1761 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
1762 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1763 
1764 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
1765 	if (ratio)
1766 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
1767 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1768 
1769 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
1770 	if (ratio)
1771 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 1 active core\n",
1772 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1773 }
1774 
1775 static void
1776 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1777 {
1778 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
1779 
1780 	unsigned long long msr;
1781 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
1782 	int i, b_nr;
1783 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
1784 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
1785 
1786 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1787 
1788 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
1789 		base_cpu, msr);
1790 
1791 	/**
1792 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
1793 	 * [0] -- Reserved
1794 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
1795 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
1796 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
1797 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
1798 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
1799 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
1800 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
1801 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
1802 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
1803 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
1804 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
1805 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
1806 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
1807 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
1808 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
1809 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
1810 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
1811 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
1812 	 */
1813 
1814 	b_nr = 0;
1815 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
1816 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1817 
1818 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
1819 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
1820 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
1821 
1822 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
1823 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
1824 		b_nr++;
1825 	}
1826 
1827 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1828 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
1829 			fprintf(outf,
1830 				"%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1831 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
1832 }
1833 
1834 static void
1835 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
1836 {
1837 	unsigned long long msr;
1838 
1839 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
1840 
1841 #define SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 27)
1842 #define SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 28)
1843 
1844 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1845 
1846 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked: pkg-cstate-limit=%d: %s)\n",
1847 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
1848 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
1849 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
1850 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
1851 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
1852 		(unsigned int)msr & 0xF,
1853 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
1854 	return;
1855 }
1856 
1857 static void
1858 dump_config_tdp(void)
1859 {
1860 	unsigned long long msr;
1861 
1862 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
1863 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1864 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
1865 
1866 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
1867 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1868 	if (msr) {
1869 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1870 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1871 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1872 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1873 	}
1874 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1875 
1876 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
1877 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1878 	if (msr) {
1879 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1880 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1881 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1882 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1883 	}
1884 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1885 
1886 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
1887 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1888 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
1889 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
1890 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1891 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1892 
1893 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
1894 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1895 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
1896 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1897 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1898 }
1899 
1900 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = {1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
1901 
1902 void print_irtl(void)
1903 {
1904 	unsigned long long msr;
1905 
1906 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
1907 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1908 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1909 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1910 
1911 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
1912 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1913 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1914 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1915 
1916 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
1917 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1918 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1919 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1920 
1921 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
1922 		return;
1923 
1924 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
1925 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1926 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1927 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1928 
1929 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
1930 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1931 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1932 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1933 
1934 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
1935 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1936 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1937 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1938 
1939 }
1940 void free_fd_percpu(void)
1941 {
1942 	int i;
1943 
1944 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num + 1; ++i) {
1945 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
1946 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
1947 	}
1948 
1949 	free(fd_percpu);
1950 }
1951 
1952 void free_all_buffers(void)
1953 {
1954 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
1955 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
1956 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
1957 
1958 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
1959 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
1960 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
1961 
1962 	free(thread_even);
1963 	free(core_even);
1964 	free(package_even);
1965 
1966 	thread_even = NULL;
1967 	core_even = NULL;
1968 	package_even = NULL;
1969 
1970 	free(thread_odd);
1971 	free(core_odd);
1972 	free(package_odd);
1973 
1974 	thread_odd = NULL;
1975 	core_odd = NULL;
1976 	package_odd = NULL;
1977 
1978 	free(output_buffer);
1979 	output_buffer = NULL;
1980 	outp = NULL;
1981 
1982 	free_fd_percpu();
1983 
1984 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
1985 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
1986 }
1987 
1988 /*
1989  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1990  */
1991 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1992 {
1993 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1994 	if (!filep)
1995 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1996 	return filep;
1997 }
1998 
1999 /*
2000  * Parse a file containing a single int.
2001  */
2002 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
2003 {
2004 	va_list args;
2005 	char path[PATH_MAX];
2006 	FILE *filep;
2007 	int value;
2008 
2009 	va_start(args, fmt);
2010 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
2011 	va_end(args);
2012 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
2013 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
2014 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
2015 	fclose(filep);
2016 	return value;
2017 }
2018 
2019 /*
2020  * get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu)
2021  * return the position of the CPU among its HT siblings in the core
2022  * return -1 if the sibling is not in list
2023  */
2024 int get_cpu_position_in_core(int cpu)
2025 {
2026 	char path[64];
2027 	FILE *filep;
2028 	int this_cpu;
2029 	char character;
2030 	int i;
2031 
2032 	sprintf(path,
2033 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list",
2034 		cpu);
2035 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
2036 	if (filep == NULL) {
2037 		perror(path);
2038 		exit(1);
2039 	}
2040 
2041 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core; i++) {
2042 		fscanf(filep, "%d", &this_cpu);
2043 		if (this_cpu == cpu) {
2044 			fclose(filep);
2045 			return i;
2046 		}
2047 
2048 		/* Account for no separator after last thread*/
2049 		if (i != (topo.num_threads_per_core - 1))
2050 			fscanf(filep, "%c", &character);
2051 	}
2052 
2053 	fclose(filep);
2054 	return -1;
2055 }
2056 
2057 /*
2058  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
2059  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
2060  */
2061 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
2062 {
2063 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
2064 }
2065 
2066 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
2067 {
2068 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
2069 }
2070 
2071 int get_core_id(int cpu)
2072 {
2073 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
2074 }
2075 
2076 int get_num_ht_siblings(int cpu)
2077 {
2078 	char path[80];
2079 	FILE *filep;
2080 	int sib1;
2081 	int matches = 0;
2082 	char character;
2083 	char str[100];
2084 	char *ch;
2085 
2086 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list", cpu);
2087 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
2088 
2089 	/*
2090 	 * file format:
2091 	 * A ',' separated or '-' separated set of numbers
2092 	 * (eg 1-2 or 1,3,4,5)
2093 	 */
2094 	fscanf(filep, "%d%c\n", &sib1, &character);
2095 	fseek(filep, 0, SEEK_SET);
2096 	fgets(str, 100, filep);
2097 	ch = strchr(str, character);
2098 	while (ch != NULL) {
2099 		matches++;
2100 		ch = strchr(ch+1, character);
2101 	}
2102 
2103 	fclose(filep);
2104 	return matches+1;
2105 }
2106 
2107 /*
2108  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
2109  * skip non-present cpus
2110  */
2111 
2112 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2113 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2114 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
2115 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
2116 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
2117 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
2118 {
2119 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
2120 
2121 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
2122 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
2123 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
2124 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
2125 				struct thread_data *t, *t2;
2126 				struct core_data *c, *c2;
2127 				struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
2128 
2129 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
2130 
2131 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
2132 					continue;
2133 
2134 				t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
2135 
2136 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
2137 				c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, pkg_no);
2138 
2139 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
2140 				p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
2141 
2142 				retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
2143 				if (retval)
2144 					return retval;
2145 			}
2146 		}
2147 	}
2148 	return 0;
2149 }
2150 
2151 /*
2152  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
2153  * return max_cpu number
2154  */
2155 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
2156 {
2157 	FILE *fp;
2158 	int cpu_num;
2159 	int retval;
2160 
2161 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
2162 
2163 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
2164 	if (retval != 0)
2165 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
2166 
2167 	while (1) {
2168 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
2169 		if (retval != 1)
2170 			break;
2171 
2172 		retval = func(cpu_num);
2173 		if (retval) {
2174 			fclose(fp);
2175 			return(retval);
2176 		}
2177 	}
2178 	fclose(fp);
2179 	return 0;
2180 }
2181 
2182 void re_initialize(void)
2183 {
2184 	free_all_buffers();
2185 	setup_all_buffers();
2186 	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
2187 }
2188 
2189 
2190 /*
2191  * count_cpus()
2192  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
2193  */
2194 int count_cpus(int cpu)
2195 {
2196 	if (topo.max_cpu_num < cpu)
2197 		topo.max_cpu_num = cpu;
2198 
2199 	topo.num_cpus += 1;
2200 	return 0;
2201 }
2202 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
2203 {
2204 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
2205 	return 0;
2206 }
2207 
2208 /*
2209  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
2210  *
2211  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
2212  *
2213  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2214  */
2215 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
2216 {
2217 	static FILE *fp;
2218 	int column, retval;
2219 
2220 	if (fp == NULL)
2221 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
2222 	else
2223 		rewind(fp);
2224 
2225 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
2226 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2227 		int cpu_number;
2228 
2229 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
2230 		if (retval != 1)
2231 			break;
2232 
2233 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
2234 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
2235 			return 1;
2236 		}
2237 
2238 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
2239 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
2240 	}
2241 
2242 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
2243 	while (1) {
2244 		int column;
2245 		char buf[64];
2246 
2247 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
2248 		if (retval != 1)
2249 			break;
2250 
2251 		/* read the count per cpu */
2252 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2253 
2254 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
2255 
2256 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
2257 			if (retval != 1)
2258 				break;
2259 
2260 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
2261 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
2262 
2263 		}
2264 
2265 		while (getc(fp) != '\n')
2266 			;	/* flush interrupt description */
2267 
2268 	}
2269 	return 0;
2270 }
2271 /*
2272  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
2273  *
2274  * record snapshot of
2275  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
2276  *
2277  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2278  */
2279 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
2280 {
2281 	FILE *fp;
2282 	int retval;
2283 
2284 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
2285 
2286 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
2287 	if (retval != 1)
2288 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
2289 
2290 	fclose(fp);
2291 
2292 	return 0;
2293 }
2294 /*
2295  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
2296  *
2297  * record snapshot of
2298  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
2299  *
2300  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2301  */
2302 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
2303 {
2304 	static FILE *fp;
2305 	int retval;
2306 
2307 	if (fp == NULL)
2308 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
2309 	else
2310 		rewind(fp);
2311 
2312 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
2313 	if (retval != 1)
2314 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
2315 
2316 	return 0;
2317 }
2318 
2319 /*
2320  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
2321  *
2322  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
2323  */
2324 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
2325 {
2326 	if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
2327 		return 1;
2328 
2329 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
2330 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
2331 
2332 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
2333 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
2334 
2335 	return 0;
2336 }
2337 
2338 void turbostat_loop()
2339 {
2340 	int retval;
2341 	int restarted = 0;
2342 
2343 restart:
2344 	restarted++;
2345 
2346 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
2347 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2348 	if (retval < -1) {
2349 		exit(retval);
2350 	} else if (retval == -1) {
2351 		if (restarted > 1) {
2352 			exit(retval);
2353 		}
2354 		re_initialize();
2355 		goto restart;
2356 	}
2357 	restarted = 0;
2358 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2359 
2360 	while (1) {
2361 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
2362 			re_initialize();
2363 			goto restart;
2364 		}
2365 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2366 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2367 			goto restart;
2368 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
2369 		if (retval < -1) {
2370 			exit(retval);
2371 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2372 			re_initialize();
2373 			goto restart;
2374 		}
2375 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2376 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
2377 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) {
2378 			re_initialize();
2379 			goto restart;
2380 		}
2381 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2382 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2383 		flush_output_stdout();
2384 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2385 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2386 			goto restart;
2387 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2388 		if (retval < -1) {
2389 			exit(retval);
2390 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2391 			re_initialize();
2392 			goto restart;
2393 		}
2394 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2395 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
2396 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) {
2397 			re_initialize();
2398 			goto restart;
2399 		}
2400 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
2401 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
2402 		flush_output_stdout();
2403 	}
2404 }
2405 
2406 void check_dev_msr()
2407 {
2408 	struct stat sb;
2409 	char pathname[32];
2410 
2411 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2412 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
2413  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
2414 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
2415 }
2416 
2417 void check_permissions()
2418 {
2419 	struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_header_data;
2420 	cap_user_header_t cap_header = &cap_header_data;
2421 	struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data_data;
2422 	cap_user_data_t cap_data = &cap_data_data;
2423 	extern int capget(cap_user_header_t hdrp, cap_user_data_t datap);
2424 	int do_exit = 0;
2425 	char pathname[32];
2426 
2427 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
2428 	cap_header->pid = getpid();
2429 	cap_header->version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION;
2430 	if (capget(cap_header, cap_data) < 0)
2431 		err(-6, "capget(2) failed");
2432 
2433 	if ((cap_data->effective & (1 << CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) == 0) {
2434 		do_exit++;
2435 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
2436 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
2437 	}
2438 
2439 	/* test file permissions */
2440 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2441 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
2442 		do_exit++;
2443 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
2444 	}
2445 
2446 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
2447 	if (do_exit)
2448 		if (getuid() != 0)
2449 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
2450 
2451 	if (do_exit)
2452 		exit(-6);
2453 }
2454 
2455 /*
2456  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
2457  *
2458  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
2459  *
2460  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
2461  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL     0x000000e2
2462  *
2463  * MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT               0x000001aa
2464  *
2465  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
2466  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
2467  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
2468  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
2469  *
2470  * Side effect:
2471  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL
2472  * sets has_misc_feature_control
2473  */
2474 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2475 {
2476 	unsigned long long msr;
2477 	unsigned int base_ratio;
2478 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
2479 
2480 	if (!genuine_intel)
2481 		return 0;
2482 
2483 	if (family != 6)
2484 		return 0;
2485 
2486 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
2487 
2488 	switch (model) {
2489 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EP:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
2490 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
2491 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
2492 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
2493 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EP:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
2494 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2495 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2496 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
2497 		break;
2498 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:	/* SNB */
2499 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:	/* SNB Xeon */
2500 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
2501 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
2502 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
2503 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
2504 		break;
2505 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
2506 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2507 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
2508 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
2509 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
2510 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
2511 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2512 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2513 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
2514 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
2515 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
2516 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
2517 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
2518 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
2519 		break;
2520 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
2521 		pkg_cstate_limits = skx_pkg_cstate_limits;
2522 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
2523 		break;
2524 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
2525 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
2526 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
2527 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
2528 		break;
2529 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT:	/* AMT */
2530 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2531 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
2532 		break;
2533 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI */
2534 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2535 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
2536 		break;
2537 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
2538 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
2539 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
2540 		pkg_cstate_limits = bxt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2541 		break;
2542 	default:
2543 		return 0;
2544 	}
2545 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
2546 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
2547 
2548 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2549 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2550 
2551 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
2552 	has_base_hz = 1;
2553 	return 1;
2554 }
2555 /*
2556  * SLV client has supporet for unique MSRs:
2557  *
2558  * MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
2559  * MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
2560  */
2561 
2562 int has_slv_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2563 {
2564 	if (!genuine_intel)
2565 		return 0;
2566 
2567 	switch (model) {
2568 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:
2569 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_MERRIFIELD:
2570 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_MOOREFIELD:
2571 		return 1;
2572 	}
2573 	return 0;
2574 }
2575 
2576 int has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2577 {
2578 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
2579 		return 0;
2580 
2581 	switch (model) {
2582 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
2583 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2584 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2585 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
2586 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2587 		return 0;
2588 	default:
2589 		return 1;
2590 	}
2591 }
2592 int has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2593 {
2594 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
2595 		return 1;
2596 
2597 	return 0;
2598 }
2599 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2600 {
2601 	if (!genuine_intel)
2602 		return 0;
2603 
2604 	if (family != 6)
2605 		return 0;
2606 
2607 	switch (model) {
2608 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
2609 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
2610 		return 1;
2611 	default:
2612 		return 0;
2613 	}
2614 }
2615 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2616 {
2617 	if (!genuine_intel)
2618 		return 0;
2619 
2620 	if (family != 6)
2621 		return 0;
2622 
2623 	switch (model) {
2624 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
2625 		return 1;
2626 	default:
2627 		return 0;
2628 	}
2629 }
2630 
2631 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2632 {
2633 	if (!genuine_intel)
2634 		return 0;
2635 
2636 	if (family != 6)
2637 		return 0;
2638 
2639 	switch (model) {
2640 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
2641 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2642 		return 1;
2643 	default:
2644 		return 0;
2645 	}
2646 }
2647 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2648 {
2649 	if (!genuine_intel)
2650 		return 0;
2651 
2652 	if (family != 6)
2653 		return 0;
2654 
2655 	switch (model) {
2656 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
2657 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
2658 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2659 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
2660 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
2661 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
2662 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
2663 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2664 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2665 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
2666 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
2667 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
2668 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
2669 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
2670 
2671 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
2672 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2673 		return 1;
2674 	default:
2675 		return 0;
2676 	}
2677 }
2678 
2679 static void
2680 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2681 {
2682 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
2683 		return;
2684 
2685 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
2686 
2687 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2688 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
2689 
2690 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2691 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
2692 
2693 	if (has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2694 		dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits();
2695 
2696 	if (has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2697 		dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits();
2698 
2699 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2700 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
2701 
2702 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
2703 		dump_config_tdp();
2704 
2705 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
2706 }
2707 
2708 
2709 /*
2710  * print_epb()
2711  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
2712  */
2713 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2714 {
2715 	unsigned long long msr;
2716 	char *epb_string;
2717 	int cpu;
2718 
2719 	if (!has_epb)
2720 		return 0;
2721 
2722 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2723 
2724 	/* EPB is per-package */
2725 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2726 		return 0;
2727 
2728 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2729 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2730 		return -1;
2731 	}
2732 
2733 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr))
2734 		return 0;
2735 
2736 	switch (msr & 0xF) {
2737 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
2738 		epb_string = "performance";
2739 		break;
2740 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
2741 		epb_string = "balanced";
2742 		break;
2743 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
2744 		epb_string = "powersave";
2745 		break;
2746 	default:
2747 		epb_string = "custom";
2748 		break;
2749 	}
2750 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x%08llx (%s)\n", cpu, msr, epb_string);
2751 
2752 	return 0;
2753 }
2754 /*
2755  * print_hwp()
2756  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
2757  */
2758 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2759 {
2760 	unsigned long long msr;
2761 	int cpu;
2762 
2763 	if (!has_hwp)
2764 		return 0;
2765 
2766 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2767 
2768 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
2769 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2770 		return 0;
2771 
2772 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2773 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2774 		return -1;
2775 	}
2776 
2777 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
2778 		return 0;
2779 
2780 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
2781 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
2782 
2783 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
2784 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
2785 		return 0;
2786 
2787 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
2788 		return 0;
2789 
2790 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
2791 			"(high 0x%x guar 0x%x eff 0x%x low 0x%x)\n",
2792 			cpu, msr,
2793 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
2794 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
2795 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
2796 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
2797 
2798 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
2799 		return 0;
2800 
2801 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
2802 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
2803 			cpu, msr,
2804 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2805 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2806 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2807 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2808 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
2809 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
2810 
2811 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
2812 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
2813 			return 0;
2814 
2815 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
2816 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
2817 			cpu, msr,
2818 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2819 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2820 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2821 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2822 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
2823 	}
2824 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
2825 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2826 			return 0;
2827 
2828 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
2829 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
2830 			cpu, msr,
2831 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
2832 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
2833 	}
2834 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
2835 		return 0;
2836 
2837 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
2838 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
2839 			cpu, msr,
2840 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
2841 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
2842 
2843 	return 0;
2844 }
2845 
2846 /*
2847  * print_perf_limit()
2848  */
2849 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2850 {
2851 	unsigned long long msr;
2852 	int cpu;
2853 
2854 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2855 
2856 	/* per-package */
2857 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2858 		return 0;
2859 
2860 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2861 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2862 		return -1;
2863 	}
2864 
2865 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
2866 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2867 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2868 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2869 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
2870 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
2871 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2872 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2873 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2874 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2875 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2876 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2877 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2878 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2879 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2880 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
2881 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2882 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2883 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2884 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
2885 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
2886 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2887 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2888 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2889 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2890 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2891 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2892 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2893 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2894 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2895 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
2896 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2897 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2898 
2899 	}
2900 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
2901 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2902 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2903 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2904 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2905 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2906 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2907 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2908 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2909 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2910 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2911 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2912 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2913 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2914 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2915 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2916 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2917 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2918 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2919 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2920 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2921 	}
2922 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
2923 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2924 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2925 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2926 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2927 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2928 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2929 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2930 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2931 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2932 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2933 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2934 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2935 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2936 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2937 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2938 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2939 	}
2940 	return 0;
2941 }
2942 
2943 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
2944 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
2945 
2946 double get_tdp(unsigned int model)
2947 {
2948 	unsigned long long msr;
2949 
2950 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
2951 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2952 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
2953 
2954 	switch (model) {
2955 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:
2956 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:
2957 		return 30.0;
2958 	default:
2959 		return 135.0;
2960 	}
2961 }
2962 
2963 /*
2964  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
2965  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
2966  */
2967 static double
2968 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
2969 {
2970 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
2971 
2972 	switch (model) {
2973 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2974 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2975 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2976 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
2977 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2978 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
2979 	default:
2980 		return (rapl_energy_units);
2981 	}
2982 }
2983 
2984 
2985 /*
2986  * rapl_probe()
2987  *
2988  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
2989  */
2990 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2991 {
2992 	unsigned long long msr;
2993 	unsigned int time_unit;
2994 	double tdp;
2995 
2996 	if (!genuine_intel)
2997 		return;
2998 
2999 	if (family != 6)
3000 		return;
3001 
3002 	switch (model) {
3003 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
3004 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:
3005 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3006 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3007 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3008 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3009 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
3010 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3011 		if (rapl_joules) {
3012 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3013 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3014 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
3015 		} else {
3016 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3017 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3018 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
3019 		}
3020 		break;
3021 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3022 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
3023 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3024 		if (rapl_joules)
3025 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3026 		else
3027 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3028 		break;
3029 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3030 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3031 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3032 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3033 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3034 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3035 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3036 		if (rapl_joules) {
3037 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3038 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3039 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3040 		} else {
3041 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3042 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3043 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3044 		}
3045 		break;
3046 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3047 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3048 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3049 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3050 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3051 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3052 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3053 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3054 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3055 		if (rapl_joules) {
3056 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3057 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3058 		} else {
3059 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3060 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3061 		}
3062 		break;
3063 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
3064 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:
3065 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3066 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3067 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3068 		if (rapl_joules) {
3069 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3070 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3071 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3072 		} else {
3073 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3074 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3075 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3076 		}
3077 		break;
3078 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
3079 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
3080 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
3081 		if (rapl_joules) {
3082 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3083 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3084 		} else {
3085 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3086 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3087 		}
3088 		break;
3089 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3090 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
3091 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3092 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3093 		if (rapl_joules) {
3094 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3095 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3096 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3097 		} else {
3098 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3099 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3100 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3101 		}
3102 		break;
3103 	default:
3104 		return;
3105 	}
3106 
3107 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
3108 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
3109 		return;
3110 
3111 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
3112 	if (model == INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1)
3113 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
3114 	else
3115 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
3116 
3117 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
3118 
3119 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
3120 	if (time_unit == 0)
3121 		time_unit = 0xA;
3122 
3123 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
3124 
3125 	tdp = get_tdp(model);
3126 
3127 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
3128 	if (!quiet)
3129 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
3130 
3131 	return;
3132 }
3133 
3134 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3135 {
3136 	if (!genuine_intel)
3137 		return;
3138 
3139 	if (family != 6)
3140 		return;
3141 
3142 	switch (model) {
3143 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3144 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3145 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3146 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3147 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3148 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3149 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3150 	default:
3151 		return;
3152 	}
3153 }
3154 
3155 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3156 {
3157 	unsigned long long msr;
3158 	unsigned int dts;
3159 	int cpu;
3160 
3161 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3162 		return 0;
3163 
3164 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3165 
3166 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
3167 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
3168 		return 0;
3169 
3170 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3171 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3172 		return -1;
3173 	}
3174 
3175 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
3176 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
3177 			return 0;
3178 
3179 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3180 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3181 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
3182 
3183 #ifdef	THERM_DEBUG
3184 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3185 			return 0;
3186 
3187 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3188 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
3189 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
3190 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
3191 #endif
3192 	}
3193 
3194 
3195 	if (do_dts) {
3196 		unsigned int resolution;
3197 
3198 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
3199 			return 0;
3200 
3201 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3202 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
3203 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
3204 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
3205 
3206 #ifdef THERM_DEBUG
3207 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3208 			return 0;
3209 
3210 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3211 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
3212 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
3213 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
3214 #endif
3215 	}
3216 
3217 	return 0;
3218 }
3219 
3220 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
3221 {
3222 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
3223 		cpu, label,
3224 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3225 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
3226 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
3227 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
3228 
3229 	return;
3230 }
3231 
3232 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3233 {
3234 	unsigned long long msr;
3235 	int cpu;
3236 
3237 	if (!do_rapl)
3238 		return 0;
3239 
3240 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
3241 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3242 		return 0;
3243 
3244 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3245 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3246 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3247 		return -1;
3248 	}
3249 
3250 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
3251 		return -1;
3252 
3253 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x%08llx (%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr,
3254 		rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
3255 
3256 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
3257 
3258 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3259                 	return -5;
3260 
3261 
3262 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
3263 			cpu, msr,
3264 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3265 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3266 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3267 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
3268 
3269 	}
3270 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
3271 
3272 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3273 			return -9;
3274 
3275 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3276 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
3277 
3278 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
3279 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
3280 			cpu,
3281 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3282 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
3283 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
3284 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3285 	}
3286 
3287 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
3288 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3289                 	return -6;
3290 
3291 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
3292 			cpu, msr,
3293 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3294 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3295 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3296 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
3297 	}
3298 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
3299 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3300 			return -9;
3301 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3302 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
3303 
3304 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
3305 	}
3306 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
3307 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
3308 			return -7;
3309 
3310 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
3311 	}
3312 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT) {
3313 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3314 			return -9;
3315 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3316 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
3317 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
3318 	}
3319 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
3320 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
3321 			return -8;
3322 
3323 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
3324 
3325 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3326 			return -9;
3327 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3328 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
3329 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
3330 	}
3331 	return 0;
3332 }
3333 
3334 /*
3335  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
3336  *
3337  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
3338  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
3339  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
3340  */
3341 
3342 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3343 {
3344 	if (!genuine_intel)
3345 		return 0;
3346 
3347 	switch (model) {
3348 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
3349 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
3350 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3351 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3352 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3353 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW */
3354 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3355 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3356 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3357 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
3358 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3359 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3360 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3361 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3362 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3363 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3364 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3365 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3366 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
3367 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3368 		return 1;
3369 	}
3370 	return 0;
3371 }
3372 
3373 /*
3374  * HSW adds support for additional MSRs:
3375  *
3376  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
3377  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
3378  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
3379  *
3380  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
3381  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
3382  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
3383  *
3384  */
3385 int has_hsw_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3386 {
3387 	if (!genuine_intel)
3388 		return 0;
3389 
3390 	switch (model) {
3391 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3392 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3393 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3394 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3395 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3396 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3397 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3398 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
3399 		return 1;
3400 	}
3401 	return 0;
3402 }
3403 
3404 /*
3405  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
3406  *
3407  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
3408  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
3409  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
3410  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
3411  */
3412 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3413 {
3414 	if (!genuine_intel)
3415 		return 0;
3416 
3417 	switch (model) {
3418 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3419 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3420 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3421 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3422 		return 1;
3423 	}
3424 	return 0;
3425 }
3426 
3427 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3428 {
3429 	if (!genuine_intel)
3430 		return 0;
3431 	switch (model) {
3432 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
3433 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
3434 		return 1;
3435 	}
3436 	return 0;
3437 }
3438 
3439 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3440 {
3441 	if (!genuine_intel)
3442 		return 0;
3443 	switch (model) {
3444 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3445 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3446 		return 1;
3447 	}
3448 	return 0;
3449 }
3450 
3451 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3452 {
3453 	if (is_knl(family, model))
3454 		return 1024;
3455 	return 1;
3456 }
3457 
3458 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
3459 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
3460 
3461 double slm_bclk(void)
3462 {
3463 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
3464 	unsigned int i;
3465 	double freq;
3466 
3467 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
3468 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
3469 
3470 	i = msr & 0xf;
3471 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
3472 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
3473 		i = 3;
3474 	}
3475 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
3476 
3477 	if (!quiet)
3478 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
3479 
3480 	return freq;
3481 }
3482 
3483 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3484 {
3485 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
3486 		return 100.00;
3487 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
3488 		return slm_bclk();
3489 	else
3490 		return 133.33;
3491 }
3492 
3493 /*
3494  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
3495  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
3496  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
3497  *
3498  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
3499  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
3500  *
3501  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
3502  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
3503  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
3504  */
3505 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3506 {
3507 	unsigned long long msr;
3508 	unsigned int target_c_local;
3509 	int cpu;
3510 
3511 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
3512 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3513 		return 0;
3514 
3515 	/* this is a per-package concept */
3516 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3517 		return 0;
3518 
3519 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3520 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3521 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3522 		return -1;
3523 	}
3524 
3525 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
3526 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
3527 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n",
3528 			cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3529 		return 0;
3530 	}
3531 
3532 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
3533 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3534 		goto guess;
3535 
3536 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
3537 		goto guess;
3538 
3539 	target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
3540 
3541 	if (!quiet)
3542 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3543 			cpu, msr, target_c_local);
3544 
3545 	if (!target_c_local)
3546 		goto guess;
3547 
3548 	tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local;
3549 
3550 	return 0;
3551 
3552 guess:
3553 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
3554 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n",
3555 		cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3556 
3557 	return 0;
3558 }
3559 
3560 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
3561 {
3562 	unsigned long long msr;
3563 
3564 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
3565 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
3566 			base_cpu, msr,
3567 			msr & FEATURE_CONTROL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-",
3568 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
3569 }
3570 
3571 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
3572 {
3573 	unsigned long long msr;
3574 
3575 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
3576 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sTCC %sEIST %sMWAIT %sPREFETCH %sTURBO)\n",
3577 			base_cpu, msr,
3578 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TM1 ? "" : "No-",
3579 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP ? "" : "No-",
3580 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_MWAIT ? "No-" : "",
3581 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_PREFETCH_DISABLE ? "No-" : "",
3582 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TURBO_DISABLE ? "No-" : "");
3583 }
3584 
3585 void decode_misc_feature_control(void)
3586 {
3587 	unsigned long long msr;
3588 
3589 	if (!has_misc_feature_control)
3590 		return;
3591 
3592 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
3593 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sL2-Prefetch %sL2-Prefetch-pair %sL1-Prefetch %sL1-IP-Prefetch)\n",
3594 			base_cpu, msr,
3595 			msr & (0 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
3596 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
3597 			msr & (2 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
3598 			msr & (3 << 0) ? "No-" : "");
3599 }
3600 /*
3601  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
3602  *
3603  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
3604  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
3605  * bit[1] less so...
3606  */
3607 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
3608 {
3609 	unsigned long long msr;
3610 
3611 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3612 		return;
3613 
3614 	if (no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT)
3615 		return;
3616 
3617 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
3618 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB %sable-OOB)\n",
3619 			base_cpu, msr,
3620 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
3621 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3622 			msr & (1 << 8) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3623 }
3624 /*
3625  * Decode MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3626  *
3627  * This MSRs are present on Silvermont processors,
3628  * Intel Atom processor E3000 series (Baytrail), and friends.
3629  */
3630 void decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr(void)
3631 {
3632 	unsigned long long msr;
3633 
3634 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
3635 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-CC6-Demotion)\n",
3636 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3637 
3638 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
3639 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-MC6-Demotion)\n",
3640 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3641 }
3642 
3643 void process_cpuid()
3644 {
3645 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level, max_extended_level;
3646 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping;
3647 	unsigned int has_turbo;
3648 
3649 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3650 
3651 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3652 
3653 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && edx == 0x49656e69 && ecx == 0x6c65746e)
3654 		genuine_intel = 1;
3655 
3656 	if (!quiet)
3657 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
3658 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
3659 
3660 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
3661 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
3662 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
3663 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
3664 	if (family == 6 || family == 0xf)
3665 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
3666 
3667 	if (!quiet) {
3668 		fprintf(outf, "%d CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
3669 			max_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
3670 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
3671 			ecx & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
3672 			ecx & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
3673 			ecx & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
3674 			ecx & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
3675 			ecx & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
3676 			edx & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
3677 			edx & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
3678 			edx & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
3679 			edx & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
3680 	}
3681 
3682 	if (!(edx & (1 << 5)))
3683 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
3684 
3685 	/*
3686 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
3687 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
3688 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
3689 	 */
3690 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3691 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3692 
3693 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
3694 
3695 		/*
3696 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
3697 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3698 		 */
3699 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3700 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
3701 	}
3702 
3703 	/*
3704 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
3705 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3706 	 */
3707 
3708 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3709 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
3710 	if (has_aperf) {
3711 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Avg_MHz);
3712 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Busy);
3713 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Bzy_MHz);
3714 	}
3715 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
3716 	if (do_dts)
3717 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CoreTmp);
3718 	has_turbo = eax & (1 << 1);
3719 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
3720 	if (do_ptm)
3721 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgTmp);
3722 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
3723 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
3724 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
3725 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
3726 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
3727 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
3728 
3729 	if (!quiet)
3730 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sTURBO, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
3731 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
3732 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
3733 			has_turbo ? "" : "No-",
3734 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
3735 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
3736 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
3737 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
3738 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
3739 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
3740 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
3741 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
3742 
3743 	if (!quiet)
3744 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
3745 
3746 
3747 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && !quiet) {
3748 		int has_sgx;
3749 
3750 		ecx = 0;
3751 
3752 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3753 
3754 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
3755 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
3756 
3757 		if (has_sgx)
3758 			decode_feature_control_msr();
3759 	}
3760 
3761 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
3762 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
3763 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
3764 
3765 		/*
3766 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
3767 		 */
3768 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
3769 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
3770 
3771 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
3772 
3773 			if (!quiet && (ebx != 0))
3774 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
3775 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
3776 
3777 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
3778 				switch(model) {
3779 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3780 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3781 				case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3782 				case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3783 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
3784 					break;
3785 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3786 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3787 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
3788 					break;
3789 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3790 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
3791 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
3792 					break;
3793 				default:
3794 					crystal_hz = 0;
3795 			}
3796 
3797 			if (crystal_hz) {
3798 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
3799 				if (!quiet)
3800 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
3801 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
3802 			}
3803 		}
3804 	}
3805 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
3806 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
3807 
3808 		/*
3809 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
3810 		 */
3811 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
3812 
3813 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
3814 		if (!quiet)
3815 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
3816 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
3817 	}
3818 
3819 	if (has_aperf)
3820 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
3821 
3822 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IRQ);
3823 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_TSC_MHz);
3824 
3825 	if (probe_nhm_msrs(family, model)) {
3826 		do_nhm_platform_info = 1;
3827 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
3828 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
3829 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c6);
3830 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SMI);
3831 	}
3832 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3833 
3834 	if (do_snb_cstates)
3835 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
3836 
3837 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3838 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2))
3839 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
3840 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3)
3841 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
3842 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6)
3843 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
3844 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7))
3845 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
3846 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model)) {
3847 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
3848 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
3849 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
3850 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
3851 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Mod_c6);
3852 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
3853 	}
3854 	if (has_hsw_msrs(family, model)) {
3855 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc8);
3856 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc9);
3857 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc10);
3858 	}
3859 	do_irtl_hsw = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3860 	do_skl_residency = has_skl_msrs(family, model);
3861 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
3862 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
3863 
3864 	if (!quiet)
3865 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
3866 
3867 	if (!quiet && has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3868 		decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr();
3869 
3870 	rapl_probe(family, model);
3871 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
3872 
3873 	if (!quiet)
3874 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
3875 
3876 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
3877 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
3878 
3879 	if (!access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK))
3880 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_rc6);
3881 
3882 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK))
3883 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXMHz);
3884 
3885 	if (!quiet)
3886 		decode_misc_feature_control();
3887 
3888 	return;
3889 }
3890 
3891 void help()
3892 {
3893 	fprintf(outf,
3894 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
3895 	"\n"
3896 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
3897 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
3898 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
3899 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
3900 	"--add		add a counter\n"
3901 	"		eg. --add msr0x10,u64,cpu,delta,MY_TSC\n"
3902 	"--quiet	skip decoding system configuration header\n"
3903 	"--interval sec	Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
3904 	"--help		print this help message\n"
3905 	"--out file	create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
3906 	"--version	print version information\n"
3907 	"\n"
3908 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
3909 }
3910 
3911 
3912 /*
3913  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
3914  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
3915  */
3916 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
3917 {
3918 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
3919 		return 1;
3920 	else
3921 		return 0;
3922 }
3923 
3924 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
3925 {
3926 	return 0;
3927 }
3928 
3929 void topology_probe()
3930 {
3931 	int i;
3932 	int max_core_id = 0;
3933 	int max_package_id = 0;
3934 	int max_siblings = 0;
3935 	struct cpu_topology {
3936 		int core_id;
3937 		int physical_package_id;
3938 	} *cpus;
3939 
3940 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
3941 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
3942 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
3943 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
3944 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
3945 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU);
3946 
3947 	if (debug > 1)
3948 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
3949 
3950 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
3951 	if (cpus == NULL)
3952 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
3953 
3954 	/*
3955 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
3956 	 */
3957 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3958 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
3959 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3960 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3961 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3962 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
3963 
3964 	/*
3965 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
3966 	 */
3967 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3968 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
3969 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3970 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3971 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
3972 
3973 
3974 	/*
3975 	 * For online cpus
3976 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
3977 	 */
3978 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
3979 		int siblings;
3980 
3981 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
3982 			if (debug > 1)
3983 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
3984 			continue;
3985 		}
3986 		cpus[i].core_id = get_core_id(i);
3987 		if (cpus[i].core_id > max_core_id)
3988 			max_core_id = cpus[i].core_id;
3989 
3990 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
3991 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
3992 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
3993 
3994 		siblings = get_num_ht_siblings(i);
3995 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
3996 			max_siblings = siblings;
3997 		if (debug > 1)
3998 			fprintf(outf, "cpu %d pkg %d core %d\n",
3999 				i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].core_id);
4000 	}
4001 	topo.num_cores_per_pkg = max_core_id + 1;
4002 	if (debug > 1)
4003 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
4004 			max_core_id, topo.num_cores_per_pkg);
4005 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cores_per_pkg > 1)
4006 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Core);
4007 
4008 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
4009 	if (debug > 1)
4010 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
4011 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
4012 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
4013 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Package);
4014 
4015 	topo.num_threads_per_core = max_siblings;
4016 	if (debug > 1)
4017 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
4018 
4019 	free(cpus);
4020 }
4021 
4022 void
4023 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
4024 {
4025 	int i;
4026 
4027 	*t = calloc(topo.num_threads_per_core * topo.num_cores_per_pkg *
4028 		topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct thread_data));
4029 	if (*t == NULL)
4030 		goto error;
4031 
4032 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core *
4033 		topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
4034 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
4035 
4036 	*c = calloc(topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages,
4037 		sizeof(struct core_data));
4038 	if (*c == NULL)
4039 		goto error;
4040 
4041 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
4042 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
4043 
4044 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
4045 	if (*p == NULL)
4046 		goto error;
4047 
4048 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
4049 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
4050 
4051 	return;
4052 error:
4053 	err(1, "calloc counters");
4054 }
4055 /*
4056  * init_counter()
4057  *
4058  * set cpu_id, core_num, pkg_num
4059  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
4060  *
4061  * increment topo.num_cores when 1st core in pkg seen
4062  */
4063 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
4064 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int thread_num, int core_num,
4065 	int pkg_num, int cpu_id)
4066 {
4067 	struct thread_data *t;
4068 	struct core_data *c;
4069 	struct pkg_data *p;
4070 
4071 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_num, core_num, pkg_num);
4072 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_num, pkg_num);
4073 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_num);
4074 
4075 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
4076 	if (thread_num == 0) {
4077 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
4078 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
4079 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
4080 	}
4081 
4082 	c->core_id = core_num;
4083 	p->package_id = pkg_num;
4084 }
4085 
4086 
4087 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
4088 {
4089 	int my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id;
4090 
4091 	my_package_id = get_physical_package_id(cpu_id);
4092 	my_core_id = get_core_id(cpu_id);
4093 	my_thread_id = get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu_id);
4094 	if (!my_thread_id)
4095 		topo.num_cores++;
4096 
4097 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
4098 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
4099 	return 0;
4100 }
4101 
4102 void allocate_output_buffer()
4103 {
4104 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 1024);
4105 	outp = output_buffer;
4106 	if (outp == NULL)
4107 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
4108 }
4109 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
4110 {
4111 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
4112 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
4113 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
4114 }
4115 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
4116 {
4117 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
4118 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
4119 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
4120 
4121 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
4122 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
4123 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num + 1);
4124 }
4125 void setup_all_buffers(void)
4126 {
4127 	topology_probe();
4128 	allocate_irq_buffers();
4129 	allocate_fd_percpu();
4130 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
4131 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
4132 	allocate_output_buffer();
4133 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
4134 }
4135 
4136 void set_base_cpu(void)
4137 {
4138 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
4139 	if (base_cpu < 0)
4140 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
4141 
4142 	if (debug > 1)
4143 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
4144 }
4145 
4146 void turbostat_init()
4147 {
4148 	setup_all_buffers();
4149 	set_base_cpu();
4150 	check_dev_msr();
4151 	check_permissions();
4152 	process_cpuid();
4153 
4154 
4155 	if (!quiet)
4156 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
4157 
4158 	if (!quiet)
4159 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
4160 
4161 	if (!quiet)
4162 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
4163 
4164 	if (!quiet)
4165 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
4166 
4167 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
4168 
4169 	if (!quiet)
4170 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
4171 
4172 	if (!quiet && do_irtl_snb)
4173 		print_irtl();
4174 }
4175 
4176 int fork_it(char **argv)
4177 {
4178 	pid_t child_pid;
4179 	int status;
4180 
4181 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
4182 	if (status)
4183 		exit(status);
4184 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
4185 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
4186 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
4187 
4188 	child_pid = fork();
4189 	if (!child_pid) {
4190 		/* child */
4191 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
4192 	} else {
4193 
4194 		/* parent */
4195 		if (child_pid == -1)
4196 			err(1, "fork");
4197 
4198 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
4199 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
4200 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
4201 			err(status, "waitpid");
4202 	}
4203 	/*
4204 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
4205 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
4206 	 */
4207 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4208 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
4209 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
4210 	if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS))
4211 		fprintf(outf, "%s: Counter reset detected\n", progname);
4212 	else {
4213 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
4214 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
4215 	}
4216 
4217 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
4218 
4219 	flush_output_stderr();
4220 
4221 	return status;
4222 }
4223 
4224 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
4225 {
4226 	int status;
4227 
4228 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4229 	if (status)
4230 		return status;
4231 
4232 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4233 	if (status)
4234 		return status;
4235 
4236 	flush_output_stdout();
4237 
4238 	return status;
4239 }
4240 
4241 void print_version() {
4242 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 4.17 10 Jan 2017"
4243 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
4244 }
4245 
4246 int add_counter(unsigned int msr_num, char *name, unsigned int width,
4247 	enum counter_scope scope, enum counter_type type,
4248 	enum counter_format format)
4249 {
4250 	struct msr_counter *msrp;
4251 
4252 	msrp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct msr_counter));
4253 	if (msrp == NULL) {
4254 		perror("calloc");
4255 		exit(1);
4256 	}
4257 
4258 	msrp->msr_num = msr_num;
4259 	strncpy(msrp->name, name, NAME_BYTES);
4260 	msrp->width = width;
4261 	msrp->type = type;
4262 	msrp->format = format;
4263 
4264 	switch (scope) {
4265 
4266 	case SCOPE_CPU:
4267 		msrp->next = sys.tp;
4268 		sys.tp = msrp;
4269 		sys.added_thread_counters++;
4270 		if (sys.added_thread_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4271 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added thread counters\n",
4272 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4273 			exit(-1);
4274 		}
4275 		break;
4276 
4277 	case SCOPE_CORE:
4278 		msrp->next = sys.cp;
4279 		sys.cp = msrp;
4280 		sys.added_core_counters++;
4281 		if (sys.added_core_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4282 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added core counters\n",
4283 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4284 			exit(-1);
4285 		}
4286 		break;
4287 
4288 	case SCOPE_PACKAGE:
4289 		msrp->next = sys.pp;
4290 		sys.pp = msrp;
4291 		sys.added_package_counters++;
4292 		if (sys.added_package_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4293 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added package counters\n",
4294 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4295 			exit(-1);
4296 		}
4297 		break;
4298 	}
4299 
4300 	return 0;
4301 }
4302 
4303 void parse_add_command(char *add_command)
4304 {
4305 	int msr_num = 0;
4306 	char name_buffer[NAME_BYTES] = "";
4307 	int width = 64;
4308 	int fail = 0;
4309 	enum counter_scope scope = SCOPE_CPU;
4310 	enum counter_type type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
4311 	enum counter_format format = FORMAT_DELTA;
4312 
4313 	while (add_command) {
4314 
4315 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr0x%x", &msr_num) == 1)
4316 			goto next;
4317 
4318 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr%d", &msr_num) == 1)
4319 			goto next;
4320 
4321 		if (sscanf(add_command, "u%d", &width) == 1) {
4322 			if ((width == 32) || (width == 64))
4323 				goto next;
4324 			width = 64;
4325 		}
4326 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cpu", strlen("cpu"))) {
4327 			scope = SCOPE_CPU;
4328 			goto next;
4329 		}
4330 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "core", strlen("core"))) {
4331 			scope = SCOPE_CORE;
4332 			goto next;
4333 		}
4334 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "package", strlen("package"))) {
4335 			scope = SCOPE_PACKAGE;
4336 			goto next;
4337 		}
4338 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cycles", strlen("cycles"))) {
4339 			type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
4340 			goto next;
4341 		}
4342 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "seconds", strlen("seconds"))) {
4343 			type = COUNTER_SECONDS;
4344 			goto next;
4345 		}
4346 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "raw", strlen("raw"))) {
4347 			format = FORMAT_RAW;
4348 			goto next;
4349 		}
4350 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "delta", strlen("delta"))) {
4351 			format = FORMAT_DELTA;
4352 			goto next;
4353 		}
4354 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "percent", strlen("percent"))) {
4355 			format = FORMAT_PERCENT;
4356 			goto next;
4357 		}
4358 
4359 		if (sscanf(add_command, "%18s,%*s", name_buffer) == 1) {	/* 18 < NAME_BYTES */
4360 			char *eos;
4361 
4362 			eos = strchr(name_buffer, ',');
4363 			if (eos)
4364 				*eos = '\0';
4365 			goto next;
4366 		}
4367 
4368 next:
4369 		add_command = strchr(add_command, ',');
4370 		if (add_command)
4371 			add_command++;
4372 
4373 	}
4374 	if (msr_num == 0) {
4375 		fprintf(stderr, "--add: (msrDDD | msr0xXXX) required\n");
4376 		fail++;
4377 	}
4378 
4379 	/* generate default column header */
4380 	if (*name_buffer == '\0') {
4381 		if (format == FORMAT_RAW) {
4382 			if (width == 32)
4383 				sprintf(name_buffer, "msr%d", msr_num);
4384 			else
4385 				sprintf(name_buffer, "MSR%d", msr_num);
4386 		} else if (format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
4387 			if (width == 32)
4388 				sprintf(name_buffer, "cnt%d", msr_num);
4389 			else
4390 				sprintf(name_buffer, "CNT%d", msr_num);
4391 		} else if (format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
4392 			if (width == 32)
4393 				sprintf(name_buffer, "msr%d%%", msr_num);
4394 			else
4395 				sprintf(name_buffer, "MSR%d%%", msr_num);
4396 		}
4397 	}
4398 
4399 	if (add_counter(msr_num, name_buffer, width, scope, type, format))
4400 		fail++;
4401 
4402 	if (fail) {
4403 		help();
4404 		exit(1);
4405 	}
4406 }
4407 /*
4408  * HIDE_LIST - hide this list of counters, show the rest [default]
4409  * SHOW_LIST - show this list of counters, hide the rest
4410  */
4411 enum show_hide_mode { SHOW_LIST, HIDE_LIST } global_show_hide_mode = HIDE_LIST;
4412 
4413 int shown;
4414 /*
4415  * parse_show_hide() - process cmdline to set default counter action
4416  */
4417 void parse_show_hide(char *optarg, enum show_hide_mode new_mode)
4418 {
4419 	/*
4420 	 * --show: show only those specified
4421 	 *  The 1st invocation will clear and replace the enabled mask
4422 	 *  subsequent invocations can add to it.
4423 	 */
4424 	if (new_mode == SHOW_LIST) {
4425 		if (shown == 0)
4426 			bic_enabled = bic_lookup(optarg);
4427 		else
4428 			bic_enabled |= bic_lookup(optarg);
4429 		shown = 1;
4430 
4431 		return;
4432 	}
4433 
4434 	/*
4435 	 * --hide: do not show those specified
4436 	 *  multiple invocations simply clear more bits in enabled mask
4437 	 */
4438 	bic_enabled &= ~bic_lookup(optarg);
4439 }
4440 
4441 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
4442 {
4443 	int opt;
4444 	int option_index = 0;
4445 	static struct option long_options[] = {
4446 		{"add",		required_argument,	0, 'a'},
4447 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
4448 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},	/* internal, not documented */
4449 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
4450 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
4451 		{"hide",	required_argument,	0, 'H'},	// meh, -h taken by --help
4452 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
4453 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
4454 		{"Package",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
4455 		{"processor",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
4456 		{"quiet",	no_argument,		0, 'q'},
4457 		{"show",	required_argument,	0, 's'},
4458 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
4459 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
4460 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
4461 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
4462 	};
4463 
4464 	progname = argv[0];
4465 
4466 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Ddhi:JM:m:o:PpqST:v",
4467 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
4468 		switch (opt) {
4469 		case 'a':
4470 			parse_add_command(optarg);
4471 			break;
4472 		case 'D':
4473 			dump_only++;
4474 			break;
4475 		case 'd':
4476 			debug++;
4477 			break;
4478 		case 'H':
4479 			parse_show_hide(optarg, HIDE_LIST);
4480 			break;
4481 		case 'h':
4482 		default:
4483 			help();
4484 			exit(1);
4485 		case 'i':
4486 			{
4487 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
4488 
4489 				if (interval < 0.001) {
4490 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
4491 						interval);
4492 					exit(2);
4493 				}
4494 
4495 				interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
4496 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
4497 			}
4498 			break;
4499 		case 'J':
4500 			rapl_joules++;
4501 			break;
4502 		case 'o':
4503 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
4504 			break;
4505 		case 'P':
4506 			show_pkg_only++;
4507 			break;
4508 		case 'p':
4509 			show_core_only++;
4510 			break;
4511 		case 'q':
4512 			quiet = 1;
4513 			break;
4514 		case 's':
4515 			parse_show_hide(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
4516 			break;
4517 		case 'S':
4518 			summary_only++;
4519 			break;
4520 		case 'T':
4521 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
4522 			break;
4523 		case 'v':
4524 			print_version();
4525 			exit(0);
4526 			break;
4527 		}
4528 	}
4529 }
4530 
4531 int main(int argc, char **argv)
4532 {
4533 	outf = stderr;
4534 
4535 	cmdline(argc, argv);
4536 
4537 	if (!quiet)
4538 		print_version();
4539 
4540 	turbostat_init();
4541 
4542 	/* dump counters and exit */
4543 	if (dump_only)
4544 		return get_and_dump_counters();
4545 
4546 	/*
4547 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
4548 	 */
4549 	if (argc - optind)
4550 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
4551 	else
4552 		turbostat_loop();
4553 
4554 	return 0;
4555 }
4556