xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c (revision 812f77b749a8ae11f58dacf0d3ed65e7ede47458)
1 /*
2  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
3  * on modern Intel turbo-capable processors.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
6  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
10  * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
15  * more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
18  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
19  * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20  */
21 
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #include MSRHEADER
24 #include INTEL_FAMILY_HEADER
25 #include <stdarg.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <err.h>
28 #include <unistd.h>
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <sys/wait.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32 #include <sys/resource.h>
33 #include <fcntl.h>
34 #include <signal.h>
35 #include <sys/time.h>
36 #include <stdlib.h>
37 #include <getopt.h>
38 #include <dirent.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 #include <ctype.h>
41 #include <sched.h>
42 #include <time.h>
43 #include <cpuid.h>
44 #include <linux/capability.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 
47 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
48 FILE *outf;
49 int *fd_percpu;
50 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
51 unsigned int debug;
52 unsigned int quiet;
53 unsigned int sums_need_wide_columns;
54 unsigned int rapl_joules;
55 unsigned int summary_only;
56 unsigned int list_header_only;
57 unsigned int dump_only;
58 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
59 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
60 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
61 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
62 unsigned int has_aperf;
63 unsigned int has_epb;
64 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
65 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
66 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
67 unsigned int genuine_intel;
68 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
69 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
70 unsigned int no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT;
71 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
72 double bclk;
73 double base_hz;
74 unsigned int has_base_hz;
75 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
76 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
77 unsigned int show_core_only;
78 char *output_buffer, *outp;
79 unsigned int do_rapl;
80 unsigned int do_dts;
81 unsigned int do_ptm;
82 unsigned long long  gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
83 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
84 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
85 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
86 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
87 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
88 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
89 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
90 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
91 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
92 unsigned int crystal_hz;
93 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
94 int base_cpu;
95 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
96 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
97 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
98 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
99 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
100 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
101 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
102 unsigned int has_misc_feature_control;
103 
104 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
105 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
106 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
107 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
108 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
109 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
110 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
111 
112 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
113 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
114 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
115 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
116 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
117 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
118 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
119 
120 #define RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT	(1 << 6)
121 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
122 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
123 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
124 
125 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
126 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
127 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
128 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
129 
130 #define RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS	(1 << 9)
131 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
132 #define RAPL_CORES (RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS | RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT)
133 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
134 
135 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
136 
137 /*
138  * buffer size used by sscanf() for added column names
139  * Usually truncated to 7 characters, but also handles 18 columns for raw 64-bit counters
140  */
141 #define	NAME_BYTES 20
142 #define PATH_BYTES 128
143 
144 int backwards_count;
145 char *progname;
146 
147 #define CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS	1024	/* need to use before probe... */
148 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set, *cpu_subset;
149 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_subset_size;
150 #define MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS 16
151 
152 struct thread_data {
153 	struct timeval tv_begin;
154 	struct timeval tv_end;
155 	unsigned long long tsc;
156 	unsigned long long aperf;
157 	unsigned long long mperf;
158 	unsigned long long c1;
159 	unsigned long long  irq_count;
160 	unsigned int smi_count;
161 	unsigned int cpu_id;
162 	unsigned int flags;
163 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
164 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
165 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
166 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
167 
168 struct core_data {
169 	unsigned long long c3;
170 	unsigned long long c6;
171 	unsigned long long c7;
172 	unsigned long long mc6_us;	/* duplicate as per-core for now, even though per module */
173 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
174 	unsigned int core_id;
175 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
176 } *core_even, *core_odd;
177 
178 struct pkg_data {
179 	unsigned long long pc2;
180 	unsigned long long pc3;
181 	unsigned long long pc6;
182 	unsigned long long pc7;
183 	unsigned long long pc8;
184 	unsigned long long pc9;
185 	unsigned long long pc10;
186 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
187 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
188 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
189 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
190 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
191 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
192 	unsigned int package_id;
193 	unsigned int energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
194 	unsigned int energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
195 	unsigned int energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
196 	unsigned int energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
197 	unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
198 	unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
199 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
200 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
201 } *package_even, *package_odd;
202 
203 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
204 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
205 
206 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no) \
207 	(thread_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg * \
208 		topo.num_threads_per_core + \
209 		(core_no) * topo.num_threads_per_core + (thread_no))
210 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no) \
211 	(core_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg + (core_no))
212 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
213 
214 enum counter_scope {SCOPE_CPU, SCOPE_CORE, SCOPE_PACKAGE};
215 enum counter_type {COUNTER_ITEMS, COUNTER_CYCLES, COUNTER_SECONDS, COUNTER_USEC};
216 enum counter_format {FORMAT_RAW, FORMAT_DELTA, FORMAT_PERCENT};
217 
218 struct msr_counter {
219 	unsigned int msr_num;
220 	char name[NAME_BYTES];
221 	char path[PATH_BYTES];
222 	unsigned int width;
223 	enum counter_type type;
224 	enum counter_format format;
225 	struct msr_counter *next;
226 	unsigned int flags;
227 #define	FLAGS_HIDE	(1 << 0)
228 #define	FLAGS_SHOW	(1 << 1)
229 #define	SYSFS_PERCPU	(1 << 1)
230 };
231 
232 struct sys_counters {
233 	unsigned int added_thread_counters;
234 	unsigned int added_core_counters;
235 	unsigned int added_package_counters;
236 	struct msr_counter *tp;
237 	struct msr_counter *cp;
238 	struct msr_counter *pp;
239 } sys;
240 
241 struct system_summary {
242 	struct thread_data threads;
243 	struct core_data cores;
244 	struct pkg_data packages;
245 } average;
246 
247 
248 struct topo_params {
249 	int num_packages;
250 	int num_cpus;
251 	int num_cores;
252 	int max_cpu_num;
253 	int num_cores_per_pkg;
254 	int num_threads_per_core;
255 } topo;
256 
257 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
258 
259 int *irq_column_2_cpu;	/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
260 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
261 
262 void setup_all_buffers(void);
263 
264 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
265 {
266 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
267 }
268 /*
269  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
270  * skip non-present cpus
271  */
272 
273 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
274 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
275 {
276 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
277 
278 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
279 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
280 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
281 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
282 				struct thread_data *t;
283 				struct core_data *c;
284 				struct pkg_data *p;
285 
286 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
287 
288 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
289 					continue;
290 
291 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
292 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
293 
294 				retval = func(t, c, p);
295 				if (retval)
296 					return retval;
297 			}
298 		}
299 	}
300 	return 0;
301 }
302 
303 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
304 {
305 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
306 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
307 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
308 		return -1;
309 	else
310 		return 0;
311 }
312 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
313 {
314 	char pathname[32];
315 	int fd;
316 
317 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
318 
319 	if (fd)
320 		return fd;
321 
322 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
323 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
324 	if (fd < 0)
325 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
326 
327 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
328 
329 	return fd;
330 }
331 
332 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
333 {
334 	ssize_t retval;
335 
336 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
337 
338 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
339 		err(-1, "cpu%d: msr offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
340 
341 	return 0;
342 }
343 
344 /*
345  * Each string in this array is compared in --show and --hide cmdline.
346  * Thus, strings that are proper sub-sets must follow their more specific peers.
347  */
348 struct msr_counter bic[] = {
349 	{ 0x0, "Package" },
350 	{ 0x0, "Avg_MHz" },
351 	{ 0x0, "Bzy_MHz" },
352 	{ 0x0, "TSC_MHz" },
353 	{ 0x0, "IRQ" },
354 	{ 0x0, "SMI", "", 32, 0, FORMAT_DELTA, NULL},
355 	{ 0x0, "Busy%" },
356 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c1" },
357 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c3" },
358 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c6" },
359 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c7" },
360 	{ 0x0, "ThreadC" },
361 	{ 0x0, "CoreTmp" },
362 	{ 0x0, "CoreCnt" },
363 	{ 0x0, "PkgTmp" },
364 	{ 0x0, "GFX%rc6" },
365 	{ 0x0, "GFXMHz" },
366 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc2" },
367 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc3" },
368 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc6" },
369 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc7" },
370 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc8" },
371 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc9" },
372 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc10" },
373 	{ 0x0, "PkgWatt" },
374 	{ 0x0, "CorWatt" },
375 	{ 0x0, "GFXWatt" },
376 	{ 0x0, "PkgCnt" },
377 	{ 0x0, "RAMWatt" },
378 	{ 0x0, "PKG_%" },
379 	{ 0x0, "RAM_%" },
380 	{ 0x0, "Pkg_J" },
381 	{ 0x0, "Cor_J" },
382 	{ 0x0, "GFX_J" },
383 	{ 0x0, "RAM_J" },
384 	{ 0x0, "Core" },
385 	{ 0x0, "CPU" },
386 	{ 0x0, "Mod%c6" },
387 	{ 0x0, "sysfs" },
388 	{ 0x0, "Totl%C0" },
389 	{ 0x0, "Any%C0" },
390 	{ 0x0, "GFX%C0" },
391 	{ 0x0, "CPUGFX%" },
392 };
393 
394 
395 
396 #define MAX_BIC (sizeof(bic) / sizeof(struct msr_counter))
397 #define	BIC_Package	(1ULL << 0)
398 #define	BIC_Avg_MHz	(1ULL << 1)
399 #define	BIC_Bzy_MHz	(1ULL << 2)
400 #define	BIC_TSC_MHz	(1ULL << 3)
401 #define	BIC_IRQ		(1ULL << 4)
402 #define	BIC_SMI		(1ULL << 5)
403 #define	BIC_Busy	(1ULL << 6)
404 #define	BIC_CPU_c1	(1ULL << 7)
405 #define	BIC_CPU_c3	(1ULL << 8)
406 #define	BIC_CPU_c6	(1ULL << 9)
407 #define	BIC_CPU_c7	(1ULL << 10)
408 #define	BIC_ThreadC	(1ULL << 11)
409 #define	BIC_CoreTmp	(1ULL << 12)
410 #define	BIC_CoreCnt	(1ULL << 13)
411 #define	BIC_PkgTmp	(1ULL << 14)
412 #define	BIC_GFX_rc6	(1ULL << 15)
413 #define	BIC_GFXMHz	(1ULL << 16)
414 #define	BIC_Pkgpc2	(1ULL << 17)
415 #define	BIC_Pkgpc3	(1ULL << 18)
416 #define	BIC_Pkgpc6	(1ULL << 19)
417 #define	BIC_Pkgpc7	(1ULL << 20)
418 #define	BIC_Pkgpc8	(1ULL << 21)
419 #define	BIC_Pkgpc9	(1ULL << 22)
420 #define	BIC_Pkgpc10	(1ULL << 23)
421 #define	BIC_PkgWatt	(1ULL << 24)
422 #define	BIC_CorWatt	(1ULL << 25)
423 #define	BIC_GFXWatt	(1ULL << 26)
424 #define	BIC_PkgCnt	(1ULL << 27)
425 #define	BIC_RAMWatt	(1ULL << 28)
426 #define	BIC_PKG__	(1ULL << 29)
427 #define	BIC_RAM__	(1ULL << 30)
428 #define	BIC_Pkg_J	(1ULL << 31)
429 #define	BIC_Cor_J	(1ULL << 32)
430 #define	BIC_GFX_J	(1ULL << 33)
431 #define	BIC_RAM_J	(1ULL << 34)
432 #define	BIC_Core	(1ULL << 35)
433 #define	BIC_CPU		(1ULL << 36)
434 #define	BIC_Mod_c6	(1ULL << 37)
435 #define	BIC_sysfs	(1ULL << 38)
436 #define	BIC_Totl_c0	(1ULL << 39)
437 #define	BIC_Any_c0	(1ULL << 40)
438 #define	BIC_GFX_c0	(1ULL << 41)
439 #define	BIC_CPUGFX	(1ULL << 42)
440 
441 unsigned long long bic_enabled = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL;
442 unsigned long long bic_present = BIC_sysfs;
443 
444 #define DO_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled & bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
445 #define BIC_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present |= COUNTER_BIT)
446 #define BIC_NOT_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present &= ~COUNTER_BIT)
447 
448 #define MAX_DEFERRED 16
449 char *deferred_skip_names[MAX_DEFERRED];
450 int deferred_skip_index;
451 
452 /*
453  * HIDE_LIST - hide this list of counters, show the rest [default]
454  * SHOW_LIST - show this list of counters, hide the rest
455  */
456 enum show_hide_mode { SHOW_LIST, HIDE_LIST } global_show_hide_mode = HIDE_LIST;
457 
458 void help(void)
459 {
460 	fprintf(outf,
461 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
462 	"\n"
463 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
464 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
465 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
466 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
467 	"--add		add a counter\n"
468 	"		eg. --add msr0x10,u64,cpu,delta,MY_TSC\n"
469 	"--cpu	cpu-set	limit output to summary plus cpu-set:\n"
470 	"		{core | package | j,k,l..m,n-p }\n"
471 	"--quiet	skip decoding system configuration header\n"
472 	"--interval sec	Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
473 	"--help		print this help message\n"
474 	"--list		list column headers only\n"
475 	"--out file	create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
476 	"--version	print version information\n"
477 	"\n"
478 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
479 }
480 
481 /*
482  * bic_lookup
483  * for all the strings in comma separate name_list,
484  * set the approprate bit in return value.
485  */
486 unsigned long long bic_lookup(char *name_list, enum show_hide_mode mode)
487 {
488 	int i;
489 	unsigned long long retval = 0;
490 
491 	while (name_list) {
492 		char *comma;
493 
494 		comma = strchr(name_list, ',');
495 
496 		if (comma)
497 			*comma = '\0';
498 
499 		for (i = 0; i < MAX_BIC; ++i) {
500 			if (!strcmp(name_list, bic[i].name)) {
501 				retval |= (1ULL << i);
502 				break;
503 			}
504 		}
505 		if (i == MAX_BIC) {
506 			if (mode == SHOW_LIST) {
507 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid counter name: %s\n", name_list);
508 				exit(-1);
509 			}
510 			deferred_skip_names[deferred_skip_index++] = name_list;
511 			if (debug)
512 				fprintf(stderr, "deferred \"%s\"\n", name_list);
513 			if (deferred_skip_index >= MAX_DEFERRED) {
514 				fprintf(stderr, "More than max %d un-recognized --skip options '%s'\n",
515 					MAX_DEFERRED, name_list);
516 				help();
517 				exit(1);
518 			}
519 		}
520 
521 		name_list = comma;
522 		if (name_list)
523 			name_list++;
524 
525 	}
526 	return retval;
527 }
528 
529 
530 void print_header(char *delim)
531 {
532 	struct msr_counter *mp;
533 	int printed = 0;
534 
535 	if (debug)
536 		outp += sprintf(outp, "usec %s", delim);
537 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
538 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPackage", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
539 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
540 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCore", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
541 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
542 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
543 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
544 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAvg_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
545 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
546 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBusy%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
547 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz))
548 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBzy_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
549 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
550 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTSC_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
551 
552 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
553 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
554 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s     IRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
555 		else
556 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sIRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
557 	}
558 
559 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
560 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSMI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
561 
562 	for (mp = sys.tp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
563 
564 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
565 			if (mp->width == 64)
566 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
567 			else
568 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
569 		} else {
570 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
571 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
572 			else
573 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
574 		}
575 	}
576 
577 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
578 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c1", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
579 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
580 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
581 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
582 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
583 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
584 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
585 
586 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
587 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sMod%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
588 
589 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
590 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCoreTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
591 
592 	for (mp = sys.cp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
593 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
594 			if (mp->width == 64)
595 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
596 			else
597 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
598 		} else {
599 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
600 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
601 			else
602 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
603 		}
604 	}
605 
606 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
607 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
608 
609 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
610 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%rc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
611 
612 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
613 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXMHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
614 
615 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
616 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTotl%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
617 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
618 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAny%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
619 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
620 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
621 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
622 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPUGFX%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
623 
624 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
625 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc2", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
626 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
627 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
628 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
629 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
630 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
631 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
632 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
633 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc8", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
634 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
635 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc9", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
636 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
637 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPk%%pc10", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
638 
639 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
640 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
641 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
642 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt))
643 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCorWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
644 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
645 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
646 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
647 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAMWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
648 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
649 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
650 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
651 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
652 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
653 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
654 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
655 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J))
656 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCor_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
657 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
658 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
659 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
660 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
661 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
662 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
663 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
664 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
665 	}
666 	for (mp = sys.pp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
667 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
668 			if (mp->width == 64)
669 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
670 			else
671 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
672 		} else {
673 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
674 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
675 			else
676 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
677 		}
678 	}
679 
680 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
681 }
682 
683 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
684 	struct pkg_data *p)
685 {
686 	int i;
687 	struct msr_counter *mp;
688 
689 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
690 
691 	if (t) {
692 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
693 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
694 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
695 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
696 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
697 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
698 
699 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
700 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %lld\n", t->irq_count);
701 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
702 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %d\n", t->smi_count);
703 
704 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
705 			outp += sprintf(outp, "tADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
706 				i, mp->msr_num, t->counter[i]);
707 		}
708 	}
709 
710 	if (c) {
711 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
712 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
713 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
714 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
715 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
716 
717 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
718 			outp += sprintf(outp, "cADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
719 				i, mp->msr_num, c->counter[i]);
720 		}
721 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mc6_us: %016llX\n", c->mc6_us);
722 	}
723 
724 	if (p) {
725 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
726 
727 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
728 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
729 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
730 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
731 
732 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
733 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
734 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
735 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
736 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
737 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
738 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
739 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
740 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
741 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
742 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg);
743 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores);
744 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx);
745 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram);
746 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n",
747 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
748 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n",
749 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
750 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
751 
752 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
753 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
754 				i, mp->msr_num, p->counter[i]);
755 		}
756 	}
757 
758 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
759 
760 	return 0;
761 }
762 
763 /*
764  * column formatting convention & formats
765  */
766 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
767 	struct pkg_data *p)
768 {
769 	double interval_float, tsc;
770 	char *fmt8;
771 	int i;
772 	struct msr_counter *mp;
773 	char *delim = "\t";
774 	int printed = 0;
775 
776 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
777 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
778 		return 0;
779 
780 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
781 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
782 		return 0;
783 
784 	/*if not summary line and --cpu is used */
785 	if ((t != &average.threads) &&
786 		(cpu_subset && !CPU_ISSET_S(t->cpu_id, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset)))
787 		return 0;
788 
789 	if (debug) {
790 		/* on each row, print how many usec each timestamp took to gather */
791 		struct timeval tv;
792 
793 		timersub(&t->tv_end, &t->tv_begin, &tv);
794 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%5ld\t", tv.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv.tv_usec);
795 	}
796 
797 	interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
798 
799 	tsc = t->tsc * tsc_tweak;
800 
801 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
802 	if (t == &average.threads) {
803 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
804 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
805 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
806 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
807 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
808 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
809 	} else {
810 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package)) {
811 			if (p)
812 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->package_id);
813 			else
814 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
815 		}
816 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core)) {
817 			if (c)
818 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_id);
819 			else
820 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
821 		}
822 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
823 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->cpu_id);
824 	}
825 
826 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
827 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
828 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
829 
830 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
831 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->mperf/tsc);
832 
833 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
834 		if (has_base_hz)
835 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
836 		else
837 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
838 				tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
839 	}
840 
841 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
842 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
843 
844 	/* IRQ */
845 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
846 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
847 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
848 		else
849 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
850 	}
851 
852 	/* SMI */
853 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
854 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->smi_count);
855 
856 	/* Added counters */
857 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
858 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
859 			if (mp->width == 32)
860 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) t->counter[i]);
861 			else
862 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
863 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
864 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
865 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
866 			else
867 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
868 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
869 			if (mp->type == COUNTER_USEC)
870 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]/interval_float/10000);
871 			else
872 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->counter[i]/tsc);
873 		}
874 	}
875 
876 	/* C1 */
877 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
878 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->c1/tsc);
879 
880 
881 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
882 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
883 		goto done;
884 
885 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
886 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c3/tsc);
887 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
888 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c6/tsc);
889 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
890 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c7/tsc);
891 
892 	/* Mod%c6 */
893 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
894 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->mc6_us / tsc);
895 
896 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
897 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_temp_c);
898 
899 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
900 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
901 			if (mp->width == 32)
902 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) c->counter[i]);
903 			else
904 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
905 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
906 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
907 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
908 			else
909 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
910 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
911 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->counter[i]/tsc);
912 		}
913 	}
914 
915 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
916 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
917 		goto done;
918 
919 	/* PkgTmp */
920 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
921 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->pkg_temp_c);
922 
923 	/* GFXrc6 */
924 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6)) {
925 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect GFX counter reset */
926 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s**.**", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
927 		} else {
928 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
929 				p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
930 		}
931 	}
932 
933 	/* GFXMHz */
934 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
935 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->gfx_mhz);
936 
937 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
938 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
939 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/tsc);
940 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
941 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/tsc);
942 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
943 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/tsc);
944 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
945 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/tsc);
946 
947 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
948 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc2/tsc);
949 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
950 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc3/tsc);
951 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
952 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc6/tsc);
953 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
954 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc7/tsc);
955 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
956 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc8/tsc);
957 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
958 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc9/tsc);
959 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
960 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc10/tsc);
961 
962 	/*
963  	 * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range,
964  	 * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place.
965  	 */
966 	if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range)
967 		fmt8 = "%s%.2f";
968 	else
969 		fmt8 = "%6.0f**";
970 
971 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
972 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
973 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt))
974 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
975 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
976 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
977 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
978 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
979 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
980 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
981 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J))
982 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
983 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
984 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
985 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
986 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
987 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
988 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
989 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
990 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
991 
992 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
993 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
994 			if (mp->width == 32)
995 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) p->counter[i]);
996 			else
997 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
998 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
999 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1000 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1001 			else
1002 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1003 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1004 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->counter[i]/tsc);
1005 		}
1006 	}
1007 
1008 done:
1009 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
1010 
1011 	return 0;
1012 }
1013 
1014 void flush_output_stdout(void)
1015 {
1016 	FILE *filep;
1017 
1018 	if (outf == stderr)
1019 		filep = stdout;
1020 	else
1021 		filep = outf;
1022 
1023 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
1024 	fflush(filep);
1025 
1026 	outp = output_buffer;
1027 }
1028 void flush_output_stderr(void)
1029 {
1030 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
1031 	fflush(outf);
1032 	outp = output_buffer;
1033 }
1034 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1035 {
1036 	static int printed;
1037 
1038 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
1039 		print_header("\t");
1040 
1041 	if (topo.num_cpus > 1)
1042 		format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores,
1043 			&average.packages);
1044 
1045 	printed = 1;
1046 
1047 	if (summary_only)
1048 		return;
1049 
1050 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
1051 }
1052 
1053 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
1054 	if (new > old) {			\
1055 		old = new - old;		\
1056 	} else {				\
1057 		old = 0x100000000 + new - old;	\
1058 	}
1059 
1060 int
1061 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
1062 {
1063 	int i;
1064 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1065 
1066 
1067 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1068 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1069 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1070 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
1071 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1072 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1073 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1074 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1075 
1076 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
1077 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1078 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
1079 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1080 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
1081 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1082 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
1083 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
1084 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
1085 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
1086 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
1087 
1088 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
1089 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms >  new->gfx_rc6_ms)
1090 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
1091 	else
1092 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
1093 
1094 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
1095 
1096 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg);
1097 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
1098 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
1099 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
1100 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
1101 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
1102 
1103 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1104 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1105 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1106 		else
1107 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1108 	}
1109 
1110 	return 0;
1111 }
1112 
1113 void
1114 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
1115 {
1116 	int i;
1117 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1118 
1119 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
1120 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
1121 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
1122 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
1123 	old->mc6_us = new->mc6_us - old->mc6_us;
1124 
1125 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1126 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1127 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1128 		else
1129 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1130 	}
1131 }
1132 
1133 /*
1134  * old = new - old
1135  */
1136 int
1137 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
1138 	struct core_data *core_delta)
1139 {
1140 	int i;
1141 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1142 
1143 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
1144 
1145 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
1146 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
1147 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
1148 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
1149 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
1150 
1151 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
1152 
1153 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1154 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
1155 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
1156 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
1157 		} else {
1158 			return -1;
1159 		}
1160 	}
1161 
1162 
1163 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1164 		/*
1165 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
1166 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
1167 		 */
1168 	} else {
1169 		/*
1170 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
1171 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
1172 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
1173 		 */
1174 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > (old->tsc * tsc_tweak))
1175 			old->c1 = 0;
1176 		else {
1177 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
1178 			old->c1 = (old->tsc * tsc_tweak) - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
1179 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
1180 		}
1181 	}
1182 
1183 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
1184 		if (debug > 1)
1185 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
1186 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
1187 	}
1188 
1189 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1190 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
1191 
1192 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1193 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
1194 
1195 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1196 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1197 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1198 		else
1199 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1200 	}
1201 	return 0;
1202 }
1203 
1204 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1205 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
1206 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
1207 {
1208 	int retval = 0;
1209 
1210 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
1211 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
1212 		delta_core(c, c2);
1213 
1214 	/* always calculate thread delta */
1215 	retval = delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
1216 	if (retval)
1217 		return retval;
1218 
1219 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
1220 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
1221 		retval = delta_package(p, p2);
1222 
1223 	return retval;
1224 }
1225 
1226 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1227 {
1228 	int i;
1229 	struct msr_counter  *mp;
1230 
1231 	t->tsc = 0;
1232 	t->aperf = 0;
1233 	t->mperf = 0;
1234 	t->c1 = 0;
1235 
1236 	t->irq_count = 0;
1237 	t->smi_count = 0;
1238 
1239 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
1240 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
1241 
1242 	c->c3 = 0;
1243 	c->c6 = 0;
1244 	c->c7 = 0;
1245 	c->mc6_us = 0;
1246 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
1247 
1248 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
1249 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
1250 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1251 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1252 
1253 	p->pc2 = 0;
1254 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1255 		p->pc3 = 0;
1256 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1257 		p->pc6 = 0;
1258 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1259 		p->pc7 = 0;
1260 	p->pc8 = 0;
1261 	p->pc9 = 0;
1262 	p->pc10 = 0;
1263 
1264 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
1265 	p->energy_dram = 0;
1266 	p->energy_cores = 0;
1267 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
1268 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
1269 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
1270 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
1271 
1272 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
1273 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
1274 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1275 		t->counter[i] = 0;
1276 
1277 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1278 		c->counter[i] = 0;
1279 
1280 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1281 		p->counter[i] = 0;
1282 }
1283 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1284 	struct pkg_data *p)
1285 {
1286 	int i;
1287 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1288 
1289 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
1290 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
1291 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
1292 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
1293 
1294 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
1295 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
1296 
1297 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1298 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1299 			continue;
1300 		average.threads.counter[i] += t->counter[i];
1301 	}
1302 
1303 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
1304 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1305 		return 0;
1306 
1307 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
1308 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
1309 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
1310 	average.cores.mc6_us += c->mc6_us;
1311 
1312 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
1313 
1314 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1315 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1316 			continue;
1317 		average.cores.counter[i] += c->counter[i];
1318 	}
1319 
1320 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
1321 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1322 		return 0;
1323 
1324 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1325 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1326 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1327 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
1328 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1329 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1330 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1331 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1332 
1333 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
1334 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1335 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
1336 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1337 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
1338 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1339 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
1340 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
1341 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
1342 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
1343 
1344 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
1345 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
1346 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
1347 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
1348 
1349 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
1350 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
1351 
1352 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
1353 
1354 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1355 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1356 
1357 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1358 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1359 			continue;
1360 		average.packages.counter[i] += p->counter[i];
1361 	}
1362 	return 0;
1363 }
1364 /*
1365  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1366  * compute the weighted average
1367  */
1368 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1369 	struct pkg_data *p)
1370 {
1371 	int i;
1372 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1373 
1374 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1375 
1376 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1377 
1378 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1379 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1380 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1381 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1382 
1383 	if (average.threads.irq_count > 9999999)
1384 		sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1385 
1386 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1387 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1388 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1389 	average.cores.mc6_us /= topo.num_cores;
1390 
1391 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1392 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1393 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1394 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1395 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1396 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1397 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1398 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1399 
1400 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1401 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1402 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1403 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1404 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1405 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1406 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1407 
1408 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1409 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1410 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1411 
1412 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1413 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1414 			continue;
1415 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1416 			if (average.threads.counter[i] > 9999999)
1417 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1418 			continue;
1419 		}
1420 		average.threads.counter[i] /= topo.num_cpus;
1421 	}
1422 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1423 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1424 			continue;
1425 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1426 			if (average.cores.counter[i] > 9999999)
1427 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1428 		}
1429 		average.cores.counter[i] /= topo.num_cores;
1430 	}
1431 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1432 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1433 			continue;
1434 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1435 			if (average.packages.counter[i] > 9999999)
1436 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1437 		}
1438 		average.packages.counter[i] /= topo.num_packages;
1439 	}
1440 }
1441 
1442 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1443 {
1444 	unsigned int low, high;
1445 
1446 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
1447 
1448 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1449 }
1450 
1451 /*
1452  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1453  */
1454 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1455 {
1456 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1457 
1458 	if (!filep)
1459 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1460 	return filep;
1461 }
1462 /*
1463  * snapshot_sysfs_counter()
1464  *
1465  * return snapshot of given counter
1466  */
1467 unsigned long long snapshot_sysfs_counter(char *path)
1468 {
1469 	FILE *fp;
1470 	int retval;
1471 	unsigned long long counter;
1472 
1473 	fp = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1474 
1475 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &counter);
1476 	if (retval != 1)
1477 		err(1, "snapshot_sysfs_counter(%s)", path);
1478 
1479 	fclose(fp);
1480 
1481 	return counter;
1482 }
1483 
1484 int get_mp(int cpu, struct msr_counter *mp, unsigned long long *counterp)
1485 {
1486 	if (mp->msr_num != 0) {
1487 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, counterp))
1488 			return -1;
1489 	} else {
1490 		char path[128];
1491 
1492 		if (mp->flags & SYSFS_PERCPU) {
1493 			sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/%s",
1494 				 cpu, mp->path);
1495 
1496 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(path);
1497 		} else {
1498 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(mp->path);
1499 		}
1500 	}
1501 
1502 	return 0;
1503 }
1504 
1505 /*
1506  * get_counters(...)
1507  * migrate to cpu
1508  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1509  */
1510 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1511 {
1512 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1513 	unsigned long long msr;
1514 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1515 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1516 	int i;
1517 
1518 
1519 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_begin, (struct timezone *)NULL);
1520 
1521 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1522 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1523 		return -1;
1524 	}
1525 
1526 retry:
1527 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1528 
1529 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1530 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1531 
1532 		/*
1533 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
1534 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
1535 		 *
1536 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
1537 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
1538 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
1539 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
1540 		 */
1541 
1542 		/*
1543 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
1544 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
1545 		 */
1546 
1547 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1548 			return -3;
1549 
1550 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
1551 
1552 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
1553 
1554 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1555 			return -3;
1556 
1557 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
1558 
1559 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1560 			return -4;
1561 
1562 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
1563 
1564 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
1565 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
1566 
1567 		/*
1568 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
1569 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
1570 		 */
1571 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
1572 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
1573 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
1574 				goto retry;
1575 			else
1576 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld",
1577 					cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
1578 		}
1579 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1580 
1581 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1582 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1583 	}
1584 
1585 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1586 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
1587 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI)) {
1588 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1589 			return -5;
1590 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1591 	}
1592 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) && use_c1_residency_msr) {
1593 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
1594 			return -6;
1595 	}
1596 
1597 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1598 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &t->counter[i]))
1599 			return -10;
1600 	}
1601 
1602 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
1603 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1604 		goto done;
1605 
1606 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1607 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
1608 			return -6;
1609 	}
1610 
1611 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6) && !do_knl_cstates) {
1612 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1613 			return -7;
1614 	} else if (do_knl_cstates) {
1615 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1616 			return -7;
1617 	}
1618 
1619 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
1620 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
1621 			return -8;
1622 
1623 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
1624 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_MODULE_C6_RES_MS, &c->mc6_us))
1625 			return -8;
1626 
1627 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp)) {
1628 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1629 			return -9;
1630 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1631 	}
1632 
1633 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1634 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &c->counter[i]))
1635 			return -10;
1636 	}
1637 
1638 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
1639 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1640 		goto done;
1641 
1642 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0)) {
1643 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
1644 			return -10;
1645 	}
1646 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0)) {
1647 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
1648 			return -11;
1649 	}
1650 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0)) {
1651 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
1652 			return -12;
1653 	}
1654 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX)) {
1655 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
1656 			return -13;
1657 	}
1658 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1659 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
1660 			return -9;
1661 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6)) {
1662 		if (do_slm_cstates) {
1663 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_ATOM_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1664 				return -10;
1665 		} else {
1666 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1667 				return -10;
1668 		}
1669 	}
1670 
1671 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
1672 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
1673 			return -11;
1674 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1675 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
1676 			return -12;
1677 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
1678 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
1679 			return -13;
1680 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
1681 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
1682 			return -13;
1683 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
1684 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
1685 			return -13;
1686 
1687 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
1688 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1689 			return -13;
1690 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1691 	}
1692 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS) {
1693 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1694 			return -14;
1695 		p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1696 	}
1697 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
1698 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1699 			return -15;
1700 		p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1701 	}
1702 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
1703 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1704 			return -16;
1705 		p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1706 	}
1707 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
1708 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1709 			return -16;
1710 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1711 	}
1712 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
1713 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1714 			return -16;
1715 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1716 	}
1717 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp)) {
1718 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1719 			return -17;
1720 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1721 	}
1722 
1723 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
1724 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
1725 
1726 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
1727 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
1728 
1729 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1730 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &p->counter[i]))
1731 			return -10;
1732 	}
1733 done:
1734 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_end, (struct timezone *)NULL);
1735 
1736 	return 0;
1737 }
1738 
1739 /*
1740  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
1741  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
1742  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
1743  */
1744 
1745 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
1746 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
1747 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
1748 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
1749 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
1750 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
1751 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
1752 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
1753 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
1754 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
1755 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
1756 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
1757 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
1758 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
1759 #define PCLUNL 14 /* Unlimited */
1760 
1761 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
1762 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
1763 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "unlimited"};
1764 
1765 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1766 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1767 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1768 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7};
1769 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1770 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1771 int bxt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1772 int skx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1773 
1774 
1775 static void
1776 calculate_tsc_tweak()
1777 {
1778 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
1779 }
1780 
1781 static void
1782 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
1783 {
1784 	unsigned long long msr;
1785 	unsigned int ratio;
1786 
1787 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
1788 
1789 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1790 
1791 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1792 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
1793 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1794 
1795 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1796 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
1797 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1798 
1799 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
1800 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
1801 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
1802 
1803 	return;
1804 }
1805 
1806 static void
1807 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1808 {
1809 	unsigned long long msr;
1810 	unsigned int ratio;
1811 
1812 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
1813 
1814 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1815 
1816 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1817 	if (ratio)
1818 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
1819 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1820 
1821 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1822 	if (ratio)
1823 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
1824 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1825 	return;
1826 }
1827 
1828 static void
1829 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1830 {
1831 	unsigned long long msr;
1832 	unsigned int ratio;
1833 
1834 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
1835 
1836 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1837 
1838 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1839 	if (ratio)
1840 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
1841 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1842 
1843 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1844 	if (ratio)
1845 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
1846 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1847 
1848 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1849 	if (ratio)
1850 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
1851 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1852 
1853 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1854 	if (ratio)
1855 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
1856 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1857 
1858 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1859 	if (ratio)
1860 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
1861 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1862 
1863 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1864 	if (ratio)
1865 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
1866 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1867 
1868 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1869 	if (ratio)
1870 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
1871 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1872 
1873 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1874 	if (ratio)
1875 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
1876 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1877 	return;
1878 }
1879 int has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(int family, int model)
1880 {
1881 
1882 	if (!genuine_intel)
1883 		return 0;
1884 
1885 	switch (model) {
1886 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
1887 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
1888 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:
1889 		return 1;
1890 	}
1891 	return 0;
1892 }
1893 
1894 static void
1895 dump_turbo_ratio_limits(int family, int model)
1896 {
1897 	unsigned long long msr, core_counts;
1898 	unsigned int ratio, group_size;
1899 
1900 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1901 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1902 
1903 	if (has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(family, model)) {
1904 		get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &core_counts);
1905 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, core_counts);
1906 	} else {
1907 		core_counts = 0x0807060504030201;
1908 	}
1909 
1910 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1911 	group_size = (core_counts >> 56) & 0xFF;
1912 	if (ratio)
1913 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1914 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
1915 
1916 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1917 	group_size = (core_counts >> 48) & 0xFF;
1918 	if (ratio)
1919 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1920 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
1921 
1922 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1923 	group_size = (core_counts >> 40) & 0xFF;
1924 	if (ratio)
1925 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1926 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
1927 
1928 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1929 	group_size = (core_counts >> 32) & 0xFF;
1930 	if (ratio)
1931 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1932 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
1933 
1934 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1935 	group_size = (core_counts >> 24) & 0xFF;
1936 	if (ratio)
1937 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1938 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
1939 
1940 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1941 	group_size = (core_counts >> 16) & 0xFF;
1942 	if (ratio)
1943 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1944 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
1945 
1946 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1947 	group_size = (core_counts >> 8) & 0xFF;
1948 	if (ratio)
1949 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1950 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
1951 
1952 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1953 	group_size = (core_counts >> 0) & 0xFF;
1954 	if (ratio)
1955 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1956 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
1957 	return;
1958 }
1959 
1960 static void
1961 dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1962 {
1963 	unsigned long long msr;
1964 	unsigned int ratio;
1965 
1966 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS, &msr);
1967 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
1968 
1969 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
1970 	if (ratio)
1971 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz minimum operating frequency\n",
1972 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1973 
1974 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
1975 	if (ratio)
1976 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz low frequency mode (LFM)\n",
1977 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1978 
1979 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
1980 	if (ratio)
1981 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
1982 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1983 
1984 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS, &msr);
1985 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
1986 
1987 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0x3F;
1988 	if (ratio)
1989 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
1990 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1991 
1992 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
1993 	if (ratio)
1994 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
1995 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1996 
1997 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
1998 	if (ratio)
1999 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
2000 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2001 
2002 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2003 	if (ratio)
2004 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 1 active core\n",
2005 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2006 }
2007 
2008 static void
2009 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2010 {
2011 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
2012 
2013 	unsigned long long msr;
2014 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
2015 	int i, b_nr;
2016 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
2017 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
2018 
2019 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2020 
2021 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
2022 		base_cpu, msr);
2023 
2024 	/**
2025 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
2026 	 * [0] -- Reserved
2027 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
2028 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
2029 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
2030 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
2031 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
2032 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
2033 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
2034 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
2035 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
2036 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
2037 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
2038 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
2039 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
2040 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
2041 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
2042 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
2043 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
2044 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
2045 	 */
2046 
2047 	b_nr = 0;
2048 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
2049 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2050 
2051 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
2052 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
2053 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
2054 
2055 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
2056 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
2057 		b_nr++;
2058 	}
2059 
2060 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2061 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
2062 			fprintf(outf,
2063 				"%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2064 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
2065 }
2066 
2067 static void
2068 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
2069 {
2070 	unsigned long long msr;
2071 
2072 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
2073 
2074 #define SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 27)
2075 #define SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 28)
2076 
2077 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2078 
2079 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked: pkg-cstate-limit=%d: %s)\n",
2080 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
2081 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
2082 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
2083 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
2084 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
2085 		(unsigned int)msr & 0xF,
2086 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
2087 	return;
2088 }
2089 
2090 static void
2091 dump_config_tdp(void)
2092 {
2093 	unsigned long long msr;
2094 
2095 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
2096 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2097 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
2098 
2099 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
2100 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2101 	if (msr) {
2102 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2103 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2104 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2105 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2106 	}
2107 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2108 
2109 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
2110 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2111 	if (msr) {
2112 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2113 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2114 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2115 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2116 	}
2117 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2118 
2119 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
2120 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2121 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
2122 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
2123 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2124 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2125 
2126 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
2127 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2128 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
2129 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2130 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2131 }
2132 
2133 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = {1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
2134 
2135 void print_irtl(void)
2136 {
2137 	unsigned long long msr;
2138 
2139 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
2140 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2141 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2142 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2143 
2144 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
2145 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2146 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2147 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2148 
2149 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
2150 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2151 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2152 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2153 
2154 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
2155 		return;
2156 
2157 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
2158 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2159 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2160 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2161 
2162 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
2163 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2164 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2165 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2166 
2167 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
2168 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2169 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2170 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2171 
2172 }
2173 void free_fd_percpu(void)
2174 {
2175 	int i;
2176 
2177 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num + 1; ++i) {
2178 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
2179 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
2180 	}
2181 
2182 	free(fd_percpu);
2183 }
2184 
2185 void free_all_buffers(void)
2186 {
2187 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
2188 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
2189 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
2190 
2191 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
2192 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
2193 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
2194 
2195 	free(thread_even);
2196 	free(core_even);
2197 	free(package_even);
2198 
2199 	thread_even = NULL;
2200 	core_even = NULL;
2201 	package_even = NULL;
2202 
2203 	free(thread_odd);
2204 	free(core_odd);
2205 	free(package_odd);
2206 
2207 	thread_odd = NULL;
2208 	core_odd = NULL;
2209 	package_odd = NULL;
2210 
2211 	free(output_buffer);
2212 	output_buffer = NULL;
2213 	outp = NULL;
2214 
2215 	free_fd_percpu();
2216 
2217 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
2218 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
2219 }
2220 
2221 
2222 /*
2223  * Parse a file containing a single int.
2224  */
2225 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
2226 {
2227 	va_list args;
2228 	char path[PATH_MAX];
2229 	FILE *filep;
2230 	int value;
2231 
2232 	va_start(args, fmt);
2233 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
2234 	va_end(args);
2235 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
2236 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
2237 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
2238 	fclose(filep);
2239 	return value;
2240 }
2241 
2242 /*
2243  * get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu)
2244  * return the position of the CPU among its HT siblings in the core
2245  * return -1 if the sibling is not in list
2246  */
2247 int get_cpu_position_in_core(int cpu)
2248 {
2249 	char path[64];
2250 	FILE *filep;
2251 	int this_cpu;
2252 	char character;
2253 	int i;
2254 
2255 	sprintf(path,
2256 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list",
2257 		cpu);
2258 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
2259 	if (filep == NULL) {
2260 		perror(path);
2261 		exit(1);
2262 	}
2263 
2264 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core; i++) {
2265 		fscanf(filep, "%d", &this_cpu);
2266 		if (this_cpu == cpu) {
2267 			fclose(filep);
2268 			return i;
2269 		}
2270 
2271 		/* Account for no separator after last thread*/
2272 		if (i != (topo.num_threads_per_core - 1))
2273 			fscanf(filep, "%c", &character);
2274 	}
2275 
2276 	fclose(filep);
2277 	return -1;
2278 }
2279 
2280 /*
2281  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
2282  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
2283  */
2284 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
2285 {
2286 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
2287 }
2288 
2289 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
2290 {
2291 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
2292 }
2293 
2294 int get_core_id(int cpu)
2295 {
2296 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
2297 }
2298 
2299 int get_num_ht_siblings(int cpu)
2300 {
2301 	char path[80];
2302 	FILE *filep;
2303 	int sib1;
2304 	int matches = 0;
2305 	char character;
2306 	char str[100];
2307 	char *ch;
2308 
2309 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list", cpu);
2310 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
2311 
2312 	/*
2313 	 * file format:
2314 	 * A ',' separated or '-' separated set of numbers
2315 	 * (eg 1-2 or 1,3,4,5)
2316 	 */
2317 	fscanf(filep, "%d%c\n", &sib1, &character);
2318 	fseek(filep, 0, SEEK_SET);
2319 	fgets(str, 100, filep);
2320 	ch = strchr(str, character);
2321 	while (ch != NULL) {
2322 		matches++;
2323 		ch = strchr(ch+1, character);
2324 	}
2325 
2326 	fclose(filep);
2327 	return matches+1;
2328 }
2329 
2330 /*
2331  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
2332  * skip non-present cpus
2333  */
2334 
2335 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2336 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2337 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
2338 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
2339 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
2340 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
2341 {
2342 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
2343 
2344 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
2345 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
2346 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
2347 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
2348 				struct thread_data *t, *t2;
2349 				struct core_data *c, *c2;
2350 				struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
2351 
2352 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
2353 
2354 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
2355 					continue;
2356 
2357 				t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
2358 
2359 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
2360 				c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, pkg_no);
2361 
2362 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
2363 				p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
2364 
2365 				retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
2366 				if (retval)
2367 					return retval;
2368 			}
2369 		}
2370 	}
2371 	return 0;
2372 }
2373 
2374 /*
2375  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
2376  * return max_cpu number
2377  */
2378 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
2379 {
2380 	FILE *fp;
2381 	int cpu_num;
2382 	int retval;
2383 
2384 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
2385 
2386 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
2387 	if (retval != 0)
2388 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
2389 
2390 	while (1) {
2391 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
2392 		if (retval != 1)
2393 			break;
2394 
2395 		retval = func(cpu_num);
2396 		if (retval) {
2397 			fclose(fp);
2398 			return(retval);
2399 		}
2400 	}
2401 	fclose(fp);
2402 	return 0;
2403 }
2404 
2405 void re_initialize(void)
2406 {
2407 	free_all_buffers();
2408 	setup_all_buffers();
2409 	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
2410 }
2411 
2412 
2413 /*
2414  * count_cpus()
2415  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
2416  */
2417 int count_cpus(int cpu)
2418 {
2419 	if (topo.max_cpu_num < cpu)
2420 		topo.max_cpu_num = cpu;
2421 
2422 	topo.num_cpus += 1;
2423 	return 0;
2424 }
2425 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
2426 {
2427 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
2428 	return 0;
2429 }
2430 
2431 /*
2432  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
2433  *
2434  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
2435  *
2436  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2437  */
2438 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
2439 {
2440 	static FILE *fp;
2441 	int column, retval;
2442 
2443 	if (fp == NULL)
2444 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
2445 	else
2446 		rewind(fp);
2447 
2448 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
2449 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2450 		int cpu_number;
2451 
2452 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
2453 		if (retval != 1)
2454 			break;
2455 
2456 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
2457 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
2458 			return 1;
2459 		}
2460 
2461 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
2462 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
2463 	}
2464 
2465 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
2466 	while (1) {
2467 		int column;
2468 		char buf[64];
2469 
2470 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
2471 		if (retval != 1)
2472 			break;
2473 
2474 		/* read the count per cpu */
2475 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2476 
2477 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
2478 
2479 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
2480 			if (retval != 1)
2481 				break;
2482 
2483 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
2484 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
2485 
2486 		}
2487 
2488 		while (getc(fp) != '\n')
2489 			;	/* flush interrupt description */
2490 
2491 	}
2492 	return 0;
2493 }
2494 /*
2495  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
2496  *
2497  * record snapshot of
2498  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
2499  *
2500  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2501  */
2502 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
2503 {
2504 	FILE *fp;
2505 	int retval;
2506 
2507 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
2508 
2509 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
2510 	if (retval != 1)
2511 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
2512 
2513 	fclose(fp);
2514 
2515 	return 0;
2516 }
2517 /*
2518  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
2519  *
2520  * record snapshot of
2521  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
2522  *
2523  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2524  */
2525 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
2526 {
2527 	static FILE *fp;
2528 	int retval;
2529 
2530 	if (fp == NULL)
2531 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
2532 	else {
2533 		rewind(fp);
2534 		fflush(fp);
2535 	}
2536 
2537 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
2538 	if (retval != 1)
2539 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
2540 
2541 	return 0;
2542 }
2543 
2544 /*
2545  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
2546  *
2547  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
2548  */
2549 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
2550 {
2551 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
2552 		if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
2553 			return 1;
2554 
2555 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
2556 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
2557 
2558 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
2559 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
2560 
2561 	return 0;
2562 }
2563 
2564 void turbostat_loop()
2565 {
2566 	int retval;
2567 	int restarted = 0;
2568 
2569 restart:
2570 	restarted++;
2571 
2572 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
2573 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2574 	if (retval < -1) {
2575 		exit(retval);
2576 	} else if (retval == -1) {
2577 		if (restarted > 1) {
2578 			exit(retval);
2579 		}
2580 		re_initialize();
2581 		goto restart;
2582 	}
2583 	restarted = 0;
2584 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2585 
2586 	while (1) {
2587 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
2588 			re_initialize();
2589 			goto restart;
2590 		}
2591 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2592 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2593 			goto restart;
2594 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
2595 		if (retval < -1) {
2596 			exit(retval);
2597 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2598 			re_initialize();
2599 			goto restart;
2600 		}
2601 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2602 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
2603 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) {
2604 			re_initialize();
2605 			goto restart;
2606 		}
2607 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2608 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2609 		flush_output_stdout();
2610 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2611 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2612 			goto restart;
2613 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2614 		if (retval < -1) {
2615 			exit(retval);
2616 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2617 			re_initialize();
2618 			goto restart;
2619 		}
2620 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2621 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
2622 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) {
2623 			re_initialize();
2624 			goto restart;
2625 		}
2626 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
2627 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
2628 		flush_output_stdout();
2629 	}
2630 }
2631 
2632 void check_dev_msr()
2633 {
2634 	struct stat sb;
2635 	char pathname[32];
2636 
2637 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2638 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
2639  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
2640 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
2641 }
2642 
2643 void check_permissions()
2644 {
2645 	struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_header_data;
2646 	cap_user_header_t cap_header = &cap_header_data;
2647 	struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data_data;
2648 	cap_user_data_t cap_data = &cap_data_data;
2649 	extern int capget(cap_user_header_t hdrp, cap_user_data_t datap);
2650 	int do_exit = 0;
2651 	char pathname[32];
2652 
2653 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
2654 	cap_header->pid = getpid();
2655 	cap_header->version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION;
2656 	if (capget(cap_header, cap_data) < 0)
2657 		err(-6, "capget(2) failed");
2658 
2659 	if ((cap_data->effective & (1 << CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) == 0) {
2660 		do_exit++;
2661 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
2662 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
2663 	}
2664 
2665 	/* test file permissions */
2666 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2667 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
2668 		do_exit++;
2669 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
2670 	}
2671 
2672 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
2673 	if (do_exit)
2674 		if (getuid() != 0)
2675 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
2676 
2677 	if (do_exit)
2678 		exit(-6);
2679 }
2680 
2681 /*
2682  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
2683  *
2684  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
2685  *
2686  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
2687  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL     0x000000e2
2688  *
2689  * MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT               0x000001aa
2690  *
2691  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
2692  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
2693  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
2694  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
2695  *
2696  * Side effect:
2697  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL
2698  * sets has_misc_feature_control
2699  */
2700 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2701 {
2702 	unsigned long long msr;
2703 	unsigned int base_ratio;
2704 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
2705 
2706 	if (!genuine_intel)
2707 		return 0;
2708 
2709 	if (family != 6)
2710 		return 0;
2711 
2712 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
2713 
2714 	switch (model) {
2715 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EP:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
2716 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
2717 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
2718 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
2719 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EP:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
2720 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2721 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2722 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
2723 		break;
2724 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:	/* SNB */
2725 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:	/* SNB Xeon */
2726 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
2727 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
2728 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
2729 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
2730 		break;
2731 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
2732 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2733 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
2734 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
2735 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
2736 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
2737 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2738 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2739 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
2740 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
2741 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
2742 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
2743 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
2744 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
2745 		break;
2746 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
2747 		pkg_cstate_limits = skx_pkg_cstate_limits;
2748 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
2749 		break;
2750 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
2751 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
2752 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
2753 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
2754 		break;
2755 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT:	/* AMT */
2756 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2757 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
2758 		break;
2759 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI */
2760 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2761 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
2762 		break;
2763 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
2764 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
2765 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
2766 		pkg_cstate_limits = bxt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2767 		break;
2768 	default:
2769 		return 0;
2770 	}
2771 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
2772 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
2773 
2774 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2775 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2776 
2777 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
2778 	has_base_hz = 1;
2779 	return 1;
2780 }
2781 /*
2782  * SLV client has support for unique MSRs:
2783  *
2784  * MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
2785  * MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
2786  */
2787 
2788 int has_slv_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2789 {
2790 	if (!genuine_intel)
2791 		return 0;
2792 
2793 	switch (model) {
2794 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:
2795 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_MERRIFIELD:
2796 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_MOOREFIELD:
2797 		return 1;
2798 	}
2799 	return 0;
2800 }
2801 int is_dnv(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2802 {
2803 
2804 	if (!genuine_intel)
2805 		return 0;
2806 
2807 	switch (model) {
2808 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:
2809 		return 1;
2810 	}
2811 	return 0;
2812 }
2813 int is_bdx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2814 {
2815 
2816 	if (!genuine_intel)
2817 		return 0;
2818 
2819 	switch (model) {
2820 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:
2821 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:
2822 		return 1;
2823 	}
2824 	return 0;
2825 }
2826 int is_skx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2827 {
2828 
2829 	if (!genuine_intel)
2830 		return 0;
2831 
2832 	switch (model) {
2833 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
2834 		return 1;
2835 	}
2836 	return 0;
2837 }
2838 
2839 int has_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2840 {
2841 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
2842 		return 0;
2843 
2844 	switch (model) {
2845 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
2846 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2847 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2848 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
2849 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2850 		return 0;
2851 	default:
2852 		return 1;
2853 	}
2854 }
2855 int has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2856 {
2857 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
2858 		return 1;
2859 
2860 	return 0;
2861 }
2862 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2863 {
2864 	if (!genuine_intel)
2865 		return 0;
2866 
2867 	if (family != 6)
2868 		return 0;
2869 
2870 	switch (model) {
2871 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
2872 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
2873 		return 1;
2874 	default:
2875 		return 0;
2876 	}
2877 }
2878 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2879 {
2880 	if (!genuine_intel)
2881 		return 0;
2882 
2883 	if (family != 6)
2884 		return 0;
2885 
2886 	switch (model) {
2887 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
2888 		return 1;
2889 	default:
2890 		return 0;
2891 	}
2892 }
2893 
2894 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2895 {
2896 	if (!genuine_intel)
2897 		return 0;
2898 
2899 	if (family != 6)
2900 		return 0;
2901 
2902 	switch (model) {
2903 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
2904 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2905 		return 1;
2906 	default:
2907 		return 0;
2908 	}
2909 }
2910 int has_glm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2911 {
2912 	if (!genuine_intel)
2913 		return 0;
2914 
2915 	if (family != 6)
2916 		return 0;
2917 
2918 	switch (model) {
2919 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
2920 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
2921 		return 1;
2922 	default:
2923 		return 0;
2924 	}
2925 }
2926 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2927 {
2928 	if (!genuine_intel)
2929 		return 0;
2930 
2931 	if (family != 6)
2932 		return 0;
2933 
2934 	switch (model) {
2935 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
2936 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
2937 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2938 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
2939 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
2940 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
2941 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
2942 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2943 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2944 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
2945 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
2946 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
2947 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
2948 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
2949 
2950 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
2951 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2952 		return 1;
2953 	default:
2954 		return 0;
2955 	}
2956 }
2957 
2958 static void
2959 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2960 {
2961 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
2962 		return;
2963 
2964 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
2965 
2966 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2967 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
2968 
2969 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2970 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
2971 
2972 	if (has_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2973 		dump_turbo_ratio_limits(family, model);
2974 
2975 	if (has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2976 		dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits();
2977 
2978 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2979 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
2980 
2981 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
2982 		dump_config_tdp();
2983 
2984 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
2985 }
2986 
2987 static void
2988 dump_sysfs_cstate_config(void)
2989 {
2990 	char path[64];
2991 	char name_buf[16];
2992 	char desc[64];
2993 	FILE *input;
2994 	int state;
2995 	char *sp;
2996 
2997 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_sysfs))
2998 		return;
2999 
3000 	for (state = 0; state < 10; ++state) {
3001 
3002 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
3003 			base_cpu, state);
3004 		input = fopen(path, "r");
3005 		if (input == NULL)
3006 			continue;
3007 		fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input);
3008 
3009 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
3010 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
3011 		if (!sp)
3012 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
3013 		*sp = '\0';
3014 
3015 		fclose(input);
3016 
3017 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/desc",
3018 			base_cpu, state);
3019 		input = fopen(path, "r");
3020 		if (input == NULL)
3021 			continue;
3022 		fgets(desc, sizeof(desc), input);
3023 
3024 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %s", base_cpu, name_buf, desc);
3025 		fclose(input);
3026 	}
3027 }
3028 static void
3029 dump_sysfs_pstate_config(void)
3030 {
3031 	char path[64];
3032 	char driver_buf[64];
3033 	char governor_buf[64];
3034 	FILE *input;
3035 	int turbo;
3036 
3037 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_driver",
3038 			base_cpu);
3039 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3040 	if (input == NULL) {
3041 		fprintf(stderr, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3042 		return;
3043 	}
3044 	fgets(driver_buf, sizeof(driver_buf), input);
3045 	fclose(input);
3046 
3047 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_governor",
3048 			base_cpu);
3049 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3050 	if (input == NULL) {
3051 		fprintf(stderr, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3052 		return;
3053 	}
3054 	fgets(governor_buf, sizeof(governor_buf), input);
3055 	fclose(input);
3056 
3057 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq driver: %s", base_cpu, driver_buf);
3058 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq governor: %s", base_cpu, governor_buf);
3059 
3060 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/boost");
3061 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3062 	if (input != NULL) {
3063 		fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo);
3064 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq boost: %d\n", turbo);
3065 		fclose(input);
3066 	}
3067 
3068 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo");
3069 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3070 	if (input != NULL) {
3071 		fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo);
3072 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq intel_pstate no_turbo: %d\n", turbo);
3073 		fclose(input);
3074 	}
3075 }
3076 
3077 
3078 /*
3079  * print_epb()
3080  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
3081  */
3082 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3083 {
3084 	unsigned long long msr;
3085 	char *epb_string;
3086 	int cpu;
3087 
3088 	if (!has_epb)
3089 		return 0;
3090 
3091 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3092 
3093 	/* EPB is per-package */
3094 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3095 		return 0;
3096 
3097 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3098 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3099 		return -1;
3100 	}
3101 
3102 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr))
3103 		return 0;
3104 
3105 	switch (msr & 0xF) {
3106 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
3107 		epb_string = "performance";
3108 		break;
3109 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
3110 		epb_string = "balanced";
3111 		break;
3112 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
3113 		epb_string = "powersave";
3114 		break;
3115 	default:
3116 		epb_string = "custom";
3117 		break;
3118 	}
3119 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x%08llx (%s)\n", cpu, msr, epb_string);
3120 
3121 	return 0;
3122 }
3123 /*
3124  * print_hwp()
3125  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
3126  */
3127 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3128 {
3129 	unsigned long long msr;
3130 	int cpu;
3131 
3132 	if (!has_hwp)
3133 		return 0;
3134 
3135 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3136 
3137 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
3138 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3139 		return 0;
3140 
3141 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3142 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3143 		return -1;
3144 	}
3145 
3146 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
3147 		return 0;
3148 
3149 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
3150 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
3151 
3152 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
3153 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
3154 		return 0;
3155 
3156 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
3157 		return 0;
3158 
3159 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
3160 			"(high %d guar %d eff %d low %d)\n",
3161 			cpu, msr,
3162 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
3163 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
3164 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
3165 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
3166 
3167 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
3168 		return 0;
3169 
3170 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
3171 			"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
3172 			cpu, msr,
3173 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
3174 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
3175 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
3176 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
3177 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
3178 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
3179 
3180 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
3181 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
3182 			return 0;
3183 
3184 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
3185 			"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
3186 			cpu, msr,
3187 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
3188 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
3189 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
3190 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
3191 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
3192 	}
3193 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
3194 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3195 			return 0;
3196 
3197 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
3198 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
3199 			cpu, msr,
3200 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
3201 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
3202 	}
3203 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
3204 		return 0;
3205 
3206 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
3207 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
3208 			cpu, msr,
3209 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
3210 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
3211 
3212 	return 0;
3213 }
3214 
3215 /*
3216  * print_perf_limit()
3217  */
3218 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3219 {
3220 	unsigned long long msr;
3221 	int cpu;
3222 
3223 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3224 
3225 	/* per-package */
3226 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3227 		return 0;
3228 
3229 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3230 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3231 		return -1;
3232 	}
3233 
3234 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
3235 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
3236 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
3237 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
3238 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
3239 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
3240 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
3241 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
3242 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
3243 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3244 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
3245 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
3246 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3247 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
3248 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3249 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
3250 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3251 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
3252 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
3253 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
3254 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
3255 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
3256 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
3257 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
3258 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3259 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
3260 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
3261 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3262 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
3263 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3264 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
3265 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3266 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
3267 
3268 	}
3269 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
3270 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
3271 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
3272 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
3273 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3274 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3275 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3276 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3277 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
3278 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
3279 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3280 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3281 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
3282 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3283 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3284 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3285 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3286 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
3287 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
3288 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3289 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3290 	}
3291 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
3292 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
3293 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
3294 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
3295 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3296 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3297 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3298 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
3299 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3300 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3301 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
3302 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3303 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3304 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3305 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
3306 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3307 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3308 	}
3309 	return 0;
3310 }
3311 
3312 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
3313 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
3314 
3315 double get_tdp(unsigned int model)
3316 {
3317 	unsigned long long msr;
3318 
3319 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
3320 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3321 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
3322 
3323 	switch (model) {
3324 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:
3325 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:
3326 		return 30.0;
3327 	default:
3328 		return 135.0;
3329 	}
3330 }
3331 
3332 /*
3333  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
3334  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
3335  */
3336 static double
3337 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
3338 {
3339 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
3340 
3341 	switch (model) {
3342 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3343 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3344 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3345 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3346 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3347 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
3348 	default:
3349 		return (rapl_energy_units);
3350 	}
3351 }
3352 
3353 
3354 /*
3355  * rapl_probe()
3356  *
3357  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
3358  */
3359 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3360 {
3361 	unsigned long long msr;
3362 	unsigned int time_unit;
3363 	double tdp;
3364 
3365 	if (!genuine_intel)
3366 		return;
3367 
3368 	if (family != 6)
3369 		return;
3370 
3371 	switch (model) {
3372 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
3373 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:
3374 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3375 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3376 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3377 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3378 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
3379 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3380 		if (rapl_joules) {
3381 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3382 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3383 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
3384 		} else {
3385 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3386 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3387 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
3388 		}
3389 		break;
3390 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3391 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
3392 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3393 		if (rapl_joules)
3394 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3395 		else
3396 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3397 		break;
3398 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3399 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3400 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3401 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3402 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3403 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3404 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3405 		if (rapl_joules) {
3406 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3407 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3408 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3409 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
3410 		} else {
3411 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3412 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3413 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3414 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
3415 		}
3416 		break;
3417 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3418 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3419 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3420 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3421 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3422 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3423 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3424 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3425 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3426 		if (rapl_joules) {
3427 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3428 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3429 		} else {
3430 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3431 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3432 		}
3433 		break;
3434 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
3435 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:
3436 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3437 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3438 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3439 		if (rapl_joules) {
3440 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3441 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3442 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3443 		} else {
3444 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3445 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3446 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3447 		}
3448 		break;
3449 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
3450 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
3451 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
3452 		if (rapl_joules) {
3453 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3454 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3455 		} else {
3456 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3457 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3458 		}
3459 		break;
3460 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3461 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
3462 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3463 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3464 		if (rapl_joules) {
3465 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3466 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3467 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3468 		} else {
3469 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3470 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3471 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3472 		}
3473 		break;
3474 	default:
3475 		return;
3476 	}
3477 
3478 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
3479 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
3480 		return;
3481 
3482 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
3483 	if (model == INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1)
3484 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
3485 	else
3486 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
3487 
3488 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
3489 
3490 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
3491 	if (time_unit == 0)
3492 		time_unit = 0xA;
3493 
3494 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
3495 
3496 	tdp = get_tdp(model);
3497 
3498 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
3499 	if (!quiet)
3500 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
3501 
3502 	return;
3503 }
3504 
3505 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3506 {
3507 	if (!genuine_intel)
3508 		return;
3509 
3510 	if (family != 6)
3511 		return;
3512 
3513 	switch (model) {
3514 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3515 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3516 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3517 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3518 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3519 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3520 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3521 	default:
3522 		return;
3523 	}
3524 }
3525 
3526 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3527 {
3528 	unsigned long long msr;
3529 	unsigned int dts, dts2;
3530 	int cpu;
3531 
3532 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3533 		return 0;
3534 
3535 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3536 
3537 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
3538 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
3539 		return 0;
3540 
3541 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3542 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3543 		return -1;
3544 	}
3545 
3546 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
3547 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
3548 			return 0;
3549 
3550 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3551 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3552 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
3553 
3554 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3555 			return 0;
3556 
3557 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3558 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
3559 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
3560 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
3561 	}
3562 
3563 
3564 	if (do_dts && debug) {
3565 		unsigned int resolution;
3566 
3567 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
3568 			return 0;
3569 
3570 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3571 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
3572 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
3573 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
3574 
3575 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3576 			return 0;
3577 
3578 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3579 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
3580 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
3581 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
3582 	}
3583 
3584 	return 0;
3585 }
3586 
3587 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
3588 {
3589 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
3590 		cpu, label,
3591 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3592 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
3593 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
3594 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
3595 
3596 	return;
3597 }
3598 
3599 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3600 {
3601 	unsigned long long msr;
3602 	int cpu;
3603 
3604 	if (!do_rapl)
3605 		return 0;
3606 
3607 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
3608 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3609 		return 0;
3610 
3611 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3612 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3613 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3614 		return -1;
3615 	}
3616 
3617 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
3618 		return -1;
3619 
3620 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x%08llx (%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr,
3621 		rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
3622 
3623 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
3624 
3625 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3626                 	return -5;
3627 
3628 
3629 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
3630 			cpu, msr,
3631 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3632 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3633 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3634 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
3635 
3636 	}
3637 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
3638 
3639 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3640 			return -9;
3641 
3642 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3643 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
3644 
3645 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
3646 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
3647 			cpu,
3648 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3649 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
3650 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
3651 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3652 	}
3653 
3654 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
3655 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3656                 	return -6;
3657 
3658 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
3659 			cpu, msr,
3660 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3661 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3662 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3663 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
3664 	}
3665 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
3666 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3667 			return -9;
3668 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3669 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
3670 
3671 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
3672 	}
3673 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
3674 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
3675 			return -7;
3676 
3677 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
3678 	}
3679 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT) {
3680 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3681 			return -9;
3682 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3683 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
3684 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
3685 	}
3686 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
3687 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
3688 			return -8;
3689 
3690 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
3691 
3692 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3693 			return -9;
3694 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3695 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
3696 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
3697 	}
3698 	return 0;
3699 }
3700 
3701 /*
3702  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
3703  *
3704  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
3705  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
3706  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
3707  */
3708 
3709 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3710 {
3711 	if (!genuine_intel)
3712 		return 0;
3713 
3714 	switch (model) {
3715 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
3716 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
3717 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3718 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3719 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3720 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW */
3721 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3722 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3723 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3724 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
3725 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3726 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3727 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3728 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3729 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3730 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3731 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3732 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3733 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
3734 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3735 		return 1;
3736 	}
3737 	return 0;
3738 }
3739 
3740 /*
3741  * HSW adds support for additional MSRs:
3742  *
3743  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
3744  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
3745  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
3746  *
3747  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
3748  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
3749  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
3750  *
3751  */
3752 int has_hsw_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3753 {
3754 	if (!genuine_intel)
3755 		return 0;
3756 
3757 	switch (model) {
3758 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3759 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3760 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3761 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3762 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3763 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3764 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3765 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
3766 		return 1;
3767 	}
3768 	return 0;
3769 }
3770 
3771 /*
3772  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
3773  *
3774  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
3775  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
3776  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
3777  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
3778  */
3779 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3780 {
3781 	if (!genuine_intel)
3782 		return 0;
3783 
3784 	switch (model) {
3785 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3786 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3787 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3788 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3789 		return 1;
3790 	}
3791 	return 0;
3792 }
3793 
3794 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3795 {
3796 	if (!genuine_intel)
3797 		return 0;
3798 	switch (model) {
3799 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
3800 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
3801 		return 1;
3802 	}
3803 	return 0;
3804 }
3805 
3806 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3807 {
3808 	if (!genuine_intel)
3809 		return 0;
3810 	switch (model) {
3811 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3812 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3813 		return 1;
3814 	}
3815 	return 0;
3816 }
3817 
3818 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3819 {
3820 	if (is_knl(family, model))
3821 		return 1024;
3822 	return 1;
3823 }
3824 
3825 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
3826 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
3827 
3828 double slm_bclk(void)
3829 {
3830 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
3831 	unsigned int i;
3832 	double freq;
3833 
3834 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
3835 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
3836 
3837 	i = msr & 0xf;
3838 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
3839 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
3840 		i = 3;
3841 	}
3842 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
3843 
3844 	if (!quiet)
3845 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
3846 
3847 	return freq;
3848 }
3849 
3850 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3851 {
3852 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
3853 		return 100.00;
3854 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
3855 		return slm_bclk();
3856 	else
3857 		return 133.33;
3858 }
3859 
3860 /*
3861  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
3862  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
3863  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
3864  *
3865  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
3866  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
3867  *
3868  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
3869  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
3870  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
3871  */
3872 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3873 {
3874 	unsigned long long msr;
3875 	unsigned int target_c_local;
3876 	int cpu;
3877 
3878 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
3879 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3880 		return 0;
3881 
3882 	/* this is a per-package concept */
3883 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3884 		return 0;
3885 
3886 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3887 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3888 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3889 		return -1;
3890 	}
3891 
3892 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
3893 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
3894 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n",
3895 			cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3896 		return 0;
3897 	}
3898 
3899 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
3900 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3901 		goto guess;
3902 
3903 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
3904 		goto guess;
3905 
3906 	target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
3907 
3908 	if (!quiet)
3909 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3910 			cpu, msr, target_c_local);
3911 
3912 	if (!target_c_local)
3913 		goto guess;
3914 
3915 	tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local;
3916 
3917 	return 0;
3918 
3919 guess:
3920 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
3921 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n",
3922 		cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3923 
3924 	return 0;
3925 }
3926 
3927 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
3928 {
3929 	unsigned long long msr;
3930 
3931 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
3932 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
3933 			base_cpu, msr,
3934 			msr & FEATURE_CONTROL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-",
3935 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
3936 }
3937 
3938 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
3939 {
3940 	unsigned long long msr;
3941 
3942 	if (!genuine_intel)
3943 		return;
3944 
3945 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
3946 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sTCC %sEIST %sMWAIT %sPREFETCH %sTURBO)\n",
3947 			base_cpu, msr,
3948 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TM1 ? "" : "No-",
3949 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP ? "" : "No-",
3950 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_MWAIT ? "No-" : "",
3951 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_PREFETCH_DISABLE ? "No-" : "",
3952 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TURBO_DISABLE ? "No-" : "");
3953 }
3954 
3955 void decode_misc_feature_control(void)
3956 {
3957 	unsigned long long msr;
3958 
3959 	if (!has_misc_feature_control)
3960 		return;
3961 
3962 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
3963 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sL2-Prefetch %sL2-Prefetch-pair %sL1-Prefetch %sL1-IP-Prefetch)\n",
3964 			base_cpu, msr,
3965 			msr & (0 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
3966 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
3967 			msr & (2 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
3968 			msr & (3 << 0) ? "No-" : "");
3969 }
3970 /*
3971  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
3972  *
3973  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
3974  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
3975  * bit[1] less so...
3976  */
3977 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
3978 {
3979 	unsigned long long msr;
3980 
3981 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3982 		return;
3983 
3984 	if (no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT)
3985 		return;
3986 
3987 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
3988 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB %sable-OOB)\n",
3989 			base_cpu, msr,
3990 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
3991 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3992 			msr & (1 << 8) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3993 }
3994 /*
3995  * Decode MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3996  *
3997  * This MSRs are present on Silvermont processors,
3998  * Intel Atom processor E3000 series (Baytrail), and friends.
3999  */
4000 void decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr(void)
4001 {
4002 	unsigned long long msr;
4003 
4004 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
4005 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-CC6-Demotion)\n",
4006 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4007 
4008 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
4009 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-MC6-Demotion)\n",
4010 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4011 }
4012 
4013 void process_cpuid()
4014 {
4015 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level, max_extended_level;
4016 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping;
4017 	unsigned int has_turbo;
4018 
4019 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
4020 
4021 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
4022 
4023 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && edx == 0x49656e69 && ecx == 0x6c65746e)
4024 		genuine_intel = 1;
4025 
4026 	if (!quiet)
4027 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
4028 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
4029 
4030 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
4031 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
4032 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
4033 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
4034 	if (family == 6 || family == 0xf)
4035 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
4036 
4037 	if (!quiet) {
4038 		fprintf(outf, "%d CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
4039 			max_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
4040 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
4041 			ecx & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
4042 			ecx & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
4043 			ecx & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
4044 			ecx & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
4045 			ecx & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
4046 			edx & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
4047 			edx & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
4048 			edx & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
4049 			edx & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
4050 	}
4051 
4052 	if (!(edx & (1 << 5)))
4053 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
4054 
4055 	/*
4056 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
4057 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
4058 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
4059 	 */
4060 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
4061 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
4062 
4063 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
4064 
4065 		/*
4066 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
4067 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
4068 		 */
4069 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4070 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
4071 	}
4072 
4073 	/*
4074 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
4075 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
4076 	 */
4077 
4078 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4079 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
4080 	if (has_aperf) {
4081 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Avg_MHz);
4082 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Busy);
4083 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Bzy_MHz);
4084 	}
4085 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
4086 	if (do_dts)
4087 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CoreTmp);
4088 	has_turbo = eax & (1 << 1);
4089 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
4090 	if (do_ptm)
4091 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgTmp);
4092 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
4093 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
4094 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
4095 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
4096 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
4097 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
4098 
4099 	if (!quiet)
4100 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sTURBO, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
4101 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
4102 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
4103 			has_turbo ? "" : "No-",
4104 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
4105 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
4106 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
4107 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
4108 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
4109 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
4110 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
4111 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
4112 
4113 	if (!quiet)
4114 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
4115 
4116 
4117 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && !quiet) {
4118 		int has_sgx;
4119 
4120 		ecx = 0;
4121 
4122 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4123 
4124 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
4125 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
4126 
4127 		if (has_sgx)
4128 			decode_feature_control_msr();
4129 	}
4130 
4131 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
4132 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
4133 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
4134 
4135 		/*
4136 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
4137 		 */
4138 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
4139 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
4140 
4141 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
4142 
4143 			if (!quiet && (ebx != 0))
4144 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
4145 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
4146 
4147 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
4148 				switch(model) {
4149 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
4150 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
4151 				case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
4152 				case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
4153 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
4154 					break;
4155 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4156 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
4157 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
4158 					break;
4159 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4160 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GEMINI_LAKE:
4161 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
4162 					break;
4163 				default:
4164 					crystal_hz = 0;
4165 			}
4166 
4167 			if (crystal_hz) {
4168 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
4169 				if (!quiet)
4170 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
4171 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
4172 			}
4173 		}
4174 	}
4175 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
4176 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
4177 
4178 		/*
4179 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
4180 		 */
4181 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
4182 
4183 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
4184 		if (!quiet)
4185 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
4186 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
4187 	}
4188 
4189 	if (has_aperf)
4190 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
4191 
4192 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IRQ);
4193 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_TSC_MHz);
4194 
4195 	if (probe_nhm_msrs(family, model)) {
4196 		do_nhm_platform_info = 1;
4197 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
4198 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
4199 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c6);
4200 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SMI);
4201 	}
4202 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
4203 
4204 	if (do_snb_cstates)
4205 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4206 
4207 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
4208 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2))
4209 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
4210 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3)
4211 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4212 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6)
4213 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
4214 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7))
4215 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4216 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model)) {
4217 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
4218 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4219 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
4220 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4221 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Mod_c6);
4222 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
4223 	}
4224 	if (is_dnv(family, model)) {
4225 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
4226 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
4227 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4228 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4229 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4230 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
4231 	}
4232 	if (is_skx(family, model)) {
4233 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
4234 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4235 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4236 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4237 	}
4238 	if (is_bdx(family, model)) {
4239 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4240 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4241 	}
4242 	if (has_hsw_msrs(family, model)) {
4243 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc8);
4244 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc9);
4245 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc10);
4246 	}
4247 	do_irtl_hsw = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
4248 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model)) {
4249 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Totl_c0);
4250 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Any_c0);
4251 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_c0);
4252 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPUGFX);
4253 	}
4254 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
4255 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
4256 
4257 	if (!quiet)
4258 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
4259 
4260 	if (!quiet && has_slv_msrs(family, model))
4261 		decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr();
4262 
4263 	rapl_probe(family, model);
4264 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
4265 
4266 	if (!quiet)
4267 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
4268 
4269 	if (!quiet)
4270 		dump_sysfs_cstate_config();
4271 	if (!quiet)
4272 		dump_sysfs_pstate_config();
4273 
4274 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
4275 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
4276 
4277 	if (!access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK))
4278 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_rc6);
4279 
4280 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK))
4281 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXMHz);
4282 
4283 	if (!quiet)
4284 		decode_misc_feature_control();
4285 
4286 	return;
4287 }
4288 
4289 
4290 /*
4291  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
4292  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
4293  */
4294 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
4295 {
4296 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
4297 		return 1;
4298 	else
4299 		return 0;
4300 }
4301 
4302 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
4303 {
4304 	return 0;
4305 }
4306 
4307 void topology_probe()
4308 {
4309 	int i;
4310 	int max_core_id = 0;
4311 	int max_package_id = 0;
4312 	int max_siblings = 0;
4313 	struct cpu_topology {
4314 		int core_id;
4315 		int physical_package_id;
4316 	} *cpus;
4317 
4318 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
4319 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
4320 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
4321 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
4322 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
4323 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU);
4324 
4325 	if (debug > 1)
4326 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
4327 
4328 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
4329 	if (cpus == NULL)
4330 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
4331 
4332 	/*
4333 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
4334 	 */
4335 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
4336 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
4337 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
4338 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
4339 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
4340 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
4341 
4342 	/*
4343 	 * Validate that all cpus in cpu_subset are also in cpu_present_set
4344 	 */
4345 	for (i = 0; i < CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS; ++i) {
4346 		if (CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset))
4347 			if (!CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set))
4348 				err(1, "cpu%d not present", i);
4349 	}
4350 
4351 	/*
4352 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
4353 	 */
4354 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
4355 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
4356 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
4357 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
4358 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
4359 
4360 
4361 	/*
4362 	 * For online cpus
4363 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
4364 	 */
4365 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
4366 		int siblings;
4367 
4368 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
4369 			if (debug > 1)
4370 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
4371 			continue;
4372 		}
4373 		cpus[i].core_id = get_core_id(i);
4374 		if (cpus[i].core_id > max_core_id)
4375 			max_core_id = cpus[i].core_id;
4376 
4377 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
4378 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
4379 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
4380 
4381 		siblings = get_num_ht_siblings(i);
4382 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
4383 			max_siblings = siblings;
4384 		if (debug > 1)
4385 			fprintf(outf, "cpu %d pkg %d core %d\n",
4386 				i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].core_id);
4387 	}
4388 	topo.num_cores_per_pkg = max_core_id + 1;
4389 	if (debug > 1)
4390 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
4391 			max_core_id, topo.num_cores_per_pkg);
4392 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cores_per_pkg > 1)
4393 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Core);
4394 
4395 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
4396 	if (debug > 1)
4397 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
4398 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
4399 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
4400 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Package);
4401 
4402 	topo.num_threads_per_core = max_siblings;
4403 	if (debug > 1)
4404 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
4405 
4406 	free(cpus);
4407 }
4408 
4409 void
4410 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
4411 {
4412 	int i;
4413 
4414 	*t = calloc(topo.num_threads_per_core * topo.num_cores_per_pkg *
4415 		topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct thread_data));
4416 	if (*t == NULL)
4417 		goto error;
4418 
4419 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core *
4420 		topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
4421 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
4422 
4423 	*c = calloc(topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages,
4424 		sizeof(struct core_data));
4425 	if (*c == NULL)
4426 		goto error;
4427 
4428 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
4429 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
4430 
4431 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
4432 	if (*p == NULL)
4433 		goto error;
4434 
4435 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
4436 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
4437 
4438 	return;
4439 error:
4440 	err(1, "calloc counters");
4441 }
4442 /*
4443  * init_counter()
4444  *
4445  * set cpu_id, core_num, pkg_num
4446  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
4447  *
4448  * increment topo.num_cores when 1st core in pkg seen
4449  */
4450 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
4451 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int thread_num, int core_num,
4452 	int pkg_num, int cpu_id)
4453 {
4454 	struct thread_data *t;
4455 	struct core_data *c;
4456 	struct pkg_data *p;
4457 
4458 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_num, core_num, pkg_num);
4459 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_num, pkg_num);
4460 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_num);
4461 
4462 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
4463 	if (thread_num == 0) {
4464 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
4465 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
4466 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
4467 	}
4468 
4469 	c->core_id = core_num;
4470 	p->package_id = pkg_num;
4471 }
4472 
4473 
4474 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
4475 {
4476 	int my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id;
4477 
4478 	my_package_id = get_physical_package_id(cpu_id);
4479 	my_core_id = get_core_id(cpu_id);
4480 	my_thread_id = get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu_id);
4481 	if (!my_thread_id)
4482 		topo.num_cores++;
4483 
4484 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
4485 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
4486 	return 0;
4487 }
4488 
4489 void allocate_output_buffer()
4490 {
4491 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 1024);
4492 	outp = output_buffer;
4493 	if (outp == NULL)
4494 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
4495 }
4496 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
4497 {
4498 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
4499 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
4500 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
4501 }
4502 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
4503 {
4504 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
4505 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
4506 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
4507 
4508 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
4509 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
4510 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num + 1);
4511 }
4512 void setup_all_buffers(void)
4513 {
4514 	topology_probe();
4515 	allocate_irq_buffers();
4516 	allocate_fd_percpu();
4517 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
4518 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
4519 	allocate_output_buffer();
4520 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
4521 }
4522 
4523 void set_base_cpu(void)
4524 {
4525 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
4526 	if (base_cpu < 0)
4527 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
4528 
4529 	if (debug > 1)
4530 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
4531 }
4532 
4533 void turbostat_init()
4534 {
4535 	setup_all_buffers();
4536 	set_base_cpu();
4537 	check_dev_msr();
4538 	check_permissions();
4539 	process_cpuid();
4540 
4541 
4542 	if (!quiet)
4543 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
4544 
4545 	if (!quiet)
4546 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
4547 
4548 	if (!quiet)
4549 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
4550 
4551 	if (!quiet)
4552 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
4553 
4554 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
4555 
4556 	if (!quiet)
4557 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
4558 
4559 	if (!quiet && do_irtl_snb)
4560 		print_irtl();
4561 }
4562 
4563 int fork_it(char **argv)
4564 {
4565 	pid_t child_pid;
4566 	int status;
4567 
4568 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
4569 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
4570 	if (status)
4571 		exit(status);
4572 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
4573 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
4574 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
4575 
4576 	child_pid = fork();
4577 	if (!child_pid) {
4578 		/* child */
4579 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
4580 		err(errno, "exec %s", argv[0]);
4581 	} else {
4582 
4583 		/* parent */
4584 		if (child_pid == -1)
4585 			err(1, "fork");
4586 
4587 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
4588 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
4589 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
4590 			err(status, "waitpid");
4591 	}
4592 	/*
4593 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
4594 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
4595 	 */
4596 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
4597 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4598 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
4599 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
4600 	if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS))
4601 		fprintf(outf, "%s: Counter reset detected\n", progname);
4602 	else {
4603 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
4604 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
4605 	}
4606 
4607 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
4608 
4609 	flush_output_stderr();
4610 
4611 	return status;
4612 }
4613 
4614 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
4615 {
4616 	int status;
4617 
4618 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
4619 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4620 	if (status)
4621 		return status;
4622 
4623 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4624 	if (status)
4625 		return status;
4626 
4627 	flush_output_stdout();
4628 
4629 	return status;
4630 }
4631 
4632 void print_version() {
4633 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 17.06.23"
4634 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
4635 }
4636 
4637 int add_counter(unsigned int msr_num, char *path, char *name,
4638 	unsigned int width, enum counter_scope scope,
4639 	enum counter_type type, enum counter_format format, int flags)
4640 {
4641 	struct msr_counter *msrp;
4642 
4643 	msrp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct msr_counter));
4644 	if (msrp == NULL) {
4645 		perror("calloc");
4646 		exit(1);
4647 	}
4648 
4649 	msrp->msr_num = msr_num;
4650 	strncpy(msrp->name, name, NAME_BYTES);
4651 	if (path)
4652 		strncpy(msrp->path, path, PATH_BYTES);
4653 	msrp->width = width;
4654 	msrp->type = type;
4655 	msrp->format = format;
4656 	msrp->flags = flags;
4657 
4658 	switch (scope) {
4659 
4660 	case SCOPE_CPU:
4661 		msrp->next = sys.tp;
4662 		sys.tp = msrp;
4663 		sys.added_thread_counters++;
4664 		if (sys.added_thread_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4665 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added thread counters\n",
4666 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4667 			exit(-1);
4668 		}
4669 		break;
4670 
4671 	case SCOPE_CORE:
4672 		msrp->next = sys.cp;
4673 		sys.cp = msrp;
4674 		sys.added_core_counters++;
4675 		if (sys.added_core_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4676 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added core counters\n",
4677 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4678 			exit(-1);
4679 		}
4680 		break;
4681 
4682 	case SCOPE_PACKAGE:
4683 		msrp->next = sys.pp;
4684 		sys.pp = msrp;
4685 		sys.added_package_counters++;
4686 		if (sys.added_package_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4687 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added package counters\n",
4688 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4689 			exit(-1);
4690 		}
4691 		break;
4692 	}
4693 
4694 	return 0;
4695 }
4696 
4697 void parse_add_command(char *add_command)
4698 {
4699 	int msr_num = 0;
4700 	char *path = NULL;
4701 	char name_buffer[NAME_BYTES] = "";
4702 	int width = 64;
4703 	int fail = 0;
4704 	enum counter_scope scope = SCOPE_CPU;
4705 	enum counter_type type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
4706 	enum counter_format format = FORMAT_DELTA;
4707 
4708 	while (add_command) {
4709 
4710 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr0x%x", &msr_num) == 1)
4711 			goto next;
4712 
4713 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr%d", &msr_num) == 1)
4714 			goto next;
4715 
4716 		if (*add_command == '/') {
4717 			path = add_command;
4718 			goto next;
4719 		}
4720 
4721 		if (sscanf(add_command, "u%d", &width) == 1) {
4722 			if ((width == 32) || (width == 64))
4723 				goto next;
4724 			width = 64;
4725 		}
4726 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cpu", strlen("cpu"))) {
4727 			scope = SCOPE_CPU;
4728 			goto next;
4729 		}
4730 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "core", strlen("core"))) {
4731 			scope = SCOPE_CORE;
4732 			goto next;
4733 		}
4734 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "package", strlen("package"))) {
4735 			scope = SCOPE_PACKAGE;
4736 			goto next;
4737 		}
4738 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cycles", strlen("cycles"))) {
4739 			type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
4740 			goto next;
4741 		}
4742 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "seconds", strlen("seconds"))) {
4743 			type = COUNTER_SECONDS;
4744 			goto next;
4745 		}
4746 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "usec", strlen("usec"))) {
4747 			type = COUNTER_USEC;
4748 			goto next;
4749 		}
4750 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "raw", strlen("raw"))) {
4751 			format = FORMAT_RAW;
4752 			goto next;
4753 		}
4754 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "delta", strlen("delta"))) {
4755 			format = FORMAT_DELTA;
4756 			goto next;
4757 		}
4758 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "percent", strlen("percent"))) {
4759 			format = FORMAT_PERCENT;
4760 			goto next;
4761 		}
4762 
4763 		if (sscanf(add_command, "%18s,%*s", name_buffer) == 1) {	/* 18 < NAME_BYTES */
4764 			char *eos;
4765 
4766 			eos = strchr(name_buffer, ',');
4767 			if (eos)
4768 				*eos = '\0';
4769 			goto next;
4770 		}
4771 
4772 next:
4773 		add_command = strchr(add_command, ',');
4774 		if (add_command) {
4775 			*add_command = '\0';
4776 			add_command++;
4777 		}
4778 
4779 	}
4780 	if ((msr_num == 0) && (path == NULL)) {
4781 		fprintf(stderr, "--add: (msrDDD | msr0xXXX | /path_to_counter ) required\n");
4782 		fail++;
4783 	}
4784 
4785 	/* generate default column header */
4786 	if (*name_buffer == '\0') {
4787 		if (width == 32)
4788 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0x%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
4789 		else
4790 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0X%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
4791 	}
4792 
4793 	if (add_counter(msr_num, path, name_buffer, width, scope, type, format, 0))
4794 		fail++;
4795 
4796 	if (fail) {
4797 		help();
4798 		exit(1);
4799 	}
4800 }
4801 
4802 int is_deferred_skip(char *name)
4803 {
4804 	int i;
4805 
4806 	for (i = 0; i < deferred_skip_index; ++i)
4807 		if (!strcmp(name, deferred_skip_names[i]))
4808 			return 1;
4809 	return 0;
4810 }
4811 
4812 void probe_sysfs(void)
4813 {
4814 	char path[64];
4815 	char name_buf[16];
4816 	FILE *input;
4817 	int state;
4818 	char *sp;
4819 
4820 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_sysfs))
4821 		return;
4822 
4823 	for (state = 10; state > 0; --state) {
4824 
4825 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
4826 			base_cpu, state);
4827 		input = fopen(path, "r");
4828 		if (input == NULL)
4829 			continue;
4830 		fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input);
4831 
4832 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
4833 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
4834 		if (!sp)
4835 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
4836 		*sp = '%';
4837 		*(sp + 1) = '\0';
4838 
4839 		fclose(input);
4840 
4841 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/time", state);
4842 
4843 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
4844 			continue;
4845 
4846 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_USEC,
4847 				FORMAT_PERCENT, SYSFS_PERCPU);
4848 	}
4849 
4850 	for (state = 10; state > 0; --state) {
4851 
4852 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
4853 			base_cpu, state);
4854 		input = fopen(path, "r");
4855 		if (input == NULL)
4856 			continue;
4857 		fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input);
4858 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
4859 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
4860 		if (!sp)
4861 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
4862 		*sp = '\0';
4863 		fclose(input);
4864 
4865 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/usage", state);
4866 
4867 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
4868 			continue;
4869 
4870 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_ITEMS,
4871 				FORMAT_DELTA, SYSFS_PERCPU);
4872 	}
4873 
4874 }
4875 
4876 
4877 /*
4878  * parse cpuset with following syntax
4879  * 1,2,4..6,8-10 and set bits in cpu_subset
4880  */
4881 void parse_cpu_command(char *optarg)
4882 {
4883 	unsigned int start, end;
4884 	char *next;
4885 
4886 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "core")) {
4887 		if (cpu_subset)
4888 			goto error;
4889 		show_core_only++;
4890 		return;
4891 	}
4892 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "package")) {
4893 		if (cpu_subset)
4894 			goto error;
4895 		show_pkg_only++;
4896 		return;
4897 	}
4898 	if (show_core_only || show_pkg_only)
4899 		goto error;
4900 
4901 	cpu_subset = CPU_ALLOC(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
4902 	if (cpu_subset == NULL)
4903 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
4904 	cpu_subset_size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
4905 
4906 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
4907 
4908 	next = optarg;
4909 
4910 	while (next && *next) {
4911 
4912 		if (*next == '-')	/* no negative cpu numbers */
4913 			goto error;
4914 
4915 		start = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
4916 
4917 		if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
4918 			goto error;
4919 		CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
4920 
4921 		if (*next == '\0')
4922 			break;
4923 
4924 		if (*next == ',') {
4925 			next += 1;
4926 			continue;
4927 		}
4928 
4929 		if (*next == '-') {
4930 			next += 1;	/* start range */
4931 		} else if (*next == '.') {
4932 			next += 1;
4933 			if (*next == '.')
4934 				next += 1;	/* start range */
4935 			else
4936 				goto error;
4937 		}
4938 
4939 		end = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
4940 		if (end <= start)
4941 			goto error;
4942 
4943 		while (++start <= end) {
4944 			if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
4945 				goto error;
4946 			CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
4947 		}
4948 
4949 		if (*next == ',')
4950 			next += 1;
4951 		else if (*next != '\0')
4952 			goto error;
4953 	}
4954 
4955 	return;
4956 
4957 error:
4958 	fprintf(stderr, "\"--cpu %s\" malformed\n", optarg);
4959 	help();
4960 	exit(-1);
4961 }
4962 
4963 int shown;
4964 /*
4965  * parse_show_hide() - process cmdline to set default counter action
4966  */
4967 void parse_show_hide(char *optarg, enum show_hide_mode new_mode)
4968 {
4969 	/*
4970 	 * --show: show only those specified
4971 	 *  The 1st invocation will clear and replace the enabled mask
4972 	 *  subsequent invocations can add to it.
4973 	 */
4974 	if (new_mode == SHOW_LIST) {
4975 		if (shown == 0)
4976 			bic_enabled = bic_lookup(optarg, new_mode);
4977 		else
4978 			bic_enabled |= bic_lookup(optarg, new_mode);
4979 		shown = 1;
4980 
4981 		return;
4982 	}
4983 
4984 	/*
4985 	 * --hide: do not show those specified
4986 	 *  multiple invocations simply clear more bits in enabled mask
4987 	 */
4988 	bic_enabled &= ~bic_lookup(optarg, new_mode);
4989 
4990 }
4991 
4992 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
4993 {
4994 	int opt;
4995 	int option_index = 0;
4996 	static struct option long_options[] = {
4997 		{"add",		required_argument,	0, 'a'},
4998 		{"cpu",		required_argument,	0, 'c'},
4999 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
5000 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},	/* internal, not documented */
5001 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
5002 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
5003 		{"hide",	required_argument,	0, 'H'},	// meh, -h taken by --help
5004 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
5005 		{"list",	no_argument,		0, 'l'},
5006 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
5007 		{"quiet",	no_argument,		0, 'q'},
5008 		{"show",	required_argument,	0, 's'},
5009 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
5010 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
5011 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
5012 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
5013 	};
5014 
5015 	progname = argv[0];
5016 
5017 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Ddhi:JM:m:o:qST:v",
5018 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
5019 		switch (opt) {
5020 		case 'a':
5021 			parse_add_command(optarg);
5022 			break;
5023 		case 'c':
5024 			parse_cpu_command(optarg);
5025 			break;
5026 		case 'D':
5027 			dump_only++;
5028 			break;
5029 		case 'd':
5030 			debug++;
5031 			break;
5032 		case 'H':
5033 			parse_show_hide(optarg, HIDE_LIST);
5034 			break;
5035 		case 'h':
5036 		default:
5037 			help();
5038 			exit(1);
5039 		case 'i':
5040 			{
5041 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
5042 
5043 				if (interval < 0.001) {
5044 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
5045 						interval);
5046 					exit(2);
5047 				}
5048 
5049 				interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
5050 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
5051 			}
5052 			break;
5053 		case 'J':
5054 			rapl_joules++;
5055 			break;
5056 		case 'l':
5057 			list_header_only++;
5058 			quiet++;
5059 			break;
5060 		case 'o':
5061 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
5062 			break;
5063 		case 'q':
5064 			quiet = 1;
5065 			break;
5066 		case 's':
5067 			parse_show_hide(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
5068 			break;
5069 		case 'S':
5070 			summary_only++;
5071 			break;
5072 		case 'T':
5073 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
5074 			break;
5075 		case 'v':
5076 			print_version();
5077 			exit(0);
5078 			break;
5079 		}
5080 	}
5081 }
5082 
5083 int main(int argc, char **argv)
5084 {
5085 	outf = stderr;
5086 
5087 	cmdline(argc, argv);
5088 
5089 	if (!quiet)
5090 		print_version();
5091 
5092 	probe_sysfs();
5093 
5094 	turbostat_init();
5095 
5096 	/* dump counters and exit */
5097 	if (dump_only)
5098 		return get_and_dump_counters();
5099 
5100 	/* list header and exit */
5101 	if (list_header_only) {
5102 		print_header(",");
5103 		flush_output_stdout();
5104 		return 0;
5105 	}
5106 
5107 	/*
5108 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
5109 	 */
5110 	if (argc - optind)
5111 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
5112 	else
5113 		turbostat_loop();
5114 
5115 	return 0;
5116 }
5117