1 /*
2  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
3  * on modern Intel turbo-capable processors.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
6  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
10  * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
15  * more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
18  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
19  * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20  */
21 
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #include MSRHEADER
24 #include INTEL_FAMILY_HEADER
25 #include <stdarg.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <err.h>
28 #include <unistd.h>
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <sys/wait.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32 #include <sys/resource.h>
33 #include <fcntl.h>
34 #include <signal.h>
35 #include <sys/time.h>
36 #include <stdlib.h>
37 #include <getopt.h>
38 #include <dirent.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 #include <ctype.h>
41 #include <sched.h>
42 #include <time.h>
43 #include <cpuid.h>
44 #include <linux/capability.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 
47 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
48 FILE *outf;
49 int *fd_percpu;
50 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
51 unsigned int debug;
52 unsigned int rapl_joules;
53 unsigned int summary_only;
54 unsigned int dump_only;
55 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
56 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
57 unsigned int do_pc2;
58 unsigned int do_pc3;
59 unsigned int do_pc6;
60 unsigned int do_pc7;
61 unsigned int do_c8_c9_c10;
62 unsigned int do_skl_residency;
63 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
64 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
65 unsigned int has_aperf;
66 unsigned int has_epb;
67 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
68 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
69 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
70 unsigned int genuine_intel;
71 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
72 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
73 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
74 double bclk;
75 double base_hz;
76 unsigned int has_base_hz;
77 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
78 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
79 unsigned int show_core_only;
80 char *output_buffer, *outp;
81 unsigned int do_rapl;
82 unsigned int do_dts;
83 unsigned int do_ptm;
84 unsigned long long  gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
85 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
86 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
87 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
88 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
89 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
90 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
91 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
92 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
93 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
94 unsigned int crystal_hz;
95 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
96 int base_cpu;
97 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
98 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
99 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
100 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
101 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
102 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
103 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
104 
105 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
106 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
107 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
108 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
109 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
110 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
111 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
112 
113 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
114 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
115 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
116 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
117 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
118 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
119 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
120 
121 #define RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT	(1 << 6)
122 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
123 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
124 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
125 
126 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
127 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
128 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
129 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
130 
131 #define RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS	(1 << 9)
132 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
133 #define RAPL_CORES (RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS | RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT)
134 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
135 
136 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
137 
138 /*
139  * buffer size used by sscanf() for added column names
140  * Usually truncated to 7 characters, but also handles 18 columns for raw 64-bit counters
141  */
142 #define	NAME_BYTES 20
143 
144 int backwards_count;
145 char *progname;
146 
147 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set;
148 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize;
149 #define MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS 16
150 
151 struct thread_data {
152 	unsigned long long tsc;
153 	unsigned long long aperf;
154 	unsigned long long mperf;
155 	unsigned long long c1;
156 	unsigned int irq_count;
157 	unsigned int smi_count;
158 	unsigned int cpu_id;
159 	unsigned int flags;
160 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
161 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
162 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
163 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
164 
165 struct core_data {
166 	unsigned long long c3;
167 	unsigned long long c6;
168 	unsigned long long c7;
169 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
170 	unsigned int core_id;
171 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
172 } *core_even, *core_odd;
173 
174 struct pkg_data {
175 	unsigned long long pc2;
176 	unsigned long long pc3;
177 	unsigned long long pc6;
178 	unsigned long long pc7;
179 	unsigned long long pc8;
180 	unsigned long long pc9;
181 	unsigned long long pc10;
182 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
183 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
184 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
185 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
186 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
187 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
188 	unsigned int package_id;
189 	unsigned int energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
190 	unsigned int energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
191 	unsigned int energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
192 	unsigned int energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
193 	unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
194 	unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
195 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
196 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
197 } *package_even, *package_odd;
198 
199 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
200 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
201 
202 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no) \
203 	(thread_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg * \
204 		topo.num_threads_per_core + \
205 		(core_no) * topo.num_threads_per_core + (thread_no))
206 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no) \
207 	(core_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg + (core_no))
208 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
209 
210 enum counter_scope {SCOPE_CPU, SCOPE_CORE, SCOPE_PACKAGE};
211 enum counter_type {COUNTER_CYCLES, COUNTER_SECONDS};
212 enum counter_format {FORMAT_RAW, FORMAT_DELTA, FORMAT_PERCENT};
213 
214 struct msr_counter {
215 	unsigned int msr_num;
216 	char name[NAME_BYTES];
217 	unsigned int width;
218 	enum counter_type type;
219 	enum counter_format format;
220 	struct msr_counter *next;
221 	unsigned int flags;
222 #define	FLAGS_HIDE	(1 << 0)
223 #define	FLAGS_SHOW	(1 << 1)
224 };
225 
226 struct sys_counters {
227 	unsigned int added_thread_counters;
228 	unsigned int added_core_counters;
229 	unsigned int added_package_counters;
230 	struct msr_counter *tp;
231 	struct msr_counter *cp;
232 	struct msr_counter *pp;
233 } sys;
234 
235 struct system_summary {
236 	struct thread_data threads;
237 	struct core_data cores;
238 	struct pkg_data packages;
239 } average;
240 
241 
242 struct topo_params {
243 	int num_packages;
244 	int num_cpus;
245 	int num_cores;
246 	int max_cpu_num;
247 	int num_cores_per_pkg;
248 	int num_threads_per_core;
249 } topo;
250 
251 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
252 
253 int *irq_column_2_cpu;	/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
254 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
255 
256 void setup_all_buffers(void);
257 
258 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
259 {
260 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
261 }
262 /*
263  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
264  * skip non-present cpus
265  */
266 
267 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
268 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
269 {
270 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
271 
272 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
273 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
274 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
275 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
276 				struct thread_data *t;
277 				struct core_data *c;
278 				struct pkg_data *p;
279 
280 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
281 
282 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
283 					continue;
284 
285 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
286 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
287 
288 				retval = func(t, c, p);
289 				if (retval)
290 					return retval;
291 			}
292 		}
293 	}
294 	return 0;
295 }
296 
297 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
298 {
299 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
300 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
301 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
302 		return -1;
303 	else
304 		return 0;
305 }
306 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
307 {
308 	char pathname[32];
309 	int fd;
310 
311 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
312 
313 	if (fd)
314 		return fd;
315 
316 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
317 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
318 	if (fd < 0)
319 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
320 
321 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
322 
323 	return fd;
324 }
325 
326 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
327 {
328 	ssize_t retval;
329 
330 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
331 
332 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
333 		err(-1, "msr %d offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
334 
335 	return 0;
336 }
337 
338 /*
339  * Each string in this array is compared in --show and --hide cmdline.
340  * Thus, strings that are proper sub-sets must follow their more specific peers.
341  */
342 struct msr_counter bic[] = {
343 	{ 0x0, "Package" },
344 	{ 0x0, "Avg_MHz" },
345 	{ 0x0, "Bzy_MHz" },
346 	{ 0x0, "TSC_MHz" },
347 	{ 0x0, "IRQ" },
348 	{ 0x0, "SMI", 32, 0, FORMAT_DELTA, NULL},
349 	{ 0x0, "Busy%" },
350 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c1" },
351 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c3" },
352 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c6" },
353 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c7" },
354 	{ 0x0, "ThreadC" },
355 	{ 0x0, "CoreTmp" },
356 	{ 0x0, "CoreCnt" },
357 	{ 0x0, "PkgTmp" },
358 	{ 0x0, "GFX%rc6" },
359 	{ 0x0, "GFXMHz" },
360 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc2" },
361 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc3" },
362 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc6" },
363 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc7" },
364 	{ 0x0, "PkgWatt" },
365 	{ 0x0, "CorWatt" },
366 	{ 0x0, "GFXWatt" },
367 	{ 0x0, "PkgCnt" },
368 	{ 0x0, "RAMWatt" },
369 	{ 0x0, "PKG_%" },
370 	{ 0x0, "RAM_%" },
371 	{ 0x0, "Pkg_J" },
372 	{ 0x0, "Cor_J" },
373 	{ 0x0, "GFX_J" },
374 	{ 0x0, "RAM_J" },
375 	{ 0x0, "Core" },
376 	{ 0x0, "CPU" },
377 };
378 
379 #define MAX_BIC (sizeof(bic) / sizeof(struct msr_counter))
380 #define	BIC_Package	(1ULL << 0)
381 #define	BIC_Avg_MHz	(1ULL << 1)
382 #define	BIC_Bzy_MHz	(1ULL << 2)
383 #define	BIC_TSC_MHz	(1ULL << 3)
384 #define	BIC_IRQ		(1ULL << 4)
385 #define	BIC_SMI		(1ULL << 5)
386 #define	BIC_Busy	(1ULL << 6)
387 #define	BIC_CPU_c1	(1ULL << 7)
388 #define	BIC_CPU_c3	(1ULL << 8)
389 #define	BIC_CPU_c6	(1ULL << 9)
390 #define	BIC_CPU_c7	(1ULL << 10)
391 #define	BIC_ThreadC	(1ULL << 11)
392 #define	BIC_CoreTmp	(1ULL << 12)
393 #define	BIC_CoreCnt	(1ULL << 13)
394 #define	BIC_PkgTmp	(1ULL << 14)
395 #define	BIC_GFX_rc6	(1ULL << 15)
396 #define	BIC_GFXMHz	(1ULL << 16)
397 #define	BIC_Pkgpc2	(1ULL << 17)
398 #define	BIC_Pkgpc3	(1ULL << 18)
399 #define	BIC_Pkgpc6	(1ULL << 19)
400 #define	BIC_Pkgpc7	(1ULL << 20)
401 #define	BIC_PkgWatt	(1ULL << 21)
402 #define	BIC_CorWatt	(1ULL << 22)
403 #define	BIC_GFXWatt	(1ULL << 23)
404 #define	BIC_PkgCnt	(1ULL << 24)
405 #define	BIC_RAMWatt	(1ULL << 27)
406 #define	BIC_PKG__	(1ULL << 28)
407 #define	BIC_RAM__	(1ULL << 29)
408 #define	BIC_Pkg_J	(1ULL << 30)
409 #define	BIC_Cor_J	(1ULL << 31)
410 #define	BIC_GFX_J	(1ULL << 30)
411 #define	BIC_RAM_J	(1ULL << 31)
412 #define	BIC_Core	(1ULL << 32)
413 #define	BIC_CPU		(1ULL << 33)
414 
415 unsigned long long bic_enabled = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL;
416 unsigned long long bic_present;
417 
418 #define DO_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled & bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
419 #define BIC_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present |= COUNTER_BIT)
420 
421 /*
422  * bic_lookup
423  * for all the strings in comma separate name_list,
424  * set the approprate bit in return value.
425  */
426 unsigned long long bic_lookup(char *name_list)
427 {
428 	int i;
429 	unsigned long long retval = 0;
430 
431 	while (name_list) {
432 		char *comma;
433 
434 		comma = strchr(name_list, ',');
435 
436 		if (comma)
437 			*comma = '\0';
438 
439 		for (i = 0; i < MAX_BIC; ++i) {
440 			if (!strcmp(name_list, bic[i].name)) {
441 				retval |= (1ULL << i);
442 				break;
443 			}
444 		}
445 		if (i == MAX_BIC) {
446 			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid counter name: %s\n", name_list);
447 			exit(-1);
448 		}
449 
450 		name_list = comma;
451 		if (name_list)
452 			name_list++;
453 
454 	}
455 	return retval;
456 }
457 
458 void print_header(void)
459 {
460 	struct msr_counter *mp;
461 
462 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
463 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPackage");
464 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
465 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCore");
466 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
467 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU");
468 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
469 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tAvg_MHz");
470 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
471 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tBusy%%");
472 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz))
473 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tBzy_MHz");
474 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
475 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tTSC_MHz");
476 
477 	if (!debug)
478 		goto done;
479 
480 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
481 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tIRQ");
482 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
483 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tSMI");
484 
485 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
486 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c1");
487 
488 	for (mp = sys.tp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
489 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
490 			if (mp->width == 64)
491 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%18.18s", mp->name);
492 			else
493 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%10.10s", mp->name);
494 		} else {
495 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%-7.7s", mp->name);
496 		}
497 	}
498 
499 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
500 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c3");
501 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
502 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c6");
503 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
504 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c7");
505 
506 
507 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
508 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCoreTmp");
509 
510 	for (mp = sys.cp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
511 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
512 			if (mp->width == 64)
513 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%18.18s", mp->name);
514 			else
515 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%10.10s", mp->name);
516 		} else {
517 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%-7.7s", mp->name);
518 		}
519 	}
520 
521 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
522 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkgTmp");
523 
524 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
525 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX%%rc6");
526 
527 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
528 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFXMHz");
529 
530 	if (do_skl_residency) {
531 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tTotl%%C0");
532 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tAny%%C0");
533 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX%%C0");
534 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPUGFX%%");
535 	}
536 
537 	if (do_pc2)
538 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc2");
539 	if (do_pc3)
540 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc3");
541 	if (do_pc6)
542 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc6");
543 	if (do_pc7)
544 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc7");
545 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
546 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc8");
547 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc9");
548 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPk%%pc10");
549 	}
550 
551 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
552 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
553 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkgWatt");
554 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt))
555 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCorWatt");
556 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
557 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFXWatt");
558 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
559 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAMWatt");
560 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
561 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPKG_%%");
562 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
563 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_%%");
564 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
565 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
566 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg_J");
567 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J))
568 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCor_J");
569 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
570 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX_J");
571 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
572 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_J");
573 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
574 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPKG_%%");
575 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
576 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_%%");
577 	}
578 	for (mp = sys.pp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
579 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
580 			if (mp->width == 64)
581 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%18.18s", mp->name);
582 			else
583 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%10.10s", mp->name);
584 		} else {
585 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%-7.7s", mp->name);
586 		}
587 	}
588 
589 done:
590 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
591 }
592 
593 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
594 	struct pkg_data *p)
595 {
596 	int i;
597 	struct msr_counter *mp;
598 
599 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
600 
601 	if (t) {
602 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
603 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
604 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
605 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
606 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
607 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
608 
609 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
610 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %08X\n", t->irq_count);
611 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
612 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %08X\n", t->smi_count);
613 
614 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
615 			outp += sprintf(outp, "tADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
616 				i, mp->msr_num, t->counter[i]);
617 		}
618 	}
619 
620 	if (c) {
621 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
622 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
623 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
624 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
625 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
626 
627 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
628 			outp += sprintf(outp, "cADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
629 				i, mp->msr_num, c->counter[i]);
630 		}
631 	}
632 
633 	if (p) {
634 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
635 
636 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
637 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
638 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
639 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
640 
641 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
642 		if (do_pc3)
643 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
644 		if (do_pc6)
645 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
646 		if (do_pc7)
647 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
648 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
649 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
650 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
651 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg);
652 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores);
653 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx);
654 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram);
655 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n",
656 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
657 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n",
658 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
659 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
660 
661 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
662 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
663 				i, mp->msr_num, p->counter[i]);
664 		}
665 	}
666 
667 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
668 
669 	return 0;
670 }
671 
672 /*
673  * column formatting convention & formats
674  */
675 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
676 	struct pkg_data *p)
677 {
678 	double interval_float;
679 	char *fmt8;
680 	int i;
681 	struct msr_counter *mp;
682 
683 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
684 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
685 		return 0;
686 
687 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
688 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
689 		return 0;
690 
691 	interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
692 
693 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
694 	if (t == &average.threads) {
695 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
696 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
697 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
698 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
699 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
700 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
701 	} else {
702 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package)) {
703 			if (p)
704 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->package_id);
705 			else
706 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
707 		}
708 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core)) {
709 			if (c)
710 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", c->core_id);
711 			else
712 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
713 		}
714 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
715 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->cpu_id);
716 	}
717 
718 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
719 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f",
720 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
721 
722 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
723 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->mperf/t->tsc/tsc_tweak);
724 
725 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
726 		if (has_base_hz)
727 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f", base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
728 		else
729 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f",
730 				1.0 * t->tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
731 	}
732 
733 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
734 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f", 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
735 
736 	if (!debug)
737 		goto done;
738 
739 	/* IRQ */
740 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
741 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->irq_count);
742 
743 	/* SMI */
744 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
745 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->smi_count);
746 
747 	/* C1 */
748 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
749 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->c1/t->tsc);
750 
751 	/* Added counters */
752 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
753 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
754 			if (mp->width == 32)
755 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%08lx", (unsigned long) t->counter[i]);
756 			else
757 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%016llx", t->counter[i]);
758 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
759 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%lld", t->counter[i]);
760 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
761 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->counter[i]/t->tsc);
762 		}
763 	}
764 
765 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
766 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
767 		goto done;
768 
769 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
770 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c3/t->tsc);
771 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
772 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c6/t->tsc);
773 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
774 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c7/t->tsc);
775 
776 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
777 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", c->core_temp_c);
778 
779 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
780 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
781 			if (mp->width == 32)
782 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%08lx", (unsigned long) c->counter[i]);
783 			else
784 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%016llx", c->counter[i]);
785 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
786 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%lld", c->counter[i]);
787 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
788 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->counter[i]/t->tsc);
789 		}
790 	}
791 
792 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
793 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
794 		goto done;
795 
796 	/* PkgTmp */
797 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
798 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->pkg_temp_c);
799 
800 	/* GFXrc6 */
801 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6)) {
802 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect GFX counter reset */
803 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t**.**");
804 		} else {
805 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f",
806 				p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
807 		}
808 	}
809 
810 	/* GFXMHz */
811 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
812 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->gfx_mhz);
813 
814 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
815 	if (do_skl_residency) {
816 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/t->tsc);
817 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/t->tsc);
818 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
819 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
820 	}
821 
822 	if (do_pc2)
823 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/t->tsc);
824 	if (do_pc3)
825 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc3/t->tsc);
826 	if (do_pc6)
827 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/t->tsc);
828 	if (do_pc7)
829 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/t->tsc);
830 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
831 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc8/t->tsc);
832 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc9/t->tsc);
833 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc10/t->tsc);
834 	}
835 
836 	/*
837  	 * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range,
838  	 * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place.
839  	 */
840 	if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range)
841 		fmt8 = "\t%.2f";
842 	else
843 		fmt8 = "%6.0f**";
844 
845 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
846 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
847 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt))
848 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
849 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
850 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
851 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
852 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
853 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
854 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
855 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J))
856 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
857 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
858 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
859 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
860 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
861 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
862 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
863 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
864 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
865 
866 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
867 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
868 			if (mp->width == 32)
869 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%08lx", (unsigned long) p->counter[i]);
870 			else
871 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%016llx", p->counter[i]);
872 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
873 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%lld", p->counter[i]);
874 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
875 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->counter[i]/t->tsc);
876 		}
877 	}
878 
879 done:
880 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
881 
882 	return 0;
883 }
884 
885 void flush_output_stdout(void)
886 {
887 	FILE *filep;
888 
889 	if (outf == stderr)
890 		filep = stdout;
891 	else
892 		filep = outf;
893 
894 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
895 	fflush(filep);
896 
897 	outp = output_buffer;
898 }
899 void flush_output_stderr(void)
900 {
901 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
902 	fflush(outf);
903 	outp = output_buffer;
904 }
905 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
906 {
907 	static int printed;
908 
909 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
910 		print_header();
911 
912 	if (topo.num_cpus > 1)
913 		format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores,
914 			&average.packages);
915 
916 	printed = 1;
917 
918 	if (summary_only)
919 		return;
920 
921 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
922 }
923 
924 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
925 	if (new > old) {			\
926 		old = new - old;		\
927 	} else {				\
928 		old = 0x100000000 + new - old;	\
929 	}
930 
931 int
932 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
933 {
934 	int i;
935 	struct msr_counter *mp;
936 
937 	if (do_skl_residency) {
938 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
939 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
940 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
941 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
942 	}
943 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
944 	if (do_pc3)
945 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
946 	if (do_pc6)
947 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
948 	if (do_pc7)
949 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
950 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
951 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
952 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
953 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
954 
955 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
956 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms >  new->gfx_rc6_ms)
957 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
958 	else
959 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
960 
961 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
962 
963 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg);
964 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
965 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
966 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
967 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
968 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
969 
970 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
971 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
972 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
973 		else
974 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
975 	}
976 
977 	return 0;
978 }
979 
980 void
981 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
982 {
983 	int i;
984 	struct msr_counter *mp;
985 
986 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
987 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
988 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
989 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
990 
991 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
992 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
993 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
994 		else
995 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
996 	}
997 }
998 
999 /*
1000  * old = new - old
1001  */
1002 int
1003 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
1004 	struct core_data *core_delta)
1005 {
1006 	int i;
1007 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1008 
1009 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
1010 
1011 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
1012 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
1013 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
1014 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
1015 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
1016 
1017 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
1018 
1019 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1020 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
1021 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
1022 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
1023 		} else {
1024 			return -1;
1025 		}
1026 	}
1027 
1028 
1029 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1030 		/*
1031 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
1032 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
1033 		 */
1034 	} else {
1035 		/*
1036 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
1037 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
1038 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
1039 		 */
1040 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > old->tsc)
1041 			old->c1 = 0;
1042 		else {
1043 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
1044 			old->c1 = old->tsc - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
1045 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
1046 		}
1047 	}
1048 
1049 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
1050 		if (debug > 1)
1051 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
1052 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
1053 	}
1054 
1055 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1056 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
1057 
1058 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1059 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
1060 
1061 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1062 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1063 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1064 		else
1065 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1066 	}
1067 	return 0;
1068 }
1069 
1070 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1071 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
1072 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
1073 {
1074 	int retval = 0;
1075 
1076 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
1077 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
1078 		delta_core(c, c2);
1079 
1080 	/* always calculate thread delta */
1081 	retval = delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
1082 	if (retval)
1083 		return retval;
1084 
1085 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
1086 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
1087 		retval = delta_package(p, p2);
1088 
1089 	return retval;
1090 }
1091 
1092 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1093 {
1094 	int i;
1095 	struct msr_counter  *mp;
1096 
1097 	t->tsc = 0;
1098 	t->aperf = 0;
1099 	t->mperf = 0;
1100 	t->c1 = 0;
1101 
1102 	t->irq_count = 0;
1103 	t->smi_count = 0;
1104 
1105 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
1106 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
1107 
1108 	c->c3 = 0;
1109 	c->c6 = 0;
1110 	c->c7 = 0;
1111 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
1112 
1113 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
1114 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
1115 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1116 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1117 
1118 	p->pc2 = 0;
1119 	if (do_pc3)
1120 		p->pc3 = 0;
1121 	if (do_pc6)
1122 		p->pc6 = 0;
1123 	if (do_pc7)
1124 		p->pc7 = 0;
1125 	p->pc8 = 0;
1126 	p->pc9 = 0;
1127 	p->pc10 = 0;
1128 
1129 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
1130 	p->energy_dram = 0;
1131 	p->energy_cores = 0;
1132 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
1133 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
1134 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
1135 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
1136 
1137 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
1138 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
1139 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1140 		t->counter[i] = 0;
1141 
1142 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1143 		c->counter[i] = 0;
1144 
1145 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1146 		p->counter[i] = 0;
1147 }
1148 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1149 	struct pkg_data *p)
1150 {
1151 	int i;
1152 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1153 
1154 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
1155 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
1156 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
1157 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
1158 
1159 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
1160 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
1161 
1162 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1163 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1164 			continue;
1165 		average.threads.counter[i] += t->counter[i];
1166 	}
1167 
1168 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
1169 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1170 		return 0;
1171 
1172 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
1173 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
1174 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
1175 
1176 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
1177 
1178 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1179 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1180 			continue;
1181 		average.cores.counter[i] += c->counter[i];
1182 	}
1183 
1184 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
1185 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1186 		return 0;
1187 
1188 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1189 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1190 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
1191 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1192 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1193 	}
1194 
1195 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
1196 	if (do_pc3)
1197 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
1198 	if (do_pc6)
1199 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
1200 	if (do_pc7)
1201 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
1202 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
1203 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
1204 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
1205 
1206 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
1207 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
1208 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
1209 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
1210 
1211 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
1212 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
1213 
1214 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
1215 
1216 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1217 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1218 
1219 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1220 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1221 			continue;
1222 		average.packages.counter[i] += p->counter[i];
1223 	}
1224 	return 0;
1225 }
1226 /*
1227  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1228  * compute the weighted average
1229  */
1230 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1231 	struct pkg_data *p)
1232 {
1233 	int i;
1234 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1235 
1236 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1237 
1238 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1239 
1240 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1241 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1242 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1243 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1244 
1245 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1246 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1247 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1248 
1249 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1250 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1251 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1252 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1253 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1254 	}
1255 
1256 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1257 	if (do_pc3)
1258 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1259 	if (do_pc6)
1260 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1261 	if (do_pc7)
1262 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1263 
1264 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1265 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1266 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1267 
1268 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1269 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1270 			continue;
1271 		average.threads.counter[i] /= topo.num_cpus;
1272 	}
1273 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1274 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1275 			continue;
1276 		average.cores.counter[i] /= topo.num_cores;
1277 	}
1278 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1279 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1280 			continue;
1281 		average.packages.counter[i] /= topo.num_packages;
1282 	}
1283 }
1284 
1285 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1286 {
1287 	unsigned int low, high;
1288 
1289 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
1290 
1291 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1292 }
1293 
1294 /*
1295  * get_counters(...)
1296  * migrate to cpu
1297  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1298  */
1299 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1300 {
1301 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1302 	unsigned long long msr;
1303 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1304 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1305 	int i;
1306 
1307 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1308 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1309 		return -1;
1310 	}
1311 
1312 retry:
1313 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1314 
1315 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1316 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1317 
1318 		/*
1319 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
1320 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
1321 		 *
1322 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
1323 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
1324 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
1325 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
1326 		 */
1327 
1328 		/*
1329 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
1330 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
1331 		 */
1332 
1333 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1334 			return -3;
1335 
1336 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
1337 
1338 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
1339 
1340 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1341 			return -3;
1342 
1343 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
1344 
1345 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1346 			return -4;
1347 
1348 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
1349 
1350 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
1351 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
1352 
1353 		/*
1354 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
1355 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
1356 		 */
1357 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
1358 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
1359 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
1360 				goto retry;
1361 			else
1362 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld",
1363 					cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
1364 		}
1365 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1366 
1367 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1368 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1369 	}
1370 
1371 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1372 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
1373 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI)) {
1374 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1375 			return -5;
1376 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1377 	}
1378 
1379 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1380 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
1381 			return -6;
1382 	}
1383 
1384 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1385 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, &t->counter[i]))
1386 			return -10;
1387 	}
1388 
1389 
1390 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
1391 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1392 		return 0;
1393 
1394 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1395 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
1396 			return -6;
1397 	}
1398 
1399 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6) && !do_knl_cstates) {
1400 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1401 			return -7;
1402 	} else if (do_knl_cstates) {
1403 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1404 			return -7;
1405 	}
1406 
1407 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
1408 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
1409 			return -8;
1410 
1411 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp)) {
1412 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1413 			return -9;
1414 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1415 	}
1416 
1417 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1418 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, &c->counter[i]))
1419 			return -10;
1420 	}
1421 
1422 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
1423 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1424 		return 0;
1425 
1426 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1427 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
1428 			return -10;
1429 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
1430 			return -11;
1431 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
1432 			return -12;
1433 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
1434 			return -13;
1435 	}
1436 	if (do_pc3)
1437 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
1438 			return -9;
1439 	if (do_pc6)
1440 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1441 			return -10;
1442 	if (do_pc2)
1443 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
1444 			return -11;
1445 	if (do_pc7)
1446 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
1447 			return -12;
1448 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
1449 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
1450 			return -13;
1451 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
1452 			return -13;
1453 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
1454 			return -13;
1455 	}
1456 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
1457 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1458 			return -13;
1459 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1460 	}
1461 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS) {
1462 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1463 			return -14;
1464 		p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1465 	}
1466 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
1467 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1468 			return -15;
1469 		p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1470 	}
1471 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
1472 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1473 			return -16;
1474 		p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1475 	}
1476 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
1477 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1478 			return -16;
1479 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1480 	}
1481 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
1482 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1483 			return -16;
1484 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1485 	}
1486 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp)) {
1487 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1488 			return -17;
1489 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1490 	}
1491 
1492 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
1493 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
1494 
1495 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
1496 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
1497 
1498 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1499 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, &p->counter[i]))
1500 			return -10;
1501 	}
1502 
1503 	return 0;
1504 }
1505 
1506 /*
1507  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
1508  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
1509  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
1510  */
1511 
1512 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
1513 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
1514 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
1515 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
1516 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
1517 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
1518 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
1519 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
1520 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
1521 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
1522 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
1523 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
1524 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
1525 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
1526 #define PCLUNL 14 /* Unlimited */
1527 
1528 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
1529 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
1530 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "unlimited"};
1531 
1532 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1533 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1534 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1535 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1536 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1537 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1538 int bxt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1539 int skx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1540 
1541 
1542 static void
1543 calculate_tsc_tweak()
1544 {
1545 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
1546 }
1547 
1548 static void
1549 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
1550 {
1551 	unsigned long long msr;
1552 	unsigned int ratio;
1553 
1554 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
1555 
1556 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1557 
1558 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1559 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
1560 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1561 
1562 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1563 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz base frequency\n",
1564 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1565 
1566 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
1567 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
1568 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
1569 
1570 	return;
1571 }
1572 
1573 static void
1574 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1575 {
1576 	unsigned long long msr;
1577 	unsigned int ratio;
1578 
1579 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
1580 
1581 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1582 
1583 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1584 	if (ratio)
1585 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
1586 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1587 
1588 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1589 	if (ratio)
1590 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
1591 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1592 	return;
1593 }
1594 
1595 static void
1596 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1597 {
1598 	unsigned long long msr;
1599 	unsigned int ratio;
1600 
1601 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
1602 
1603 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1604 
1605 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1606 	if (ratio)
1607 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
1608 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1609 
1610 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1611 	if (ratio)
1612 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
1613 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1614 
1615 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1616 	if (ratio)
1617 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
1618 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1619 
1620 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1621 	if (ratio)
1622 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
1623 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1624 
1625 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1626 	if (ratio)
1627 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
1628 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1629 
1630 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1631 	if (ratio)
1632 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
1633 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1634 
1635 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1636 	if (ratio)
1637 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
1638 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1639 
1640 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1641 	if (ratio)
1642 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
1643 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1644 	return;
1645 }
1646 
1647 static void
1648 dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1649 {
1650 	unsigned long long msr;
1651 	unsigned int ratio;
1652 
1653 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1654 
1655 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1656 
1657 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1658 	if (ratio)
1659 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 8 active cores\n",
1660 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1661 
1662 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1663 	if (ratio)
1664 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 7 active cores\n",
1665 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1666 
1667 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1668 	if (ratio)
1669 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 6 active cores\n",
1670 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1671 
1672 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1673 	if (ratio)
1674 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 5 active cores\n",
1675 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1676 
1677 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1678 	if (ratio)
1679 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
1680 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1681 
1682 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1683 	if (ratio)
1684 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
1685 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1686 
1687 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1688 	if (ratio)
1689 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
1690 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1691 
1692 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1693 	if (ratio)
1694 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 1 active cores\n",
1695 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1696 	return;
1697 }
1698 
1699 static void
1700 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1701 {
1702 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
1703 
1704 	unsigned long long msr;
1705 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
1706 	int i, b_nr;
1707 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
1708 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
1709 
1710 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1711 
1712 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
1713 		base_cpu, msr);
1714 
1715 	/**
1716 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
1717 	 * [0] -- Reserved
1718 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
1719 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
1720 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
1721 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
1722 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
1723 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
1724 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
1725 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
1726 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
1727 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
1728 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
1729 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
1730 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
1731 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
1732 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
1733 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
1734 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
1735 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
1736 	 */
1737 
1738 	b_nr = 0;
1739 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
1740 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1741 
1742 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
1743 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
1744 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
1745 
1746 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
1747 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
1748 		b_nr++;
1749 	}
1750 
1751 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1752 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
1753 			fprintf(outf,
1754 				"%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1755 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
1756 }
1757 
1758 static void
1759 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
1760 {
1761 	unsigned long long msr;
1762 
1763 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr);
1764 
1765 #define SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 27)
1766 #define SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 28)
1767 
1768 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1769 
1770 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked: pkg-cstate-limit=%d: %s)\n",
1771 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
1772 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
1773 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
1774 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
1775 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
1776 		(unsigned int)msr & 0xF,
1777 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
1778 	return;
1779 }
1780 
1781 static void
1782 dump_config_tdp(void)
1783 {
1784 	unsigned long long msr;
1785 
1786 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
1787 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1788 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
1789 
1790 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
1791 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1792 	if (msr) {
1793 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1794 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1795 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1796 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1797 	}
1798 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1799 
1800 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
1801 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1802 	if (msr) {
1803 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1804 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1805 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1806 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1807 	}
1808 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1809 
1810 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
1811 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1812 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
1813 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
1814 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1815 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1816 
1817 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
1818 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1819 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
1820 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1821 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1822 }
1823 
1824 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = {1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
1825 
1826 void print_irtl(void)
1827 {
1828 	unsigned long long msr;
1829 
1830 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
1831 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1832 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1833 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1834 
1835 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
1836 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1837 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1838 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1839 
1840 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
1841 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1842 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1843 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1844 
1845 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
1846 		return;
1847 
1848 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
1849 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1850 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1851 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1852 
1853 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
1854 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1855 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1856 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1857 
1858 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
1859 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1860 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1861 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1862 
1863 }
1864 void free_fd_percpu(void)
1865 {
1866 	int i;
1867 
1868 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num + 1; ++i) {
1869 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
1870 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
1871 	}
1872 
1873 	free(fd_percpu);
1874 }
1875 
1876 void free_all_buffers(void)
1877 {
1878 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
1879 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
1880 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
1881 
1882 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
1883 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
1884 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
1885 
1886 	free(thread_even);
1887 	free(core_even);
1888 	free(package_even);
1889 
1890 	thread_even = NULL;
1891 	core_even = NULL;
1892 	package_even = NULL;
1893 
1894 	free(thread_odd);
1895 	free(core_odd);
1896 	free(package_odd);
1897 
1898 	thread_odd = NULL;
1899 	core_odd = NULL;
1900 	package_odd = NULL;
1901 
1902 	free(output_buffer);
1903 	output_buffer = NULL;
1904 	outp = NULL;
1905 
1906 	free_fd_percpu();
1907 
1908 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
1909 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
1910 }
1911 
1912 /*
1913  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1914  */
1915 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1916 {
1917 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1918 	if (!filep)
1919 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1920 	return filep;
1921 }
1922 
1923 /*
1924  * Parse a file containing a single int.
1925  */
1926 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
1927 {
1928 	va_list args;
1929 	char path[PATH_MAX];
1930 	FILE *filep;
1931 	int value;
1932 
1933 	va_start(args, fmt);
1934 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
1935 	va_end(args);
1936 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1937 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
1938 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
1939 	fclose(filep);
1940 	return value;
1941 }
1942 
1943 /*
1944  * get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu)
1945  * return the position of the CPU among its HT siblings in the core
1946  * return -1 if the sibling is not in list
1947  */
1948 int get_cpu_position_in_core(int cpu)
1949 {
1950 	char path[64];
1951 	FILE *filep;
1952 	int this_cpu;
1953 	char character;
1954 	int i;
1955 
1956 	sprintf(path,
1957 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list",
1958 		cpu);
1959 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
1960 	if (filep == NULL) {
1961 		perror(path);
1962 		exit(1);
1963 	}
1964 
1965 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core; i++) {
1966 		fscanf(filep, "%d", &this_cpu);
1967 		if (this_cpu == cpu) {
1968 			fclose(filep);
1969 			return i;
1970 		}
1971 
1972 		/* Account for no separator after last thread*/
1973 		if (i != (topo.num_threads_per_core - 1))
1974 			fscanf(filep, "%c", &character);
1975 	}
1976 
1977 	fclose(filep);
1978 	return -1;
1979 }
1980 
1981 /*
1982  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
1983  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
1984  */
1985 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
1986 {
1987 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
1988 }
1989 
1990 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
1991 {
1992 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
1993 }
1994 
1995 int get_core_id(int cpu)
1996 {
1997 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
1998 }
1999 
2000 int get_num_ht_siblings(int cpu)
2001 {
2002 	char path[80];
2003 	FILE *filep;
2004 	int sib1;
2005 	int matches = 0;
2006 	char character;
2007 	char str[100];
2008 	char *ch;
2009 
2010 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list", cpu);
2011 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
2012 
2013 	/*
2014 	 * file format:
2015 	 * A ',' separated or '-' separated set of numbers
2016 	 * (eg 1-2 or 1,3,4,5)
2017 	 */
2018 	fscanf(filep, "%d%c\n", &sib1, &character);
2019 	fseek(filep, 0, SEEK_SET);
2020 	fgets(str, 100, filep);
2021 	ch = strchr(str, character);
2022 	while (ch != NULL) {
2023 		matches++;
2024 		ch = strchr(ch+1, character);
2025 	}
2026 
2027 	fclose(filep);
2028 	return matches+1;
2029 }
2030 
2031 /*
2032  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
2033  * skip non-present cpus
2034  */
2035 
2036 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2037 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2038 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
2039 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
2040 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
2041 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
2042 {
2043 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
2044 
2045 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
2046 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
2047 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
2048 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
2049 				struct thread_data *t, *t2;
2050 				struct core_data *c, *c2;
2051 				struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
2052 
2053 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
2054 
2055 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
2056 					continue;
2057 
2058 				t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
2059 
2060 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
2061 				c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, pkg_no);
2062 
2063 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
2064 				p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
2065 
2066 				retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
2067 				if (retval)
2068 					return retval;
2069 			}
2070 		}
2071 	}
2072 	return 0;
2073 }
2074 
2075 /*
2076  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
2077  * return max_cpu number
2078  */
2079 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
2080 {
2081 	FILE *fp;
2082 	int cpu_num;
2083 	int retval;
2084 
2085 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
2086 
2087 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
2088 	if (retval != 0)
2089 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
2090 
2091 	while (1) {
2092 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
2093 		if (retval != 1)
2094 			break;
2095 
2096 		retval = func(cpu_num);
2097 		if (retval) {
2098 			fclose(fp);
2099 			return(retval);
2100 		}
2101 	}
2102 	fclose(fp);
2103 	return 0;
2104 }
2105 
2106 void re_initialize(void)
2107 {
2108 	free_all_buffers();
2109 	setup_all_buffers();
2110 	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
2111 }
2112 
2113 
2114 /*
2115  * count_cpus()
2116  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
2117  */
2118 int count_cpus(int cpu)
2119 {
2120 	if (topo.max_cpu_num < cpu)
2121 		topo.max_cpu_num = cpu;
2122 
2123 	topo.num_cpus += 1;
2124 	return 0;
2125 }
2126 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
2127 {
2128 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
2129 	return 0;
2130 }
2131 
2132 /*
2133  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
2134  *
2135  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
2136  *
2137  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2138  */
2139 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
2140 {
2141 	static FILE *fp;
2142 	int column, retval;
2143 
2144 	if (fp == NULL)
2145 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
2146 	else
2147 		rewind(fp);
2148 
2149 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
2150 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2151 		int cpu_number;
2152 
2153 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
2154 		if (retval != 1)
2155 			break;
2156 
2157 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
2158 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
2159 			return 1;
2160 		}
2161 
2162 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
2163 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
2164 	}
2165 
2166 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
2167 	while (1) {
2168 		int column;
2169 		char buf[64];
2170 
2171 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
2172 		if (retval != 1)
2173 			break;
2174 
2175 		/* read the count per cpu */
2176 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2177 
2178 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
2179 
2180 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
2181 			if (retval != 1)
2182 				break;
2183 
2184 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
2185 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
2186 
2187 		}
2188 
2189 		while (getc(fp) != '\n')
2190 			;	/* flush interrupt description */
2191 
2192 	}
2193 	return 0;
2194 }
2195 /*
2196  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
2197  *
2198  * record snapshot of
2199  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
2200  *
2201  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2202  */
2203 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
2204 {
2205 	FILE *fp;
2206 	int retval;
2207 
2208 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
2209 
2210 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
2211 	if (retval != 1)
2212 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
2213 
2214 	fclose(fp);
2215 
2216 	return 0;
2217 }
2218 /*
2219  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
2220  *
2221  * record snapshot of
2222  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
2223  *
2224  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2225  */
2226 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
2227 {
2228 	static FILE *fp;
2229 	int retval;
2230 
2231 	if (fp == NULL)
2232 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
2233 	else
2234 		rewind(fp);
2235 
2236 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
2237 	if (retval != 1)
2238 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
2239 
2240 	return 0;
2241 }
2242 
2243 /*
2244  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
2245  *
2246  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
2247  */
2248 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
2249 {
2250 	if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
2251 		return 1;
2252 
2253 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
2254 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
2255 
2256 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
2257 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
2258 
2259 	return 0;
2260 }
2261 
2262 void turbostat_loop()
2263 {
2264 	int retval;
2265 	int restarted = 0;
2266 
2267 restart:
2268 	restarted++;
2269 
2270 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
2271 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2272 	if (retval < -1) {
2273 		exit(retval);
2274 	} else if (retval == -1) {
2275 		if (restarted > 1) {
2276 			exit(retval);
2277 		}
2278 		re_initialize();
2279 		goto restart;
2280 	}
2281 	restarted = 0;
2282 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2283 
2284 	while (1) {
2285 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
2286 			re_initialize();
2287 			goto restart;
2288 		}
2289 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2290 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2291 			goto restart;
2292 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
2293 		if (retval < -1) {
2294 			exit(retval);
2295 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2296 			re_initialize();
2297 			goto restart;
2298 		}
2299 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2300 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
2301 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) {
2302 			re_initialize();
2303 			goto restart;
2304 		}
2305 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2306 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2307 		flush_output_stdout();
2308 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2309 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2310 			goto restart;
2311 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2312 		if (retval < -1) {
2313 			exit(retval);
2314 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2315 			re_initialize();
2316 			goto restart;
2317 		}
2318 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2319 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
2320 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) {
2321 			re_initialize();
2322 			goto restart;
2323 		}
2324 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
2325 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
2326 		flush_output_stdout();
2327 	}
2328 }
2329 
2330 void check_dev_msr()
2331 {
2332 	struct stat sb;
2333 	char pathname[32];
2334 
2335 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2336 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
2337  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
2338 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
2339 }
2340 
2341 void check_permissions()
2342 {
2343 	struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_header_data;
2344 	cap_user_header_t cap_header = &cap_header_data;
2345 	struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data_data;
2346 	cap_user_data_t cap_data = &cap_data_data;
2347 	extern int capget(cap_user_header_t hdrp, cap_user_data_t datap);
2348 	int do_exit = 0;
2349 	char pathname[32];
2350 
2351 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
2352 	cap_header->pid = getpid();
2353 	cap_header->version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION;
2354 	if (capget(cap_header, cap_data) < 0)
2355 		err(-6, "capget(2) failed");
2356 
2357 	if ((cap_data->effective & (1 << CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) == 0) {
2358 		do_exit++;
2359 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
2360 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
2361 	}
2362 
2363 	/* test file permissions */
2364 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2365 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
2366 		do_exit++;
2367 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
2368 	}
2369 
2370 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
2371 	if (do_exit)
2372 		if (getuid() != 0)
2373 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
2374 
2375 	if (do_exit)
2376 		exit(-6);
2377 }
2378 
2379 /*
2380  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
2381  *
2382  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
2383  *
2384  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
2385  * MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL     0x000000e2
2386  *
2387  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
2388  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
2389  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
2390  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
2391  *
2392  * Side effect:
2393  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL
2394  */
2395 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2396 {
2397 	unsigned long long msr;
2398 	unsigned int base_ratio;
2399 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
2400 
2401 	if (!genuine_intel)
2402 		return 0;
2403 
2404 	if (family != 6)
2405 		return 0;
2406 
2407 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
2408 
2409 	switch (model) {
2410 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EP:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
2411 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
2412 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
2413 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
2414 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EP:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
2415 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2416 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2417 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
2418 		break;
2419 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:	/* SNB */
2420 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:	/* SNB Xeon */
2421 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
2422 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
2423 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
2424 		break;
2425 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
2426 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2427 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
2428 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
2429 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
2430 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
2431 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2432 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2433 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
2434 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
2435 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
2436 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
2437 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
2438 		break;
2439 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
2440 		pkg_cstate_limits = skx_pkg_cstate_limits;
2441 		break;
2442 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
2443 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
2444 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
2445 		break;
2446 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT:	/* AMT */
2447 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2448 		break;
2449 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI */
2450 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2451 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
2452 		break;
2453 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
2454 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
2455 		pkg_cstate_limits = bxt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2456 		break;
2457 	default:
2458 		return 0;
2459 	}
2460 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr);
2461 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
2462 
2463 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2464 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2465 
2466 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
2467 	has_base_hz = 1;
2468 	return 1;
2469 }
2470 int has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2471 {
2472 	switch (model) {
2473 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
2474 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2475 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2476 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
2477 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2478 		return 0;
2479 	default:
2480 		return 1;
2481 	}
2482 }
2483 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2484 {
2485 	if (!genuine_intel)
2486 		return 0;
2487 
2488 	if (family != 6)
2489 		return 0;
2490 
2491 	switch (model) {
2492 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
2493 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
2494 		return 1;
2495 	default:
2496 		return 0;
2497 	}
2498 }
2499 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2500 {
2501 	if (!genuine_intel)
2502 		return 0;
2503 
2504 	if (family != 6)
2505 		return 0;
2506 
2507 	switch (model) {
2508 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
2509 		return 1;
2510 	default:
2511 		return 0;
2512 	}
2513 }
2514 
2515 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2516 {
2517 	if (!genuine_intel)
2518 		return 0;
2519 
2520 	if (family != 6)
2521 		return 0;
2522 
2523 	switch (model) {
2524 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
2525 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2526 		return 1;
2527 	default:
2528 		return 0;
2529 	}
2530 }
2531 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2532 {
2533 	if (!genuine_intel)
2534 		return 0;
2535 
2536 	if (family != 6)
2537 		return 0;
2538 
2539 	switch (model) {
2540 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
2541 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
2542 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2543 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
2544 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
2545 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
2546 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
2547 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2548 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2549 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
2550 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
2551 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
2552 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
2553 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
2554 
2555 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
2556 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2557 		return 1;
2558 	default:
2559 		return 0;
2560 	}
2561 }
2562 
2563 static void
2564 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2565 {
2566 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
2567 		return;
2568 
2569 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
2570 
2571 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2572 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
2573 
2574 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2575 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
2576 
2577 	if (has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2578 		dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits();
2579 
2580 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2581 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
2582 
2583 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
2584 		dump_config_tdp();
2585 
2586 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
2587 }
2588 
2589 
2590 /*
2591  * print_epb()
2592  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
2593  */
2594 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2595 {
2596 	unsigned long long msr;
2597 	char *epb_string;
2598 	int cpu;
2599 
2600 	if (!has_epb)
2601 		return 0;
2602 
2603 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2604 
2605 	/* EPB is per-package */
2606 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2607 		return 0;
2608 
2609 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2610 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2611 		return -1;
2612 	}
2613 
2614 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr))
2615 		return 0;
2616 
2617 	switch (msr & 0xF) {
2618 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
2619 		epb_string = "performance";
2620 		break;
2621 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
2622 		epb_string = "balanced";
2623 		break;
2624 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
2625 		epb_string = "powersave";
2626 		break;
2627 	default:
2628 		epb_string = "custom";
2629 		break;
2630 	}
2631 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x%08llx (%s)\n", cpu, msr, epb_string);
2632 
2633 	return 0;
2634 }
2635 /*
2636  * print_hwp()
2637  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
2638  */
2639 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2640 {
2641 	unsigned long long msr;
2642 	int cpu;
2643 
2644 	if (!has_hwp)
2645 		return 0;
2646 
2647 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2648 
2649 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
2650 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2651 		return 0;
2652 
2653 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2654 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2655 		return -1;
2656 	}
2657 
2658 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
2659 		return 0;
2660 
2661 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
2662 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
2663 
2664 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
2665 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
2666 		return 0;
2667 
2668 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
2669 		return 0;
2670 
2671 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
2672 			"(high 0x%x guar 0x%x eff 0x%x low 0x%x)\n",
2673 			cpu, msr,
2674 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
2675 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
2676 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
2677 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
2678 
2679 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
2680 		return 0;
2681 
2682 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
2683 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
2684 			cpu, msr,
2685 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2686 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2687 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2688 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2689 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
2690 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
2691 
2692 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
2693 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
2694 			return 0;
2695 
2696 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
2697 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
2698 			cpu, msr,
2699 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2700 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2701 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2702 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2703 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
2704 	}
2705 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
2706 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2707 			return 0;
2708 
2709 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
2710 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
2711 			cpu, msr,
2712 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
2713 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
2714 	}
2715 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
2716 		return 0;
2717 
2718 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
2719 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
2720 			cpu, msr,
2721 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
2722 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
2723 
2724 	return 0;
2725 }
2726 
2727 /*
2728  * print_perf_limit()
2729  */
2730 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2731 {
2732 	unsigned long long msr;
2733 	int cpu;
2734 
2735 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2736 
2737 	/* per-package */
2738 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2739 		return 0;
2740 
2741 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2742 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2743 		return -1;
2744 	}
2745 
2746 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
2747 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2748 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2749 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2750 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
2751 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
2752 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2753 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2754 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2755 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2756 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2757 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2758 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2759 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2760 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2761 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
2762 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2763 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2764 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2765 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
2766 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
2767 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2768 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2769 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2770 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2771 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2772 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2773 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2774 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2775 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2776 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
2777 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2778 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2779 
2780 	}
2781 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
2782 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2783 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2784 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2785 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2786 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2787 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2788 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2789 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2790 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2791 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2792 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2793 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2794 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2795 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2796 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2797 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2798 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2799 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2800 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2801 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2802 	}
2803 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
2804 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2805 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2806 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2807 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2808 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2809 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2810 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2811 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2812 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2813 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2814 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2815 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2816 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2817 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2818 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2819 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2820 	}
2821 	return 0;
2822 }
2823 
2824 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
2825 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
2826 
2827 double get_tdp(unsigned int model)
2828 {
2829 	unsigned long long msr;
2830 
2831 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
2832 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2833 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
2834 
2835 	switch (model) {
2836 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:
2837 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:
2838 		return 30.0;
2839 	default:
2840 		return 135.0;
2841 	}
2842 }
2843 
2844 /*
2845  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
2846  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
2847  */
2848 static double
2849 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
2850 {
2851 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
2852 
2853 	switch (model) {
2854 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2855 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2856 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2857 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
2858 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2859 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
2860 	default:
2861 		return (rapl_energy_units);
2862 	}
2863 }
2864 
2865 
2866 /*
2867  * rapl_probe()
2868  *
2869  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
2870  */
2871 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2872 {
2873 	unsigned long long msr;
2874 	unsigned int time_unit;
2875 	double tdp;
2876 
2877 	if (!genuine_intel)
2878 		return;
2879 
2880 	if (family != 6)
2881 		return;
2882 
2883 	switch (model) {
2884 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
2885 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:
2886 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
2887 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
2888 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
2889 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
2890 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
2891 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2892 		if (rapl_joules) {
2893 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
2894 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
2895 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
2896 		} else {
2897 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
2898 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
2899 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
2900 		}
2901 		break;
2902 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
2903 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2904 		if (rapl_joules)
2905 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
2906 		else
2907 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
2908 		break;
2909 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
2910 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
2911 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
2912 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
2913 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2914 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
2915 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
2916 		if (rapl_joules) {
2917 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
2918 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
2919 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
2920 		} else {
2921 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
2922 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
2923 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
2924 		}
2925 		break;
2926 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2927 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2928 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2929 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
2930 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
2931 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2932 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2933 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
2934 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
2935 		if (rapl_joules) {
2936 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
2937 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
2938 		} else {
2939 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
2940 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
2941 		}
2942 		break;
2943 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
2944 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:
2945 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2946 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
2947 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
2948 		if (rapl_joules) {
2949 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
2950 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
2951 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
2952 		} else {
2953 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
2954 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
2955 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
2956 		}
2957 		break;
2958 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
2959 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
2960 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
2961 		if (rapl_joules) {
2962 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
2963 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
2964 		} else {
2965 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
2966 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
2967 		}
2968 		break;
2969 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
2970 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
2971 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
2972 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
2973 		if (rapl_joules) {
2974 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
2975 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
2976 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
2977 		} else {
2978 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
2979 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
2980 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
2981 		}
2982 		break;
2983 	default:
2984 		return;
2985 	}
2986 
2987 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
2988 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
2989 		return;
2990 
2991 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
2992 	if (model == INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1)
2993 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
2994 	else
2995 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
2996 
2997 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
2998 
2999 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
3000 	if (time_unit == 0)
3001 		time_unit = 0xA;
3002 
3003 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
3004 
3005 	tdp = get_tdp(model);
3006 
3007 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
3008 	if (debug)
3009 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
3010 
3011 	return;
3012 }
3013 
3014 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3015 {
3016 	if (!genuine_intel)
3017 		return;
3018 
3019 	if (family != 6)
3020 		return;
3021 
3022 	switch (model) {
3023 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3024 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3025 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3026 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3027 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3028 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3029 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3030 	default:
3031 		return;
3032 	}
3033 }
3034 
3035 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3036 {
3037 	unsigned long long msr;
3038 	unsigned int dts;
3039 	int cpu;
3040 
3041 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3042 		return 0;
3043 
3044 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3045 
3046 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
3047 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
3048 		return 0;
3049 
3050 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3051 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3052 		return -1;
3053 	}
3054 
3055 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
3056 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
3057 			return 0;
3058 
3059 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3060 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3061 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
3062 
3063 #ifdef	THERM_DEBUG
3064 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3065 			return 0;
3066 
3067 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3068 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
3069 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
3070 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
3071 #endif
3072 	}
3073 
3074 
3075 	if (do_dts) {
3076 		unsigned int resolution;
3077 
3078 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
3079 			return 0;
3080 
3081 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3082 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
3083 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
3084 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
3085 
3086 #ifdef THERM_DEBUG
3087 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3088 			return 0;
3089 
3090 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3091 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
3092 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
3093 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
3094 #endif
3095 	}
3096 
3097 	return 0;
3098 }
3099 
3100 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
3101 {
3102 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
3103 		cpu, label,
3104 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3105 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
3106 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
3107 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
3108 
3109 	return;
3110 }
3111 
3112 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3113 {
3114 	unsigned long long msr;
3115 	int cpu;
3116 
3117 	if (!do_rapl)
3118 		return 0;
3119 
3120 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
3121 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3122 		return 0;
3123 
3124 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3125 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3126 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3127 		return -1;
3128 	}
3129 
3130 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
3131 		return -1;
3132 
3133 	if (debug) {
3134 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x%08llx "
3135 			"(%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr,
3136 			rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
3137 	}
3138 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
3139 
3140 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3141                 	return -5;
3142 
3143 
3144 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
3145 			cpu, msr,
3146 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3147 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3148 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3149 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
3150 
3151 	}
3152 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
3153 
3154 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3155 			return -9;
3156 
3157 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3158 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "": "UN");
3159 
3160 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
3161 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
3162 			cpu,
3163 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3164 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
3165 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
3166 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3167 	}
3168 
3169 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
3170 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3171                 	return -6;
3172 
3173 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
3174 			cpu, msr,
3175 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3176 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3177 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3178 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
3179 	}
3180 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
3181 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3182 			return -9;
3183 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3184 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
3185 
3186 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
3187 	}
3188 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
3189 		if (debug) {
3190 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
3191 				return -7;
3192 
3193 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
3194 		}
3195 	}
3196 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT) {
3197 		if (debug) {
3198 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3199 				return -9;
3200 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3201 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
3202 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
3203 		}
3204 	}
3205 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
3206 		if (debug) {
3207 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
3208 				return -8;
3209 
3210 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
3211 
3212 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3213 				return -9;
3214 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3215 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
3216 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
3217 		}
3218 	}
3219 	return 0;
3220 }
3221 
3222 /*
3223  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
3224  *
3225  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
3226  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
3227  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
3228  */
3229 
3230 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3231 {
3232 	if (!genuine_intel)
3233 		return 0;
3234 
3235 	switch (model) {
3236 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
3237 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
3238 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3239 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3240 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3241 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW */
3242 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3243 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3244 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3245 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
3246 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3247 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3248 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3249 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3250 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3251 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3252 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3253 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3254 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3255 		return 1;
3256 	}
3257 	return 0;
3258 }
3259 
3260 /*
3261  * HSW adds support for additional MSRs:
3262  *
3263  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
3264  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
3265  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
3266  *
3267  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
3268  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
3269  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
3270  *
3271  */
3272 int has_hsw_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3273 {
3274 	if (!genuine_intel)
3275 		return 0;
3276 
3277 	switch (model) {
3278 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3279 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3280 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3281 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3282 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3283 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3284 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3285 		return 1;
3286 	}
3287 	return 0;
3288 }
3289 
3290 /*
3291  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
3292  *
3293  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
3294  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
3295  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
3296  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
3297  */
3298 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3299 {
3300 	if (!genuine_intel)
3301 		return 0;
3302 
3303 	switch (model) {
3304 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3305 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3306 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3307 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3308 		return 1;
3309 	}
3310 	return 0;
3311 }
3312 
3313 
3314 
3315 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3316 {
3317 	if (!genuine_intel)
3318 		return 0;
3319 	switch (model) {
3320 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
3321 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
3322 		return 1;
3323 	}
3324 	return 0;
3325 }
3326 
3327 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3328 {
3329 	if (!genuine_intel)
3330 		return 0;
3331 	switch (model) {
3332 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3333 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3334 		return 1;
3335 	}
3336 	return 0;
3337 }
3338 
3339 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3340 {
3341 	if (is_knl(family, model))
3342 		return 1024;
3343 	return 1;
3344 }
3345 
3346 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
3347 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
3348 
3349 double slm_bclk(void)
3350 {
3351 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
3352 	unsigned int i;
3353 	double freq;
3354 
3355 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
3356 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
3357 
3358 	i = msr & 0xf;
3359 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
3360 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
3361 		i = 3;
3362 	}
3363 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
3364 
3365 	fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
3366 
3367 	return freq;
3368 }
3369 
3370 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3371 {
3372 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
3373 		return 100.00;
3374 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
3375 		return slm_bclk();
3376 	else
3377 		return 133.33;
3378 }
3379 
3380 /*
3381  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
3382  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
3383  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
3384  *
3385  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
3386  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
3387  *
3388  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
3389  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
3390  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
3391  */
3392 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3393 {
3394 	unsigned long long msr;
3395 	unsigned int target_c_local;
3396 	int cpu;
3397 
3398 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
3399 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3400 		return 0;
3401 
3402 	/* this is a per-package concept */
3403 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3404 		return 0;
3405 
3406 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3407 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3408 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3409 		return -1;
3410 	}
3411 
3412 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
3413 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
3414 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n",
3415 			cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3416 		return 0;
3417 	}
3418 
3419 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
3420 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3421 		goto guess;
3422 
3423 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
3424 		goto guess;
3425 
3426 	target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
3427 
3428 	if (debug)
3429 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3430 			cpu, msr, target_c_local);
3431 
3432 	if (!target_c_local)
3433 		goto guess;
3434 
3435 	tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local;
3436 
3437 	return 0;
3438 
3439 guess:
3440 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
3441 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n",
3442 		cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3443 
3444 	return 0;
3445 }
3446 
3447 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
3448 {
3449 	unsigned long long msr;
3450 
3451 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
3452 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
3453 			base_cpu, msr,
3454 			msr & FEATURE_CONTROL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-",
3455 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
3456 }
3457 
3458 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
3459 {
3460 	unsigned long long msr;
3461 
3462 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
3463 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%s %s %s)\n",
3464 			base_cpu, msr,
3465 			msr & (1 << 3) ? "TCC" : "",
3466 			msr & (1 << 16) ? "EIST" : "",
3467 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "MONITOR" : "");
3468 }
3469 
3470 /*
3471  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
3472  *
3473  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
3474  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
3475  * bit[1] less so...
3476  */
3477 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
3478 {
3479 	unsigned long long msr;
3480 
3481 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3482 		return;
3483 
3484 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
3485 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB %sable-OOB)\n",
3486 			base_cpu, msr,
3487 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
3488 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3489 			msr & (1 << 8) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3490 }
3491 
3492 void process_cpuid()
3493 {
3494 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level, max_extended_level;
3495 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping;
3496 
3497 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3498 
3499 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3500 
3501 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && edx == 0x49656e69 && ecx == 0x6c65746e)
3502 		genuine_intel = 1;
3503 
3504 	if (debug)
3505 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
3506 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
3507 
3508 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
3509 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
3510 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
3511 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
3512 	if (family == 6 || family == 0xf)
3513 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
3514 
3515 	if (debug) {
3516 		fprintf(outf, "%d CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
3517 			max_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
3518 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
3519 			ecx & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
3520 			ecx & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
3521 			ecx & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
3522 			ecx & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
3523 			ecx & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
3524 			edx & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
3525 			edx & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
3526 			edx & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
3527 			edx & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
3528 	}
3529 
3530 	if (!(edx & (1 << 5)))
3531 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
3532 
3533 	/*
3534 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
3535 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
3536 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
3537 	 */
3538 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3539 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3540 
3541 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
3542 
3543 		/*
3544 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
3545 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3546 		 */
3547 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3548 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
3549 	}
3550 
3551 	/*
3552 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
3553 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3554 	 */
3555 
3556 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3557 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
3558 	if (has_aperf) {
3559 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Avg_MHz);
3560 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Busy);
3561 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Bzy_MHz);
3562 	}
3563 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
3564 	if (do_dts)
3565 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CoreTmp);
3566 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
3567 	if (do_ptm)
3568 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgTmp);
3569 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
3570 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
3571 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
3572 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
3573 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
3574 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
3575 
3576 	if (debug)
3577 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
3578 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
3579 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
3580 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
3581 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
3582 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
3583 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
3584 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
3585 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
3586 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
3587 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
3588 
3589 	if (debug)
3590 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
3591 
3592 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && debug) {
3593 		int has_sgx;
3594 
3595 		ecx = 0;
3596 
3597 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3598 
3599 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
3600 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
3601 
3602 		if (has_sgx)
3603 			decode_feature_control_msr();
3604 	}
3605 
3606 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
3607 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
3608 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
3609 
3610 		/*
3611 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
3612 		 */
3613 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
3614 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
3615 
3616 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
3617 
3618 			if (debug && (ebx != 0))
3619 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
3620 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
3621 
3622 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
3623 				switch(model) {
3624 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3625 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3626 				case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3627 				case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3628 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
3629 					break;
3630 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3631 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3632 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
3633 					break;
3634 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3635 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
3636 					break;
3637 				default:
3638 					crystal_hz = 0;
3639 			}
3640 
3641 			if (crystal_hz) {
3642 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
3643 				if (debug)
3644 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
3645 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
3646 			}
3647 		}
3648 	}
3649 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
3650 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
3651 
3652 		/*
3653 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
3654 		 */
3655 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
3656 
3657 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
3658 		if (debug)
3659 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
3660 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
3661 	}
3662 
3663 	if (has_aperf)
3664 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
3665 
3666 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IRQ);
3667 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_TSC_MHz);
3668 
3669 	if (probe_nhm_msrs(family, model)) {
3670 		do_nhm_platform_info = 1;
3671 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
3672 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
3673 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c6);
3674 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SMI);
3675 	}
3676 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3677 
3678 	if (do_snb_cstates)
3679 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
3680 
3681 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3682 	do_pc2 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2);
3683 	do_pc3 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3);
3684 	do_pc6 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6);
3685 	do_pc7 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7);
3686 	do_c8_c9_c10 = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3687 	do_irtl_hsw = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3688 	do_skl_residency = has_skl_msrs(family, model);
3689 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
3690 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
3691 
3692 	if (debug)
3693 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
3694 
3695 	rapl_probe(family, model);
3696 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
3697 
3698 	if (debug)
3699 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
3700 
3701 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
3702 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
3703 
3704 	if (!access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK))
3705 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_rc6);
3706 
3707 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK))
3708 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXMHz);
3709 
3710 	return;
3711 }
3712 
3713 void help()
3714 {
3715 	fprintf(outf,
3716 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
3717 	"\n"
3718 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
3719 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
3720 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
3721 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
3722 	"--add		add a counter\n"
3723 	"		eg. --add msr0x10,u64,cpu,delta,MY_TSC\n"
3724 	"--debug	run in \"debug\" mode\n"
3725 	"--interval sec	Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
3726 	"--help		print this help message\n"
3727 	"--out file	create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
3728 	"--version	print version information\n"
3729 	"\n"
3730 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
3731 }
3732 
3733 
3734 /*
3735  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
3736  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
3737  */
3738 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
3739 {
3740 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
3741 		return 1;
3742 	else
3743 		return 0;
3744 }
3745 
3746 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
3747 {
3748 	return 0;
3749 }
3750 
3751 void topology_probe()
3752 {
3753 	int i;
3754 	int max_core_id = 0;
3755 	int max_package_id = 0;
3756 	int max_siblings = 0;
3757 	struct cpu_topology {
3758 		int core_id;
3759 		int physical_package_id;
3760 	} *cpus;
3761 
3762 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
3763 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
3764 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
3765 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
3766 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
3767 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU);
3768 
3769 	if (debug > 1)
3770 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
3771 
3772 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
3773 	if (cpus == NULL)
3774 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
3775 
3776 	/*
3777 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
3778 	 */
3779 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3780 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
3781 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3782 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3783 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3784 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
3785 
3786 	/*
3787 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
3788 	 */
3789 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3790 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
3791 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3792 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3793 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
3794 
3795 
3796 	/*
3797 	 * For online cpus
3798 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
3799 	 */
3800 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
3801 		int siblings;
3802 
3803 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
3804 			if (debug > 1)
3805 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
3806 			continue;
3807 		}
3808 		cpus[i].core_id = get_core_id(i);
3809 		if (cpus[i].core_id > max_core_id)
3810 			max_core_id = cpus[i].core_id;
3811 
3812 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
3813 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
3814 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
3815 
3816 		siblings = get_num_ht_siblings(i);
3817 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
3818 			max_siblings = siblings;
3819 		if (debug > 1)
3820 			fprintf(outf, "cpu %d pkg %d core %d\n",
3821 				i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].core_id);
3822 	}
3823 	topo.num_cores_per_pkg = max_core_id + 1;
3824 	if (debug > 1)
3825 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
3826 			max_core_id, topo.num_cores_per_pkg);
3827 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_cores_per_pkg > 1)
3828 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Core);
3829 
3830 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
3831 	if (debug > 1)
3832 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
3833 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
3834 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
3835 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Package);
3836 
3837 	topo.num_threads_per_core = max_siblings;
3838 	if (debug > 1)
3839 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
3840 
3841 	free(cpus);
3842 }
3843 
3844 void
3845 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
3846 {
3847 	int i;
3848 
3849 	*t = calloc(topo.num_threads_per_core * topo.num_cores_per_pkg *
3850 		topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct thread_data));
3851 	if (*t == NULL)
3852 		goto error;
3853 
3854 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core *
3855 		topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3856 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
3857 
3858 	*c = calloc(topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages,
3859 		sizeof(struct core_data));
3860 	if (*c == NULL)
3861 		goto error;
3862 
3863 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3864 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
3865 
3866 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
3867 	if (*p == NULL)
3868 		goto error;
3869 
3870 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
3871 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
3872 
3873 	return;
3874 error:
3875 	err(1, "calloc counters");
3876 }
3877 /*
3878  * init_counter()
3879  *
3880  * set cpu_id, core_num, pkg_num
3881  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
3882  *
3883  * increment topo.num_cores when 1st core in pkg seen
3884  */
3885 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
3886 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int thread_num, int core_num,
3887 	int pkg_num, int cpu_id)
3888 {
3889 	struct thread_data *t;
3890 	struct core_data *c;
3891 	struct pkg_data *p;
3892 
3893 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_num, core_num, pkg_num);
3894 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_num, pkg_num);
3895 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_num);
3896 
3897 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
3898 	if (thread_num == 0) {
3899 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
3900 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
3901 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
3902 	}
3903 
3904 	c->core_id = core_num;
3905 	p->package_id = pkg_num;
3906 }
3907 
3908 
3909 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
3910 {
3911 	int my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id;
3912 
3913 	my_package_id = get_physical_package_id(cpu_id);
3914 	my_core_id = get_core_id(cpu_id);
3915 	my_thread_id = get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu_id);
3916 	if (!my_thread_id)
3917 		topo.num_cores++;
3918 
3919 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
3920 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
3921 	return 0;
3922 }
3923 
3924 void allocate_output_buffer()
3925 {
3926 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 1024);
3927 	outp = output_buffer;
3928 	if (outp == NULL)
3929 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
3930 }
3931 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
3932 {
3933 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
3934 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
3935 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
3936 }
3937 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
3938 {
3939 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
3940 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
3941 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
3942 
3943 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
3944 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
3945 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num + 1);
3946 }
3947 void setup_all_buffers(void)
3948 {
3949 	topology_probe();
3950 	allocate_irq_buffers();
3951 	allocate_fd_percpu();
3952 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
3953 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
3954 	allocate_output_buffer();
3955 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
3956 }
3957 
3958 void set_base_cpu(void)
3959 {
3960 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
3961 	if (base_cpu < 0)
3962 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
3963 
3964 	if (debug > 1)
3965 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
3966 }
3967 
3968 void turbostat_init()
3969 {
3970 	setup_all_buffers();
3971 	set_base_cpu();
3972 	check_dev_msr();
3973 	check_permissions();
3974 	process_cpuid();
3975 
3976 
3977 	if (debug)
3978 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
3979 
3980 	if (debug)
3981 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
3982 
3983 	if (debug)
3984 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
3985 
3986 	if (debug)
3987 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
3988 
3989 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
3990 
3991 	if (debug)
3992 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
3993 
3994 	if (debug && do_irtl_snb)
3995 		print_irtl();
3996 }
3997 
3998 int fork_it(char **argv)
3999 {
4000 	pid_t child_pid;
4001 	int status;
4002 
4003 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
4004 	if (status)
4005 		exit(status);
4006 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
4007 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
4008 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
4009 
4010 	child_pid = fork();
4011 	if (!child_pid) {
4012 		/* child */
4013 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
4014 	} else {
4015 
4016 		/* parent */
4017 		if (child_pid == -1)
4018 			err(1, "fork");
4019 
4020 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
4021 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
4022 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
4023 			err(status, "waitpid");
4024 	}
4025 	/*
4026 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
4027 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
4028 	 */
4029 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4030 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
4031 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
4032 	if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS))
4033 		fprintf(outf, "%s: Counter reset detected\n", progname);
4034 	else {
4035 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
4036 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
4037 	}
4038 
4039 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
4040 
4041 	flush_output_stderr();
4042 
4043 	return status;
4044 }
4045 
4046 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
4047 {
4048 	int status;
4049 
4050 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4051 	if (status)
4052 		return status;
4053 
4054 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4055 	if (status)
4056 		return status;
4057 
4058 	flush_output_stdout();
4059 
4060 	return status;
4061 }
4062 
4063 void print_version() {
4064 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 4.16 24 Dec 2016"
4065 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
4066 }
4067 
4068 int add_counter(unsigned int msr_num, char *name, unsigned int width,
4069 	enum counter_scope scope, enum counter_type type,
4070 	enum counter_format format)
4071 {
4072 	struct msr_counter *msrp;
4073 
4074 	msrp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct msr_counter));
4075 	if (msrp == NULL) {
4076 		perror("calloc");
4077 		exit(1);
4078 	}
4079 
4080 	msrp->msr_num = msr_num;
4081 	strncpy(msrp->name, name, NAME_BYTES);
4082 	msrp->width = width;
4083 	msrp->type = type;
4084 	msrp->format = format;
4085 
4086 	switch (scope) {
4087 
4088 	case SCOPE_CPU:
4089 		msrp->next = sys.tp;
4090 		sys.tp = msrp;
4091 		sys.added_thread_counters++;
4092 		if (sys.added_thread_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4093 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added thread counters\n",
4094 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4095 			exit(-1);
4096 		}
4097 		break;
4098 
4099 	case SCOPE_CORE:
4100 		msrp->next = sys.cp;
4101 		sys.cp = msrp;
4102 		sys.added_core_counters++;
4103 		if (sys.added_core_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4104 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added core counters\n",
4105 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4106 			exit(-1);
4107 		}
4108 		break;
4109 
4110 	case SCOPE_PACKAGE:
4111 		msrp->next = sys.pp;
4112 		sys.pp = msrp;
4113 		sys.added_package_counters++;
4114 		if (sys.added_package_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4115 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added package counters\n",
4116 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4117 			exit(-1);
4118 		}
4119 		break;
4120 	}
4121 
4122 	return 0;
4123 }
4124 
4125 void parse_add_command(char *add_command)
4126 {
4127 	int msr_num = 0;
4128 	char name_buffer[NAME_BYTES];
4129 	int width = 64;
4130 	int fail = 0;
4131 	enum counter_scope scope = SCOPE_CPU;
4132 	enum counter_type type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
4133 	enum counter_format format = FORMAT_DELTA;
4134 
4135 	while (add_command) {
4136 
4137 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr0x%x", &msr_num) == 1)
4138 			goto next;
4139 
4140 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr%d", &msr_num) == 1)
4141 			goto next;
4142 
4143 		if (sscanf(add_command, "u%d", &width) == 1) {
4144 			if ((width == 32) || (width == 64))
4145 				goto next;
4146 			width = 64;
4147 		}
4148 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cpu", strlen("cpu"))) {
4149 			scope = SCOPE_CPU;
4150 			goto next;
4151 		}
4152 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "core", strlen("core"))) {
4153 			scope = SCOPE_CORE;
4154 			goto next;
4155 		}
4156 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "package", strlen("package"))) {
4157 			scope = SCOPE_PACKAGE;
4158 			goto next;
4159 		}
4160 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cycles", strlen("cycles"))) {
4161 			type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
4162 			goto next;
4163 		}
4164 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "seconds", strlen("seconds"))) {
4165 			type = COUNTER_SECONDS;
4166 			goto next;
4167 		}
4168 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "raw", strlen("raw"))) {
4169 			format = FORMAT_RAW;
4170 			goto next;
4171 		}
4172 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "delta", strlen("delta"))) {
4173 			format = FORMAT_DELTA;
4174 			goto next;
4175 		}
4176 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "percent", strlen("percent"))) {
4177 			format = FORMAT_PERCENT;
4178 			goto next;
4179 		}
4180 
4181 		if (sscanf(add_command, "%18s,%*s", name_buffer) == 1) {	/* 18 < NAME_BYTES */
4182 			char *eos;
4183 
4184 			eos = strchr(name_buffer, ',');
4185 			if (eos)
4186 				*eos = '\0';
4187 			goto next;
4188 		}
4189 
4190 next:
4191 		add_command = strchr(add_command, ',');
4192 		if (add_command)
4193 			add_command++;
4194 
4195 	}
4196 	if (msr_num == 0) {
4197 		fprintf(stderr, "--add: (msrDDD | msr0xXXX) required\n");
4198 		fail++;
4199 	}
4200 
4201 	/* generate default column header */
4202 	if (*name_buffer == '\0') {
4203 		if (format == FORMAT_RAW) {
4204 			if (width == 32)
4205 				sprintf(name_buffer, "msr%d", msr_num);
4206 			else
4207 				sprintf(name_buffer, "MSR%d", msr_num);
4208 		} else if (format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
4209 			if (width == 32)
4210 				sprintf(name_buffer, "cnt%d", msr_num);
4211 			else
4212 				sprintf(name_buffer, "CNT%d", msr_num);
4213 		} else if (format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
4214 			if (width == 32)
4215 				sprintf(name_buffer, "msr%d%%", msr_num);
4216 			else
4217 				sprintf(name_buffer, "MSR%d%%", msr_num);
4218 		}
4219 	}
4220 
4221 	if (add_counter(msr_num, name_buffer, width, scope, type, format))
4222 		fail++;
4223 
4224 	if (fail) {
4225 		help();
4226 		exit(1);
4227 	}
4228 }
4229 /*
4230  * HIDE_LIST - hide this list of counters, show the rest [default]
4231  * SHOW_LIST - show this list of counters, hide the rest
4232  */
4233 enum show_hide_mode { SHOW_LIST, HIDE_LIST } global_show_hide_mode = HIDE_LIST;
4234 
4235 int shown;
4236 /*
4237  * parse_show_hide() - process cmdline to set default counter action
4238  */
4239 void parse_show_hide(char *optarg, enum show_hide_mode new_mode)
4240 {
4241 	/*
4242 	 * --show: show only those specified
4243 	 *  The 1st invocation will clear and replace the enabled mask
4244 	 *  subsequent invocations can add to it.
4245 	 */
4246 	if (new_mode == SHOW_LIST) {
4247 		if (shown == 0)
4248 			bic_enabled = bic_lookup(optarg);
4249 		else
4250 			bic_enabled |= bic_lookup(optarg);
4251 		shown = 1;
4252 
4253 		return;
4254 	}
4255 
4256 	/*
4257 	 * --hide: do not show those specified
4258 	 *  multiple invocations simply clear more bits in enabled mask
4259 	 */
4260 	bic_enabled &= ~bic_lookup(optarg);
4261 }
4262 
4263 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
4264 {
4265 	int opt;
4266 	int option_index = 0;
4267 	static struct option long_options[] = {
4268 		{"add",		required_argument,	0, 'a'},
4269 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
4270 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},
4271 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
4272 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
4273 		{"hide",	required_argument,	0, 'H'},	// meh, -h taken by --help
4274 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
4275 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
4276 		{"Package",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
4277 		{"processor",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
4278 		{"show",	required_argument,	0, 's'},
4279 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
4280 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
4281 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
4282 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
4283 	};
4284 
4285 	progname = argv[0];
4286 
4287 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Ddhi:JM:m:o:PpST:v",
4288 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
4289 		switch (opt) {
4290 		case 'a':
4291 			parse_add_command(optarg);
4292 			break;
4293 		case 'D':
4294 			dump_only++;
4295 			break;
4296 		case 'd':
4297 			debug++;
4298 			break;
4299 		case 'H':
4300 			parse_show_hide(optarg, HIDE_LIST);
4301 			break;
4302 		case 'h':
4303 		default:
4304 			help();
4305 			exit(1);
4306 		case 'i':
4307 			{
4308 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
4309 
4310 				if (interval < 0.001) {
4311 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
4312 						interval);
4313 					exit(2);
4314 				}
4315 
4316 				interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
4317 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
4318 			}
4319 			break;
4320 		case 'J':
4321 			rapl_joules++;
4322 			break;
4323 		case 'o':
4324 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
4325 			break;
4326 		case 'P':
4327 			show_pkg_only++;
4328 			break;
4329 		case 'p':
4330 			show_core_only++;
4331 			break;
4332 		case 's':
4333 			parse_show_hide(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
4334 			break;
4335 		case 'S':
4336 			summary_only++;
4337 			break;
4338 		case 'T':
4339 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
4340 			break;
4341 		case 'v':
4342 			print_version();
4343 			exit(0);
4344 			break;
4345 		}
4346 	}
4347 }
4348 
4349 int main(int argc, char **argv)
4350 {
4351 	outf = stderr;
4352 
4353 	cmdline(argc, argv);
4354 
4355 	if (debug)
4356 		print_version();
4357 
4358 	turbostat_init();
4359 
4360 	/* dump counters and exit */
4361 	if (dump_only)
4362 		return get_and_dump_counters();
4363 
4364 	/*
4365 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
4366 	 */
4367 	if (argc - optind)
4368 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
4369 	else
4370 		turbostat_loop();
4371 
4372 	return 0;
4373 }
4374