1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
4  * on modern Intel and AMD processors.
5  *
6  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
7  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
8  */
9 
10 #define _GNU_SOURCE
11 #include MSRHEADER
12 #include INTEL_FAMILY_HEADER
13 #include <stdarg.h>
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <err.h>
16 #include <unistd.h>
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/wait.h>
19 #include <sys/stat.h>
20 #include <sys/select.h>
21 #include <sys/resource.h>
22 #include <fcntl.h>
23 #include <signal.h>
24 #include <sys/time.h>
25 #include <stdlib.h>
26 #include <getopt.h>
27 #include <dirent.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 #include <ctype.h>
30 #include <sched.h>
31 #include <time.h>
32 #include <cpuid.h>
33 #include <sys/capability.h>
34 #include <errno.h>
35 #include <math.h>
36 
37 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
38 FILE *outf;
39 int *fd_percpu;
40 struct timeval interval_tv = {5, 0};
41 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
42 unsigned int num_iterations;
43 unsigned int debug;
44 unsigned int quiet;
45 unsigned int shown;
46 unsigned int sums_need_wide_columns;
47 unsigned int rapl_joules;
48 unsigned int summary_only;
49 unsigned int list_header_only;
50 unsigned int dump_only;
51 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
52 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
53 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
54 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
55 unsigned int has_aperf;
56 unsigned int has_epb;
57 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
58 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
59 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
60 unsigned int genuine_intel;
61 unsigned int authentic_amd;
62 unsigned int hygon_genuine;
63 unsigned int max_level, max_extended_level;
64 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
65 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
66 unsigned int no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT;
67 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
68 double bclk;
69 double base_hz;
70 unsigned int has_base_hz;
71 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
72 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
73 unsigned int show_core_only;
74 char *output_buffer, *outp;
75 unsigned int do_rapl;
76 unsigned int do_dts;
77 unsigned int do_ptm;
78 unsigned long long  gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
79 unsigned long long cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us;
80 unsigned long long cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us;
81 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
82 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
83 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
84 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
85 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
86 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
87 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
88 unsigned int has_automatic_cstate_conversion;
89 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
90 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
91 unsigned int crystal_hz;
92 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
93 int base_cpu;
94 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
95 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
96 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
97 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
98 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
99 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
100 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
101 unsigned int has_misc_feature_control;
102 unsigned int first_counter_read = 1;
103 int ignore_stdin;
104 
105 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
106 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
107 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
108 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
109 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
110 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
111 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
112 
113 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
114 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
115 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
116 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
117 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
118 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
119 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
120 
121 #define RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT	(1 << 6)
122 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
123 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
124 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
125 
126 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
127 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
128 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
129 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
130 
131 #define RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS	(1 << 9)
132 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
133 #define RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY	(1 << 10)
134 					/* Indicates cores energy collection is per-core,
135 					 * not per-package. */
136 #define RAPL_AMD_F17H		(1 << 11)
137 					/* 0xc0010299 MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT */
138 					/* 0xc001029a MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT */
139 					/* 0xc001029b MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT */
140 #define RAPL_CORES (RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS | RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT)
141 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
142 
143 /* MSRs that are not yet in the kernel-provided header. */
144 #define MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT	0xc0010299
145 #define MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT	0xc001029a
146 #define MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT	0xc001029b
147 
148 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
149 
150 /*
151  * buffer size used by sscanf() for added column names
152  * Usually truncated to 7 characters, but also handles 18 columns for raw 64-bit counters
153  */
154 #define	NAME_BYTES 20
155 #define PATH_BYTES 128
156 
157 int backwards_count;
158 char *progname;
159 
160 #define CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS	1024	/* need to use before probe... */
161 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set, *cpu_subset;
162 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_subset_size;
163 #define MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS 8
164 #define MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS 24
165 #define BITMASK_SIZE 32
166 
167 struct thread_data {
168 	struct timeval tv_begin;
169 	struct timeval tv_end;
170 	struct timeval tv_delta;
171 	unsigned long long tsc;
172 	unsigned long long aperf;
173 	unsigned long long mperf;
174 	unsigned long long c1;
175 	unsigned long long  irq_count;
176 	unsigned int smi_count;
177 	unsigned int cpu_id;
178 	unsigned int apic_id;
179 	unsigned int x2apic_id;
180 	unsigned int flags;
181 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
182 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
183 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS];
184 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
185 
186 struct core_data {
187 	unsigned long long c3;
188 	unsigned long long c6;
189 	unsigned long long c7;
190 	unsigned long long mc6_us;	/* duplicate as per-core for now, even though per module */
191 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
192 	unsigned int core_energy;	/* MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT */
193 	unsigned int core_id;
194 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
195 } *core_even, *core_odd;
196 
197 struct pkg_data {
198 	unsigned long long pc2;
199 	unsigned long long pc3;
200 	unsigned long long pc6;
201 	unsigned long long pc7;
202 	unsigned long long pc8;
203 	unsigned long long pc9;
204 	unsigned long long pc10;
205 	unsigned long long cpu_lpi;
206 	unsigned long long sys_lpi;
207 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
208 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
209 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
210 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
211 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
212 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
213 	unsigned int package_id;
214 	unsigned int energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
215 	unsigned int energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
216 	unsigned int energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
217 	unsigned int energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
218 	unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
219 	unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
220 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
221 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
222 } *package_even, *package_odd;
223 
224 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
225 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
226 
227 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no)	      \
228 	((thread_base) +						      \
229 	 ((pkg_no) *							      \
230 	  topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.cores_per_node * topo.threads_per_core) + \
231 	 ((node_no) * topo.cores_per_node * topo.threads_per_core) +	      \
232 	 ((core_no) * topo.threads_per_core) +				      \
233 	 (thread_no))
234 
235 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, node_no, pkg_no)			\
236 	((core_base) +							\
237 	 ((pkg_no) *  topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.cores_per_node) +	\
238 	 ((node_no) * topo.cores_per_node) +				\
239 	 (core_no))
240 
241 
242 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
243 
244 enum counter_scope {SCOPE_CPU, SCOPE_CORE, SCOPE_PACKAGE};
245 enum counter_type {COUNTER_ITEMS, COUNTER_CYCLES, COUNTER_SECONDS, COUNTER_USEC};
246 enum counter_format {FORMAT_RAW, FORMAT_DELTA, FORMAT_PERCENT};
247 
248 struct msr_counter {
249 	unsigned int msr_num;
250 	char name[NAME_BYTES];
251 	char path[PATH_BYTES];
252 	unsigned int width;
253 	enum counter_type type;
254 	enum counter_format format;
255 	struct msr_counter *next;
256 	unsigned int flags;
257 #define	FLAGS_HIDE	(1 << 0)
258 #define	FLAGS_SHOW	(1 << 1)
259 #define	SYSFS_PERCPU	(1 << 1)
260 };
261 
262 struct sys_counters {
263 	unsigned int added_thread_counters;
264 	unsigned int added_core_counters;
265 	unsigned int added_package_counters;
266 	struct msr_counter *tp;
267 	struct msr_counter *cp;
268 	struct msr_counter *pp;
269 } sys;
270 
271 struct system_summary {
272 	struct thread_data threads;
273 	struct core_data cores;
274 	struct pkg_data packages;
275 } average;
276 
277 struct cpu_topology {
278 	int physical_package_id;
279 	int die_id;
280 	int logical_cpu_id;
281 	int physical_node_id;
282 	int logical_node_id;	/* 0-based count within the package */
283 	int physical_core_id;
284 	int thread_id;
285 	cpu_set_t *put_ids; /* Processing Unit/Thread IDs */
286 } *cpus;
287 
288 struct topo_params {
289 	int num_packages;
290 	int num_die;
291 	int num_cpus;
292 	int num_cores;
293 	int max_cpu_num;
294 	int max_node_num;
295 	int nodes_per_pkg;
296 	int cores_per_node;
297 	int threads_per_core;
298 } topo;
299 
300 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
301 
302 int *irq_column_2_cpu;	/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
303 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
304 
305 void setup_all_buffers(void);
306 
307 char *sys_lpi_file;
308 char *sys_lpi_file_sysfs = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_system_residency_us";
309 char *sys_lpi_file_debugfs = "/sys/kernel/debug/pmc_core/slp_s0_residency_usec";
310 
311 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
312 {
313 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
314 }
315 /*
316  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
317  * skip non-present cpus
318  */
319 
320 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
321 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
322 {
323 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no, node_no;
324 
325 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
326 		for (node_no = 0; node_no < topo.nodes_per_pkg; node_no++) {
327 			for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.cores_per_node; ++core_no) {
328 				for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
329 					topo.threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
330 					struct thread_data *t;
331 					struct core_data *c;
332 					struct pkg_data *p;
333 
334 					t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no,
335 						       core_no, node_no,
336 						       pkg_no);
337 
338 					if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
339 						continue;
340 
341 					c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no,
342 						     node_no, pkg_no);
343 					p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
344 
345 					retval = func(t, c, p);
346 					if (retval)
347 						return retval;
348 				}
349 			}
350 		}
351 	}
352 	return 0;
353 }
354 
355 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
356 {
357 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
358 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
359 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
360 		return -1;
361 	else
362 		return 0;
363 }
364 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
365 {
366 	char pathname[32];
367 	int fd;
368 
369 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
370 
371 	if (fd)
372 		return fd;
373 
374 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
375 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
376 	if (fd < 0)
377 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
378 
379 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
380 
381 	return fd;
382 }
383 
384 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
385 {
386 	ssize_t retval;
387 
388 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
389 
390 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
391 		err(-1, "cpu%d: msr offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
392 
393 	return 0;
394 }
395 
396 /*
397  * This list matches the column headers, except
398  * 1. built-in only, the sysfs counters are not here -- we learn of those at run-time
399  * 2. Core and CPU are moved to the end, we can't have strings that contain them
400  *    matching on them for --show and --hide.
401  */
402 struct msr_counter bic[] = {
403 	{ 0x0, "usec" },
404 	{ 0x0, "Time_Of_Day_Seconds" },
405 	{ 0x0, "Package" },
406 	{ 0x0, "Node" },
407 	{ 0x0, "Avg_MHz" },
408 	{ 0x0, "Busy%" },
409 	{ 0x0, "Bzy_MHz" },
410 	{ 0x0, "TSC_MHz" },
411 	{ 0x0, "IRQ" },
412 	{ 0x0, "SMI", "", 32, 0, FORMAT_DELTA, NULL},
413 	{ 0x0, "sysfs" },
414 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c1" },
415 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c3" },
416 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c6" },
417 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c7" },
418 	{ 0x0, "ThreadC" },
419 	{ 0x0, "CoreTmp" },
420 	{ 0x0, "CoreCnt" },
421 	{ 0x0, "PkgTmp" },
422 	{ 0x0, "GFX%rc6" },
423 	{ 0x0, "GFXMHz" },
424 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc2" },
425 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc3" },
426 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc6" },
427 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc7" },
428 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc8" },
429 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc9" },
430 	{ 0x0, "Pk%pc10" },
431 	{ 0x0, "CPU%LPI" },
432 	{ 0x0, "SYS%LPI" },
433 	{ 0x0, "PkgWatt" },
434 	{ 0x0, "CorWatt" },
435 	{ 0x0, "GFXWatt" },
436 	{ 0x0, "PkgCnt" },
437 	{ 0x0, "RAMWatt" },
438 	{ 0x0, "PKG_%" },
439 	{ 0x0, "RAM_%" },
440 	{ 0x0, "Pkg_J" },
441 	{ 0x0, "Cor_J" },
442 	{ 0x0, "GFX_J" },
443 	{ 0x0, "RAM_J" },
444 	{ 0x0, "Mod%c6" },
445 	{ 0x0, "Totl%C0" },
446 	{ 0x0, "Any%C0" },
447 	{ 0x0, "GFX%C0" },
448 	{ 0x0, "CPUGFX%" },
449 	{ 0x0, "Core" },
450 	{ 0x0, "CPU" },
451 	{ 0x0, "APIC" },
452 	{ 0x0, "X2APIC" },
453 	{ 0x0, "Die" },
454 };
455 
456 #define MAX_BIC (sizeof(bic) / sizeof(struct msr_counter))
457 #define	BIC_USEC	(1ULL << 0)
458 #define	BIC_TOD		(1ULL << 1)
459 #define	BIC_Package	(1ULL << 2)
460 #define	BIC_Node	(1ULL << 3)
461 #define	BIC_Avg_MHz	(1ULL << 4)
462 #define	BIC_Busy	(1ULL << 5)
463 #define	BIC_Bzy_MHz	(1ULL << 6)
464 #define	BIC_TSC_MHz	(1ULL << 7)
465 #define	BIC_IRQ		(1ULL << 8)
466 #define	BIC_SMI		(1ULL << 9)
467 #define	BIC_sysfs	(1ULL << 10)
468 #define	BIC_CPU_c1	(1ULL << 11)
469 #define	BIC_CPU_c3	(1ULL << 12)
470 #define	BIC_CPU_c6	(1ULL << 13)
471 #define	BIC_CPU_c7	(1ULL << 14)
472 #define	BIC_ThreadC	(1ULL << 15)
473 #define	BIC_CoreTmp	(1ULL << 16)
474 #define	BIC_CoreCnt	(1ULL << 17)
475 #define	BIC_PkgTmp	(1ULL << 18)
476 #define	BIC_GFX_rc6	(1ULL << 19)
477 #define	BIC_GFXMHz	(1ULL << 20)
478 #define	BIC_Pkgpc2	(1ULL << 21)
479 #define	BIC_Pkgpc3	(1ULL << 22)
480 #define	BIC_Pkgpc6	(1ULL << 23)
481 #define	BIC_Pkgpc7	(1ULL << 24)
482 #define	BIC_Pkgpc8	(1ULL << 25)
483 #define	BIC_Pkgpc9	(1ULL << 26)
484 #define	BIC_Pkgpc10	(1ULL << 27)
485 #define BIC_CPU_LPI	(1ULL << 28)
486 #define BIC_SYS_LPI	(1ULL << 29)
487 #define	BIC_PkgWatt	(1ULL << 30)
488 #define	BIC_CorWatt	(1ULL << 31)
489 #define	BIC_GFXWatt	(1ULL << 32)
490 #define	BIC_PkgCnt	(1ULL << 33)
491 #define	BIC_RAMWatt	(1ULL << 34)
492 #define	BIC_PKG__	(1ULL << 35)
493 #define	BIC_RAM__	(1ULL << 36)
494 #define	BIC_Pkg_J	(1ULL << 37)
495 #define	BIC_Cor_J	(1ULL << 38)
496 #define	BIC_GFX_J	(1ULL << 39)
497 #define	BIC_RAM_J	(1ULL << 40)
498 #define	BIC_Mod_c6	(1ULL << 41)
499 #define	BIC_Totl_c0	(1ULL << 42)
500 #define	BIC_Any_c0	(1ULL << 43)
501 #define	BIC_GFX_c0	(1ULL << 44)
502 #define	BIC_CPUGFX	(1ULL << 45)
503 #define	BIC_Core	(1ULL << 46)
504 #define	BIC_CPU		(1ULL << 47)
505 #define	BIC_APIC	(1ULL << 48)
506 #define	BIC_X2APIC	(1ULL << 49)
507 #define	BIC_Die		(1ULL << 50)
508 
509 #define BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT	(BIC_USEC | BIC_TOD | BIC_APIC | BIC_X2APIC)
510 
511 unsigned long long bic_enabled = (0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL & ~BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
512 unsigned long long bic_present = BIC_USEC | BIC_TOD | BIC_sysfs | BIC_APIC | BIC_X2APIC;
513 
514 #define DO_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled & bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
515 #define DO_BIC_READ(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
516 #define ENABLE_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled |= COUNTER_NAME)
517 #define BIC_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present |= COUNTER_BIT)
518 #define BIC_NOT_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present &= ~COUNTER_BIT)
519 
520 
521 #define MAX_DEFERRED 16
522 char *deferred_skip_names[MAX_DEFERRED];
523 int deferred_skip_index;
524 
525 /*
526  * HIDE_LIST - hide this list of counters, show the rest [default]
527  * SHOW_LIST - show this list of counters, hide the rest
528  */
529 enum show_hide_mode { SHOW_LIST, HIDE_LIST } global_show_hide_mode = HIDE_LIST;
530 
531 void help(void)
532 {
533 	fprintf(outf,
534 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
535 	"\n"
536 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
537 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
538 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
539 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
540 	"  -a, --add	add a counter\n"
541 	"		  eg. --add msr0x10,u64,cpu,delta,MY_TSC\n"
542 	"  -c, --cpu	cpu-set	limit output to summary plus cpu-set:\n"
543 	"		  {core | package | j,k,l..m,n-p }\n"
544 	"  -d, --debug	displays usec, Time_Of_Day_Seconds and more debugging\n"
545 	"  -D, --Dump	displays the raw counter values\n"
546 	"  -e, --enable	[all | column]\n"
547 	"		shows all or the specified disabled column\n"
548 	"  -H, --hide [column|column,column,...]\n"
549 	"		hide the specified column(s)\n"
550 	"  -i, --interval sec.subsec\n"
551 	"		Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
552 	"  -J, --Joules	displays energy in Joules instead of Watts\n"
553 	"  -l, --list	list column headers only\n"
554 	"  -n, --num_iterations num\n"
555 	"		number of the measurement iterations\n"
556 	"  -o, --out file\n"
557 	"		create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
558 	"  -q, --quiet	skip decoding system configuration header\n"
559 	"  -s, --show [column|column,column,...]\n"
560 	"		show only the specified column(s)\n"
561 	"  -S, --Summary\n"
562 	"		limits output to 1-line system summary per interval\n"
563 	"  -T, --TCC temperature\n"
564 	"		sets the Thermal Control Circuit temperature in\n"
565 	"		  degrees Celsius\n"
566 	"  -h, --help	print this help message\n"
567 	"  -v, --version	print version information\n"
568 	"\n"
569 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
570 }
571 
572 /*
573  * bic_lookup
574  * for all the strings in comma separate name_list,
575  * set the approprate bit in return value.
576  */
577 unsigned long long bic_lookup(char *name_list, enum show_hide_mode mode)
578 {
579 	int i;
580 	unsigned long long retval = 0;
581 
582 	while (name_list) {
583 		char *comma;
584 
585 		comma = strchr(name_list, ',');
586 
587 		if (comma)
588 			*comma = '\0';
589 
590 		if (!strcmp(name_list, "all"))
591 			return ~0;
592 
593 		for (i = 0; i < MAX_BIC; ++i) {
594 			if (!strcmp(name_list, bic[i].name)) {
595 				retval |= (1ULL << i);
596 				break;
597 			}
598 		}
599 		if (i == MAX_BIC) {
600 			if (mode == SHOW_LIST) {
601 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid counter name: %s\n", name_list);
602 				exit(-1);
603 			}
604 			deferred_skip_names[deferred_skip_index++] = name_list;
605 			if (debug)
606 				fprintf(stderr, "deferred \"%s\"\n", name_list);
607 			if (deferred_skip_index >= MAX_DEFERRED) {
608 				fprintf(stderr, "More than max %d un-recognized --skip options '%s'\n",
609 					MAX_DEFERRED, name_list);
610 				help();
611 				exit(1);
612 			}
613 		}
614 
615 		name_list = comma;
616 		if (name_list)
617 			name_list++;
618 
619 	}
620 	return retval;
621 }
622 
623 
624 void print_header(char *delim)
625 {
626 	struct msr_counter *mp;
627 	int printed = 0;
628 
629 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_USEC))
630 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%susec", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
631 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TOD))
632 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTime_Of_Day_Seconds", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
633 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
634 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPackage", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
635 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die))
636 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sDie", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
637 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node))
638 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sNode", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
639 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
640 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCore", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
641 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
642 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
643 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
644 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAPIC", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
645 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
646 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sX2APIC", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
647 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
648 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAvg_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
649 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
650 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBusy%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
651 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz))
652 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBzy_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
653 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
654 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTSC_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
655 
656 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
657 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
658 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s     IRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
659 		else
660 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sIRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
661 	}
662 
663 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
664 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSMI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
665 
666 	for (mp = sys.tp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
667 
668 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
669 			if (mp->width == 64)
670 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
671 			else
672 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
673 		} else {
674 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
675 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
676 			else
677 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
678 		}
679 	}
680 
681 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
682 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c1", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
683 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3))
684 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
685 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
686 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
687 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
688 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
689 
690 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
691 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sMod%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
692 
693 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
694 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCoreTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
695 
696 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
697 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
698 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCorWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
699 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
700 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
701 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCor_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
702 	}
703 
704 	for (mp = sys.cp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
705 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
706 			if (mp->width == 64)
707 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
708 			else
709 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
710 		} else {
711 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
712 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
713 			else
714 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
715 		}
716 	}
717 
718 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
719 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
720 
721 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
722 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%rc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
723 
724 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
725 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXMHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
726 
727 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
728 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTotl%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
729 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
730 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAny%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
731 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
732 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
733 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
734 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPUGFX%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
735 
736 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
737 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc2", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
738 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
739 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
740 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
741 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
742 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
743 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
744 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
745 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc8", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
746 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
747 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc9", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
748 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
749 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPk%%pc10", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
750 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
751 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%LPI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
752 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
753 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSYS%%LPI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
754 
755 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
756 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
757 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
758 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
759 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCorWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
760 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
761 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
762 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
763 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAMWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
764 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
765 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
766 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
767 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
768 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
769 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
770 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
771 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
772 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCor_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
773 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
774 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
775 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
776 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
777 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
778 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
779 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
780 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
781 	}
782 	for (mp = sys.pp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
783 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
784 			if (mp->width == 64)
785 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
786 			else
787 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
788 		} else {
789 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
790 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
791 			else
792 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
793 		}
794 	}
795 
796 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
797 }
798 
799 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
800 	struct pkg_data *p)
801 {
802 	int i;
803 	struct msr_counter *mp;
804 
805 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
806 
807 	if (t) {
808 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
809 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
810 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
811 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
812 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
813 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
814 
815 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
816 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %lld\n", t->irq_count);
817 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
818 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %d\n", t->smi_count);
819 
820 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
821 			outp += sprintf(outp, "tADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
822 				i, mp->msr_num, t->counter[i]);
823 		}
824 	}
825 
826 	if (c) {
827 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
828 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
829 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
830 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
831 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
832 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules: %0X\n", c->core_energy);
833 
834 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
835 			outp += sprintf(outp, "cADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
836 				i, mp->msr_num, c->counter[i]);
837 		}
838 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mc6_us: %016llX\n", c->mc6_us);
839 	}
840 
841 	if (p) {
842 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
843 
844 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
845 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
846 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
847 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
848 
849 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
850 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
851 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
852 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
853 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
854 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
855 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
856 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
857 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
858 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
859 		outp += sprintf(outp, "cpu_lpi: %016llX\n", p->cpu_lpi);
860 		outp += sprintf(outp, "sys_lpi: %016llX\n", p->sys_lpi);
861 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg);
862 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores);
863 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx);
864 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram);
865 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n",
866 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
867 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n",
868 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
869 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
870 
871 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
872 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
873 				i, mp->msr_num, p->counter[i]);
874 		}
875 	}
876 
877 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
878 
879 	return 0;
880 }
881 
882 /*
883  * column formatting convention & formats
884  */
885 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
886 	struct pkg_data *p)
887 {
888 	double interval_float, tsc;
889 	char *fmt8;
890 	int i;
891 	struct msr_counter *mp;
892 	char *delim = "\t";
893 	int printed = 0;
894 
895 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
896 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
897 		return 0;
898 
899 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
900 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
901 		return 0;
902 
903 	/*if not summary line and --cpu is used */
904 	if ((t != &average.threads) &&
905 		(cpu_subset && !CPU_ISSET_S(t->cpu_id, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset)))
906 		return 0;
907 
908 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_USEC)) {
909 		/* on each row, print how many usec each timestamp took to gather */
910 		struct timeval tv;
911 
912 		timersub(&t->tv_end, &t->tv_begin, &tv);
913 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%5ld\t", tv.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv.tv_usec);
914 	}
915 
916 	/* Time_Of_Day_Seconds: on each row, print sec.usec last timestamp taken */
917 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TOD))
918 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%10ld.%06ld\t", t->tv_end.tv_sec, t->tv_end.tv_usec);
919 
920 	interval_float = t->tv_delta.tv_sec + t->tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
921 
922 	tsc = t->tsc * tsc_tweak;
923 
924 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
925 	if (t == &average.threads) {
926 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
927 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
928 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die))
929 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
930 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node))
931 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
932 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
933 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
934 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
935 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
936 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
937 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
938 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
939 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
940 	} else {
941 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package)) {
942 			if (p)
943 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->package_id);
944 			else
945 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
946 		}
947 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die)) {
948 			if (c)
949 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), cpus[t->cpu_id].die_id);
950 			else
951 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
952 		}
953 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node)) {
954 			if (t)
955 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d",
956 						(printed++ ? delim : ""),
957 					      cpus[t->cpu_id].physical_node_id);
958 			else
959 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-",
960 						(printed++ ? delim : ""));
961 		}
962 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core)) {
963 			if (c)
964 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_id);
965 			else
966 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
967 		}
968 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
969 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->cpu_id);
970 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
971 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->apic_id);
972 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
973 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->x2apic_id);
974 	}
975 
976 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
977 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
978 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
979 
980 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
981 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->mperf/tsc);
982 
983 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
984 		if (has_base_hz)
985 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
986 		else
987 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
988 				tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
989 	}
990 
991 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
992 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
993 
994 	/* IRQ */
995 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
996 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
997 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
998 		else
999 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
1000 	}
1001 
1002 	/* SMI */
1003 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1004 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->smi_count);
1005 
1006 	/* Added counters */
1007 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1008 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1009 			if (mp->width == 32)
1010 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) t->counter[i]);
1011 			else
1012 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1013 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1014 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1015 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1016 			else
1017 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1018 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1019 			if (mp->type == COUNTER_USEC)
1020 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]/interval_float/10000);
1021 			else
1022 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->counter[i]/tsc);
1023 		}
1024 	}
1025 
1026 	/* C1 */
1027 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
1028 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->c1/tsc);
1029 
1030 
1031 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
1032 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1033 		goto done;
1034 
1035 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3))
1036 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c3/tsc);
1037 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
1038 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c6/tsc);
1039 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
1040 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c7/tsc);
1041 
1042 	/* Mod%c6 */
1043 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
1044 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->mc6_us / tsc);
1045 
1046 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
1047 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_temp_c);
1048 
1049 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1050 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1051 			if (mp->width == 32)
1052 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) c->counter[i]);
1053 			else
1054 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1055 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1056 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1057 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1058 			else
1059 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1060 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1061 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->counter[i]/tsc);
1062 		}
1063 	}
1064 
1065 	/*
1066 	 * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range,
1067 	 * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place.
1068 	 */
1069 	if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range)
1070 		fmt8 = "%s%.2f";
1071 	else
1072 		fmt8 = "%6.0f**";
1073 
1074 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1075 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_energy * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1076 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1077 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_energy * rapl_energy_units);
1078 
1079 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
1080 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1081 		goto done;
1082 
1083 	/* PkgTmp */
1084 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
1085 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->pkg_temp_c);
1086 
1087 	/* GFXrc6 */
1088 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6)) {
1089 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect GFX counter reset */
1090 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s**.**", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1091 		} else {
1092 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1093 				p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
1094 		}
1095 	}
1096 
1097 	/* GFXMHz */
1098 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
1099 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->gfx_mhz);
1100 
1101 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
1102 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1103 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/tsc);
1104 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1105 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/tsc);
1106 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1107 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/tsc);
1108 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1109 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/tsc);
1110 
1111 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
1112 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc2/tsc);
1113 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1114 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc3/tsc);
1115 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1116 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc6/tsc);
1117 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1118 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc7/tsc);
1119 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
1120 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc8/tsc);
1121 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
1122 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc9/tsc);
1123 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
1124 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc10/tsc);
1125 
1126 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
1127 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->cpu_lpi / 1000000.0 / interval_float);
1128 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
1129 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->sys_lpi / 1000000.0 / interval_float);
1130 
1131 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
1132 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1133 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1134 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1135 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
1136 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1137 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
1138 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
1139 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
1140 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
1141 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1142 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
1143 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
1144 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
1145 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
1146 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
1147 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
1148 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
1149 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
1150 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
1151 
1152 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1153 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1154 			if (mp->width == 32)
1155 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) p->counter[i]);
1156 			else
1157 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1158 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1159 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1160 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1161 			else
1162 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1163 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1164 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->counter[i]/tsc);
1165 		}
1166 	}
1167 
1168 done:
1169 	if (*(outp - 1) != '\n')
1170 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
1171 
1172 	return 0;
1173 }
1174 
1175 void flush_output_stdout(void)
1176 {
1177 	FILE *filep;
1178 
1179 	if (outf == stderr)
1180 		filep = stdout;
1181 	else
1182 		filep = outf;
1183 
1184 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
1185 	fflush(filep);
1186 
1187 	outp = output_buffer;
1188 }
1189 void flush_output_stderr(void)
1190 {
1191 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
1192 	fflush(outf);
1193 	outp = output_buffer;
1194 }
1195 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1196 {
1197 	static int printed;
1198 
1199 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
1200 		print_header("\t");
1201 
1202 	format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1203 
1204 	printed = 1;
1205 
1206 	if (summary_only)
1207 		return;
1208 
1209 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
1210 }
1211 
1212 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
1213 	if (new > old) {			\
1214 		old = new - old;		\
1215 	} else {				\
1216 		old = 0x100000000 + new - old;	\
1217 	}
1218 
1219 int
1220 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
1221 {
1222 	int i;
1223 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1224 
1225 
1226 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1227 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1228 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1229 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
1230 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1231 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1232 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1233 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1234 
1235 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
1236 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1237 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
1238 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1239 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
1240 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1241 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
1242 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
1243 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
1244 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
1245 	old->cpu_lpi = new->cpu_lpi - old->cpu_lpi;
1246 	old->sys_lpi = new->sys_lpi - old->sys_lpi;
1247 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
1248 
1249 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
1250 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms >  new->gfx_rc6_ms)
1251 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
1252 	else
1253 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
1254 
1255 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
1256 
1257 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg);
1258 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
1259 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
1260 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
1261 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
1262 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
1263 
1264 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1265 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1266 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1267 		else
1268 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1269 	}
1270 
1271 	return 0;
1272 }
1273 
1274 void
1275 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
1276 {
1277 	int i;
1278 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1279 
1280 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
1281 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
1282 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
1283 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
1284 	old->mc6_us = new->mc6_us - old->mc6_us;
1285 
1286 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->core_energy, old->core_energy);
1287 
1288 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1289 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1290 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1291 		else
1292 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1293 	}
1294 }
1295 
1296 int soft_c1_residency_display(int bic)
1297 {
1298 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) || use_c1_residency_msr)
1299 		return 0;
1300 
1301 	return DO_BIC_READ(bic);
1302 }
1303 
1304 /*
1305  * old = new - old
1306  */
1307 int
1308 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
1309 	struct core_data *core_delta)
1310 {
1311 	int i;
1312 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1313 
1314 	/* we run cpuid just the 1st time, copy the results */
1315 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1316 		new->apic_id = old->apic_id;
1317 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1318 		new->x2apic_id = old->x2apic_id;
1319 
1320 	/*
1321 	 * the timestamps from start of measurement interval are in "old"
1322 	 * the timestamp from end of measurement interval are in "new"
1323 	 * over-write old w/ new so we can print end of interval values
1324 	 */
1325 
1326 	timersub(&new->tv_begin, &old->tv_begin, &old->tv_delta);
1327 	old->tv_begin = new->tv_begin;
1328 	old->tv_end = new->tv_end;
1329 
1330 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
1331 
1332 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
1333 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
1334 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
1335 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
1336 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
1337 
1338 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
1339 
1340 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz) ||
1341 	    soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_Avg_MHz)) {
1342 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
1343 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
1344 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
1345 		} else {
1346 			return -1;
1347 		}
1348 	}
1349 
1350 
1351 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1352 		/*
1353 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
1354 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
1355 		 */
1356 	} else {
1357 		/*
1358 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
1359 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
1360 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
1361 		 */
1362 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > (old->tsc * tsc_tweak))
1363 			old->c1 = 0;
1364 		else {
1365 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
1366 			old->c1 = (old->tsc * tsc_tweak) - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
1367 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
1368 		}
1369 	}
1370 
1371 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
1372 		if (debug > 1)
1373 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
1374 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
1375 	}
1376 
1377 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1378 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
1379 
1380 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1381 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
1382 
1383 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1384 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1385 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1386 		else
1387 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1388 	}
1389 	return 0;
1390 }
1391 
1392 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1393 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
1394 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
1395 {
1396 	int retval = 0;
1397 
1398 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
1399 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
1400 		delta_core(c, c2);
1401 
1402 	/* always calculate thread delta */
1403 	retval = delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
1404 	if (retval)
1405 		return retval;
1406 
1407 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
1408 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
1409 		retval = delta_package(p, p2);
1410 
1411 	return retval;
1412 }
1413 
1414 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1415 {
1416 	int i;
1417 	struct msr_counter  *mp;
1418 
1419 	t->tv_begin.tv_sec = 0;
1420 	t->tv_begin.tv_usec = 0;
1421 	t->tv_end.tv_sec = 0;
1422 	t->tv_end.tv_usec = 0;
1423 	t->tv_delta.tv_sec = 0;
1424 	t->tv_delta.tv_usec = 0;
1425 
1426 	t->tsc = 0;
1427 	t->aperf = 0;
1428 	t->mperf = 0;
1429 	t->c1 = 0;
1430 
1431 	t->irq_count = 0;
1432 	t->smi_count = 0;
1433 
1434 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
1435 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
1436 
1437 	c->c3 = 0;
1438 	c->c6 = 0;
1439 	c->c7 = 0;
1440 	c->mc6_us = 0;
1441 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
1442 	c->core_energy = 0;
1443 
1444 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
1445 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
1446 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1447 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1448 
1449 	p->pc2 = 0;
1450 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1451 		p->pc3 = 0;
1452 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1453 		p->pc6 = 0;
1454 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1455 		p->pc7 = 0;
1456 	p->pc8 = 0;
1457 	p->pc9 = 0;
1458 	p->pc10 = 0;
1459 	p->cpu_lpi = 0;
1460 	p->sys_lpi = 0;
1461 
1462 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
1463 	p->energy_dram = 0;
1464 	p->energy_cores = 0;
1465 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
1466 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
1467 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
1468 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
1469 
1470 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
1471 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
1472 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1473 		t->counter[i] = 0;
1474 
1475 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1476 		c->counter[i] = 0;
1477 
1478 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1479 		p->counter[i] = 0;
1480 }
1481 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1482 	struct pkg_data *p)
1483 {
1484 	int i;
1485 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1486 
1487 	/* copy un-changing apic_id's */
1488 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1489 		average.threads.apic_id = t->apic_id;
1490 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1491 		average.threads.x2apic_id = t->x2apic_id;
1492 
1493 	/* remember first tv_begin */
1494 	if (average.threads.tv_begin.tv_sec == 0)
1495 		average.threads.tv_begin = t->tv_begin;
1496 
1497 	/* remember last tv_end */
1498 	average.threads.tv_end = t->tv_end;
1499 
1500 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
1501 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
1502 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
1503 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
1504 
1505 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
1506 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
1507 
1508 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1509 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1510 			continue;
1511 		average.threads.counter[i] += t->counter[i];
1512 	}
1513 
1514 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
1515 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1516 		return 0;
1517 
1518 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
1519 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
1520 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
1521 	average.cores.mc6_us += c->mc6_us;
1522 
1523 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
1524 
1525 	average.cores.core_energy += c->core_energy;
1526 
1527 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1528 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1529 			continue;
1530 		average.cores.counter[i] += c->counter[i];
1531 	}
1532 
1533 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
1534 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1535 		return 0;
1536 
1537 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1538 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1539 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1540 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
1541 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1542 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1543 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1544 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1545 
1546 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
1547 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1548 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
1549 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1550 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
1551 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1552 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
1553 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
1554 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
1555 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
1556 
1557 	average.packages.cpu_lpi = p->cpu_lpi;
1558 	average.packages.sys_lpi = p->sys_lpi;
1559 
1560 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
1561 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
1562 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
1563 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
1564 
1565 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
1566 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
1567 
1568 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
1569 
1570 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1571 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1572 
1573 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1574 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1575 			continue;
1576 		average.packages.counter[i] += p->counter[i];
1577 	}
1578 	return 0;
1579 }
1580 /*
1581  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1582  * compute the weighted average
1583  */
1584 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1585 	struct pkg_data *p)
1586 {
1587 	int i;
1588 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1589 
1590 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1591 
1592 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1593 
1594 	/* Use the global time delta for the average. */
1595 	average.threads.tv_delta = tv_delta;
1596 
1597 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1598 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1599 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1600 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1601 
1602 	if (average.threads.irq_count > 9999999)
1603 		sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1604 
1605 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1606 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1607 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1608 	average.cores.mc6_us /= topo.num_cores;
1609 
1610 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1611 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1612 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1613 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1614 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1615 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1616 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1617 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1618 
1619 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1620 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1621 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1622 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1623 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1624 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1625 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1626 
1627 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1628 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1629 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1630 
1631 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1632 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1633 			continue;
1634 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1635 			if (average.threads.counter[i] > 9999999)
1636 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1637 			continue;
1638 		}
1639 		average.threads.counter[i] /= topo.num_cpus;
1640 	}
1641 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1642 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1643 			continue;
1644 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1645 			if (average.cores.counter[i] > 9999999)
1646 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1647 		}
1648 		average.cores.counter[i] /= topo.num_cores;
1649 	}
1650 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1651 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1652 			continue;
1653 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1654 			if (average.packages.counter[i] > 9999999)
1655 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1656 		}
1657 		average.packages.counter[i] /= topo.num_packages;
1658 	}
1659 }
1660 
1661 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1662 {
1663 	unsigned int low, high;
1664 
1665 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
1666 
1667 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1668 }
1669 
1670 /*
1671  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1672  */
1673 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1674 {
1675 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1676 
1677 	if (!filep)
1678 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1679 	return filep;
1680 }
1681 /*
1682  * snapshot_sysfs_counter()
1683  *
1684  * return snapshot of given counter
1685  */
1686 unsigned long long snapshot_sysfs_counter(char *path)
1687 {
1688 	FILE *fp;
1689 	int retval;
1690 	unsigned long long counter;
1691 
1692 	fp = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1693 
1694 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &counter);
1695 	if (retval != 1)
1696 		err(1, "snapshot_sysfs_counter(%s)", path);
1697 
1698 	fclose(fp);
1699 
1700 	return counter;
1701 }
1702 
1703 int get_mp(int cpu, struct msr_counter *mp, unsigned long long *counterp)
1704 {
1705 	if (mp->msr_num != 0) {
1706 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, counterp))
1707 			return -1;
1708 	} else {
1709 		char path[128 + PATH_BYTES];
1710 
1711 		if (mp->flags & SYSFS_PERCPU) {
1712 			sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/%s",
1713 				 cpu, mp->path);
1714 
1715 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(path);
1716 		} else {
1717 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(mp->path);
1718 		}
1719 	}
1720 
1721 	return 0;
1722 }
1723 
1724 int get_epb(int cpu)
1725 {
1726 	char path[128 + PATH_BYTES];
1727 	int ret, epb = -1;
1728 	FILE *fp;
1729 
1730 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/power/energy_perf_bias", cpu);
1731 
1732 	fp = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1733 
1734 	ret = fscanf(fp, "%d", &epb);
1735 	if (ret != 1)
1736 		err(1, "%s(%s)", __func__, path);
1737 
1738 	fclose(fp);
1739 
1740 	return epb;
1741 }
1742 
1743 void get_apic_id(struct thread_data *t)
1744 {
1745 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
1746 
1747 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC)) {
1748 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1749 		__cpuid(1, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1750 
1751 		t->apic_id = (ebx >> 24) & 0xff;
1752 	}
1753 
1754 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1755 		return;
1756 
1757 	if (authentic_amd || hygon_genuine) {
1758 		unsigned int topology_extensions;
1759 
1760 		if (max_extended_level < 0x8000001e)
1761 			return;
1762 
1763 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1764 		__cpuid(0x80000001, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1765 			topology_extensions = ecx & (1 << 22);
1766 
1767 		if (topology_extensions == 0)
1768 			return;
1769 
1770 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1771 		__cpuid(0x8000001e, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1772 
1773 		t->x2apic_id = eax;
1774 		return;
1775 	}
1776 
1777 	if (!genuine_intel)
1778 		return;
1779 
1780 	if (max_level < 0xb)
1781 		return;
1782 
1783 	ecx = 0;
1784 	__cpuid(0xb, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1785 	t->x2apic_id = edx;
1786 
1787 	if (debug && (t->apic_id != (t->x2apic_id & 0xff)))
1788 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: BIOS BUG: apic 0x%x x2apic 0x%x\n",
1789 				t->cpu_id, t->apic_id, t->x2apic_id);
1790 }
1791 
1792 /*
1793  * get_counters(...)
1794  * migrate to cpu
1795  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1796  */
1797 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1798 {
1799 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1800 	unsigned long long msr;
1801 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1802 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1803 	int i;
1804 
1805 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1806 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1807 		return -1;
1808 	}
1809 
1810 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_begin, (struct timezone *)NULL);
1811 
1812 	if (first_counter_read)
1813 		get_apic_id(t);
1814 retry:
1815 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1816 
1817 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz) ||
1818 	    soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_Avg_MHz)) {
1819 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1820 
1821 		/*
1822 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
1823 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
1824 		 *
1825 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
1826 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
1827 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
1828 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
1829 		 */
1830 
1831 		/*
1832 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
1833 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
1834 		 */
1835 
1836 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1837 			return -3;
1838 
1839 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
1840 
1841 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
1842 
1843 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1844 			return -3;
1845 
1846 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
1847 
1848 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1849 			return -4;
1850 
1851 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
1852 
1853 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
1854 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
1855 
1856 		/*
1857 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
1858 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
1859 		 */
1860 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
1861 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
1862 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
1863 				goto retry;
1864 			else
1865 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld",
1866 					cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
1867 		}
1868 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1869 
1870 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1871 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1872 	}
1873 
1874 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1875 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
1876 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI)) {
1877 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1878 			return -5;
1879 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1880 	}
1881 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) && use_c1_residency_msr) {
1882 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
1883 			return -6;
1884 	}
1885 
1886 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1887 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &t->counter[i]))
1888 			return -10;
1889 	}
1890 
1891 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
1892 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1893 		goto done;
1894 
1895 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c3)) {
1896 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
1897 			return -6;
1898 	}
1899 
1900 	if ((DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c6)) && !do_knl_cstates) {
1901 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1902 			return -7;
1903 	} else if (do_knl_cstates || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c6)) {
1904 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1905 			return -7;
1906 	}
1907 
1908 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c7))
1909 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
1910 			return -8;
1911 
1912 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
1913 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_MODULE_C6_RES_MS, &c->mc6_us))
1914 			return -8;
1915 
1916 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp)) {
1917 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1918 			return -9;
1919 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1920 	}
1921 
1922 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
1923 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT, &msr))
1924 			return -14;
1925 		c->core_energy = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1926 	}
1927 
1928 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1929 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &c->counter[i]))
1930 			return -10;
1931 	}
1932 
1933 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
1934 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1935 		goto done;
1936 
1937 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0)) {
1938 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
1939 			return -10;
1940 	}
1941 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0)) {
1942 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
1943 			return -11;
1944 	}
1945 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0)) {
1946 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
1947 			return -12;
1948 	}
1949 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX)) {
1950 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
1951 			return -13;
1952 	}
1953 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1954 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
1955 			return -9;
1956 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6)) {
1957 		if (do_slm_cstates) {
1958 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_ATOM_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1959 				return -10;
1960 		} else {
1961 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1962 				return -10;
1963 		}
1964 	}
1965 
1966 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
1967 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
1968 			return -11;
1969 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1970 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
1971 			return -12;
1972 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
1973 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
1974 			return -13;
1975 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
1976 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
1977 			return -13;
1978 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
1979 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
1980 			return -13;
1981 
1982 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
1983 		p->cpu_lpi = cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us;
1984 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
1985 		p->sys_lpi = cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us;
1986 
1987 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
1988 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1989 			return -13;
1990 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1991 	}
1992 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS) {
1993 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1994 			return -14;
1995 		p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1996 	}
1997 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
1998 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1999 			return -15;
2000 		p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
2001 	}
2002 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
2003 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2004 			return -16;
2005 		p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
2006 	}
2007 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
2008 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
2009 			return -16;
2010 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
2011 	}
2012 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
2013 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
2014 			return -16;
2015 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
2016 	}
2017 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
2018 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT, &msr))
2019 			return -13;
2020 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
2021 	}
2022 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp)) {
2023 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2024 			return -17;
2025 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
2026 	}
2027 
2028 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
2029 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
2030 
2031 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
2032 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
2033 
2034 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
2035 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &p->counter[i]))
2036 			return -10;
2037 	}
2038 done:
2039 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_end, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2040 
2041 	return 0;
2042 }
2043 
2044 /*
2045  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
2046  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
2047  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
2048  */
2049 
2050 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
2051 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
2052 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
2053 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
2054 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
2055 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
2056 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
2057 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
2058 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
2059 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
2060 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
2061 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
2062 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
2063 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
2064 #define PCL_10 14 /* PC10 */
2065 #define PCLUNL 15 /* Unlimited */
2066 
2067 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
2068 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
2069 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "pc10", "unlimited"};
2070 
2071 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2072 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2073 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2074 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7};
2075 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2076 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2077 int glm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCL_10, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2078 int skx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2079 
2080 
2081 static void
2082 calculate_tsc_tweak()
2083 {
2084 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
2085 }
2086 
2087 static void
2088 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
2089 {
2090 	unsigned long long msr;
2091 	unsigned int ratio;
2092 
2093 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2094 
2095 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2096 
2097 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2098 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
2099 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2100 
2101 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2102 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
2103 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2104 
2105 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
2106 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
2107 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
2108 
2109 	return;
2110 }
2111 
2112 static void
2113 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2114 {
2115 	unsigned long long msr;
2116 	unsigned int ratio;
2117 
2118 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
2119 
2120 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2121 
2122 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2123 	if (ratio)
2124 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
2125 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2126 
2127 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2128 	if (ratio)
2129 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
2130 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2131 	return;
2132 }
2133 
2134 static void
2135 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2136 {
2137 	unsigned long long msr;
2138 	unsigned int ratio;
2139 
2140 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
2141 
2142 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2143 
2144 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
2145 	if (ratio)
2146 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
2147 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2148 
2149 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
2150 	if (ratio)
2151 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
2152 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2153 
2154 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2155 	if (ratio)
2156 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
2157 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2158 
2159 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
2160 	if (ratio)
2161 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
2162 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2163 
2164 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
2165 	if (ratio)
2166 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
2167 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2168 
2169 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
2170 	if (ratio)
2171 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
2172 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2173 
2174 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2175 	if (ratio)
2176 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
2177 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2178 
2179 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2180 	if (ratio)
2181 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
2182 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2183 	return;
2184 }
2185 int has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(int family, int model)
2186 {
2187 
2188 	if (!genuine_intel)
2189 		return 0;
2190 
2191 	switch (model) {
2192 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
2193 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
2194 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:
2195 		return 1;
2196 	}
2197 	return 0;
2198 }
2199 
2200 static void
2201 dump_turbo_ratio_limits(int family, int model)
2202 {
2203 	unsigned long long msr, core_counts;
2204 	unsigned int ratio, group_size;
2205 
2206 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2207 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2208 
2209 	if (has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(family, model)) {
2210 		get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &core_counts);
2211 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, core_counts);
2212 	} else {
2213 		core_counts = 0x0807060504030201;
2214 	}
2215 
2216 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
2217 	group_size = (core_counts >> 56) & 0xFF;
2218 	if (ratio)
2219 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2220 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2221 
2222 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
2223 	group_size = (core_counts >> 48) & 0xFF;
2224 	if (ratio)
2225 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2226 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2227 
2228 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2229 	group_size = (core_counts >> 40) & 0xFF;
2230 	if (ratio)
2231 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2232 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2233 
2234 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
2235 	group_size = (core_counts >> 32) & 0xFF;
2236 	if (ratio)
2237 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2238 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2239 
2240 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
2241 	group_size = (core_counts >> 24) & 0xFF;
2242 	if (ratio)
2243 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2244 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2245 
2246 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
2247 	group_size = (core_counts >> 16) & 0xFF;
2248 	if (ratio)
2249 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2250 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2251 
2252 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2253 	group_size = (core_counts >> 8) & 0xFF;
2254 	if (ratio)
2255 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2256 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2257 
2258 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2259 	group_size = (core_counts >> 0) & 0xFF;
2260 	if (ratio)
2261 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2262 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2263 	return;
2264 }
2265 
2266 static void
2267 dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2268 {
2269 	unsigned long long msr;
2270 	unsigned int ratio;
2271 
2272 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS, &msr);
2273 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
2274 
2275 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2276 	if (ratio)
2277 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz minimum operating frequency\n",
2278 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2279 
2280 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
2281 	if (ratio)
2282 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz low frequency mode (LFM)\n",
2283 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2284 
2285 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
2286 	if (ratio)
2287 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
2288 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2289 
2290 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS, &msr);
2291 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
2292 
2293 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0x3F;
2294 	if (ratio)
2295 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
2296 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2297 
2298 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
2299 	if (ratio)
2300 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
2301 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2302 
2303 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
2304 	if (ratio)
2305 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
2306 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2307 
2308 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2309 	if (ratio)
2310 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 1 active core\n",
2311 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2312 }
2313 
2314 static void
2315 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2316 {
2317 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
2318 
2319 	unsigned long long msr;
2320 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
2321 	int i, b_nr;
2322 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
2323 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
2324 
2325 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2326 
2327 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
2328 		base_cpu, msr);
2329 
2330 	/**
2331 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
2332 	 * [0] -- Reserved
2333 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
2334 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
2335 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
2336 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
2337 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
2338 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
2339 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
2340 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
2341 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
2342 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
2343 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
2344 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
2345 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
2346 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
2347 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
2348 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
2349 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
2350 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
2351 	 */
2352 
2353 	b_nr = 0;
2354 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
2355 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2356 
2357 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
2358 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
2359 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
2360 
2361 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
2362 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
2363 		b_nr++;
2364 	}
2365 
2366 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2367 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
2368 			fprintf(outf,
2369 				"%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2370 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
2371 }
2372 
2373 static void
2374 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
2375 {
2376 	unsigned long long msr;
2377 
2378 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
2379 
2380 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2381 
2382 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked, pkg-cstate-limit=%d (%s)",
2383 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
2384 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
2385 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
2386 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
2387 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
2388 		(unsigned int)msr & 0xF,
2389 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
2390 
2391 #define AUTOMATIC_CSTATE_CONVERSION		(1UL << 16)
2392 	if (has_automatic_cstate_conversion) {
2393 		fprintf(outf, ", automatic c-state conversion=%s",
2394 			(msr & AUTOMATIC_CSTATE_CONVERSION) ? "on" : "off");
2395 	}
2396 
2397 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2398 
2399 	return;
2400 }
2401 
2402 static void
2403 dump_config_tdp(void)
2404 {
2405 	unsigned long long msr;
2406 
2407 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
2408 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2409 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
2410 
2411 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
2412 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2413 	if (msr) {
2414 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2415 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2416 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2417 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2418 	}
2419 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2420 
2421 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
2422 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2423 	if (msr) {
2424 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2425 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2426 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2427 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2428 	}
2429 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2430 
2431 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
2432 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2433 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
2434 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
2435 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2436 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2437 
2438 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
2439 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2440 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
2441 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2442 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2443 }
2444 
2445 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = {1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
2446 
2447 void print_irtl(void)
2448 {
2449 	unsigned long long msr;
2450 
2451 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
2452 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2453 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2454 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2455 
2456 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
2457 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2458 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2459 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2460 
2461 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
2462 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2463 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2464 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2465 
2466 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
2467 		return;
2468 
2469 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
2470 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2471 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2472 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2473 
2474 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
2475 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2476 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2477 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2478 
2479 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
2480 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2481 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2482 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2483 
2484 }
2485 void free_fd_percpu(void)
2486 {
2487 	int i;
2488 
2489 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num + 1; ++i) {
2490 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
2491 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
2492 	}
2493 
2494 	free(fd_percpu);
2495 }
2496 
2497 void free_all_buffers(void)
2498 {
2499 	int i;
2500 
2501 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
2502 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
2503 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
2504 
2505 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
2506 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
2507 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
2508 
2509 	free(thread_even);
2510 	free(core_even);
2511 	free(package_even);
2512 
2513 	thread_even = NULL;
2514 	core_even = NULL;
2515 	package_even = NULL;
2516 
2517 	free(thread_odd);
2518 	free(core_odd);
2519 	free(package_odd);
2520 
2521 	thread_odd = NULL;
2522 	core_odd = NULL;
2523 	package_odd = NULL;
2524 
2525 	free(output_buffer);
2526 	output_buffer = NULL;
2527 	outp = NULL;
2528 
2529 	free_fd_percpu();
2530 
2531 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
2532 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
2533 
2534 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
2535 		if (cpus[i].put_ids)
2536 			CPU_FREE(cpus[i].put_ids);
2537 	}
2538 	free(cpus);
2539 }
2540 
2541 
2542 /*
2543  * Parse a file containing a single int.
2544  * Return 0 if file can not be opened
2545  * Exit if file can be opened, but can not be parsed
2546  */
2547 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
2548 {
2549 	va_list args;
2550 	char path[PATH_MAX];
2551 	FILE *filep;
2552 	int value;
2553 
2554 	va_start(args, fmt);
2555 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
2556 	va_end(args);
2557 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
2558 	if (!filep)
2559 		return 0;
2560 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
2561 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
2562 	fclose(filep);
2563 	return value;
2564 }
2565 
2566 /*
2567  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
2568  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
2569  */
2570 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
2571 {
2572 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
2573 }
2574 
2575 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
2576 {
2577 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
2578 }
2579 
2580 int get_die_id(int cpu)
2581 {
2582 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/die_id", cpu);
2583 }
2584 
2585 int get_core_id(int cpu)
2586 {
2587 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
2588 }
2589 
2590 void set_node_data(void)
2591 {
2592 	int pkg, node, lnode, cpu, cpux;
2593 	int cpu_count;
2594 
2595 	/* initialize logical_node_id */
2596 	for (cpu = 0; cpu <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++cpu)
2597 		cpus[cpu].logical_node_id = -1;
2598 
2599 	cpu_count = 0;
2600 	for (pkg = 0; pkg < topo.num_packages; pkg++) {
2601 		lnode = 0;
2602 		for (cpu = 0; cpu <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++cpu) {
2603 			if (cpus[cpu].physical_package_id != pkg)
2604 				continue;
2605 			/* find a cpu with an unset logical_node_id */
2606 			if (cpus[cpu].logical_node_id != -1)
2607 				continue;
2608 			cpus[cpu].logical_node_id = lnode;
2609 			node = cpus[cpu].physical_node_id;
2610 			cpu_count++;
2611 			/*
2612 			 * find all matching cpus on this pkg and set
2613 			 * the logical_node_id
2614 			 */
2615 			for (cpux = cpu; cpux <= topo.max_cpu_num; cpux++) {
2616 				if ((cpus[cpux].physical_package_id == pkg) &&
2617 				   (cpus[cpux].physical_node_id == node)) {
2618 					cpus[cpux].logical_node_id = lnode;
2619 					cpu_count++;
2620 				}
2621 			}
2622 			lnode++;
2623 			if (lnode > topo.nodes_per_pkg)
2624 				topo.nodes_per_pkg = lnode;
2625 		}
2626 		if (cpu_count >= topo.max_cpu_num)
2627 			break;
2628 	}
2629 }
2630 
2631 int get_physical_node_id(struct cpu_topology *thiscpu)
2632 {
2633 	char path[80];
2634 	FILE *filep;
2635 	int i;
2636 	int cpu = thiscpu->logical_cpu_id;
2637 
2638 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; i++) {
2639 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/node%i/cpulist",
2640 			cpu, i);
2641 		filep = fopen(path, "r");
2642 		if (!filep)
2643 			continue;
2644 		fclose(filep);
2645 		return i;
2646 	}
2647 	return -1;
2648 }
2649 
2650 int get_thread_siblings(struct cpu_topology *thiscpu)
2651 {
2652 	char path[80], character;
2653 	FILE *filep;
2654 	unsigned long map;
2655 	int so, shift, sib_core;
2656 	int cpu = thiscpu->logical_cpu_id;
2657 	int offset = topo.max_cpu_num + 1;
2658 	size_t size;
2659 	int thread_id = 0;
2660 
2661 	thiscpu->put_ids = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
2662 	if (thiscpu->thread_id < 0)
2663 		thiscpu->thread_id = thread_id++;
2664 	if (!thiscpu->put_ids)
2665 		return -1;
2666 
2667 	size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
2668 	CPU_ZERO_S(size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2669 
2670 	sprintf(path,
2671 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings", cpu);
2672 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
2673 	do {
2674 		offset -= BITMASK_SIZE;
2675 		if (fscanf(filep, "%lx%c", &map, &character) != 2)
2676 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse file", path);
2677 		for (shift = 0; shift < BITMASK_SIZE; shift++) {
2678 			if ((map >> shift) & 0x1) {
2679 				so = shift + offset;
2680 				sib_core = get_core_id(so);
2681 				if (sib_core == thiscpu->physical_core_id) {
2682 					CPU_SET_S(so, size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2683 					if ((so != cpu) &&
2684 					    (cpus[so].thread_id < 0))
2685 						cpus[so].thread_id =
2686 								    thread_id++;
2687 				}
2688 			}
2689 		}
2690 	} while (!strncmp(&character, ",", 1));
2691 	fclose(filep);
2692 
2693 	return CPU_COUNT_S(size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2694 }
2695 
2696 /*
2697  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
2698  * skip non-present cpus
2699  */
2700 
2701 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2702 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2703 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
2704 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
2705 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
2706 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
2707 {
2708 	int retval, pkg_no, node_no, core_no, thread_no;
2709 
2710 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
2711 		for (node_no = 0; node_no < topo.nodes_per_pkg; ++node_no) {
2712 			for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.cores_per_node;
2713 			     ++core_no) {
2714 				for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
2715 					topo.threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
2716 					struct thread_data *t, *t2;
2717 					struct core_data *c, *c2;
2718 					struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
2719 
2720 					t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no,
2721 						       core_no, node_no,
2722 						       pkg_no);
2723 
2724 					if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
2725 						continue;
2726 
2727 					t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no,
2728 							core_no, node_no,
2729 							pkg_no);
2730 
2731 					c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no,
2732 						     node_no, pkg_no);
2733 					c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no,
2734 						      node_no,
2735 						      pkg_no);
2736 
2737 					p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
2738 					p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
2739 
2740 					retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
2741 					if (retval)
2742 						return retval;
2743 				}
2744 			}
2745 		}
2746 	}
2747 	return 0;
2748 }
2749 
2750 /*
2751  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
2752  * return max_cpu number
2753  */
2754 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
2755 {
2756 	FILE *fp;
2757 	int cpu_num;
2758 	int retval;
2759 
2760 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
2761 
2762 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
2763 	if (retval != 0)
2764 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
2765 
2766 	while (1) {
2767 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
2768 		if (retval != 1)
2769 			break;
2770 
2771 		retval = func(cpu_num);
2772 		if (retval) {
2773 			fclose(fp);
2774 			return(retval);
2775 		}
2776 	}
2777 	fclose(fp);
2778 	return 0;
2779 }
2780 
2781 void re_initialize(void)
2782 {
2783 	free_all_buffers();
2784 	setup_all_buffers();
2785 	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
2786 }
2787 
2788 void set_max_cpu_num(void)
2789 {
2790 	FILE *filep;
2791 	unsigned long dummy;
2792 
2793 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
2794 	filep = fopen_or_die(
2795 			"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/topology/thread_siblings",
2796 			"r");
2797 	while (fscanf(filep, "%lx,", &dummy) == 1)
2798 		topo.max_cpu_num += BITMASK_SIZE;
2799 	fclose(filep);
2800 	topo.max_cpu_num--; /* 0 based */
2801 }
2802 
2803 /*
2804  * count_cpus()
2805  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
2806  */
2807 int count_cpus(int cpu)
2808 {
2809 	topo.num_cpus++;
2810 	return 0;
2811 }
2812 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
2813 {
2814 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
2815 	return 0;
2816 }
2817 
2818 int init_thread_id(int cpu)
2819 {
2820 	cpus[cpu].thread_id = -1;
2821 	return 0;
2822 }
2823 
2824 /*
2825  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
2826  *
2827  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
2828  *
2829  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2830  */
2831 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
2832 {
2833 	static FILE *fp;
2834 	int column, retval;
2835 
2836 	if (fp == NULL)
2837 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
2838 	else
2839 		rewind(fp);
2840 
2841 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
2842 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2843 		int cpu_number;
2844 
2845 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
2846 		if (retval != 1)
2847 			break;
2848 
2849 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
2850 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
2851 			return 1;
2852 		}
2853 
2854 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
2855 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
2856 	}
2857 
2858 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
2859 	while (1) {
2860 		int column;
2861 		char buf[64];
2862 
2863 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
2864 		if (retval != 1)
2865 			break;
2866 
2867 		/* read the count per cpu */
2868 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2869 
2870 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
2871 
2872 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
2873 			if (retval != 1)
2874 				break;
2875 
2876 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
2877 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
2878 
2879 		}
2880 
2881 		while (getc(fp) != '\n')
2882 			;	/* flush interrupt description */
2883 
2884 	}
2885 	return 0;
2886 }
2887 /*
2888  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
2889  *
2890  * record snapshot of
2891  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
2892  *
2893  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2894  */
2895 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
2896 {
2897 	FILE *fp;
2898 	int retval;
2899 
2900 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
2901 
2902 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
2903 	if (retval != 1)
2904 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
2905 
2906 	fclose(fp);
2907 
2908 	return 0;
2909 }
2910 /*
2911  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
2912  *
2913  * record snapshot of
2914  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
2915  *
2916  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2917  */
2918 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
2919 {
2920 	static FILE *fp;
2921 	int retval;
2922 
2923 	if (fp == NULL)
2924 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
2925 	else {
2926 		rewind(fp);
2927 		fflush(fp);
2928 	}
2929 
2930 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
2931 	if (retval != 1)
2932 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
2933 
2934 	return 0;
2935 }
2936 
2937 /*
2938  * snapshot_cpu_lpi()
2939  *
2940  * record snapshot of
2941  * /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us
2942  */
2943 int snapshot_cpu_lpi_us(void)
2944 {
2945 	FILE *fp;
2946 	int retval;
2947 
2948 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us", "r");
2949 
2950 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us);
2951 	if (retval != 1) {
2952 		fprintf(stderr, "Disabling Low Power Idle CPU output\n");
2953 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
2954 		fclose(fp);
2955 		return -1;
2956 	}
2957 
2958 	fclose(fp);
2959 
2960 	return 0;
2961 }
2962 /*
2963  * snapshot_sys_lpi()
2964  *
2965  * record snapshot of sys_lpi_file
2966  */
2967 int snapshot_sys_lpi_us(void)
2968 {
2969 	FILE *fp;
2970 	int retval;
2971 
2972 	fp = fopen_or_die(sys_lpi_file, "r");
2973 
2974 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us);
2975 	if (retval != 1) {
2976 		fprintf(stderr, "Disabling Low Power Idle System output\n");
2977 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
2978 		fclose(fp);
2979 		return -1;
2980 	}
2981 	fclose(fp);
2982 
2983 	return 0;
2984 }
2985 /*
2986  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
2987  *
2988  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
2989  */
2990 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
2991 {
2992 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
2993 		if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
2994 			return 1;
2995 
2996 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
2997 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
2998 
2999 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
3000 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
3001 
3002 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
3003 		snapshot_cpu_lpi_us();
3004 
3005 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
3006 		snapshot_sys_lpi_us();
3007 
3008 	return 0;
3009 }
3010 
3011 int exit_requested;
3012 
3013 static void signal_handler (int signal)
3014 {
3015 	switch (signal) {
3016 	case SIGINT:
3017 		exit_requested = 1;
3018 		if (debug)
3019 			fprintf(stderr, " SIGINT\n");
3020 		break;
3021 	case SIGUSR1:
3022 		if (debug > 1)
3023 			fprintf(stderr, "SIGUSR1\n");
3024 		break;
3025 	}
3026 }
3027 
3028 void setup_signal_handler(void)
3029 {
3030 	struct sigaction sa;
3031 
3032 	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
3033 
3034 	sa.sa_handler = &signal_handler;
3035 
3036 	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL) < 0)
3037 		err(1, "sigaction SIGINT");
3038 	if (sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sa, NULL) < 0)
3039 		err(1, "sigaction SIGUSR1");
3040 }
3041 
3042 void do_sleep(void)
3043 {
3044 	struct timeval tout;
3045 	struct timespec rest;
3046 	fd_set readfds;
3047 	int retval;
3048 
3049 	FD_ZERO(&readfds);
3050 	FD_SET(0, &readfds);
3051 
3052 	if (ignore_stdin) {
3053 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
3054 		return;
3055 	}
3056 
3057 	tout = interval_tv;
3058 	retval = select(1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &tout);
3059 
3060 	if (retval == 1) {
3061 		switch (getc(stdin)) {
3062 		case 'q':
3063 			exit_requested = 1;
3064 			break;
3065 		case EOF:
3066 			/*
3067 			 * 'stdin' is a pipe closed on the other end. There
3068 			 * won't be any further input.
3069 			 */
3070 			ignore_stdin = 1;
3071 			/* Sleep the rest of the time */
3072 			rest.tv_sec = (tout.tv_sec + tout.tv_usec / 1000000);
3073 			rest.tv_nsec = (tout.tv_usec % 1000000) * 1000;
3074 			nanosleep(&rest, NULL);
3075 		}
3076 	}
3077 }
3078 
3079 
3080 void turbostat_loop()
3081 {
3082 	int retval;
3083 	int restarted = 0;
3084 	int done_iters = 0;
3085 
3086 	setup_signal_handler();
3087 
3088 restart:
3089 	restarted++;
3090 
3091 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
3092 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3093 	first_counter_read = 0;
3094 	if (retval < -1) {
3095 		exit(retval);
3096 	} else if (retval == -1) {
3097 		if (restarted > 1) {
3098 			exit(retval);
3099 		}
3100 		re_initialize();
3101 		goto restart;
3102 	}
3103 	restarted = 0;
3104 	done_iters = 0;
3105 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3106 
3107 	while (1) {
3108 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
3109 			re_initialize();
3110 			goto restart;
3111 		}
3112 		do_sleep();
3113 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
3114 			goto restart;
3115 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3116 		if (retval < -1) {
3117 			exit(retval);
3118 		} else if (retval == -1) {
3119 			re_initialize();
3120 			goto restart;
3121 		}
3122 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3123 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
3124 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) {
3125 			re_initialize();
3126 			goto restart;
3127 		}
3128 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3129 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3130 		flush_output_stdout();
3131 		if (exit_requested)
3132 			break;
3133 		if (num_iterations && ++done_iters >= num_iterations)
3134 			break;
3135 		do_sleep();
3136 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
3137 			goto restart;
3138 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3139 		if (retval < -1) {
3140 			exit(retval);
3141 		} else if (retval == -1) {
3142 			re_initialize();
3143 			goto restart;
3144 		}
3145 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3146 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
3147 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) {
3148 			re_initialize();
3149 			goto restart;
3150 		}
3151 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
3152 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
3153 		flush_output_stdout();
3154 		if (exit_requested)
3155 			break;
3156 		if (num_iterations && ++done_iters >= num_iterations)
3157 			break;
3158 	}
3159 }
3160 
3161 void check_dev_msr()
3162 {
3163 	struct stat sb;
3164 	char pathname[32];
3165 
3166 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
3167 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
3168  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
3169 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
3170 }
3171 
3172 /*
3173  * check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO
3174  * return 0 on success
3175  * return 1 on fail
3176  */
3177 int check_for_cap_sys_rawio(void)
3178 {
3179 	cap_t caps;
3180 	cap_flag_value_t cap_flag_value;
3181 
3182 	caps = cap_get_proc();
3183 	if (caps == NULL)
3184 		err(-6, "cap_get_proc\n");
3185 
3186 	if (cap_get_flag(caps, CAP_SYS_RAWIO, CAP_EFFECTIVE, &cap_flag_value))
3187 		err(-6, "cap_get\n");
3188 
3189 	if (cap_flag_value != CAP_SET) {
3190 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
3191 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
3192 		return 1;
3193 	}
3194 
3195 	if (cap_free(caps) == -1)
3196 		err(-6, "cap_free\n");
3197 
3198 	return 0;
3199 }
3200 void check_permissions(void)
3201 {
3202 	int do_exit = 0;
3203 	char pathname[32];
3204 
3205 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
3206 	do_exit += check_for_cap_sys_rawio();
3207 
3208 	/* test file permissions */
3209 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
3210 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
3211 		do_exit++;
3212 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
3213 	}
3214 
3215 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
3216 	if (do_exit)
3217 		if (getuid() != 0)
3218 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
3219 
3220 	if (do_exit)
3221 		exit(-6);
3222 }
3223 
3224 /*
3225  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
3226  *
3227  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
3228  *
3229  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
3230  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL     0x000000e2
3231  *
3232  * MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT               0x000001aa
3233  *
3234  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
3235  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
3236  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
3237  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
3238  *
3239  * Side effect:
3240  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL
3241  * sets has_misc_feature_control
3242  */
3243 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3244 {
3245 	unsigned long long msr;
3246 	unsigned int base_ratio;
3247 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
3248 
3249 	if (!genuine_intel)
3250 		return 0;
3251 
3252 	if (family != 6)
3253 		return 0;
3254 
3255 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
3256 
3257 	switch (model) {
3258 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
3259 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
3260 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
3261 		break;
3262 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:	/* SNB */
3263 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:	/* SNB Xeon */
3264 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3265 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3266 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
3267 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3268 		break;
3269 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
3270 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
3271 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3272 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
3273 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
3274 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
3275 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3276 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
3277 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
3278 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
3279 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3280 		break;
3281 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3282 		pkg_cstate_limits = skx_pkg_cstate_limits;
3283 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3284 		break;
3285 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
3286 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
3287 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
3288 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
3289 		break;
3290 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT:	/* AMT */
3291 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
3292 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
3293 		break;
3294 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI */
3295 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
3296 		break;
3297 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3298 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
3299 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
3300 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
3301 		pkg_cstate_limits = glm_pkg_cstate_limits;
3302 		break;
3303 	default:
3304 		return 0;
3305 	}
3306 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
3307 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
3308 
3309 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
3310 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
3311 
3312 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
3313 	has_base_hz = 1;
3314 	return 1;
3315 }
3316 /*
3317  * SLV client has support for unique MSRs:
3318  *
3319  * MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3320  * MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3321  */
3322 
3323 int has_slv_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3324 {
3325 	if (!genuine_intel)
3326 		return 0;
3327 
3328 	switch (model) {
3329 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:
3330 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_MID:
3331 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT_MID:
3332 		return 1;
3333 	}
3334 	return 0;
3335 }
3336 int is_dnv(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3337 {
3338 
3339 	if (!genuine_intel)
3340 		return 0;
3341 
3342 	switch (model) {
3343 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:
3344 		return 1;
3345 	}
3346 	return 0;
3347 }
3348 int is_bdx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3349 {
3350 
3351 	if (!genuine_intel)
3352 		return 0;
3353 
3354 	switch (model) {
3355 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:
3356 		return 1;
3357 	}
3358 	return 0;
3359 }
3360 int is_skx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3361 {
3362 
3363 	if (!genuine_intel)
3364 		return 0;
3365 
3366 	switch (model) {
3367 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
3368 		return 1;
3369 	}
3370 	return 0;
3371 }
3372 int is_ehl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3373 {
3374 	if (!genuine_intel)
3375 		return 0;
3376 
3377 	switch (model) {
3378 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:
3379 		return 1;
3380 	}
3381 	return 0;
3382 }
3383 
3384 int has_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3385 {
3386 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3387 		return 0;
3388 
3389 	switch (model) {
3390 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
3391 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
3392 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
3393 		return 0;
3394 	default:
3395 		return 1;
3396 	}
3397 }
3398 int has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3399 {
3400 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3401 		return 1;
3402 
3403 	return 0;
3404 }
3405 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3406 {
3407 	if (!genuine_intel)
3408 		return 0;
3409 
3410 	if (family != 6)
3411 		return 0;
3412 
3413 	switch (model) {
3414 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3415 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
3416 		return 1;
3417 	default:
3418 		return 0;
3419 	}
3420 }
3421 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3422 {
3423 	if (!genuine_intel)
3424 		return 0;
3425 
3426 	if (family != 6)
3427 		return 0;
3428 
3429 	switch (model) {
3430 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
3431 		return 1;
3432 	default:
3433 		return 0;
3434 	}
3435 }
3436 
3437 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3438 {
3439 	if (!genuine_intel)
3440 		return 0;
3441 
3442 	if (family != 6)
3443 		return 0;
3444 
3445 	switch (model) {
3446 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
3447 		return 1;
3448 	default:
3449 		return 0;
3450 	}
3451 }
3452 int has_glm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3453 {
3454 	if (!genuine_intel)
3455 		return 0;
3456 
3457 	if (family != 6)
3458 		return 0;
3459 
3460 	switch (model) {
3461 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
3462 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
3463 		return 1;
3464 	default:
3465 		return 0;
3466 	}
3467 }
3468 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3469 {
3470 	if (!genuine_intel)
3471 		return 0;
3472 
3473 	if (family != 6)
3474 		return 0;
3475 
3476 	switch (model) {
3477 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3478 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
3479 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3480 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
3481 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
3482 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
3483 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
3484 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3485 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
3486 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
3487 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3488 
3489 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
3490 		return 1;
3491 	default:
3492 		return 0;
3493 	}
3494 }
3495 
3496 static void
3497 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3498 {
3499 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3500 		return;
3501 
3502 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
3503 
3504 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3505 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
3506 
3507 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3508 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
3509 
3510 	if (has_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3511 		dump_turbo_ratio_limits(family, model);
3512 
3513 	if (has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3514 		dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits();
3515 
3516 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3517 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
3518 
3519 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
3520 		dump_config_tdp();
3521 
3522 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
3523 }
3524 
3525 static void dump_sysfs_file(char *path)
3526 {
3527 	FILE *input;
3528 	char cpuidle_buf[64];
3529 
3530 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3531 	if (input == NULL) {
3532 		if (debug)
3533 			fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3534 		return;
3535 	}
3536 	if (!fgets(cpuidle_buf, sizeof(cpuidle_buf), input))
3537 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3538 	fclose(input);
3539 
3540 	fprintf(outf, "%s: %s", strrchr(path, '/') + 1, cpuidle_buf);
3541 }
3542 static void
3543 dump_sysfs_cstate_config(void)
3544 {
3545 	char path[64];
3546 	char name_buf[16];
3547 	char desc[64];
3548 	FILE *input;
3549 	int state;
3550 	char *sp;
3551 
3552 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_sysfs))
3553 		return;
3554 
3555 	if (access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle", R_OK)) {
3556 		fprintf(outf, "cpuidle not loaded\n");
3557 		return;
3558 	}
3559 
3560 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_driver");
3561 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_governor");
3562 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_governor_ro");
3563 
3564 	for (state = 0; state < 10; ++state) {
3565 
3566 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
3567 			base_cpu, state);
3568 		input = fopen(path, "r");
3569 		if (input == NULL)
3570 			continue;
3571 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
3572 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3573 
3574 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
3575 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
3576 		if (!sp)
3577 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
3578 		*sp = '\0';
3579 		fclose(input);
3580 
3581 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/desc",
3582 			base_cpu, state);
3583 		input = fopen(path, "r");
3584 		if (input == NULL)
3585 			continue;
3586 		if (!fgets(desc, sizeof(desc), input))
3587 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3588 
3589 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %s", base_cpu, name_buf, desc);
3590 		fclose(input);
3591 	}
3592 }
3593 static void
3594 dump_sysfs_pstate_config(void)
3595 {
3596 	char path[64];
3597 	char driver_buf[64];
3598 	char governor_buf[64];
3599 	FILE *input;
3600 	int turbo;
3601 
3602 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_driver",
3603 			base_cpu);
3604 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3605 	if (input == NULL) {
3606 		fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3607 		return;
3608 	}
3609 	if (!fgets(driver_buf, sizeof(driver_buf), input))
3610 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3611 	fclose(input);
3612 
3613 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_governor",
3614 			base_cpu);
3615 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3616 	if (input == NULL) {
3617 		fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3618 		return;
3619 	}
3620 	if (!fgets(governor_buf, sizeof(governor_buf), input))
3621 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3622 	fclose(input);
3623 
3624 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq driver: %s", base_cpu, driver_buf);
3625 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq governor: %s", base_cpu, governor_buf);
3626 
3627 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/boost");
3628 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3629 	if (input != NULL) {
3630 		if (fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo) != 1)
3631 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
3632 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq boost: %d\n", turbo);
3633 		fclose(input);
3634 	}
3635 
3636 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo");
3637 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3638 	if (input != NULL) {
3639 		if (fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo) != 1)
3640 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
3641 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq intel_pstate no_turbo: %d\n", turbo);
3642 		fclose(input);
3643 	}
3644 }
3645 
3646 
3647 /*
3648  * print_epb()
3649  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
3650  */
3651 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3652 {
3653 	char *epb_string;
3654 	int cpu, epb;
3655 
3656 	if (!has_epb)
3657 		return 0;
3658 
3659 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3660 
3661 	/* EPB is per-package */
3662 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3663 		return 0;
3664 
3665 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3666 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3667 		return -1;
3668 	}
3669 
3670 	epb = get_epb(cpu);
3671 	if (epb < 0)
3672 		return 0;
3673 
3674 	switch (epb) {
3675 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
3676 		epb_string = "performance";
3677 		break;
3678 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
3679 		epb_string = "balanced";
3680 		break;
3681 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
3682 		epb_string = "powersave";
3683 		break;
3684 	default:
3685 		epb_string = "custom";
3686 		break;
3687 	}
3688 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: EPB: %d (%s)\n", cpu, epb, epb_string);
3689 
3690 	return 0;
3691 }
3692 /*
3693  * print_hwp()
3694  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
3695  */
3696 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3697 {
3698 	unsigned long long msr;
3699 	int cpu;
3700 
3701 	if (!has_hwp)
3702 		return 0;
3703 
3704 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3705 
3706 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
3707 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3708 		return 0;
3709 
3710 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3711 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3712 		return -1;
3713 	}
3714 
3715 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
3716 		return 0;
3717 
3718 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
3719 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
3720 
3721 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
3722 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
3723 		return 0;
3724 
3725 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
3726 		return 0;
3727 
3728 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
3729 			"(high %d guar %d eff %d low %d)\n",
3730 			cpu, msr,
3731 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
3732 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
3733 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
3734 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
3735 
3736 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
3737 		return 0;
3738 
3739 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
3740 			"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
3741 			cpu, msr,
3742 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
3743 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
3744 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
3745 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
3746 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
3747 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
3748 
3749 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
3750 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
3751 			return 0;
3752 
3753 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
3754 			"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
3755 			cpu, msr,
3756 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
3757 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
3758 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
3759 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
3760 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
3761 	}
3762 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
3763 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3764 			return 0;
3765 
3766 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
3767 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
3768 			cpu, msr,
3769 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
3770 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
3771 	}
3772 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
3773 		return 0;
3774 
3775 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
3776 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
3777 			cpu, msr,
3778 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
3779 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
3780 
3781 	return 0;
3782 }
3783 
3784 /*
3785  * print_perf_limit()
3786  */
3787 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3788 {
3789 	unsigned long long msr;
3790 	int cpu;
3791 
3792 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3793 
3794 	/* per-package */
3795 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3796 		return 0;
3797 
3798 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3799 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3800 		return -1;
3801 	}
3802 
3803 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
3804 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
3805 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
3806 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
3807 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
3808 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
3809 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
3810 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
3811 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
3812 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3813 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
3814 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
3815 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3816 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
3817 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3818 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
3819 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3820 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
3821 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
3822 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
3823 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
3824 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
3825 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
3826 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
3827 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3828 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
3829 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
3830 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3831 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
3832 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3833 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
3834 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3835 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
3836 
3837 	}
3838 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
3839 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
3840 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
3841 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
3842 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3843 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3844 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3845 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3846 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
3847 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
3848 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3849 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3850 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
3851 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3852 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3853 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
3854 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3855 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
3856 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
3857 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3858 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3859 	}
3860 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
3861 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
3862 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
3863 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
3864 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3865 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3866 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3867 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
3868 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3869 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3870 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
3871 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
3872 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
3873 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
3874 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
3875 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
3876 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
3877 	}
3878 	return 0;
3879 }
3880 
3881 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
3882 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
3883 
3884 double get_tdp_intel(unsigned int model)
3885 {
3886 	unsigned long long msr;
3887 
3888 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
3889 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3890 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
3891 
3892 	switch (model) {
3893 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:
3894 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:
3895 		return 30.0;
3896 	default:
3897 		return 135.0;
3898 	}
3899 }
3900 
3901 double get_tdp_amd(unsigned int family)
3902 {
3903 	switch (family) {
3904 	case 0x17:
3905 	case 0x18:
3906 	default:
3907 		/* This is the max stock TDP of HEDT/Server Fam17h chips */
3908 		return 250.0;
3909 	}
3910 }
3911 
3912 /*
3913  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
3914  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
3915  */
3916 static double
3917 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
3918 {
3919 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
3920 
3921 	switch (model) {
3922 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3923 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3924 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3925 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
3926 	default:
3927 		return (rapl_energy_units);
3928 	}
3929 }
3930 
3931 void rapl_probe_intel(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3932 {
3933 	unsigned long long msr;
3934 	unsigned int time_unit;
3935 	double tdp;
3936 
3937 	if (family != 6)
3938 		return;
3939 
3940 	switch (model) {
3941 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
3942 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:
3943 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
3944 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
3945 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
3946 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
3947 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
3948 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3949 		if (rapl_joules) {
3950 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3951 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3952 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
3953 		} else {
3954 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3955 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3956 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
3957 		}
3958 		break;
3959 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3960 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
3961 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3962 		if (rapl_joules)
3963 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3964 		else
3965 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3966 		break;
3967 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
3968 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3969 		if (rapl_joules) {
3970 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3971 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3972 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3973 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
3974 		} else {
3975 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3976 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3977 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3978 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
3979 		}
3980 		break;
3981 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
3982 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
3983 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3984 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3985 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3986 		if (rapl_joules) {
3987 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3988 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3989 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3990 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
3991 		} else {
3992 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3993 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3994 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3995 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
3996 		}
3997 		break;
3998 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3999 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4000 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4001 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4002 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4003 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4004 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4005 		if (rapl_joules) {
4006 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4007 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4008 		} else {
4009 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4010 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4011 		}
4012 		break;
4013 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
4014 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:
4015 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4016 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4017 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4018 		if (rapl_joules) {
4019 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4020 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4021 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4022 		} else {
4023 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4024 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4025 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4026 		}
4027 		break;
4028 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
4029 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
4030 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
4031 		if (rapl_joules) {
4032 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4033 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4034 		} else {
4035 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4036 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4037 		}
4038 		break;
4039 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
4040 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
4041 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4042 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4043 		if (rapl_joules) {
4044 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4045 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4046 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4047 		} else {
4048 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4049 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4050 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4051 		}
4052 		break;
4053 	default:
4054 		return;
4055 	}
4056 
4057 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
4058 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
4059 		return;
4060 
4061 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
4062 	if (model == INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT)
4063 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
4064 	else
4065 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
4066 
4067 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
4068 
4069 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
4070 	if (time_unit == 0)
4071 		time_unit = 0xA;
4072 
4073 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
4074 
4075 	tdp = get_tdp_intel(model);
4076 
4077 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
4078 	if (!quiet)
4079 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
4080 }
4081 
4082 void rapl_probe_amd(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4083 {
4084 	unsigned long long msr;
4085 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
4086 	unsigned int has_rapl = 0;
4087 	double tdp;
4088 
4089 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
4090 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4091 		/* RAPL (Fam 17h) */
4092 		has_rapl = edx & (1 << 14);
4093 	}
4094 
4095 	if (!has_rapl)
4096 		return;
4097 
4098 	switch (family) {
4099 	case 0x17: /* Zen, Zen+ */
4100 	case 0x18: /* Hygon Dhyana */
4101 		do_rapl = RAPL_AMD_F17H | RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY;
4102 		if (rapl_joules) {
4103 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4104 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4105 		} else {
4106 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4107 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4108 		}
4109 		break;
4110 	default:
4111 		return;
4112 	}
4113 
4114 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT, &msr))
4115 		return;
4116 
4117 	rapl_time_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr >> 16 & 0xf));
4118 	rapl_energy_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr >> 8 & 0x1f));
4119 	rapl_power_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr & 0xf));
4120 
4121 	tdp = get_tdp_amd(family);
4122 
4123 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
4124 	if (!quiet)
4125 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
4126 }
4127 
4128 /*
4129  * rapl_probe()
4130  *
4131  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
4132  */
4133 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4134 {
4135 	if (genuine_intel)
4136 		rapl_probe_intel(family, model);
4137 	if (authentic_amd || hygon_genuine)
4138 		rapl_probe_amd(family, model);
4139 }
4140 
4141 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4142 {
4143 	if (!genuine_intel)
4144 		return;
4145 
4146 	if (family != 6)
4147 		return;
4148 
4149 	switch (model) {
4150 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
4151 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4152 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
4153 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4154 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4155 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4156 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4157 	default:
4158 		return;
4159 	}
4160 }
4161 
4162 void automatic_cstate_conversion_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4163 {
4164 	if (is_skx(family, model) || is_bdx(family, model))
4165 		has_automatic_cstate_conversion = 1;
4166 }
4167 
4168 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4169 {
4170 	unsigned long long msr;
4171 	unsigned int dts, dts2;
4172 	int cpu;
4173 
4174 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
4175 		return 0;
4176 
4177 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4178 
4179 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
4180 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
4181 		return 0;
4182 
4183 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4184 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4185 		return -1;
4186 	}
4187 
4188 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
4189 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
4190 			return 0;
4191 
4192 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4193 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
4194 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
4195 
4196 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4197 			return 0;
4198 
4199 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4200 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
4201 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
4202 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
4203 	}
4204 
4205 
4206 	if (do_dts && debug) {
4207 		unsigned int resolution;
4208 
4209 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
4210 			return 0;
4211 
4212 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4213 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
4214 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
4215 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
4216 
4217 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4218 			return 0;
4219 
4220 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4221 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
4222 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
4223 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
4224 	}
4225 
4226 	return 0;
4227 }
4228 
4229 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
4230 {
4231 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
4232 		cpu, label,
4233 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4234 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
4235 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
4236 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
4237 
4238 	return;
4239 }
4240 
4241 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4242 {
4243 	unsigned long long msr;
4244 	const char *msr_name;
4245 	int cpu;
4246 
4247 	if (!do_rapl)
4248 		return 0;
4249 
4250 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
4251 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4252 		return 0;
4253 
4254 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4255 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4256 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4257 		return -1;
4258 	}
4259 
4260 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
4261 		msr_name = "MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT";
4262 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT, &msr))
4263 			return -1;
4264 	} else {
4265 		msr_name = "MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT";
4266 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
4267 			return -1;
4268 	}
4269 
4270 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: 0x%08llx (%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr_name, msr,
4271 		rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
4272 
4273 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
4274 
4275 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4276                 	return -5;
4277 
4278 
4279 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
4280 			cpu, msr,
4281 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4282 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4283 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4284 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
4285 
4286 	}
4287 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
4288 
4289 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4290 			return -9;
4291 
4292 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4293 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4294 
4295 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
4296 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
4297 			cpu,
4298 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4299 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
4300 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
4301 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4302 	}
4303 
4304 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
4305 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4306                 	return -6;
4307 
4308 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
4309 			cpu, msr,
4310 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4311 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4312 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4313 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
4314 	}
4315 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
4316 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4317 			return -9;
4318 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4319 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4320 
4321 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
4322 	}
4323 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
4324 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
4325 			return -7;
4326 
4327 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
4328 	}
4329 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT) {
4330 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4331 			return -9;
4332 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4333 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4334 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
4335 	}
4336 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
4337 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
4338 			return -8;
4339 
4340 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
4341 
4342 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4343 			return -9;
4344 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4345 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4346 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
4347 	}
4348 	return 0;
4349 }
4350 
4351 /*
4352  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
4353  *
4354  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
4355  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
4356  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
4357  */
4358 
4359 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4360 {
4361 	if (!genuine_intel)
4362 		return 0;
4363 
4364 	switch (model) {
4365 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
4366 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
4367 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:		/* IVB */
4368 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:		/* IVB Xeon */
4369 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:		/* HSW */
4370 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:		/* HSW */
4371 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:		/* HSW */
4372 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:		/* HSW */
4373 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:		/* BDW */
4374 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:		/* BDW */
4375 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:		/* BDX */
4376 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:		/* SKL */
4377 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:		/* CNL */
4378 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:		/* SKX */
4379 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:		/* BXT */
4380 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4381 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
4382 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:		/* EHL */
4383 		return 1;
4384 	}
4385 	return 0;
4386 }
4387 
4388 /*
4389  * HSW ULT added support for C8/C9/C10 MSRs:
4390  *
4391  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
4392  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
4393  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
4394  *
4395  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
4396  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
4397  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
4398  *
4399  */
4400 int has_c8910_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4401 {
4402 	if (!genuine_intel)
4403 		return 0;
4404 
4405 	switch (model) {
4406 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4407 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
4408 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4409 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4410 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4411 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4412 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
4413 		return 1;
4414 	}
4415 	return 0;
4416 }
4417 
4418 /*
4419  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
4420  *
4421  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
4422  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
4423  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
4424  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
4425  */
4426 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4427 {
4428 	if (!genuine_intel)
4429 		return 0;
4430 
4431 	switch (model) {
4432 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4433 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4434 		return 1;
4435 	}
4436 	return 0;
4437 }
4438 
4439 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4440 {
4441 	if (!genuine_intel)
4442 		return 0;
4443 	switch (model) {
4444 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
4445 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
4446 		return 1;
4447 	}
4448 	return 0;
4449 }
4450 
4451 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4452 {
4453 	if (!genuine_intel)
4454 		return 0;
4455 	switch (model) {
4456 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4457 		return 1;
4458 	}
4459 	return 0;
4460 }
4461 
4462 int is_cnl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4463 {
4464 	if (!genuine_intel)
4465 		return 0;
4466 
4467 	switch (model) {
4468 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L: /* CNL */
4469 		return 1;
4470 	}
4471 
4472 	return 0;
4473 }
4474 
4475 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4476 {
4477 	if (is_knl(family, model))
4478 		return 1024;
4479 	return 1;
4480 }
4481 
4482 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
4483 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
4484 
4485 double slm_bclk(void)
4486 {
4487 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
4488 	unsigned int i;
4489 	double freq;
4490 
4491 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
4492 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
4493 
4494 	i = msr & 0xf;
4495 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
4496 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
4497 		i = 3;
4498 	}
4499 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
4500 
4501 	if (!quiet)
4502 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
4503 
4504 	return freq;
4505 }
4506 
4507 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4508 {
4509 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
4510 		return 100.00;
4511 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
4512 		return slm_bclk();
4513 	else
4514 		return 133.33;
4515 }
4516 
4517 /*
4518  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
4519  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
4520  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
4521  *
4522  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
4523  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
4524  *
4525  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
4526  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
4527  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
4528  */
4529 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4530 {
4531 	unsigned long long msr;
4532 	unsigned int target_c_local;
4533 	int cpu;
4534 
4535 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
4536 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
4537 		return 0;
4538 
4539 	/* this is a per-package concept */
4540 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4541 		return 0;
4542 
4543 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4544 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4545 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4546 		return -1;
4547 	}
4548 
4549 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
4550 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
4551 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n",
4552 			cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
4553 		return 0;
4554 	}
4555 
4556 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
4557 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
4558 		goto guess;
4559 
4560 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
4561 		goto guess;
4562 
4563 	target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
4564 
4565 	if (!quiet)
4566 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
4567 			cpu, msr, target_c_local);
4568 
4569 	if (!target_c_local)
4570 		goto guess;
4571 
4572 	tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local;
4573 
4574 	return 0;
4575 
4576 guess:
4577 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
4578 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n",
4579 		cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
4580 
4581 	return 0;
4582 }
4583 
4584 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
4585 {
4586 	unsigned long long msr;
4587 
4588 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEAT_CTL, &msr))
4589 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
4590 			base_cpu, msr,
4591 			msr & FEAT_CTL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-",
4592 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
4593 }
4594 
4595 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
4596 {
4597 	unsigned long long msr;
4598 
4599 	if (!genuine_intel)
4600 		return;
4601 
4602 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
4603 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sTCC %sEIST %sMWAIT %sPREFETCH %sTURBO)\n",
4604 			base_cpu, msr,
4605 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TM1 ? "" : "No-",
4606 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP ? "" : "No-",
4607 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_MWAIT ? "" : "No-",
4608 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_PREFETCH_DISABLE ? "No-" : "",
4609 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TURBO_DISABLE ? "No-" : "");
4610 }
4611 
4612 void decode_misc_feature_control(void)
4613 {
4614 	unsigned long long msr;
4615 
4616 	if (!has_misc_feature_control)
4617 		return;
4618 
4619 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
4620 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sL2-Prefetch %sL2-Prefetch-pair %sL1-Prefetch %sL1-IP-Prefetch)\n",
4621 			base_cpu, msr,
4622 			msr & (0 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
4623 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
4624 			msr & (2 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
4625 			msr & (3 << 0) ? "No-" : "");
4626 }
4627 /*
4628  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
4629  *
4630  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
4631  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
4632  * bit[1] less so...
4633  */
4634 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
4635 {
4636 	unsigned long long msr;
4637 
4638 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
4639 		return;
4640 
4641 	if (no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT)
4642 		return;
4643 
4644 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
4645 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB %sable-OOB)\n",
4646 			base_cpu, msr,
4647 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
4648 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4649 			msr & (1 << 8) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4650 }
4651 /*
4652  * Decode MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
4653  *
4654  * This MSRs are present on Silvermont processors,
4655  * Intel Atom processor E3000 series (Baytrail), and friends.
4656  */
4657 void decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr(void)
4658 {
4659 	unsigned long long msr;
4660 
4661 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
4662 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-CC6-Demotion)\n",
4663 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4664 
4665 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
4666 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-MC6-Demotion)\n",
4667 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4668 }
4669 
4670 /*
4671  * When models are the same, for the purpose of turbostat, reuse
4672  */
4673 unsigned int intel_model_duplicates(unsigned int model)
4674 {
4675 
4676 	switch(model) {
4677 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EP:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
4678 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
4679 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
4680 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
4681 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EP:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
4682 		return INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM;
4683 
4684 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
4685 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
4686 		return INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX;
4687 
4688 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
4689 		return INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL;
4690 
4691 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:
4692 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_D:	/* BDX-DE */
4693 		return INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X;
4694 
4695 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:
4696 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE:
4697 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_L:
4698 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE:
4699 	case INTEL_FAM6_COMETLAKE_L:
4700 	case INTEL_FAM6_COMETLAKE:
4701 		return INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L;
4702 
4703 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_L:
4704 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_NNPI:
4705 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE_L:
4706 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE:
4707 		return INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L;
4708 
4709 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:
4710 		return INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D;
4711 
4712 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_L:
4713 		return INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT;
4714 
4715 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:
4716 		return INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X;
4717 	}
4718 	return model;
4719 }
4720 void process_cpuid()
4721 {
4722 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
4723 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping, ecx_flags, edx_flags;
4724 	unsigned int has_turbo;
4725 
4726 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
4727 
4728 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
4729 
4730 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && ecx == 0x6c65746e && edx == 0x49656e69)
4731 		genuine_intel = 1;
4732 	else if (ebx == 0x68747541 && ecx == 0x444d4163 && edx == 0x69746e65)
4733 		authentic_amd = 1;
4734 	else if (ebx == 0x6f677948 && ecx == 0x656e6975 && edx == 0x6e65476e)
4735 		hygon_genuine = 1;
4736 
4737 	if (!quiet)
4738 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
4739 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
4740 
4741 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
4742 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
4743 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
4744 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
4745 	if (family == 0xf)
4746 		family += (fms >> 20) & 0xff;
4747 	if (family >= 6)
4748 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
4749 	ecx_flags = ecx;
4750 	edx_flags = edx;
4751 
4752 	/*
4753 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
4754 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
4755 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
4756 	 */
4757 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
4758 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
4759 
4760 	if (!quiet) {
4761 		fprintf(outf, "0x%x CPUID levels; 0x%x xlevels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
4762 			max_level, max_extended_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
4763 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
4764 			ecx_flags & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
4765 			ecx_flags & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
4766 			ecx_flags & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
4767 			ecx_flags & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
4768 			ecx_flags & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
4769 			edx_flags & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
4770 			edx_flags & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
4771 			edx_flags & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
4772 			edx_flags & (1 << 28) ? "HT" : "-",
4773 			edx_flags & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
4774 	}
4775 	if (genuine_intel)
4776 		model = intel_model_duplicates(model);
4777 
4778 	if (!(edx_flags & (1 << 5)))
4779 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
4780 
4781 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
4782 
4783 		/*
4784 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
4785 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
4786 		 */
4787 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4788 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
4789 	}
4790 
4791 	/*
4792 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
4793 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
4794 	 */
4795 
4796 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4797 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
4798 	if (has_aperf) {
4799 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Avg_MHz);
4800 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Busy);
4801 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Bzy_MHz);
4802 	}
4803 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
4804 	if (do_dts)
4805 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CoreTmp);
4806 	has_turbo = eax & (1 << 1);
4807 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
4808 	if (do_ptm)
4809 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgTmp);
4810 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
4811 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
4812 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
4813 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
4814 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
4815 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
4816 
4817 	if (!quiet)
4818 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sTURBO, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
4819 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
4820 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
4821 			has_turbo ? "" : "No-",
4822 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
4823 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
4824 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
4825 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
4826 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
4827 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
4828 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
4829 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
4830 
4831 	if (!quiet)
4832 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
4833 
4834 
4835 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && !quiet) {
4836 		int has_sgx;
4837 
4838 		ecx = 0;
4839 
4840 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4841 
4842 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
4843 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
4844 
4845 		if (has_sgx)
4846 			decode_feature_control_msr();
4847 	}
4848 
4849 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
4850 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
4851 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
4852 
4853 		/*
4854 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
4855 		 */
4856 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
4857 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
4858 
4859 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
4860 
4861 			if (!quiet && (ebx != 0))
4862 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
4863 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
4864 
4865 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
4866 				switch(model) {
4867 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4868 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
4869 					break;
4870 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
4871 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
4872 					break;
4873 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4874 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4875 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
4876 					break;
4877 				default:
4878 					crystal_hz = 0;
4879 			}
4880 
4881 			if (crystal_hz) {
4882 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
4883 				if (!quiet)
4884 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
4885 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
4886 			}
4887 		}
4888 	}
4889 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
4890 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
4891 
4892 		/*
4893 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
4894 		 */
4895 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
4896 
4897 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
4898 		if (!quiet)
4899 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
4900 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
4901 	}
4902 
4903 	if (has_aperf)
4904 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
4905 
4906 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IRQ);
4907 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_TSC_MHz);
4908 
4909 	if (probe_nhm_msrs(family, model)) {
4910 		do_nhm_platform_info = 1;
4911 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
4912 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
4913 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c6);
4914 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SMI);
4915 	}
4916 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
4917 
4918 	if (do_snb_cstates)
4919 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4920 
4921 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
4922 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2))
4923 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
4924 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3)
4925 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4926 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6)
4927 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
4928 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7))
4929 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4930 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model)) {
4931 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
4932 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4933 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
4934 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4935 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Mod_c6);
4936 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
4937 	}
4938 	if (is_dnv(family, model)) {
4939 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
4940 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
4941 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4942 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4943 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4944 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
4945 	}
4946 	if (is_skx(family, model)) {
4947 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
4948 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
4949 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4950 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4951 	}
4952 	if (is_bdx(family, model)) {
4953 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
4954 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
4955 	}
4956 	if (has_c8910_msrs(family, model)) {
4957 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc8);
4958 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc9);
4959 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc10);
4960 	}
4961 	do_irtl_hsw = has_c8910_msrs(family, model);
4962 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model)) {
4963 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Totl_c0);
4964 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Any_c0);
4965 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_c0);
4966 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPUGFX);
4967 	}
4968 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
4969 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
4970 
4971 	if (do_slm_cstates || do_knl_cstates || is_cnl(family, model) ||
4972 	    is_ehl(family, model))
4973 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
4974 
4975 	if (!quiet)
4976 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
4977 
4978 	if (!quiet && has_slv_msrs(family, model))
4979 		decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr();
4980 
4981 	rapl_probe(family, model);
4982 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
4983 	automatic_cstate_conversion_probe(family, model);
4984 
4985 	if (!quiet)
4986 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
4987 
4988 	if (!quiet)
4989 		dump_sysfs_cstate_config();
4990 	if (!quiet)
4991 		dump_sysfs_pstate_config();
4992 
4993 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
4994 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
4995 
4996 	if (!access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK))
4997 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_rc6);
4998 
4999 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK))
5000 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXMHz);
5001 
5002 	if (!access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us", R_OK))
5003 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
5004 	else
5005 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
5006 
5007 	if (!access(sys_lpi_file_sysfs, R_OK)) {
5008 		sys_lpi_file = sys_lpi_file_sysfs;
5009 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5010 	} else if (!access(sys_lpi_file_debugfs, R_OK)) {
5011 		sys_lpi_file = sys_lpi_file_debugfs;
5012 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5013 	} else {
5014 		sys_lpi_file_sysfs = NULL;
5015 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5016 	}
5017 
5018 	if (!quiet)
5019 		decode_misc_feature_control();
5020 
5021 	return;
5022 }
5023 
5024 /*
5025  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
5026  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
5027  */
5028 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
5029 {
5030 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
5031 		return 1;
5032 	else
5033 		return 0;
5034 }
5035 
5036 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
5037 {
5038 	return 0;
5039 }
5040 
5041 void topology_probe()
5042 {
5043 	int i;
5044 	int max_core_id = 0;
5045 	int max_package_id = 0;
5046 	int max_die_id = 0;
5047 	int max_siblings = 0;
5048 
5049 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
5050 	set_max_cpu_num();
5051 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
5052 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
5053 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
5054 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU);
5055 
5056 	if (debug > 1)
5057 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
5058 
5059 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
5060 	if (cpus == NULL)
5061 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
5062 
5063 	/*
5064 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
5065 	 */
5066 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5067 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
5068 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
5069 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5070 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
5071 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
5072 
5073 	/*
5074 	 * Validate that all cpus in cpu_subset are also in cpu_present_set
5075 	 */
5076 	for (i = 0; i < CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS; ++i) {
5077 		if (CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset))
5078 			if (!CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set))
5079 				err(1, "cpu%d not present", i);
5080 	}
5081 
5082 	/*
5083 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
5084 	 */
5085 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5086 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
5087 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
5088 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5089 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
5090 
5091 	for_all_proc_cpus(init_thread_id);
5092 
5093 	/*
5094 	 * For online cpus
5095 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
5096 	 */
5097 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
5098 		int siblings;
5099 
5100 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
5101 			if (debug > 1)
5102 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
5103 			continue;
5104 		}
5105 
5106 		cpus[i].logical_cpu_id = i;
5107 
5108 		/* get package information */
5109 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
5110 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
5111 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
5112 
5113 		/* get die information */
5114 		cpus[i].die_id = get_die_id(i);
5115 		if (cpus[i].die_id > max_die_id)
5116 			max_die_id = cpus[i].die_id;
5117 
5118 		/* get numa node information */
5119 		cpus[i].physical_node_id = get_physical_node_id(&cpus[i]);
5120 		if (cpus[i].physical_node_id > topo.max_node_num)
5121 			topo.max_node_num = cpus[i].physical_node_id;
5122 
5123 		/* get core information */
5124 		cpus[i].physical_core_id = get_core_id(i);
5125 		if (cpus[i].physical_core_id > max_core_id)
5126 			max_core_id = cpus[i].physical_core_id;
5127 
5128 		/* get thread information */
5129 		siblings = get_thread_siblings(&cpus[i]);
5130 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
5131 			max_siblings = siblings;
5132 		if (cpus[i].thread_id == 0)
5133 			topo.num_cores++;
5134 	}
5135 
5136 	topo.cores_per_node = max_core_id + 1;
5137 	if (debug > 1)
5138 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
5139 			max_core_id, topo.cores_per_node);
5140 	if (!summary_only && topo.cores_per_node > 1)
5141 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Core);
5142 
5143 	topo.num_die = max_die_id + 1;
5144 	if (debug > 1)
5145 		fprintf(outf, "max_die_id %d, sizing for %d die\n",
5146 				max_die_id, topo.num_die);
5147 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_die > 1)
5148 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Die);
5149 
5150 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
5151 	if (debug > 1)
5152 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
5153 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
5154 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
5155 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Package);
5156 
5157 	set_node_data();
5158 	if (debug > 1)
5159 		fprintf(outf, "nodes_per_pkg %d\n", topo.nodes_per_pkg);
5160 	if (!summary_only && topo.nodes_per_pkg > 1)
5161 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Node);
5162 
5163 	topo.threads_per_core = max_siblings;
5164 	if (debug > 1)
5165 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
5166 
5167 	if (debug < 1)
5168 		return;
5169 
5170 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
5171 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i))
5172 			continue;
5173 		fprintf(outf,
5174 			"cpu %d pkg %d die %d node %d lnode %d core %d thread %d\n",
5175 			i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].die_id,
5176 			cpus[i].physical_node_id,
5177 			cpus[i].logical_node_id,
5178 			cpus[i].physical_core_id,
5179 			cpus[i].thread_id);
5180 	}
5181 
5182 }
5183 
5184 void
5185 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c,
5186 		  struct pkg_data **p)
5187 {
5188 	int i;
5189 	int num_cores = topo.cores_per_node * topo.nodes_per_pkg *
5190 			topo.num_packages;
5191 	int num_threads = topo.threads_per_core * num_cores;
5192 
5193 	*t = calloc(num_threads, sizeof(struct thread_data));
5194 	if (*t == NULL)
5195 		goto error;
5196 
5197 	for (i = 0; i < num_threads; i++)
5198 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
5199 
5200 	*c = calloc(num_cores, sizeof(struct core_data));
5201 	if (*c == NULL)
5202 		goto error;
5203 
5204 	for (i = 0; i < num_cores; i++)
5205 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
5206 
5207 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
5208 	if (*p == NULL)
5209 		goto error;
5210 
5211 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
5212 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
5213 
5214 	return;
5215 error:
5216 	err(1, "calloc counters");
5217 }
5218 /*
5219  * init_counter()
5220  *
5221  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
5222  */
5223 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
5224 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int cpu_id)
5225 {
5226 	int pkg_id = cpus[cpu_id].physical_package_id;
5227 	int node_id = cpus[cpu_id].logical_node_id;
5228 	int core_id = cpus[cpu_id].physical_core_id;
5229 	int thread_id = cpus[cpu_id].thread_id;
5230 	struct thread_data *t;
5231 	struct core_data *c;
5232 	struct pkg_data *p;
5233 
5234 
5235 	/* Workaround for systems where physical_node_id==-1
5236 	 * and logical_node_id==(-1 - topo.num_cpus)
5237 	 */
5238 	if (node_id < 0)
5239 		node_id = 0;
5240 
5241 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_id, core_id, node_id, pkg_id);
5242 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_id, node_id, pkg_id);
5243 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_id);
5244 
5245 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
5246 	if (thread_id == 0) {
5247 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
5248 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
5249 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
5250 	}
5251 
5252 	c->core_id = core_id;
5253 	p->package_id = pkg_id;
5254 }
5255 
5256 
5257 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
5258 {
5259 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
5260 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
5261 	return 0;
5262 }
5263 
5264 void allocate_output_buffer()
5265 {
5266 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 2048);
5267 	outp = output_buffer;
5268 	if (outp == NULL)
5269 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
5270 }
5271 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
5272 {
5273 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
5274 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
5275 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
5276 }
5277 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
5278 {
5279 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
5280 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
5281 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
5282 
5283 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
5284 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
5285 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num + 1);
5286 }
5287 void setup_all_buffers(void)
5288 {
5289 	topology_probe();
5290 	allocate_irq_buffers();
5291 	allocate_fd_percpu();
5292 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
5293 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
5294 	allocate_output_buffer();
5295 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
5296 }
5297 
5298 void set_base_cpu(void)
5299 {
5300 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
5301 	if (base_cpu < 0)
5302 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
5303 
5304 	if (debug > 1)
5305 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
5306 }
5307 
5308 void turbostat_init()
5309 {
5310 	setup_all_buffers();
5311 	set_base_cpu();
5312 	check_dev_msr();
5313 	check_permissions();
5314 	process_cpuid();
5315 
5316 
5317 	if (!quiet)
5318 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
5319 
5320 	if (!quiet)
5321 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
5322 
5323 	if (!quiet)
5324 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
5325 
5326 	if (!quiet)
5327 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
5328 
5329 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
5330 
5331 	if (!quiet)
5332 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
5333 
5334 	if (!quiet && do_irtl_snb)
5335 		print_irtl();
5336 }
5337 
5338 int fork_it(char **argv)
5339 {
5340 	pid_t child_pid;
5341 	int status;
5342 
5343 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
5344 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
5345 	first_counter_read = 0;
5346 	if (status)
5347 		exit(status);
5348 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
5349 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
5350 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
5351 
5352 	child_pid = fork();
5353 	if (!child_pid) {
5354 		/* child */
5355 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
5356 		err(errno, "exec %s", argv[0]);
5357 	} else {
5358 
5359 		/* parent */
5360 		if (child_pid == -1)
5361 			err(1, "fork");
5362 
5363 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
5364 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
5365 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
5366 			err(status, "waitpid");
5367 
5368 		if (WIFEXITED(status))
5369 			status = WEXITSTATUS(status);
5370 	}
5371 	/*
5372 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
5373 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
5374 	 */
5375 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
5376 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
5377 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
5378 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
5379 	if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS))
5380 		fprintf(outf, "%s: Counter reset detected\n", progname);
5381 	else {
5382 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
5383 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
5384 	}
5385 
5386 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
5387 
5388 	flush_output_stderr();
5389 
5390 	return status;
5391 }
5392 
5393 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
5394 {
5395 	int status;
5396 
5397 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
5398 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
5399 	if (status)
5400 		return status;
5401 
5402 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
5403 	if (status)
5404 		return status;
5405 
5406 	flush_output_stdout();
5407 
5408 	return status;
5409 }
5410 
5411 void print_version() {
5412 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 20.03.20"
5413 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
5414 }
5415 
5416 int add_counter(unsigned int msr_num, char *path, char *name,
5417 	unsigned int width, enum counter_scope scope,
5418 	enum counter_type type, enum counter_format format, int flags)
5419 {
5420 	struct msr_counter *msrp;
5421 
5422 	msrp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct msr_counter));
5423 	if (msrp == NULL) {
5424 		perror("calloc");
5425 		exit(1);
5426 	}
5427 
5428 	msrp->msr_num = msr_num;
5429 	strncpy(msrp->name, name, NAME_BYTES - 1);
5430 	if (path)
5431 		strncpy(msrp->path, path, PATH_BYTES - 1);
5432 	msrp->width = width;
5433 	msrp->type = type;
5434 	msrp->format = format;
5435 	msrp->flags = flags;
5436 
5437 	switch (scope) {
5438 
5439 	case SCOPE_CPU:
5440 		msrp->next = sys.tp;
5441 		sys.tp = msrp;
5442 		sys.added_thread_counters++;
5443 		if (sys.added_thread_counters > MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS) {
5444 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added thread counters\n",
5445 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
5446 			exit(-1);
5447 		}
5448 		break;
5449 
5450 	case SCOPE_CORE:
5451 		msrp->next = sys.cp;
5452 		sys.cp = msrp;
5453 		sys.added_core_counters++;
5454 		if (sys.added_core_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
5455 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added core counters\n",
5456 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
5457 			exit(-1);
5458 		}
5459 		break;
5460 
5461 	case SCOPE_PACKAGE:
5462 		msrp->next = sys.pp;
5463 		sys.pp = msrp;
5464 		sys.added_package_counters++;
5465 		if (sys.added_package_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
5466 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added package counters\n",
5467 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
5468 			exit(-1);
5469 		}
5470 		break;
5471 	}
5472 
5473 	return 0;
5474 }
5475 
5476 void parse_add_command(char *add_command)
5477 {
5478 	int msr_num = 0;
5479 	char *path = NULL;
5480 	char name_buffer[NAME_BYTES] = "";
5481 	int width = 64;
5482 	int fail = 0;
5483 	enum counter_scope scope = SCOPE_CPU;
5484 	enum counter_type type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
5485 	enum counter_format format = FORMAT_DELTA;
5486 
5487 	while (add_command) {
5488 
5489 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr0x%x", &msr_num) == 1)
5490 			goto next;
5491 
5492 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr%d", &msr_num) == 1)
5493 			goto next;
5494 
5495 		if (*add_command == '/') {
5496 			path = add_command;
5497 			goto next;
5498 		}
5499 
5500 		if (sscanf(add_command, "u%d", &width) == 1) {
5501 			if ((width == 32) || (width == 64))
5502 				goto next;
5503 			width = 64;
5504 		}
5505 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cpu", strlen("cpu"))) {
5506 			scope = SCOPE_CPU;
5507 			goto next;
5508 		}
5509 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "core", strlen("core"))) {
5510 			scope = SCOPE_CORE;
5511 			goto next;
5512 		}
5513 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "package", strlen("package"))) {
5514 			scope = SCOPE_PACKAGE;
5515 			goto next;
5516 		}
5517 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cycles", strlen("cycles"))) {
5518 			type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
5519 			goto next;
5520 		}
5521 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "seconds", strlen("seconds"))) {
5522 			type = COUNTER_SECONDS;
5523 			goto next;
5524 		}
5525 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "usec", strlen("usec"))) {
5526 			type = COUNTER_USEC;
5527 			goto next;
5528 		}
5529 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "raw", strlen("raw"))) {
5530 			format = FORMAT_RAW;
5531 			goto next;
5532 		}
5533 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "delta", strlen("delta"))) {
5534 			format = FORMAT_DELTA;
5535 			goto next;
5536 		}
5537 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "percent", strlen("percent"))) {
5538 			format = FORMAT_PERCENT;
5539 			goto next;
5540 		}
5541 
5542 		if (sscanf(add_command, "%18s,%*s", name_buffer) == 1) {	/* 18 < NAME_BYTES */
5543 			char *eos;
5544 
5545 			eos = strchr(name_buffer, ',');
5546 			if (eos)
5547 				*eos = '\0';
5548 			goto next;
5549 		}
5550 
5551 next:
5552 		add_command = strchr(add_command, ',');
5553 		if (add_command) {
5554 			*add_command = '\0';
5555 			add_command++;
5556 		}
5557 
5558 	}
5559 	if ((msr_num == 0) && (path == NULL)) {
5560 		fprintf(stderr, "--add: (msrDDD | msr0xXXX | /path_to_counter ) required\n");
5561 		fail++;
5562 	}
5563 
5564 	/* generate default column header */
5565 	if (*name_buffer == '\0') {
5566 		if (width == 32)
5567 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0x%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
5568 		else
5569 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0X%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
5570 	}
5571 
5572 	if (add_counter(msr_num, path, name_buffer, width, scope, type, format, 0))
5573 		fail++;
5574 
5575 	if (fail) {
5576 		help();
5577 		exit(1);
5578 	}
5579 }
5580 
5581 int is_deferred_skip(char *name)
5582 {
5583 	int i;
5584 
5585 	for (i = 0; i < deferred_skip_index; ++i)
5586 		if (!strcmp(name, deferred_skip_names[i]))
5587 			return 1;
5588 	return 0;
5589 }
5590 
5591 void probe_sysfs(void)
5592 {
5593 	char path[64];
5594 	char name_buf[16];
5595 	FILE *input;
5596 	int state;
5597 	char *sp;
5598 
5599 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_sysfs))
5600 		return;
5601 
5602 	for (state = 10; state >= 0; --state) {
5603 
5604 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
5605 			base_cpu, state);
5606 		input = fopen(path, "r");
5607 		if (input == NULL)
5608 			continue;
5609 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
5610 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
5611 
5612 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
5613 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
5614 		if (!sp)
5615 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
5616 		*sp = '%';
5617 		*(sp + 1) = '\0';
5618 
5619 		fclose(input);
5620 
5621 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/time", state);
5622 
5623 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
5624 			continue;
5625 
5626 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_USEC,
5627 				FORMAT_PERCENT, SYSFS_PERCPU);
5628 	}
5629 
5630 	for (state = 10; state >= 0; --state) {
5631 
5632 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
5633 			base_cpu, state);
5634 		input = fopen(path, "r");
5635 		if (input == NULL)
5636 			continue;
5637 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
5638 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
5639 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
5640 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
5641 		if (!sp)
5642 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
5643 		*sp = '\0';
5644 		fclose(input);
5645 
5646 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/usage", state);
5647 
5648 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
5649 			continue;
5650 
5651 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_ITEMS,
5652 				FORMAT_DELTA, SYSFS_PERCPU);
5653 	}
5654 
5655 }
5656 
5657 
5658 /*
5659  * parse cpuset with following syntax
5660  * 1,2,4..6,8-10 and set bits in cpu_subset
5661  */
5662 void parse_cpu_command(char *optarg)
5663 {
5664 	unsigned int start, end;
5665 	char *next;
5666 
5667 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "core")) {
5668 		if (cpu_subset)
5669 			goto error;
5670 		show_core_only++;
5671 		return;
5672 	}
5673 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "package")) {
5674 		if (cpu_subset)
5675 			goto error;
5676 		show_pkg_only++;
5677 		return;
5678 	}
5679 	if (show_core_only || show_pkg_only)
5680 		goto error;
5681 
5682 	cpu_subset = CPU_ALLOC(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
5683 	if (cpu_subset == NULL)
5684 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
5685 	cpu_subset_size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
5686 
5687 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
5688 
5689 	next = optarg;
5690 
5691 	while (next && *next) {
5692 
5693 		if (*next == '-')	/* no negative cpu numbers */
5694 			goto error;
5695 
5696 		start = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
5697 
5698 		if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
5699 			goto error;
5700 		CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
5701 
5702 		if (*next == '\0')
5703 			break;
5704 
5705 		if (*next == ',') {
5706 			next += 1;
5707 			continue;
5708 		}
5709 
5710 		if (*next == '-') {
5711 			next += 1;	/* start range */
5712 		} else if (*next == '.') {
5713 			next += 1;
5714 			if (*next == '.')
5715 				next += 1;	/* start range */
5716 			else
5717 				goto error;
5718 		}
5719 
5720 		end = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
5721 		if (end <= start)
5722 			goto error;
5723 
5724 		while (++start <= end) {
5725 			if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
5726 				goto error;
5727 			CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
5728 		}
5729 
5730 		if (*next == ',')
5731 			next += 1;
5732 		else if (*next != '\0')
5733 			goto error;
5734 	}
5735 
5736 	return;
5737 
5738 error:
5739 	fprintf(stderr, "\"--cpu %s\" malformed\n", optarg);
5740 	help();
5741 	exit(-1);
5742 }
5743 
5744 
5745 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
5746 {
5747 	int opt;
5748 	int option_index = 0;
5749 	static struct option long_options[] = {
5750 		{"add",		required_argument,	0, 'a'},
5751 		{"cpu",		required_argument,	0, 'c'},
5752 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
5753 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},	/* internal, not documented */
5754 		{"enable",	required_argument,	0, 'e'},
5755 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
5756 		{"num_iterations",	required_argument,	0, 'n'},
5757 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
5758 		{"hide",	required_argument,	0, 'H'},	// meh, -h taken by --help
5759 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
5760 		{"list",	no_argument,		0, 'l'},
5761 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
5762 		{"quiet",	no_argument,		0, 'q'},
5763 		{"show",	required_argument,	0, 's'},
5764 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
5765 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
5766 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
5767 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
5768 	};
5769 
5770 	progname = argv[0];
5771 
5772 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Dde:hi:Jn:o:qST:v",
5773 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
5774 		switch (opt) {
5775 		case 'a':
5776 			parse_add_command(optarg);
5777 			break;
5778 		case 'c':
5779 			parse_cpu_command(optarg);
5780 			break;
5781 		case 'D':
5782 			dump_only++;
5783 			break;
5784 		case 'e':
5785 			/* --enable specified counter */
5786 			bic_enabled = bic_enabled | bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
5787 			break;
5788 		case 'd':
5789 			debug++;
5790 			ENABLE_BIC(BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
5791 			break;
5792 		case 'H':
5793 			/*
5794 			 * --hide: do not show those specified
5795 			 *  multiple invocations simply clear more bits in enabled mask
5796 			 */
5797 			bic_enabled &= ~bic_lookup(optarg, HIDE_LIST);
5798 			break;
5799 		case 'h':
5800 		default:
5801 			help();
5802 			exit(1);
5803 		case 'i':
5804 			{
5805 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
5806 
5807 				if (interval < 0.001) {
5808 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
5809 						interval);
5810 					exit(2);
5811 				}
5812 
5813 				interval_tv.tv_sec = interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
5814 				interval_tv.tv_usec = (interval - interval_tv.tv_sec) * 1000000;
5815 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
5816 			}
5817 			break;
5818 		case 'J':
5819 			rapl_joules++;
5820 			break;
5821 		case 'l':
5822 			ENABLE_BIC(BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
5823 			list_header_only++;
5824 			quiet++;
5825 			break;
5826 		case 'o':
5827 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
5828 			break;
5829 		case 'q':
5830 			quiet = 1;
5831 			break;
5832 		case 'n':
5833 			num_iterations = strtod(optarg, NULL);
5834 
5835 			if (num_iterations <= 0) {
5836 				fprintf(outf, "iterations %d should be positive number\n",
5837 					num_iterations);
5838 				exit(2);
5839 			}
5840 			break;
5841 		case 's':
5842 			/*
5843 			 * --show: show only those specified
5844 			 *  The 1st invocation will clear and replace the enabled mask
5845 			 *  subsequent invocations can add to it.
5846 			 */
5847 			if (shown == 0)
5848 				bic_enabled = bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
5849 			else
5850 				bic_enabled |= bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
5851 			shown = 1;
5852 			break;
5853 		case 'S':
5854 			summary_only++;
5855 			break;
5856 		case 'T':
5857 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
5858 			break;
5859 		case 'v':
5860 			print_version();
5861 			exit(0);
5862 			break;
5863 		}
5864 	}
5865 }
5866 
5867 int main(int argc, char **argv)
5868 {
5869 	outf = stderr;
5870 	cmdline(argc, argv);
5871 
5872 	if (!quiet)
5873 		print_version();
5874 
5875 	probe_sysfs();
5876 
5877 	turbostat_init();
5878 
5879 	/* dump counters and exit */
5880 	if (dump_only)
5881 		return get_and_dump_counters();
5882 
5883 	/* list header and exit */
5884 	if (list_header_only) {
5885 		print_header(",");
5886 		flush_output_stdout();
5887 		return 0;
5888 	}
5889 
5890 	/*
5891 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
5892 	 */
5893 	if (argc - optind)
5894 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
5895 	else
5896 		turbostat_loop();
5897 
5898 	return 0;
5899 }
5900