1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
4  * on modern Intel and AMD processors.
5  *
6  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
7  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
8  */
9 
10 #define _GNU_SOURCE
11 #include MSRHEADER
12 #include INTEL_FAMILY_HEADER
13 #include <stdarg.h>
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <err.h>
16 #include <unistd.h>
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/wait.h>
19 #include <sys/stat.h>
20 #include <sys/select.h>
21 #include <sys/resource.h>
22 #include <fcntl.h>
23 #include <signal.h>
24 #include <sys/time.h>
25 #include <stdlib.h>
26 #include <getopt.h>
27 #include <dirent.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 #include <ctype.h>
30 #include <sched.h>
31 #include <time.h>
32 #include <cpuid.h>
33 #include <sys/capability.h>
34 #include <errno.h>
35 #include <math.h>
36 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
37 #include <asm/unistd.h>
38 #include <stdbool.h>
39 
40 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
41 FILE *outf;
42 int *fd_percpu;
43 int *fd_instr_count_percpu;
44 struct timeval interval_tv = { 5, 0 };
45 struct timespec interval_ts = { 5, 0 };
46 
47 /* Save original CPU model */
48 unsigned int model_orig;
49 
50 unsigned int num_iterations;
51 unsigned int debug;
52 unsigned int quiet;
53 unsigned int shown;
54 unsigned int sums_need_wide_columns;
55 unsigned int rapl_joules;
56 unsigned int summary_only;
57 unsigned int list_header_only;
58 unsigned int dump_only;
59 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
60 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
61 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
62 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
63 unsigned int has_aperf;
64 unsigned int has_epb;
65 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
66 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
67 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
68 unsigned int genuine_intel;
69 unsigned int authentic_amd;
70 unsigned int hygon_genuine;
71 unsigned int max_level, max_extended_level;
72 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
73 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
74 unsigned int no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT;
75 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
76 double bclk;
77 double base_hz;
78 unsigned int has_base_hz;
79 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
80 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
81 unsigned int show_core_only;
82 char *output_buffer, *outp;
83 unsigned int do_rapl;
84 unsigned int do_dts;
85 unsigned int do_ptm;
86 unsigned int do_ipc;
87 unsigned long long gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
88 unsigned long long cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us;
89 unsigned long long cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us;
90 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
91 unsigned int gfx_act_mhz;
92 unsigned int tj_max;
93 unsigned int tj_max_override;
94 int tcc_offset_bits;
95 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
96 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
97 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
98 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
99 unsigned int has_automatic_cstate_conversion;
100 unsigned int dis_cstate_prewake;
101 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
102 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
103 unsigned int crystal_hz;
104 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
105 int base_cpu;
106 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
107 unsigned int has_hwp;		/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
108 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
109 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;	/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
110 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
111 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
112 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
113 unsigned int has_misc_feature_control;
114 unsigned int first_counter_read = 1;
115 int ignore_stdin;
116 
117 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
118 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
119 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
120 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
121 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
122 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
123 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
124 
125 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
126 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
127 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
128 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
129 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
130 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
131 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
132 
133 #define RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT	(1 << 6)
134 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
135 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
136 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
137 
138 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
139 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
140 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
141 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
142 
143 #define RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS	(1 << 9)
144 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
145 #define RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY	(1 << 10)
146 					/* Indicates cores energy collection is per-core,
147 					 * not per-package. */
148 #define RAPL_AMD_F17H		(1 << 11)
149 					/* 0xc0010299 MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT */
150 					/* 0xc001029a MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT */
151 					/* 0xc001029b MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT */
152 #define RAPL_CORES (RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS | RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT)
153 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
154 
155 /* MSRs that are not yet in the kernel-provided header. */
156 #define MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT	0xc0010299
157 #define MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT	0xc001029a
158 #define MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT	0xc001029b
159 
160 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
161 
162 /*
163  * buffer size used by sscanf() for added column names
164  * Usually truncated to 7 characters, but also handles 18 columns for raw 64-bit counters
165  */
166 #define	NAME_BYTES 20
167 #define PATH_BYTES 128
168 
169 int backwards_count;
170 char *progname;
171 
172 #define CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS	1024	/* need to use before probe... */
173 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set, *cpu_subset;
174 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_subset_size;
175 #define MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS 8
176 #define MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS 24
177 #define BITMASK_SIZE 32
178 
179 struct thread_data {
180 	struct timeval tv_begin;
181 	struct timeval tv_end;
182 	struct timeval tv_delta;
183 	unsigned long long tsc;
184 	unsigned long long aperf;
185 	unsigned long long mperf;
186 	unsigned long long c1;
187 	unsigned long long instr_count;
188 	unsigned long long irq_count;
189 	unsigned int smi_count;
190 	unsigned int cpu_id;
191 	unsigned int apic_id;
192 	unsigned int x2apic_id;
193 	unsigned int flags;
194 	bool is_atom;
195 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
196 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
197 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS];
198 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
199 
200 struct core_data {
201 	unsigned long long c3;
202 	unsigned long long c6;
203 	unsigned long long c7;
204 	unsigned long long mc6_us;	/* duplicate as per-core for now, even though per module */
205 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
206 	unsigned int core_energy;	/* MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT */
207 	unsigned int core_id;
208 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
209 } *core_even, *core_odd;
210 
211 struct pkg_data {
212 	unsigned long long pc2;
213 	unsigned long long pc3;
214 	unsigned long long pc6;
215 	unsigned long long pc7;
216 	unsigned long long pc8;
217 	unsigned long long pc9;
218 	unsigned long long pc10;
219 	unsigned long long cpu_lpi;
220 	unsigned long long sys_lpi;
221 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
222 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
223 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
224 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
225 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
226 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
227 	unsigned int gfx_act_mhz;
228 	unsigned int package_id;
229 	unsigned long long energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
230 	unsigned long long energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
231 	unsigned long long energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
232 	unsigned long long energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
233 	unsigned long long rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
234 	unsigned long long rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
235 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
236 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
237 } *package_even, *package_odd;
238 
239 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
240 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
241 
242 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no)	      \
243 	((thread_base) +						      \
244 	 ((pkg_no) *							      \
245 	  topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.cores_per_node * topo.threads_per_core) + \
246 	 ((node_no) * topo.cores_per_node * topo.threads_per_core) +	      \
247 	 ((core_no) * topo.threads_per_core) +				      \
248 	 (thread_no))
249 
250 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, node_no, pkg_no)			\
251 	((core_base) +							\
252 	 ((pkg_no) *  topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.cores_per_node) +	\
253 	 ((node_no) * topo.cores_per_node) +				\
254 	 (core_no))
255 
256 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
257 
258 enum counter_scope { SCOPE_CPU, SCOPE_CORE, SCOPE_PACKAGE };
259 enum counter_type { COUNTER_ITEMS, COUNTER_CYCLES, COUNTER_SECONDS, COUNTER_USEC };
260 enum counter_format { FORMAT_RAW, FORMAT_DELTA, FORMAT_PERCENT };
261 
262 struct msr_counter {
263 	unsigned int msr_num;
264 	char name[NAME_BYTES];
265 	char path[PATH_BYTES];
266 	unsigned int width;
267 	enum counter_type type;
268 	enum counter_format format;
269 	struct msr_counter *next;
270 	unsigned int flags;
271 #define	FLAGS_HIDE	(1 << 0)
272 #define	FLAGS_SHOW	(1 << 1)
273 #define	SYSFS_PERCPU	(1 << 1)
274 };
275 
276 /*
277  * The accumulated sum of MSR is defined as a monotonic
278  * increasing MSR, it will be accumulated periodically,
279  * despite its register's bit width.
280  */
281 enum {
282 	IDX_PKG_ENERGY,
283 	IDX_DRAM_ENERGY,
284 	IDX_PP0_ENERGY,
285 	IDX_PP1_ENERGY,
286 	IDX_PKG_PERF,
287 	IDX_DRAM_PERF,
288 	IDX_COUNT,
289 };
290 
291 int get_msr_sum(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr);
292 
293 struct msr_sum_array {
294 	/* get_msr_sum() = sum + (get_msr() - last) */
295 	struct {
296 		/*The accumulated MSR value is updated by the timer */
297 		unsigned long long sum;
298 		/*The MSR footprint recorded in last timer */
299 		unsigned long long last;
300 	} entries[IDX_COUNT];
301 };
302 
303 /* The percpu MSR sum array.*/
304 struct msr_sum_array *per_cpu_msr_sum;
305 
306 off_t idx_to_offset(int idx)
307 {
308 	off_t offset;
309 
310 	switch (idx) {
311 	case IDX_PKG_ENERGY:
312 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H)
313 			offset = MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT;
314 		else
315 			offset = MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS;
316 		break;
317 	case IDX_DRAM_ENERGY:
318 		offset = MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS;
319 		break;
320 	case IDX_PP0_ENERGY:
321 		offset = MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS;
322 		break;
323 	case IDX_PP1_ENERGY:
324 		offset = MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS;
325 		break;
326 	case IDX_PKG_PERF:
327 		offset = MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS;
328 		break;
329 	case IDX_DRAM_PERF:
330 		offset = MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS;
331 		break;
332 	default:
333 		offset = -1;
334 	}
335 	return offset;
336 }
337 
338 int offset_to_idx(off_t offset)
339 {
340 	int idx;
341 
342 	switch (offset) {
343 	case MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS:
344 	case MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT:
345 		idx = IDX_PKG_ENERGY;
346 		break;
347 	case MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS:
348 		idx = IDX_DRAM_ENERGY;
349 		break;
350 	case MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS:
351 		idx = IDX_PP0_ENERGY;
352 		break;
353 	case MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS:
354 		idx = IDX_PP1_ENERGY;
355 		break;
356 	case MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS:
357 		idx = IDX_PKG_PERF;
358 		break;
359 	case MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS:
360 		idx = IDX_DRAM_PERF;
361 		break;
362 	default:
363 		idx = -1;
364 	}
365 	return idx;
366 }
367 
368 int idx_valid(int idx)
369 {
370 	switch (idx) {
371 	case IDX_PKG_ENERGY:
372 		return do_rapl & (RAPL_PKG | RAPL_AMD_F17H);
373 	case IDX_DRAM_ENERGY:
374 		return do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM;
375 	case IDX_PP0_ENERGY:
376 		return do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
377 	case IDX_PP1_ENERGY:
378 		return do_rapl & RAPL_GFX;
379 	case IDX_PKG_PERF:
380 		return do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS;
381 	case IDX_DRAM_PERF:
382 		return do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS;
383 	default:
384 		return 0;
385 	}
386 }
387 
388 struct sys_counters {
389 	unsigned int added_thread_counters;
390 	unsigned int added_core_counters;
391 	unsigned int added_package_counters;
392 	struct msr_counter *tp;
393 	struct msr_counter *cp;
394 	struct msr_counter *pp;
395 } sys;
396 
397 struct system_summary {
398 	struct thread_data threads;
399 	struct core_data cores;
400 	struct pkg_data packages;
401 } average;
402 
403 struct cpu_topology {
404 	int physical_package_id;
405 	int die_id;
406 	int logical_cpu_id;
407 	int physical_node_id;
408 	int logical_node_id;	/* 0-based count within the package */
409 	int physical_core_id;
410 	int thread_id;
411 	cpu_set_t *put_ids;	/* Processing Unit/Thread IDs */
412 } *cpus;
413 
414 struct topo_params {
415 	int num_packages;
416 	int num_die;
417 	int num_cpus;
418 	int num_cores;
419 	int max_cpu_num;
420 	int max_node_num;
421 	int nodes_per_pkg;
422 	int cores_per_node;
423 	int threads_per_core;
424 } topo;
425 
426 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
427 
428 int *irq_column_2_cpu;		/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
429 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
430 
431 void setup_all_buffers(void);
432 
433 char *sys_lpi_file;
434 char *sys_lpi_file_sysfs = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_system_residency_us";
435 char *sys_lpi_file_debugfs = "/sys/kernel/debug/pmc_core/slp_s0_residency_usec";
436 
437 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
438 {
439 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
440 }
441 
442 /*
443  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
444  * skip non-present cpus
445  */
446 
447 int for_all_cpus(int (func) (struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
448 		 struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
449 {
450 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no, node_no;
451 
452 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
453 		for (node_no = 0; node_no < topo.nodes_per_pkg; node_no++) {
454 			for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.cores_per_node; ++core_no) {
455 				for (thread_no = 0; thread_no < topo.threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
456 					struct thread_data *t;
457 					struct core_data *c;
458 					struct pkg_data *p;
459 
460 					t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
461 
462 					if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
463 						continue;
464 
465 					c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
466 					p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
467 
468 					retval = func(t, c, p);
469 					if (retval)
470 						return retval;
471 				}
472 			}
473 		}
474 	}
475 	return 0;
476 }
477 
478 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
479 {
480 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
481 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
482 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
483 		return -1;
484 	else
485 		return 0;
486 }
487 
488 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
489 {
490 	char pathname[32];
491 	int fd;
492 
493 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
494 
495 	if (fd)
496 		return fd;
497 
498 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
499 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
500 	if (fd < 0)
501 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
502 
503 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
504 
505 	return fd;
506 }
507 
508 static long perf_event_open(struct perf_event_attr *hw_event, pid_t pid, int cpu, int group_fd, unsigned long flags)
509 {
510 	return syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, hw_event, pid, cpu, group_fd, flags);
511 }
512 
513 static int perf_instr_count_open(int cpu_num)
514 {
515 	struct perf_event_attr pea;
516 	int fd;
517 
518 	memset(&pea, 0, sizeof(struct perf_event_attr));
519 	pea.type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE;
520 	pea.size = sizeof(struct perf_event_attr);
521 	pea.config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS;
522 
523 	/* counter for cpu_num, including user + kernel and all processes */
524 	fd = perf_event_open(&pea, -1, cpu_num, -1, 0);
525 	if (fd == -1)
526 		err(-1, "cpu%d: perf instruction counter\n", cpu_num);
527 
528 	return fd;
529 }
530 
531 int get_instr_count_fd(int cpu)
532 {
533 	if (fd_instr_count_percpu[cpu])
534 		return fd_instr_count_percpu[cpu];
535 
536 	fd_instr_count_percpu[cpu] = perf_instr_count_open(cpu);
537 
538 	return fd_instr_count_percpu[cpu];
539 }
540 
541 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
542 {
543 	ssize_t retval;
544 
545 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
546 
547 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
548 		err(-1, "cpu%d: msr offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
549 
550 	return 0;
551 }
552 
553 /*
554  * This list matches the column headers, except
555  * 1. built-in only, the sysfs counters are not here -- we learn of those at run-time
556  * 2. Core and CPU are moved to the end, we can't have strings that contain them
557  *    matching on them for --show and --hide.
558  */
559 struct msr_counter bic[] = {
560 	{ 0x0, "usec" },
561 	{ 0x0, "Time_Of_Day_Seconds" },
562 	{ 0x0, "Package" },
563 	{ 0x0, "Node" },
564 	{ 0x0, "Avg_MHz" },
565 	{ 0x0, "Busy%" },
566 	{ 0x0, "Bzy_MHz" },
567 	{ 0x0, "TSC_MHz" },
568 	{ 0x0, "IRQ" },
569 	{ 0x0, "SMI", "", 32, 0, FORMAT_DELTA, NULL },
570 	{ 0x0, "sysfs" },
571 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c1" },
572 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c3" },
573 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c6" },
574 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c7" },
575 	{ 0x0, "ThreadC" },
576 	{ 0x0, "CoreTmp" },
577 	{ 0x0, "CoreCnt" },
578 	{ 0x0, "PkgTmp" },
579 	{ 0x0, "GFX%rc6" },
580 	{ 0x0, "GFXMHz" },
581 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc2" },
582 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc3" },
583 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc6" },
584 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc7" },
585 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc8" },
586 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc9" },
587 	{ 0x0, "Pk%pc10" },
588 	{ 0x0, "CPU%LPI" },
589 	{ 0x0, "SYS%LPI" },
590 	{ 0x0, "PkgWatt" },
591 	{ 0x0, "CorWatt" },
592 	{ 0x0, "GFXWatt" },
593 	{ 0x0, "PkgCnt" },
594 	{ 0x0, "RAMWatt" },
595 	{ 0x0, "PKG_%" },
596 	{ 0x0, "RAM_%" },
597 	{ 0x0, "Pkg_J" },
598 	{ 0x0, "Cor_J" },
599 	{ 0x0, "GFX_J" },
600 	{ 0x0, "RAM_J" },
601 	{ 0x0, "Mod%c6" },
602 	{ 0x0, "Totl%C0" },
603 	{ 0x0, "Any%C0" },
604 	{ 0x0, "GFX%C0" },
605 	{ 0x0, "CPUGFX%" },
606 	{ 0x0, "Core" },
607 	{ 0x0, "CPU" },
608 	{ 0x0, "APIC" },
609 	{ 0x0, "X2APIC" },
610 	{ 0x0, "Die" },
611 	{ 0x0, "GFXAMHz" },
612 	{ 0x0, "IPC" },
613 };
614 
615 #define MAX_BIC (sizeof(bic) / sizeof(struct msr_counter))
616 #define	BIC_USEC	(1ULL << 0)
617 #define	BIC_TOD		(1ULL << 1)
618 #define	BIC_Package	(1ULL << 2)
619 #define	BIC_Node	(1ULL << 3)
620 #define	BIC_Avg_MHz	(1ULL << 4)
621 #define	BIC_Busy	(1ULL << 5)
622 #define	BIC_Bzy_MHz	(1ULL << 6)
623 #define	BIC_TSC_MHz	(1ULL << 7)
624 #define	BIC_IRQ		(1ULL << 8)
625 #define	BIC_SMI		(1ULL << 9)
626 #define	BIC_sysfs	(1ULL << 10)
627 #define	BIC_CPU_c1	(1ULL << 11)
628 #define	BIC_CPU_c3	(1ULL << 12)
629 #define	BIC_CPU_c6	(1ULL << 13)
630 #define	BIC_CPU_c7	(1ULL << 14)
631 #define	BIC_ThreadC	(1ULL << 15)
632 #define	BIC_CoreTmp	(1ULL << 16)
633 #define	BIC_CoreCnt	(1ULL << 17)
634 #define	BIC_PkgTmp	(1ULL << 18)
635 #define	BIC_GFX_rc6	(1ULL << 19)
636 #define	BIC_GFXMHz	(1ULL << 20)
637 #define	BIC_Pkgpc2	(1ULL << 21)
638 #define	BIC_Pkgpc3	(1ULL << 22)
639 #define	BIC_Pkgpc6	(1ULL << 23)
640 #define	BIC_Pkgpc7	(1ULL << 24)
641 #define	BIC_Pkgpc8	(1ULL << 25)
642 #define	BIC_Pkgpc9	(1ULL << 26)
643 #define	BIC_Pkgpc10	(1ULL << 27)
644 #define BIC_CPU_LPI	(1ULL << 28)
645 #define BIC_SYS_LPI	(1ULL << 29)
646 #define	BIC_PkgWatt	(1ULL << 30)
647 #define	BIC_CorWatt	(1ULL << 31)
648 #define	BIC_GFXWatt	(1ULL << 32)
649 #define	BIC_PkgCnt	(1ULL << 33)
650 #define	BIC_RAMWatt	(1ULL << 34)
651 #define	BIC_PKG__	(1ULL << 35)
652 #define	BIC_RAM__	(1ULL << 36)
653 #define	BIC_Pkg_J	(1ULL << 37)
654 #define	BIC_Cor_J	(1ULL << 38)
655 #define	BIC_GFX_J	(1ULL << 39)
656 #define	BIC_RAM_J	(1ULL << 40)
657 #define	BIC_Mod_c6	(1ULL << 41)
658 #define	BIC_Totl_c0	(1ULL << 42)
659 #define	BIC_Any_c0	(1ULL << 43)
660 #define	BIC_GFX_c0	(1ULL << 44)
661 #define	BIC_CPUGFX	(1ULL << 45)
662 #define	BIC_Core	(1ULL << 46)
663 #define	BIC_CPU		(1ULL << 47)
664 #define	BIC_APIC	(1ULL << 48)
665 #define	BIC_X2APIC	(1ULL << 49)
666 #define	BIC_Die		(1ULL << 50)
667 #define	BIC_GFXACTMHz	(1ULL << 51)
668 #define	BIC_IPC		(1ULL << 52)
669 
670 #define BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT	(BIC_USEC | BIC_TOD | BIC_APIC | BIC_X2APIC)
671 
672 unsigned long long bic_enabled = (0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL & ~BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
673 unsigned long long bic_present = BIC_USEC | BIC_TOD | BIC_sysfs | BIC_APIC | BIC_X2APIC;
674 
675 #define DO_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled & bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
676 #define DO_BIC_READ(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
677 #define ENABLE_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled |= COUNTER_NAME)
678 #define BIC_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present |= COUNTER_BIT)
679 #define BIC_NOT_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present &= ~COUNTER_BIT)
680 #define BIC_IS_ENABLED(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_enabled & COUNTER_BIT)
681 
682 #define MAX_DEFERRED 16
683 char *deferred_skip_names[MAX_DEFERRED];
684 int deferred_skip_index;
685 
686 /*
687  * HIDE_LIST - hide this list of counters, show the rest [default]
688  * SHOW_LIST - show this list of counters, hide the rest
689  */
690 enum show_hide_mode { SHOW_LIST, HIDE_LIST } global_show_hide_mode = HIDE_LIST;
691 
692 void help(void)
693 {
694 	fprintf(outf,
695 		"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
696 		"\n"
697 		"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
698 		"when COMMAND completes.\n"
699 		"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
700 		"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
701 		"  -a, --add	add a counter\n"
702 		"		  eg. --add msr0x10,u64,cpu,delta,MY_TSC\n"
703 		"  -c, --cpu	cpu-set	limit output to summary plus cpu-set:\n"
704 		"		  {core | package | j,k,l..m,n-p }\n"
705 		"  -d, --debug	displays usec, Time_Of_Day_Seconds and more debugging\n"
706 		"  -D, --Dump	displays the raw counter values\n"
707 		"  -e, --enable	[all | column]\n"
708 		"		shows all or the specified disabled column\n"
709 		"  -H, --hide [column|column,column,...]\n"
710 		"		hide the specified column(s)\n"
711 		"  -i, --interval sec.subsec\n"
712 		"		Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
713 		"  -J, --Joules	displays energy in Joules instead of Watts\n"
714 		"  -l, --list	list column headers only\n"
715 		"  -n, --num_iterations num\n"
716 		"		number of the measurement iterations\n"
717 		"  -o, --out file\n"
718 		"		create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
719 		"  -q, --quiet	skip decoding system configuration header\n"
720 		"  -s, --show [column|column,column,...]\n"
721 		"		show only the specified column(s)\n"
722 		"  -S, --Summary\n"
723 		"		limits output to 1-line system summary per interval\n"
724 		"  -T, --TCC temperature\n"
725 		"		sets the Thermal Control Circuit temperature in\n"
726 		"		  degrees Celsius\n"
727 		"  -h, --help	print this help message\n"
728 		"  -v, --version	print version information\n" "\n" "For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
729 }
730 
731 /*
732  * bic_lookup
733  * for all the strings in comma separate name_list,
734  * set the approprate bit in return value.
735  */
736 unsigned long long bic_lookup(char *name_list, enum show_hide_mode mode)
737 {
738 	int i;
739 	unsigned long long retval = 0;
740 
741 	while (name_list) {
742 		char *comma;
743 
744 		comma = strchr(name_list, ',');
745 
746 		if (comma)
747 			*comma = '\0';
748 
749 		if (!strcmp(name_list, "all"))
750 			return ~0;
751 
752 		for (i = 0; i < MAX_BIC; ++i) {
753 			if (!strcmp(name_list, bic[i].name)) {
754 				retval |= (1ULL << i);
755 				break;
756 			}
757 		}
758 		if (i == MAX_BIC) {
759 			if (mode == SHOW_LIST) {
760 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid counter name: %s\n", name_list);
761 				exit(-1);
762 			}
763 			deferred_skip_names[deferred_skip_index++] = name_list;
764 			if (debug)
765 				fprintf(stderr, "deferred \"%s\"\n", name_list);
766 			if (deferred_skip_index >= MAX_DEFERRED) {
767 				fprintf(stderr, "More than max %d un-recognized --skip options '%s'\n",
768 					MAX_DEFERRED, name_list);
769 				help();
770 				exit(1);
771 			}
772 		}
773 
774 		name_list = comma;
775 		if (name_list)
776 			name_list++;
777 
778 	}
779 	return retval;
780 }
781 
782 void print_header(char *delim)
783 {
784 	struct msr_counter *mp;
785 	int printed = 0;
786 
787 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_USEC))
788 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%susec", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
789 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TOD))
790 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTime_Of_Day_Seconds", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
791 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
792 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPackage", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
793 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die))
794 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sDie", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
795 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node))
796 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sNode", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
797 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
798 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCore", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
799 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
800 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
801 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
802 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAPIC", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
803 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
804 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sX2APIC", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
805 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
806 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAvg_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
807 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
808 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBusy%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
809 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz))
810 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBzy_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
811 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
812 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTSC_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
813 
814 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
815 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sIPC", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
816 
817 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
818 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
819 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s     IRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
820 		else
821 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sIRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
822 	}
823 
824 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
825 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSMI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
826 
827 	for (mp = sys.tp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
828 
829 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
830 			if (mp->width == 64)
831 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
832 			else
833 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
834 		} else {
835 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
836 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
837 			else
838 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
839 		}
840 	}
841 
842 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
843 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c1", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
844 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3))
845 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
846 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
847 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
848 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
849 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
850 
851 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
852 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sMod%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
853 
854 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
855 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCoreTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
856 
857 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
858 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
859 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCorWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
860 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
861 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
862 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCor_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
863 	}
864 
865 	for (mp = sys.cp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
866 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
867 			if (mp->width == 64)
868 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
869 			else
870 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
871 		} else {
872 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
873 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
874 			else
875 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
876 		}
877 	}
878 
879 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
880 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
881 
882 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
883 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%rc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
884 
885 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
886 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXMHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
887 
888 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
889 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXAMHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
890 
891 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
892 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTotl%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
893 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
894 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAny%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
895 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
896 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
897 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
898 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPUGFX%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
899 
900 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
901 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc2", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
902 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
903 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
904 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
905 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
906 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
907 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
908 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
909 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc8", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
910 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
911 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc9", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
912 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
913 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPk%%pc10", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
914 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
915 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%LPI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
916 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
917 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSYS%%LPI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
918 
919 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
920 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
921 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
922 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
923 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCorWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
924 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
925 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
926 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
927 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAMWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
928 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
929 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
930 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
931 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
932 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
933 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
934 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
935 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
936 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCor_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
937 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
938 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
939 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
940 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
941 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
942 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
943 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
944 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
945 	}
946 	for (mp = sys.pp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
947 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
948 			if (mp->width == 64)
949 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
950 			else
951 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
952 		} else {
953 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
954 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
955 			else
956 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
957 		}
958 	}
959 
960 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
961 }
962 
963 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
964 {
965 	int i;
966 	struct msr_counter *mp;
967 
968 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
969 
970 	if (t) {
971 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n", t->cpu_id, t->flags);
972 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
973 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
974 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
975 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
976 
977 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
978 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IPC: %lld\n", t->instr_count);
979 
980 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
981 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %lld\n", t->irq_count);
982 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
983 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %d\n", t->smi_count);
984 
985 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
986 			outp += sprintf(outp, "tADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n", i, mp->msr_num, t->counter[i]);
987 		}
988 	}
989 
990 	if (c) {
991 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
992 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
993 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
994 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
995 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
996 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules: %0X\n", c->core_energy);
997 
998 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
999 			outp += sprintf(outp, "cADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n", i, mp->msr_num, c->counter[i]);
1000 		}
1001 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mc6_us: %016llX\n", c->mc6_us);
1002 	}
1003 
1004 	if (p) {
1005 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
1006 
1007 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
1008 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
1009 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
1010 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
1011 
1012 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
1013 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1014 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
1015 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1016 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
1017 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1018 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
1019 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
1020 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
1021 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
1022 		outp += sprintf(outp, "cpu_lpi: %016llX\n", p->cpu_lpi);
1023 		outp += sprintf(outp, "sys_lpi: %016llX\n", p->sys_lpi);
1024 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0llX\n", p->energy_pkg);
1025 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0llX\n", p->energy_cores);
1026 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0llX\n", p->energy_gfx);
1027 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0llX\n", p->energy_dram);
1028 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0llX\n", p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
1029 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0llX\n", p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
1030 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
1031 
1032 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1033 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n", i, mp->msr_num, p->counter[i]);
1034 		}
1035 	}
1036 
1037 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
1038 
1039 	return 0;
1040 }
1041 
1042 /*
1043  * column formatting convention & formats
1044  */
1045 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1046 {
1047 	double interval_float, tsc;
1048 	char *fmt8;
1049 	int i;
1050 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1051 	char *delim = "\t";
1052 	int printed = 0;
1053 
1054 	/* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
1055 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1056 		return 0;
1057 
1058 	/* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
1059 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1060 		return 0;
1061 
1062 	/*if not summary line and --cpu is used */
1063 	if ((t != &average.threads) && (cpu_subset && !CPU_ISSET_S(t->cpu_id, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset)))
1064 		return 0;
1065 
1066 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_USEC)) {
1067 		/* on each row, print how many usec each timestamp took to gather */
1068 		struct timeval tv;
1069 
1070 		timersub(&t->tv_end, &t->tv_begin, &tv);
1071 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%5ld\t", tv.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv.tv_usec);
1072 	}
1073 
1074 	/* Time_Of_Day_Seconds: on each row, print sec.usec last timestamp taken */
1075 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TOD))
1076 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%10ld.%06ld\t", t->tv_end.tv_sec, t->tv_end.tv_usec);
1077 
1078 	interval_float = t->tv_delta.tv_sec + t->tv_delta.tv_usec / 1000000.0;
1079 
1080 	tsc = t->tsc * tsc_tweak;
1081 
1082 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
1083 	if (t == &average.threads) {
1084 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
1085 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1086 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die))
1087 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1088 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node))
1089 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1090 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
1091 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1092 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
1093 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1094 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1095 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1096 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1097 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1098 	} else {
1099 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package)) {
1100 			if (p)
1101 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->package_id);
1102 			else
1103 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1104 		}
1105 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die)) {
1106 			if (c)
1107 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), cpus[t->cpu_id].die_id);
1108 			else
1109 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1110 		}
1111 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node)) {
1112 			if (t)
1113 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d",
1114 						(printed++ ? delim : ""), cpus[t->cpu_id].physical_node_id);
1115 			else
1116 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1117 		}
1118 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core)) {
1119 			if (c)
1120 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_id);
1121 			else
1122 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1123 		}
1124 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
1125 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->cpu_id);
1126 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1127 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->apic_id);
1128 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1129 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->x2apic_id);
1130 	}
1131 
1132 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
1133 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
1134 
1135 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
1136 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->mperf / tsc);
1137 
1138 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1139 		if (has_base_hz)
1140 			outp +=
1141 			    sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
1142 		else
1143 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1144 					tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
1145 	}
1146 
1147 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
1148 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 1.0 * t->tsc / units / interval_float);
1149 
1150 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
1151 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 1.0 * t->instr_count / t->aperf);
1152 
1153 	/* IRQ */
1154 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
1155 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
1156 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
1157 		else
1158 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
1159 	}
1160 
1161 	/* SMI */
1162 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1163 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->smi_count);
1164 
1165 	/* Added counters */
1166 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1167 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1168 			if (mp->width == 32)
1169 				outp +=
1170 				    sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int)t->counter[i]);
1171 			else
1172 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1173 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1174 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1175 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1176 			else
1177 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1178 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1179 			if (mp->type == COUNTER_USEC)
1180 				outp +=
1181 				    sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1182 					    t->counter[i] / interval_float / 10000);
1183 			else
1184 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->counter[i] / tsc);
1185 		}
1186 	}
1187 
1188 	/* C1 */
1189 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
1190 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->c1 / tsc);
1191 
1192 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
1193 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1194 		goto done;
1195 
1196 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3))
1197 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c3 / tsc);
1198 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
1199 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c6 / tsc);
1200 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
1201 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c7 / tsc);
1202 
1203 	/* Mod%c6 */
1204 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
1205 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->mc6_us / tsc);
1206 
1207 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
1208 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_temp_c);
1209 
1210 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1211 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1212 			if (mp->width == 32)
1213 				outp +=
1214 				    sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int)c->counter[i]);
1215 			else
1216 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1217 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1218 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1219 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1220 			else
1221 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1222 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1223 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->counter[i] / tsc);
1224 		}
1225 	}
1226 
1227 	fmt8 = "%s%.2f";
1228 
1229 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1230 		outp +=
1231 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_energy * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1232 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1233 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_energy * rapl_energy_units);
1234 
1235 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
1236 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1237 		goto done;
1238 
1239 	/* PkgTmp */
1240 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
1241 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->pkg_temp_c);
1242 
1243 	/* GFXrc6 */
1244 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6)) {
1245 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect GFX counter reset */
1246 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s**.**", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1247 		} else {
1248 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1249 					p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
1250 		}
1251 	}
1252 
1253 	/* GFXMHz */
1254 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
1255 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->gfx_mhz);
1256 
1257 	/* GFXACTMHz */
1258 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
1259 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->gfx_act_mhz);
1260 
1261 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
1262 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1263 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 / tsc);
1264 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1265 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0 / tsc);
1266 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1267 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 / tsc);
1268 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1269 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 / tsc);
1270 
1271 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
1272 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc2 / tsc);
1273 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1274 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc3 / tsc);
1275 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1276 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc6 / tsc);
1277 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1278 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc7 / tsc);
1279 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
1280 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc8 / tsc);
1281 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
1282 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc9 / tsc);
1283 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
1284 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc10 / tsc);
1285 
1286 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
1287 		outp +=
1288 		    sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->cpu_lpi / 1000000.0 / interval_float);
1289 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
1290 		outp +=
1291 		    sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->sys_lpi / 1000000.0 / interval_float);
1292 
1293 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
1294 		outp +=
1295 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1296 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1297 		outp +=
1298 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1299 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
1300 		outp +=
1301 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1302 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
1303 		outp +=
1304 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1305 			    p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
1306 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
1307 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
1308 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1309 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
1310 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
1311 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
1312 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
1313 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
1314 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
1315 		outp +=
1316 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1317 			    100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
1318 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
1319 		outp +=
1320 		    sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1321 			    100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
1322 
1323 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1324 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1325 			if (mp->width == 32)
1326 				outp +=
1327 				    sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int)p->counter[i]);
1328 			else
1329 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1330 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1331 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1332 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1333 			else
1334 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1335 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1336 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->counter[i] / tsc);
1337 		}
1338 	}
1339 
1340 done:
1341 	if (*(outp - 1) != '\n')
1342 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
1343 
1344 	return 0;
1345 }
1346 
1347 void flush_output_stdout(void)
1348 {
1349 	FILE *filep;
1350 
1351 	if (outf == stderr)
1352 		filep = stdout;
1353 	else
1354 		filep = outf;
1355 
1356 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
1357 	fflush(filep);
1358 
1359 	outp = output_buffer;
1360 }
1361 
1362 void flush_output_stderr(void)
1363 {
1364 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
1365 	fflush(outf);
1366 	outp = output_buffer;
1367 }
1368 
1369 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1370 {
1371 	static int printed;
1372 
1373 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
1374 		print_header("\t");
1375 
1376 	format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1377 
1378 	printed = 1;
1379 
1380 	if (summary_only)
1381 		return;
1382 
1383 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
1384 }
1385 
1386 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
1387 	old = ((((unsigned long long)new << 32) - ((unsigned long long)old << 32)) >> 32);
1388 
1389 int delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
1390 {
1391 	int i;
1392 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1393 
1394 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1395 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1396 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1397 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
1398 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1399 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1400 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1401 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1402 
1403 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
1404 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1405 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
1406 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1407 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
1408 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1409 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
1410 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
1411 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
1412 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
1413 	old->cpu_lpi = new->cpu_lpi - old->cpu_lpi;
1414 	old->sys_lpi = new->sys_lpi - old->sys_lpi;
1415 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
1416 
1417 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
1418 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms > new->gfx_rc6_ms)
1419 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
1420 	else
1421 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
1422 
1423 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
1424 	old->gfx_act_mhz = new->gfx_act_mhz;
1425 
1426 	old->energy_pkg = new->energy_pkg - old->energy_pkg;
1427 	old->energy_cores = new->energy_cores - old->energy_cores;
1428 	old->energy_gfx = new->energy_gfx - old->energy_gfx;
1429 	old->energy_dram = new->energy_dram - old->energy_dram;
1430 	old->rapl_pkg_perf_status = new->rapl_pkg_perf_status - old->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1431 	old->rapl_dram_perf_status = new->rapl_dram_perf_status - old->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1432 
1433 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1434 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1435 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1436 		else
1437 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1438 	}
1439 
1440 	return 0;
1441 }
1442 
1443 void delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
1444 {
1445 	int i;
1446 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1447 
1448 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
1449 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
1450 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
1451 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
1452 	old->mc6_us = new->mc6_us - old->mc6_us;
1453 
1454 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->core_energy, old->core_energy);
1455 
1456 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1457 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1458 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1459 		else
1460 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1461 	}
1462 }
1463 
1464 int soft_c1_residency_display(int bic)
1465 {
1466 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) || use_c1_residency_msr)
1467 		return 0;
1468 
1469 	return DO_BIC_READ(bic);
1470 }
1471 
1472 /*
1473  * old = new - old
1474  */
1475 int delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old, struct core_data *core_delta)
1476 {
1477 	int i;
1478 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1479 
1480 	/* we run cpuid just the 1st time, copy the results */
1481 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1482 		new->apic_id = old->apic_id;
1483 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1484 		new->x2apic_id = old->x2apic_id;
1485 
1486 	/*
1487 	 * the timestamps from start of measurement interval are in "old"
1488 	 * the timestamp from end of measurement interval are in "new"
1489 	 * over-write old w/ new so we can print end of interval values
1490 	 */
1491 
1492 	timersub(&new->tv_begin, &old->tv_begin, &old->tv_delta);
1493 	old->tv_begin = new->tv_begin;
1494 	old->tv_end = new->tv_end;
1495 
1496 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
1497 
1498 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
1499 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
1500 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
1501 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
1502 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
1503 
1504 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
1505 
1506 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_Avg_MHz)) {
1507 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
1508 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
1509 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
1510 		} else {
1511 			return -1;
1512 		}
1513 	}
1514 
1515 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1516 		/*
1517 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
1518 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
1519 		 */
1520 	} else {
1521 		/*
1522 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
1523 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
1524 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
1525 		 */
1526 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > (old->tsc * tsc_tweak))
1527 			old->c1 = 0;
1528 		else {
1529 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
1530 			old->c1 = (old->tsc * tsc_tweak) - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
1531 			    - core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
1532 		}
1533 	}
1534 
1535 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
1536 		if (debug > 1)
1537 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
1538 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
1539 	}
1540 
1541 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
1542 		old->instr_count = new->instr_count - old->instr_count;
1543 
1544 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1545 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
1546 
1547 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1548 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
1549 
1550 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1551 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1552 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1553 		else
1554 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1555 	}
1556 	return 0;
1557 }
1558 
1559 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1560 	      struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2, struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
1561 {
1562 	int retval = 0;
1563 
1564 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
1565 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
1566 		delta_core(c, c2);
1567 
1568 	/* always calculate thread delta */
1569 	retval = delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
1570 	if (retval)
1571 		return retval;
1572 
1573 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
1574 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
1575 		retval = delta_package(p, p2);
1576 
1577 	return retval;
1578 }
1579 
1580 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1581 {
1582 	int i;
1583 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1584 
1585 	t->tv_begin.tv_sec = 0;
1586 	t->tv_begin.tv_usec = 0;
1587 	t->tv_end.tv_sec = 0;
1588 	t->tv_end.tv_usec = 0;
1589 	t->tv_delta.tv_sec = 0;
1590 	t->tv_delta.tv_usec = 0;
1591 
1592 	t->tsc = 0;
1593 	t->aperf = 0;
1594 	t->mperf = 0;
1595 	t->c1 = 0;
1596 
1597 	t->instr_count = 0;
1598 
1599 	t->irq_count = 0;
1600 	t->smi_count = 0;
1601 
1602 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
1603 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
1604 
1605 	c->c3 = 0;
1606 	c->c6 = 0;
1607 	c->c7 = 0;
1608 	c->mc6_us = 0;
1609 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
1610 	c->core_energy = 0;
1611 
1612 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
1613 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
1614 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1615 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1616 
1617 	p->pc2 = 0;
1618 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1619 		p->pc3 = 0;
1620 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1621 		p->pc6 = 0;
1622 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1623 		p->pc7 = 0;
1624 	p->pc8 = 0;
1625 	p->pc9 = 0;
1626 	p->pc10 = 0;
1627 	p->cpu_lpi = 0;
1628 	p->sys_lpi = 0;
1629 
1630 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
1631 	p->energy_dram = 0;
1632 	p->energy_cores = 0;
1633 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
1634 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
1635 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
1636 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
1637 
1638 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
1639 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
1640 	p->gfx_act_mhz = 0;
1641 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1642 		t->counter[i] = 0;
1643 
1644 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1645 		c->counter[i] = 0;
1646 
1647 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1648 		p->counter[i] = 0;
1649 }
1650 
1651 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1652 {
1653 	int i;
1654 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1655 
1656 	/* copy un-changing apic_id's */
1657 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1658 		average.threads.apic_id = t->apic_id;
1659 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1660 		average.threads.x2apic_id = t->x2apic_id;
1661 
1662 	/* remember first tv_begin */
1663 	if (average.threads.tv_begin.tv_sec == 0)
1664 		average.threads.tv_begin = t->tv_begin;
1665 
1666 	/* remember last tv_end */
1667 	average.threads.tv_end = t->tv_end;
1668 
1669 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
1670 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
1671 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
1672 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
1673 
1674 	average.threads.instr_count += t->instr_count;
1675 
1676 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
1677 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
1678 
1679 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1680 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1681 			continue;
1682 		average.threads.counter[i] += t->counter[i];
1683 	}
1684 
1685 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
1686 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1687 		return 0;
1688 
1689 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
1690 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
1691 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
1692 	average.cores.mc6_us += c->mc6_us;
1693 
1694 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
1695 
1696 	average.cores.core_energy += c->core_energy;
1697 
1698 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1699 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1700 			continue;
1701 		average.cores.counter[i] += c->counter[i];
1702 	}
1703 
1704 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
1705 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1706 		return 0;
1707 
1708 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1709 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1710 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1711 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
1712 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1713 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1714 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1715 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1716 
1717 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
1718 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1719 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
1720 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1721 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
1722 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1723 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
1724 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
1725 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
1726 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
1727 
1728 	average.packages.cpu_lpi = p->cpu_lpi;
1729 	average.packages.sys_lpi = p->sys_lpi;
1730 
1731 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
1732 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
1733 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
1734 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
1735 
1736 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
1737 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
1738 	average.packages.gfx_act_mhz = p->gfx_act_mhz;
1739 
1740 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
1741 
1742 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1743 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1744 
1745 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1746 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1747 			continue;
1748 		average.packages.counter[i] += p->counter[i];
1749 	}
1750 	return 0;
1751 }
1752 
1753 /*
1754  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1755  * compute the weighted average
1756  */
1757 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1758 {
1759 	int i;
1760 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1761 
1762 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1763 
1764 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1765 
1766 	/* Use the global time delta for the average. */
1767 	average.threads.tv_delta = tv_delta;
1768 
1769 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1770 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1771 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1772 	average.threads.instr_count /= topo.num_cpus;
1773 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1774 
1775 	if (average.threads.irq_count > 9999999)
1776 		sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1777 
1778 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1779 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1780 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1781 	average.cores.mc6_us /= topo.num_cores;
1782 
1783 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1784 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1785 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1786 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1787 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1788 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1789 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1790 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1791 
1792 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1793 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1794 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1795 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1796 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1797 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1798 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1799 
1800 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1801 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1802 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1803 
1804 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1805 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1806 			continue;
1807 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1808 			if (average.threads.counter[i] > 9999999)
1809 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1810 			continue;
1811 		}
1812 		average.threads.counter[i] /= topo.num_cpus;
1813 	}
1814 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1815 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1816 			continue;
1817 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1818 			if (average.cores.counter[i] > 9999999)
1819 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1820 		}
1821 		average.cores.counter[i] /= topo.num_cores;
1822 	}
1823 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1824 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1825 			continue;
1826 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1827 			if (average.packages.counter[i] > 9999999)
1828 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1829 		}
1830 		average.packages.counter[i] /= topo.num_packages;
1831 	}
1832 }
1833 
1834 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1835 {
1836 	unsigned int low, high;
1837 
1838 	asm volatile ("rdtsc":"=a" (low), "=d"(high));
1839 
1840 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1841 }
1842 
1843 /*
1844  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1845  */
1846 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1847 {
1848 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1849 
1850 	if (!filep)
1851 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1852 	return filep;
1853 }
1854 
1855 /*
1856  * snapshot_sysfs_counter()
1857  *
1858  * return snapshot of given counter
1859  */
1860 unsigned long long snapshot_sysfs_counter(char *path)
1861 {
1862 	FILE *fp;
1863 	int retval;
1864 	unsigned long long counter;
1865 
1866 	fp = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1867 
1868 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &counter);
1869 	if (retval != 1)
1870 		err(1, "snapshot_sysfs_counter(%s)", path);
1871 
1872 	fclose(fp);
1873 
1874 	return counter;
1875 }
1876 
1877 int get_mp(int cpu, struct msr_counter *mp, unsigned long long *counterp)
1878 {
1879 	if (mp->msr_num != 0) {
1880 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, counterp))
1881 			return -1;
1882 	} else {
1883 		char path[128 + PATH_BYTES];
1884 
1885 		if (mp->flags & SYSFS_PERCPU) {
1886 			sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/%s", cpu, mp->path);
1887 
1888 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(path);
1889 		} else {
1890 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(mp->path);
1891 		}
1892 	}
1893 
1894 	return 0;
1895 }
1896 
1897 int get_epb(int cpu)
1898 {
1899 	char path[128 + PATH_BYTES];
1900 	unsigned long long msr;
1901 	int ret, epb = -1;
1902 	FILE *fp;
1903 
1904 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/power/energy_perf_bias", cpu);
1905 
1906 	fp = fopen(path, "r");
1907 	if (!fp)
1908 		goto msr_fallback;
1909 
1910 	ret = fscanf(fp, "%d", &epb);
1911 	if (ret != 1)
1912 		err(1, "%s(%s)", __func__, path);
1913 
1914 	fclose(fp);
1915 
1916 	return epb;
1917 
1918 msr_fallback:
1919 	get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr);
1920 
1921 	return msr & 0xf;
1922 }
1923 
1924 void get_apic_id(struct thread_data *t)
1925 {
1926 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
1927 
1928 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC)) {
1929 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1930 		__cpuid(1, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1931 
1932 		t->apic_id = (ebx >> 24) & 0xff;
1933 	}
1934 
1935 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1936 		return;
1937 
1938 	if (authentic_amd || hygon_genuine) {
1939 		unsigned int topology_extensions;
1940 
1941 		if (max_extended_level < 0x8000001e)
1942 			return;
1943 
1944 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1945 		__cpuid(0x80000001, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1946 		topology_extensions = ecx & (1 << 22);
1947 
1948 		if (topology_extensions == 0)
1949 			return;
1950 
1951 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1952 		__cpuid(0x8000001e, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1953 
1954 		t->x2apic_id = eax;
1955 		return;
1956 	}
1957 
1958 	if (!genuine_intel)
1959 		return;
1960 
1961 	if (max_level < 0xb)
1962 		return;
1963 
1964 	ecx = 0;
1965 	__cpuid(0xb, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1966 	t->x2apic_id = edx;
1967 
1968 	if (debug && (t->apic_id != (t->x2apic_id & 0xff)))
1969 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: BIOS BUG: apic 0x%x x2apic 0x%x\n", t->cpu_id, t->apic_id, t->x2apic_id);
1970 }
1971 
1972 /*
1973  * get_counters(...)
1974  * migrate to cpu
1975  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1976  */
1977 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1978 {
1979 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1980 	unsigned long long msr;
1981 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1982 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1983 	int i;
1984 
1985 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1986 		fprintf(outf, "get_counters: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1987 		return -1;
1988 	}
1989 
1990 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_begin, (struct timezone *)NULL);
1991 
1992 	if (first_counter_read)
1993 		get_apic_id(t);
1994 retry:
1995 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1996 
1997 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_Avg_MHz)) {
1998 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1999 
2000 		/*
2001 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
2002 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
2003 		 *
2004 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
2005 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
2006 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
2007 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
2008 		 */
2009 
2010 		/*
2011 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
2012 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
2013 		 */
2014 
2015 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
2016 			return -3;
2017 
2018 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
2019 
2020 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
2021 
2022 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
2023 			return -3;
2024 
2025 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
2026 
2027 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
2028 			return -4;
2029 
2030 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
2031 
2032 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
2033 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
2034 
2035 		/*
2036 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
2037 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
2038 		 */
2039 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
2040 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
2041 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
2042 				goto retry;
2043 			else
2044 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld", cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
2045 		}
2046 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
2047 
2048 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
2049 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
2050 	}
2051 
2052 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IPC))
2053 		if (read(get_instr_count_fd(cpu), &t->instr_count, sizeof(long long)) != sizeof(long long))
2054 			return -4;
2055 
2056 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
2057 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
2058 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI)) {
2059 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
2060 			return -5;
2061 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
2062 	}
2063 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) && use_c1_residency_msr) {
2064 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
2065 			return -6;
2066 	}
2067 
2068 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
2069 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &t->counter[i]))
2070 			return -10;
2071 	}
2072 
2073 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
2074 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
2075 		goto done;
2076 
2077 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c3)) {
2078 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
2079 			return -6;
2080 	}
2081 
2082 	if ((DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c6)) && !do_knl_cstates) {
2083 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
2084 			return -7;
2085 	} else if (do_knl_cstates || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c6)) {
2086 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
2087 			return -7;
2088 	}
2089 
2090 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c7)) {
2091 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
2092 			return -8;
2093 		else if (t->is_atom) {
2094 			/*
2095 			 * For Atom CPUs that has core cstate deeper than c6,
2096 			 * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY returns residency of cc6 and deeper.
2097 			 * Minus CC7 (and deeper cstates) residency to get
2098 			 * accturate cc6 residency.
2099 			 */
2100 			c->c6 -= c->c7;
2101 		}
2102 	}
2103 
2104 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
2105 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_MODULE_C6_RES_MS, &c->mc6_us))
2106 			return -8;
2107 
2108 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp)) {
2109 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2110 			return -9;
2111 		c->core_temp_c = tj_max - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
2112 	}
2113 
2114 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
2115 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT, &msr))
2116 			return -14;
2117 		c->core_energy = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
2118 	}
2119 
2120 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
2121 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &c->counter[i]))
2122 			return -10;
2123 	}
2124 
2125 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
2126 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2127 		goto done;
2128 
2129 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0)) {
2130 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
2131 			return -10;
2132 	}
2133 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0)) {
2134 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
2135 			return -11;
2136 	}
2137 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0)) {
2138 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
2139 			return -12;
2140 	}
2141 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX)) {
2142 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
2143 			return -13;
2144 	}
2145 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
2146 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
2147 			return -9;
2148 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6)) {
2149 		if (do_slm_cstates) {
2150 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_ATOM_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
2151 				return -10;
2152 		} else {
2153 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
2154 				return -10;
2155 		}
2156 	}
2157 
2158 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
2159 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
2160 			return -11;
2161 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
2162 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
2163 			return -12;
2164 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
2165 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
2166 			return -13;
2167 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
2168 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
2169 			return -13;
2170 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
2171 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
2172 			return -13;
2173 
2174 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
2175 		p->cpu_lpi = cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us;
2176 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
2177 		p->sys_lpi = cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us;
2178 
2179 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
2180 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2181 			return -13;
2182 		p->energy_pkg = msr;
2183 	}
2184 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS) {
2185 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2186 			return -14;
2187 		p->energy_cores = msr;
2188 	}
2189 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
2190 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2191 			return -15;
2192 		p->energy_dram = msr;
2193 	}
2194 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
2195 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2196 			return -16;
2197 		p->energy_gfx = msr;
2198 	}
2199 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
2200 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
2201 			return -16;
2202 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr;
2203 	}
2204 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
2205 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
2206 			return -16;
2207 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr;
2208 	}
2209 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
2210 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT, &msr))
2211 			return -13;
2212 		p->energy_pkg = msr;
2213 	}
2214 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp)) {
2215 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2216 			return -17;
2217 		p->pkg_temp_c = tj_max - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
2218 	}
2219 
2220 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
2221 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
2222 
2223 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
2224 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
2225 
2226 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
2227 		p->gfx_act_mhz = gfx_act_mhz;
2228 
2229 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
2230 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &p->counter[i]))
2231 			return -10;
2232 	}
2233 done:
2234 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_end, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2235 
2236 	return 0;
2237 }
2238 
2239 /*
2240  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
2241  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
2242  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
2243  */
2244 
2245 #define PCLUKN 0		/* Unknown */
2246 #define PCLRSV 1		/* Reserved */
2247 #define PCL__0 2		/* PC0 */
2248 #define PCL__1 3		/* PC1 */
2249 #define PCL__2 4		/* PC2 */
2250 #define PCL__3 5		/* PC3 */
2251 #define PCL__4 6		/* PC4 */
2252 #define PCL__6 7		/* PC6 */
2253 #define PCL_6N 8		/* PC6 No Retention */
2254 #define PCL_6R 9		/* PC6 Retention */
2255 #define PCL__7 10		/* PC7 */
2256 #define PCL_7S 11		/* PC7 Shrink */
2257 #define PCL__8 12		/* PC8 */
2258 #define PCL__9 13		/* PC9 */
2259 #define PCL_10 14		/* PC10 */
2260 #define PCLUNL 15		/* Unlimited */
2261 
2262 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
2263 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
2264 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "pc10", "unlimited"
2265 };
2266 
2267 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2268     { PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2269 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2270 };
2271 
2272 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2273     { PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2274 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2275 };
2276 
2277 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2278     { PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2279 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2280 };
2281 
2282 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2283     { PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2284 	PCL__6, PCL__7
2285 };
2286 
2287 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2288     { PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2289 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2290 };
2291 
2292 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2293     { PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2294 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2295 };
2296 
2297 int glm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2298     { PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCL_10, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2299 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2300 };
2301 
2302 int skx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2303     { PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2304 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2305 };
2306 
2307 int icx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] =
2308     { PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__6, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV,
2309 	PCLRSV, PCLRSV
2310 };
2311 
2312 static void calculate_tsc_tweak()
2313 {
2314 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
2315 }
2316 
2317 void prewake_cstate_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
2318 
2319 static void dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
2320 {
2321 	unsigned long long msr;
2322 	unsigned int ratio;
2323 
2324 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2325 
2326 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2327 
2328 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2329 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max efficiency frequency\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2330 
2331 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2332 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2333 
2334 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
2335 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
2336 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
2337 
2338 	/* C-state Pre-wake Disable (CSTATE_PREWAKE_DISABLE) */
2339 	if (dis_cstate_prewake)
2340 		fprintf(outf, "C-state Pre-wake: %sabled\n", msr & 0x40000000 ? "DIS" : "EN");
2341 
2342 	return;
2343 }
2344 
2345 static void dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2346 {
2347 	unsigned long long msr;
2348 	unsigned int ratio;
2349 
2350 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
2351 
2352 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2353 
2354 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2355 	if (ratio)
2356 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2357 
2358 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2359 	if (ratio)
2360 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2361 	return;
2362 }
2363 
2364 static void dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2365 {
2366 	unsigned long long msr;
2367 	unsigned int ratio;
2368 
2369 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
2370 
2371 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2372 
2373 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
2374 	if (ratio)
2375 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2376 
2377 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
2378 	if (ratio)
2379 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2380 
2381 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2382 	if (ratio)
2383 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2384 
2385 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
2386 	if (ratio)
2387 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2388 
2389 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
2390 	if (ratio)
2391 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2392 
2393 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
2394 	if (ratio)
2395 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2396 
2397 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2398 	if (ratio)
2399 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2400 
2401 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2402 	if (ratio)
2403 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2404 	return;
2405 }
2406 
2407 int has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(int family, int model)
2408 {
2409 
2410 	if (!genuine_intel)
2411 		return 0;
2412 
2413 	switch (model) {
2414 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
2415 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
2416 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:
2417 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:
2418 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:
2419 		return 1;
2420 	}
2421 	return 0;
2422 }
2423 
2424 static void dump_turbo_ratio_limits(int family, int model)
2425 {
2426 	unsigned long long msr, core_counts;
2427 	unsigned int ratio, group_size;
2428 
2429 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2430 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2431 
2432 	if (has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(family, model)) {
2433 		get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &core_counts);
2434 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, core_counts);
2435 	} else {
2436 		core_counts = 0x0807060504030201;
2437 	}
2438 
2439 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
2440 	group_size = (core_counts >> 56) & 0xFF;
2441 	if (ratio)
2442 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2443 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2444 
2445 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
2446 	group_size = (core_counts >> 48) & 0xFF;
2447 	if (ratio)
2448 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2449 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2450 
2451 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2452 	group_size = (core_counts >> 40) & 0xFF;
2453 	if (ratio)
2454 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2455 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2456 
2457 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
2458 	group_size = (core_counts >> 32) & 0xFF;
2459 	if (ratio)
2460 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2461 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2462 
2463 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
2464 	group_size = (core_counts >> 24) & 0xFF;
2465 	if (ratio)
2466 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2467 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2468 
2469 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
2470 	group_size = (core_counts >> 16) & 0xFF;
2471 	if (ratio)
2472 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2473 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2474 
2475 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2476 	group_size = (core_counts >> 8) & 0xFF;
2477 	if (ratio)
2478 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2479 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2480 
2481 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2482 	group_size = (core_counts >> 0) & 0xFF;
2483 	if (ratio)
2484 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2485 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2486 	return;
2487 }
2488 
2489 static void dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2490 {
2491 	unsigned long long msr;
2492 	unsigned int ratio;
2493 
2494 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS, &msr);
2495 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
2496 
2497 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2498 	if (ratio)
2499 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz minimum operating frequency\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2500 
2501 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
2502 	if (ratio)
2503 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz low frequency mode (LFM)\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2504 
2505 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
2506 	if (ratio)
2507 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2508 
2509 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS, &msr);
2510 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
2511 
2512 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0x3F;
2513 	if (ratio)
2514 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2515 
2516 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
2517 	if (ratio)
2518 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2519 
2520 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
2521 	if (ratio)
2522 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2523 
2524 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2525 	if (ratio)
2526 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 1 active core\n", ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2527 }
2528 
2529 static void dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2530 {
2531 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
2532 
2533 	unsigned long long msr;
2534 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
2535 	int i, b_nr;
2536 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
2537 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
2538 
2539 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2540 
2541 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2542 
2543 	/*
2544 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
2545 	 * [0] -- Reserved
2546 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
2547 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
2548 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
2549 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
2550 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
2551 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
2552 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
2553 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
2554 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
2555 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
2556 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
2557 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
2558 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
2559 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
2560 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
2561 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
2562 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
2563 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
2564 	 */
2565 
2566 	b_nr = 0;
2567 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
2568 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2569 
2570 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
2571 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
2572 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
2573 
2574 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
2575 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
2576 		b_nr++;
2577 	}
2578 
2579 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2580 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
2581 			fprintf(outf,
2582 				"%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2583 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
2584 }
2585 
2586 static void dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
2587 {
2588 	unsigned long long msr;
2589 
2590 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
2591 
2592 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2593 
2594 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked, pkg-cstate-limit=%d (%s)",
2595 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
2596 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
2597 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
2598 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
2599 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN", (unsigned int)msr & 0xF, pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
2600 
2601 #define AUTOMATIC_CSTATE_CONVERSION		(1UL << 16)
2602 	if (has_automatic_cstate_conversion) {
2603 		fprintf(outf, ", automatic c-state conversion=%s", (msr & AUTOMATIC_CSTATE_CONVERSION) ? "on" : "off");
2604 	}
2605 
2606 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2607 
2608 	return;
2609 }
2610 
2611 static void dump_config_tdp(void)
2612 {
2613 	unsigned long long msr;
2614 
2615 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
2616 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2617 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
2618 
2619 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
2620 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2621 	if (msr) {
2622 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2623 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2624 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2625 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2626 	}
2627 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2628 
2629 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
2630 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2631 	if (msr) {
2632 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2633 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2634 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2635 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2636 	}
2637 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2638 
2639 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
2640 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2641 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
2642 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
2643 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2644 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2645 
2646 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
2647 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2648 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
2649 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2650 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2651 }
2652 
2653 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = { 1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
2654 
2655 void print_irtl(void)
2656 {
2657 	unsigned long long msr;
2658 
2659 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
2660 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2661 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2662 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2663 
2664 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
2665 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2666 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2667 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2668 
2669 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
2670 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2671 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2672 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2673 
2674 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
2675 		return;
2676 
2677 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
2678 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2679 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2680 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2681 
2682 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
2683 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2684 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2685 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2686 
2687 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
2688 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2689 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2690 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2691 
2692 }
2693 
2694 void free_fd_percpu(void)
2695 {
2696 	int i;
2697 
2698 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num + 1; ++i) {
2699 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
2700 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
2701 	}
2702 
2703 	free(fd_percpu);
2704 }
2705 
2706 void free_all_buffers(void)
2707 {
2708 	int i;
2709 
2710 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
2711 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
2712 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
2713 
2714 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
2715 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
2716 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
2717 
2718 	free(thread_even);
2719 	free(core_even);
2720 	free(package_even);
2721 
2722 	thread_even = NULL;
2723 	core_even = NULL;
2724 	package_even = NULL;
2725 
2726 	free(thread_odd);
2727 	free(core_odd);
2728 	free(package_odd);
2729 
2730 	thread_odd = NULL;
2731 	core_odd = NULL;
2732 	package_odd = NULL;
2733 
2734 	free(output_buffer);
2735 	output_buffer = NULL;
2736 	outp = NULL;
2737 
2738 	free_fd_percpu();
2739 
2740 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
2741 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
2742 
2743 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
2744 		if (cpus[i].put_ids)
2745 			CPU_FREE(cpus[i].put_ids);
2746 	}
2747 	free(cpus);
2748 }
2749 
2750 /*
2751  * Parse a file containing a single int.
2752  * Return 0 if file can not be opened
2753  * Exit if file can be opened, but can not be parsed
2754  */
2755 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
2756 {
2757 	va_list args;
2758 	char path[PATH_MAX];
2759 	FILE *filep;
2760 	int value;
2761 
2762 	va_start(args, fmt);
2763 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
2764 	va_end(args);
2765 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
2766 	if (!filep)
2767 		return 0;
2768 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
2769 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
2770 	fclose(filep);
2771 	return value;
2772 }
2773 
2774 /*
2775  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
2776  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
2777  */
2778 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
2779 {
2780 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
2781 }
2782 
2783 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
2784 {
2785 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
2786 }
2787 
2788 int get_die_id(int cpu)
2789 {
2790 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/die_id", cpu);
2791 }
2792 
2793 int get_core_id(int cpu)
2794 {
2795 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
2796 }
2797 
2798 void set_node_data(void)
2799 {
2800 	int pkg, node, lnode, cpu, cpux;
2801 	int cpu_count;
2802 
2803 	/* initialize logical_node_id */
2804 	for (cpu = 0; cpu <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++cpu)
2805 		cpus[cpu].logical_node_id = -1;
2806 
2807 	cpu_count = 0;
2808 	for (pkg = 0; pkg < topo.num_packages; pkg++) {
2809 		lnode = 0;
2810 		for (cpu = 0; cpu <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++cpu) {
2811 			if (cpus[cpu].physical_package_id != pkg)
2812 				continue;
2813 			/* find a cpu with an unset logical_node_id */
2814 			if (cpus[cpu].logical_node_id != -1)
2815 				continue;
2816 			cpus[cpu].logical_node_id = lnode;
2817 			node = cpus[cpu].physical_node_id;
2818 			cpu_count++;
2819 			/*
2820 			 * find all matching cpus on this pkg and set
2821 			 * the logical_node_id
2822 			 */
2823 			for (cpux = cpu; cpux <= topo.max_cpu_num; cpux++) {
2824 				if ((cpus[cpux].physical_package_id == pkg) && (cpus[cpux].physical_node_id == node)) {
2825 					cpus[cpux].logical_node_id = lnode;
2826 					cpu_count++;
2827 				}
2828 			}
2829 			lnode++;
2830 			if (lnode > topo.nodes_per_pkg)
2831 				topo.nodes_per_pkg = lnode;
2832 		}
2833 		if (cpu_count >= topo.max_cpu_num)
2834 			break;
2835 	}
2836 }
2837 
2838 int get_physical_node_id(struct cpu_topology *thiscpu)
2839 {
2840 	char path[80];
2841 	FILE *filep;
2842 	int i;
2843 	int cpu = thiscpu->logical_cpu_id;
2844 
2845 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; i++) {
2846 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/node%i/cpulist", cpu, i);
2847 		filep = fopen(path, "r");
2848 		if (!filep)
2849 			continue;
2850 		fclose(filep);
2851 		return i;
2852 	}
2853 	return -1;
2854 }
2855 
2856 int get_thread_siblings(struct cpu_topology *thiscpu)
2857 {
2858 	char path[80], character;
2859 	FILE *filep;
2860 	unsigned long map;
2861 	int so, shift, sib_core;
2862 	int cpu = thiscpu->logical_cpu_id;
2863 	int offset = topo.max_cpu_num + 1;
2864 	size_t size;
2865 	int thread_id = 0;
2866 
2867 	thiscpu->put_ids = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
2868 	if (thiscpu->thread_id < 0)
2869 		thiscpu->thread_id = thread_id++;
2870 	if (!thiscpu->put_ids)
2871 		return -1;
2872 
2873 	size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
2874 	CPU_ZERO_S(size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2875 
2876 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings", cpu);
2877 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
2878 
2879 	if (!filep) {
2880 		warnx("%s: open failed", path);
2881 		return -1;
2882 	}
2883 	do {
2884 		offset -= BITMASK_SIZE;
2885 		if (fscanf(filep, "%lx%c", &map, &character) != 2)
2886 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse file", path);
2887 		for (shift = 0; shift < BITMASK_SIZE; shift++) {
2888 			if ((map >> shift) & 0x1) {
2889 				so = shift + offset;
2890 				sib_core = get_core_id(so);
2891 				if (sib_core == thiscpu->physical_core_id) {
2892 					CPU_SET_S(so, size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2893 					if ((so != cpu) && (cpus[so].thread_id < 0))
2894 						cpus[so].thread_id = thread_id++;
2895 				}
2896 			}
2897 		}
2898 	} while (!strncmp(&character, ",", 1));
2899 	fclose(filep);
2900 
2901 	return CPU_COUNT_S(size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2902 }
2903 
2904 /*
2905  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
2906  * skip non-present cpus
2907  */
2908 
2909 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func) (struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2910 			       struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2911 			       struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
2912 		   struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
2913 		   struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2, struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
2914 {
2915 	int retval, pkg_no, node_no, core_no, thread_no;
2916 
2917 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
2918 		for (node_no = 0; node_no < topo.nodes_per_pkg; ++node_no) {
2919 			for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.cores_per_node; ++core_no) {
2920 				for (thread_no = 0; thread_no < topo.threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
2921 					struct thread_data *t, *t2;
2922 					struct core_data *c, *c2;
2923 					struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
2924 
2925 					t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
2926 
2927 					if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
2928 						continue;
2929 
2930 					t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
2931 
2932 					c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
2933 					c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, node_no, pkg_no);
2934 
2935 					p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
2936 					p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
2937 
2938 					retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
2939 					if (retval)
2940 						return retval;
2941 				}
2942 			}
2943 		}
2944 	}
2945 	return 0;
2946 }
2947 
2948 /*
2949  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
2950  * return max_cpu number
2951  */
2952 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func) (int))
2953 {
2954 	FILE *fp;
2955 	int cpu_num;
2956 	int retval;
2957 
2958 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
2959 
2960 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
2961 	if (retval != 0)
2962 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
2963 
2964 	while (1) {
2965 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
2966 		if (retval != 1)
2967 			break;
2968 
2969 		retval = func(cpu_num);
2970 		if (retval) {
2971 			fclose(fp);
2972 			return (retval);
2973 		}
2974 	}
2975 	fclose(fp);
2976 	return 0;
2977 }
2978 
2979 void re_initialize(void)
2980 {
2981 	free_all_buffers();
2982 	setup_all_buffers();
2983 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
2984 }
2985 
2986 void set_max_cpu_num(void)
2987 {
2988 	FILE *filep;
2989 	int base_cpu;
2990 	unsigned long dummy;
2991 	char pathname[64];
2992 
2993 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
2994 	if (base_cpu < 0)
2995 		err(1, "cannot find calling cpu ID");
2996 	sprintf(pathname, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings", base_cpu);
2997 
2998 	filep = fopen_or_die(pathname, "r");
2999 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
3000 	while (fscanf(filep, "%lx,", &dummy) == 1)
3001 		topo.max_cpu_num += BITMASK_SIZE;
3002 	fclose(filep);
3003 	topo.max_cpu_num--;	/* 0 based */
3004 }
3005 
3006 /*
3007  * count_cpus()
3008  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
3009  */
3010 int count_cpus(int cpu)
3011 {
3012 	topo.num_cpus++;
3013 	return 0;
3014 }
3015 
3016 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
3017 {
3018 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3019 	return 0;
3020 }
3021 
3022 int init_thread_id(int cpu)
3023 {
3024 	cpus[cpu].thread_id = -1;
3025 	return 0;
3026 }
3027 
3028 /*
3029  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
3030  *
3031  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
3032  *
3033  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3034  */
3035 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
3036 {
3037 	static FILE *fp;
3038 	int column, retval;
3039 
3040 	if (fp == NULL)
3041 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
3042 	else
3043 		rewind(fp);
3044 
3045 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
3046 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
3047 		int cpu_number;
3048 
3049 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
3050 		if (retval != 1)
3051 			break;
3052 
3053 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
3054 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
3055 			return 1;
3056 		}
3057 
3058 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
3059 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
3060 	}
3061 
3062 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
3063 	while (1) {
3064 		int column;
3065 		char buf[64];
3066 
3067 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
3068 		if (retval != 1)
3069 			break;
3070 
3071 		/* read the count per cpu */
3072 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
3073 
3074 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
3075 
3076 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
3077 			if (retval != 1)
3078 				break;
3079 
3080 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
3081 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
3082 
3083 		}
3084 
3085 		while (getc(fp) != '\n') ;	/* flush interrupt description */
3086 
3087 	}
3088 	return 0;
3089 }
3090 
3091 /*
3092  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
3093  *
3094  * record snapshot of
3095  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
3096  *
3097  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3098  */
3099 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
3100 {
3101 	FILE *fp;
3102 	int retval;
3103 
3104 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
3105 
3106 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
3107 	if (retval != 1)
3108 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
3109 
3110 	fclose(fp);
3111 
3112 	return 0;
3113 }
3114 
3115 /*
3116  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
3117  *
3118  * record snapshot of
3119  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
3120  *
3121  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3122  */
3123 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
3124 {
3125 	static FILE *fp;
3126 	int retval;
3127 
3128 	if (fp == NULL)
3129 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
3130 	else {
3131 		rewind(fp);
3132 		fflush(fp);
3133 	}
3134 
3135 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
3136 	if (retval != 1)
3137 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
3138 
3139 	return 0;
3140 }
3141 
3142 /*
3143  * snapshot_gfx_cur_mhz()
3144  *
3145  * record snapshot of
3146  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_act_freq_mhz
3147  *
3148  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3149  */
3150 int snapshot_gfx_act_mhz(void)
3151 {
3152 	static FILE *fp;
3153 	int retval;
3154 
3155 	if (fp == NULL)
3156 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_act_freq_mhz", "r");
3157 	else {
3158 		rewind(fp);
3159 		fflush(fp);
3160 	}
3161 
3162 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_act_mhz);
3163 	if (retval != 1)
3164 		err(1, "GFX ACT MHz");
3165 
3166 	return 0;
3167 }
3168 
3169 /*
3170  * snapshot_cpu_lpi()
3171  *
3172  * record snapshot of
3173  * /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us
3174  */
3175 int snapshot_cpu_lpi_us(void)
3176 {
3177 	FILE *fp;
3178 	int retval;
3179 
3180 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us", "r");
3181 
3182 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us);
3183 	if (retval != 1) {
3184 		fprintf(stderr, "Disabling Low Power Idle CPU output\n");
3185 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
3186 		fclose(fp);
3187 		return -1;
3188 	}
3189 
3190 	fclose(fp);
3191 
3192 	return 0;
3193 }
3194 
3195 /*
3196  * snapshot_sys_lpi()
3197  *
3198  * record snapshot of sys_lpi_file
3199  */
3200 int snapshot_sys_lpi_us(void)
3201 {
3202 	FILE *fp;
3203 	int retval;
3204 
3205 	fp = fopen_or_die(sys_lpi_file, "r");
3206 
3207 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us);
3208 	if (retval != 1) {
3209 		fprintf(stderr, "Disabling Low Power Idle System output\n");
3210 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
3211 		fclose(fp);
3212 		return -1;
3213 	}
3214 	fclose(fp);
3215 
3216 	return 0;
3217 }
3218 
3219 /*
3220  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
3221  *
3222  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
3223  */
3224 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
3225 {
3226 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
3227 		if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
3228 			return 1;
3229 
3230 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
3231 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
3232 
3233 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
3234 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
3235 
3236 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
3237 		snapshot_gfx_act_mhz();
3238 
3239 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
3240 		snapshot_cpu_lpi_us();
3241 
3242 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
3243 		snapshot_sys_lpi_us();
3244 
3245 	return 0;
3246 }
3247 
3248 int exit_requested;
3249 
3250 static void signal_handler(int signal)
3251 {
3252 	switch (signal) {
3253 	case SIGINT:
3254 		exit_requested = 1;
3255 		if (debug)
3256 			fprintf(stderr, " SIGINT\n");
3257 		break;
3258 	case SIGUSR1:
3259 		if (debug > 1)
3260 			fprintf(stderr, "SIGUSR1\n");
3261 		break;
3262 	}
3263 }
3264 
3265 void setup_signal_handler(void)
3266 {
3267 	struct sigaction sa;
3268 
3269 	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
3270 
3271 	sa.sa_handler = &signal_handler;
3272 
3273 	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL) < 0)
3274 		err(1, "sigaction SIGINT");
3275 	if (sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sa, NULL) < 0)
3276 		err(1, "sigaction SIGUSR1");
3277 }
3278 
3279 void do_sleep(void)
3280 {
3281 	struct timeval tout;
3282 	struct timespec rest;
3283 	fd_set readfds;
3284 	int retval;
3285 
3286 	FD_ZERO(&readfds);
3287 	FD_SET(0, &readfds);
3288 
3289 	if (ignore_stdin) {
3290 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
3291 		return;
3292 	}
3293 
3294 	tout = interval_tv;
3295 	retval = select(1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &tout);
3296 
3297 	if (retval == 1) {
3298 		switch (getc(stdin)) {
3299 		case 'q':
3300 			exit_requested = 1;
3301 			break;
3302 		case EOF:
3303 			/*
3304 			 * 'stdin' is a pipe closed on the other end. There
3305 			 * won't be any further input.
3306 			 */
3307 			ignore_stdin = 1;
3308 			/* Sleep the rest of the time */
3309 			rest.tv_sec = (tout.tv_sec + tout.tv_usec / 1000000);
3310 			rest.tv_nsec = (tout.tv_usec % 1000000) * 1000;
3311 			nanosleep(&rest, NULL);
3312 		}
3313 	}
3314 }
3315 
3316 int get_msr_sum(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
3317 {
3318 	int ret, idx;
3319 	unsigned long long msr_cur, msr_last;
3320 
3321 	if (!per_cpu_msr_sum)
3322 		return 1;
3323 
3324 	idx = offset_to_idx(offset);
3325 	if (idx < 0)
3326 		return idx;
3327 	/* get_msr_sum() = sum + (get_msr() - last) */
3328 	ret = get_msr(cpu, offset, &msr_cur);
3329 	if (ret)
3330 		return ret;
3331 	msr_last = per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[idx].last;
3332 	DELTA_WRAP32(msr_cur, msr_last);
3333 	*msr = msr_last + per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[idx].sum;
3334 
3335 	return 0;
3336 }
3337 
3338 timer_t timerid;
3339 
3340 /* Timer callback, update the sum of MSRs periodically. */
3341 static int update_msr_sum(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3342 {
3343 	int i, ret;
3344 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
3345 
3346 	for (i = IDX_PKG_ENERGY; i < IDX_COUNT; i++) {
3347 		unsigned long long msr_cur, msr_last;
3348 		off_t offset;
3349 
3350 		if (!idx_valid(i))
3351 			continue;
3352 		offset = idx_to_offset(i);
3353 		if (offset < 0)
3354 			continue;
3355 		ret = get_msr(cpu, offset, &msr_cur);
3356 		if (ret) {
3357 			fprintf(outf, "Can not update msr(0x%llx)\n", (unsigned long long)offset);
3358 			continue;
3359 		}
3360 
3361 		msr_last = per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[i].last;
3362 		per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[i].last = msr_cur & 0xffffffff;
3363 
3364 		DELTA_WRAP32(msr_cur, msr_last);
3365 		per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[i].sum += msr_last;
3366 	}
3367 	return 0;
3368 }
3369 
3370 static void msr_record_handler(union sigval v)
3371 {
3372 	for_all_cpus(update_msr_sum, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3373 }
3374 
3375 void msr_sum_record(void)
3376 {
3377 	struct itimerspec its;
3378 	struct sigevent sev;
3379 
3380 	per_cpu_msr_sum = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(struct msr_sum_array));
3381 	if (!per_cpu_msr_sum) {
3382 		fprintf(outf, "Can not allocate memory for long time MSR.\n");
3383 		return;
3384 	}
3385 	/*
3386 	 * Signal handler might be restricted, so use thread notifier instead.
3387 	 */
3388 	memset(&sev, 0, sizeof(struct sigevent));
3389 	sev.sigev_notify = SIGEV_THREAD;
3390 	sev.sigev_notify_function = msr_record_handler;
3391 
3392 	sev.sigev_value.sival_ptr = &timerid;
3393 	if (timer_create(CLOCK_REALTIME, &sev, &timerid) == -1) {
3394 		fprintf(outf, "Can not create timer.\n");
3395 		goto release_msr;
3396 	}
3397 
3398 	its.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
3399 	its.it_value.tv_nsec = 1;
3400 	/*
3401 	 * A wraparound time has been calculated early.
3402 	 * Some sources state that the peak power for a
3403 	 * microprocessor is usually 1.5 times the TDP rating,
3404 	 * use 2 * TDP for safety.
3405 	 */
3406 	its.it_interval.tv_sec = rapl_joule_counter_range / 2;
3407 	its.it_interval.tv_nsec = 0;
3408 
3409 	if (timer_settime(timerid, 0, &its, NULL) == -1) {
3410 		fprintf(outf, "Can not set timer.\n");
3411 		goto release_timer;
3412 	}
3413 	return;
3414 
3415 release_timer:
3416 	timer_delete(timerid);
3417 release_msr:
3418 	free(per_cpu_msr_sum);
3419 }
3420 
3421 /*
3422  * set_my_sched_priority(pri)
3423  * return previous
3424  */
3425 int set_my_sched_priority(int priority)
3426 {
3427 	int retval;
3428 	int original_priority;
3429 
3430 	errno = 0;
3431 	original_priority = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
3432 	if (errno && (original_priority == -1))
3433 		err(errno, "getpriority");
3434 
3435 	retval = setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, priority);
3436 	if (retval)
3437 		err(retval, "setpriority(%d)", priority);
3438 
3439 	errno = 0;
3440 	retval = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
3441 	if (retval != priority)
3442 		err(-1, "getpriority(%d) != setpriority(%d)", retval, priority);
3443 
3444 	return original_priority;
3445 }
3446 
3447 void turbostat_loop()
3448 {
3449 	int retval;
3450 	int restarted = 0;
3451 	int done_iters = 0;
3452 
3453 	setup_signal_handler();
3454 
3455 	/*
3456 	 * elevate own priority for interval mode
3457 	 */
3458 	set_my_sched_priority(-20);
3459 
3460 restart:
3461 	restarted++;
3462 
3463 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
3464 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3465 	first_counter_read = 0;
3466 	if (retval < -1) {
3467 		exit(retval);
3468 	} else if (retval == -1) {
3469 		if (restarted > 10) {
3470 			exit(retval);
3471 		}
3472 		re_initialize();
3473 		goto restart;
3474 	}
3475 	restarted = 0;
3476 	done_iters = 0;
3477 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3478 
3479 	while (1) {
3480 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
3481 			re_initialize();
3482 			goto restart;
3483 		}
3484 		do_sleep();
3485 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
3486 			goto restart;
3487 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3488 		if (retval < -1) {
3489 			exit(retval);
3490 		} else if (retval == -1) {
3491 			re_initialize();
3492 			goto restart;
3493 		}
3494 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3495 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
3496 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) {
3497 			re_initialize();
3498 			goto restart;
3499 		}
3500 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3501 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3502 		flush_output_stdout();
3503 		if (exit_requested)
3504 			break;
3505 		if (num_iterations && ++done_iters >= num_iterations)
3506 			break;
3507 		do_sleep();
3508 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
3509 			goto restart;
3510 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3511 		if (retval < -1) {
3512 			exit(retval);
3513 		} else if (retval == -1) {
3514 			re_initialize();
3515 			goto restart;
3516 		}
3517 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3518 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
3519 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) {
3520 			re_initialize();
3521 			goto restart;
3522 		}
3523 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
3524 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
3525 		flush_output_stdout();
3526 		if (exit_requested)
3527 			break;
3528 		if (num_iterations && ++done_iters >= num_iterations)
3529 			break;
3530 	}
3531 }
3532 
3533 void check_dev_msr()
3534 {
3535 	struct stat sb;
3536 	char pathname[32];
3537 
3538 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
3539 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
3540 		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
3541 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
3542 }
3543 
3544 /*
3545  * check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO
3546  * return 0 on success
3547  * return 1 on fail
3548  */
3549 int check_for_cap_sys_rawio(void)
3550 {
3551 	cap_t caps;
3552 	cap_flag_value_t cap_flag_value;
3553 
3554 	caps = cap_get_proc();
3555 	if (caps == NULL)
3556 		err(-6, "cap_get_proc\n");
3557 
3558 	if (cap_get_flag(caps, CAP_SYS_RAWIO, CAP_EFFECTIVE, &cap_flag_value))
3559 		err(-6, "cap_get\n");
3560 
3561 	if (cap_flag_value != CAP_SET) {
3562 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed," " try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
3563 		return 1;
3564 	}
3565 
3566 	if (cap_free(caps) == -1)
3567 		err(-6, "cap_free\n");
3568 
3569 	return 0;
3570 }
3571 
3572 void check_permissions(void)
3573 {
3574 	int do_exit = 0;
3575 	char pathname[32];
3576 
3577 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
3578 	do_exit += check_for_cap_sys_rawio();
3579 
3580 	/* test file permissions */
3581 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
3582 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
3583 		do_exit++;
3584 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
3585 	}
3586 
3587 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
3588 	if (do_exit)
3589 		if (getuid() != 0)
3590 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
3591 
3592 	if (do_exit)
3593 		exit(-6);
3594 }
3595 
3596 /*
3597  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
3598  *
3599  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
3600  *
3601  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
3602  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL     0x000000e2
3603  *
3604  * MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT               0x000001aa
3605  *
3606  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
3607  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
3608  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
3609  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
3610  *
3611  * Side effect:
3612  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL
3613  * sets has_misc_feature_control
3614  */
3615 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3616 {
3617 	unsigned long long msr;
3618 	unsigned int base_ratio;
3619 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
3620 
3621 	if (!genuine_intel)
3622 		return 0;
3623 
3624 	if (family != 6)
3625 		return 0;
3626 
3627 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
3628 
3629 	switch (model) {
3630 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
3631 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
3632 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
3633 		break;
3634 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:	/* SNB */
3635 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:	/* SNB Xeon */
3636 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3637 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3638 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
3639 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3640 		break;
3641 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
3642 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
3643 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3644 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
3645 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
3646 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
3647 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3648 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
3649 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
3650 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
3651 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3652 		break;
3653 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3654 		pkg_cstate_limits = skx_pkg_cstate_limits;
3655 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3656 		break;
3657 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:	/* ICX */
3658 		pkg_cstate_limits = icx_pkg_cstate_limits;
3659 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3660 		break;
3661 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
3662 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
3663 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
3664 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
3665 		break;
3666 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT:	/* AMT */
3667 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
3668 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
3669 		break;
3670 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI */
3671 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
3672 		break;
3673 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3674 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
3675 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
3676 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
3677 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:	/* JVL */
3678 		pkg_cstate_limits = glm_pkg_cstate_limits;
3679 		break;
3680 	default:
3681 		return 0;
3682 	}
3683 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
3684 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
3685 
3686 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
3687 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
3688 
3689 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
3690 	has_base_hz = 1;
3691 	return 1;
3692 }
3693 
3694 /*
3695  * SLV client has support for unique MSRs:
3696  *
3697  * MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3698  * MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3699  */
3700 
3701 int has_slv_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3702 {
3703 	if (!genuine_intel)
3704 		return 0;
3705 
3706 	switch (model) {
3707 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:
3708 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_MID:
3709 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT_MID:
3710 		return 1;
3711 	}
3712 	return 0;
3713 }
3714 
3715 int is_dnv(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3716 {
3717 
3718 	if (!genuine_intel)
3719 		return 0;
3720 
3721 	switch (model) {
3722 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:
3723 		return 1;
3724 	}
3725 	return 0;
3726 }
3727 
3728 int is_bdx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3729 {
3730 
3731 	if (!genuine_intel)
3732 		return 0;
3733 
3734 	switch (model) {
3735 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:
3736 		return 1;
3737 	}
3738 	return 0;
3739 }
3740 
3741 int is_skx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3742 {
3743 
3744 	if (!genuine_intel)
3745 		return 0;
3746 
3747 	switch (model) {
3748 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
3749 		return 1;
3750 	}
3751 	return 0;
3752 }
3753 
3754 int is_icx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3755 {
3756 
3757 	if (!genuine_intel)
3758 		return 0;
3759 
3760 	switch (model) {
3761 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:
3762 		return 1;
3763 	}
3764 	return 0;
3765 }
3766 
3767 int is_ehl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3768 {
3769 	if (!genuine_intel)
3770 		return 0;
3771 
3772 	switch (model) {
3773 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:
3774 		return 1;
3775 	}
3776 	return 0;
3777 }
3778 
3779 int is_jvl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3780 {
3781 	if (!genuine_intel)
3782 		return 0;
3783 
3784 	switch (model) {
3785 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:
3786 		return 1;
3787 	}
3788 	return 0;
3789 }
3790 
3791 int has_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3792 {
3793 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3794 		return 0;
3795 
3796 	switch (model) {
3797 		/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
3798 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
3799 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
3800 		return 0;
3801 	default:
3802 		return 1;
3803 	}
3804 }
3805 
3806 int has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3807 {
3808 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3809 		return 1;
3810 
3811 	return 0;
3812 }
3813 
3814 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3815 {
3816 	if (!genuine_intel)
3817 		return 0;
3818 
3819 	if (family != 6)
3820 		return 0;
3821 
3822 	switch (model) {
3823 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3824 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
3825 		return 1;
3826 	default:
3827 		return 0;
3828 	}
3829 }
3830 
3831 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3832 {
3833 	if (!genuine_intel)
3834 		return 0;
3835 
3836 	if (family != 6)
3837 		return 0;
3838 
3839 	switch (model) {
3840 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
3841 		return 1;
3842 	default:
3843 		return 0;
3844 	}
3845 }
3846 
3847 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3848 {
3849 	if (!genuine_intel)
3850 		return 0;
3851 
3852 	if (family != 6)
3853 		return 0;
3854 
3855 	switch (model) {
3856 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
3857 		return 1;
3858 	default:
3859 		return 0;
3860 	}
3861 }
3862 
3863 int has_glm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3864 {
3865 	if (!genuine_intel)
3866 		return 0;
3867 
3868 	if (family != 6)
3869 		return 0;
3870 
3871 	switch (model) {
3872 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
3873 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
3874 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:
3875 		return 1;
3876 	default:
3877 		return 0;
3878 	}
3879 }
3880 
3881 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3882 {
3883 	if (!genuine_intel)
3884 		return 0;
3885 
3886 	if (family != 6)
3887 		return 0;
3888 
3889 	switch (model) {
3890 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3891 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
3892 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3893 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
3894 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
3895 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
3896 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
3897 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3898 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
3899 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
3900 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3901 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:	/* ICX */
3902 
3903 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
3904 		return 1;
3905 	default:
3906 		return 0;
3907 	}
3908 }
3909 
3910 /*
3911  * tcc_offset_bits:
3912  * 0: Tcc Offset not supported (Default)
3913  * 6: Bit 29:24 of MSR_PLATFORM_INFO
3914  * 4: Bit 27:24 of MSR_PLATFORM_INFO
3915  */
3916 void check_tcc_offset(int model)
3917 {
3918 	unsigned long long msr;
3919 
3920 	if (!genuine_intel)
3921 		return;
3922 
3923 	switch (model) {
3924 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:
3925 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE:
3926 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_L:
3927 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE:
3928 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_L:
3929 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE:
3930 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE_L:
3931 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE:
3932 	case INTEL_FAM6_COMETLAKE:
3933 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr)) {
3934 			msr = (msr >> 30) & 1;
3935 			if (msr)
3936 				tcc_offset_bits = 6;
3937 		}
3938 		return;
3939 	default:
3940 		return;
3941 	}
3942 }
3943 
3944 static void remove_underbar(char *s)
3945 {
3946 	char *to = s;
3947 
3948 	while (*s) {
3949 		if (*s != '_')
3950 			*to++ = *s;
3951 		s++;
3952 	}
3953 
3954 	*to = 0;
3955 }
3956 
3957 static void dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3958 {
3959 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3960 		return;
3961 
3962 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
3963 
3964 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3965 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
3966 
3967 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3968 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
3969 
3970 	if (has_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3971 		dump_turbo_ratio_limits(family, model);
3972 
3973 	if (has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3974 		dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits();
3975 
3976 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3977 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
3978 
3979 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
3980 		dump_config_tdp();
3981 
3982 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
3983 }
3984 
3985 static void dump_sysfs_file(char *path)
3986 {
3987 	FILE *input;
3988 	char cpuidle_buf[64];
3989 
3990 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3991 	if (input == NULL) {
3992 		if (debug)
3993 			fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3994 		return;
3995 	}
3996 	if (!fgets(cpuidle_buf, sizeof(cpuidle_buf), input))
3997 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3998 	fclose(input);
3999 
4000 	fprintf(outf, "%s: %s", strrchr(path, '/') + 1, cpuidle_buf);
4001 }
4002 
4003 static void dump_sysfs_cstate_config(void)
4004 {
4005 	char path[64];
4006 	char name_buf[16];
4007 	char desc[64];
4008 	FILE *input;
4009 	int state;
4010 	char *sp;
4011 
4012 	if (access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle", R_OK)) {
4013 		fprintf(outf, "cpuidle not loaded\n");
4014 		return;
4015 	}
4016 
4017 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_driver");
4018 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_governor");
4019 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_governor_ro");
4020 
4021 	for (state = 0; state < 10; ++state) {
4022 
4023 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name", base_cpu, state);
4024 		input = fopen(path, "r");
4025 		if (input == NULL)
4026 			continue;
4027 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
4028 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
4029 
4030 		/* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
4031 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
4032 		if (!sp)
4033 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
4034 		*sp = '\0';
4035 		fclose(input);
4036 
4037 		remove_underbar(name_buf);
4038 
4039 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/desc", base_cpu, state);
4040 		input = fopen(path, "r");
4041 		if (input == NULL)
4042 			continue;
4043 		if (!fgets(desc, sizeof(desc), input))
4044 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
4045 
4046 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %s", base_cpu, name_buf, desc);
4047 		fclose(input);
4048 	}
4049 }
4050 
4051 static void dump_sysfs_pstate_config(void)
4052 {
4053 	char path[64];
4054 	char driver_buf[64];
4055 	char governor_buf[64];
4056 	FILE *input;
4057 	int turbo;
4058 
4059 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_driver", base_cpu);
4060 	input = fopen(path, "r");
4061 	if (input == NULL) {
4062 		fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
4063 		return;
4064 	}
4065 	if (!fgets(driver_buf, sizeof(driver_buf), input))
4066 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
4067 	fclose(input);
4068 
4069 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_governor", base_cpu);
4070 	input = fopen(path, "r");
4071 	if (input == NULL) {
4072 		fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
4073 		return;
4074 	}
4075 	if (!fgets(governor_buf, sizeof(governor_buf), input))
4076 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
4077 	fclose(input);
4078 
4079 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq driver: %s", base_cpu, driver_buf);
4080 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq governor: %s", base_cpu, governor_buf);
4081 
4082 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/boost");
4083 	input = fopen(path, "r");
4084 	if (input != NULL) {
4085 		if (fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo) != 1)
4086 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
4087 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq boost: %d\n", turbo);
4088 		fclose(input);
4089 	}
4090 
4091 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo");
4092 	input = fopen(path, "r");
4093 	if (input != NULL) {
4094 		if (fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo) != 1)
4095 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
4096 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq intel_pstate no_turbo: %d\n", turbo);
4097 		fclose(input);
4098 	}
4099 }
4100 
4101 /*
4102  * print_epb()
4103  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
4104  */
4105 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4106 {
4107 	char *epb_string;
4108 	int cpu, epb;
4109 
4110 	if (!has_epb)
4111 		return 0;
4112 
4113 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4114 
4115 	/* EPB is per-package */
4116 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4117 		return 0;
4118 
4119 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4120 		fprintf(outf, "print_epb: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4121 		return -1;
4122 	}
4123 
4124 	epb = get_epb(cpu);
4125 	if (epb < 0)
4126 		return 0;
4127 
4128 	switch (epb) {
4129 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
4130 		epb_string = "performance";
4131 		break;
4132 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
4133 		epb_string = "balanced";
4134 		break;
4135 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
4136 		epb_string = "powersave";
4137 		break;
4138 	default:
4139 		epb_string = "custom";
4140 		break;
4141 	}
4142 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: EPB: %d (%s)\n", cpu, epb, epb_string);
4143 
4144 	return 0;
4145 }
4146 
4147 /*
4148  * print_hwp()
4149  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
4150  */
4151 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4152 {
4153 	unsigned long long msr;
4154 	int cpu;
4155 
4156 	if (!has_hwp)
4157 		return 0;
4158 
4159 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4160 
4161 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
4162 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4163 		return 0;
4164 
4165 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4166 		fprintf(outf, "print_hwp: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4167 		return -1;
4168 	}
4169 
4170 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
4171 		return 0;
4172 
4173 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n", cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
4174 
4175 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
4176 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
4177 		return 0;
4178 
4179 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
4180 		return 0;
4181 
4182 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
4183 		"(high %d guar %d eff %d low %d)\n",
4184 		cpu, msr,
4185 		(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
4186 		(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
4187 		(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr), (unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
4188 
4189 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
4190 		return 0;
4191 
4192 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
4193 		"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
4194 		cpu, msr,
4195 		(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
4196 		(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
4197 		(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
4198 		(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
4199 		(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3), (unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
4200 
4201 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
4202 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
4203 			return 0;
4204 
4205 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
4206 			"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
4207 			cpu, msr,
4208 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
4209 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
4210 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
4211 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff), (unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
4212 	}
4213 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
4214 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4215 			return 0;
4216 
4217 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
4218 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
4219 			cpu, msr, ((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis", ((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
4220 	}
4221 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
4222 		return 0;
4223 
4224 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
4225 		"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
4226 		cpu, msr, ((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-", ((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
4227 
4228 	return 0;
4229 }
4230 
4231 /*
4232  * print_perf_limit()
4233  */
4234 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4235 {
4236 	unsigned long long msr;
4237 	int cpu;
4238 
4239 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4240 
4241 	/* per-package */
4242 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4243 		return 0;
4244 
4245 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4246 		fprintf(outf, "print_perf_limit: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4247 		return -1;
4248 	}
4249 
4250 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
4251 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
4252 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
4253 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
4254 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
4255 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
4256 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
4257 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
4258 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
4259 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
4260 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
4261 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
4262 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4263 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
4264 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4265 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
4266 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "", (msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
4267 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
4268 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
4269 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
4270 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
4271 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
4272 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
4273 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
4274 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
4275 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
4276 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4277 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
4278 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4279 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
4280 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "", (msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
4281 
4282 	}
4283 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
4284 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
4285 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
4286 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
4287 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4288 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4289 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4290 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4291 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
4292 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
4293 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "", (msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4294 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
4295 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4296 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4297 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4298 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4299 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
4300 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
4301 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "", (msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4302 	}
4303 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
4304 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
4305 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
4306 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
4307 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4308 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4309 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4310 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
4311 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "", (msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4312 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
4313 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4314 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4315 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4316 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
4317 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "", (msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4318 	}
4319 	return 0;
4320 }
4321 
4322 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
4323 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F	/* 6 bit time granularity */
4324 
4325 double get_tdp_intel(unsigned int model)
4326 {
4327 	unsigned long long msr;
4328 
4329 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
4330 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4331 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
4332 
4333 	switch (model) {
4334 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:
4335 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:
4336 		return 30.0;
4337 	default:
4338 		return 135.0;
4339 	}
4340 }
4341 
4342 double get_tdp_amd(unsigned int family)
4343 {
4344 	/* This is the max stock TDP of HEDT/Server Fam17h+ chips */
4345 	return 280.0;
4346 }
4347 
4348 /*
4349  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
4350  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
4351  */
4352 static double rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int model, double rapl_energy_units)
4353 {
4354 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
4355 
4356 	switch (model) {
4357 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4358 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4359 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4360 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4361 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
4362 	default:
4363 		return (rapl_energy_units);
4364 	}
4365 }
4366 
4367 void rapl_probe_intel(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4368 {
4369 	unsigned long long msr;
4370 	unsigned int time_unit;
4371 	double tdp;
4372 
4373 	if (family != 6)
4374 		return;
4375 
4376 	switch (model) {
4377 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
4378 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:
4379 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
4380 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4381 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
4382 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
4383 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
4384 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4385 		if (rapl_joules) {
4386 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4387 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4388 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
4389 		} else {
4390 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4391 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4392 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
4393 		}
4394 		break;
4395 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4396 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4397 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4398 		if (rapl_joules)
4399 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4400 		else
4401 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4402 		break;
4403 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
4404 		do_rapl =
4405 		    RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS
4406 		    | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4407 		if (rapl_joules) {
4408 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4409 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4410 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4411 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
4412 		} else {
4413 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4414 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4415 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4416 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
4417 		}
4418 		break;
4419 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:	/* JVL */
4420 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4421 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4422 		if (rapl_joules)
4423 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4424 		else
4425 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4426 		break;
4427 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4428 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4429 		do_rapl =
4430 		    RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS
4431 		    | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4432 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4433 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4434 		if (rapl_joules) {
4435 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4436 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4437 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4438 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
4439 		} else {
4440 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4441 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4442 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4443 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
4444 		}
4445 		break;
4446 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4447 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4448 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4449 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:	/* ICX */
4450 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4451 		do_rapl =
4452 		    RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS |
4453 		    RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4454 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4455 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4456 		if (rapl_joules) {
4457 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4458 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4459 		} else {
4460 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4461 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4462 		}
4463 		break;
4464 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
4465 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:
4466 		do_rapl =
4467 		    RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS |
4468 		    RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4469 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4470 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4471 		if (rapl_joules) {
4472 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4473 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4474 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4475 		} else {
4476 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4477 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4478 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4479 		}
4480 		break;
4481 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
4482 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
4483 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
4484 		if (rapl_joules) {
4485 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4486 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4487 		} else {
4488 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4489 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4490 		}
4491 		break;
4492 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
4493 		do_rapl =
4494 		    RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS |
4495 		    RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
4496 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4497 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4498 		if (rapl_joules) {
4499 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4500 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4501 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4502 		} else {
4503 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4504 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4505 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4506 		}
4507 		break;
4508 	default:
4509 		return;
4510 	}
4511 
4512 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
4513 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
4514 		return;
4515 
4516 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
4517 	if (model == INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT)
4518 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
4519 	else
4520 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
4521 
4522 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
4523 
4524 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
4525 	if (time_unit == 0)
4526 		time_unit = 0xA;
4527 
4528 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
4529 
4530 	tdp = get_tdp_intel(model);
4531 
4532 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
4533 	if (!quiet)
4534 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
4535 }
4536 
4537 void rapl_probe_amd(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4538 {
4539 	unsigned long long msr;
4540 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
4541 	unsigned int has_rapl = 0;
4542 	double tdp;
4543 
4544 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
4545 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4546 		/* RAPL (Fam 17h+) */
4547 		has_rapl = edx & (1 << 14);
4548 	}
4549 
4550 	if (!has_rapl || family < 0x17)
4551 		return;
4552 
4553 	do_rapl = RAPL_AMD_F17H | RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY;
4554 	if (rapl_joules) {
4555 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4556 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4557 	} else {
4558 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4559 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4560 	}
4561 
4562 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT, &msr))
4563 		return;
4564 
4565 	rapl_time_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr >> 16 & 0xf));
4566 	rapl_energy_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr >> 8 & 0x1f));
4567 	rapl_power_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr & 0xf));
4568 
4569 	tdp = get_tdp_amd(family);
4570 
4571 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
4572 	if (!quiet)
4573 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
4574 }
4575 
4576 /*
4577  * rapl_probe()
4578  *
4579  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
4580  */
4581 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4582 {
4583 	if (genuine_intel)
4584 		rapl_probe_intel(family, model);
4585 	if (authentic_amd || hygon_genuine)
4586 		rapl_probe_amd(family, model);
4587 }
4588 
4589 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4590 {
4591 	if (!genuine_intel)
4592 		return;
4593 
4594 	if (family != 6)
4595 		return;
4596 
4597 	switch (model) {
4598 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
4599 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4600 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
4601 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4602 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4603 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4604 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4605 	default:
4606 		return;
4607 	}
4608 }
4609 
4610 void automatic_cstate_conversion_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4611 {
4612 	if (is_skx(family, model) || is_bdx(family, model) || is_icx(family, model))
4613 		has_automatic_cstate_conversion = 1;
4614 }
4615 
4616 void prewake_cstate_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4617 {
4618 	if (is_icx(family, model))
4619 		dis_cstate_prewake = 1;
4620 }
4621 
4622 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4623 {
4624 	unsigned long long msr;
4625 	unsigned int dts, dts2;
4626 	int cpu;
4627 
4628 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
4629 		return 0;
4630 
4631 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4632 
4633 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
4634 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
4635 		return 0;
4636 
4637 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4638 		fprintf(outf, "print_thermal: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4639 		return -1;
4640 	}
4641 
4642 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
4643 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
4644 			return 0;
4645 
4646 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4647 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n", cpu, msr, tj_max - dts);
4648 
4649 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4650 			return 0;
4651 
4652 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4653 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
4654 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
4655 			cpu, msr, tj_max - dts, tj_max - dts2);
4656 	}
4657 
4658 	if (do_dts && debug) {
4659 		unsigned int resolution;
4660 
4661 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
4662 			return 0;
4663 
4664 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4665 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
4666 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
4667 			cpu, msr, tj_max - dts, resolution);
4668 
4669 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4670 			return 0;
4671 
4672 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4673 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
4674 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
4675 			cpu, msr, tj_max - dts, tj_max - dts2);
4676 	}
4677 
4678 	return 0;
4679 }
4680 
4681 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
4682 {
4683 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
4684 		cpu, label,
4685 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4686 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
4687 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3) / 4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
4688 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
4689 
4690 	return;
4691 }
4692 
4693 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4694 {
4695 	unsigned long long msr;
4696 	const char *msr_name;
4697 	int cpu;
4698 
4699 	if (!do_rapl)
4700 		return 0;
4701 
4702 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
4703 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4704 		return 0;
4705 
4706 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4707 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4708 		fprintf(outf, "print_rapl: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4709 		return -1;
4710 	}
4711 
4712 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
4713 		msr_name = "MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT";
4714 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT, &msr))
4715 			return -1;
4716 	} else {
4717 		msr_name = "MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT";
4718 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
4719 			return -1;
4720 	}
4721 
4722 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: 0x%08llx (%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr_name, msr,
4723 		rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
4724 
4725 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
4726 
4727 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4728 			return -5;
4729 
4730 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
4731 			cpu, msr,
4732 			((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4733 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4734 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4735 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
4736 
4737 	}
4738 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
4739 
4740 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4741 			return -9;
4742 
4743 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4744 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4745 
4746 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
4747 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
4748 			cpu,
4749 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4750 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
4751 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3) / 4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
4752 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4753 	}
4754 
4755 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
4756 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4757 			return -6;
4758 
4759 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
4760 			cpu, msr,
4761 			((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4762 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4763 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4764 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
4765 	}
4766 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
4767 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4768 			return -9;
4769 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4770 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4771 
4772 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
4773 	}
4774 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
4775 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
4776 			return -7;
4777 
4778 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
4779 	}
4780 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT) {
4781 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4782 			return -9;
4783 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4784 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4785 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
4786 	}
4787 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
4788 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
4789 			return -8;
4790 
4791 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
4792 
4793 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4794 			return -9;
4795 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4796 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4797 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
4798 	}
4799 	return 0;
4800 }
4801 
4802 /*
4803  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
4804  *
4805  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
4806  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
4807  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
4808  */
4809 
4810 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4811 {
4812 	if (!genuine_intel)
4813 		return 0;
4814 
4815 	switch (model) {
4816 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
4817 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
4818 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
4819 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
4820 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
4821 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW */
4822 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4823 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
4824 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
4825 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
4826 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4827 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4828 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4829 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4830 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:	/* ICX */
4831 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4832 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4833 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
4834 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
4835 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:	/* JVL */
4836 		return 1;
4837 	}
4838 	return 0;
4839 }
4840 
4841 /*
4842  * HSW ULT added support for C8/C9/C10 MSRs:
4843  *
4844  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
4845  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
4846  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
4847  *
4848  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
4849  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
4850  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
4851  *
4852  */
4853 int has_c8910_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4854 {
4855 	if (!genuine_intel)
4856 		return 0;
4857 
4858 	switch (model) {
4859 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4860 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
4861 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4862 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4863 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4864 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4865 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
4866 		return 1;
4867 	}
4868 	return 0;
4869 }
4870 
4871 /*
4872  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
4873  *
4874  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
4875  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
4876  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
4877  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
4878  */
4879 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4880 {
4881 	if (!genuine_intel)
4882 		return 0;
4883 
4884 	switch (model) {
4885 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4886 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4887 		return 1;
4888 	}
4889 	return 0;
4890 }
4891 
4892 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4893 {
4894 	if (!genuine_intel)
4895 		return 0;
4896 	switch (model) {
4897 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
4898 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
4899 		return 1;
4900 	}
4901 	return 0;
4902 }
4903 
4904 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4905 {
4906 	if (!genuine_intel)
4907 		return 0;
4908 	switch (model) {
4909 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4910 		return 1;
4911 	}
4912 	return 0;
4913 }
4914 
4915 int is_cnl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4916 {
4917 	if (!genuine_intel)
4918 		return 0;
4919 
4920 	switch (model) {
4921 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4922 		return 1;
4923 	}
4924 
4925 	return 0;
4926 }
4927 
4928 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4929 {
4930 	if (is_knl(family, model))
4931 		return 1024;
4932 	return 1;
4933 }
4934 
4935 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
4936 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0 };
4937 
4938 double slm_bclk(void)
4939 {
4940 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
4941 	unsigned int i;
4942 	double freq;
4943 
4944 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
4945 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
4946 
4947 	i = msr & 0xf;
4948 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
4949 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
4950 		i = 3;
4951 	}
4952 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
4953 
4954 	if (!quiet)
4955 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
4956 
4957 	return freq;
4958 }
4959 
4960 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4961 {
4962 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
4963 		return 100.00;
4964 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
4965 		return slm_bclk();
4966 	else
4967 		return 133.33;
4968 }
4969 
4970 int get_cpu_type(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4971 {
4972 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
4973 
4974 	if (!genuine_intel)
4975 		return 0;
4976 
4977 	if (cpu_migrate(t->cpu_id)) {
4978 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", t->cpu_id);
4979 		return -1;
4980 	}
4981 
4982 	if (max_level < 0x1a)
4983 		return 0;
4984 
4985 	__cpuid(0x1a, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4986 	eax = (eax >> 24) & 0xFF;
4987 	if (eax == 0x20)
4988 		t->is_atom = true;
4989 	return 0;
4990 }
4991 
4992 /*
4993  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
4994  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
4995  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
4996  *
4997  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
4998  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
4999  *
5000  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
5001  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
5002  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
5003  */
5004 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
5005 {
5006 	unsigned long long msr;
5007 	unsigned int tcc_default, tcc_offset;
5008 	int cpu;
5009 
5010 	/* tj_max is used only for dts or ptm */
5011 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
5012 		return 0;
5013 
5014 	/* this is a per-package concept */
5015 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
5016 		return 0;
5017 
5018 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
5019 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
5020 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
5021 		return -1;
5022 	}
5023 
5024 	if (tj_max_override != 0) {
5025 		tj_max = tj_max_override;
5026 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n", cpu, tj_max);
5027 		return 0;
5028 	}
5029 
5030 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
5031 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
5032 		goto guess;
5033 
5034 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
5035 		goto guess;
5036 
5037 	tcc_default = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
5038 
5039 	if (!quiet) {
5040 		switch (tcc_offset_bits) {
5041 		case 4:
5042 			tcc_offset = (msr >> 24) & 0xF;
5043 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C) (%d default - %d offset)\n",
5044 				cpu, msr, tcc_default - tcc_offset, tcc_default, tcc_offset);
5045 			break;
5046 		case 6:
5047 			tcc_offset = (msr >> 24) & 0x3F;
5048 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C) (%d default - %d offset)\n",
5049 				cpu, msr, tcc_default - tcc_offset, tcc_default, tcc_offset);
5050 			break;
5051 		default:
5052 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n", cpu, msr, tcc_default);
5053 			break;
5054 		}
5055 	}
5056 
5057 	if (!tcc_default)
5058 		goto guess;
5059 
5060 	tj_max = tcc_default;
5061 
5062 	return 0;
5063 
5064 guess:
5065 	tj_max = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
5066 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n", cpu, tj_max);
5067 
5068 	return 0;
5069 }
5070 
5071 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
5072 {
5073 	unsigned long long msr;
5074 
5075 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEAT_CTL, &msr))
5076 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
5077 			base_cpu, msr, msr & FEAT_CTL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-", msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
5078 }
5079 
5080 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
5081 {
5082 	unsigned long long msr;
5083 
5084 	if (!genuine_intel)
5085 		return;
5086 
5087 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
5088 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sTCC %sEIST %sMWAIT %sPREFETCH %sTURBO)\n",
5089 			base_cpu, msr,
5090 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TM1 ? "" : "No-",
5091 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP ? "" : "No-",
5092 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_MWAIT ? "" : "No-",
5093 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_PREFETCH_DISABLE ? "No-" : "",
5094 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TURBO_DISABLE ? "No-" : "");
5095 }
5096 
5097 void decode_misc_feature_control(void)
5098 {
5099 	unsigned long long msr;
5100 
5101 	if (!has_misc_feature_control)
5102 		return;
5103 
5104 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
5105 		fprintf(outf,
5106 			"cpu%d: MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sL2-Prefetch %sL2-Prefetch-pair %sL1-Prefetch %sL1-IP-Prefetch)\n",
5107 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (0 << 0) ? "No-" : "", msr & (1 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
5108 			msr & (2 << 0) ? "No-" : "", msr & (3 << 0) ? "No-" : "");
5109 }
5110 
5111 /*
5112  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
5113  *
5114  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
5115  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
5116  * bit[1] less so...
5117  */
5118 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
5119 {
5120 	unsigned long long msr;
5121 
5122 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
5123 		return;
5124 
5125 	if (no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT)
5126 		return;
5127 
5128 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
5129 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB %sable-OOB)\n",
5130 			base_cpu, msr,
5131 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN", msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS", msr & (1 << 8) ? "EN" : "DIS");
5132 }
5133 
5134 /*
5135  * Decode MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
5136  *
5137  * This MSRs are present on Silvermont processors,
5138  * Intel Atom processor E3000 series (Baytrail), and friends.
5139  */
5140 void decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr(void)
5141 {
5142 	unsigned long long msr;
5143 
5144 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
5145 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-CC6-Demotion)\n",
5146 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
5147 
5148 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
5149 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-MC6-Demotion)\n",
5150 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
5151 }
5152 
5153 /*
5154  * When models are the same, for the purpose of turbostat, reuse
5155  */
5156 unsigned int intel_model_duplicates(unsigned int model)
5157 {
5158 
5159 	switch (model) {
5160 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EP:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
5161 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
5162 	case 0x1F:		/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
5163 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
5164 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EP:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
5165 		return INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM;
5166 
5167 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
5168 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
5169 		return INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX;
5170 
5171 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
5172 		return INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL;
5173 
5174 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:
5175 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_D:	/* BDX-DE */
5176 		return INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X;
5177 
5178 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:
5179 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE:
5180 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_L:
5181 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE:
5182 	case INTEL_FAM6_COMETLAKE_L:
5183 	case INTEL_FAM6_COMETLAKE:
5184 		return INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L;
5185 
5186 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_L:
5187 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_NNPI:
5188 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE_L:
5189 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE:
5190 	case INTEL_FAM6_ROCKETLAKE:
5191 	case INTEL_FAM6_LAKEFIELD:
5192 	case INTEL_FAM6_ALDERLAKE:
5193 	case INTEL_FAM6_ALDERLAKE_L:
5194 		return INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L;
5195 
5196 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_L:
5197 		return INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT;
5198 
5199 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_D:
5200 	case INTEL_FAM6_SAPPHIRERAPIDS_X:
5201 		return INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X;
5202 	}
5203 	return model;
5204 }
5205 
5206 void print_dev_latency(void)
5207 {
5208 	char *path = "/dev/cpu_dma_latency";
5209 	int fd;
5210 	int value;
5211 	int retval;
5212 
5213 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
5214 	if (fd < 0) {
5215 		warn("fopen %s\n", path);
5216 		return;
5217 	}
5218 
5219 	retval = read(fd, (void *)&value, sizeof(int));
5220 	if (retval != sizeof(int)) {
5221 		warn("read %s\n", path);
5222 		close(fd);
5223 		return;
5224 	}
5225 	fprintf(outf, "/dev/cpu_dma_latency: %d usec (%s)\n", value, value == 2000000000 ? "default" : "constrained");
5226 
5227 	close(fd);
5228 }
5229 
5230 /*
5231  * Linux-perf manages the the HW instructions-retired counter
5232  * by enabling when requested, and hiding rollover
5233  */
5234 void linux_perf_init(void)
5235 {
5236 	if (!BIC_IS_ENABLED(BIC_IPC))
5237 		return;
5238 
5239 	if (access("/proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid", F_OK))
5240 		return;
5241 
5242 	fd_instr_count_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
5243 	if (fd_instr_count_percpu == NULL)
5244 		err(-1, "calloc fd_instr_count_percpu");
5245 
5246 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IPC);
5247 }
5248 
5249 void process_cpuid()
5250 {
5251 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
5252 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping, ecx_flags, edx_flags;
5253 	unsigned int has_turbo;
5254 	unsigned long long ucode_patch = 0;
5255 
5256 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
5257 
5258 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
5259 
5260 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && ecx == 0x6c65746e && edx == 0x49656e69)
5261 		genuine_intel = 1;
5262 	else if (ebx == 0x68747541 && ecx == 0x444d4163 && edx == 0x69746e65)
5263 		authentic_amd = 1;
5264 	else if (ebx == 0x6f677948 && ecx == 0x656e6975 && edx == 0x6e65476e)
5265 		hygon_genuine = 1;
5266 
5267 	if (!quiet)
5268 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s 0x%x CPUID levels\n",
5269 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx, max_level);
5270 
5271 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
5272 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
5273 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
5274 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
5275 	if (family == 0xf)
5276 		family += (fms >> 20) & 0xff;
5277 	if (family >= 6)
5278 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
5279 	ecx_flags = ecx;
5280 	edx_flags = edx;
5281 
5282 	if (get_msr(sched_getcpu(), MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, &ucode_patch))
5283 		warnx("get_msr(UCODE)\n");
5284 
5285 	/*
5286 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
5287 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
5288 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
5289 	 */
5290 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
5291 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
5292 
5293 	if (!quiet) {
5294 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d) microcode 0x%x\n",
5295 			family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping,
5296 			(unsigned int)((ucode_patch >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF));
5297 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x80000000): max_extended_levels: 0x%x\n", max_extended_level);
5298 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
5299 			ecx_flags & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
5300 			ecx_flags & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
5301 			ecx_flags & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
5302 			ecx_flags & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
5303 			ecx_flags & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
5304 			edx_flags & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
5305 			edx_flags & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
5306 			edx_flags & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
5307 			edx_flags & (1 << 28) ? "HT" : "-", edx_flags & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
5308 	}
5309 	if (genuine_intel) {
5310 		model_orig = model;
5311 		model = intel_model_duplicates(model);
5312 	}
5313 
5314 	if (!(edx_flags & (1 << 5)))
5315 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
5316 
5317 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
5318 
5319 		/*
5320 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
5321 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
5322 		 */
5323 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
5324 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
5325 	}
5326 
5327 	/*
5328 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
5329 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
5330 	 */
5331 
5332 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
5333 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
5334 	if (has_aperf) {
5335 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Avg_MHz);
5336 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Busy);
5337 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Bzy_MHz);
5338 	}
5339 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
5340 	if (do_dts)
5341 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CoreTmp);
5342 	has_turbo = eax & (1 << 1);
5343 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
5344 	if (do_ptm)
5345 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgTmp);
5346 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
5347 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
5348 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
5349 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
5350 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
5351 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
5352 
5353 	if (!quiet)
5354 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sTURBO, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
5355 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
5356 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
5357 			has_turbo ? "" : "No-",
5358 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
5359 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
5360 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
5361 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
5362 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
5363 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-", has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-", has_epb ? "" : "No-");
5364 
5365 	if (!quiet)
5366 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
5367 
5368 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && !quiet) {
5369 		int has_sgx;
5370 
5371 		ecx = 0;
5372 
5373 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
5374 
5375 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
5376 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
5377 
5378 		if (has_sgx)
5379 			decode_feature_control_msr();
5380 	}
5381 
5382 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
5383 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
5384 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
5385 
5386 		/*
5387 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
5388 		 */
5389 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
5390 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
5391 
5392 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
5393 
5394 			if (!quiet && (ebx != 0))
5395 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
5396 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
5397 
5398 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
5399 				switch (model) {
5400 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
5401 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
5402 					break;
5403 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
5404 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
5405 					break;
5406 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
5407 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
5408 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
5409 					break;
5410 				default:
5411 					crystal_hz = 0;
5412 				}
5413 
5414 			if (crystal_hz) {
5415 				tsc_hz = (unsigned long long)crystal_hz *ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
5416 				if (!quiet)
5417 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
5418 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc, eax_crystal);
5419 			}
5420 		}
5421 	}
5422 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
5423 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
5424 
5425 		/*
5426 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
5427 		 */
5428 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
5429 
5430 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
5431 		if (!quiet)
5432 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
5433 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
5434 	}
5435 
5436 	if (has_aperf)
5437 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
5438 
5439 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IRQ);
5440 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_TSC_MHz);
5441 
5442 	if (probe_nhm_msrs(family, model)) {
5443 		do_nhm_platform_info = 1;
5444 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
5445 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5446 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c6);
5447 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SMI);
5448 	}
5449 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
5450 
5451 	if (do_snb_cstates)
5452 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5453 
5454 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
5455 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2))
5456 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
5457 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3)
5458 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5459 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6)
5460 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
5461 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7))
5462 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5463 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model)) {
5464 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
5465 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5466 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
5467 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5468 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Mod_c6);
5469 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
5470 	}
5471 	if (is_jvl(family, model)) {
5472 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5473 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5474 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
5475 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5476 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
5477 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5478 	}
5479 	if (is_dnv(family, model)) {
5480 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
5481 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5482 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5483 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5484 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5485 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
5486 	}
5487 	if (is_skx(family, model) || is_icx(family, model)) {
5488 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5489 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5490 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5491 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5492 	}
5493 	if (is_bdx(family, model)) {
5494 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5495 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5496 	}
5497 	if (has_c8910_msrs(family, model)) {
5498 		if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__8)
5499 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc8);
5500 		if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__9)
5501 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc9);
5502 		if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL_10)
5503 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc10);
5504 	}
5505 	do_irtl_hsw = has_c8910_msrs(family, model);
5506 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model)) {
5507 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Totl_c0);
5508 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Any_c0);
5509 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_c0);
5510 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPUGFX);
5511 	}
5512 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
5513 	do_knl_cstates = is_knl(family, model);
5514 
5515 	if (do_slm_cstates || do_knl_cstates || is_cnl(family, model) || is_ehl(family, model))
5516 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5517 
5518 	if (!quiet)
5519 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
5520 
5521 	if (!quiet && has_slv_msrs(family, model))
5522 		decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr();
5523 
5524 	rapl_probe(family, model);
5525 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
5526 	automatic_cstate_conversion_probe(family, model);
5527 
5528 	check_tcc_offset(model_orig);
5529 
5530 	if (!quiet)
5531 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
5532 
5533 	if (!quiet)
5534 		print_dev_latency();
5535 	if (!quiet)
5536 		dump_sysfs_cstate_config();
5537 	if (!quiet)
5538 		dump_sysfs_pstate_config();
5539 
5540 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model) || is_ehl(family, model))
5541 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
5542 
5543 	if (!access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK))
5544 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_rc6);
5545 
5546 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK))
5547 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXMHz);
5548 
5549 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_act_freq_mhz", R_OK))
5550 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXACTMHz);
5551 
5552 	if (!access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us", R_OK))
5553 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
5554 	else
5555 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
5556 
5557 	if (!access(sys_lpi_file_sysfs, R_OK)) {
5558 		sys_lpi_file = sys_lpi_file_sysfs;
5559 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5560 	} else if (!access(sys_lpi_file_debugfs, R_OK)) {
5561 		sys_lpi_file = sys_lpi_file_debugfs;
5562 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5563 	} else {
5564 		sys_lpi_file_sysfs = NULL;
5565 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5566 	}
5567 
5568 	if (!quiet)
5569 		decode_misc_feature_control();
5570 
5571 	return;
5572 }
5573 
5574 /*
5575  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
5576  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
5577  */
5578 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
5579 {
5580 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
5581 		return 1;
5582 	else
5583 		return 0;
5584 }
5585 
5586 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
5587 {
5588 	return 0;
5589 }
5590 
5591 void topology_probe()
5592 {
5593 	int i;
5594 	int max_core_id = 0;
5595 	int max_package_id = 0;
5596 	int max_die_id = 0;
5597 	int max_siblings = 0;
5598 
5599 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
5600 	set_max_cpu_num();
5601 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
5602 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
5603 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
5604 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU);
5605 
5606 	if (debug > 1)
5607 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
5608 
5609 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
5610 	if (cpus == NULL)
5611 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
5612 
5613 	/*
5614 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
5615 	 */
5616 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5617 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
5618 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
5619 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5620 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
5621 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
5622 
5623 	/*
5624 	 * Validate that all cpus in cpu_subset are also in cpu_present_set
5625 	 */
5626 	for (i = 0; i < CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS; ++i) {
5627 		if (CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset))
5628 			if (!CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set))
5629 				err(1, "cpu%d not present", i);
5630 	}
5631 
5632 	/*
5633 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
5634 	 */
5635 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5636 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
5637 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
5638 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5639 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
5640 
5641 	for_all_proc_cpus(init_thread_id);
5642 
5643 	/*
5644 	 * For online cpus
5645 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
5646 	 */
5647 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
5648 		int siblings;
5649 
5650 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
5651 			if (debug > 1)
5652 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
5653 			continue;
5654 		}
5655 
5656 		cpus[i].logical_cpu_id = i;
5657 
5658 		/* get package information */
5659 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
5660 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
5661 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
5662 
5663 		/* get die information */
5664 		cpus[i].die_id = get_die_id(i);
5665 		if (cpus[i].die_id > max_die_id)
5666 			max_die_id = cpus[i].die_id;
5667 
5668 		/* get numa node information */
5669 		cpus[i].physical_node_id = get_physical_node_id(&cpus[i]);
5670 		if (cpus[i].physical_node_id > topo.max_node_num)
5671 			topo.max_node_num = cpus[i].physical_node_id;
5672 
5673 		/* get core information */
5674 		cpus[i].physical_core_id = get_core_id(i);
5675 		if (cpus[i].physical_core_id > max_core_id)
5676 			max_core_id = cpus[i].physical_core_id;
5677 
5678 		/* get thread information */
5679 		siblings = get_thread_siblings(&cpus[i]);
5680 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
5681 			max_siblings = siblings;
5682 		if (cpus[i].thread_id == 0)
5683 			topo.num_cores++;
5684 	}
5685 
5686 	topo.cores_per_node = max_core_id + 1;
5687 	if (debug > 1)
5688 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n", max_core_id, topo.cores_per_node);
5689 	if (!summary_only && topo.cores_per_node > 1)
5690 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Core);
5691 
5692 	topo.num_die = max_die_id + 1;
5693 	if (debug > 1)
5694 		fprintf(outf, "max_die_id %d, sizing for %d die\n", max_die_id, topo.num_die);
5695 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_die > 1)
5696 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Die);
5697 
5698 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
5699 	if (debug > 1)
5700 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n", max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
5701 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
5702 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Package);
5703 
5704 	set_node_data();
5705 	if (debug > 1)
5706 		fprintf(outf, "nodes_per_pkg %d\n", topo.nodes_per_pkg);
5707 	if (!summary_only && topo.nodes_per_pkg > 1)
5708 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Node);
5709 
5710 	topo.threads_per_core = max_siblings;
5711 	if (debug > 1)
5712 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
5713 
5714 	if (debug < 1)
5715 		return;
5716 
5717 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
5718 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i))
5719 			continue;
5720 		fprintf(outf,
5721 			"cpu %d pkg %d die %d node %d lnode %d core %d thread %d\n",
5722 			i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].die_id,
5723 			cpus[i].physical_node_id, cpus[i].logical_node_id, cpus[i].physical_core_id, cpus[i].thread_id);
5724 	}
5725 
5726 }
5727 
5728 void allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
5729 {
5730 	int i;
5731 	int num_cores = topo.cores_per_node * topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.num_packages;
5732 	int num_threads = topo.threads_per_core * num_cores;
5733 
5734 	*t = calloc(num_threads, sizeof(struct thread_data));
5735 	if (*t == NULL)
5736 		goto error;
5737 
5738 	for (i = 0; i < num_threads; i++)
5739 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
5740 
5741 	*c = calloc(num_cores, sizeof(struct core_data));
5742 	if (*c == NULL)
5743 		goto error;
5744 
5745 	for (i = 0; i < num_cores; i++)
5746 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
5747 
5748 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
5749 	if (*p == NULL)
5750 		goto error;
5751 
5752 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
5753 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
5754 
5755 	return;
5756 error:
5757 	err(1, "calloc counters");
5758 }
5759 
5760 /*
5761  * init_counter()
5762  *
5763  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
5764  */
5765 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int cpu_id)
5766 {
5767 	int pkg_id = cpus[cpu_id].physical_package_id;
5768 	int node_id = cpus[cpu_id].logical_node_id;
5769 	int core_id = cpus[cpu_id].physical_core_id;
5770 	int thread_id = cpus[cpu_id].thread_id;
5771 	struct thread_data *t;
5772 	struct core_data *c;
5773 	struct pkg_data *p;
5774 
5775 	/* Workaround for systems where physical_node_id==-1
5776 	 * and logical_node_id==(-1 - topo.num_cpus)
5777 	 */
5778 	if (node_id < 0)
5779 		node_id = 0;
5780 
5781 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_id, core_id, node_id, pkg_id);
5782 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_id, node_id, pkg_id);
5783 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_id);
5784 
5785 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
5786 	if (thread_id == 0) {
5787 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
5788 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
5789 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
5790 	}
5791 
5792 	c->core_id = core_id;
5793 	p->package_id = pkg_id;
5794 }
5795 
5796 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
5797 {
5798 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
5799 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
5800 	return 0;
5801 }
5802 
5803 void allocate_output_buffer()
5804 {
5805 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 2048);
5806 	outp = output_buffer;
5807 	if (outp == NULL)
5808 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
5809 }
5810 
5811 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
5812 {
5813 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
5814 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
5815 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
5816 }
5817 
5818 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
5819 {
5820 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
5821 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
5822 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
5823 
5824 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
5825 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
5826 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num + 1);
5827 }
5828 
5829 void setup_all_buffers(void)
5830 {
5831 	topology_probe();
5832 	allocate_irq_buffers();
5833 	allocate_fd_percpu();
5834 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
5835 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
5836 	allocate_output_buffer();
5837 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
5838 }
5839 
5840 void set_base_cpu(void)
5841 {
5842 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
5843 	if (base_cpu < 0)
5844 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
5845 
5846 	if (debug > 1)
5847 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
5848 }
5849 
5850 void turbostat_init()
5851 {
5852 	setup_all_buffers();
5853 	set_base_cpu();
5854 	check_dev_msr();
5855 	check_permissions();
5856 	process_cpuid();
5857 	linux_perf_init();
5858 
5859 	if (!quiet)
5860 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
5861 
5862 	if (!quiet)
5863 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
5864 
5865 	if (!quiet)
5866 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
5867 
5868 	if (!quiet)
5869 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
5870 
5871 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
5872 
5873 	for_all_cpus(get_cpu_type, ODD_COUNTERS);
5874 	for_all_cpus(get_cpu_type, EVEN_COUNTERS);
5875 
5876 	if (!quiet)
5877 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
5878 
5879 	if (!quiet && do_irtl_snb)
5880 		print_irtl();
5881 }
5882 
5883 int fork_it(char **argv)
5884 {
5885 	pid_t child_pid;
5886 	int status;
5887 
5888 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
5889 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
5890 	first_counter_read = 0;
5891 	if (status)
5892 		exit(status);
5893 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
5894 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
5895 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
5896 
5897 	child_pid = fork();
5898 	if (!child_pid) {
5899 		/* child */
5900 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
5901 		err(errno, "exec %s", argv[0]);
5902 	} else {
5903 
5904 		/* parent */
5905 		if (child_pid == -1)
5906 			err(1, "fork");
5907 
5908 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
5909 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
5910 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
5911 			err(status, "waitpid");
5912 
5913 		if (WIFEXITED(status))
5914 			status = WEXITSTATUS(status);
5915 	}
5916 	/*
5917 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
5918 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
5919 	 */
5920 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
5921 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
5922 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
5923 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
5924 	if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS))
5925 		fprintf(outf, "%s: Counter reset detected\n", progname);
5926 	else {
5927 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
5928 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
5929 	}
5930 
5931 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec / 1000000.0);
5932 
5933 	flush_output_stderr();
5934 
5935 	return status;
5936 }
5937 
5938 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
5939 {
5940 	int status;
5941 
5942 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
5943 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
5944 	if (status)
5945 		return status;
5946 
5947 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
5948 	if (status)
5949 		return status;
5950 
5951 	flush_output_stdout();
5952 
5953 	return status;
5954 }
5955 
5956 void print_version()
5957 {
5958 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 21.03.12" " - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
5959 }
5960 
5961 int add_counter(unsigned int msr_num, char *path, char *name,
5962 		unsigned int width, enum counter_scope scope,
5963 		enum counter_type type, enum counter_format format, int flags)
5964 {
5965 	struct msr_counter *msrp;
5966 
5967 	msrp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct msr_counter));
5968 	if (msrp == NULL) {
5969 		perror("calloc");
5970 		exit(1);
5971 	}
5972 
5973 	msrp->msr_num = msr_num;
5974 	strncpy(msrp->name, name, NAME_BYTES - 1);
5975 	if (path)
5976 		strncpy(msrp->path, path, PATH_BYTES - 1);
5977 	msrp->width = width;
5978 	msrp->type = type;
5979 	msrp->format = format;
5980 	msrp->flags = flags;
5981 
5982 	switch (scope) {
5983 
5984 	case SCOPE_CPU:
5985 		msrp->next = sys.tp;
5986 		sys.tp = msrp;
5987 		sys.added_thread_counters++;
5988 		if (sys.added_thread_counters > MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS) {
5989 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added thread counters\n", MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
5990 			exit(-1);
5991 		}
5992 		break;
5993 
5994 	case SCOPE_CORE:
5995 		msrp->next = sys.cp;
5996 		sys.cp = msrp;
5997 		sys.added_core_counters++;
5998 		if (sys.added_core_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
5999 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added core counters\n", MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
6000 			exit(-1);
6001 		}
6002 		break;
6003 
6004 	case SCOPE_PACKAGE:
6005 		msrp->next = sys.pp;
6006 		sys.pp = msrp;
6007 		sys.added_package_counters++;
6008 		if (sys.added_package_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
6009 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added package counters\n", MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
6010 			exit(-1);
6011 		}
6012 		break;
6013 	}
6014 
6015 	return 0;
6016 }
6017 
6018 void parse_add_command(char *add_command)
6019 {
6020 	int msr_num = 0;
6021 	char *path = NULL;
6022 	char name_buffer[NAME_BYTES] = "";
6023 	int width = 64;
6024 	int fail = 0;
6025 	enum counter_scope scope = SCOPE_CPU;
6026 	enum counter_type type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
6027 	enum counter_format format = FORMAT_DELTA;
6028 
6029 	while (add_command) {
6030 
6031 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr0x%x", &msr_num) == 1)
6032 			goto next;
6033 
6034 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr%d", &msr_num) == 1)
6035 			goto next;
6036 
6037 		if (*add_command == '/') {
6038 			path = add_command;
6039 			goto next;
6040 		}
6041 
6042 		if (sscanf(add_command, "u%d", &width) == 1) {
6043 			if ((width == 32) || (width == 64))
6044 				goto next;
6045 			width = 64;
6046 		}
6047 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cpu", strlen("cpu"))) {
6048 			scope = SCOPE_CPU;
6049 			goto next;
6050 		}
6051 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "core", strlen("core"))) {
6052 			scope = SCOPE_CORE;
6053 			goto next;
6054 		}
6055 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "package", strlen("package"))) {
6056 			scope = SCOPE_PACKAGE;
6057 			goto next;
6058 		}
6059 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cycles", strlen("cycles"))) {
6060 			type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
6061 			goto next;
6062 		}
6063 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "seconds", strlen("seconds"))) {
6064 			type = COUNTER_SECONDS;
6065 			goto next;
6066 		}
6067 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "usec", strlen("usec"))) {
6068 			type = COUNTER_USEC;
6069 			goto next;
6070 		}
6071 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "raw", strlen("raw"))) {
6072 			format = FORMAT_RAW;
6073 			goto next;
6074 		}
6075 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "delta", strlen("delta"))) {
6076 			format = FORMAT_DELTA;
6077 			goto next;
6078 		}
6079 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "percent", strlen("percent"))) {
6080 			format = FORMAT_PERCENT;
6081 			goto next;
6082 		}
6083 
6084 		if (sscanf(add_command, "%18s,%*s", name_buffer) == 1) {	/* 18 < NAME_BYTES */
6085 			char *eos;
6086 
6087 			eos = strchr(name_buffer, ',');
6088 			if (eos)
6089 				*eos = '\0';
6090 			goto next;
6091 		}
6092 
6093 next:
6094 		add_command = strchr(add_command, ',');
6095 		if (add_command) {
6096 			*add_command = '\0';
6097 			add_command++;
6098 		}
6099 
6100 	}
6101 	if ((msr_num == 0) && (path == NULL)) {
6102 		fprintf(stderr, "--add: (msrDDD | msr0xXXX | /path_to_counter ) required\n");
6103 		fail++;
6104 	}
6105 
6106 	/* generate default column header */
6107 	if (*name_buffer == '\0') {
6108 		if (width == 32)
6109 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0x%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
6110 		else
6111 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0X%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
6112 	}
6113 
6114 	if (add_counter(msr_num, path, name_buffer, width, scope, type, format, 0))
6115 		fail++;
6116 
6117 	if (fail) {
6118 		help();
6119 		exit(1);
6120 	}
6121 }
6122 
6123 int is_deferred_skip(char *name)
6124 {
6125 	int i;
6126 
6127 	for (i = 0; i < deferred_skip_index; ++i)
6128 		if (!strcmp(name, deferred_skip_names[i]))
6129 			return 1;
6130 	return 0;
6131 }
6132 
6133 void probe_sysfs(void)
6134 {
6135 	char path[64];
6136 	char name_buf[16];
6137 	FILE *input;
6138 	int state;
6139 	char *sp;
6140 
6141 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_sysfs))
6142 		return;
6143 
6144 	for (state = 10; state >= 0; --state) {
6145 
6146 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name", base_cpu, state);
6147 		input = fopen(path, "r");
6148 		if (input == NULL)
6149 			continue;
6150 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
6151 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
6152 
6153 		/* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
6154 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
6155 		if (!sp)
6156 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
6157 		*sp = '%';
6158 		*(sp + 1) = '\0';
6159 
6160 		remove_underbar(name_buf);
6161 
6162 		fclose(input);
6163 
6164 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/time", state);
6165 
6166 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
6167 			continue;
6168 
6169 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_USEC, FORMAT_PERCENT, SYSFS_PERCPU);
6170 	}
6171 
6172 	for (state = 10; state >= 0; --state) {
6173 
6174 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name", base_cpu, state);
6175 		input = fopen(path, "r");
6176 		if (input == NULL)
6177 			continue;
6178 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
6179 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
6180 		/* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
6181 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
6182 		if (!sp)
6183 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
6184 		*sp = '\0';
6185 		fclose(input);
6186 
6187 		remove_underbar(name_buf);
6188 
6189 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/usage", state);
6190 
6191 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
6192 			continue;
6193 
6194 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_ITEMS, FORMAT_DELTA, SYSFS_PERCPU);
6195 	}
6196 
6197 }
6198 
6199 /*
6200  * parse cpuset with following syntax
6201  * 1,2,4..6,8-10 and set bits in cpu_subset
6202  */
6203 void parse_cpu_command(char *optarg)
6204 {
6205 	unsigned int start, end;
6206 	char *next;
6207 
6208 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "core")) {
6209 		if (cpu_subset)
6210 			goto error;
6211 		show_core_only++;
6212 		return;
6213 	}
6214 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "package")) {
6215 		if (cpu_subset)
6216 			goto error;
6217 		show_pkg_only++;
6218 		return;
6219 	}
6220 	if (show_core_only || show_pkg_only)
6221 		goto error;
6222 
6223 	cpu_subset = CPU_ALLOC(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
6224 	if (cpu_subset == NULL)
6225 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
6226 	cpu_subset_size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
6227 
6228 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
6229 
6230 	next = optarg;
6231 
6232 	while (next && *next) {
6233 
6234 		if (*next == '-')	/* no negative cpu numbers */
6235 			goto error;
6236 
6237 		start = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
6238 
6239 		if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
6240 			goto error;
6241 		CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
6242 
6243 		if (*next == '\0')
6244 			break;
6245 
6246 		if (*next == ',') {
6247 			next += 1;
6248 			continue;
6249 		}
6250 
6251 		if (*next == '-') {
6252 			next += 1;	/* start range */
6253 		} else if (*next == '.') {
6254 			next += 1;
6255 			if (*next == '.')
6256 				next += 1;	/* start range */
6257 			else
6258 				goto error;
6259 		}
6260 
6261 		end = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
6262 		if (end <= start)
6263 			goto error;
6264 
6265 		while (++start <= end) {
6266 			if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
6267 				goto error;
6268 			CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
6269 		}
6270 
6271 		if (*next == ',')
6272 			next += 1;
6273 		else if (*next != '\0')
6274 			goto error;
6275 	}
6276 
6277 	return;
6278 
6279 error:
6280 	fprintf(stderr, "\"--cpu %s\" malformed\n", optarg);
6281 	help();
6282 	exit(-1);
6283 }
6284 
6285 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
6286 {
6287 	int opt;
6288 	int option_index = 0;
6289 	static struct option long_options[] = {
6290 		{ "add", required_argument, 0, 'a' },
6291 		{ "cpu", required_argument, 0, 'c' },
6292 		{ "Dump", no_argument, 0, 'D' },
6293 		{ "debug", no_argument, 0, 'd' },	/* internal, not documented */
6294 		{ "enable", required_argument, 0, 'e' },
6295 		{ "interval", required_argument, 0, 'i' },
6296 		{ "IPC", no_argument, 0, 'I' },
6297 		{ "num_iterations", required_argument, 0, 'n' },
6298 		{ "help", no_argument, 0, 'h' },
6299 		{ "hide", required_argument, 0, 'H' },	// meh, -h taken by --help
6300 		{ "Joules", no_argument, 0, 'J' },
6301 		{ "list", no_argument, 0, 'l' },
6302 		{ "out", required_argument, 0, 'o' },
6303 		{ "quiet", no_argument, 0, 'q' },
6304 		{ "show", required_argument, 0, 's' },
6305 		{ "Summary", no_argument, 0, 'S' },
6306 		{ "TCC", required_argument, 0, 'T' },
6307 		{ "version", no_argument, 0, 'v' },
6308 		{ 0, 0, 0, 0 }
6309 	};
6310 
6311 	progname = argv[0];
6312 
6313 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Dde:hi:Jn:o:qST:v", long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
6314 		switch (opt) {
6315 		case 'a':
6316 			parse_add_command(optarg);
6317 			break;
6318 		case 'c':
6319 			parse_cpu_command(optarg);
6320 			break;
6321 		case 'D':
6322 			dump_only++;
6323 			break;
6324 		case 'e':
6325 			/* --enable specified counter */
6326 			bic_enabled = bic_enabled | bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
6327 			break;
6328 		case 'd':
6329 			debug++;
6330 			ENABLE_BIC(BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
6331 			break;
6332 		case 'H':
6333 			/*
6334 			 * --hide: do not show those specified
6335 			 *  multiple invocations simply clear more bits in enabled mask
6336 			 */
6337 			bic_enabled &= ~bic_lookup(optarg, HIDE_LIST);
6338 			break;
6339 		case 'h':
6340 		default:
6341 			help();
6342 			exit(1);
6343 		case 'i':
6344 			{
6345 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
6346 
6347 				if (interval < 0.001) {
6348 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n", interval);
6349 					exit(2);
6350 				}
6351 
6352 				interval_tv.tv_sec = interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
6353 				interval_tv.tv_usec = (interval - interval_tv.tv_sec) * 1000000;
6354 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
6355 			}
6356 			break;
6357 		case 'J':
6358 			rapl_joules++;
6359 			break;
6360 		case 'l':
6361 			ENABLE_BIC(BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
6362 			list_header_only++;
6363 			quiet++;
6364 			break;
6365 		case 'o':
6366 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
6367 			break;
6368 		case 'q':
6369 			quiet = 1;
6370 			break;
6371 		case 'n':
6372 			num_iterations = strtod(optarg, NULL);
6373 
6374 			if (num_iterations <= 0) {
6375 				fprintf(outf, "iterations %d should be positive number\n", num_iterations);
6376 				exit(2);
6377 			}
6378 			break;
6379 		case 's':
6380 			/*
6381 			 * --show: show only those specified
6382 			 *  The 1st invocation will clear and replace the enabled mask
6383 			 *  subsequent invocations can add to it.
6384 			 */
6385 			if (shown == 0)
6386 				bic_enabled = bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
6387 			else
6388 				bic_enabled |= bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
6389 			shown = 1;
6390 			break;
6391 		case 'S':
6392 			summary_only++;
6393 			break;
6394 		case 'T':
6395 			tj_max_override = atoi(optarg);
6396 			break;
6397 		case 'v':
6398 			print_version();
6399 			exit(0);
6400 			break;
6401 		}
6402 	}
6403 }
6404 
6405 int main(int argc, char **argv)
6406 {
6407 	outf = stderr;
6408 	cmdline(argc, argv);
6409 
6410 	if (!quiet)
6411 		print_version();
6412 
6413 	probe_sysfs();
6414 
6415 	turbostat_init();
6416 
6417 	/* dump counters and exit */
6418 	if (dump_only)
6419 		return get_and_dump_counters();
6420 
6421 	/* list header and exit */
6422 	if (list_header_only) {
6423 		print_header(",");
6424 		flush_output_stdout();
6425 		return 0;
6426 	}
6427 
6428 	msr_sum_record();
6429 	/*
6430 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
6431 	 */
6432 	if (argc - optind)
6433 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
6434 	else
6435 		turbostat_loop();
6436 
6437 	return 0;
6438 }
6439