1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
4  * on modern Intel and AMD processors.
5  *
6  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
7  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
8  */
9 
10 #define _GNU_SOURCE
11 #include MSRHEADER
12 #include INTEL_FAMILY_HEADER
13 #include <stdarg.h>
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <err.h>
16 #include <unistd.h>
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/wait.h>
19 #include <sys/stat.h>
20 #include <sys/select.h>
21 #include <sys/resource.h>
22 #include <fcntl.h>
23 #include <signal.h>
24 #include <sys/time.h>
25 #include <stdlib.h>
26 #include <getopt.h>
27 #include <dirent.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 #include <ctype.h>
30 #include <sched.h>
31 #include <time.h>
32 #include <cpuid.h>
33 #include <sys/capability.h>
34 #include <errno.h>
35 #include <math.h>
36 
37 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
38 FILE *outf;
39 int *fd_percpu;
40 struct timeval interval_tv = {5, 0};
41 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
42 unsigned int num_iterations;
43 unsigned int debug;
44 unsigned int quiet;
45 unsigned int shown;
46 unsigned int sums_need_wide_columns;
47 unsigned int rapl_joules;
48 unsigned int summary_only;
49 unsigned int list_header_only;
50 unsigned int dump_only;
51 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
52 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
53 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
54 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
55 unsigned int has_aperf;
56 unsigned int has_epb;
57 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
58 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
59 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
60 unsigned int genuine_intel;
61 unsigned int authentic_amd;
62 unsigned int hygon_genuine;
63 unsigned int max_level, max_extended_level;
64 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
65 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
66 unsigned int no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT;
67 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
68 double bclk;
69 double base_hz;
70 unsigned int has_base_hz;
71 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
72 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
73 unsigned int show_core_only;
74 char *output_buffer, *outp;
75 unsigned int do_rapl;
76 unsigned int do_dts;
77 unsigned int do_ptm;
78 unsigned long long  gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
79 unsigned long long cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us;
80 unsigned long long cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us;
81 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
82 unsigned int gfx_act_mhz;
83 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
84 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
85 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
86 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
87 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
88 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
89 unsigned int has_automatic_cstate_conversion;
90 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
91 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
92 unsigned int crystal_hz;
93 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
94 int base_cpu;
95 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
96 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
97 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
98 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
99 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
100 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
101 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
102 unsigned int has_misc_feature_control;
103 unsigned int first_counter_read = 1;
104 int ignore_stdin;
105 
106 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
107 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
108 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
109 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
110 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
111 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
112 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
113 
114 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
115 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
116 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
117 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
118 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
119 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
120 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
121 
122 #define RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT	(1 << 6)
123 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
124 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
125 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
126 
127 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
128 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
129 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
130 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
131 
132 #define RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS	(1 << 9)
133 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
134 #define RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY	(1 << 10)
135 					/* Indicates cores energy collection is per-core,
136 					 * not per-package. */
137 #define RAPL_AMD_F17H		(1 << 11)
138 					/* 0xc0010299 MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT */
139 					/* 0xc001029a MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT */
140 					/* 0xc001029b MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT */
141 #define RAPL_CORES (RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS | RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT)
142 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
143 
144 /* MSRs that are not yet in the kernel-provided header. */
145 #define MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT	0xc0010299
146 #define MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT	0xc001029a
147 #define MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT	0xc001029b
148 
149 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
150 
151 /*
152  * buffer size used by sscanf() for added column names
153  * Usually truncated to 7 characters, but also handles 18 columns for raw 64-bit counters
154  */
155 #define	NAME_BYTES 20
156 #define PATH_BYTES 128
157 
158 int backwards_count;
159 char *progname;
160 
161 #define CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS	1024	/* need to use before probe... */
162 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set, *cpu_subset;
163 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_subset_size;
164 #define MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS 8
165 #define MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS 24
166 #define BITMASK_SIZE 32
167 
168 struct thread_data {
169 	struct timeval tv_begin;
170 	struct timeval tv_end;
171 	struct timeval tv_delta;
172 	unsigned long long tsc;
173 	unsigned long long aperf;
174 	unsigned long long mperf;
175 	unsigned long long c1;
176 	unsigned long long  irq_count;
177 	unsigned int smi_count;
178 	unsigned int cpu_id;
179 	unsigned int apic_id;
180 	unsigned int x2apic_id;
181 	unsigned int flags;
182 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
183 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
184 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS];
185 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
186 
187 struct core_data {
188 	unsigned long long c3;
189 	unsigned long long c6;
190 	unsigned long long c7;
191 	unsigned long long mc6_us;	/* duplicate as per-core for now, even though per module */
192 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
193 	unsigned int core_energy;	/* MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT */
194 	unsigned int core_id;
195 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
196 } *core_even, *core_odd;
197 
198 struct pkg_data {
199 	unsigned long long pc2;
200 	unsigned long long pc3;
201 	unsigned long long pc6;
202 	unsigned long long pc7;
203 	unsigned long long pc8;
204 	unsigned long long pc9;
205 	unsigned long long pc10;
206 	unsigned long long cpu_lpi;
207 	unsigned long long sys_lpi;
208 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
209 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
210 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
211 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
212 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
213 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
214 	unsigned int gfx_act_mhz;
215 	unsigned int package_id;
216 	unsigned long long energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
217 	unsigned long long energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
218 	unsigned long long energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
219 	unsigned long long energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
220 	unsigned long long rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
221 	unsigned long long rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
222 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
223 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
224 } *package_even, *package_odd;
225 
226 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
227 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
228 
229 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, node_no, pkg_no)	      \
230 	((thread_base) +						      \
231 	 ((pkg_no) *							      \
232 	  topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.cores_per_node * topo.threads_per_core) + \
233 	 ((node_no) * topo.cores_per_node * topo.threads_per_core) +	      \
234 	 ((core_no) * topo.threads_per_core) +				      \
235 	 (thread_no))
236 
237 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, node_no, pkg_no)			\
238 	((core_base) +							\
239 	 ((pkg_no) *  topo.nodes_per_pkg * topo.cores_per_node) +	\
240 	 ((node_no) * topo.cores_per_node) +				\
241 	 (core_no))
242 
243 
244 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
245 
246 enum counter_scope {SCOPE_CPU, SCOPE_CORE, SCOPE_PACKAGE};
247 enum counter_type {COUNTER_ITEMS, COUNTER_CYCLES, COUNTER_SECONDS, COUNTER_USEC};
248 enum counter_format {FORMAT_RAW, FORMAT_DELTA, FORMAT_PERCENT};
249 
250 struct msr_counter {
251 	unsigned int msr_num;
252 	char name[NAME_BYTES];
253 	char path[PATH_BYTES];
254 	unsigned int width;
255 	enum counter_type type;
256 	enum counter_format format;
257 	struct msr_counter *next;
258 	unsigned int flags;
259 #define	FLAGS_HIDE	(1 << 0)
260 #define	FLAGS_SHOW	(1 << 1)
261 #define	SYSFS_PERCPU	(1 << 1)
262 };
263 
264 /*
265  * The accumulated sum of MSR is defined as a monotonic
266  * increasing MSR, it will be accumulated periodically,
267  * despite its register's bit width.
268  */
269 enum {
270 	IDX_PKG_ENERGY,
271 	IDX_DRAM_ENERGY,
272 	IDX_PP0_ENERGY,
273 	IDX_PP1_ENERGY,
274 	IDX_PKG_PERF,
275 	IDX_DRAM_PERF,
276 	IDX_COUNT,
277 };
278 
279 int get_msr_sum(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr);
280 
281 struct msr_sum_array {
282 	/* get_msr_sum() = sum + (get_msr() - last) */
283 	struct {
284 		/*The accumulated MSR value is updated by the timer*/
285 		unsigned long long sum;
286 		/*The MSR footprint recorded in last timer*/
287 		unsigned long long last;
288 	} entries[IDX_COUNT];
289 };
290 
291 /* The percpu MSR sum array.*/
292 struct msr_sum_array *per_cpu_msr_sum;
293 
294 int idx_to_offset(int idx)
295 {
296 	int offset;
297 
298 	switch (idx) {
299 	case IDX_PKG_ENERGY:
300 		offset = MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS;
301 		break;
302 	case IDX_DRAM_ENERGY:
303 		offset = MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS;
304 		break;
305 	case IDX_PP0_ENERGY:
306 		offset = MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS;
307 		break;
308 	case IDX_PP1_ENERGY:
309 		offset = MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS;
310 		break;
311 	case IDX_PKG_PERF:
312 		offset = MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS;
313 		break;
314 	case IDX_DRAM_PERF:
315 		offset = MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS;
316 		break;
317 	default:
318 		offset = -1;
319 	}
320 	return offset;
321 }
322 
323 int offset_to_idx(int offset)
324 {
325 	int idx;
326 
327 	switch (offset) {
328 	case MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS:
329 		idx = IDX_PKG_ENERGY;
330 		break;
331 	case MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS:
332 		idx = IDX_DRAM_ENERGY;
333 		break;
334 	case MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS:
335 		idx = IDX_PP0_ENERGY;
336 		break;
337 	case MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS:
338 		idx = IDX_PP1_ENERGY;
339 		break;
340 	case MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS:
341 		idx = IDX_PKG_PERF;
342 		break;
343 	case MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS:
344 		idx = IDX_DRAM_PERF;
345 		break;
346 	default:
347 		idx = -1;
348 	}
349 	return idx;
350 }
351 
352 int idx_valid(int idx)
353 {
354 	switch (idx) {
355 	case IDX_PKG_ENERGY:
356 		return do_rapl & RAPL_PKG;
357 	case IDX_DRAM_ENERGY:
358 		return do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM;
359 	case IDX_PP0_ENERGY:
360 		return do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
361 	case IDX_PP1_ENERGY:
362 		return do_rapl & RAPL_GFX;
363 	case IDX_PKG_PERF:
364 		return do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS;
365 	case IDX_DRAM_PERF:
366 		return do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS;
367 	default:
368 		return 0;
369 	}
370 }
371 struct sys_counters {
372 	unsigned int added_thread_counters;
373 	unsigned int added_core_counters;
374 	unsigned int added_package_counters;
375 	struct msr_counter *tp;
376 	struct msr_counter *cp;
377 	struct msr_counter *pp;
378 } sys;
379 
380 struct system_summary {
381 	struct thread_data threads;
382 	struct core_data cores;
383 	struct pkg_data packages;
384 } average;
385 
386 struct cpu_topology {
387 	int physical_package_id;
388 	int die_id;
389 	int logical_cpu_id;
390 	int physical_node_id;
391 	int logical_node_id;	/* 0-based count within the package */
392 	int physical_core_id;
393 	int thread_id;
394 	cpu_set_t *put_ids; /* Processing Unit/Thread IDs */
395 } *cpus;
396 
397 struct topo_params {
398 	int num_packages;
399 	int num_die;
400 	int num_cpus;
401 	int num_cores;
402 	int max_cpu_num;
403 	int max_node_num;
404 	int nodes_per_pkg;
405 	int cores_per_node;
406 	int threads_per_core;
407 } topo;
408 
409 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
410 
411 int *irq_column_2_cpu;	/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
412 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
413 
414 void setup_all_buffers(void);
415 
416 char *sys_lpi_file;
417 char *sys_lpi_file_sysfs = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_system_residency_us";
418 char *sys_lpi_file_debugfs = "/sys/kernel/debug/pmc_core/slp_s0_residency_usec";
419 
420 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
421 {
422 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
423 }
424 /*
425  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
426  * skip non-present cpus
427  */
428 
429 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
430 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
431 {
432 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no, node_no;
433 
434 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
435 		for (node_no = 0; node_no < topo.nodes_per_pkg; node_no++) {
436 			for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.cores_per_node; ++core_no) {
437 				for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
438 					topo.threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
439 					struct thread_data *t;
440 					struct core_data *c;
441 					struct pkg_data *p;
442 
443 					t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no,
444 						       core_no, node_no,
445 						       pkg_no);
446 
447 					if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
448 						continue;
449 
450 					c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no,
451 						     node_no, pkg_no);
452 					p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
453 
454 					retval = func(t, c, p);
455 					if (retval)
456 						return retval;
457 				}
458 			}
459 		}
460 	}
461 	return 0;
462 }
463 
464 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
465 {
466 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
467 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
468 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
469 		return -1;
470 	else
471 		return 0;
472 }
473 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
474 {
475 	char pathname[32];
476 	int fd;
477 
478 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
479 
480 	if (fd)
481 		return fd;
482 
483 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
484 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
485 	if (fd < 0)
486 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
487 
488 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
489 
490 	return fd;
491 }
492 
493 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
494 {
495 	ssize_t retval;
496 
497 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
498 
499 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
500 		err(-1, "cpu%d: msr offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
501 
502 	return 0;
503 }
504 
505 /*
506  * This list matches the column headers, except
507  * 1. built-in only, the sysfs counters are not here -- we learn of those at run-time
508  * 2. Core and CPU are moved to the end, we can't have strings that contain them
509  *    matching on them for --show and --hide.
510  */
511 struct msr_counter bic[] = {
512 	{ 0x0, "usec" },
513 	{ 0x0, "Time_Of_Day_Seconds" },
514 	{ 0x0, "Package" },
515 	{ 0x0, "Node" },
516 	{ 0x0, "Avg_MHz" },
517 	{ 0x0, "Busy%" },
518 	{ 0x0, "Bzy_MHz" },
519 	{ 0x0, "TSC_MHz" },
520 	{ 0x0, "IRQ" },
521 	{ 0x0, "SMI", "", 32, 0, FORMAT_DELTA, NULL},
522 	{ 0x0, "sysfs" },
523 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c1" },
524 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c3" },
525 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c6" },
526 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c7" },
527 	{ 0x0, "ThreadC" },
528 	{ 0x0, "CoreTmp" },
529 	{ 0x0, "CoreCnt" },
530 	{ 0x0, "PkgTmp" },
531 	{ 0x0, "GFX%rc6" },
532 	{ 0x0, "GFXMHz" },
533 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc2" },
534 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc3" },
535 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc6" },
536 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc7" },
537 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc8" },
538 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc9" },
539 	{ 0x0, "Pk%pc10" },
540 	{ 0x0, "CPU%LPI" },
541 	{ 0x0, "SYS%LPI" },
542 	{ 0x0, "PkgWatt" },
543 	{ 0x0, "CorWatt" },
544 	{ 0x0, "GFXWatt" },
545 	{ 0x0, "PkgCnt" },
546 	{ 0x0, "RAMWatt" },
547 	{ 0x0, "PKG_%" },
548 	{ 0x0, "RAM_%" },
549 	{ 0x0, "Pkg_J" },
550 	{ 0x0, "Cor_J" },
551 	{ 0x0, "GFX_J" },
552 	{ 0x0, "RAM_J" },
553 	{ 0x0, "Mod%c6" },
554 	{ 0x0, "Totl%C0" },
555 	{ 0x0, "Any%C0" },
556 	{ 0x0, "GFX%C0" },
557 	{ 0x0, "CPUGFX%" },
558 	{ 0x0, "Core" },
559 	{ 0x0, "CPU" },
560 	{ 0x0, "APIC" },
561 	{ 0x0, "X2APIC" },
562 	{ 0x0, "Die" },
563 	{ 0x0, "GFXAMHz" },
564 };
565 
566 #define MAX_BIC (sizeof(bic) / sizeof(struct msr_counter))
567 #define	BIC_USEC	(1ULL << 0)
568 #define	BIC_TOD		(1ULL << 1)
569 #define	BIC_Package	(1ULL << 2)
570 #define	BIC_Node	(1ULL << 3)
571 #define	BIC_Avg_MHz	(1ULL << 4)
572 #define	BIC_Busy	(1ULL << 5)
573 #define	BIC_Bzy_MHz	(1ULL << 6)
574 #define	BIC_TSC_MHz	(1ULL << 7)
575 #define	BIC_IRQ		(1ULL << 8)
576 #define	BIC_SMI		(1ULL << 9)
577 #define	BIC_sysfs	(1ULL << 10)
578 #define	BIC_CPU_c1	(1ULL << 11)
579 #define	BIC_CPU_c3	(1ULL << 12)
580 #define	BIC_CPU_c6	(1ULL << 13)
581 #define	BIC_CPU_c7	(1ULL << 14)
582 #define	BIC_ThreadC	(1ULL << 15)
583 #define	BIC_CoreTmp	(1ULL << 16)
584 #define	BIC_CoreCnt	(1ULL << 17)
585 #define	BIC_PkgTmp	(1ULL << 18)
586 #define	BIC_GFX_rc6	(1ULL << 19)
587 #define	BIC_GFXMHz	(1ULL << 20)
588 #define	BIC_Pkgpc2	(1ULL << 21)
589 #define	BIC_Pkgpc3	(1ULL << 22)
590 #define	BIC_Pkgpc6	(1ULL << 23)
591 #define	BIC_Pkgpc7	(1ULL << 24)
592 #define	BIC_Pkgpc8	(1ULL << 25)
593 #define	BIC_Pkgpc9	(1ULL << 26)
594 #define	BIC_Pkgpc10	(1ULL << 27)
595 #define BIC_CPU_LPI	(1ULL << 28)
596 #define BIC_SYS_LPI	(1ULL << 29)
597 #define	BIC_PkgWatt	(1ULL << 30)
598 #define	BIC_CorWatt	(1ULL << 31)
599 #define	BIC_GFXWatt	(1ULL << 32)
600 #define	BIC_PkgCnt	(1ULL << 33)
601 #define	BIC_RAMWatt	(1ULL << 34)
602 #define	BIC_PKG__	(1ULL << 35)
603 #define	BIC_RAM__	(1ULL << 36)
604 #define	BIC_Pkg_J	(1ULL << 37)
605 #define	BIC_Cor_J	(1ULL << 38)
606 #define	BIC_GFX_J	(1ULL << 39)
607 #define	BIC_RAM_J	(1ULL << 40)
608 #define	BIC_Mod_c6	(1ULL << 41)
609 #define	BIC_Totl_c0	(1ULL << 42)
610 #define	BIC_Any_c0	(1ULL << 43)
611 #define	BIC_GFX_c0	(1ULL << 44)
612 #define	BIC_CPUGFX	(1ULL << 45)
613 #define	BIC_Core	(1ULL << 46)
614 #define	BIC_CPU		(1ULL << 47)
615 #define	BIC_APIC	(1ULL << 48)
616 #define	BIC_X2APIC	(1ULL << 49)
617 #define	BIC_Die		(1ULL << 50)
618 #define	BIC_GFXACTMHz	(1ULL << 51)
619 
620 #define BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT	(BIC_USEC | BIC_TOD | BIC_APIC | BIC_X2APIC)
621 
622 unsigned long long bic_enabled = (0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL & ~BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
623 unsigned long long bic_present = BIC_USEC | BIC_TOD | BIC_sysfs | BIC_APIC | BIC_X2APIC;
624 
625 #define DO_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled & bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
626 #define DO_BIC_READ(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
627 #define ENABLE_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled |= COUNTER_NAME)
628 #define BIC_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present |= COUNTER_BIT)
629 #define BIC_NOT_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present &= ~COUNTER_BIT)
630 
631 
632 #define MAX_DEFERRED 16
633 char *deferred_skip_names[MAX_DEFERRED];
634 int deferred_skip_index;
635 
636 /*
637  * HIDE_LIST - hide this list of counters, show the rest [default]
638  * SHOW_LIST - show this list of counters, hide the rest
639  */
640 enum show_hide_mode { SHOW_LIST, HIDE_LIST } global_show_hide_mode = HIDE_LIST;
641 
642 void help(void)
643 {
644 	fprintf(outf,
645 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
646 	"\n"
647 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
648 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
649 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
650 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
651 	"  -a, --add	add a counter\n"
652 	"		  eg. --add msr0x10,u64,cpu,delta,MY_TSC\n"
653 	"  -c, --cpu	cpu-set	limit output to summary plus cpu-set:\n"
654 	"		  {core | package | j,k,l..m,n-p }\n"
655 	"  -d, --debug	displays usec, Time_Of_Day_Seconds and more debugging\n"
656 	"  -D, --Dump	displays the raw counter values\n"
657 	"  -e, --enable	[all | column]\n"
658 	"		shows all or the specified disabled column\n"
659 	"  -H, --hide [column|column,column,...]\n"
660 	"		hide the specified column(s)\n"
661 	"  -i, --interval sec.subsec\n"
662 	"		Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
663 	"  -J, --Joules	displays energy in Joules instead of Watts\n"
664 	"  -l, --list	list column headers only\n"
665 	"  -n, --num_iterations num\n"
666 	"		number of the measurement iterations\n"
667 	"  -o, --out file\n"
668 	"		create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
669 	"  -q, --quiet	skip decoding system configuration header\n"
670 	"  -s, --show [column|column,column,...]\n"
671 	"		show only the specified column(s)\n"
672 	"  -S, --Summary\n"
673 	"		limits output to 1-line system summary per interval\n"
674 	"  -T, --TCC temperature\n"
675 	"		sets the Thermal Control Circuit temperature in\n"
676 	"		  degrees Celsius\n"
677 	"  -h, --help	print this help message\n"
678 	"  -v, --version	print version information\n"
679 	"\n"
680 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
681 }
682 
683 /*
684  * bic_lookup
685  * for all the strings in comma separate name_list,
686  * set the approprate bit in return value.
687  */
688 unsigned long long bic_lookup(char *name_list, enum show_hide_mode mode)
689 {
690 	int i;
691 	unsigned long long retval = 0;
692 
693 	while (name_list) {
694 		char *comma;
695 
696 		comma = strchr(name_list, ',');
697 
698 		if (comma)
699 			*comma = '\0';
700 
701 		if (!strcmp(name_list, "all"))
702 			return ~0;
703 
704 		for (i = 0; i < MAX_BIC; ++i) {
705 			if (!strcmp(name_list, bic[i].name)) {
706 				retval |= (1ULL << i);
707 				break;
708 			}
709 		}
710 		if (i == MAX_BIC) {
711 			if (mode == SHOW_LIST) {
712 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid counter name: %s\n", name_list);
713 				exit(-1);
714 			}
715 			deferred_skip_names[deferred_skip_index++] = name_list;
716 			if (debug)
717 				fprintf(stderr, "deferred \"%s\"\n", name_list);
718 			if (deferred_skip_index >= MAX_DEFERRED) {
719 				fprintf(stderr, "More than max %d un-recognized --skip options '%s'\n",
720 					MAX_DEFERRED, name_list);
721 				help();
722 				exit(1);
723 			}
724 		}
725 
726 		name_list = comma;
727 		if (name_list)
728 			name_list++;
729 
730 	}
731 	return retval;
732 }
733 
734 
735 void print_header(char *delim)
736 {
737 	struct msr_counter *mp;
738 	int printed = 0;
739 
740 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_USEC))
741 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%susec", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
742 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TOD))
743 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTime_Of_Day_Seconds", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
744 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
745 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPackage", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
746 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die))
747 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sDie", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
748 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node))
749 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sNode", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
750 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
751 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCore", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
752 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
753 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
754 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
755 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAPIC", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
756 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
757 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sX2APIC", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
758 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
759 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAvg_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
760 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
761 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBusy%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
762 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz))
763 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sBzy_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
764 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
765 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTSC_MHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
766 
767 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
768 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
769 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s     IRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
770 		else
771 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sIRQ", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
772 	}
773 
774 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
775 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSMI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
776 
777 	for (mp = sys.tp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
778 
779 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
780 			if (mp->width == 64)
781 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
782 			else
783 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
784 		} else {
785 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
786 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
787 			else
788 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", (printed++ ? delim : ""), mp->name);
789 		}
790 	}
791 
792 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
793 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c1", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
794 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3))
795 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
796 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
797 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
798 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
799 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%c7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
800 
801 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
802 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sMod%%c6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
803 
804 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
805 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCoreTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
806 
807 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
808 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
809 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCorWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
810 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
811 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
812 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCor_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
813 	}
814 
815 	for (mp = sys.cp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
816 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
817 			if (mp->width == 64)
818 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
819 			else
820 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
821 		} else {
822 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
823 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
824 			else
825 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
826 		}
827 	}
828 
829 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
830 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgTmp", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
831 
832 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
833 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%rc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
834 
835 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
836 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXMHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
837 
838 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
839 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXAMHz", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
840 
841 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
842 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sTotl%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
843 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
844 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sAny%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
845 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
846 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX%%C0", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
847 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
848 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPUGFX%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
849 
850 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
851 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc2", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
852 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
853 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc3", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
854 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
855 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc6", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
856 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
857 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc7", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
858 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
859 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc8", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
860 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
861 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg%%pc9", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
862 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
863 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPk%%pc10", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
864 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
865 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCPU%%LPI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
866 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
867 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%sSYS%%LPI", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
868 
869 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
870 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
871 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkgWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
872 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
873 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCorWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
874 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
875 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFXWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
876 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
877 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAMWatt", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
878 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
879 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
880 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
881 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
882 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
883 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
884 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPkg_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
885 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
886 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sCor_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
887 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
888 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sGFX_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
889 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
890 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_J", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
891 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
892 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sPKG_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
893 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
894 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%sRAM_%%", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
895 	}
896 	for (mp = sys.pp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
897 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
898 			if (mp->width == 64)
899 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%18.18s", delim, mp->name);
900 			else
901 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%10.10s", delim, mp->name);
902 		} else {
903 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
904 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8s", delim, mp->name);
905 			else
906 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%s", delim, mp->name);
907 		}
908 	}
909 
910 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
911 }
912 
913 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
914 	struct pkg_data *p)
915 {
916 	int i;
917 	struct msr_counter *mp;
918 
919 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
920 
921 	if (t) {
922 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
923 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
924 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
925 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
926 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
927 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
928 
929 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
930 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %lld\n", t->irq_count);
931 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
932 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %d\n", t->smi_count);
933 
934 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
935 			outp += sprintf(outp, "tADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
936 				i, mp->msr_num, t->counter[i]);
937 		}
938 	}
939 
940 	if (c) {
941 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
942 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
943 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
944 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
945 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
946 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules: %0X\n", c->core_energy);
947 
948 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
949 			outp += sprintf(outp, "cADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
950 				i, mp->msr_num, c->counter[i]);
951 		}
952 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mc6_us: %016llX\n", c->mc6_us);
953 	}
954 
955 	if (p) {
956 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
957 
958 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
959 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
960 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
961 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
962 
963 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
964 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
965 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
966 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
967 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
968 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
969 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
970 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
971 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
972 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
973 		outp += sprintf(outp, "cpu_lpi: %016llX\n", p->cpu_lpi);
974 		outp += sprintf(outp, "sys_lpi: %016llX\n", p->sys_lpi);
975 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0llX\n", p->energy_pkg);
976 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0llX\n", p->energy_cores);
977 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0llX\n", p->energy_gfx);
978 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0llX\n", p->energy_dram);
979 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0llX\n",
980 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
981 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0llX\n",
982 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
983 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
984 
985 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
986 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
987 				i, mp->msr_num, p->counter[i]);
988 		}
989 	}
990 
991 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
992 
993 	return 0;
994 }
995 
996 /*
997  * column formatting convention & formats
998  */
999 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1000 	struct pkg_data *p)
1001 {
1002 	double interval_float, tsc;
1003 	char *fmt8;
1004 	int i;
1005 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1006 	char *delim = "\t";
1007 	int printed = 0;
1008 
1009 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
1010 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1011 		return 0;
1012 
1013 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
1014 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1015 		return 0;
1016 
1017 	/*if not summary line and --cpu is used */
1018 	if ((t != &average.threads) &&
1019 		(cpu_subset && !CPU_ISSET_S(t->cpu_id, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset)))
1020 		return 0;
1021 
1022 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_USEC)) {
1023 		/* on each row, print how many usec each timestamp took to gather */
1024 		struct timeval tv;
1025 
1026 		timersub(&t->tv_end, &t->tv_begin, &tv);
1027 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%5ld\t", tv.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv.tv_usec);
1028 	}
1029 
1030 	/* Time_Of_Day_Seconds: on each row, print sec.usec last timestamp taken */
1031 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TOD))
1032 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%10ld.%06ld\t", t->tv_end.tv_sec, t->tv_end.tv_usec);
1033 
1034 	interval_float = t->tv_delta.tv_sec + t->tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
1035 
1036 	tsc = t->tsc * tsc_tweak;
1037 
1038 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
1039 	if (t == &average.threads) {
1040 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
1041 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1042 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die))
1043 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1044 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node))
1045 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1046 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
1047 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1048 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
1049 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1050 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1051 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1052 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1053 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1054 	} else {
1055 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package)) {
1056 			if (p)
1057 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->package_id);
1058 			else
1059 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1060 		}
1061 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Die)) {
1062 			if (c)
1063 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), cpus[t->cpu_id].die_id);
1064 			else
1065 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1066 		}
1067 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Node)) {
1068 			if (t)
1069 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d",
1070 						(printed++ ? delim : ""),
1071 					      cpus[t->cpu_id].physical_node_id);
1072 			else
1073 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-",
1074 						(printed++ ? delim : ""));
1075 		}
1076 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core)) {
1077 			if (c)
1078 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_id);
1079 			else
1080 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s-", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1081 		}
1082 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
1083 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->cpu_id);
1084 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1085 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->apic_id);
1086 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1087 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->x2apic_id);
1088 	}
1089 
1090 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
1091 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1092 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
1093 
1094 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
1095 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->mperf/tsc);
1096 
1097 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1098 		if (has_base_hz)
1099 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
1100 		else
1101 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1102 				tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
1103 	}
1104 
1105 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
1106 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.0f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
1107 
1108 	/* IRQ */
1109 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ)) {
1110 		if (sums_need_wide_columns)
1111 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
1112 		else
1113 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->irq_count);
1114 	}
1115 
1116 	/* SMI */
1117 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1118 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->smi_count);
1119 
1120 	/* Added counters */
1121 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1122 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1123 			if (mp->width == 32)
1124 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) t->counter[i]);
1125 			else
1126 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1127 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1128 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1129 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1130 			else
1131 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]);
1132 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1133 			if (mp->type == COUNTER_USEC)
1134 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), t->counter[i]/interval_float/10000);
1135 			else
1136 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->counter[i]/tsc);
1137 		}
1138 	}
1139 
1140 	/* C1 */
1141 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
1142 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * t->c1/tsc);
1143 
1144 
1145 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
1146 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1147 		goto done;
1148 
1149 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3))
1150 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c3/tsc);
1151 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
1152 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c6/tsc);
1153 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
1154 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->c7/tsc);
1155 
1156 	/* Mod%c6 */
1157 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
1158 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->mc6_us / tsc);
1159 
1160 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
1161 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_temp_c);
1162 
1163 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1164 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1165 			if (mp->width == 32)
1166 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) c->counter[i]);
1167 			else
1168 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1169 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1170 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1171 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1172 			else
1173 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->counter[i]);
1174 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1175 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * c->counter[i]/tsc);
1176 		}
1177 	}
1178 
1179 	fmt8 = "%s%.2f";
1180 
1181 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1182 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_energy * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1183 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && (do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1184 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), c->core_energy * rapl_energy_units);
1185 
1186 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
1187 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1188 		goto done;
1189 
1190 	/* PkgTmp */
1191 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
1192 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->pkg_temp_c);
1193 
1194 	/* GFXrc6 */
1195 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6)) {
1196 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect GFX counter reset */
1197 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s**.**", (printed++ ? delim : ""));
1198 		} else {
1199 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""),
1200 				p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
1201 		}
1202 	}
1203 
1204 	/* GFXMHz */
1205 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
1206 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->gfx_mhz);
1207 
1208 	/* GFXACTMHz */
1209 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
1210 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%d", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->gfx_act_mhz);
1211 
1212 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
1213 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1214 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/tsc);
1215 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1216 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/tsc);
1217 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1218 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/tsc);
1219 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1220 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/tsc);
1221 
1222 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
1223 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc2/tsc);
1224 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1225 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc3/tsc);
1226 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1227 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc6/tsc);
1228 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1229 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc7/tsc);
1230 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
1231 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc8/tsc);
1232 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
1233 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc9/tsc);
1234 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
1235 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->pc10/tsc);
1236 
1237 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
1238 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->cpu_lpi / 1000000.0 / interval_float);
1239 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
1240 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->sys_lpi / 1000000.0 / interval_float);
1241 
1242 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
1243 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1244 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1245 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1246 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
1247 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
1248 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
1249 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
1250 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
1251 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
1252 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J) && !(do_rapl & RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY))
1253 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
1254 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
1255 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
1256 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
1257 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
1258 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
1259 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
1260 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
1261 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
1262 
1263 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1264 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
1265 			if (mp->width == 32)
1266 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%08x", (printed++ ? delim : ""), (unsigned int) p->counter[i]);
1267 			else
1268 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s0x%016llx", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1269 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
1270 			if ((mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) && sums_need_wide_columns)
1271 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%8lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1272 			else
1273 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%lld", (printed++ ? delim : ""), p->counter[i]);
1274 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
1275 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%s%.2f", (printed++ ? delim : ""), 100.0 * p->counter[i]/tsc);
1276 		}
1277 	}
1278 
1279 done:
1280 	if (*(outp - 1) != '\n')
1281 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
1282 
1283 	return 0;
1284 }
1285 
1286 void flush_output_stdout(void)
1287 {
1288 	FILE *filep;
1289 
1290 	if (outf == stderr)
1291 		filep = stdout;
1292 	else
1293 		filep = outf;
1294 
1295 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
1296 	fflush(filep);
1297 
1298 	outp = output_buffer;
1299 }
1300 void flush_output_stderr(void)
1301 {
1302 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
1303 	fflush(outf);
1304 	outp = output_buffer;
1305 }
1306 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1307 {
1308 	static int printed;
1309 
1310 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
1311 		print_header("\t");
1312 
1313 	format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1314 
1315 	printed = 1;
1316 
1317 	if (summary_only)
1318 		return;
1319 
1320 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
1321 }
1322 
1323 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
1324 	old = ((((unsigned long long)new << 32) - ((unsigned long long)old << 32)) >> 32);
1325 
1326 int
1327 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
1328 {
1329 	int i;
1330 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1331 
1332 
1333 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1334 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1335 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1336 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
1337 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1338 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1339 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1340 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1341 
1342 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
1343 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1344 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
1345 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1346 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
1347 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1348 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
1349 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
1350 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
1351 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
1352 	old->cpu_lpi = new->cpu_lpi - old->cpu_lpi;
1353 	old->sys_lpi = new->sys_lpi - old->sys_lpi;
1354 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
1355 
1356 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
1357 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms >  new->gfx_rc6_ms)
1358 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
1359 	else
1360 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
1361 
1362 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
1363 	old->gfx_act_mhz = new->gfx_act_mhz;
1364 
1365 	old->energy_pkg = new->energy_pkg - old->energy_pkg;
1366 	old->energy_cores = new->energy_cores - old->energy_cores;
1367 	old->energy_gfx = new->energy_gfx - old->energy_gfx;
1368 	old->energy_dram = new->energy_dram - old->energy_dram;
1369 	old->rapl_pkg_perf_status = new->rapl_pkg_perf_status - old->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1370 	old->rapl_dram_perf_status = new->rapl_dram_perf_status - old->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1371 
1372 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1373 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1374 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1375 		else
1376 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1377 	}
1378 
1379 	return 0;
1380 }
1381 
1382 void
1383 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
1384 {
1385 	int i;
1386 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1387 
1388 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
1389 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
1390 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
1391 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
1392 	old->mc6_us = new->mc6_us - old->mc6_us;
1393 
1394 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->core_energy, old->core_energy);
1395 
1396 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1397 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1398 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1399 		else
1400 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1401 	}
1402 }
1403 
1404 int soft_c1_residency_display(int bic)
1405 {
1406 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) || use_c1_residency_msr)
1407 		return 0;
1408 
1409 	return DO_BIC_READ(bic);
1410 }
1411 
1412 /*
1413  * old = new - old
1414  */
1415 int
1416 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
1417 	struct core_data *core_delta)
1418 {
1419 	int i;
1420 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1421 
1422 	/* we run cpuid just the 1st time, copy the results */
1423 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1424 		new->apic_id = old->apic_id;
1425 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1426 		new->x2apic_id = old->x2apic_id;
1427 
1428 	/*
1429 	 * the timestamps from start of measurement interval are in "old"
1430 	 * the timestamp from end of measurement interval are in "new"
1431 	 * over-write old w/ new so we can print end of interval values
1432 	 */
1433 
1434 	timersub(&new->tv_begin, &old->tv_begin, &old->tv_delta);
1435 	old->tv_begin = new->tv_begin;
1436 	old->tv_end = new->tv_end;
1437 
1438 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
1439 
1440 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
1441 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
1442 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
1443 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
1444 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
1445 
1446 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
1447 
1448 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz) ||
1449 	    soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_Avg_MHz)) {
1450 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
1451 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
1452 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
1453 		} else {
1454 			return -1;
1455 		}
1456 	}
1457 
1458 
1459 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1460 		/*
1461 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
1462 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
1463 		 */
1464 	} else {
1465 		/*
1466 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
1467 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
1468 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
1469 		 */
1470 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > (old->tsc * tsc_tweak))
1471 			old->c1 = 0;
1472 		else {
1473 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
1474 			old->c1 = (old->tsc * tsc_tweak) - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
1475 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
1476 		}
1477 	}
1478 
1479 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
1480 		if (debug > 1)
1481 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
1482 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
1483 	}
1484 
1485 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1486 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
1487 
1488 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1489 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
1490 
1491 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1492 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1493 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1494 		else
1495 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1496 	}
1497 	return 0;
1498 }
1499 
1500 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1501 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
1502 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
1503 {
1504 	int retval = 0;
1505 
1506 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
1507 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
1508 		delta_core(c, c2);
1509 
1510 	/* always calculate thread delta */
1511 	retval = delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
1512 	if (retval)
1513 		return retval;
1514 
1515 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
1516 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
1517 		retval = delta_package(p, p2);
1518 
1519 	return retval;
1520 }
1521 
1522 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1523 {
1524 	int i;
1525 	struct msr_counter  *mp;
1526 
1527 	t->tv_begin.tv_sec = 0;
1528 	t->tv_begin.tv_usec = 0;
1529 	t->tv_end.tv_sec = 0;
1530 	t->tv_end.tv_usec = 0;
1531 	t->tv_delta.tv_sec = 0;
1532 	t->tv_delta.tv_usec = 0;
1533 
1534 	t->tsc = 0;
1535 	t->aperf = 0;
1536 	t->mperf = 0;
1537 	t->c1 = 0;
1538 
1539 	t->irq_count = 0;
1540 	t->smi_count = 0;
1541 
1542 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
1543 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
1544 
1545 	c->c3 = 0;
1546 	c->c6 = 0;
1547 	c->c7 = 0;
1548 	c->mc6_us = 0;
1549 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
1550 	c->core_energy = 0;
1551 
1552 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
1553 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
1554 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1555 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1556 
1557 	p->pc2 = 0;
1558 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1559 		p->pc3 = 0;
1560 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1561 		p->pc6 = 0;
1562 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1563 		p->pc7 = 0;
1564 	p->pc8 = 0;
1565 	p->pc9 = 0;
1566 	p->pc10 = 0;
1567 	p->cpu_lpi = 0;
1568 	p->sys_lpi = 0;
1569 
1570 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
1571 	p->energy_dram = 0;
1572 	p->energy_cores = 0;
1573 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
1574 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
1575 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
1576 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
1577 
1578 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
1579 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
1580 	p->gfx_act_mhz = 0;
1581 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1582 		t->counter[i] = 0;
1583 
1584 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1585 		c->counter[i] = 0;
1586 
1587 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1588 		p->counter[i] = 0;
1589 }
1590 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1591 	struct pkg_data *p)
1592 {
1593 	int i;
1594 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1595 
1596 	/* copy un-changing apic_id's */
1597 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC))
1598 		average.threads.apic_id = t->apic_id;
1599 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1600 		average.threads.x2apic_id = t->x2apic_id;
1601 
1602 	/* remember first tv_begin */
1603 	if (average.threads.tv_begin.tv_sec == 0)
1604 		average.threads.tv_begin = t->tv_begin;
1605 
1606 	/* remember last tv_end */
1607 	average.threads.tv_end = t->tv_end;
1608 
1609 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
1610 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
1611 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
1612 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
1613 
1614 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
1615 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
1616 
1617 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1618 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1619 			continue;
1620 		average.threads.counter[i] += t->counter[i];
1621 	}
1622 
1623 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
1624 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1625 		return 0;
1626 
1627 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
1628 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
1629 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
1630 	average.cores.mc6_us += c->mc6_us;
1631 
1632 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
1633 
1634 	average.cores.core_energy += c->core_energy;
1635 
1636 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1637 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1638 			continue;
1639 		average.cores.counter[i] += c->counter[i];
1640 	}
1641 
1642 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
1643 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1644 		return 0;
1645 
1646 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1647 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1648 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1649 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
1650 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1651 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1652 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1653 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1654 
1655 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
1656 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1657 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
1658 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1659 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
1660 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1661 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
1662 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
1663 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
1664 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
1665 
1666 	average.packages.cpu_lpi = p->cpu_lpi;
1667 	average.packages.sys_lpi = p->sys_lpi;
1668 
1669 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
1670 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
1671 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
1672 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
1673 
1674 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
1675 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
1676 	average.packages.gfx_act_mhz = p->gfx_act_mhz;
1677 
1678 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
1679 
1680 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1681 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1682 
1683 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1684 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1685 			continue;
1686 		average.packages.counter[i] += p->counter[i];
1687 	}
1688 	return 0;
1689 }
1690 /*
1691  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1692  * compute the weighted average
1693  */
1694 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1695 	struct pkg_data *p)
1696 {
1697 	int i;
1698 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1699 
1700 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1701 
1702 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1703 
1704 	/* Use the global time delta for the average. */
1705 	average.threads.tv_delta = tv_delta;
1706 
1707 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1708 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1709 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1710 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1711 
1712 	if (average.threads.irq_count > 9999999)
1713 		sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1714 
1715 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1716 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1717 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1718 	average.cores.mc6_us /= topo.num_cores;
1719 
1720 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0))
1721 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1722 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0))
1723 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1724 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0))
1725 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1726 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX))
1727 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1728 
1729 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1730 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
1731 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1732 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6))
1733 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1734 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
1735 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1736 
1737 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1738 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1739 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1740 
1741 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1742 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1743 			continue;
1744 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1745 			if (average.threads.counter[i] > 9999999)
1746 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1747 			continue;
1748 		}
1749 		average.threads.counter[i] /= topo.num_cpus;
1750 	}
1751 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1752 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1753 			continue;
1754 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1755 			if (average.cores.counter[i] > 9999999)
1756 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1757 		}
1758 		average.cores.counter[i] /= topo.num_cores;
1759 	}
1760 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1761 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1762 			continue;
1763 		if (mp->type == COUNTER_ITEMS) {
1764 			if (average.packages.counter[i] > 9999999)
1765 				sums_need_wide_columns = 1;
1766 		}
1767 		average.packages.counter[i] /= topo.num_packages;
1768 	}
1769 }
1770 
1771 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1772 {
1773 	unsigned int low, high;
1774 
1775 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
1776 
1777 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1778 }
1779 
1780 /*
1781  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1782  */
1783 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1784 {
1785 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1786 
1787 	if (!filep)
1788 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1789 	return filep;
1790 }
1791 /*
1792  * snapshot_sysfs_counter()
1793  *
1794  * return snapshot of given counter
1795  */
1796 unsigned long long snapshot_sysfs_counter(char *path)
1797 {
1798 	FILE *fp;
1799 	int retval;
1800 	unsigned long long counter;
1801 
1802 	fp = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1803 
1804 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &counter);
1805 	if (retval != 1)
1806 		err(1, "snapshot_sysfs_counter(%s)", path);
1807 
1808 	fclose(fp);
1809 
1810 	return counter;
1811 }
1812 
1813 int get_mp(int cpu, struct msr_counter *mp, unsigned long long *counterp)
1814 {
1815 	if (mp->msr_num != 0) {
1816 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, counterp))
1817 			return -1;
1818 	} else {
1819 		char path[128 + PATH_BYTES];
1820 
1821 		if (mp->flags & SYSFS_PERCPU) {
1822 			sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/%s",
1823 				 cpu, mp->path);
1824 
1825 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(path);
1826 		} else {
1827 			*counterp = snapshot_sysfs_counter(mp->path);
1828 		}
1829 	}
1830 
1831 	return 0;
1832 }
1833 
1834 int get_epb(int cpu)
1835 {
1836 	char path[128 + PATH_BYTES];
1837 	unsigned long long msr;
1838 	int ret, epb = -1;
1839 	FILE *fp;
1840 
1841 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/power/energy_perf_bias", cpu);
1842 
1843 	fp = fopen(path, "r");
1844 	if (!fp)
1845 		goto msr_fallback;
1846 
1847 	ret = fscanf(fp, "%d", &epb);
1848 	if (ret != 1)
1849 		err(1, "%s(%s)", __func__, path);
1850 
1851 	fclose(fp);
1852 
1853 	return epb;
1854 
1855 msr_fallback:
1856 	get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr);
1857 
1858 	return msr & 0xf;
1859 }
1860 
1861 void get_apic_id(struct thread_data *t)
1862 {
1863 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
1864 
1865 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_APIC)) {
1866 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1867 		__cpuid(1, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1868 
1869 		t->apic_id = (ebx >> 24) & 0xff;
1870 	}
1871 
1872 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_X2APIC))
1873 		return;
1874 
1875 	if (authentic_amd || hygon_genuine) {
1876 		unsigned int topology_extensions;
1877 
1878 		if (max_extended_level < 0x8000001e)
1879 			return;
1880 
1881 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1882 		__cpuid(0x80000001, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1883 			topology_extensions = ecx & (1 << 22);
1884 
1885 		if (topology_extensions == 0)
1886 			return;
1887 
1888 		eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
1889 		__cpuid(0x8000001e, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1890 
1891 		t->x2apic_id = eax;
1892 		return;
1893 	}
1894 
1895 	if (!genuine_intel)
1896 		return;
1897 
1898 	if (max_level < 0xb)
1899 		return;
1900 
1901 	ecx = 0;
1902 	__cpuid(0xb, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
1903 	t->x2apic_id = edx;
1904 
1905 	if (debug && (t->apic_id != (t->x2apic_id & 0xff)))
1906 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: BIOS BUG: apic 0x%x x2apic 0x%x\n",
1907 				t->cpu_id, t->apic_id, t->x2apic_id);
1908 }
1909 
1910 /*
1911  * get_counters(...)
1912  * migrate to cpu
1913  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1914  */
1915 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1916 {
1917 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1918 	unsigned long long msr;
1919 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1920 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1921 	int i;
1922 
1923 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1924 		fprintf(outf, "get_counters: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1925 		return -1;
1926 	}
1927 
1928 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_begin, (struct timezone *)NULL);
1929 
1930 	if (first_counter_read)
1931 		get_apic_id(t);
1932 retry:
1933 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1934 
1935 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz) ||
1936 	    soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_Avg_MHz)) {
1937 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1938 
1939 		/*
1940 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
1941 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
1942 		 *
1943 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
1944 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
1945 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
1946 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
1947 		 */
1948 
1949 		/*
1950 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
1951 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
1952 		 */
1953 
1954 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1955 			return -3;
1956 
1957 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
1958 
1959 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
1960 
1961 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1962 			return -3;
1963 
1964 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
1965 
1966 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1967 			return -4;
1968 
1969 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
1970 
1971 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
1972 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
1973 
1974 		/*
1975 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
1976 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
1977 		 */
1978 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
1979 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
1980 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
1981 				goto retry;
1982 			else
1983 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld",
1984 					cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
1985 		}
1986 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1987 
1988 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1989 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1990 	}
1991 
1992 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1993 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
1994 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI)) {
1995 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1996 			return -5;
1997 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1998 	}
1999 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) && use_c1_residency_msr) {
2000 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
2001 			return -6;
2002 	}
2003 
2004 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
2005 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &t->counter[i]))
2006 			return -10;
2007 	}
2008 
2009 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
2010 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
2011 		goto done;
2012 
2013 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c3)) {
2014 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
2015 			return -6;
2016 	}
2017 
2018 	if ((DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c6)) && !do_knl_cstates) {
2019 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
2020 			return -7;
2021 	} else if (do_knl_cstates || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c6)) {
2022 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
2023 			return -7;
2024 	}
2025 
2026 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7) || soft_c1_residency_display(BIC_CPU_c7))
2027 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
2028 			return -8;
2029 
2030 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
2031 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_MODULE_C6_RES_MS, &c->mc6_us))
2032 			return -8;
2033 
2034 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp)) {
2035 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2036 			return -9;
2037 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
2038 	}
2039 
2040 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
2041 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_ENERGY_STAT, &msr))
2042 			return -14;
2043 		c->core_energy = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
2044 	}
2045 
2046 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
2047 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &c->counter[i]))
2048 			return -10;
2049 	}
2050 
2051 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
2052 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2053 		goto done;
2054 
2055 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Totl_c0)) {
2056 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
2057 			return -10;
2058 	}
2059 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Any_c0)) {
2060 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
2061 			return -11;
2062 	}
2063 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_c0)) {
2064 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
2065 			return -12;
2066 	}
2067 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPUGFX)) {
2068 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
2069 			return -13;
2070 	}
2071 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc3))
2072 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
2073 			return -9;
2074 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc6)) {
2075 		if (do_slm_cstates) {
2076 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_ATOM_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
2077 				return -10;
2078 		} else {
2079 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
2080 				return -10;
2081 		}
2082 	}
2083 
2084 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc2))
2085 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
2086 			return -11;
2087 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc7))
2088 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
2089 			return -12;
2090 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc8))
2091 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
2092 			return -13;
2093 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc9))
2094 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
2095 			return -13;
2096 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkgpc10))
2097 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
2098 			return -13;
2099 
2100 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
2101 		p->cpu_lpi = cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us;
2102 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
2103 		p->sys_lpi = cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us;
2104 
2105 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
2106 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2107 			return -13;
2108 		p->energy_pkg = msr;
2109 	}
2110 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS) {
2111 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2112 			return -14;
2113 		p->energy_cores = msr;
2114 	}
2115 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
2116 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2117 			return -15;
2118 		p->energy_dram = msr;
2119 	}
2120 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
2121 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
2122 			return -16;
2123 		p->energy_gfx = msr;
2124 	}
2125 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
2126 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
2127 			return -16;
2128 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr;
2129 	}
2130 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
2131 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
2132 			return -16;
2133 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr;
2134 	}
2135 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
2136 		if (get_msr_sum(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STAT, &msr))
2137 			return -13;
2138 		p->energy_pkg = msr;
2139 	}
2140 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp)) {
2141 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2142 			return -17;
2143 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
2144 	}
2145 
2146 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
2147 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
2148 
2149 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
2150 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
2151 
2152 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
2153 		p->gfx_act_mhz = gfx_act_mhz;
2154 
2155 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
2156 		if (get_mp(cpu, mp, &p->counter[i]))
2157 			return -10;
2158 	}
2159 done:
2160 	gettimeofday(&t->tv_end, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2161 
2162 	return 0;
2163 }
2164 
2165 /*
2166  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
2167  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
2168  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
2169  */
2170 
2171 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
2172 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
2173 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
2174 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
2175 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
2176 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
2177 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
2178 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
2179 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
2180 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
2181 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
2182 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
2183 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
2184 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
2185 #define PCL_10 14 /* PC10 */
2186 #define PCLUNL 15 /* Unlimited */
2187 
2188 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
2189 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
2190 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "pc10", "unlimited"};
2191 
2192 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2193 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2194 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2195 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7};
2196 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2197 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2198 int glm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCL_10, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2199 int skx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
2200 
2201 
2202 static void
2203 calculate_tsc_tweak()
2204 {
2205 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
2206 }
2207 
2208 static void
2209 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
2210 {
2211 	unsigned long long msr;
2212 	unsigned int ratio;
2213 
2214 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2215 
2216 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2217 
2218 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2219 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
2220 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2221 
2222 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2223 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
2224 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2225 
2226 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
2227 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
2228 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
2229 
2230 	return;
2231 }
2232 
2233 static void
2234 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2235 {
2236 	unsigned long long msr;
2237 	unsigned int ratio;
2238 
2239 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
2240 
2241 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2242 
2243 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2244 	if (ratio)
2245 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
2246 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2247 
2248 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2249 	if (ratio)
2250 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
2251 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2252 	return;
2253 }
2254 
2255 static void
2256 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2257 {
2258 	unsigned long long msr;
2259 	unsigned int ratio;
2260 
2261 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
2262 
2263 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2264 
2265 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
2266 	if (ratio)
2267 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
2268 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2269 
2270 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
2271 	if (ratio)
2272 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
2273 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2274 
2275 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2276 	if (ratio)
2277 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
2278 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2279 
2280 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
2281 	if (ratio)
2282 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
2283 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2284 
2285 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
2286 	if (ratio)
2287 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
2288 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2289 
2290 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
2291 	if (ratio)
2292 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
2293 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2294 
2295 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2296 	if (ratio)
2297 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
2298 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2299 
2300 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2301 	if (ratio)
2302 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
2303 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2304 	return;
2305 }
2306 int has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(int family, int model)
2307 {
2308 
2309 	if (!genuine_intel)
2310 		return 0;
2311 
2312 	switch (model) {
2313 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
2314 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
2315 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:
2316 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:
2317 		return 1;
2318 	}
2319 	return 0;
2320 }
2321 
2322 static void
2323 dump_turbo_ratio_limits(int family, int model)
2324 {
2325 	unsigned long long msr, core_counts;
2326 	unsigned int ratio, group_size;
2327 
2328 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2329 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
2330 
2331 	if (has_turbo_ratio_group_limits(family, model)) {
2332 		get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &core_counts);
2333 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, core_counts);
2334 	} else {
2335 		core_counts = 0x0807060504030201;
2336 	}
2337 
2338 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
2339 	group_size = (core_counts >> 56) & 0xFF;
2340 	if (ratio)
2341 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2342 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2343 
2344 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
2345 	group_size = (core_counts >> 48) & 0xFF;
2346 	if (ratio)
2347 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2348 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2349 
2350 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
2351 	group_size = (core_counts >> 40) & 0xFF;
2352 	if (ratio)
2353 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2354 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2355 
2356 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
2357 	group_size = (core_counts >> 32) & 0xFF;
2358 	if (ratio)
2359 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2360 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2361 
2362 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
2363 	group_size = (core_counts >> 24) & 0xFF;
2364 	if (ratio)
2365 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2366 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2367 
2368 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
2369 	group_size = (core_counts >> 16) & 0xFF;
2370 	if (ratio)
2371 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2372 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2373 
2374 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2375 	group_size = (core_counts >> 8) & 0xFF;
2376 	if (ratio)
2377 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2378 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2379 
2380 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
2381 	group_size = (core_counts >> 0) & 0xFF;
2382 	if (ratio)
2383 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2384 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk, group_size);
2385 	return;
2386 }
2387 
2388 static void
2389 dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2390 {
2391 	unsigned long long msr;
2392 	unsigned int ratio;
2393 
2394 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS, &msr);
2395 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
2396 
2397 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2398 	if (ratio)
2399 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz minimum operating frequency\n",
2400 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2401 
2402 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
2403 	if (ratio)
2404 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz low frequency mode (LFM)\n",
2405 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2406 
2407 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
2408 	if (ratio)
2409 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
2410 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2411 
2412 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS, &msr);
2413 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
2414 
2415 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0x3F;
2416 	if (ratio)
2417 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
2418 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2419 
2420 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
2421 	if (ratio)
2422 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
2423 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2424 
2425 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
2426 	if (ratio)
2427 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
2428 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2429 
2430 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
2431 	if (ratio)
2432 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 1 active core\n",
2433 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
2434 }
2435 
2436 static void
2437 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
2438 {
2439 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
2440 
2441 	unsigned long long msr;
2442 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
2443 	int i, b_nr;
2444 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
2445 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
2446 
2447 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
2448 
2449 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
2450 		base_cpu, msr);
2451 
2452 	/**
2453 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
2454 	 * [0] -- Reserved
2455 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
2456 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
2457 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
2458 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
2459 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
2460 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
2461 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
2462 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
2463 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
2464 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
2465 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
2466 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
2467 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
2468 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
2469 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
2470 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
2471 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
2472 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
2473 	 */
2474 
2475 	b_nr = 0;
2476 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
2477 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2478 
2479 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
2480 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
2481 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
2482 
2483 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
2484 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
2485 		b_nr++;
2486 	}
2487 
2488 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2489 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
2490 			fprintf(outf,
2491 				"%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
2492 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
2493 }
2494 
2495 static void
2496 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
2497 {
2498 	unsigned long long msr;
2499 
2500 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
2501 
2502 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2503 
2504 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked, pkg-cstate-limit=%d (%s)",
2505 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
2506 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
2507 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
2508 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
2509 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
2510 		(unsigned int)msr & 0xF,
2511 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
2512 
2513 #define AUTOMATIC_CSTATE_CONVERSION		(1UL << 16)
2514 	if (has_automatic_cstate_conversion) {
2515 		fprintf(outf, ", automatic c-state conversion=%s",
2516 			(msr & AUTOMATIC_CSTATE_CONVERSION) ? "on" : "off");
2517 	}
2518 
2519 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2520 
2521 	return;
2522 }
2523 
2524 static void
2525 dump_config_tdp(void)
2526 {
2527 	unsigned long long msr;
2528 
2529 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
2530 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
2531 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
2532 
2533 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
2534 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2535 	if (msr) {
2536 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2537 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2538 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2539 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2540 	}
2541 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2542 
2543 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
2544 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2545 	if (msr) {
2546 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
2547 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
2548 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
2549 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
2550 	}
2551 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2552 
2553 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
2554 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2555 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
2556 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
2557 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2558 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2559 
2560 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
2561 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2562 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
2563 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
2564 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
2565 }
2566 
2567 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = {1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
2568 
2569 void print_irtl(void)
2570 {
2571 	unsigned long long msr;
2572 
2573 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
2574 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2575 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2576 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2577 
2578 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
2579 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2580 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2581 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2582 
2583 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
2584 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2585 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2586 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2587 
2588 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
2589 		return;
2590 
2591 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
2592 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2593 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2594 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2595 
2596 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
2597 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2598 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2599 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2600 
2601 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
2602 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
2603 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
2604 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
2605 
2606 }
2607 void free_fd_percpu(void)
2608 {
2609 	int i;
2610 
2611 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num + 1; ++i) {
2612 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
2613 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
2614 	}
2615 
2616 	free(fd_percpu);
2617 }
2618 
2619 void free_all_buffers(void)
2620 {
2621 	int i;
2622 
2623 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
2624 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
2625 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
2626 
2627 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
2628 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
2629 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
2630 
2631 	free(thread_even);
2632 	free(core_even);
2633 	free(package_even);
2634 
2635 	thread_even = NULL;
2636 	core_even = NULL;
2637 	package_even = NULL;
2638 
2639 	free(thread_odd);
2640 	free(core_odd);
2641 	free(package_odd);
2642 
2643 	thread_odd = NULL;
2644 	core_odd = NULL;
2645 	package_odd = NULL;
2646 
2647 	free(output_buffer);
2648 	output_buffer = NULL;
2649 	outp = NULL;
2650 
2651 	free_fd_percpu();
2652 
2653 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
2654 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
2655 
2656 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
2657 		if (cpus[i].put_ids)
2658 			CPU_FREE(cpus[i].put_ids);
2659 	}
2660 	free(cpus);
2661 }
2662 
2663 
2664 /*
2665  * Parse a file containing a single int.
2666  * Return 0 if file can not be opened
2667  * Exit if file can be opened, but can not be parsed
2668  */
2669 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
2670 {
2671 	va_list args;
2672 	char path[PATH_MAX];
2673 	FILE *filep;
2674 	int value;
2675 
2676 	va_start(args, fmt);
2677 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
2678 	va_end(args);
2679 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
2680 	if (!filep)
2681 		return 0;
2682 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
2683 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
2684 	fclose(filep);
2685 	return value;
2686 }
2687 
2688 /*
2689  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
2690  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
2691  */
2692 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
2693 {
2694 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
2695 }
2696 
2697 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
2698 {
2699 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
2700 }
2701 
2702 int get_die_id(int cpu)
2703 {
2704 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/die_id", cpu);
2705 }
2706 
2707 int get_core_id(int cpu)
2708 {
2709 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
2710 }
2711 
2712 void set_node_data(void)
2713 {
2714 	int pkg, node, lnode, cpu, cpux;
2715 	int cpu_count;
2716 
2717 	/* initialize logical_node_id */
2718 	for (cpu = 0; cpu <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++cpu)
2719 		cpus[cpu].logical_node_id = -1;
2720 
2721 	cpu_count = 0;
2722 	for (pkg = 0; pkg < topo.num_packages; pkg++) {
2723 		lnode = 0;
2724 		for (cpu = 0; cpu <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++cpu) {
2725 			if (cpus[cpu].physical_package_id != pkg)
2726 				continue;
2727 			/* find a cpu with an unset logical_node_id */
2728 			if (cpus[cpu].logical_node_id != -1)
2729 				continue;
2730 			cpus[cpu].logical_node_id = lnode;
2731 			node = cpus[cpu].physical_node_id;
2732 			cpu_count++;
2733 			/*
2734 			 * find all matching cpus on this pkg and set
2735 			 * the logical_node_id
2736 			 */
2737 			for (cpux = cpu; cpux <= topo.max_cpu_num; cpux++) {
2738 				if ((cpus[cpux].physical_package_id == pkg) &&
2739 				   (cpus[cpux].physical_node_id == node)) {
2740 					cpus[cpux].logical_node_id = lnode;
2741 					cpu_count++;
2742 				}
2743 			}
2744 			lnode++;
2745 			if (lnode > topo.nodes_per_pkg)
2746 				topo.nodes_per_pkg = lnode;
2747 		}
2748 		if (cpu_count >= topo.max_cpu_num)
2749 			break;
2750 	}
2751 }
2752 
2753 int get_physical_node_id(struct cpu_topology *thiscpu)
2754 {
2755 	char path[80];
2756 	FILE *filep;
2757 	int i;
2758 	int cpu = thiscpu->logical_cpu_id;
2759 
2760 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; i++) {
2761 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/node%i/cpulist",
2762 			cpu, i);
2763 		filep = fopen(path, "r");
2764 		if (!filep)
2765 			continue;
2766 		fclose(filep);
2767 		return i;
2768 	}
2769 	return -1;
2770 }
2771 
2772 int get_thread_siblings(struct cpu_topology *thiscpu)
2773 {
2774 	char path[80], character;
2775 	FILE *filep;
2776 	unsigned long map;
2777 	int so, shift, sib_core;
2778 	int cpu = thiscpu->logical_cpu_id;
2779 	int offset = topo.max_cpu_num + 1;
2780 	size_t size;
2781 	int thread_id = 0;
2782 
2783 	thiscpu->put_ids = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
2784 	if (thiscpu->thread_id < 0)
2785 		thiscpu->thread_id = thread_id++;
2786 	if (!thiscpu->put_ids)
2787 		return -1;
2788 
2789 	size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
2790 	CPU_ZERO_S(size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2791 
2792 	sprintf(path,
2793 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings", cpu);
2794 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
2795 
2796 	if (!filep) {
2797 		warnx("%s: open failed", path);
2798 		return -1;
2799 	}
2800 	do {
2801 		offset -= BITMASK_SIZE;
2802 		if (fscanf(filep, "%lx%c", &map, &character) != 2)
2803 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse file", path);
2804 		for (shift = 0; shift < BITMASK_SIZE; shift++) {
2805 			if ((map >> shift) & 0x1) {
2806 				so = shift + offset;
2807 				sib_core = get_core_id(so);
2808 				if (sib_core == thiscpu->physical_core_id) {
2809 					CPU_SET_S(so, size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2810 					if ((so != cpu) &&
2811 					    (cpus[so].thread_id < 0))
2812 						cpus[so].thread_id =
2813 								    thread_id++;
2814 				}
2815 			}
2816 		}
2817 	} while (!strncmp(&character, ",", 1));
2818 	fclose(filep);
2819 
2820 	return CPU_COUNT_S(size, thiscpu->put_ids);
2821 }
2822 
2823 /*
2824  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
2825  * skip non-present cpus
2826  */
2827 
2828 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2829 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2830 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
2831 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
2832 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
2833 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
2834 {
2835 	int retval, pkg_no, node_no, core_no, thread_no;
2836 
2837 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
2838 		for (node_no = 0; node_no < topo.nodes_per_pkg; ++node_no) {
2839 			for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.cores_per_node;
2840 			     ++core_no) {
2841 				for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
2842 					topo.threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
2843 					struct thread_data *t, *t2;
2844 					struct core_data *c, *c2;
2845 					struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
2846 
2847 					t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no,
2848 						       core_no, node_no,
2849 						       pkg_no);
2850 
2851 					if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
2852 						continue;
2853 
2854 					t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no,
2855 							core_no, node_no,
2856 							pkg_no);
2857 
2858 					c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no,
2859 						     node_no, pkg_no);
2860 					c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no,
2861 						      node_no,
2862 						      pkg_no);
2863 
2864 					p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
2865 					p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
2866 
2867 					retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
2868 					if (retval)
2869 						return retval;
2870 				}
2871 			}
2872 		}
2873 	}
2874 	return 0;
2875 }
2876 
2877 /*
2878  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
2879  * return max_cpu number
2880  */
2881 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
2882 {
2883 	FILE *fp;
2884 	int cpu_num;
2885 	int retval;
2886 
2887 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
2888 
2889 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
2890 	if (retval != 0)
2891 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
2892 
2893 	while (1) {
2894 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
2895 		if (retval != 1)
2896 			break;
2897 
2898 		retval = func(cpu_num);
2899 		if (retval) {
2900 			fclose(fp);
2901 			return(retval);
2902 		}
2903 	}
2904 	fclose(fp);
2905 	return 0;
2906 }
2907 
2908 void re_initialize(void)
2909 {
2910 	free_all_buffers();
2911 	setup_all_buffers();
2912 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
2913 }
2914 
2915 void set_max_cpu_num(void)
2916 {
2917 	FILE *filep;
2918 	int base_cpu;
2919 	unsigned long dummy;
2920 	char pathname[64];
2921 
2922 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
2923 	if (base_cpu < 0)
2924 		err(1, "cannot find calling cpu ID");
2925 	sprintf(pathname,
2926 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings",
2927 		base_cpu);
2928 
2929 	filep = fopen_or_die(pathname, "r");
2930 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
2931 	while (fscanf(filep, "%lx,", &dummy) == 1)
2932 		topo.max_cpu_num += BITMASK_SIZE;
2933 	fclose(filep);
2934 	topo.max_cpu_num--; /* 0 based */
2935 }
2936 
2937 /*
2938  * count_cpus()
2939  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
2940  */
2941 int count_cpus(int cpu)
2942 {
2943 	topo.num_cpus++;
2944 	return 0;
2945 }
2946 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
2947 {
2948 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
2949 	return 0;
2950 }
2951 
2952 int init_thread_id(int cpu)
2953 {
2954 	cpus[cpu].thread_id = -1;
2955 	return 0;
2956 }
2957 
2958 /*
2959  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
2960  *
2961  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
2962  *
2963  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2964  */
2965 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
2966 {
2967 	static FILE *fp;
2968 	int column, retval;
2969 
2970 	if (fp == NULL)
2971 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
2972 	else
2973 		rewind(fp);
2974 
2975 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
2976 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2977 		int cpu_number;
2978 
2979 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
2980 		if (retval != 1)
2981 			break;
2982 
2983 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
2984 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
2985 			return 1;
2986 		}
2987 
2988 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
2989 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
2990 	}
2991 
2992 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
2993 	while (1) {
2994 		int column;
2995 		char buf[64];
2996 
2997 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
2998 		if (retval != 1)
2999 			break;
3000 
3001 		/* read the count per cpu */
3002 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
3003 
3004 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
3005 
3006 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
3007 			if (retval != 1)
3008 				break;
3009 
3010 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
3011 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
3012 
3013 		}
3014 
3015 		while (getc(fp) != '\n')
3016 			;	/* flush interrupt description */
3017 
3018 	}
3019 	return 0;
3020 }
3021 /*
3022  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
3023  *
3024  * record snapshot of
3025  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
3026  *
3027  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3028  */
3029 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
3030 {
3031 	FILE *fp;
3032 	int retval;
3033 
3034 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
3035 
3036 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
3037 	if (retval != 1)
3038 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
3039 
3040 	fclose(fp);
3041 
3042 	return 0;
3043 }
3044 /*
3045  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
3046  *
3047  * record snapshot of
3048  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
3049  *
3050  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3051  */
3052 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
3053 {
3054 	static FILE *fp;
3055 	int retval;
3056 
3057 	if (fp == NULL)
3058 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
3059 	else {
3060 		rewind(fp);
3061 		fflush(fp);
3062 	}
3063 
3064 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
3065 	if (retval != 1)
3066 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
3067 
3068 	return 0;
3069 }
3070 
3071 /*
3072  * snapshot_gfx_cur_mhz()
3073  *
3074  * record snapshot of
3075  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_act_freq_mhz
3076  *
3077  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
3078  */
3079 int snapshot_gfx_act_mhz(void)
3080 {
3081 	static FILE *fp;
3082 	int retval;
3083 
3084 	if (fp == NULL)
3085 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_act_freq_mhz", "r");
3086 	else {
3087 		rewind(fp);
3088 		fflush(fp);
3089 	}
3090 
3091 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_act_mhz);
3092 	if (retval != 1)
3093 		err(1, "GFX ACT MHz");
3094 
3095 	return 0;
3096 }
3097 
3098 /*
3099  * snapshot_cpu_lpi()
3100  *
3101  * record snapshot of
3102  * /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us
3103  */
3104 int snapshot_cpu_lpi_us(void)
3105 {
3106 	FILE *fp;
3107 	int retval;
3108 
3109 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us", "r");
3110 
3111 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &cpuidle_cur_cpu_lpi_us);
3112 	if (retval != 1) {
3113 		fprintf(stderr, "Disabling Low Power Idle CPU output\n");
3114 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
3115 		fclose(fp);
3116 		return -1;
3117 	}
3118 
3119 	fclose(fp);
3120 
3121 	return 0;
3122 }
3123 /*
3124  * snapshot_sys_lpi()
3125  *
3126  * record snapshot of sys_lpi_file
3127  */
3128 int snapshot_sys_lpi_us(void)
3129 {
3130 	FILE *fp;
3131 	int retval;
3132 
3133 	fp = fopen_or_die(sys_lpi_file, "r");
3134 
3135 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &cpuidle_cur_sys_lpi_us);
3136 	if (retval != 1) {
3137 		fprintf(stderr, "Disabling Low Power Idle System output\n");
3138 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
3139 		fclose(fp);
3140 		return -1;
3141 	}
3142 	fclose(fp);
3143 
3144 	return 0;
3145 }
3146 /*
3147  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
3148  *
3149  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
3150  */
3151 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
3152 {
3153 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
3154 		if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
3155 			return 1;
3156 
3157 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
3158 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
3159 
3160 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
3161 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
3162 
3163 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXACTMHz))
3164 		snapshot_gfx_act_mhz();
3165 
3166 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_LPI))
3167 		snapshot_cpu_lpi_us();
3168 
3169 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SYS_LPI))
3170 		snapshot_sys_lpi_us();
3171 
3172 	return 0;
3173 }
3174 
3175 int exit_requested;
3176 
3177 static void signal_handler (int signal)
3178 {
3179 	switch (signal) {
3180 	case SIGINT:
3181 		exit_requested = 1;
3182 		if (debug)
3183 			fprintf(stderr, " SIGINT\n");
3184 		break;
3185 	case SIGUSR1:
3186 		if (debug > 1)
3187 			fprintf(stderr, "SIGUSR1\n");
3188 		break;
3189 	}
3190 }
3191 
3192 void setup_signal_handler(void)
3193 {
3194 	struct sigaction sa;
3195 
3196 	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
3197 
3198 	sa.sa_handler = &signal_handler;
3199 
3200 	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL) < 0)
3201 		err(1, "sigaction SIGINT");
3202 	if (sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sa, NULL) < 0)
3203 		err(1, "sigaction SIGUSR1");
3204 }
3205 
3206 void do_sleep(void)
3207 {
3208 	struct timeval tout;
3209 	struct timespec rest;
3210 	fd_set readfds;
3211 	int retval;
3212 
3213 	FD_ZERO(&readfds);
3214 	FD_SET(0, &readfds);
3215 
3216 	if (ignore_stdin) {
3217 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
3218 		return;
3219 	}
3220 
3221 	tout = interval_tv;
3222 	retval = select(1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &tout);
3223 
3224 	if (retval == 1) {
3225 		switch (getc(stdin)) {
3226 		case 'q':
3227 			exit_requested = 1;
3228 			break;
3229 		case EOF:
3230 			/*
3231 			 * 'stdin' is a pipe closed on the other end. There
3232 			 * won't be any further input.
3233 			 */
3234 			ignore_stdin = 1;
3235 			/* Sleep the rest of the time */
3236 			rest.tv_sec = (tout.tv_sec + tout.tv_usec / 1000000);
3237 			rest.tv_nsec = (tout.tv_usec % 1000000) * 1000;
3238 			nanosleep(&rest, NULL);
3239 		}
3240 	}
3241 }
3242 
3243 int get_msr_sum(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
3244 {
3245 	int ret, idx;
3246 	unsigned long long msr_cur, msr_last;
3247 
3248 	if (!per_cpu_msr_sum)
3249 		return 1;
3250 
3251 	idx = offset_to_idx(offset);
3252 	if (idx < 0)
3253 		return idx;
3254 	/* get_msr_sum() = sum + (get_msr() - last) */
3255 	ret = get_msr(cpu, offset, &msr_cur);
3256 	if (ret)
3257 		return ret;
3258 	msr_last = per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[idx].last;
3259 	DELTA_WRAP32(msr_cur, msr_last);
3260 	*msr = msr_last + per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[idx].sum;
3261 
3262 	return 0;
3263 }
3264 
3265 timer_t timerid;
3266 
3267 /* Timer callback, update the sum of MSRs periodically. */
3268 static int update_msr_sum(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3269 {
3270 	int i, ret;
3271 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
3272 
3273 	for (i = IDX_PKG_ENERGY; i < IDX_COUNT; i++) {
3274 		unsigned long long msr_cur, msr_last;
3275 		int offset;
3276 
3277 		if (!idx_valid(i))
3278 			continue;
3279 		offset = idx_to_offset(i);
3280 		if (offset < 0)
3281 			continue;
3282 		ret = get_msr(cpu, offset, &msr_cur);
3283 		if (ret) {
3284 			fprintf(outf, "Can not update msr(0x%x)\n", offset);
3285 			continue;
3286 		}
3287 
3288 		msr_last = per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[i].last;
3289 		per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[i].last = msr_cur & 0xffffffff;
3290 
3291 		DELTA_WRAP32(msr_cur, msr_last);
3292 		per_cpu_msr_sum[cpu].entries[i].sum += msr_last;
3293 	}
3294 	return 0;
3295 }
3296 
3297 static void
3298 msr_record_handler(union sigval v)
3299 {
3300 	for_all_cpus(update_msr_sum, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3301 }
3302 
3303 void msr_sum_record(void)
3304 {
3305 	struct itimerspec its;
3306 	struct sigevent sev;
3307 
3308 	per_cpu_msr_sum = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(struct msr_sum_array));
3309 	if (!per_cpu_msr_sum) {
3310 		fprintf(outf, "Can not allocate memory for long time MSR.\n");
3311 		return;
3312 	}
3313 	/*
3314 	 * Signal handler might be restricted, so use thread notifier instead.
3315 	 */
3316 	memset(&sev, 0, sizeof(struct sigevent));
3317 	sev.sigev_notify = SIGEV_THREAD;
3318 	sev.sigev_notify_function = msr_record_handler;
3319 
3320 	sev.sigev_value.sival_ptr = &timerid;
3321 	if (timer_create(CLOCK_REALTIME, &sev, &timerid) == -1) {
3322 		fprintf(outf, "Can not create timer.\n");
3323 		goto release_msr;
3324 	}
3325 
3326 	its.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
3327 	its.it_value.tv_nsec = 1;
3328 	/*
3329 	 * A wraparound time has been calculated early.
3330 	 * Some sources state that the peak power for a
3331 	 * microprocessor is usually 1.5 times the TDP rating,
3332 	 * use 2 * TDP for safety.
3333 	 */
3334 	its.it_interval.tv_sec = rapl_joule_counter_range / 2;
3335 	its.it_interval.tv_nsec = 0;
3336 
3337 	if (timer_settime(timerid, 0, &its, NULL) == -1) {
3338 		fprintf(outf, "Can not set timer.\n");
3339 		goto release_timer;
3340 	}
3341 	return;
3342 
3343  release_timer:
3344 	timer_delete(timerid);
3345  release_msr:
3346 	free(per_cpu_msr_sum);
3347 }
3348 
3349 void turbostat_loop()
3350 {
3351 	int retval;
3352 	int restarted = 0;
3353 	int done_iters = 0;
3354 
3355 	setup_signal_handler();
3356 
3357 restart:
3358 	restarted++;
3359 
3360 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
3361 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3362 	first_counter_read = 0;
3363 	if (retval < -1) {
3364 		exit(retval);
3365 	} else if (retval == -1) {
3366 		if (restarted > 10) {
3367 			exit(retval);
3368 		}
3369 		re_initialize();
3370 		goto restart;
3371 	}
3372 	restarted = 0;
3373 	done_iters = 0;
3374 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3375 
3376 	while (1) {
3377 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
3378 			re_initialize();
3379 			goto restart;
3380 		}
3381 		do_sleep();
3382 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
3383 			goto restart;
3384 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3385 		if (retval < -1) {
3386 			exit(retval);
3387 		} else if (retval == -1) {
3388 			re_initialize();
3389 			goto restart;
3390 		}
3391 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3392 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
3393 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) {
3394 			re_initialize();
3395 			goto restart;
3396 		}
3397 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3398 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3399 		flush_output_stdout();
3400 		if (exit_requested)
3401 			break;
3402 		if (num_iterations && ++done_iters >= num_iterations)
3403 			break;
3404 		do_sleep();
3405 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
3406 			goto restart;
3407 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3408 		if (retval < -1) {
3409 			exit(retval);
3410 		} else if (retval == -1) {
3411 			re_initialize();
3412 			goto restart;
3413 		}
3414 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3415 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
3416 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) {
3417 			re_initialize();
3418 			goto restart;
3419 		}
3420 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
3421 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
3422 		flush_output_stdout();
3423 		if (exit_requested)
3424 			break;
3425 		if (num_iterations && ++done_iters >= num_iterations)
3426 			break;
3427 	}
3428 }
3429 
3430 void check_dev_msr()
3431 {
3432 	struct stat sb;
3433 	char pathname[32];
3434 
3435 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
3436 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
3437  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
3438 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
3439 }
3440 
3441 /*
3442  * check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO
3443  * return 0 on success
3444  * return 1 on fail
3445  */
3446 int check_for_cap_sys_rawio(void)
3447 {
3448 	cap_t caps;
3449 	cap_flag_value_t cap_flag_value;
3450 
3451 	caps = cap_get_proc();
3452 	if (caps == NULL)
3453 		err(-6, "cap_get_proc\n");
3454 
3455 	if (cap_get_flag(caps, CAP_SYS_RAWIO, CAP_EFFECTIVE, &cap_flag_value))
3456 		err(-6, "cap_get\n");
3457 
3458 	if (cap_flag_value != CAP_SET) {
3459 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
3460 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
3461 		return 1;
3462 	}
3463 
3464 	if (cap_free(caps) == -1)
3465 		err(-6, "cap_free\n");
3466 
3467 	return 0;
3468 }
3469 void check_permissions(void)
3470 {
3471 	int do_exit = 0;
3472 	char pathname[32];
3473 
3474 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
3475 	do_exit += check_for_cap_sys_rawio();
3476 
3477 	/* test file permissions */
3478 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
3479 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
3480 		do_exit++;
3481 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
3482 	}
3483 
3484 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
3485 	if (do_exit)
3486 		if (getuid() != 0)
3487 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
3488 
3489 	if (do_exit)
3490 		exit(-6);
3491 }
3492 
3493 /*
3494  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
3495  *
3496  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
3497  *
3498  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
3499  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL     0x000000e2
3500  *
3501  * MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT               0x000001aa
3502  *
3503  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
3504  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
3505  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
3506  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
3507  *
3508  * Side effect:
3509  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL
3510  * sets has_misc_feature_control
3511  */
3512 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3513 {
3514 	unsigned long long msr;
3515 	unsigned int base_ratio;
3516 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
3517 
3518 	if (!genuine_intel)
3519 		return 0;
3520 
3521 	if (family != 6)
3522 		return 0;
3523 
3524 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
3525 
3526 	switch (model) {
3527 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
3528 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
3529 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
3530 		break;
3531 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:	/* SNB */
3532 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:	/* SNB Xeon */
3533 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3534 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3535 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
3536 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3537 		break;
3538 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
3539 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
3540 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3541 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
3542 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
3543 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
3544 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3545 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
3546 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
3547 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
3548 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3549 		break;
3550 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3551 		pkg_cstate_limits = skx_pkg_cstate_limits;
3552 		has_misc_feature_control = 1;
3553 		break;
3554 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
3555 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
3556 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
3557 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
3558 		break;
3559 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT:	/* AMT */
3560 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
3561 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
3562 		break;
3563 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI */
3564 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
3565 		break;
3566 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3567 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
3568 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
3569 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
3570 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D: /* JVL */
3571 		pkg_cstate_limits = glm_pkg_cstate_limits;
3572 		break;
3573 	default:
3574 		return 0;
3575 	}
3576 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
3577 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
3578 
3579 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
3580 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
3581 
3582 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
3583 	has_base_hz = 1;
3584 	return 1;
3585 }
3586 /*
3587  * SLV client has support for unique MSRs:
3588  *
3589  * MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3590  * MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3591  */
3592 
3593 int has_slv_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3594 {
3595 	if (!genuine_intel)
3596 		return 0;
3597 
3598 	switch (model) {
3599 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:
3600 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_MID:
3601 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT_MID:
3602 		return 1;
3603 	}
3604 	return 0;
3605 }
3606 int is_dnv(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3607 {
3608 
3609 	if (!genuine_intel)
3610 		return 0;
3611 
3612 	switch (model) {
3613 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:
3614 		return 1;
3615 	}
3616 	return 0;
3617 }
3618 int is_bdx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3619 {
3620 
3621 	if (!genuine_intel)
3622 		return 0;
3623 
3624 	switch (model) {
3625 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:
3626 		return 1;
3627 	}
3628 	return 0;
3629 }
3630 int is_skx(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3631 {
3632 
3633 	if (!genuine_intel)
3634 		return 0;
3635 
3636 	switch (model) {
3637 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
3638 		return 1;
3639 	}
3640 	return 0;
3641 }
3642 int is_ehl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3643 {
3644 	if (!genuine_intel)
3645 		return 0;
3646 
3647 	switch (model) {
3648 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:
3649 		return 1;
3650 	}
3651 	return 0;
3652 }
3653 int is_jvl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3654 {
3655 	if (!genuine_intel)
3656 		return 0;
3657 
3658 	switch (model) {
3659 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:
3660 		return 1;
3661 	}
3662 	return 0;
3663 }
3664 
3665 int has_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3666 {
3667 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3668 		return 0;
3669 
3670 	switch (model) {
3671 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
3672 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
3673 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
3674 		return 0;
3675 	default:
3676 		return 1;
3677 	}
3678 }
3679 int has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3680 {
3681 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3682 		return 1;
3683 
3684 	return 0;
3685 }
3686 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3687 {
3688 	if (!genuine_intel)
3689 		return 0;
3690 
3691 	if (family != 6)
3692 		return 0;
3693 
3694 	switch (model) {
3695 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3696 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
3697 		return 1;
3698 	default:
3699 		return 0;
3700 	}
3701 }
3702 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3703 {
3704 	if (!genuine_intel)
3705 		return 0;
3706 
3707 	if (family != 6)
3708 		return 0;
3709 
3710 	switch (model) {
3711 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
3712 		return 1;
3713 	default:
3714 		return 0;
3715 	}
3716 }
3717 
3718 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3719 {
3720 	if (!genuine_intel)
3721 		return 0;
3722 
3723 	if (family != 6)
3724 		return 0;
3725 
3726 	switch (model) {
3727 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
3728 		return 1;
3729 	default:
3730 		return 0;
3731 	}
3732 }
3733 int has_glm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3734 {
3735 	if (!genuine_intel)
3736 		return 0;
3737 
3738 	if (family != 6)
3739 		return 0;
3740 
3741 	switch (model) {
3742 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:
3743 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
3744 		return 1;
3745 	default:
3746 		return 0;
3747 	}
3748 }
3749 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3750 {
3751 	if (!genuine_intel)
3752 		return 0;
3753 
3754 	if (family != 6)
3755 		return 0;
3756 
3757 	switch (model) {
3758 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3759 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
3760 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3761 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
3762 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
3763 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
3764 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
3765 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3766 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
3767 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
3768 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3769 
3770 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
3771 		return 1;
3772 	default:
3773 		return 0;
3774 	}
3775 }
3776 
3777 static void
3778 remove_underbar(char *s)
3779 {
3780 	char *to = s;
3781 
3782 	while (*s) {
3783 		if (*s != '_')
3784 			*to++ = *s;
3785 		s++;
3786 	}
3787 
3788 	*to = 0;
3789 }
3790 
3791 static void
3792 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3793 {
3794 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3795 		return;
3796 
3797 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
3798 
3799 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3800 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
3801 
3802 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3803 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
3804 
3805 	if (has_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3806 		dump_turbo_ratio_limits(family, model);
3807 
3808 	if (has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3809 		dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits();
3810 
3811 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
3812 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
3813 
3814 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
3815 		dump_config_tdp();
3816 
3817 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
3818 }
3819 
3820 static void dump_sysfs_file(char *path)
3821 {
3822 	FILE *input;
3823 	char cpuidle_buf[64];
3824 
3825 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3826 	if (input == NULL) {
3827 		if (debug)
3828 			fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3829 		return;
3830 	}
3831 	if (!fgets(cpuidle_buf, sizeof(cpuidle_buf), input))
3832 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3833 	fclose(input);
3834 
3835 	fprintf(outf, "%s: %s", strrchr(path, '/') + 1, cpuidle_buf);
3836 }
3837 static void
3838 dump_sysfs_cstate_config(void)
3839 {
3840 	char path[64];
3841 	char name_buf[16];
3842 	char desc[64];
3843 	FILE *input;
3844 	int state;
3845 	char *sp;
3846 
3847 	if (access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle", R_OK)) {
3848 		fprintf(outf, "cpuidle not loaded\n");
3849 		return;
3850 	}
3851 
3852 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_driver");
3853 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_governor");
3854 	dump_sysfs_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/current_governor_ro");
3855 
3856 	for (state = 0; state < 10; ++state) {
3857 
3858 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
3859 			base_cpu, state);
3860 		input = fopen(path, "r");
3861 		if (input == NULL)
3862 			continue;
3863 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
3864 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3865 
3866 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
3867 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
3868 		if (!sp)
3869 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
3870 		*sp = '\0';
3871 		fclose(input);
3872 
3873 		remove_underbar(name_buf);
3874 
3875 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/desc",
3876 			base_cpu, state);
3877 		input = fopen(path, "r");
3878 		if (input == NULL)
3879 			continue;
3880 		if (!fgets(desc, sizeof(desc), input))
3881 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3882 
3883 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %s", base_cpu, name_buf, desc);
3884 		fclose(input);
3885 	}
3886 }
3887 static void
3888 dump_sysfs_pstate_config(void)
3889 {
3890 	char path[64];
3891 	char driver_buf[64];
3892 	char governor_buf[64];
3893 	FILE *input;
3894 	int turbo;
3895 
3896 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_driver",
3897 			base_cpu);
3898 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3899 	if (input == NULL) {
3900 		fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3901 		return;
3902 	}
3903 	if (!fgets(driver_buf, sizeof(driver_buf), input))
3904 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3905 	fclose(input);
3906 
3907 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpufreq/scaling_governor",
3908 			base_cpu);
3909 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3910 	if (input == NULL) {
3911 		fprintf(outf, "NSFOD %s\n", path);
3912 		return;
3913 	}
3914 	if (!fgets(governor_buf, sizeof(governor_buf), input))
3915 		err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
3916 	fclose(input);
3917 
3918 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq driver: %s", base_cpu, driver_buf);
3919 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: cpufreq governor: %s", base_cpu, governor_buf);
3920 
3921 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/boost");
3922 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3923 	if (input != NULL) {
3924 		if (fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo) != 1)
3925 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
3926 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq boost: %d\n", turbo);
3927 		fclose(input);
3928 	}
3929 
3930 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo");
3931 	input = fopen(path, "r");
3932 	if (input != NULL) {
3933 		if (fscanf(input, "%d", &turbo) != 1)
3934 			err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
3935 		fprintf(outf, "cpufreq intel_pstate no_turbo: %d\n", turbo);
3936 		fclose(input);
3937 	}
3938 }
3939 
3940 
3941 /*
3942  * print_epb()
3943  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
3944  */
3945 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3946 {
3947 	char *epb_string;
3948 	int cpu, epb;
3949 
3950 	if (!has_epb)
3951 		return 0;
3952 
3953 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3954 
3955 	/* EPB is per-package */
3956 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3957 		return 0;
3958 
3959 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3960 		fprintf(outf, "print_epb: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3961 		return -1;
3962 	}
3963 
3964 	epb = get_epb(cpu);
3965 	if (epb < 0)
3966 		return 0;
3967 
3968 	switch (epb) {
3969 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
3970 		epb_string = "performance";
3971 		break;
3972 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
3973 		epb_string = "balanced";
3974 		break;
3975 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
3976 		epb_string = "powersave";
3977 		break;
3978 	default:
3979 		epb_string = "custom";
3980 		break;
3981 	}
3982 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: EPB: %d (%s)\n", cpu, epb, epb_string);
3983 
3984 	return 0;
3985 }
3986 /*
3987  * print_hwp()
3988  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
3989  */
3990 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3991 {
3992 	unsigned long long msr;
3993 	int cpu;
3994 
3995 	if (!has_hwp)
3996 		return 0;
3997 
3998 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3999 
4000 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
4001 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4002 		return 0;
4003 
4004 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4005 		fprintf(outf, "print_hwp: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4006 		return -1;
4007 	}
4008 
4009 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
4010 		return 0;
4011 
4012 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
4013 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
4014 
4015 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
4016 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
4017 		return 0;
4018 
4019 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
4020 		return 0;
4021 
4022 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
4023 			"(high %d guar %d eff %d low %d)\n",
4024 			cpu, msr,
4025 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
4026 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
4027 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
4028 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
4029 
4030 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
4031 		return 0;
4032 
4033 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
4034 			"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
4035 			cpu, msr,
4036 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
4037 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
4038 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
4039 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
4040 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
4041 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
4042 
4043 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
4044 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
4045 			return 0;
4046 
4047 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
4048 			"(min %d max %d des %d epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
4049 			cpu, msr,
4050 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
4051 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
4052 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
4053 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
4054 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
4055 	}
4056 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
4057 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4058 			return 0;
4059 
4060 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
4061 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
4062 			cpu, msr,
4063 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
4064 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
4065 	}
4066 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
4067 		return 0;
4068 
4069 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
4070 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
4071 			cpu, msr,
4072 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
4073 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
4074 
4075 	return 0;
4076 }
4077 
4078 /*
4079  * print_perf_limit()
4080  */
4081 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4082 {
4083 	unsigned long long msr;
4084 	int cpu;
4085 
4086 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4087 
4088 	/* per-package */
4089 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4090 		return 0;
4091 
4092 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4093 		fprintf(outf, "print_perf_limit: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4094 		return -1;
4095 	}
4096 
4097 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
4098 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
4099 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
4100 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
4101 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
4102 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
4103 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
4104 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
4105 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
4106 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
4107 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
4108 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
4109 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4110 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
4111 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4112 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
4113 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4114 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
4115 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
4116 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
4117 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
4118 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
4119 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
4120 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
4121 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
4122 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
4123 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
4124 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4125 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
4126 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4127 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
4128 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4129 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
4130 
4131 	}
4132 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
4133 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
4134 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
4135 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
4136 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4137 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4138 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4139 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4140 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
4141 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
4142 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
4143 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4144 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
4145 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4146 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4147 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
4148 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4149 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
4150 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
4151 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
4152 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4153 	}
4154 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
4155 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
4156 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
4157 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
4158 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4159 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4160 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4161 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
4162 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
4163 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4164 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
4165 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
4166 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
4167 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
4168 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
4169 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
4170 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
4171 	}
4172 	return 0;
4173 }
4174 
4175 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
4176 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
4177 
4178 double get_tdp_intel(unsigned int model)
4179 {
4180 	unsigned long long msr;
4181 
4182 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
4183 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4184 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
4185 
4186 	switch (model) {
4187 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:
4188 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:
4189 		return 30.0;
4190 	default:
4191 		return 135.0;
4192 	}
4193 }
4194 
4195 double get_tdp_amd(unsigned int family)
4196 {
4197 	/* This is the max stock TDP of HEDT/Server Fam17h+ chips */
4198 	return 280.0;
4199 }
4200 
4201 /*
4202  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
4203  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
4204  */
4205 static double
4206 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
4207 {
4208 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
4209 
4210 	switch (model) {
4211 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4212 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4213 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4214 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
4215 	default:
4216 		return (rapl_energy_units);
4217 	}
4218 }
4219 
4220 void rapl_probe_intel(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4221 {
4222 	unsigned long long msr;
4223 	unsigned int time_unit;
4224 	double tdp;
4225 
4226 	if (family != 6)
4227 		return;
4228 
4229 	switch (model) {
4230 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
4231 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:
4232 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
4233 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4234 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
4235 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
4236 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:	/* BDW */
4237 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4238 		if (rapl_joules) {
4239 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4240 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4241 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
4242 		} else {
4243 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4244 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4245 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
4246 		}
4247 		break;
4248 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4249 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4250 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4251 		if (rapl_joules)
4252 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4253 		else
4254 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4255 		break;
4256 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
4257 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4258 		if (rapl_joules) {
4259 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4260 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4261 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4262 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
4263 		} else {
4264 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4265 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4266 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4267 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
4268 		}
4269 		break;
4270 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:	/* JVL */
4271 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4272 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4273 		if (rapl_joules)
4274 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4275 		else
4276 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4277 		break;
4278 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4279 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4280 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4281 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4282 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4283 		if (rapl_joules) {
4284 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4285 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4286 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4287 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
4288 		} else {
4289 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4290 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4291 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4292 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
4293 		}
4294 		break;
4295 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4296 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
4297 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
4298 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4299 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4300 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4301 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4302 		if (rapl_joules) {
4303 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4304 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4305 		} else {
4306 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4307 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4308 		}
4309 		break;
4310 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
4311 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:
4312 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
4313 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4314 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4315 		if (rapl_joules) {
4316 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4317 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4318 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4319 		} else {
4320 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4321 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4322 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4323 		}
4324 		break;
4325 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
4326 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
4327 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
4328 		if (rapl_joules) {
4329 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4330 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4331 		} else {
4332 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4333 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4334 		}
4335 		break;
4336 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
4337 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
4338 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
4339 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
4340 		if (rapl_joules) {
4341 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4342 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4343 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
4344 		} else {
4345 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4346 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4347 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
4348 		}
4349 		break;
4350 	default:
4351 		return;
4352 	}
4353 
4354 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
4355 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
4356 		return;
4357 
4358 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
4359 	if (model == INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT)
4360 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
4361 	else
4362 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
4363 
4364 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
4365 
4366 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
4367 	if (time_unit == 0)
4368 		time_unit = 0xA;
4369 
4370 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
4371 
4372 	tdp = get_tdp_intel(model);
4373 
4374 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
4375 	if (!quiet)
4376 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
4377 }
4378 
4379 void rapl_probe_amd(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4380 {
4381 	unsigned long long msr;
4382 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
4383 	unsigned int has_rapl = 0;
4384 	double tdp;
4385 
4386 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
4387 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
4388 		/* RAPL (Fam 17h+) */
4389 		has_rapl = edx & (1 << 14);
4390 	}
4391 
4392 	if (!has_rapl || family < 0x17)
4393 		return;
4394 
4395 	do_rapl = RAPL_AMD_F17H | RAPL_PER_CORE_ENERGY;
4396 	if (rapl_joules) {
4397 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
4398 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
4399 	} else {
4400 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
4401 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
4402 	}
4403 
4404 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT, &msr))
4405 		return;
4406 
4407 	rapl_time_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr >> 16 & 0xf));
4408 	rapl_energy_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr >> 8 & 0x1f));
4409 	rapl_power_units = ldexp(1.0, -(msr & 0xf));
4410 
4411 	tdp = get_tdp_amd(family);
4412 
4413 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
4414 	if (!quiet)
4415 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
4416 }
4417 
4418 /*
4419  * rapl_probe()
4420  *
4421  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
4422  */
4423 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4424 {
4425 	if (genuine_intel)
4426 		rapl_probe_intel(family, model);
4427 	if (authentic_amd || hygon_genuine)
4428 		rapl_probe_amd(family, model);
4429 }
4430 
4431 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4432 {
4433 	if (!genuine_intel)
4434 		return;
4435 
4436 	if (family != 6)
4437 		return;
4438 
4439 	switch (model) {
4440 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:	/* HSW */
4441 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4442 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:	/* HSW */
4443 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4444 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
4445 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4446 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
4447 	default:
4448 		return;
4449 	}
4450 }
4451 
4452 void automatic_cstate_conversion_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4453 {
4454 	if (is_skx(family, model) || is_bdx(family, model))
4455 		has_automatic_cstate_conversion = 1;
4456 }
4457 
4458 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4459 {
4460 	unsigned long long msr;
4461 	unsigned int dts, dts2;
4462 	int cpu;
4463 
4464 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
4465 		return 0;
4466 
4467 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4468 
4469 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
4470 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
4471 		return 0;
4472 
4473 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4474 		fprintf(outf, "print_thermal: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4475 		return -1;
4476 	}
4477 
4478 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
4479 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
4480 			return 0;
4481 
4482 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4483 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
4484 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
4485 
4486 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4487 			return 0;
4488 
4489 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4490 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
4491 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
4492 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
4493 	}
4494 
4495 
4496 	if (do_dts && debug) {
4497 		unsigned int resolution;
4498 
4499 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
4500 			return 0;
4501 
4502 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4503 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
4504 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
4505 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
4506 
4507 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
4508 			return 0;
4509 
4510 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
4511 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
4512 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
4513 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
4514 	}
4515 
4516 	return 0;
4517 }
4518 
4519 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
4520 {
4521 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
4522 		cpu, label,
4523 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4524 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
4525 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
4526 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
4527 
4528 	return;
4529 }
4530 
4531 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4532 {
4533 	unsigned long long msr;
4534 	const char *msr_name;
4535 	int cpu;
4536 
4537 	if (!do_rapl)
4538 		return 0;
4539 
4540 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
4541 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4542 		return 0;
4543 
4544 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
4545 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
4546 		fprintf(outf, "print_rapl: Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
4547 		return -1;
4548 	}
4549 
4550 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_AMD_F17H) {
4551 		msr_name = "MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT";
4552 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_PWR_UNIT, &msr))
4553 			return -1;
4554 	} else {
4555 		msr_name = "MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT";
4556 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
4557 			return -1;
4558 	}
4559 
4560 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: 0x%08llx (%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr_name, msr,
4561 		rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
4562 
4563 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
4564 
4565 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4566                 	return -5;
4567 
4568 
4569 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
4570 			cpu, msr,
4571 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4572 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4573 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4574 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
4575 
4576 	}
4577 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
4578 
4579 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4580 			return -9;
4581 
4582 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4583 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4584 
4585 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
4586 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
4587 			cpu,
4588 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4589 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
4590 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
4591 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4592 	}
4593 
4594 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
4595 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
4596                 	return -6;
4597 
4598 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
4599 			cpu, msr,
4600 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4601 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4602 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
4603 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
4604 	}
4605 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
4606 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4607 			return -9;
4608 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4609 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4610 
4611 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
4612 	}
4613 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
4614 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
4615 			return -7;
4616 
4617 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
4618 	}
4619 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT) {
4620 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4621 			return -9;
4622 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4623 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4624 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
4625 	}
4626 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
4627 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
4628 			return -8;
4629 
4630 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
4631 
4632 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
4633 			return -9;
4634 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
4635 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "" : "UN");
4636 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
4637 	}
4638 	return 0;
4639 }
4640 
4641 /*
4642  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
4643  *
4644  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
4645  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
4646  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
4647  */
4648 
4649 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4650 {
4651 	if (!genuine_intel)
4652 		return 0;
4653 
4654 	switch (model) {
4655 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
4656 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
4657 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:		/* IVB */
4658 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:		/* IVB Xeon */
4659 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL:		/* HSW */
4660 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:		/* HSW */
4661 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:		/* HSW */
4662 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_G:		/* HSW */
4663 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:		/* BDW */
4664 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_G:		/* BDW */
4665 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:		/* BDX */
4666 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:		/* SKL */
4667 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:		/* CNL */
4668 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:		/* SKX */
4669 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:		/* BXT */
4670 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4671 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
4672 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:		/* EHL */
4673 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_D:		/* JVL */
4674 		return 1;
4675 	}
4676 	return 0;
4677 }
4678 
4679 /*
4680  * HSW ULT added support for C8/C9/C10 MSRs:
4681  *
4682  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
4683  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
4684  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
4685  *
4686  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
4687  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
4688  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
4689  *
4690  */
4691 int has_c8910_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4692 {
4693 	if (!genuine_intel)
4694 		return 0;
4695 
4696 	switch (model) {
4697 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_L:	/* HSW */
4698 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL:	/* BDW */
4699 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4700 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4701 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
4702 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
4703 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT:	/* EHL */
4704 		return 1;
4705 	}
4706 	return 0;
4707 }
4708 
4709 /*
4710  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
4711  *
4712  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
4713  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
4714  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
4715  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
4716  */
4717 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4718 {
4719 	if (!genuine_intel)
4720 		return 0;
4721 
4722 	switch (model) {
4723 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
4724 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L:	/* CNL */
4725 		return 1;
4726 	}
4727 	return 0;
4728 }
4729 
4730 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4731 {
4732 	if (!genuine_intel)
4733 		return 0;
4734 	switch (model) {
4735 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT:	/* BYT */
4736 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT_D:	/* AVN */
4737 		return 1;
4738 	}
4739 	return 0;
4740 }
4741 
4742 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4743 {
4744 	if (!genuine_intel)
4745 		return 0;
4746 	switch (model) {
4747 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
4748 		return 1;
4749 	}
4750 	return 0;
4751 }
4752 
4753 int is_cnl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4754 {
4755 	if (!genuine_intel)
4756 		return 0;
4757 
4758 	switch (model) {
4759 	case INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L: /* CNL */
4760 		return 1;
4761 	}
4762 
4763 	return 0;
4764 }
4765 
4766 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4767 {
4768 	if (is_knl(family, model))
4769 		return 1024;
4770 	return 1;
4771 }
4772 
4773 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
4774 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
4775 
4776 double slm_bclk(void)
4777 {
4778 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
4779 	unsigned int i;
4780 	double freq;
4781 
4782 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
4783 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
4784 
4785 	i = msr & 0xf;
4786 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
4787 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
4788 		i = 3;
4789 	}
4790 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
4791 
4792 	if (!quiet)
4793 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
4794 
4795 	return freq;
4796 }
4797 
4798 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
4799 {
4800 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
4801 		return 100.00;
4802 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
4803 		return slm_bclk();
4804 	else
4805 		return 133.33;
4806 }
4807 
4808 /*
4809  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
4810  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
4811  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
4812  *
4813  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
4814  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
4815  *
4816  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
4817  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
4818  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
4819  */
4820 int read_tcc_activation_temp()
4821 {
4822 	unsigned long long msr;
4823 	unsigned int tcc, target_c, offset_c;
4824 
4825 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
4826 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
4827 		return 0;
4828 
4829 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
4830 		return 0;
4831 
4832 	target_c = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
4833 
4834 	offset_c = (msr >> 24) & 0xF;
4835 
4836 	tcc = target_c - offset_c;
4837 
4838 	if (!quiet)
4839 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C) (%d default - %d offset)\n",
4840 			base_cpu, msr, tcc, target_c, offset_c);
4841 
4842 	return tcc;
4843 }
4844 
4845 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
4846 {
4847 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
4848 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
4849 		return 0;
4850 
4851 	/* this is a per-package concept */
4852 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
4853 		return 0;
4854 
4855 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
4856 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
4857 		fprintf(outf, "Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n", tcc_activation_temp);
4858 		return 0;
4859 	}
4860 
4861 	tcc_activation_temp = read_tcc_activation_temp();
4862 	if (tcc_activation_temp)
4863 		return 0;
4864 
4865 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
4866 	fprintf(outf, "Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n", tcc_activation_temp);
4867 
4868 	return 0;
4869 }
4870 
4871 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
4872 {
4873 	unsigned long long msr;
4874 
4875 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEAT_CTL, &msr))
4876 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
4877 			base_cpu, msr,
4878 			msr & FEAT_CTL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-",
4879 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
4880 }
4881 
4882 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
4883 {
4884 	unsigned long long msr;
4885 
4886 	if (!genuine_intel)
4887 		return;
4888 
4889 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
4890 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sTCC %sEIST %sMWAIT %sPREFETCH %sTURBO)\n",
4891 			base_cpu, msr,
4892 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TM1 ? "" : "No-",
4893 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP ? "" : "No-",
4894 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_MWAIT ? "" : "No-",
4895 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_PREFETCH_DISABLE ? "No-" : "",
4896 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TURBO_DISABLE ? "No-" : "");
4897 }
4898 
4899 void decode_misc_feature_control(void)
4900 {
4901 	unsigned long long msr;
4902 
4903 	if (!has_misc_feature_control)
4904 		return;
4905 
4906 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
4907 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sL2-Prefetch %sL2-Prefetch-pair %sL1-Prefetch %sL1-IP-Prefetch)\n",
4908 			base_cpu, msr,
4909 			msr & (0 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
4910 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
4911 			msr & (2 << 0) ? "No-" : "",
4912 			msr & (3 << 0) ? "No-" : "");
4913 }
4914 /*
4915  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
4916  *
4917  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
4918  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
4919  * bit[1] less so...
4920  */
4921 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
4922 {
4923 	unsigned long long msr;
4924 
4925 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
4926 		return;
4927 
4928 	if (no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT)
4929 		return;
4930 
4931 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
4932 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB %sable-OOB)\n",
4933 			base_cpu, msr,
4934 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
4935 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
4936 			msr & (1 << 8) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4937 }
4938 /*
4939  * Decode MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
4940  *
4941  * This MSRs are present on Silvermont processors,
4942  * Intel Atom processor E3000 series (Baytrail), and friends.
4943  */
4944 void decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr(void)
4945 {
4946 	unsigned long long msr;
4947 
4948 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
4949 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-CC6-Demotion)\n",
4950 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4951 
4952 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
4953 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-MC6-Demotion)\n",
4954 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
4955 }
4956 
4957 /*
4958  * When models are the same, for the purpose of turbostat, reuse
4959  */
4960 unsigned int intel_model_duplicates(unsigned int model)
4961 {
4962 
4963 	switch(model) {
4964 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EP:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
4965 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
4966 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
4967 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
4968 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EP:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
4969 		return INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM;
4970 
4971 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
4972 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
4973 		return INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX;
4974 
4975 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
4976 		return INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL;
4977 
4978 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:
4979 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_D:	/* BDX-DE */
4980 		return INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X;
4981 
4982 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:
4983 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE:
4984 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_L:
4985 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE:
4986 	case INTEL_FAM6_COMETLAKE_L:
4987 	case INTEL_FAM6_COMETLAKE:
4988 		return INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L;
4989 
4990 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_L:
4991 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_NNPI:
4992 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE_L:
4993 	case INTEL_FAM6_TIGERLAKE:
4994 	case INTEL_FAM6_ROCKETLAKE:
4995 	case INTEL_FAM6_LAKEFIELD:
4996 	case INTEL_FAM6_ALDERLAKE:
4997 		return INTEL_FAM6_CANNONLAKE_L;
4998 
4999 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT_L:
5000 		return INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_TREMONT;
5001 
5002 	case INTEL_FAM6_ICELAKE_X:
5003 	case INTEL_FAM6_SAPPHIRERAPIDS_X:
5004 		return INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X;
5005 	}
5006 	return model;
5007 }
5008 
5009 void print_dev_latency(void)
5010 {
5011 	char *path = "/dev/cpu_dma_latency";
5012 	int fd;
5013 	int value;
5014 	int retval;
5015 
5016 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
5017 	if (fd < 0) {
5018 		warn("fopen %s\n", path);
5019 		return;
5020 	}
5021 
5022 	retval = read(fd, (void *)&value, sizeof(int));
5023 	if (retval != sizeof(int)) {
5024 		warn("read %s\n", path);
5025 		close(fd);
5026 		return;
5027 	}
5028 	fprintf(outf, "/dev/cpu_dma_latency: %d usec (%s)\n",
5029 		value, value == 2000000000 ? "default" : "constrained");
5030 
5031 	close(fd);
5032 }
5033 
5034 void process_cpuid()
5035 {
5036 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
5037 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping, ecx_flags, edx_flags;
5038 	unsigned int has_turbo;
5039 
5040 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
5041 
5042 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
5043 
5044 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && ecx == 0x6c65746e && edx == 0x49656e69)
5045 		genuine_intel = 1;
5046 	else if (ebx == 0x68747541 && ecx == 0x444d4163 && edx == 0x69746e65)
5047 		authentic_amd = 1;
5048 	else if (ebx == 0x6f677948 && ecx == 0x656e6975 && edx == 0x6e65476e)
5049 		hygon_genuine = 1;
5050 
5051 	if (!quiet)
5052 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
5053 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
5054 
5055 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
5056 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
5057 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
5058 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
5059 	if (family == 0xf)
5060 		family += (fms >> 20) & 0xff;
5061 	if (family >= 6)
5062 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
5063 	ecx_flags = ecx;
5064 	edx_flags = edx;
5065 
5066 	/*
5067 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
5068 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
5069 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
5070 	 */
5071 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
5072 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
5073 
5074 	if (!quiet) {
5075 		fprintf(outf, "0x%x CPUID levels; 0x%x xlevels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
5076 			max_level, max_extended_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
5077 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
5078 			ecx_flags & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
5079 			ecx_flags & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
5080 			ecx_flags & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
5081 			ecx_flags & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
5082 			ecx_flags & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
5083 			edx_flags & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
5084 			edx_flags & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
5085 			edx_flags & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
5086 			edx_flags & (1 << 28) ? "HT" : "-",
5087 			edx_flags & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
5088 	}
5089 	if (genuine_intel)
5090 		model = intel_model_duplicates(model);
5091 
5092 	if (!(edx_flags & (1 << 5)))
5093 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
5094 
5095 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
5096 
5097 		/*
5098 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
5099 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
5100 		 */
5101 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
5102 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
5103 	}
5104 
5105 	/*
5106 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
5107 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
5108 	 */
5109 
5110 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
5111 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
5112 	if (has_aperf) {
5113 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Avg_MHz);
5114 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Busy);
5115 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Bzy_MHz);
5116 	}
5117 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
5118 	if (do_dts)
5119 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CoreTmp);
5120 	has_turbo = eax & (1 << 1);
5121 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
5122 	if (do_ptm)
5123 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgTmp);
5124 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
5125 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
5126 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
5127 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
5128 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
5129 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
5130 
5131 	if (!quiet)
5132 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sTURBO, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
5133 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
5134 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
5135 			has_turbo ? "" : "No-",
5136 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
5137 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
5138 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
5139 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
5140 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
5141 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
5142 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
5143 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
5144 
5145 	if (!quiet)
5146 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
5147 
5148 
5149 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && !quiet) {
5150 		int has_sgx;
5151 
5152 		ecx = 0;
5153 
5154 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
5155 
5156 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
5157 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
5158 
5159 		if (has_sgx)
5160 			decode_feature_control_msr();
5161 	}
5162 
5163 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
5164 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
5165 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
5166 
5167 		/*
5168 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
5169 		 */
5170 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
5171 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
5172 
5173 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
5174 
5175 			if (!quiet && (ebx != 0))
5176 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
5177 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
5178 
5179 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
5180 				switch(model) {
5181 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_L:	/* SKL */
5182 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
5183 					break;
5184 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_D:	/* DNV */
5185 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
5186 					break;
5187 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
5188 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT_PLUS:
5189 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
5190 					break;
5191 				default:
5192 					crystal_hz = 0;
5193 			}
5194 
5195 			if (crystal_hz) {
5196 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
5197 				if (!quiet)
5198 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
5199 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
5200 			}
5201 		}
5202 	}
5203 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
5204 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
5205 
5206 		/*
5207 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
5208 		 */
5209 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
5210 
5211 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
5212 		if (!quiet)
5213 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
5214 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
5215 	}
5216 
5217 	if (has_aperf)
5218 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
5219 
5220 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IRQ);
5221 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_TSC_MHz);
5222 
5223 	if (probe_nhm_msrs(family, model)) {
5224 		do_nhm_platform_info = 1;
5225 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
5226 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5227 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c6);
5228 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SMI);
5229 	}
5230 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
5231 
5232 	if (do_snb_cstates)
5233 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5234 
5235 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
5236 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2))
5237 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
5238 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3)
5239 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5240 	if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6)
5241 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
5242 	if (do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7))
5243 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5244 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model)) {
5245 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
5246 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5247 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
5248 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5249 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Mod_c6);
5250 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
5251 	}
5252 	if (is_jvl(family, model)) {
5253 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5254 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5255 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc2);
5256 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5257 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc6);
5258 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5259 	}
5260 	if (is_dnv(family, model)) {
5261 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
5262 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5263 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5264 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5265 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5266 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
5267 	}
5268 	if (is_skx(family, model)) {
5269 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5270 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc3);
5271 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5272 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5273 	}
5274 	if (is_bdx(family, model)) {
5275 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
5276 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc7);
5277 	}
5278 	if (has_c8910_msrs(family, model)) {
5279 		if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__8)
5280 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc8);
5281 		if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__9)
5282 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc9);
5283 		if (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL_10)
5284 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkgpc10);
5285 	}
5286 	do_irtl_hsw = has_c8910_msrs(family, model);
5287 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model)) {
5288 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Totl_c0);
5289 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Any_c0);
5290 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_c0);
5291 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPUGFX);
5292 	}
5293 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
5294 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
5295 
5296 	if (do_slm_cstates || do_knl_cstates || is_cnl(family, model) ||
5297 	    is_ehl(family, model))
5298 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
5299 
5300 	if (!quiet)
5301 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
5302 
5303 	if (!quiet && has_slv_msrs(family, model))
5304 		decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr();
5305 
5306 	rapl_probe(family, model);
5307 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
5308 	automatic_cstate_conversion_probe(family, model);
5309 
5310 	if (!quiet)
5311 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
5312 
5313 	if (!quiet)
5314 		print_dev_latency();
5315 	if (!quiet)
5316 		dump_sysfs_cstate_config();
5317 	if (!quiet)
5318 		dump_sysfs_pstate_config();
5319 
5320 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
5321 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
5322 
5323 	if (!access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK))
5324 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_rc6);
5325 
5326 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK))
5327 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXMHz);
5328 
5329 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_act_freq_mhz", R_OK))
5330 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXACTMHz);
5331 
5332 	if (!access("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/low_power_idle_cpu_residency_us", R_OK))
5333 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
5334 	else
5335 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_LPI);
5336 
5337 	if (!access(sys_lpi_file_sysfs, R_OK)) {
5338 		sys_lpi_file = sys_lpi_file_sysfs;
5339 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5340 	} else if (!access(sys_lpi_file_debugfs, R_OK)) {
5341 		sys_lpi_file = sys_lpi_file_debugfs;
5342 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5343 	} else {
5344 		sys_lpi_file_sysfs = NULL;
5345 		BIC_NOT_PRESENT(BIC_SYS_LPI);
5346 	}
5347 
5348 	if (!quiet)
5349 		decode_misc_feature_control();
5350 
5351 	return;
5352 }
5353 
5354 /*
5355  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
5356  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
5357  */
5358 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
5359 {
5360 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
5361 		return 1;
5362 	else
5363 		return 0;
5364 }
5365 
5366 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
5367 {
5368 	return 0;
5369 }
5370 
5371 void topology_probe()
5372 {
5373 	int i;
5374 	int max_core_id = 0;
5375 	int max_package_id = 0;
5376 	int max_die_id = 0;
5377 	int max_siblings = 0;
5378 
5379 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
5380 	set_max_cpu_num();
5381 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
5382 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
5383 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
5384 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU);
5385 
5386 	if (debug > 1)
5387 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
5388 
5389 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
5390 	if (cpus == NULL)
5391 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
5392 
5393 	/*
5394 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
5395 	 */
5396 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5397 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
5398 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
5399 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5400 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
5401 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
5402 
5403 	/*
5404 	 * Validate that all cpus in cpu_subset are also in cpu_present_set
5405 	 */
5406 	for (i = 0; i < CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS; ++i) {
5407 		if (CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset))
5408 			if (!CPU_ISSET_S(i, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set))
5409 				err(1, "cpu%d not present", i);
5410 	}
5411 
5412 	/*
5413 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
5414 	 */
5415 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5416 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
5417 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
5418 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
5419 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
5420 
5421 	for_all_proc_cpus(init_thread_id);
5422 
5423 	/*
5424 	 * For online cpus
5425 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
5426 	 */
5427 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
5428 		int siblings;
5429 
5430 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
5431 			if (debug > 1)
5432 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
5433 			continue;
5434 		}
5435 
5436 		cpus[i].logical_cpu_id = i;
5437 
5438 		/* get package information */
5439 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
5440 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
5441 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
5442 
5443 		/* get die information */
5444 		cpus[i].die_id = get_die_id(i);
5445 		if (cpus[i].die_id > max_die_id)
5446 			max_die_id = cpus[i].die_id;
5447 
5448 		/* get numa node information */
5449 		cpus[i].physical_node_id = get_physical_node_id(&cpus[i]);
5450 		if (cpus[i].physical_node_id > topo.max_node_num)
5451 			topo.max_node_num = cpus[i].physical_node_id;
5452 
5453 		/* get core information */
5454 		cpus[i].physical_core_id = get_core_id(i);
5455 		if (cpus[i].physical_core_id > max_core_id)
5456 			max_core_id = cpus[i].physical_core_id;
5457 
5458 		/* get thread information */
5459 		siblings = get_thread_siblings(&cpus[i]);
5460 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
5461 			max_siblings = siblings;
5462 		if (cpus[i].thread_id == 0)
5463 			topo.num_cores++;
5464 	}
5465 
5466 	topo.cores_per_node = max_core_id + 1;
5467 	if (debug > 1)
5468 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
5469 			max_core_id, topo.cores_per_node);
5470 	if (!summary_only && topo.cores_per_node > 1)
5471 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Core);
5472 
5473 	topo.num_die = max_die_id + 1;
5474 	if (debug > 1)
5475 		fprintf(outf, "max_die_id %d, sizing for %d die\n",
5476 				max_die_id, topo.num_die);
5477 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_die > 1)
5478 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Die);
5479 
5480 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
5481 	if (debug > 1)
5482 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
5483 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
5484 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
5485 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Package);
5486 
5487 	set_node_data();
5488 	if (debug > 1)
5489 		fprintf(outf, "nodes_per_pkg %d\n", topo.nodes_per_pkg);
5490 	if (!summary_only && topo.nodes_per_pkg > 1)
5491 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Node);
5492 
5493 	topo.threads_per_core = max_siblings;
5494 	if (debug > 1)
5495 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
5496 
5497 	if (debug < 1)
5498 		return;
5499 
5500 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
5501 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i))
5502 			continue;
5503 		fprintf(outf,
5504 			"cpu %d pkg %d die %d node %d lnode %d core %d thread %d\n",
5505 			i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].die_id,
5506 			cpus[i].physical_node_id,
5507 			cpus[i].logical_node_id,
5508 			cpus[i].physical_core_id,
5509 			cpus[i].thread_id);
5510 	}
5511 
5512 }
5513 
5514 void
5515 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c,
5516 		  struct pkg_data **p)
5517 {
5518 	int i;
5519 	int num_cores = topo.cores_per_node * topo.nodes_per_pkg *
5520 			topo.num_packages;
5521 	int num_threads = topo.threads_per_core * num_cores;
5522 
5523 	*t = calloc(num_threads, sizeof(struct thread_data));
5524 	if (*t == NULL)
5525 		goto error;
5526 
5527 	for (i = 0; i < num_threads; i++)
5528 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
5529 
5530 	*c = calloc(num_cores, sizeof(struct core_data));
5531 	if (*c == NULL)
5532 		goto error;
5533 
5534 	for (i = 0; i < num_cores; i++)
5535 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
5536 
5537 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
5538 	if (*p == NULL)
5539 		goto error;
5540 
5541 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
5542 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
5543 
5544 	return;
5545 error:
5546 	err(1, "calloc counters");
5547 }
5548 /*
5549  * init_counter()
5550  *
5551  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
5552  */
5553 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
5554 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int cpu_id)
5555 {
5556 	int pkg_id = cpus[cpu_id].physical_package_id;
5557 	int node_id = cpus[cpu_id].logical_node_id;
5558 	int core_id = cpus[cpu_id].physical_core_id;
5559 	int thread_id = cpus[cpu_id].thread_id;
5560 	struct thread_data *t;
5561 	struct core_data *c;
5562 	struct pkg_data *p;
5563 
5564 
5565 	/* Workaround for systems where physical_node_id==-1
5566 	 * and logical_node_id==(-1 - topo.num_cpus)
5567 	 */
5568 	if (node_id < 0)
5569 		node_id = 0;
5570 
5571 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_id, core_id, node_id, pkg_id);
5572 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_id, node_id, pkg_id);
5573 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_id);
5574 
5575 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
5576 	if (thread_id == 0) {
5577 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
5578 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
5579 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
5580 	}
5581 
5582 	c->core_id = core_id;
5583 	p->package_id = pkg_id;
5584 }
5585 
5586 
5587 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
5588 {
5589 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
5590 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
5591 	return 0;
5592 }
5593 
5594 void allocate_output_buffer()
5595 {
5596 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 2048);
5597 	outp = output_buffer;
5598 	if (outp == NULL)
5599 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
5600 }
5601 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
5602 {
5603 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
5604 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
5605 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
5606 }
5607 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
5608 {
5609 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
5610 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
5611 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
5612 
5613 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
5614 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
5615 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num + 1);
5616 }
5617 void setup_all_buffers(void)
5618 {
5619 	topology_probe();
5620 	allocate_irq_buffers();
5621 	allocate_fd_percpu();
5622 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
5623 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
5624 	allocate_output_buffer();
5625 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
5626 }
5627 
5628 void set_base_cpu(void)
5629 {
5630 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
5631 	if (base_cpu < 0)
5632 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
5633 
5634 	if (debug > 1)
5635 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
5636 }
5637 
5638 void turbostat_init()
5639 {
5640 	setup_all_buffers();
5641 	set_base_cpu();
5642 	check_dev_msr();
5643 	check_permissions();
5644 	process_cpuid();
5645 
5646 
5647 	if (!quiet)
5648 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
5649 
5650 	if (!quiet)
5651 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
5652 
5653 	if (!quiet)
5654 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
5655 
5656 	if (!quiet)
5657 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
5658 
5659 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
5660 
5661 	if (!quiet)
5662 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
5663 
5664 	if (!quiet && do_irtl_snb)
5665 		print_irtl();
5666 }
5667 
5668 int fork_it(char **argv)
5669 {
5670 	pid_t child_pid;
5671 	int status;
5672 
5673 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
5674 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
5675 	first_counter_read = 0;
5676 	if (status)
5677 		exit(status);
5678 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
5679 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
5680 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
5681 
5682 	child_pid = fork();
5683 	if (!child_pid) {
5684 		/* child */
5685 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
5686 		err(errno, "exec %s", argv[0]);
5687 	} else {
5688 
5689 		/* parent */
5690 		if (child_pid == -1)
5691 			err(1, "fork");
5692 
5693 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
5694 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
5695 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
5696 			err(status, "waitpid");
5697 
5698 		if (WIFEXITED(status))
5699 			status = WEXITSTATUS(status);
5700 	}
5701 	/*
5702 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
5703 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
5704 	 */
5705 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
5706 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
5707 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
5708 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
5709 	if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS))
5710 		fprintf(outf, "%s: Counter reset detected\n", progname);
5711 	else {
5712 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
5713 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
5714 	}
5715 
5716 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
5717 
5718 	flush_output_stderr();
5719 
5720 	return status;
5721 }
5722 
5723 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
5724 {
5725 	int status;
5726 
5727 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
5728 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
5729 	if (status)
5730 		return status;
5731 
5732 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
5733 	if (status)
5734 		return status;
5735 
5736 	flush_output_stdout();
5737 
5738 	return status;
5739 }
5740 
5741 void print_version() {
5742 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 20.09.30"
5743 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
5744 }
5745 
5746 int add_counter(unsigned int msr_num, char *path, char *name,
5747 	unsigned int width, enum counter_scope scope,
5748 	enum counter_type type, enum counter_format format, int flags)
5749 {
5750 	struct msr_counter *msrp;
5751 
5752 	msrp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct msr_counter));
5753 	if (msrp == NULL) {
5754 		perror("calloc");
5755 		exit(1);
5756 	}
5757 
5758 	msrp->msr_num = msr_num;
5759 	strncpy(msrp->name, name, NAME_BYTES - 1);
5760 	if (path)
5761 		strncpy(msrp->path, path, PATH_BYTES - 1);
5762 	msrp->width = width;
5763 	msrp->type = type;
5764 	msrp->format = format;
5765 	msrp->flags = flags;
5766 
5767 	switch (scope) {
5768 
5769 	case SCOPE_CPU:
5770 		msrp->next = sys.tp;
5771 		sys.tp = msrp;
5772 		sys.added_thread_counters++;
5773 		if (sys.added_thread_counters > MAX_ADDED_THREAD_COUNTERS) {
5774 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added thread counters\n",
5775 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
5776 			exit(-1);
5777 		}
5778 		break;
5779 
5780 	case SCOPE_CORE:
5781 		msrp->next = sys.cp;
5782 		sys.cp = msrp;
5783 		sys.added_core_counters++;
5784 		if (sys.added_core_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
5785 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added core counters\n",
5786 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
5787 			exit(-1);
5788 		}
5789 		break;
5790 
5791 	case SCOPE_PACKAGE:
5792 		msrp->next = sys.pp;
5793 		sys.pp = msrp;
5794 		sys.added_package_counters++;
5795 		if (sys.added_package_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
5796 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added package counters\n",
5797 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
5798 			exit(-1);
5799 		}
5800 		break;
5801 	}
5802 
5803 	return 0;
5804 }
5805 
5806 void parse_add_command(char *add_command)
5807 {
5808 	int msr_num = 0;
5809 	char *path = NULL;
5810 	char name_buffer[NAME_BYTES] = "";
5811 	int width = 64;
5812 	int fail = 0;
5813 	enum counter_scope scope = SCOPE_CPU;
5814 	enum counter_type type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
5815 	enum counter_format format = FORMAT_DELTA;
5816 
5817 	while (add_command) {
5818 
5819 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr0x%x", &msr_num) == 1)
5820 			goto next;
5821 
5822 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr%d", &msr_num) == 1)
5823 			goto next;
5824 
5825 		if (*add_command == '/') {
5826 			path = add_command;
5827 			goto next;
5828 		}
5829 
5830 		if (sscanf(add_command, "u%d", &width) == 1) {
5831 			if ((width == 32) || (width == 64))
5832 				goto next;
5833 			width = 64;
5834 		}
5835 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cpu", strlen("cpu"))) {
5836 			scope = SCOPE_CPU;
5837 			goto next;
5838 		}
5839 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "core", strlen("core"))) {
5840 			scope = SCOPE_CORE;
5841 			goto next;
5842 		}
5843 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "package", strlen("package"))) {
5844 			scope = SCOPE_PACKAGE;
5845 			goto next;
5846 		}
5847 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cycles", strlen("cycles"))) {
5848 			type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
5849 			goto next;
5850 		}
5851 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "seconds", strlen("seconds"))) {
5852 			type = COUNTER_SECONDS;
5853 			goto next;
5854 		}
5855 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "usec", strlen("usec"))) {
5856 			type = COUNTER_USEC;
5857 			goto next;
5858 		}
5859 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "raw", strlen("raw"))) {
5860 			format = FORMAT_RAW;
5861 			goto next;
5862 		}
5863 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "delta", strlen("delta"))) {
5864 			format = FORMAT_DELTA;
5865 			goto next;
5866 		}
5867 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "percent", strlen("percent"))) {
5868 			format = FORMAT_PERCENT;
5869 			goto next;
5870 		}
5871 
5872 		if (sscanf(add_command, "%18s,%*s", name_buffer) == 1) {	/* 18 < NAME_BYTES */
5873 			char *eos;
5874 
5875 			eos = strchr(name_buffer, ',');
5876 			if (eos)
5877 				*eos = '\0';
5878 			goto next;
5879 		}
5880 
5881 next:
5882 		add_command = strchr(add_command, ',');
5883 		if (add_command) {
5884 			*add_command = '\0';
5885 			add_command++;
5886 		}
5887 
5888 	}
5889 	if ((msr_num == 0) && (path == NULL)) {
5890 		fprintf(stderr, "--add: (msrDDD | msr0xXXX | /path_to_counter ) required\n");
5891 		fail++;
5892 	}
5893 
5894 	/* generate default column header */
5895 	if (*name_buffer == '\0') {
5896 		if (width == 32)
5897 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0x%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
5898 		else
5899 			sprintf(name_buffer, "M0X%x%s", msr_num, format == FORMAT_PERCENT ? "%" : "");
5900 	}
5901 
5902 	if (add_counter(msr_num, path, name_buffer, width, scope, type, format, 0))
5903 		fail++;
5904 
5905 	if (fail) {
5906 		help();
5907 		exit(1);
5908 	}
5909 }
5910 
5911 int is_deferred_skip(char *name)
5912 {
5913 	int i;
5914 
5915 	for (i = 0; i < deferred_skip_index; ++i)
5916 		if (!strcmp(name, deferred_skip_names[i]))
5917 			return 1;
5918 	return 0;
5919 }
5920 
5921 void probe_sysfs(void)
5922 {
5923 	char path[64];
5924 	char name_buf[16];
5925 	FILE *input;
5926 	int state;
5927 	char *sp;
5928 
5929 	if (!DO_BIC(BIC_sysfs))
5930 		return;
5931 
5932 	for (state = 10; state >= 0; --state) {
5933 
5934 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
5935 			base_cpu, state);
5936 		input = fopen(path, "r");
5937 		if (input == NULL)
5938 			continue;
5939 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
5940 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
5941 
5942 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
5943 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
5944 		if (!sp)
5945 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
5946 		*sp = '%';
5947 		*(sp + 1) = '\0';
5948 
5949 		remove_underbar(name_buf);
5950 
5951 		fclose(input);
5952 
5953 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/time", state);
5954 
5955 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
5956 			continue;
5957 
5958 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_USEC,
5959 				FORMAT_PERCENT, SYSFS_PERCPU);
5960 	}
5961 
5962 	for (state = 10; state >= 0; --state) {
5963 
5964 		sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/cpuidle/state%d/name",
5965 			base_cpu, state);
5966 		input = fopen(path, "r");
5967 		if (input == NULL)
5968 			continue;
5969 		if (!fgets(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), input))
5970 			err(1, "%s: failed to read file", path);
5971 		 /* truncate "C1-HSW\n" to "C1", or truncate "C1\n" to "C1" */
5972 		sp = strchr(name_buf, '-');
5973 		if (!sp)
5974 			sp = strchrnul(name_buf, '\n');
5975 		*sp = '\0';
5976 		fclose(input);
5977 
5978 		remove_underbar(name_buf);
5979 
5980 		sprintf(path, "cpuidle/state%d/usage", state);
5981 
5982 		if (is_deferred_skip(name_buf))
5983 			continue;
5984 
5985 		add_counter(0, path, name_buf, 64, SCOPE_CPU, COUNTER_ITEMS,
5986 				FORMAT_DELTA, SYSFS_PERCPU);
5987 	}
5988 
5989 }
5990 
5991 
5992 /*
5993  * parse cpuset with following syntax
5994  * 1,2,4..6,8-10 and set bits in cpu_subset
5995  */
5996 void parse_cpu_command(char *optarg)
5997 {
5998 	unsigned int start, end;
5999 	char *next;
6000 
6001 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "core")) {
6002 		if (cpu_subset)
6003 			goto error;
6004 		show_core_only++;
6005 		return;
6006 	}
6007 	if (!strcmp(optarg, "package")) {
6008 		if (cpu_subset)
6009 			goto error;
6010 		show_pkg_only++;
6011 		return;
6012 	}
6013 	if (show_core_only || show_pkg_only)
6014 		goto error;
6015 
6016 	cpu_subset = CPU_ALLOC(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
6017 	if (cpu_subset == NULL)
6018 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
6019 	cpu_subset_size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS);
6020 
6021 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
6022 
6023 	next = optarg;
6024 
6025 	while (next && *next) {
6026 
6027 		if (*next == '-')	/* no negative cpu numbers */
6028 			goto error;
6029 
6030 		start = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
6031 
6032 		if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
6033 			goto error;
6034 		CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
6035 
6036 		if (*next == '\0')
6037 			break;
6038 
6039 		if (*next == ',') {
6040 			next += 1;
6041 			continue;
6042 		}
6043 
6044 		if (*next == '-') {
6045 			next += 1;	/* start range */
6046 		} else if (*next == '.') {
6047 			next += 1;
6048 			if (*next == '.')
6049 				next += 1;	/* start range */
6050 			else
6051 				goto error;
6052 		}
6053 
6054 		end = strtoul(next, &next, 10);
6055 		if (end <= start)
6056 			goto error;
6057 
6058 		while (++start <= end) {
6059 			if (start >= CPU_SUBSET_MAXCPUS)
6060 				goto error;
6061 			CPU_SET_S(start, cpu_subset_size, cpu_subset);
6062 		}
6063 
6064 		if (*next == ',')
6065 			next += 1;
6066 		else if (*next != '\0')
6067 			goto error;
6068 	}
6069 
6070 	return;
6071 
6072 error:
6073 	fprintf(stderr, "\"--cpu %s\" malformed\n", optarg);
6074 	help();
6075 	exit(-1);
6076 }
6077 
6078 
6079 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
6080 {
6081 	int opt;
6082 	int option_index = 0;
6083 	static struct option long_options[] = {
6084 		{"add",		required_argument,	0, 'a'},
6085 		{"cpu",		required_argument,	0, 'c'},
6086 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
6087 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},	/* internal, not documented */
6088 		{"enable",	required_argument,	0, 'e'},
6089 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
6090 		{"num_iterations",	required_argument,	0, 'n'},
6091 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
6092 		{"hide",	required_argument,	0, 'H'},	// meh, -h taken by --help
6093 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
6094 		{"list",	no_argument,		0, 'l'},
6095 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
6096 		{"quiet",	no_argument,		0, 'q'},
6097 		{"show",	required_argument,	0, 's'},
6098 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
6099 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
6100 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
6101 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
6102 	};
6103 
6104 	progname = argv[0];
6105 
6106 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Dde:hi:Jn:o:qST:v",
6107 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
6108 		switch (opt) {
6109 		case 'a':
6110 			parse_add_command(optarg);
6111 			break;
6112 		case 'c':
6113 			parse_cpu_command(optarg);
6114 			break;
6115 		case 'D':
6116 			dump_only++;
6117 			break;
6118 		case 'e':
6119 			/* --enable specified counter */
6120 			bic_enabled = bic_enabled | bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
6121 			break;
6122 		case 'd':
6123 			debug++;
6124 			ENABLE_BIC(BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
6125 			break;
6126 		case 'H':
6127 			/*
6128 			 * --hide: do not show those specified
6129 			 *  multiple invocations simply clear more bits in enabled mask
6130 			 */
6131 			bic_enabled &= ~bic_lookup(optarg, HIDE_LIST);
6132 			break;
6133 		case 'h':
6134 		default:
6135 			help();
6136 			exit(1);
6137 		case 'i':
6138 			{
6139 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
6140 
6141 				if (interval < 0.001) {
6142 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
6143 						interval);
6144 					exit(2);
6145 				}
6146 
6147 				interval_tv.tv_sec = interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
6148 				interval_tv.tv_usec = (interval - interval_tv.tv_sec) * 1000000;
6149 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
6150 			}
6151 			break;
6152 		case 'J':
6153 			rapl_joules++;
6154 			break;
6155 		case 'l':
6156 			ENABLE_BIC(BIC_DISABLED_BY_DEFAULT);
6157 			list_header_only++;
6158 			quiet++;
6159 			break;
6160 		case 'o':
6161 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
6162 			break;
6163 		case 'q':
6164 			quiet = 1;
6165 			break;
6166 		case 'n':
6167 			num_iterations = strtod(optarg, NULL);
6168 
6169 			if (num_iterations <= 0) {
6170 				fprintf(outf, "iterations %d should be positive number\n",
6171 					num_iterations);
6172 				exit(2);
6173 			}
6174 			break;
6175 		case 's':
6176 			/*
6177 			 * --show: show only those specified
6178 			 *  The 1st invocation will clear and replace the enabled mask
6179 			 *  subsequent invocations can add to it.
6180 			 */
6181 			if (shown == 0)
6182 				bic_enabled = bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
6183 			else
6184 				bic_enabled |= bic_lookup(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
6185 			shown = 1;
6186 			break;
6187 		case 'S':
6188 			summary_only++;
6189 			break;
6190 		case 'T':
6191 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
6192 			break;
6193 		case 'v':
6194 			print_version();
6195 			exit(0);
6196 			break;
6197 		}
6198 	}
6199 }
6200 
6201 int main(int argc, char **argv)
6202 {
6203 	outf = stderr;
6204 	cmdline(argc, argv);
6205 
6206 	if (!quiet)
6207 		print_version();
6208 
6209 	probe_sysfs();
6210 
6211 	turbostat_init();
6212 
6213 	/* dump counters and exit */
6214 	if (dump_only)
6215 		return get_and_dump_counters();
6216 
6217 	/* list header and exit */
6218 	if (list_header_only) {
6219 		print_header(",");
6220 		flush_output_stdout();
6221 		return 0;
6222 	}
6223 
6224 	msr_sum_record();
6225 	/*
6226 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
6227 	 */
6228 	if (argc - optind)
6229 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
6230 	else
6231 		turbostat_loop();
6232 
6233 	return 0;
6234 }
6235