1 /*
2  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
3  * on modern Intel turbo-capable processors.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
6  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
10  * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
15  * more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
18  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
19  * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20  */
21 
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #include MSRHEADER
24 #include INTEL_FAMILY_HEADER
25 #include <stdarg.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <err.h>
28 #include <unistd.h>
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <sys/wait.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32 #include <sys/resource.h>
33 #include <fcntl.h>
34 #include <signal.h>
35 #include <sys/time.h>
36 #include <stdlib.h>
37 #include <getopt.h>
38 #include <dirent.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 #include <ctype.h>
41 #include <sched.h>
42 #include <time.h>
43 #include <cpuid.h>
44 #include <linux/capability.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 
47 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
48 FILE *outf;
49 int *fd_percpu;
50 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
51 unsigned int debug;
52 unsigned int rapl_joules;
53 unsigned int summary_only;
54 unsigned int dump_only;
55 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
56 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
57 unsigned int do_pc2;
58 unsigned int do_pc3;
59 unsigned int do_pc6;
60 unsigned int do_pc7;
61 unsigned int do_c8_c9_c10;
62 unsigned int do_skl_residency;
63 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
64 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
65 unsigned int has_aperf;
66 unsigned int has_epb;
67 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
68 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
69 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
70 unsigned int genuine_intel;
71 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
72 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
73 unsigned int no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT;
74 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
75 double bclk;
76 double base_hz;
77 unsigned int has_base_hz;
78 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
79 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
80 unsigned int show_core_only;
81 char *output_buffer, *outp;
82 unsigned int do_rapl;
83 unsigned int do_dts;
84 unsigned int do_ptm;
85 unsigned long long  gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
86 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
87 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
88 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
89 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
90 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
91 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
92 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
93 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
94 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
95 unsigned int crystal_hz;
96 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
97 int base_cpu;
98 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
99 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
100 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
101 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
102 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
103 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
104 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
105 
106 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
107 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
108 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
109 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
110 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
111 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
112 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
113 
114 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
115 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
116 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
117 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
118 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
119 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
120 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
121 
122 #define RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT	(1 << 6)
123 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
124 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
125 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
126 
127 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
128 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
129 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
130 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
131 
132 #define RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS	(1 << 9)
133 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
134 #define RAPL_CORES (RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS | RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT)
135 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
136 
137 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
138 
139 /*
140  * buffer size used by sscanf() for added column names
141  * Usually truncated to 7 characters, but also handles 18 columns for raw 64-bit counters
142  */
143 #define	NAME_BYTES 20
144 
145 int backwards_count;
146 char *progname;
147 
148 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set;
149 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize;
150 #define MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS 16
151 
152 struct thread_data {
153 	unsigned long long tsc;
154 	unsigned long long aperf;
155 	unsigned long long mperf;
156 	unsigned long long c1;
157 	unsigned int irq_count;
158 	unsigned int smi_count;
159 	unsigned int cpu_id;
160 	unsigned int flags;
161 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
162 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
163 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
164 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
165 
166 struct core_data {
167 	unsigned long long c3;
168 	unsigned long long c6;
169 	unsigned long long c7;
170 	unsigned long long mc6_us;	/* duplicate as per-core for now, even though per module */
171 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
172 	unsigned int core_id;
173 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
174 } *core_even, *core_odd;
175 
176 struct pkg_data {
177 	unsigned long long pc2;
178 	unsigned long long pc3;
179 	unsigned long long pc6;
180 	unsigned long long pc7;
181 	unsigned long long pc8;
182 	unsigned long long pc9;
183 	unsigned long long pc10;
184 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
185 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
186 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
187 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
188 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
189 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
190 	unsigned int package_id;
191 	unsigned int energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
192 	unsigned int energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
193 	unsigned int energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
194 	unsigned int energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
195 	unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
196 	unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
197 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
198 	unsigned long long counter[MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS];
199 } *package_even, *package_odd;
200 
201 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
202 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
203 
204 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no) \
205 	(thread_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg * \
206 		topo.num_threads_per_core + \
207 		(core_no) * topo.num_threads_per_core + (thread_no))
208 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no) \
209 	(core_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg + (core_no))
210 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
211 
212 enum counter_scope {SCOPE_CPU, SCOPE_CORE, SCOPE_PACKAGE};
213 enum counter_type {COUNTER_CYCLES, COUNTER_SECONDS};
214 enum counter_format {FORMAT_RAW, FORMAT_DELTA, FORMAT_PERCENT};
215 
216 struct msr_counter {
217 	unsigned int msr_num;
218 	char name[NAME_BYTES];
219 	unsigned int width;
220 	enum counter_type type;
221 	enum counter_format format;
222 	struct msr_counter *next;
223 	unsigned int flags;
224 #define	FLAGS_HIDE	(1 << 0)
225 #define	FLAGS_SHOW	(1 << 1)
226 };
227 
228 struct sys_counters {
229 	unsigned int added_thread_counters;
230 	unsigned int added_core_counters;
231 	unsigned int added_package_counters;
232 	struct msr_counter *tp;
233 	struct msr_counter *cp;
234 	struct msr_counter *pp;
235 } sys;
236 
237 struct system_summary {
238 	struct thread_data threads;
239 	struct core_data cores;
240 	struct pkg_data packages;
241 } average;
242 
243 
244 struct topo_params {
245 	int num_packages;
246 	int num_cpus;
247 	int num_cores;
248 	int max_cpu_num;
249 	int num_cores_per_pkg;
250 	int num_threads_per_core;
251 } topo;
252 
253 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
254 
255 int *irq_column_2_cpu;	/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
256 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
257 
258 void setup_all_buffers(void);
259 
260 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
261 {
262 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
263 }
264 /*
265  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
266  * skip non-present cpus
267  */
268 
269 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
270 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
271 {
272 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
273 
274 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
275 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
276 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
277 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
278 				struct thread_data *t;
279 				struct core_data *c;
280 				struct pkg_data *p;
281 
282 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
283 
284 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
285 					continue;
286 
287 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
288 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
289 
290 				retval = func(t, c, p);
291 				if (retval)
292 					return retval;
293 			}
294 		}
295 	}
296 	return 0;
297 }
298 
299 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
300 {
301 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
302 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
303 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
304 		return -1;
305 	else
306 		return 0;
307 }
308 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
309 {
310 	char pathname[32];
311 	int fd;
312 
313 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
314 
315 	if (fd)
316 		return fd;
317 
318 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
319 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
320 	if (fd < 0)
321 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
322 
323 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
324 
325 	return fd;
326 }
327 
328 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
329 {
330 	ssize_t retval;
331 
332 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
333 
334 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
335 		err(-1, "cpu%d: msr offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
336 
337 	return 0;
338 }
339 
340 /*
341  * Each string in this array is compared in --show and --hide cmdline.
342  * Thus, strings that are proper sub-sets must follow their more specific peers.
343  */
344 struct msr_counter bic[] = {
345 	{ 0x0, "Package" },
346 	{ 0x0, "Avg_MHz" },
347 	{ 0x0, "Bzy_MHz" },
348 	{ 0x0, "TSC_MHz" },
349 	{ 0x0, "IRQ" },
350 	{ 0x0, "SMI", 32, 0, FORMAT_DELTA, NULL},
351 	{ 0x0, "Busy%" },
352 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c1" },
353 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c3" },
354 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c6" },
355 	{ 0x0, "CPU%c7" },
356 	{ 0x0, "ThreadC" },
357 	{ 0x0, "CoreTmp" },
358 	{ 0x0, "CoreCnt" },
359 	{ 0x0, "PkgTmp" },
360 	{ 0x0, "GFX%rc6" },
361 	{ 0x0, "GFXMHz" },
362 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc2" },
363 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc3" },
364 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc6" },
365 	{ 0x0, "Pkg%pc7" },
366 	{ 0x0, "PkgWatt" },
367 	{ 0x0, "CorWatt" },
368 	{ 0x0, "GFXWatt" },
369 	{ 0x0, "PkgCnt" },
370 	{ 0x0, "RAMWatt" },
371 	{ 0x0, "PKG_%" },
372 	{ 0x0, "RAM_%" },
373 	{ 0x0, "Pkg_J" },
374 	{ 0x0, "Cor_J" },
375 	{ 0x0, "GFX_J" },
376 	{ 0x0, "RAM_J" },
377 	{ 0x0, "Core" },
378 	{ 0x0, "CPU" },
379 	{ 0x0, "Mod%c6" },
380 };
381 
382 #define MAX_BIC (sizeof(bic) / sizeof(struct msr_counter))
383 #define	BIC_Package	(1ULL << 0)
384 #define	BIC_Avg_MHz	(1ULL << 1)
385 #define	BIC_Bzy_MHz	(1ULL << 2)
386 #define	BIC_TSC_MHz	(1ULL << 3)
387 #define	BIC_IRQ		(1ULL << 4)
388 #define	BIC_SMI		(1ULL << 5)
389 #define	BIC_Busy	(1ULL << 6)
390 #define	BIC_CPU_c1	(1ULL << 7)
391 #define	BIC_CPU_c3	(1ULL << 8)
392 #define	BIC_CPU_c6	(1ULL << 9)
393 #define	BIC_CPU_c7	(1ULL << 10)
394 #define	BIC_ThreadC	(1ULL << 11)
395 #define	BIC_CoreTmp	(1ULL << 12)
396 #define	BIC_CoreCnt	(1ULL << 13)
397 #define	BIC_PkgTmp	(1ULL << 14)
398 #define	BIC_GFX_rc6	(1ULL << 15)
399 #define	BIC_GFXMHz	(1ULL << 16)
400 #define	BIC_Pkgpc2	(1ULL << 17)
401 #define	BIC_Pkgpc3	(1ULL << 18)
402 #define	BIC_Pkgpc6	(1ULL << 19)
403 #define	BIC_Pkgpc7	(1ULL << 20)
404 #define	BIC_PkgWatt	(1ULL << 21)
405 #define	BIC_CorWatt	(1ULL << 22)
406 #define	BIC_GFXWatt	(1ULL << 23)
407 #define	BIC_PkgCnt	(1ULL << 24)
408 #define	BIC_RAMWatt	(1ULL << 27)
409 #define	BIC_PKG__	(1ULL << 28)
410 #define	BIC_RAM__	(1ULL << 29)
411 #define	BIC_Pkg_J	(1ULL << 30)
412 #define	BIC_Cor_J	(1ULL << 31)
413 #define	BIC_GFX_J	(1ULL << 30)
414 #define	BIC_RAM_J	(1ULL << 31)
415 #define	BIC_Core	(1ULL << 32)
416 #define	BIC_CPU		(1ULL << 33)
417 #define	BIC_Mod_c6	(1ULL << 34)
418 
419 unsigned long long bic_enabled = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL;
420 unsigned long long bic_present;
421 
422 #define DO_BIC(COUNTER_NAME) (bic_enabled & bic_present & COUNTER_NAME)
423 #define BIC_PRESENT(COUNTER_BIT) (bic_present |= COUNTER_BIT)
424 
425 /*
426  * bic_lookup
427  * for all the strings in comma separate name_list,
428  * set the approprate bit in return value.
429  */
430 unsigned long long bic_lookup(char *name_list)
431 {
432 	int i;
433 	unsigned long long retval = 0;
434 
435 	while (name_list) {
436 		char *comma;
437 
438 		comma = strchr(name_list, ',');
439 
440 		if (comma)
441 			*comma = '\0';
442 
443 		for (i = 0; i < MAX_BIC; ++i) {
444 			if (!strcmp(name_list, bic[i].name)) {
445 				retval |= (1ULL << i);
446 				break;
447 			}
448 		}
449 		if (i == MAX_BIC) {
450 			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid counter name: %s\n", name_list);
451 			exit(-1);
452 		}
453 
454 		name_list = comma;
455 		if (name_list)
456 			name_list++;
457 
458 	}
459 	return retval;
460 }
461 
462 void print_header(void)
463 {
464 	struct msr_counter *mp;
465 
466 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
467 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPackage");
468 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
469 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCore");
470 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
471 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU");
472 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
473 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tAvg_MHz");
474 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
475 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tBusy%%");
476 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz))
477 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tBzy_MHz");
478 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
479 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tTSC_MHz");
480 
481 	if (!debug)
482 		goto done;
483 
484 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
485 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tIRQ");
486 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
487 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tSMI");
488 
489 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
490 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c1");
491 
492 	for (mp = sys.tp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
493 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
494 			if (mp->width == 64)
495 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%18.18s", mp->name);
496 			else
497 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%10.10s", mp->name);
498 		} else {
499 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%-7.7s", mp->name);
500 		}
501 	}
502 
503 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
504 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c3");
505 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
506 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c6");
507 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
508 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c7");
509 
510 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
511 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tMod%%c6");
512 
513 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
514 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCoreTmp");
515 
516 	for (mp = sys.cp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
517 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
518 			if (mp->width == 64)
519 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%18.18s", mp->name);
520 			else
521 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%10.10s", mp->name);
522 		} else {
523 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%-7.7s", mp->name);
524 		}
525 	}
526 
527 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
528 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkgTmp");
529 
530 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
531 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX%%rc6");
532 
533 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
534 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFXMHz");
535 
536 	if (do_skl_residency) {
537 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tTotl%%C0");
538 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tAny%%C0");
539 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX%%C0");
540 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPUGFX%%");
541 	}
542 
543 	if (do_pc2)
544 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc2");
545 	if (do_pc3)
546 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc3");
547 	if (do_pc6)
548 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc6");
549 	if (do_pc7)
550 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc7");
551 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
552 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc8");
553 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc9");
554 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPk%%pc10");
555 	}
556 
557 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
558 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
559 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkgWatt");
560 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt))
561 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCorWatt");
562 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
563 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFXWatt");
564 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
565 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAMWatt");
566 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
567 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPKG_%%");
568 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
569 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_%%");
570 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
571 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
572 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg_J");
573 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J))
574 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCor_J");
575 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
576 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX_J");
577 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
578 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_J");
579 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
580 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPKG_%%");
581 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
582 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_%%");
583 	}
584 	for (mp = sys.pp; mp; mp = mp->next) {
585 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
586 			if (mp->width == 64)
587 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%18.18s", mp->name);
588 			else
589 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%10.10s", mp->name);
590 		} else {
591 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%-7.7s", mp->name);
592 		}
593 	}
594 
595 done:
596 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
597 }
598 
599 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
600 	struct pkg_data *p)
601 {
602 	int i;
603 	struct msr_counter *mp;
604 
605 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
606 
607 	if (t) {
608 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
609 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
610 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
611 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
612 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
613 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
614 
615 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
616 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %08X\n", t->irq_count);
617 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
618 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %08X\n", t->smi_count);
619 
620 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
621 			outp += sprintf(outp, "tADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
622 				i, mp->msr_num, t->counter[i]);
623 		}
624 	}
625 
626 	if (c) {
627 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
628 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
629 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
630 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
631 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
632 
633 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
634 			outp += sprintf(outp, "cADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
635 				i, mp->msr_num, c->counter[i]);
636 		}
637 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mc6_us: %016llX\n", c->mc6_us);
638 	}
639 
640 	if (p) {
641 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
642 
643 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
644 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
645 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
646 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
647 
648 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
649 		if (do_pc3)
650 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
651 		if (do_pc6)
652 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
653 		if (do_pc7)
654 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
655 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
656 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
657 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
658 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg);
659 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores);
660 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx);
661 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram);
662 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n",
663 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
664 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n",
665 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
666 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
667 
668 		for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
669 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pADDED [%d] msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
670 				i, mp->msr_num, p->counter[i]);
671 		}
672 	}
673 
674 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
675 
676 	return 0;
677 }
678 
679 /*
680  * column formatting convention & formats
681  */
682 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
683 	struct pkg_data *p)
684 {
685 	double interval_float;
686 	char *fmt8;
687 	int i;
688 	struct msr_counter *mp;
689 
690 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
691 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
692 		return 0;
693 
694 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
695 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
696 		return 0;
697 
698 	interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
699 
700 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
701 	if (t == &average.threads) {
702 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package))
703 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
704 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core))
705 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
706 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
707 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
708 	} else {
709 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Package)) {
710 			if (p)
711 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->package_id);
712 			else
713 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
714 		}
715 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_Core)) {
716 			if (c)
717 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", c->core_id);
718 			else
719 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
720 		}
721 		if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU))
722 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->cpu_id);
723 	}
724 
725 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz))
726 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f",
727 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
728 
729 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Busy))
730 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->mperf/t->tsc/tsc_tweak);
731 
732 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
733 		if (has_base_hz)
734 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f", base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
735 		else
736 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f",
737 				1.0 * t->tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
738 	}
739 
740 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_TSC_MHz))
741 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f", 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
742 
743 	if (!debug)
744 		goto done;
745 
746 	/* IRQ */
747 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
748 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->irq_count);
749 
750 	/* SMI */
751 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
752 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->smi_count);
753 
754 	/* C1 */
755 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1))
756 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->c1/t->tsc);
757 
758 	/* Added counters */
759 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
760 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
761 			if (mp->width == 32)
762 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%08lx", (unsigned long) t->counter[i]);
763 			else
764 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%016llx", t->counter[i]);
765 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
766 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%lld", t->counter[i]);
767 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
768 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->counter[i]/t->tsc);
769 		}
770 	}
771 
772 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
773 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
774 		goto done;
775 
776 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
777 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c3/t->tsc);
778 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6))
779 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c6/t->tsc);
780 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
781 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c7/t->tsc);
782 
783 	/* Mod%c6 */
784 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
785 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->mc6_us / t->tsc);
786 
787 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp))
788 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", c->core_temp_c);
789 
790 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
791 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
792 			if (mp->width == 32)
793 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%08lx", (unsigned long) c->counter[i]);
794 			else
795 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%016llx", c->counter[i]);
796 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
797 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%lld", c->counter[i]);
798 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
799 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->counter[i]/t->tsc);
800 		}
801 	}
802 
803 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
804 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
805 		goto done;
806 
807 	/* PkgTmp */
808 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp))
809 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->pkg_temp_c);
810 
811 	/* GFXrc6 */
812 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6)) {
813 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect GFX counter reset */
814 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t**.**");
815 		} else {
816 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f",
817 				p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
818 		}
819 	}
820 
821 	/* GFXMHz */
822 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
823 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->gfx_mhz);
824 
825 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
826 	if (do_skl_residency) {
827 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/t->tsc);
828 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/t->tsc);
829 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
830 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
831 	}
832 
833 	if (do_pc2)
834 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/t->tsc);
835 	if (do_pc3)
836 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc3/t->tsc);
837 	if (do_pc6)
838 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/t->tsc);
839 	if (do_pc7)
840 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/t->tsc);
841 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
842 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc8/t->tsc);
843 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc9/t->tsc);
844 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc10/t->tsc);
845 	}
846 
847 	/*
848  	 * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range,
849  	 * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place.
850  	 */
851 	if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range)
852 		fmt8 = "\t%.2f";
853 	else
854 		fmt8 = "%6.0f**";
855 
856 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgWatt))
857 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
858 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CorWatt))
859 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
860 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXWatt))
861 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
862 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAMWatt))
863 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
864 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Pkg_J))
865 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
866 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Cor_J))
867 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
868 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_J))
869 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
870 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM_J))
871 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
872 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PKG__))
873 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
874 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_RAM__))
875 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
876 
877 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
878 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW) {
879 			if (mp->width == 32)
880 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%08lx", (unsigned long) p->counter[i]);
881 			else
882 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%016llx", p->counter[i]);
883 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
884 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%lld", p->counter[i]);
885 		} else if (mp->format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
886 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->counter[i]/t->tsc);
887 		}
888 	}
889 
890 done:
891 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
892 
893 	return 0;
894 }
895 
896 void flush_output_stdout(void)
897 {
898 	FILE *filep;
899 
900 	if (outf == stderr)
901 		filep = stdout;
902 	else
903 		filep = outf;
904 
905 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
906 	fflush(filep);
907 
908 	outp = output_buffer;
909 }
910 void flush_output_stderr(void)
911 {
912 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
913 	fflush(outf);
914 	outp = output_buffer;
915 }
916 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
917 {
918 	static int printed;
919 
920 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
921 		print_header();
922 
923 	if (topo.num_cpus > 1)
924 		format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores,
925 			&average.packages);
926 
927 	printed = 1;
928 
929 	if (summary_only)
930 		return;
931 
932 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
933 }
934 
935 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
936 	if (new > old) {			\
937 		old = new - old;		\
938 	} else {				\
939 		old = 0x100000000 + new - old;	\
940 	}
941 
942 int
943 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
944 {
945 	int i;
946 	struct msr_counter *mp;
947 
948 	if (do_skl_residency) {
949 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
950 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
951 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
952 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
953 	}
954 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
955 	if (do_pc3)
956 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
957 	if (do_pc6)
958 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
959 	if (do_pc7)
960 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
961 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
962 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
963 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
964 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
965 
966 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
967 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms >  new->gfx_rc6_ms)
968 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
969 	else
970 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
971 
972 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
973 
974 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg);
975 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
976 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
977 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
978 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
979 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
980 
981 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
982 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
983 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
984 		else
985 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
986 	}
987 
988 	return 0;
989 }
990 
991 void
992 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
993 {
994 	int i;
995 	struct msr_counter *mp;
996 
997 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
998 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
999 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
1000 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
1001 	old->mc6_us = new->mc6_us - old->mc6_us;
1002 
1003 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1004 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1005 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1006 		else
1007 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1008 	}
1009 }
1010 
1011 /*
1012  * old = new - old
1013  */
1014 int
1015 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
1016 	struct core_data *core_delta)
1017 {
1018 	int i;
1019 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1020 
1021 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
1022 
1023 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
1024 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
1025 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
1026 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
1027 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
1028 
1029 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
1030 
1031 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1032 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
1033 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
1034 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
1035 		} else {
1036 			return -1;
1037 		}
1038 	}
1039 
1040 
1041 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1042 		/*
1043 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
1044 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
1045 		 */
1046 	} else {
1047 		/*
1048 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
1049 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
1050 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
1051 		 */
1052 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > old->tsc)
1053 			old->c1 = 0;
1054 		else {
1055 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
1056 			old->c1 = old->tsc - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
1057 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
1058 		}
1059 	}
1060 
1061 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
1062 		if (debug > 1)
1063 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
1064 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
1065 	}
1066 
1067 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1068 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
1069 
1070 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI))
1071 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
1072 
1073 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1074 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1075 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i];
1076 		else
1077 			old->counter[i] = new->counter[i] - old->counter[i];
1078 	}
1079 	return 0;
1080 }
1081 
1082 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1083 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
1084 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
1085 {
1086 	int retval = 0;
1087 
1088 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
1089 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
1090 		delta_core(c, c2);
1091 
1092 	/* always calculate thread delta */
1093 	retval = delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
1094 	if (retval)
1095 		return retval;
1096 
1097 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
1098 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
1099 		retval = delta_package(p, p2);
1100 
1101 	return retval;
1102 }
1103 
1104 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1105 {
1106 	int i;
1107 	struct msr_counter  *mp;
1108 
1109 	t->tsc = 0;
1110 	t->aperf = 0;
1111 	t->mperf = 0;
1112 	t->c1 = 0;
1113 
1114 	t->irq_count = 0;
1115 	t->smi_count = 0;
1116 
1117 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
1118 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
1119 
1120 	c->c3 = 0;
1121 	c->c6 = 0;
1122 	c->c7 = 0;
1123 	c->mc6_us = 0;
1124 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
1125 
1126 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
1127 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
1128 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1129 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
1130 
1131 	p->pc2 = 0;
1132 	if (do_pc3)
1133 		p->pc3 = 0;
1134 	if (do_pc6)
1135 		p->pc6 = 0;
1136 	if (do_pc7)
1137 		p->pc7 = 0;
1138 	p->pc8 = 0;
1139 	p->pc9 = 0;
1140 	p->pc10 = 0;
1141 
1142 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
1143 	p->energy_dram = 0;
1144 	p->energy_cores = 0;
1145 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
1146 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
1147 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
1148 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
1149 
1150 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
1151 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
1152 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1153 		t->counter[i] = 0;
1154 
1155 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1156 		c->counter[i] = 0;
1157 
1158 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next)
1159 		p->counter[i] = 0;
1160 }
1161 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1162 	struct pkg_data *p)
1163 {
1164 	int i;
1165 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1166 
1167 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
1168 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
1169 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
1170 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
1171 
1172 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
1173 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
1174 
1175 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1176 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1177 			continue;
1178 		average.threads.counter[i] += t->counter[i];
1179 	}
1180 
1181 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
1182 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1183 		return 0;
1184 
1185 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
1186 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
1187 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
1188 	average.cores.mc6_us += c->mc6_us;
1189 
1190 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
1191 
1192 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1193 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1194 			continue;
1195 		average.cores.counter[i] += c->counter[i];
1196 	}
1197 
1198 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
1199 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1200 		return 0;
1201 
1202 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1203 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
1204 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
1205 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
1206 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
1207 	}
1208 
1209 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
1210 	if (do_pc3)
1211 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
1212 	if (do_pc6)
1213 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
1214 	if (do_pc7)
1215 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
1216 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
1217 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
1218 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
1219 
1220 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
1221 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
1222 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
1223 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
1224 
1225 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
1226 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
1227 
1228 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
1229 
1230 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1231 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1232 
1233 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1234 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1235 			continue;
1236 		average.packages.counter[i] += p->counter[i];
1237 	}
1238 	return 0;
1239 }
1240 /*
1241  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1242  * compute the weighted average
1243  */
1244 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1245 	struct pkg_data *p)
1246 {
1247 	int i;
1248 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1249 
1250 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1251 
1252 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1253 
1254 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1255 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1256 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1257 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1258 
1259 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1260 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1261 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1262 	average.cores.mc6_us /= topo.num_cores;
1263 
1264 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1265 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1266 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1267 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1268 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1269 	}
1270 
1271 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1272 	if (do_pc3)
1273 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1274 	if (do_pc6)
1275 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1276 	if (do_pc7)
1277 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1278 
1279 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1280 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1281 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1282 
1283 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1284 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1285 			continue;
1286 		average.threads.counter[i] /= topo.num_cpus;
1287 	}
1288 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1289 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1290 			continue;
1291 		average.cores.counter[i] /= topo.num_cores;
1292 	}
1293 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1294 		if (mp->format == FORMAT_RAW)
1295 			continue;
1296 		average.packages.counter[i] /= topo.num_packages;
1297 	}
1298 }
1299 
1300 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1301 {
1302 	unsigned int low, high;
1303 
1304 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
1305 
1306 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1307 }
1308 
1309 /*
1310  * get_counters(...)
1311  * migrate to cpu
1312  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1313  */
1314 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1315 {
1316 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1317 	unsigned long long msr;
1318 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1319 	struct msr_counter *mp;
1320 	int i;
1321 
1322 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1323 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1324 		return -1;
1325 	}
1326 
1327 retry:
1328 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1329 
1330 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Avg_MHz) || DO_BIC(BIC_Busy) || DO_BIC(BIC_Bzy_MHz)) {
1331 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1332 
1333 		/*
1334 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
1335 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
1336 		 *
1337 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
1338 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
1339 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
1340 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
1341 		 */
1342 
1343 		/*
1344 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
1345 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
1346 		 */
1347 
1348 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1349 			return -3;
1350 
1351 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
1352 
1353 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
1354 
1355 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1356 			return -3;
1357 
1358 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
1359 
1360 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1361 			return -4;
1362 
1363 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
1364 
1365 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
1366 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
1367 
1368 		/*
1369 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
1370 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
1371 		 */
1372 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
1373 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
1374 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
1375 				goto retry;
1376 			else
1377 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld",
1378 					cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
1379 		}
1380 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1381 
1382 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1383 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1384 	}
1385 
1386 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_IRQ))
1387 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
1388 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_SMI)) {
1389 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1390 			return -5;
1391 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1392 	}
1393 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c1) && use_c1_residency_msr) {
1394 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
1395 			return -6;
1396 	}
1397 
1398 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.tp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1399 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, &t->counter[i]))
1400 			return -10;
1401 	}
1402 
1403 
1404 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
1405 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1406 		return 0;
1407 
1408 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c3) && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1409 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
1410 			return -6;
1411 	}
1412 
1413 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c6) && !do_knl_cstates) {
1414 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1415 			return -7;
1416 	} else if (do_knl_cstates) {
1417 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1418 			return -7;
1419 	}
1420 
1421 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CPU_c7))
1422 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
1423 			return -8;
1424 
1425 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_Mod_c6))
1426 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_MODULE_C6_RES_MS, &c->mc6_us))
1427 			return -8;
1428 
1429 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_CoreTmp)) {
1430 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1431 			return -9;
1432 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1433 	}
1434 
1435 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.cp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1436 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, &c->counter[i]))
1437 			return -10;
1438 	}
1439 
1440 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
1441 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1442 		return 0;
1443 
1444 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1445 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
1446 			return -10;
1447 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
1448 			return -11;
1449 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
1450 			return -12;
1451 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
1452 			return -13;
1453 	}
1454 	if (do_pc3)
1455 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
1456 			return -9;
1457 	if (do_pc6) {
1458 		if (do_slm_cstates) {
1459 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_ATOM_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1460 				return -10;
1461 		} else {
1462 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1463 				return -10;
1464 		}
1465 	}
1466 
1467 	if (do_pc2)
1468 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
1469 			return -11;
1470 	if (do_pc7)
1471 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
1472 			return -12;
1473 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
1474 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
1475 			return -13;
1476 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
1477 			return -13;
1478 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
1479 			return -13;
1480 	}
1481 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
1482 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1483 			return -13;
1484 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1485 	}
1486 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS) {
1487 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1488 			return -14;
1489 		p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1490 	}
1491 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
1492 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1493 			return -15;
1494 		p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1495 	}
1496 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
1497 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1498 			return -16;
1499 		p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1500 	}
1501 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
1502 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1503 			return -16;
1504 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1505 	}
1506 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
1507 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1508 			return -16;
1509 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1510 	}
1511 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_PkgTmp)) {
1512 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1513 			return -17;
1514 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1515 	}
1516 
1517 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
1518 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
1519 
1520 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
1521 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
1522 
1523 	for (i = 0, mp = sys.pp; mp; i++, mp = mp->next) {
1524 		if (get_msr(cpu, mp->msr_num, &p->counter[i]))
1525 			return -10;
1526 	}
1527 
1528 	return 0;
1529 }
1530 
1531 /*
1532  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
1533  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
1534  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
1535  */
1536 
1537 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
1538 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
1539 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
1540 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
1541 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
1542 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
1543 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
1544 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
1545 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
1546 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
1547 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
1548 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
1549 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
1550 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
1551 #define PCLUNL 14 /* Unlimited */
1552 
1553 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
1554 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
1555 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "unlimited"};
1556 
1557 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1558 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1559 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1560 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7};
1561 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCLUNL, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1562 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1563 int bxt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1564 int skx_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1565 
1566 
1567 static void
1568 calculate_tsc_tweak()
1569 {
1570 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
1571 }
1572 
1573 static void
1574 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
1575 {
1576 	unsigned long long msr;
1577 	unsigned int ratio;
1578 
1579 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
1580 
1581 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1582 
1583 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1584 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
1585 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1586 
1587 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1588 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
1589 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1590 
1591 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
1592 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
1593 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
1594 
1595 	return;
1596 }
1597 
1598 static void
1599 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1600 {
1601 	unsigned long long msr;
1602 	unsigned int ratio;
1603 
1604 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
1605 
1606 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1607 
1608 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1609 	if (ratio)
1610 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
1611 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1612 
1613 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1614 	if (ratio)
1615 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
1616 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1617 	return;
1618 }
1619 
1620 static void
1621 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1622 {
1623 	unsigned long long msr;
1624 	unsigned int ratio;
1625 
1626 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
1627 
1628 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1629 
1630 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1631 	if (ratio)
1632 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
1633 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1634 
1635 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1636 	if (ratio)
1637 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
1638 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1639 
1640 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1641 	if (ratio)
1642 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
1643 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1644 
1645 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1646 	if (ratio)
1647 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
1648 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1649 
1650 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1651 	if (ratio)
1652 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
1653 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1654 
1655 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1656 	if (ratio)
1657 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
1658 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1659 
1660 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1661 	if (ratio)
1662 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
1663 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1664 
1665 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1666 	if (ratio)
1667 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
1668 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1669 	return;
1670 }
1671 
1672 static void
1673 dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1674 {
1675 	unsigned long long msr;
1676 	unsigned int ratio;
1677 
1678 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1679 
1680 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1681 
1682 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1683 	if (ratio)
1684 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 8 active cores\n",
1685 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1686 
1687 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1688 	if (ratio)
1689 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 7 active cores\n",
1690 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1691 
1692 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1693 	if (ratio)
1694 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 6 active cores\n",
1695 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1696 
1697 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1698 	if (ratio)
1699 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 5 active cores\n",
1700 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1701 
1702 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1703 	if (ratio)
1704 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
1705 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1706 
1707 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1708 	if (ratio)
1709 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
1710 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1711 
1712 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1713 	if (ratio)
1714 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
1715 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1716 
1717 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1718 	if (ratio)
1719 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 1 active cores\n",
1720 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1721 	return;
1722 }
1723 
1724 static void
1725 dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1726 {
1727 	unsigned long long msr;
1728 	unsigned int ratio;
1729 
1730 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS, &msr);
1731 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
1732 
1733 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
1734 	if (ratio)
1735 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz minimum operating frequency\n",
1736 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1737 
1738 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
1739 	if (ratio)
1740 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz low frequency mode (LFM)\n",
1741 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1742 
1743 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
1744 	if (ratio)
1745 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz base frequency\n",
1746 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1747 
1748 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS, &msr);
1749 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_ATOM_CORE_TURBO_RATIOS: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr & 0xFFFFFFFF);
1750 
1751 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0x3F;
1752 	if (ratio)
1753 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
1754 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1755 
1756 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0x3F;
1757 	if (ratio)
1758 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
1759 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1760 
1761 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0x3F;
1762 	if (ratio)
1763 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
1764 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1765 
1766 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0x3F;
1767 	if (ratio)
1768 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo 1 active core\n",
1769 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1770 }
1771 
1772 static void
1773 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1774 {
1775 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
1776 
1777 	unsigned long long msr;
1778 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
1779 	int i, b_nr;
1780 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
1781 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
1782 
1783 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1784 
1785 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
1786 		base_cpu, msr);
1787 
1788 	/**
1789 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
1790 	 * [0] -- Reserved
1791 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
1792 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
1793 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
1794 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
1795 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
1796 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
1797 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
1798 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
1799 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
1800 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
1801 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
1802 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
1803 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
1804 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
1805 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
1806 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
1807 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
1808 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
1809 	 */
1810 
1811 	b_nr = 0;
1812 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
1813 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1814 
1815 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
1816 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
1817 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
1818 
1819 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
1820 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
1821 		b_nr++;
1822 	}
1823 
1824 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1825 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
1826 			fprintf(outf,
1827 				"%d * %.1f = %.1f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1828 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
1829 }
1830 
1831 static void
1832 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
1833 {
1834 	unsigned long long msr;
1835 
1836 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
1837 
1838 #define SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 27)
1839 #define SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 28)
1840 
1841 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1842 
1843 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked: pkg-cstate-limit=%d: %s)\n",
1844 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
1845 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
1846 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
1847 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
1848 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
1849 		(unsigned int)msr & 0xF,
1850 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
1851 	return;
1852 }
1853 
1854 static void
1855 dump_config_tdp(void)
1856 {
1857 	unsigned long long msr;
1858 
1859 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
1860 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1861 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
1862 
1863 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
1864 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1865 	if (msr) {
1866 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1867 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1868 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1869 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1870 	}
1871 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1872 
1873 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
1874 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1875 	if (msr) {
1876 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1877 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1878 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1879 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1880 	}
1881 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1882 
1883 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
1884 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1885 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
1886 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
1887 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1888 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1889 
1890 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
1891 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1892 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
1893 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1894 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1895 }
1896 
1897 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = {1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
1898 
1899 void print_irtl(void)
1900 {
1901 	unsigned long long msr;
1902 
1903 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
1904 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1905 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1906 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1907 
1908 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
1909 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1910 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1911 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1912 
1913 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
1914 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1915 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1916 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1917 
1918 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
1919 		return;
1920 
1921 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
1922 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1923 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1924 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1925 
1926 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
1927 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1928 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1929 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1930 
1931 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
1932 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1933 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1934 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1935 
1936 }
1937 void free_fd_percpu(void)
1938 {
1939 	int i;
1940 
1941 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num + 1; ++i) {
1942 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
1943 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
1944 	}
1945 
1946 	free(fd_percpu);
1947 }
1948 
1949 void free_all_buffers(void)
1950 {
1951 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
1952 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
1953 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
1954 
1955 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
1956 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
1957 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
1958 
1959 	free(thread_even);
1960 	free(core_even);
1961 	free(package_even);
1962 
1963 	thread_even = NULL;
1964 	core_even = NULL;
1965 	package_even = NULL;
1966 
1967 	free(thread_odd);
1968 	free(core_odd);
1969 	free(package_odd);
1970 
1971 	thread_odd = NULL;
1972 	core_odd = NULL;
1973 	package_odd = NULL;
1974 
1975 	free(output_buffer);
1976 	output_buffer = NULL;
1977 	outp = NULL;
1978 
1979 	free_fd_percpu();
1980 
1981 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
1982 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
1983 }
1984 
1985 /*
1986  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1987  */
1988 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1989 {
1990 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1991 	if (!filep)
1992 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1993 	return filep;
1994 }
1995 
1996 /*
1997  * Parse a file containing a single int.
1998  */
1999 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
2000 {
2001 	va_list args;
2002 	char path[PATH_MAX];
2003 	FILE *filep;
2004 	int value;
2005 
2006 	va_start(args, fmt);
2007 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
2008 	va_end(args);
2009 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
2010 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
2011 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
2012 	fclose(filep);
2013 	return value;
2014 }
2015 
2016 /*
2017  * get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu)
2018  * return the position of the CPU among its HT siblings in the core
2019  * return -1 if the sibling is not in list
2020  */
2021 int get_cpu_position_in_core(int cpu)
2022 {
2023 	char path[64];
2024 	FILE *filep;
2025 	int this_cpu;
2026 	char character;
2027 	int i;
2028 
2029 	sprintf(path,
2030 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list",
2031 		cpu);
2032 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
2033 	if (filep == NULL) {
2034 		perror(path);
2035 		exit(1);
2036 	}
2037 
2038 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core; i++) {
2039 		fscanf(filep, "%d", &this_cpu);
2040 		if (this_cpu == cpu) {
2041 			fclose(filep);
2042 			return i;
2043 		}
2044 
2045 		/* Account for no separator after last thread*/
2046 		if (i != (topo.num_threads_per_core - 1))
2047 			fscanf(filep, "%c", &character);
2048 	}
2049 
2050 	fclose(filep);
2051 	return -1;
2052 }
2053 
2054 /*
2055  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
2056  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
2057  */
2058 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
2059 {
2060 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
2061 }
2062 
2063 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
2064 {
2065 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
2066 }
2067 
2068 int get_core_id(int cpu)
2069 {
2070 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
2071 }
2072 
2073 int get_num_ht_siblings(int cpu)
2074 {
2075 	char path[80];
2076 	FILE *filep;
2077 	int sib1;
2078 	int matches = 0;
2079 	char character;
2080 	char str[100];
2081 	char *ch;
2082 
2083 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list", cpu);
2084 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
2085 
2086 	/*
2087 	 * file format:
2088 	 * A ',' separated or '-' separated set of numbers
2089 	 * (eg 1-2 or 1,3,4,5)
2090 	 */
2091 	fscanf(filep, "%d%c\n", &sib1, &character);
2092 	fseek(filep, 0, SEEK_SET);
2093 	fgets(str, 100, filep);
2094 	ch = strchr(str, character);
2095 	while (ch != NULL) {
2096 		matches++;
2097 		ch = strchr(ch+1, character);
2098 	}
2099 
2100 	fclose(filep);
2101 	return matches+1;
2102 }
2103 
2104 /*
2105  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
2106  * skip non-present cpus
2107  */
2108 
2109 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2110 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
2111 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
2112 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
2113 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
2114 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
2115 {
2116 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
2117 
2118 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
2119 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
2120 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
2121 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
2122 				struct thread_data *t, *t2;
2123 				struct core_data *c, *c2;
2124 				struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
2125 
2126 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
2127 
2128 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
2129 					continue;
2130 
2131 				t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
2132 
2133 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
2134 				c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, pkg_no);
2135 
2136 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
2137 				p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
2138 
2139 				retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
2140 				if (retval)
2141 					return retval;
2142 			}
2143 		}
2144 	}
2145 	return 0;
2146 }
2147 
2148 /*
2149  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
2150  * return max_cpu number
2151  */
2152 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
2153 {
2154 	FILE *fp;
2155 	int cpu_num;
2156 	int retval;
2157 
2158 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
2159 
2160 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
2161 	if (retval != 0)
2162 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
2163 
2164 	while (1) {
2165 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
2166 		if (retval != 1)
2167 			break;
2168 
2169 		retval = func(cpu_num);
2170 		if (retval) {
2171 			fclose(fp);
2172 			return(retval);
2173 		}
2174 	}
2175 	fclose(fp);
2176 	return 0;
2177 }
2178 
2179 void re_initialize(void)
2180 {
2181 	free_all_buffers();
2182 	setup_all_buffers();
2183 	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
2184 }
2185 
2186 
2187 /*
2188  * count_cpus()
2189  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
2190  */
2191 int count_cpus(int cpu)
2192 {
2193 	if (topo.max_cpu_num < cpu)
2194 		topo.max_cpu_num = cpu;
2195 
2196 	topo.num_cpus += 1;
2197 	return 0;
2198 }
2199 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
2200 {
2201 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
2202 	return 0;
2203 }
2204 
2205 /*
2206  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
2207  *
2208  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
2209  *
2210  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2211  */
2212 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
2213 {
2214 	static FILE *fp;
2215 	int column, retval;
2216 
2217 	if (fp == NULL)
2218 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
2219 	else
2220 		rewind(fp);
2221 
2222 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
2223 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2224 		int cpu_number;
2225 
2226 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
2227 		if (retval != 1)
2228 			break;
2229 
2230 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
2231 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
2232 			return 1;
2233 		}
2234 
2235 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
2236 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
2237 	}
2238 
2239 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
2240 	while (1) {
2241 		int column;
2242 		char buf[64];
2243 
2244 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
2245 		if (retval != 1)
2246 			break;
2247 
2248 		/* read the count per cpu */
2249 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
2250 
2251 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
2252 
2253 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
2254 			if (retval != 1)
2255 				break;
2256 
2257 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
2258 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
2259 
2260 		}
2261 
2262 		while (getc(fp) != '\n')
2263 			;	/* flush interrupt description */
2264 
2265 	}
2266 	return 0;
2267 }
2268 /*
2269  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
2270  *
2271  * record snapshot of
2272  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
2273  *
2274  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2275  */
2276 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
2277 {
2278 	FILE *fp;
2279 	int retval;
2280 
2281 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
2282 
2283 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
2284 	if (retval != 1)
2285 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
2286 
2287 	fclose(fp);
2288 
2289 	return 0;
2290 }
2291 /*
2292  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
2293  *
2294  * record snapshot of
2295  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
2296  *
2297  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
2298  */
2299 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
2300 {
2301 	static FILE *fp;
2302 	int retval;
2303 
2304 	if (fp == NULL)
2305 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
2306 	else
2307 		rewind(fp);
2308 
2309 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
2310 	if (retval != 1)
2311 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
2312 
2313 	return 0;
2314 }
2315 
2316 /*
2317  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
2318  *
2319  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
2320  */
2321 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
2322 {
2323 	if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
2324 		return 1;
2325 
2326 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFX_rc6))
2327 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
2328 
2329 	if (DO_BIC(BIC_GFXMHz))
2330 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
2331 
2332 	return 0;
2333 }
2334 
2335 void turbostat_loop()
2336 {
2337 	int retval;
2338 	int restarted = 0;
2339 
2340 restart:
2341 	restarted++;
2342 
2343 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
2344 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2345 	if (retval < -1) {
2346 		exit(retval);
2347 	} else if (retval == -1) {
2348 		if (restarted > 1) {
2349 			exit(retval);
2350 		}
2351 		re_initialize();
2352 		goto restart;
2353 	}
2354 	restarted = 0;
2355 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2356 
2357 	while (1) {
2358 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
2359 			re_initialize();
2360 			goto restart;
2361 		}
2362 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2363 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2364 			goto restart;
2365 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
2366 		if (retval < -1) {
2367 			exit(retval);
2368 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2369 			re_initialize();
2370 			goto restart;
2371 		}
2372 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2373 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
2374 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) {
2375 			re_initialize();
2376 			goto restart;
2377 		}
2378 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2379 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2380 		flush_output_stdout();
2381 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2382 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2383 			goto restart;
2384 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2385 		if (retval < -1) {
2386 			exit(retval);
2387 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2388 			re_initialize();
2389 			goto restart;
2390 		}
2391 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2392 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
2393 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) {
2394 			re_initialize();
2395 			goto restart;
2396 		}
2397 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
2398 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
2399 		flush_output_stdout();
2400 	}
2401 }
2402 
2403 void check_dev_msr()
2404 {
2405 	struct stat sb;
2406 	char pathname[32];
2407 
2408 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2409 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
2410  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
2411 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
2412 }
2413 
2414 void check_permissions()
2415 {
2416 	struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_header_data;
2417 	cap_user_header_t cap_header = &cap_header_data;
2418 	struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data_data;
2419 	cap_user_data_t cap_data = &cap_data_data;
2420 	extern int capget(cap_user_header_t hdrp, cap_user_data_t datap);
2421 	int do_exit = 0;
2422 	char pathname[32];
2423 
2424 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
2425 	cap_header->pid = getpid();
2426 	cap_header->version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION;
2427 	if (capget(cap_header, cap_data) < 0)
2428 		err(-6, "capget(2) failed");
2429 
2430 	if ((cap_data->effective & (1 << CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) == 0) {
2431 		do_exit++;
2432 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
2433 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
2434 	}
2435 
2436 	/* test file permissions */
2437 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2438 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
2439 		do_exit++;
2440 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
2441 	}
2442 
2443 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
2444 	if (do_exit)
2445 		if (getuid() != 0)
2446 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
2447 
2448 	if (do_exit)
2449 		exit(-6);
2450 }
2451 
2452 /*
2453  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
2454  *
2455  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
2456  *
2457  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
2458  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL     0x000000e2
2459  *
2460  * MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT               0x000001aa
2461  *
2462  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
2463  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
2464  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
2465  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
2466  *
2467  * Side effect:
2468  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL
2469  */
2470 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2471 {
2472 	unsigned long long msr;
2473 	unsigned int base_ratio;
2474 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
2475 
2476 	if (!genuine_intel)
2477 		return 0;
2478 
2479 	if (family != 6)
2480 		return 0;
2481 
2482 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
2483 
2484 	switch (model) {
2485 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EP:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
2486 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
2487 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
2488 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
2489 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EP:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
2490 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2491 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2492 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
2493 		break;
2494 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:	/* SNB */
2495 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:	/* SNB Xeon */
2496 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
2497 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
2498 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
2499 		break;
2500 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
2501 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2502 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
2503 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
2504 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
2505 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
2506 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2507 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2508 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
2509 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
2510 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
2511 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
2512 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
2513 		break;
2514 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
2515 		pkg_cstate_limits = skx_pkg_cstate_limits;
2516 		break;
2517 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
2518 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
2519 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
2520 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
2521 		break;
2522 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_AIRMONT:	/* AMT */
2523 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2524 		no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT = 1;
2525 		break;
2526 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI */
2527 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2528 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
2529 		break;
2530 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
2531 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
2532 		pkg_cstate_limits = bxt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2533 		break;
2534 	default:
2535 		return 0;
2536 	}
2537 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL, &msr);
2538 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
2539 
2540 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2541 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2542 
2543 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
2544 	has_base_hz = 1;
2545 	return 1;
2546 }
2547 /*
2548  * SLV client has supporet for unique MSRs:
2549  *
2550  * MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
2551  * MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
2552  */
2553 
2554 int has_slv_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2555 {
2556 	if (!genuine_intel)
2557 		return 0;
2558 
2559 	switch (model) {
2560 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:
2561 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_MERRIFIELD:
2562 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_MOOREFIELD:
2563 		return 1;
2564 	}
2565 	return 0;
2566 }
2567 
2568 int has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2569 {
2570 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
2571 		return 0;
2572 
2573 	switch (model) {
2574 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
2575 	case INTEL_FAM6_NEHALEM_EX:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2576 	case INTEL_FAM6_WESTMERE_EX:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2577 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
2578 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2579 		return 0;
2580 	default:
2581 		return 1;
2582 	}
2583 }
2584 int has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2585 {
2586 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model))
2587 		return 1;
2588 
2589 	return 0;
2590 }
2591 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2592 {
2593 	if (!genuine_intel)
2594 		return 0;
2595 
2596 	if (family != 6)
2597 		return 0;
2598 
2599 	switch (model) {
2600 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
2601 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
2602 		return 1;
2603 	default:
2604 		return 0;
2605 	}
2606 }
2607 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2608 {
2609 	if (!genuine_intel)
2610 		return 0;
2611 
2612 	if (family != 6)
2613 		return 0;
2614 
2615 	switch (model) {
2616 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW Xeon */
2617 		return 1;
2618 	default:
2619 		return 0;
2620 	}
2621 }
2622 
2623 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2624 {
2625 	if (!genuine_intel)
2626 		return 0;
2627 
2628 	if (family != 6)
2629 		return 0;
2630 
2631 	switch (model) {
2632 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
2633 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2634 		return 1;
2635 	default:
2636 		return 0;
2637 	}
2638 }
2639 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2640 {
2641 	if (!genuine_intel)
2642 		return 0;
2643 
2644 	if (family != 6)
2645 		return 0;
2646 
2647 	switch (model) {
2648 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
2649 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
2650 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2651 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
2652 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
2653 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
2654 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
2655 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2656 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2657 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
2658 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
2659 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
2660 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
2661 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
2662 
2663 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* Knights Landing */
2664 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2665 		return 1;
2666 	default:
2667 		return 0;
2668 	}
2669 }
2670 
2671 static void
2672 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2673 {
2674 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
2675 		return;
2676 
2677 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
2678 
2679 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2680 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
2681 
2682 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2683 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
2684 
2685 	if (has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2686 		dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits();
2687 
2688 	if (has_atom_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2689 		dump_atom_turbo_ratio_limits();
2690 
2691 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2692 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
2693 
2694 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
2695 		dump_config_tdp();
2696 
2697 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
2698 }
2699 
2700 
2701 /*
2702  * print_epb()
2703  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
2704  */
2705 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2706 {
2707 	unsigned long long msr;
2708 	char *epb_string;
2709 	int cpu;
2710 
2711 	if (!has_epb)
2712 		return 0;
2713 
2714 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2715 
2716 	/* EPB is per-package */
2717 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2718 		return 0;
2719 
2720 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2721 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2722 		return -1;
2723 	}
2724 
2725 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr))
2726 		return 0;
2727 
2728 	switch (msr & 0xF) {
2729 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
2730 		epb_string = "performance";
2731 		break;
2732 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
2733 		epb_string = "balanced";
2734 		break;
2735 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
2736 		epb_string = "powersave";
2737 		break;
2738 	default:
2739 		epb_string = "custom";
2740 		break;
2741 	}
2742 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x%08llx (%s)\n", cpu, msr, epb_string);
2743 
2744 	return 0;
2745 }
2746 /*
2747  * print_hwp()
2748  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
2749  */
2750 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2751 {
2752 	unsigned long long msr;
2753 	int cpu;
2754 
2755 	if (!has_hwp)
2756 		return 0;
2757 
2758 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2759 
2760 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
2761 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2762 		return 0;
2763 
2764 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2765 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2766 		return -1;
2767 	}
2768 
2769 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
2770 		return 0;
2771 
2772 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
2773 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
2774 
2775 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
2776 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
2777 		return 0;
2778 
2779 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
2780 		return 0;
2781 
2782 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
2783 			"(high 0x%x guar 0x%x eff 0x%x low 0x%x)\n",
2784 			cpu, msr,
2785 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
2786 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
2787 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
2788 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
2789 
2790 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
2791 		return 0;
2792 
2793 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
2794 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
2795 			cpu, msr,
2796 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2797 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2798 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2799 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2800 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
2801 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
2802 
2803 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
2804 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
2805 			return 0;
2806 
2807 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
2808 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
2809 			cpu, msr,
2810 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2811 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2812 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2813 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2814 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
2815 	}
2816 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
2817 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2818 			return 0;
2819 
2820 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
2821 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
2822 			cpu, msr,
2823 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
2824 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
2825 	}
2826 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
2827 		return 0;
2828 
2829 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
2830 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
2831 			cpu, msr,
2832 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
2833 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
2834 
2835 	return 0;
2836 }
2837 
2838 /*
2839  * print_perf_limit()
2840  */
2841 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2842 {
2843 	unsigned long long msr;
2844 	int cpu;
2845 
2846 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2847 
2848 	/* per-package */
2849 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2850 		return 0;
2851 
2852 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2853 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2854 		return -1;
2855 	}
2856 
2857 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
2858 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2859 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2860 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2861 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
2862 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
2863 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2864 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2865 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2866 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2867 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2868 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2869 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2870 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2871 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2872 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
2873 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2874 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2875 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2876 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
2877 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
2878 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2879 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2880 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2881 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2882 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2883 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2884 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2885 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2886 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2887 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
2888 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2889 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2890 
2891 	}
2892 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
2893 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2894 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2895 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2896 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2897 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2898 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2899 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2900 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2901 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2902 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2903 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2904 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2905 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2906 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2907 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2908 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2909 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2910 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2911 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2912 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2913 	}
2914 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
2915 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2916 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2917 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2918 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2919 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2920 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2921 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2922 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2923 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2924 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2925 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2926 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2927 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2928 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2929 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2930 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2931 	}
2932 	return 0;
2933 }
2934 
2935 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
2936 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
2937 
2938 double get_tdp(unsigned int model)
2939 {
2940 	unsigned long long msr;
2941 
2942 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
2943 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2944 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
2945 
2946 	switch (model) {
2947 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:
2948 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:
2949 		return 30.0;
2950 	default:
2951 		return 135.0;
2952 	}
2953 }
2954 
2955 /*
2956  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
2957  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
2958  */
2959 static double
2960 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
2961 {
2962 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
2963 
2964 	switch (model) {
2965 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
2966 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
2967 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
2968 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
2969 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
2970 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
2971 	default:
2972 		return (rapl_energy_units);
2973 	}
2974 }
2975 
2976 
2977 /*
2978  * rapl_probe()
2979  *
2980  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
2981  */
2982 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2983 {
2984 	unsigned long long msr;
2985 	unsigned int time_unit;
2986 	double tdp;
2987 
2988 	if (!genuine_intel)
2989 		return;
2990 
2991 	if (family != 6)
2992 		return;
2993 
2994 	switch (model) {
2995 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
2996 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:
2997 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
2998 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
2999 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3000 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3001 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
3002 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3003 		if (rapl_joules) {
3004 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3005 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3006 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_J);
3007 		} else {
3008 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3009 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3010 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXWatt);
3011 		}
3012 		break;
3013 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3014 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3015 		if (rapl_joules)
3016 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3017 		else
3018 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3019 		break;
3020 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3021 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3022 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3023 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3024 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3025 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3026 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3027 		if (rapl_joules) {
3028 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3029 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3030 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3031 		} else {
3032 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3033 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3034 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3035 		}
3036 		break;
3037 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3038 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3039 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3040 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3041 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3042 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3043 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3044 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3045 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3046 		if (rapl_joules) {
3047 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3048 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3049 		} else {
3050 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3051 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3052 		}
3053 		break;
3054 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
3055 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:
3056 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
3057 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3058 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3059 		if (rapl_joules) {
3060 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3061 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3062 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3063 		} else {
3064 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3065 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3066 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3067 		}
3068 		break;
3069 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
3070 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
3071 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
3072 		if (rapl_joules) {
3073 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3074 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3075 		} else {
3076 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3077 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3078 		}
3079 		break;
3080 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3081 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
3082 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PKG__);
3083 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM__);
3084 		if (rapl_joules) {
3085 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Pkg_J);
3086 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Cor_J);
3087 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAM_J);
3088 		} else {
3089 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgWatt);
3090 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CorWatt);
3091 			BIC_PRESENT(BIC_RAMWatt);
3092 		}
3093 		break;
3094 	default:
3095 		return;
3096 	}
3097 
3098 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
3099 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
3100 		return;
3101 
3102 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
3103 	if (model == INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1)
3104 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
3105 	else
3106 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
3107 
3108 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
3109 
3110 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
3111 	if (time_unit == 0)
3112 		time_unit = 0xA;
3113 
3114 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
3115 
3116 	tdp = get_tdp(model);
3117 
3118 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
3119 	if (debug)
3120 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
3121 
3122 	return;
3123 }
3124 
3125 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3126 {
3127 	if (!genuine_intel)
3128 		return;
3129 
3130 	if (family != 6)
3131 		return;
3132 
3133 	switch (model) {
3134 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3135 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3136 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3137 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3138 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSX */
3139 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3140 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
3141 	default:
3142 		return;
3143 	}
3144 }
3145 
3146 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3147 {
3148 	unsigned long long msr;
3149 	unsigned int dts;
3150 	int cpu;
3151 
3152 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3153 		return 0;
3154 
3155 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3156 
3157 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
3158 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
3159 		return 0;
3160 
3161 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3162 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3163 		return -1;
3164 	}
3165 
3166 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
3167 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
3168 			return 0;
3169 
3170 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3171 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3172 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
3173 
3174 #ifdef	THERM_DEBUG
3175 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3176 			return 0;
3177 
3178 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3179 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
3180 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
3181 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
3182 #endif
3183 	}
3184 
3185 
3186 	if (do_dts) {
3187 		unsigned int resolution;
3188 
3189 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
3190 			return 0;
3191 
3192 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3193 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
3194 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
3195 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
3196 
3197 #ifdef THERM_DEBUG
3198 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
3199 			return 0;
3200 
3201 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
3202 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
3203 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
3204 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
3205 #endif
3206 	}
3207 
3208 	return 0;
3209 }
3210 
3211 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
3212 {
3213 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
3214 		cpu, label,
3215 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3216 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
3217 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
3218 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
3219 
3220 	return;
3221 }
3222 
3223 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3224 {
3225 	unsigned long long msr;
3226 	int cpu;
3227 
3228 	if (!do_rapl)
3229 		return 0;
3230 
3231 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
3232 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3233 		return 0;
3234 
3235 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3236 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3237 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3238 		return -1;
3239 	}
3240 
3241 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
3242 		return -1;
3243 
3244 	if (debug) {
3245 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x%08llx "
3246 			"(%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr,
3247 			rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
3248 	}
3249 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
3250 
3251 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3252                 	return -5;
3253 
3254 
3255 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
3256 			cpu, msr,
3257 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3258 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3259 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3260 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
3261 
3262 	}
3263 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
3264 
3265 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3266 			return -9;
3267 
3268 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3269 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "": "UN");
3270 
3271 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
3272 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
3273 			cpu,
3274 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3275 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
3276 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
3277 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3278 	}
3279 
3280 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
3281 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
3282                 	return -6;
3283 
3284 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
3285 			cpu, msr,
3286 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3287 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3288 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
3289 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
3290 	}
3291 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
3292 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3293 			return -9;
3294 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3295 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
3296 
3297 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
3298 	}
3299 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
3300 		if (debug) {
3301 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
3302 				return -7;
3303 
3304 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
3305 		}
3306 	}
3307 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT) {
3308 		if (debug) {
3309 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3310 				return -9;
3311 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3312 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
3313 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
3314 		}
3315 	}
3316 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
3317 		if (debug) {
3318 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
3319 				return -8;
3320 
3321 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
3322 
3323 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
3324 				return -9;
3325 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
3326 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
3327 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
3328 		}
3329 	}
3330 	return 0;
3331 }
3332 
3333 /*
3334  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
3335  *
3336  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
3337  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
3338  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
3339  */
3340 
3341 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3342 {
3343 	if (!genuine_intel)
3344 		return 0;
3345 
3346 	switch (model) {
3347 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE:
3348 	case INTEL_FAM6_SANDYBRIDGE_X:
3349 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE:	/* IVB */
3350 	case INTEL_FAM6_IVYBRIDGE_X:	/* IVB Xeon */
3351 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_CORE:	/* HSW */
3352 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_X:	/* HSW */
3353 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3354 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_GT3E:	/* HSW */
3355 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3356 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_GT3E:	/* BDW */
3357 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_X:	/* BDX */
3358 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_XEON_D:	/* BDX-DE */
3359 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3360 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3361 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3362 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3363 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3364 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3365 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3366 		return 1;
3367 	}
3368 	return 0;
3369 }
3370 
3371 /*
3372  * HSW adds support for additional MSRs:
3373  *
3374  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
3375  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
3376  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
3377  *
3378  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
3379  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
3380  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
3381  *
3382  */
3383 int has_hsw_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3384 {
3385 	if (!genuine_intel)
3386 		return 0;
3387 
3388 	switch (model) {
3389 	case INTEL_FAM6_HASWELL_ULT:	/* HSW */
3390 	case INTEL_FAM6_BROADWELL_CORE:	/* BDW */
3391 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3392 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3393 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3394 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3395 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3396 		return 1;
3397 	}
3398 	return 0;
3399 }
3400 
3401 /*
3402  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
3403  *
3404  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
3405  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
3406  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
3407  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
3408  */
3409 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3410 {
3411 	if (!genuine_intel)
3412 		return 0;
3413 
3414 	switch (model) {
3415 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3416 	case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3417 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3418 	case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3419 		return 1;
3420 	}
3421 	return 0;
3422 }
3423 
3424 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3425 {
3426 	if (!genuine_intel)
3427 		return 0;
3428 	switch (model) {
3429 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT1:	/* BYT */
3430 	case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_SILVERMONT2:	/* AVN */
3431 		return 1;
3432 	}
3433 	return 0;
3434 }
3435 
3436 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3437 {
3438 	if (!genuine_intel)
3439 		return 0;
3440 	switch (model) {
3441 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNL:	/* KNL */
3442 	case INTEL_FAM6_XEON_PHI_KNM:
3443 		return 1;
3444 	}
3445 	return 0;
3446 }
3447 
3448 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3449 {
3450 	if (is_knl(family, model))
3451 		return 1024;
3452 	return 1;
3453 }
3454 
3455 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
3456 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
3457 
3458 double slm_bclk(void)
3459 {
3460 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
3461 	unsigned int i;
3462 	double freq;
3463 
3464 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
3465 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
3466 
3467 	i = msr & 0xf;
3468 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
3469 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
3470 		i = 3;
3471 	}
3472 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
3473 
3474 	if (debug)
3475 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
3476 
3477 	return freq;
3478 }
3479 
3480 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3481 {
3482 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
3483 		return 100.00;
3484 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
3485 		return slm_bclk();
3486 	else
3487 		return 133.33;
3488 }
3489 
3490 /*
3491  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
3492  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
3493  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
3494  *
3495  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
3496  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
3497  *
3498  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
3499  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
3500  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
3501  */
3502 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3503 {
3504 	unsigned long long msr;
3505 	unsigned int target_c_local;
3506 	int cpu;
3507 
3508 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
3509 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3510 		return 0;
3511 
3512 	/* this is a per-package concept */
3513 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3514 		return 0;
3515 
3516 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3517 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3518 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3519 		return -1;
3520 	}
3521 
3522 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
3523 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
3524 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n",
3525 			cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3526 		return 0;
3527 	}
3528 
3529 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
3530 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3531 		goto guess;
3532 
3533 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
3534 		goto guess;
3535 
3536 	target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
3537 
3538 	if (debug)
3539 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3540 			cpu, msr, target_c_local);
3541 
3542 	if (!target_c_local)
3543 		goto guess;
3544 
3545 	tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local;
3546 
3547 	return 0;
3548 
3549 guess:
3550 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
3551 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n",
3552 		cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3553 
3554 	return 0;
3555 }
3556 
3557 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
3558 {
3559 	unsigned long long msr;
3560 
3561 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
3562 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
3563 			base_cpu, msr,
3564 			msr & FEATURE_CONTROL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-",
3565 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
3566 }
3567 
3568 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
3569 {
3570 	unsigned long long msr;
3571 
3572 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
3573 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sTCC %sEIST %sMWAIT %sPREFETCH %sTURBO)\n",
3574 			base_cpu, msr,
3575 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TM1 ? "" : "No-",
3576 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP ? "" : "No-",
3577 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_MWAIT ? "No-" : "",
3578 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_PREFETCH_DISABLE ? "No-" : "",
3579 			msr & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_TURBO_DISABLE ? "No-" : "");
3580 }
3581 
3582 /*
3583  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
3584  *
3585  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
3586  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
3587  * bit[1] less so...
3588  */
3589 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
3590 {
3591 	unsigned long long msr;
3592 
3593 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3594 		return;
3595 
3596 	if (no_MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT)
3597 		return;
3598 
3599 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
3600 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB %sable-OOB)\n",
3601 			base_cpu, msr,
3602 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
3603 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
3604 			msr & (1 << 8) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3605 }
3606 /*
3607  * Decode MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG
3608  *
3609  * This MSRs are present on Silvermont processors,
3610  * Intel Atom processor E3000 series (Baytrail), and friends.
3611  */
3612 void decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr(void)
3613 {
3614 	unsigned long long msr;
3615 
3616 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
3617 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-CC6-Demotion)\n",
3618 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3619 
3620 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG, &msr))
3621 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MC6_DEMOTION_POLICY_CONFIG: 0x%08llx (%sable-MC6-Demotion)\n",
3622 			base_cpu, msr, msr & (1 << 0) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3623 }
3624 
3625 void process_cpuid()
3626 {
3627 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level, max_extended_level;
3628 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping;
3629 
3630 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3631 
3632 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3633 
3634 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && edx == 0x49656e69 && ecx == 0x6c65746e)
3635 		genuine_intel = 1;
3636 
3637 	if (debug)
3638 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
3639 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
3640 
3641 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
3642 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
3643 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
3644 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
3645 	if (family == 6 || family == 0xf)
3646 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
3647 
3648 	if (debug) {
3649 		fprintf(outf, "%d CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
3650 			max_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
3651 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
3652 			ecx & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
3653 			ecx & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
3654 			ecx & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
3655 			ecx & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
3656 			ecx & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
3657 			edx & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
3658 			edx & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
3659 			edx & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
3660 			edx & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
3661 	}
3662 
3663 	if (!(edx & (1 << 5)))
3664 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
3665 
3666 	/*
3667 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
3668 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
3669 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
3670 	 */
3671 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3672 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3673 
3674 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
3675 
3676 		/*
3677 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
3678 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3679 		 */
3680 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3681 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
3682 	}
3683 
3684 	/*
3685 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
3686 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3687 	 */
3688 
3689 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3690 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
3691 	if (has_aperf) {
3692 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Avg_MHz);
3693 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Busy);
3694 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Bzy_MHz);
3695 	}
3696 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
3697 	if (do_dts)
3698 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CoreTmp);
3699 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
3700 	if (do_ptm)
3701 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_PkgTmp);
3702 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
3703 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
3704 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
3705 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
3706 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
3707 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
3708 
3709 	if (debug)
3710 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
3711 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
3712 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
3713 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
3714 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
3715 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
3716 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
3717 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
3718 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
3719 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
3720 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
3721 
3722 	if (debug)
3723 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
3724 
3725 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && debug) {
3726 		int has_sgx;
3727 
3728 		ecx = 0;
3729 
3730 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3731 
3732 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
3733 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
3734 
3735 		if (has_sgx)
3736 			decode_feature_control_msr();
3737 	}
3738 
3739 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
3740 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
3741 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
3742 
3743 		/*
3744 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
3745 		 */
3746 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
3747 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
3748 
3749 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
3750 
3751 			if (debug && (ebx != 0))
3752 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
3753 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
3754 
3755 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
3756 				switch(model) {
3757 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* SKL */
3758 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* SKL */
3759 				case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:	/* KBL */
3760 				case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:	/* KBL */
3761 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
3762 					break;
3763 				case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:	/* SKX */
3764 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_DENVERTON:	/* DNV */
3765 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
3766 					break;
3767 				case INTEL_FAM6_ATOM_GOLDMONT:	/* BXT */
3768 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
3769 					break;
3770 				default:
3771 					crystal_hz = 0;
3772 			}
3773 
3774 			if (crystal_hz) {
3775 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
3776 				if (debug)
3777 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
3778 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
3779 			}
3780 		}
3781 	}
3782 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
3783 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
3784 
3785 		/*
3786 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
3787 		 */
3788 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
3789 
3790 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
3791 		if (debug)
3792 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
3793 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
3794 	}
3795 
3796 	if (has_aperf)
3797 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
3798 
3799 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_IRQ);
3800 	BIC_PRESENT(BIC_TSC_MHz);
3801 
3802 	if (probe_nhm_msrs(family, model)) {
3803 		do_nhm_platform_info = 1;
3804 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c1);
3805 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c3);
3806 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c6);
3807 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_SMI);
3808 	}
3809 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3810 
3811 	if (do_snb_cstates)
3812 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU_c7);
3813 
3814 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3815 	do_pc2 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2);
3816 	do_pc3 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3);
3817 	do_pc6 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6);
3818 	do_pc7 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7);
3819 	if (has_slv_msrs(family, model)) {
3820 		do_pc2 = do_pc3 = do_pc7 = 0;
3821 		do_pc6 = 1;
3822 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Mod_c6);
3823 		use_c1_residency_msr = 1;
3824 	}
3825 	do_c8_c9_c10 = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3826 	do_irtl_hsw = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3827 	do_skl_residency = has_skl_msrs(family, model);
3828 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
3829 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
3830 
3831 	if (debug)
3832 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
3833 
3834 	if (debug && has_slv_msrs(family, model))
3835 		decode_c6_demotion_policy_msr();
3836 
3837 	rapl_probe(family, model);
3838 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
3839 
3840 	if (debug)
3841 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
3842 
3843 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
3844 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
3845 
3846 	if (!access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK))
3847 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFX_rc6);
3848 
3849 	if (!access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK))
3850 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_GFXMHz);
3851 
3852 	return;
3853 }
3854 
3855 void help()
3856 {
3857 	fprintf(outf,
3858 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
3859 	"\n"
3860 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
3861 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
3862 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
3863 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
3864 	"--add		add a counter\n"
3865 	"		eg. --add msr0x10,u64,cpu,delta,MY_TSC\n"
3866 	"--debug	run in \"debug\" mode\n"
3867 	"--interval sec	Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
3868 	"--help		print this help message\n"
3869 	"--out file	create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
3870 	"--version	print version information\n"
3871 	"\n"
3872 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
3873 }
3874 
3875 
3876 /*
3877  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
3878  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
3879  */
3880 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
3881 {
3882 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
3883 		return 1;
3884 	else
3885 		return 0;
3886 }
3887 
3888 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
3889 {
3890 	return 0;
3891 }
3892 
3893 void topology_probe()
3894 {
3895 	int i;
3896 	int max_core_id = 0;
3897 	int max_package_id = 0;
3898 	int max_siblings = 0;
3899 	struct cpu_topology {
3900 		int core_id;
3901 		int physical_package_id;
3902 	} *cpus;
3903 
3904 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
3905 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
3906 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
3907 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
3908 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
3909 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_CPU);
3910 
3911 	if (debug > 1)
3912 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
3913 
3914 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
3915 	if (cpus == NULL)
3916 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
3917 
3918 	/*
3919 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
3920 	 */
3921 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3922 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
3923 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3924 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3925 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3926 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
3927 
3928 	/*
3929 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
3930 	 */
3931 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3932 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
3933 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3934 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3935 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
3936 
3937 
3938 	/*
3939 	 * For online cpus
3940 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
3941 	 */
3942 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
3943 		int siblings;
3944 
3945 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
3946 			if (debug > 1)
3947 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
3948 			continue;
3949 		}
3950 		cpus[i].core_id = get_core_id(i);
3951 		if (cpus[i].core_id > max_core_id)
3952 			max_core_id = cpus[i].core_id;
3953 
3954 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
3955 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
3956 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
3957 
3958 		siblings = get_num_ht_siblings(i);
3959 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
3960 			max_siblings = siblings;
3961 		if (debug > 1)
3962 			fprintf(outf, "cpu %d pkg %d core %d\n",
3963 				i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].core_id);
3964 	}
3965 	topo.num_cores_per_pkg = max_core_id + 1;
3966 	if (debug > 1)
3967 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
3968 			max_core_id, topo.num_cores_per_pkg);
3969 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_cores_per_pkg > 1)
3970 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Core);
3971 
3972 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
3973 	if (debug > 1)
3974 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
3975 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
3976 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
3977 		BIC_PRESENT(BIC_Package);
3978 
3979 	topo.num_threads_per_core = max_siblings;
3980 	if (debug > 1)
3981 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
3982 
3983 	free(cpus);
3984 }
3985 
3986 void
3987 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
3988 {
3989 	int i;
3990 
3991 	*t = calloc(topo.num_threads_per_core * topo.num_cores_per_pkg *
3992 		topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct thread_data));
3993 	if (*t == NULL)
3994 		goto error;
3995 
3996 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core *
3997 		topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3998 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
3999 
4000 	*c = calloc(topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages,
4001 		sizeof(struct core_data));
4002 	if (*c == NULL)
4003 		goto error;
4004 
4005 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
4006 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
4007 
4008 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
4009 	if (*p == NULL)
4010 		goto error;
4011 
4012 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
4013 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
4014 
4015 	return;
4016 error:
4017 	err(1, "calloc counters");
4018 }
4019 /*
4020  * init_counter()
4021  *
4022  * set cpu_id, core_num, pkg_num
4023  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
4024  *
4025  * increment topo.num_cores when 1st core in pkg seen
4026  */
4027 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
4028 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int thread_num, int core_num,
4029 	int pkg_num, int cpu_id)
4030 {
4031 	struct thread_data *t;
4032 	struct core_data *c;
4033 	struct pkg_data *p;
4034 
4035 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_num, core_num, pkg_num);
4036 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_num, pkg_num);
4037 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_num);
4038 
4039 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
4040 	if (thread_num == 0) {
4041 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
4042 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
4043 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
4044 	}
4045 
4046 	c->core_id = core_num;
4047 	p->package_id = pkg_num;
4048 }
4049 
4050 
4051 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
4052 {
4053 	int my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id;
4054 
4055 	my_package_id = get_physical_package_id(cpu_id);
4056 	my_core_id = get_core_id(cpu_id);
4057 	my_thread_id = get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu_id);
4058 	if (!my_thread_id)
4059 		topo.num_cores++;
4060 
4061 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
4062 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
4063 	return 0;
4064 }
4065 
4066 void allocate_output_buffer()
4067 {
4068 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 1024);
4069 	outp = output_buffer;
4070 	if (outp == NULL)
4071 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
4072 }
4073 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
4074 {
4075 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
4076 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
4077 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
4078 }
4079 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
4080 {
4081 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
4082 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
4083 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
4084 
4085 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
4086 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
4087 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num + 1);
4088 }
4089 void setup_all_buffers(void)
4090 {
4091 	topology_probe();
4092 	allocate_irq_buffers();
4093 	allocate_fd_percpu();
4094 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
4095 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
4096 	allocate_output_buffer();
4097 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
4098 }
4099 
4100 void set_base_cpu(void)
4101 {
4102 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
4103 	if (base_cpu < 0)
4104 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
4105 
4106 	if (debug > 1)
4107 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
4108 }
4109 
4110 void turbostat_init()
4111 {
4112 	setup_all_buffers();
4113 	set_base_cpu();
4114 	check_dev_msr();
4115 	check_permissions();
4116 	process_cpuid();
4117 
4118 
4119 	if (debug)
4120 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
4121 
4122 	if (debug)
4123 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
4124 
4125 	if (debug)
4126 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
4127 
4128 	if (debug)
4129 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
4130 
4131 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
4132 
4133 	if (debug)
4134 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
4135 
4136 	if (debug && do_irtl_snb)
4137 		print_irtl();
4138 }
4139 
4140 int fork_it(char **argv)
4141 {
4142 	pid_t child_pid;
4143 	int status;
4144 
4145 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
4146 	if (status)
4147 		exit(status);
4148 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
4149 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
4150 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
4151 
4152 	child_pid = fork();
4153 	if (!child_pid) {
4154 		/* child */
4155 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
4156 	} else {
4157 
4158 		/* parent */
4159 		if (child_pid == -1)
4160 			err(1, "fork");
4161 
4162 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
4163 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
4164 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
4165 			err(status, "waitpid");
4166 	}
4167 	/*
4168 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
4169 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
4170 	 */
4171 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4172 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
4173 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
4174 	if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS))
4175 		fprintf(outf, "%s: Counter reset detected\n", progname);
4176 	else {
4177 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
4178 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
4179 	}
4180 
4181 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
4182 
4183 	flush_output_stderr();
4184 
4185 	return status;
4186 }
4187 
4188 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
4189 {
4190 	int status;
4191 
4192 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4193 	if (status)
4194 		return status;
4195 
4196 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
4197 	if (status)
4198 		return status;
4199 
4200 	flush_output_stdout();
4201 
4202 	return status;
4203 }
4204 
4205 void print_version() {
4206 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 4.17 10 Jan 2017"
4207 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
4208 }
4209 
4210 int add_counter(unsigned int msr_num, char *name, unsigned int width,
4211 	enum counter_scope scope, enum counter_type type,
4212 	enum counter_format format)
4213 {
4214 	struct msr_counter *msrp;
4215 
4216 	msrp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct msr_counter));
4217 	if (msrp == NULL) {
4218 		perror("calloc");
4219 		exit(1);
4220 	}
4221 
4222 	msrp->msr_num = msr_num;
4223 	strncpy(msrp->name, name, NAME_BYTES);
4224 	msrp->width = width;
4225 	msrp->type = type;
4226 	msrp->format = format;
4227 
4228 	switch (scope) {
4229 
4230 	case SCOPE_CPU:
4231 		msrp->next = sys.tp;
4232 		sys.tp = msrp;
4233 		sys.added_thread_counters++;
4234 		if (sys.added_thread_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4235 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added thread counters\n",
4236 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4237 			exit(-1);
4238 		}
4239 		break;
4240 
4241 	case SCOPE_CORE:
4242 		msrp->next = sys.cp;
4243 		sys.cp = msrp;
4244 		sys.added_core_counters++;
4245 		if (sys.added_core_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4246 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added core counters\n",
4247 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4248 			exit(-1);
4249 		}
4250 		break;
4251 
4252 	case SCOPE_PACKAGE:
4253 		msrp->next = sys.pp;
4254 		sys.pp = msrp;
4255 		sys.added_package_counters++;
4256 		if (sys.added_package_counters > MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS) {
4257 			fprintf(stderr, "exceeded max %d added package counters\n",
4258 				MAX_ADDED_COUNTERS);
4259 			exit(-1);
4260 		}
4261 		break;
4262 	}
4263 
4264 	return 0;
4265 }
4266 
4267 void parse_add_command(char *add_command)
4268 {
4269 	int msr_num = 0;
4270 	char name_buffer[NAME_BYTES];
4271 	int width = 64;
4272 	int fail = 0;
4273 	enum counter_scope scope = SCOPE_CPU;
4274 	enum counter_type type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
4275 	enum counter_format format = FORMAT_DELTA;
4276 
4277 	while (add_command) {
4278 
4279 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr0x%x", &msr_num) == 1)
4280 			goto next;
4281 
4282 		if (sscanf(add_command, "msr%d", &msr_num) == 1)
4283 			goto next;
4284 
4285 		if (sscanf(add_command, "u%d", &width) == 1) {
4286 			if ((width == 32) || (width == 64))
4287 				goto next;
4288 			width = 64;
4289 		}
4290 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cpu", strlen("cpu"))) {
4291 			scope = SCOPE_CPU;
4292 			goto next;
4293 		}
4294 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "core", strlen("core"))) {
4295 			scope = SCOPE_CORE;
4296 			goto next;
4297 		}
4298 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "package", strlen("package"))) {
4299 			scope = SCOPE_PACKAGE;
4300 			goto next;
4301 		}
4302 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "cycles", strlen("cycles"))) {
4303 			type = COUNTER_CYCLES;
4304 			goto next;
4305 		}
4306 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "seconds", strlen("seconds"))) {
4307 			type = COUNTER_SECONDS;
4308 			goto next;
4309 		}
4310 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "raw", strlen("raw"))) {
4311 			format = FORMAT_RAW;
4312 			goto next;
4313 		}
4314 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "delta", strlen("delta"))) {
4315 			format = FORMAT_DELTA;
4316 			goto next;
4317 		}
4318 		if (!strncmp(add_command, "percent", strlen("percent"))) {
4319 			format = FORMAT_PERCENT;
4320 			goto next;
4321 		}
4322 
4323 		if (sscanf(add_command, "%18s,%*s", name_buffer) == 1) {	/* 18 < NAME_BYTES */
4324 			char *eos;
4325 
4326 			eos = strchr(name_buffer, ',');
4327 			if (eos)
4328 				*eos = '\0';
4329 			goto next;
4330 		}
4331 
4332 next:
4333 		add_command = strchr(add_command, ',');
4334 		if (add_command)
4335 			add_command++;
4336 
4337 	}
4338 	if (msr_num == 0) {
4339 		fprintf(stderr, "--add: (msrDDD | msr0xXXX) required\n");
4340 		fail++;
4341 	}
4342 
4343 	/* generate default column header */
4344 	if (*name_buffer == '\0') {
4345 		if (format == FORMAT_RAW) {
4346 			if (width == 32)
4347 				sprintf(name_buffer, "msr%d", msr_num);
4348 			else
4349 				sprintf(name_buffer, "MSR%d", msr_num);
4350 		} else if (format == FORMAT_DELTA) {
4351 			if (width == 32)
4352 				sprintf(name_buffer, "cnt%d", msr_num);
4353 			else
4354 				sprintf(name_buffer, "CNT%d", msr_num);
4355 		} else if (format == FORMAT_PERCENT) {
4356 			if (width == 32)
4357 				sprintf(name_buffer, "msr%d%%", msr_num);
4358 			else
4359 				sprintf(name_buffer, "MSR%d%%", msr_num);
4360 		}
4361 	}
4362 
4363 	if (add_counter(msr_num, name_buffer, width, scope, type, format))
4364 		fail++;
4365 
4366 	if (fail) {
4367 		help();
4368 		exit(1);
4369 	}
4370 }
4371 /*
4372  * HIDE_LIST - hide this list of counters, show the rest [default]
4373  * SHOW_LIST - show this list of counters, hide the rest
4374  */
4375 enum show_hide_mode { SHOW_LIST, HIDE_LIST } global_show_hide_mode = HIDE_LIST;
4376 
4377 int shown;
4378 /*
4379  * parse_show_hide() - process cmdline to set default counter action
4380  */
4381 void parse_show_hide(char *optarg, enum show_hide_mode new_mode)
4382 {
4383 	/*
4384 	 * --show: show only those specified
4385 	 *  The 1st invocation will clear and replace the enabled mask
4386 	 *  subsequent invocations can add to it.
4387 	 */
4388 	if (new_mode == SHOW_LIST) {
4389 		if (shown == 0)
4390 			bic_enabled = bic_lookup(optarg);
4391 		else
4392 			bic_enabled |= bic_lookup(optarg);
4393 		shown = 1;
4394 
4395 		return;
4396 	}
4397 
4398 	/*
4399 	 * --hide: do not show those specified
4400 	 *  multiple invocations simply clear more bits in enabled mask
4401 	 */
4402 	bic_enabled &= ~bic_lookup(optarg);
4403 }
4404 
4405 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
4406 {
4407 	int opt;
4408 	int option_index = 0;
4409 	static struct option long_options[] = {
4410 		{"add",		required_argument,	0, 'a'},
4411 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
4412 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},
4413 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
4414 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
4415 		{"hide",	required_argument,	0, 'H'},	// meh, -h taken by --help
4416 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
4417 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
4418 		{"Package",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
4419 		{"processor",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
4420 		{"show",	required_argument,	0, 's'},
4421 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
4422 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
4423 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
4424 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
4425 	};
4426 
4427 	progname = argv[0];
4428 
4429 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Ddhi:JM:m:o:PpST:v",
4430 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
4431 		switch (opt) {
4432 		case 'a':
4433 			parse_add_command(optarg);
4434 			break;
4435 		case 'D':
4436 			dump_only++;
4437 			break;
4438 		case 'd':
4439 			debug++;
4440 			break;
4441 		case 'H':
4442 			parse_show_hide(optarg, HIDE_LIST);
4443 			break;
4444 		case 'h':
4445 		default:
4446 			help();
4447 			exit(1);
4448 		case 'i':
4449 			{
4450 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
4451 
4452 				if (interval < 0.001) {
4453 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
4454 						interval);
4455 					exit(2);
4456 				}
4457 
4458 				interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
4459 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
4460 			}
4461 			break;
4462 		case 'J':
4463 			rapl_joules++;
4464 			break;
4465 		case 'o':
4466 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
4467 			break;
4468 		case 'P':
4469 			show_pkg_only++;
4470 			break;
4471 		case 'p':
4472 			show_core_only++;
4473 			break;
4474 		case 's':
4475 			parse_show_hide(optarg, SHOW_LIST);
4476 			break;
4477 		case 'S':
4478 			summary_only++;
4479 			break;
4480 		case 'T':
4481 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
4482 			break;
4483 		case 'v':
4484 			print_version();
4485 			exit(0);
4486 			break;
4487 		}
4488 	}
4489 }
4490 
4491 int main(int argc, char **argv)
4492 {
4493 	outf = stderr;
4494 
4495 	cmdline(argc, argv);
4496 
4497 	if (debug)
4498 		print_version();
4499 
4500 	turbostat_init();
4501 
4502 	/* dump counters and exit */
4503 	if (dump_only)
4504 		return get_and_dump_counters();
4505 
4506 	/*
4507 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
4508 	 */
4509 	if (argc - optind)
4510 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
4511 	else
4512 		turbostat_loop();
4513 
4514 	return 0;
4515 }
4516