1 /*
2  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
3  * on modern Intel turbo-capable processors.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
6  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
10  * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
15  * more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
18  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
19  * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20  */
21 
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #include MSRHEADER
24 #include <stdarg.h>
25 #include <stdio.h>
26 #include <err.h>
27 #include <unistd.h>
28 #include <sys/types.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 #include <sys/stat.h>
31 #include <sys/resource.h>
32 #include <fcntl.h>
33 #include <signal.h>
34 #include <sys/time.h>
35 #include <stdlib.h>
36 #include <getopt.h>
37 #include <dirent.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <ctype.h>
40 #include <sched.h>
41 #include <time.h>
42 #include <cpuid.h>
43 #include <linux/capability.h>
44 #include <errno.h>
45 
46 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
47 FILE *outf;
48 int *fd_percpu;
49 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
50 unsigned int debug;
51 unsigned int rapl_joules;
52 unsigned int summary_only;
53 unsigned int dump_only;
54 unsigned int do_nhm_cstates;
55 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
56 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
57 unsigned int do_pc2;
58 unsigned int do_pc3;
59 unsigned int do_pc6;
60 unsigned int do_pc7;
61 unsigned int do_c8_c9_c10;
62 unsigned int do_skl_residency;
63 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
64 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
65 unsigned int has_aperf;
66 unsigned int has_epb;
67 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
68 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
69 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
70 unsigned int genuine_intel;
71 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
72 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
73 unsigned int extra_msr_offset32;
74 unsigned int extra_msr_offset64;
75 unsigned int extra_delta_offset32;
76 unsigned int extra_delta_offset64;
77 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
78 int do_irq = 1;
79 int do_smi;
80 double bclk;
81 double base_hz;
82 unsigned int has_base_hz;
83 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
84 unsigned int show_pkg;
85 unsigned int show_core;
86 unsigned int show_cpu;
87 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
88 unsigned int show_core_only;
89 char *output_buffer, *outp;
90 unsigned int do_rapl;
91 unsigned int do_dts;
92 unsigned int do_ptm;
93 unsigned int do_gfx_rc6_ms;
94 unsigned long long  gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
95 unsigned int do_gfx_mhz;
96 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
97 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
98 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
99 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
100 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
101 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
102 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
103 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
104 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
105 unsigned int crystal_hz;
106 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
107 int base_cpu;
108 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
109 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
110 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
111 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
112 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
113 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
114 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
115 
116 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
117 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
118 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
119 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
120 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
121 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
122 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
123 
124 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
125 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
126 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
127 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
128 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
129 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
130 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
131 
132 #define RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT	(1 << 6)
133 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
134 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
135 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
136 
137 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
138 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
139 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
140 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
141 
142 #define RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS	(1 << 9)
143 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
144 #define RAPL_CORES (RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS | RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT)
145 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
146 
147 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
148 
149 int backwards_count;
150 char *progname;
151 
152 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set;
153 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize;
154 
155 struct thread_data {
156 	unsigned long long tsc;
157 	unsigned long long aperf;
158 	unsigned long long mperf;
159 	unsigned long long c1;
160 	unsigned long long extra_msr64;
161 	unsigned long long extra_delta64;
162 	unsigned long long extra_msr32;
163 	unsigned long long extra_delta32;
164 	unsigned int irq_count;
165 	unsigned int smi_count;
166 	unsigned int cpu_id;
167 	unsigned int flags;
168 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
169 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
170 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
171 
172 struct core_data {
173 	unsigned long long c3;
174 	unsigned long long c6;
175 	unsigned long long c7;
176 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
177 	unsigned int core_id;
178 } *core_even, *core_odd;
179 
180 struct pkg_data {
181 	unsigned long long pc2;
182 	unsigned long long pc3;
183 	unsigned long long pc6;
184 	unsigned long long pc7;
185 	unsigned long long pc8;
186 	unsigned long long pc9;
187 	unsigned long long pc10;
188 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
189 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
190 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
191 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
192 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
193 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
194 	unsigned int package_id;
195 	unsigned int energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
196 	unsigned int energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
197 	unsigned int energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
198 	unsigned int energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
199 	unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
200 	unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
201 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
202 
203 } *package_even, *package_odd;
204 
205 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
206 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
207 
208 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no) \
209 	(thread_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg * \
210 		topo.num_threads_per_core + \
211 		(core_no) * topo.num_threads_per_core + (thread_no))
212 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no) \
213 	(core_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg + (core_no))
214 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
215 
216 struct system_summary {
217 	struct thread_data threads;
218 	struct core_data cores;
219 	struct pkg_data packages;
220 } sum, average;
221 
222 
223 struct topo_params {
224 	int num_packages;
225 	int num_cpus;
226 	int num_cores;
227 	int max_cpu_num;
228 	int num_cores_per_pkg;
229 	int num_threads_per_core;
230 } topo;
231 
232 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
233 
234 int *irq_column_2_cpu;	/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
235 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
236 
237 void setup_all_buffers(void);
238 
239 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
240 {
241 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
242 }
243 /*
244  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
245  * skip non-present cpus
246  */
247 
248 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
249 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
250 {
251 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
252 
253 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
254 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
255 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
256 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
257 				struct thread_data *t;
258 				struct core_data *c;
259 				struct pkg_data *p;
260 
261 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
262 
263 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
264 					continue;
265 
266 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
267 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
268 
269 				retval = func(t, c, p);
270 				if (retval)
271 					return retval;
272 			}
273 		}
274 	}
275 	return 0;
276 }
277 
278 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
279 {
280 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
281 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
282 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
283 		return -1;
284 	else
285 		return 0;
286 }
287 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
288 {
289 	char pathname[32];
290 	int fd;
291 
292 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
293 
294 	if (fd)
295 		return fd;
296 
297 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
298 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
299 	if (fd < 0)
300 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
301 
302 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
303 
304 	return fd;
305 }
306 
307 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
308 {
309 	ssize_t retval;
310 
311 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
312 
313 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
314 		err(-1, "msr %d offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
315 
316 	return 0;
317 }
318 
319 /*
320  * Example Format w/ field column widths:
321  *
322  *  Package    Core     CPU Avg_MHz Bzy_MHz TSC_MHz     IRQ   SMI   Busy% CPU_%c1 CPU_%c3 CPU_%c6 CPU_%c7 CoreTmp  PkgTmp  GFXMHz Pkg%pc2 Pkg%pc3 Pkg%pc6 Pkg%pc7 PkgWatt CorWatt GFXWatt
323  * 12345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678
324  */
325 
326 void print_header(void)
327 {
328 	if (show_pkg)
329 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPackage");
330 	if (show_core)
331 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCore");
332 	if (show_cpu)
333 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU");
334 	if (has_aperf)
335 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tAvg_MHz");
336 	if (has_aperf)
337 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tBusy%%");
338 	if (has_aperf)
339 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tBzy_MHz");
340 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\tTSC_MHz");
341 
342 	if (extra_delta_offset32)
343 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tcount 0x%03X", extra_delta_offset32);
344 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
345 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCOUNT 0x%03X", extra_delta_offset64);
346 	if (extra_msr_offset32)
347 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tMSR 0x%03X", extra_msr_offset32);
348 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
349 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tMSR 0x%03X", extra_msr_offset64);
350 
351 	if (!debug)
352 		goto done;
353 
354 	if (do_irq)
355 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tIRQ");
356 	if (do_smi)
357 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tSMI");
358 
359 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
360 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c1");
361 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
362 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c3");
363 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
364 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c6");
365 	if (do_snb_cstates)
366 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPU%%c7");
367 
368 	if (do_dts)
369 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCoreTmp");
370 	if (do_ptm)
371 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkgTmp");
372 
373 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms)
374 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX%%rc6");
375 
376 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
377 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFXMHz");
378 
379 	if (do_skl_residency) {
380 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tTotl%%C0");
381 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tAny%%C0");
382 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX%%C0");
383 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCPUGFX%%");
384 	}
385 
386 	if (do_pc2)
387 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc2");
388 	if (do_pc3)
389 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc3");
390 	if (do_pc6)
391 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc6");
392 	if (do_pc7)
393 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc7");
394 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
395 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc8");
396 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg%%pc9");
397 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPk%%pc10");
398 	}
399 
400 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
401 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
402 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkgWatt");
403 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS)
404 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCorWatt");
405 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
406 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFXWatt");
407 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
408 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAMWatt");
409 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
410 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPKG_%%");
411 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
412 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_%%");
413 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
414 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
415 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPkg_J");
416 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS)
417 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tCor_J");
418 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
419 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tGFX_J");
420 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
421 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_J");
422 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
423 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tPKG_%%");
424 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
425 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\tRAM_%%");
426 	}
427     done:
428 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
429 }
430 
431 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
432 	struct pkg_data *p)
433 {
434 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
435 
436 	if (t) {
437 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
438 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
439 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
440 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
441 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
442 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
443 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
444 			extra_delta_offset32, t->extra_delta32);
445 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n",
446 			extra_delta_offset64, t->extra_delta64);
447 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
448 			extra_msr_offset32, t->extra_msr32);
449 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n",
450 			extra_msr_offset64, t->extra_msr64);
451 		if (do_irq)
452 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %08X\n", t->irq_count);
453 		if (do_smi)
454 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %08X\n", t->smi_count);
455 	}
456 
457 	if (c) {
458 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
459 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
460 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
461 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
462 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
463 	}
464 
465 	if (p) {
466 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
467 
468 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
469 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
470 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
471 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
472 
473 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
474 		if (do_pc3)
475 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
476 		if (do_pc6)
477 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
478 		if (do_pc7)
479 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
480 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
481 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
482 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
483 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg);
484 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores);
485 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx);
486 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram);
487 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n",
488 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
489 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n",
490 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
491 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
492 	}
493 
494 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
495 
496 	return 0;
497 }
498 
499 /*
500  * column formatting convention & formats
501  */
502 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
503 	struct pkg_data *p)
504 {
505 	double interval_float;
506 	char *fmt8;
507 
508 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
509 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
510 		return 0;
511 
512 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
513 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
514 		return 0;
515 
516 	interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
517 
518 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
519 	if (t == &average.threads) {
520 		if (show_pkg)
521 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
522 		if (show_core)
523 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
524 		if (show_cpu)
525 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
526 	} else {
527 		if (show_pkg) {
528 			if (p)
529 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->package_id);
530 			else
531 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
532 		}
533 		if (show_core) {
534 			if (c)
535 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", c->core_id);
536 			else
537 				outp += sprintf(outp, "\t-");
538 		}
539 		if (show_cpu)
540 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->cpu_id);
541 	}
542 
543 	/* Avg_MHz */
544 	if (has_aperf)
545 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f",
546 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
547 
548 	/* Busy% */
549 	if (has_aperf)
550 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->mperf/t->tsc/tsc_tweak);
551 
552 	/* Bzy_MHz */
553 	if (has_aperf) {
554 		if (has_base_hz)
555 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f", base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
556 		else
557 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f",
558 				1.0 * t->tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
559 	}
560 
561 	/* TSC_MHz */
562 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.0f", 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
563 
564 	/* delta */
565 	if (extra_delta_offset32)
566 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%11llu", t->extra_delta32);
567 
568 	/* DELTA */
569 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
570 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%11llu", t->extra_delta64);
571 	/* msr */
572 	if (extra_msr_offset32)
573 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%08llx", t->extra_msr32);
574 
575 	/* MSR */
576 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
577 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t0x%016llx", t->extra_msr64);
578 
579 	if (!debug)
580 		goto done;
581 
582 	/* IRQ */
583 	if (do_irq)
584 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->irq_count);
585 
586 	/* SMI */
587 	if (do_smi)
588 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", t->smi_count);
589 
590 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
591 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * t->c1/t->tsc);
592 
593 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
594 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
595 		goto done;
596 
597 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
598 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c3/t->tsc);
599 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
600 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c6/t->tsc);
601 	if (do_snb_cstates)
602 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * c->c7/t->tsc);
603 
604 	if (do_dts)
605 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", c->core_temp_c);
606 
607 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
608 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
609 		goto done;
610 
611 	/* PkgTmp */
612 	if (do_ptm)
613 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->pkg_temp_c);
614 
615 	/* GFXrc6 */
616 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms) {
617 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect GFX counter reset */
618 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t**.**");
619 		} else {
620 			outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f",
621 				p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
622 		}
623 	}
624 
625 	/* GFXMHz */
626 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
627 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%d", p->gfx_mhz);
628 
629 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
630 	if (do_skl_residency) {
631 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/t->tsc);
632 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/t->tsc);
633 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
634 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
635 	}
636 
637 	if (do_pc2)
638 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/t->tsc);
639 	if (do_pc3)
640 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc3/t->tsc);
641 	if (do_pc6)
642 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/t->tsc);
643 	if (do_pc7)
644 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/t->tsc);
645 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
646 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc8/t->tsc);
647 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc9/t->tsc);
648 		outp += sprintf(outp, "\t%.2f", 100.0 * p->pc10/t->tsc);
649 	}
650 
651 	/*
652  	 * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range,
653  	 * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place.
654  	 */
655 	if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range)
656 		fmt8 = "\t%.2f";
657 	else
658 		fmt8 = "%6.0f**";
659 
660 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
661 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
662 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
663 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS)
664 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
665 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
666 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
667 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
668 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
669 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
670 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
671 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
672 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
673 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
674 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
675 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
676 					p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
677 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
678 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
679 					p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
680 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
681 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
682 					p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
683 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
684 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
685 					p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
686 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
687 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
688 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
689 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
690 	}
691 done:
692 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
693 
694 	return 0;
695 }
696 
697 void flush_output_stdout(void)
698 {
699 	FILE *filep;
700 
701 	if (outf == stderr)
702 		filep = stdout;
703 	else
704 		filep = outf;
705 
706 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
707 	fflush(filep);
708 
709 	outp = output_buffer;
710 }
711 void flush_output_stderr(void)
712 {
713 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
714 	fflush(outf);
715 	outp = output_buffer;
716 }
717 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
718 {
719 	static int printed;
720 
721 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
722 		print_header();
723 
724 	if (topo.num_cpus > 1)
725 		format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores,
726 			&average.packages);
727 
728 	printed = 1;
729 
730 	if (summary_only)
731 		return;
732 
733 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
734 }
735 
736 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
737 	if (new > old) {			\
738 		old = new - old;		\
739 	} else {				\
740 		old = 0x100000000 + new - old;	\
741 	}
742 
743 int
744 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
745 {
746 
747 	if (do_skl_residency) {
748 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
749 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
750 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
751 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
752 	}
753 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
754 	if (do_pc3)
755 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
756 	if (do_pc6)
757 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
758 	if (do_pc7)
759 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
760 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
761 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
762 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
763 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
764 
765 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
766 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms >  new->gfx_rc6_ms)
767 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
768 	else
769 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
770 
771 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
772 
773 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg);
774 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
775 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
776 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
777 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
778 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
779 
780 	return 0;
781 }
782 
783 void
784 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
785 {
786 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
787 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
788 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
789 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
790 }
791 
792 /*
793  * old = new - old
794  */
795 int
796 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
797 	struct core_data *core_delta)
798 {
799 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
800 
801 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
802 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
803 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
804 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
805 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
806 
807 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
808 
809 	if (has_aperf) {
810 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
811 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
812 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
813 		} else {
814 			return -1;
815 		}
816 	}
817 
818 
819 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
820 		/*
821 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
822 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
823 		 */
824 	} else {
825 		/*
826 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
827 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
828 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
829 		 */
830 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > old->tsc)
831 			old->c1 = 0;
832 		else {
833 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
834 			old->c1 = old->tsc - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
835 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
836 		}
837 	}
838 
839 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
840 		if (debug > 1)
841 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
842 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
843 	}
844 
845 	old->extra_delta32 = new->extra_delta32 - old->extra_delta32;
846 	old->extra_delta32 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
847 
848 	old->extra_delta64 = new->extra_delta64 - old->extra_delta64;
849 
850 	/*
851 	 * Extra MSR is just a snapshot, simply copy latest w/o subtracting
852 	 */
853 	old->extra_msr32 = new->extra_msr32;
854 	old->extra_msr64 = new->extra_msr64;
855 
856 	if (do_irq)
857 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
858 
859 	if (do_smi)
860 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
861 
862 	return 0;
863 }
864 
865 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
866 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
867 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
868 {
869 	int retval = 0;
870 
871 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
872 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
873 		delta_core(c, c2);
874 
875 	/* always calculate thread delta */
876 	retval = delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
877 	if (retval)
878 		return retval;
879 
880 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
881 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
882 		retval = delta_package(p, p2);
883 
884 	return retval;
885 }
886 
887 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
888 {
889 	t->tsc = 0;
890 	t->aperf = 0;
891 	t->mperf = 0;
892 	t->c1 = 0;
893 
894 	t->extra_delta32 = 0;
895 	t->extra_delta64 = 0;
896 
897 	t->irq_count = 0;
898 	t->smi_count = 0;
899 
900 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
901 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
902 
903 	c->c3 = 0;
904 	c->c6 = 0;
905 	c->c7 = 0;
906 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
907 
908 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
909 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
910 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
911 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
912 
913 	p->pc2 = 0;
914 	if (do_pc3)
915 		p->pc3 = 0;
916 	if (do_pc6)
917 		p->pc6 = 0;
918 	if (do_pc7)
919 		p->pc7 = 0;
920 	p->pc8 = 0;
921 	p->pc9 = 0;
922 	p->pc10 = 0;
923 
924 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
925 	p->energy_dram = 0;
926 	p->energy_cores = 0;
927 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
928 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
929 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
930 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
931 
932 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
933 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
934 }
935 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
936 	struct pkg_data *p)
937 {
938 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
939 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
940 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
941 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
942 
943 	average.threads.extra_delta32 += t->extra_delta32;
944 	average.threads.extra_delta64 += t->extra_delta64;
945 
946 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
947 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
948 
949 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
950 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
951 		return 0;
952 
953 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
954 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
955 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
956 
957 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
958 
959 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
960 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
961 		return 0;
962 
963 	if (do_skl_residency) {
964 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
965 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
966 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
967 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
968 	}
969 
970 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
971 	if (do_pc3)
972 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
973 	if (do_pc6)
974 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
975 	if (do_pc7)
976 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
977 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
978 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
979 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
980 
981 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
982 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
983 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
984 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
985 
986 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
987 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
988 
989 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
990 
991 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
992 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
993 	return 0;
994 }
995 /*
996  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
997  * compute the weighted average
998  */
999 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1000 	struct pkg_data *p)
1001 {
1002 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1003 
1004 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1005 
1006 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1007 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1008 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1009 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1010 
1011 	average.threads.extra_delta32 /= topo.num_cpus;
1012 	average.threads.extra_delta32 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
1013 
1014 	average.threads.extra_delta64 /= topo.num_cpus;
1015 
1016 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1017 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1018 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1019 
1020 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1021 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1022 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1023 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1024 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1025 	}
1026 
1027 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1028 	if (do_pc3)
1029 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1030 	if (do_pc6)
1031 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1032 	if (do_pc7)
1033 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1034 
1035 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1036 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1037 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1038 }
1039 
1040 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1041 {
1042 	unsigned int low, high;
1043 
1044 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
1045 
1046 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1047 }
1048 
1049 /*
1050  * get_counters(...)
1051  * migrate to cpu
1052  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1053  */
1054 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1055 {
1056 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1057 	unsigned long long msr;
1058 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1059 
1060 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1061 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1062 		return -1;
1063 	}
1064 
1065 retry:
1066 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1067 
1068 	if (has_aperf) {
1069 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1070 
1071 		/*
1072 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
1073 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
1074 		 *
1075 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
1076 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
1077 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
1078 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
1079 		 */
1080 
1081 		/*
1082 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
1083 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
1084 		 */
1085 
1086 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1087 			return -3;
1088 
1089 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
1090 
1091 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
1092 
1093 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1094 			return -3;
1095 
1096 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
1097 
1098 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1099 			return -4;
1100 
1101 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
1102 
1103 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
1104 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
1105 
1106 		/*
1107 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
1108 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
1109 		 */
1110 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
1111 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
1112 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
1113 				goto retry;
1114 			else
1115 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld",
1116 					cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
1117 		}
1118 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1119 
1120 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1121 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1122 	}
1123 
1124 	if (do_irq)
1125 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
1126 	if (do_smi) {
1127 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1128 			return -5;
1129 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1130 	}
1131 	if (extra_delta_offset32) {
1132 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_delta_offset32, &msr))
1133 			return -5;
1134 		t->extra_delta32 = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1135 	}
1136 
1137 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
1138 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_delta_offset64, &t->extra_delta64))
1139 			return -5;
1140 
1141 	if (extra_msr_offset32) {
1142 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset32, &msr))
1143 			return -5;
1144 		t->extra_msr32 = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1145 	}
1146 
1147 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
1148 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset64, &t->extra_msr64))
1149 			return -5;
1150 
1151 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1152 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
1153 			return -6;
1154 	}
1155 
1156 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
1157 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1158 		return 0;
1159 
1160 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1161 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
1162 			return -6;
1163 	}
1164 
1165 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1166 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1167 			return -7;
1168 	} else if (do_knl_cstates) {
1169 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1170 			return -7;
1171 	}
1172 
1173 	if (do_snb_cstates)
1174 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
1175 			return -8;
1176 
1177 	if (do_dts) {
1178 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1179 			return -9;
1180 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1181 	}
1182 
1183 
1184 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
1185 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1186 		return 0;
1187 
1188 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1189 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
1190 			return -10;
1191 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
1192 			return -11;
1193 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
1194 			return -12;
1195 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
1196 			return -13;
1197 	}
1198 	if (do_pc3)
1199 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
1200 			return -9;
1201 	if (do_pc6)
1202 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1203 			return -10;
1204 	if (do_pc2)
1205 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
1206 			return -11;
1207 	if (do_pc7)
1208 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
1209 			return -12;
1210 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
1211 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
1212 			return -13;
1213 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
1214 			return -13;
1215 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
1216 			return -13;
1217 	}
1218 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
1219 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1220 			return -13;
1221 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1222 	}
1223 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS) {
1224 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1225 			return -14;
1226 		p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1227 	}
1228 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
1229 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1230 			return -15;
1231 		p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1232 	}
1233 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
1234 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1235 			return -16;
1236 		p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1237 	}
1238 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
1239 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1240 			return -16;
1241 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1242 	}
1243 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
1244 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1245 			return -16;
1246 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1247 	}
1248 	if (do_ptm) {
1249 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1250 			return -17;
1251 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1252 	}
1253 
1254 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms)
1255 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
1256 
1257 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
1258 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
1259 
1260 	return 0;
1261 }
1262 
1263 /*
1264  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
1265  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
1266  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
1267  */
1268 
1269 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
1270 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
1271 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
1272 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
1273 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
1274 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
1275 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
1276 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
1277 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
1278 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
1279 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
1280 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
1281 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
1282 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
1283 #define PCLUNL 14 /* Unlimited */
1284 
1285 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
1286 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
1287 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "unlimited"};
1288 
1289 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1290 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1291 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1292 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1293 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1294 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1295 int bxt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1296 
1297 
1298 static void
1299 calculate_tsc_tweak()
1300 {
1301 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
1302 }
1303 
1304 static void
1305 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
1306 {
1307 	unsigned long long msr;
1308 	unsigned int ratio;
1309 
1310 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
1311 
1312 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1313 
1314 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1315 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
1316 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1317 
1318 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1319 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz base frequency\n",
1320 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1321 
1322 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
1323 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
1324 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
1325 
1326 	return;
1327 }
1328 
1329 static void
1330 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1331 {
1332 	unsigned long long msr;
1333 	unsigned int ratio;
1334 
1335 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
1336 
1337 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1338 
1339 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1340 	if (ratio)
1341 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
1342 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1343 
1344 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1345 	if (ratio)
1346 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
1347 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1348 	return;
1349 }
1350 
1351 static void
1352 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1353 {
1354 	unsigned long long msr;
1355 	unsigned int ratio;
1356 
1357 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
1358 
1359 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1360 
1361 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1362 	if (ratio)
1363 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
1364 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1365 
1366 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1367 	if (ratio)
1368 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
1369 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1370 
1371 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1372 	if (ratio)
1373 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
1374 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1375 
1376 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1377 	if (ratio)
1378 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
1379 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1380 
1381 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1382 	if (ratio)
1383 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
1384 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1385 
1386 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1387 	if (ratio)
1388 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
1389 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1390 
1391 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1392 	if (ratio)
1393 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
1394 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1395 
1396 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1397 	if (ratio)
1398 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
1399 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1400 	return;
1401 }
1402 
1403 static void
1404 dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1405 {
1406 	unsigned long long msr;
1407 	unsigned int ratio;
1408 
1409 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1410 
1411 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1412 
1413 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1414 	if (ratio)
1415 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 8 active cores\n",
1416 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1417 
1418 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1419 	if (ratio)
1420 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 7 active cores\n",
1421 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1422 
1423 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1424 	if (ratio)
1425 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 6 active cores\n",
1426 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1427 
1428 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1429 	if (ratio)
1430 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 5 active cores\n",
1431 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1432 
1433 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1434 	if (ratio)
1435 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
1436 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1437 
1438 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1439 	if (ratio)
1440 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
1441 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1442 
1443 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1444 	if (ratio)
1445 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
1446 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1447 
1448 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1449 	if (ratio)
1450 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 1 active cores\n",
1451 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1452 	return;
1453 }
1454 
1455 static void
1456 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1457 {
1458 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
1459 
1460 	unsigned long long msr;
1461 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
1462 	int i, b_nr;
1463 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
1464 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
1465 
1466 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1467 
1468 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
1469 		base_cpu, msr);
1470 
1471 	/**
1472 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
1473 	 * [0] -- Reserved
1474 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
1475 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
1476 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
1477 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
1478 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
1479 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
1480 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
1481 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
1482 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
1483 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
1484 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
1485 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
1486 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
1487 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
1488 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
1489 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
1490 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
1491 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
1492 	 */
1493 
1494 	b_nr = 0;
1495 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
1496 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1497 
1498 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
1499 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
1500 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
1501 
1502 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
1503 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
1504 		b_nr++;
1505 	}
1506 
1507 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1508 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
1509 			fprintf(outf,
1510 				"%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1511 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
1512 }
1513 
1514 static void
1515 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
1516 {
1517 	unsigned long long msr;
1518 
1519 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr);
1520 
1521 #define SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 27)
1522 #define SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 28)
1523 
1524 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1525 
1526 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked: pkg-cstate-limit=%d: %s)\n",
1527 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
1528 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
1529 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
1530 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
1531 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
1532 		(unsigned int)msr & 0xF,
1533 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
1534 	return;
1535 }
1536 
1537 static void
1538 dump_config_tdp(void)
1539 {
1540 	unsigned long long msr;
1541 
1542 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
1543 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1544 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
1545 
1546 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
1547 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1548 	if (msr) {
1549 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1550 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1551 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1552 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1553 	}
1554 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1555 
1556 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
1557 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1558 	if (msr) {
1559 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1560 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1561 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1562 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1563 	}
1564 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1565 
1566 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
1567 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1568 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
1569 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
1570 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1571 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1572 
1573 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
1574 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1575 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
1576 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1577 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1578 }
1579 
1580 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = {1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
1581 
1582 void print_irtl(void)
1583 {
1584 	unsigned long long msr;
1585 
1586 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
1587 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1588 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1589 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1590 
1591 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
1592 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1593 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1594 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1595 
1596 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
1597 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1598 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1599 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1600 
1601 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
1602 		return;
1603 
1604 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
1605 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1606 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1607 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1608 
1609 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
1610 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1611 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1612 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1613 
1614 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
1615 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1616 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1617 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1618 
1619 }
1620 void free_fd_percpu(void)
1621 {
1622 	int i;
1623 
1624 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num + 1; ++i) {
1625 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
1626 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
1627 	}
1628 
1629 	free(fd_percpu);
1630 }
1631 
1632 void free_all_buffers(void)
1633 {
1634 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
1635 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
1636 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
1637 
1638 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
1639 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
1640 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
1641 
1642 	free(thread_even);
1643 	free(core_even);
1644 	free(package_even);
1645 
1646 	thread_even = NULL;
1647 	core_even = NULL;
1648 	package_even = NULL;
1649 
1650 	free(thread_odd);
1651 	free(core_odd);
1652 	free(package_odd);
1653 
1654 	thread_odd = NULL;
1655 	core_odd = NULL;
1656 	package_odd = NULL;
1657 
1658 	free(output_buffer);
1659 	output_buffer = NULL;
1660 	outp = NULL;
1661 
1662 	free_fd_percpu();
1663 
1664 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
1665 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
1666 }
1667 
1668 /*
1669  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1670  */
1671 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1672 {
1673 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1674 	if (!filep)
1675 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1676 	return filep;
1677 }
1678 
1679 /*
1680  * Parse a file containing a single int.
1681  */
1682 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
1683 {
1684 	va_list args;
1685 	char path[PATH_MAX];
1686 	FILE *filep;
1687 	int value;
1688 
1689 	va_start(args, fmt);
1690 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
1691 	va_end(args);
1692 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1693 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
1694 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
1695 	fclose(filep);
1696 	return value;
1697 }
1698 
1699 /*
1700  * get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu)
1701  * return the position of the CPU among its HT siblings in the core
1702  * return -1 if the sibling is not in list
1703  */
1704 int get_cpu_position_in_core(int cpu)
1705 {
1706 	char path[64];
1707 	FILE *filep;
1708 	int this_cpu;
1709 	char character;
1710 	int i;
1711 
1712 	sprintf(path,
1713 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list",
1714 		cpu);
1715 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
1716 	if (filep == NULL) {
1717 		perror(path);
1718 		exit(1);
1719 	}
1720 
1721 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core; i++) {
1722 		fscanf(filep, "%d", &this_cpu);
1723 		if (this_cpu == cpu) {
1724 			fclose(filep);
1725 			return i;
1726 		}
1727 
1728 		/* Account for no separator after last thread*/
1729 		if (i != (topo.num_threads_per_core - 1))
1730 			fscanf(filep, "%c", &character);
1731 	}
1732 
1733 	fclose(filep);
1734 	return -1;
1735 }
1736 
1737 /*
1738  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
1739  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
1740  */
1741 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
1742 {
1743 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
1744 }
1745 
1746 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
1747 {
1748 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
1749 }
1750 
1751 int get_core_id(int cpu)
1752 {
1753 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
1754 }
1755 
1756 int get_num_ht_siblings(int cpu)
1757 {
1758 	char path[80];
1759 	FILE *filep;
1760 	int sib1;
1761 	int matches = 0;
1762 	char character;
1763 	char str[100];
1764 	char *ch;
1765 
1766 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list", cpu);
1767 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1768 
1769 	/*
1770 	 * file format:
1771 	 * A ',' separated or '-' separated set of numbers
1772 	 * (eg 1-2 or 1,3,4,5)
1773 	 */
1774 	fscanf(filep, "%d%c\n", &sib1, &character);
1775 	fseek(filep, 0, SEEK_SET);
1776 	fgets(str, 100, filep);
1777 	ch = strchr(str, character);
1778 	while (ch != NULL) {
1779 		matches++;
1780 		ch = strchr(ch+1, character);
1781 	}
1782 
1783 	fclose(filep);
1784 	return matches+1;
1785 }
1786 
1787 /*
1788  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
1789  * skip non-present cpus
1790  */
1791 
1792 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
1793 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
1794 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
1795 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
1796 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
1797 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
1798 {
1799 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
1800 
1801 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
1802 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
1803 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
1804 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
1805 				struct thread_data *t, *t2;
1806 				struct core_data *c, *c2;
1807 				struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
1808 
1809 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
1810 
1811 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
1812 					continue;
1813 
1814 				t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
1815 
1816 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
1817 				c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, pkg_no);
1818 
1819 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
1820 				p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
1821 
1822 				retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
1823 				if (retval)
1824 					return retval;
1825 			}
1826 		}
1827 	}
1828 	return 0;
1829 }
1830 
1831 /*
1832  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
1833  * return max_cpu number
1834  */
1835 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
1836 {
1837 	FILE *fp;
1838 	int cpu_num;
1839 	int retval;
1840 
1841 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
1842 
1843 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
1844 	if (retval != 0)
1845 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
1846 
1847 	while (1) {
1848 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
1849 		if (retval != 1)
1850 			break;
1851 
1852 		retval = func(cpu_num);
1853 		if (retval) {
1854 			fclose(fp);
1855 			return(retval);
1856 		}
1857 	}
1858 	fclose(fp);
1859 	return 0;
1860 }
1861 
1862 void re_initialize(void)
1863 {
1864 	free_all_buffers();
1865 	setup_all_buffers();
1866 	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
1867 }
1868 
1869 
1870 /*
1871  * count_cpus()
1872  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
1873  */
1874 int count_cpus(int cpu)
1875 {
1876 	if (topo.max_cpu_num < cpu)
1877 		topo.max_cpu_num = cpu;
1878 
1879 	topo.num_cpus += 1;
1880 	return 0;
1881 }
1882 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
1883 {
1884 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
1885 	return 0;
1886 }
1887 
1888 /*
1889  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
1890  *
1891  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
1892  *
1893  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
1894  */
1895 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
1896 {
1897 	static FILE *fp;
1898 	int column, retval;
1899 
1900 	if (fp == NULL)
1901 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
1902 	else
1903 		rewind(fp);
1904 
1905 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
1906 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
1907 		int cpu_number;
1908 
1909 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
1910 		if (retval != 1)
1911 			break;
1912 
1913 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
1914 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
1915 			return 1;
1916 		}
1917 
1918 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
1919 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
1920 	}
1921 
1922 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
1923 	while (1) {
1924 		int column;
1925 		char buf[64];
1926 
1927 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
1928 		if (retval != 1)
1929 			break;
1930 
1931 		/* read the count per cpu */
1932 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
1933 
1934 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
1935 
1936 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
1937 			if (retval != 1)
1938 				break;
1939 
1940 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
1941 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
1942 
1943 		}
1944 
1945 		while (getc(fp) != '\n')
1946 			;	/* flush interrupt description */
1947 
1948 	}
1949 	return 0;
1950 }
1951 /*
1952  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
1953  *
1954  * record snapshot of
1955  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
1956  *
1957  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
1958  */
1959 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
1960 {
1961 	FILE *fp;
1962 	int retval;
1963 
1964 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
1965 
1966 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
1967 	if (retval != 1)
1968 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
1969 
1970 	fclose(fp);
1971 
1972 	return 0;
1973 }
1974 /*
1975  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
1976  *
1977  * record snapshot of
1978  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
1979  *
1980  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
1981  */
1982 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
1983 {
1984 	static FILE *fp;
1985 	int retval;
1986 
1987 	if (fp == NULL)
1988 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
1989 	else
1990 		rewind(fp);
1991 
1992 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
1993 	if (retval != 1)
1994 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
1995 
1996 	return 0;
1997 }
1998 
1999 /*
2000  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
2001  *
2002  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
2003  */
2004 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
2005 {
2006 	if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
2007 		return 1;
2008 
2009 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms)
2010 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
2011 
2012 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
2013 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
2014 
2015 	return 0;
2016 }
2017 
2018 void turbostat_loop()
2019 {
2020 	int retval;
2021 	int restarted = 0;
2022 
2023 restart:
2024 	restarted++;
2025 
2026 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
2027 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2028 	if (retval < -1) {
2029 		exit(retval);
2030 	} else if (retval == -1) {
2031 		if (restarted > 1) {
2032 			exit(retval);
2033 		}
2034 		re_initialize();
2035 		goto restart;
2036 	}
2037 	restarted = 0;
2038 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2039 
2040 	while (1) {
2041 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
2042 			re_initialize();
2043 			goto restart;
2044 		}
2045 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2046 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2047 			goto restart;
2048 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
2049 		if (retval < -1) {
2050 			exit(retval);
2051 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2052 			re_initialize();
2053 			goto restart;
2054 		}
2055 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2056 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
2057 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) {
2058 			re_initialize();
2059 			goto restart;
2060 		}
2061 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2062 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2063 		flush_output_stdout();
2064 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2065 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2066 			goto restart;
2067 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2068 		if (retval < -1) {
2069 			exit(retval);
2070 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2071 			re_initialize();
2072 			goto restart;
2073 		}
2074 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2075 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
2076 		if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) {
2077 			re_initialize();
2078 			goto restart;
2079 		}
2080 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
2081 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
2082 		flush_output_stdout();
2083 	}
2084 }
2085 
2086 void check_dev_msr()
2087 {
2088 	struct stat sb;
2089 	char pathname[32];
2090 
2091 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2092 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
2093  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
2094 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
2095 }
2096 
2097 void check_permissions()
2098 {
2099 	struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_header_data;
2100 	cap_user_header_t cap_header = &cap_header_data;
2101 	struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data_data;
2102 	cap_user_data_t cap_data = &cap_data_data;
2103 	extern int capget(cap_user_header_t hdrp, cap_user_data_t datap);
2104 	int do_exit = 0;
2105 	char pathname[32];
2106 
2107 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
2108 	cap_header->pid = getpid();
2109 	cap_header->version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION;
2110 	if (capget(cap_header, cap_data) < 0)
2111 		err(-6, "capget(2) failed");
2112 
2113 	if ((cap_data->effective & (1 << CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) == 0) {
2114 		do_exit++;
2115 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
2116 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
2117 	}
2118 
2119 	/* test file permissions */
2120 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2121 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
2122 		do_exit++;
2123 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
2124 	}
2125 
2126 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
2127 	if (do_exit)
2128 		if (getuid() != 0)
2129 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
2130 
2131 	if (do_exit)
2132 		exit(-6);
2133 }
2134 
2135 /*
2136  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
2137  *
2138  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
2139  *
2140  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
2141  * MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL     0x000000e2
2142  *
2143  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
2144  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
2145  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
2146  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
2147  *
2148  * Side effect:
2149  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL
2150  */
2151 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2152 {
2153 	unsigned long long msr;
2154 	unsigned int base_ratio;
2155 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
2156 
2157 	if (!genuine_intel)
2158 		return 0;
2159 
2160 	if (family != 6)
2161 		return 0;
2162 
2163 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
2164 
2165 	switch (model) {
2166 	case 0x1A:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
2167 	case 0x1E:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
2168 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
2169 	case 0x25:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
2170 	case 0x2C:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
2171 	case 0x2E:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2172 	case 0x2F:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2173 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
2174 		break;
2175 	case 0x2A:	/* SNB */
2176 	case 0x2D:	/* SNB Xeon */
2177 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
2178 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
2179 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
2180 		break;
2181 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2182 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2183 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2184 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2185 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2186 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2187 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2188 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2189 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2190 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2191 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2192 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2193 	case 0x55:	/* SKX */
2194 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
2195 		break;
2196 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
2197 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
2198 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
2199 		break;
2200 	case 0x4C:	/* AMT */
2201 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2202 		break;
2203 	case 0x57:	/* PHI */
2204 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
2205 		break;
2206 	case 0x5C:	/* BXT */
2207 	case 0x5F:	/* DNV */
2208 		pkg_cstate_limits = bxt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2209 		break;
2210 	default:
2211 		return 0;
2212 	}
2213 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr);
2214 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
2215 
2216 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2217 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2218 
2219 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
2220 	has_base_hz = 1;
2221 	return 1;
2222 }
2223 int has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2224 {
2225 	switch (model) {
2226 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
2227 	case 0x2E:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2228 	case 0x2F:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2229 	case 0x57:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
2230 		return 0;
2231 	default:
2232 		return 1;
2233 	}
2234 }
2235 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2236 {
2237 	if (!genuine_intel)
2238 		return 0;
2239 
2240 	if (family != 6)
2241 		return 0;
2242 
2243 	switch (model) {
2244 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
2245 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW Xeon */
2246 		return 1;
2247 	default:
2248 		return 0;
2249 	}
2250 }
2251 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2252 {
2253 	if (!genuine_intel)
2254 		return 0;
2255 
2256 	if (family != 6)
2257 		return 0;
2258 
2259 	switch (model) {
2260 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW Xeon */
2261 		return 1;
2262 	default:
2263 		return 0;
2264 	}
2265 }
2266 
2267 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2268 {
2269 	if (!genuine_intel)
2270 		return 0;
2271 
2272 	if (family != 6)
2273 		return 0;
2274 
2275 	switch (model) {
2276 	case 0x57:	/* Knights Landing */
2277 		return 1;
2278 	default:
2279 		return 0;
2280 	}
2281 }
2282 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2283 {
2284 	if (!genuine_intel)
2285 		return 0;
2286 
2287 	if (family != 6)
2288 		return 0;
2289 
2290 	switch (model) {
2291 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
2292 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2293 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2294 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2295 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2296 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2297 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2298 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2299 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2300 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2301 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2302 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2303 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2304 	case 0x55:	/* SKX */
2305 
2306 	case 0x57:	/* Knights Landing */
2307 		return 1;
2308 	default:
2309 		return 0;
2310 	}
2311 }
2312 
2313 static void
2314 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2315 {
2316 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
2317 		return;
2318 
2319 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
2320 
2321 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2322 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
2323 
2324 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2325 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
2326 
2327 	if (has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2328 		dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits();
2329 
2330 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2331 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
2332 
2333 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
2334 		dump_config_tdp();
2335 
2336 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
2337 }
2338 
2339 
2340 /*
2341  * print_epb()
2342  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
2343  */
2344 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2345 {
2346 	unsigned long long msr;
2347 	char *epb_string;
2348 	int cpu;
2349 
2350 	if (!has_epb)
2351 		return 0;
2352 
2353 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2354 
2355 	/* EPB is per-package */
2356 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2357 		return 0;
2358 
2359 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2360 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2361 		return -1;
2362 	}
2363 
2364 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr))
2365 		return 0;
2366 
2367 	switch (msr & 0xF) {
2368 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
2369 		epb_string = "performance";
2370 		break;
2371 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
2372 		epb_string = "balanced";
2373 		break;
2374 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
2375 		epb_string = "powersave";
2376 		break;
2377 	default:
2378 		epb_string = "custom";
2379 		break;
2380 	}
2381 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x%08llx (%s)\n", cpu, msr, epb_string);
2382 
2383 	return 0;
2384 }
2385 /*
2386  * print_hwp()
2387  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
2388  */
2389 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2390 {
2391 	unsigned long long msr;
2392 	int cpu;
2393 
2394 	if (!has_hwp)
2395 		return 0;
2396 
2397 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2398 
2399 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
2400 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2401 		return 0;
2402 
2403 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2404 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2405 		return -1;
2406 	}
2407 
2408 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
2409 		return 0;
2410 
2411 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
2412 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
2413 
2414 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
2415 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
2416 		return 0;
2417 
2418 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
2419 		return 0;
2420 
2421 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
2422 			"(high 0x%x guar 0x%x eff 0x%x low 0x%x)\n",
2423 			cpu, msr,
2424 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
2425 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
2426 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
2427 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
2428 
2429 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
2430 		return 0;
2431 
2432 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
2433 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
2434 			cpu, msr,
2435 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2436 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2437 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2438 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2439 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
2440 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
2441 
2442 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
2443 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
2444 			return 0;
2445 
2446 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
2447 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
2448 			cpu, msr,
2449 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2450 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2451 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2452 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2453 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
2454 	}
2455 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
2456 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2457 			return 0;
2458 
2459 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
2460 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
2461 			cpu, msr,
2462 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
2463 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
2464 	}
2465 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
2466 		return 0;
2467 
2468 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
2469 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
2470 			cpu, msr,
2471 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
2472 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
2473 
2474 	return 0;
2475 }
2476 
2477 /*
2478  * print_perf_limit()
2479  */
2480 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2481 {
2482 	unsigned long long msr;
2483 	int cpu;
2484 
2485 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2486 
2487 	/* per-package */
2488 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2489 		return 0;
2490 
2491 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2492 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2493 		return -1;
2494 	}
2495 
2496 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
2497 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2498 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2499 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2500 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
2501 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
2502 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2503 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2504 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2505 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2506 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2507 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2508 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2509 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2510 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2511 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
2512 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2513 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2514 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2515 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
2516 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
2517 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2518 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2519 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2520 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2521 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2522 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2523 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2524 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2525 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2526 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
2527 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2528 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2529 
2530 	}
2531 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
2532 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2533 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2534 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2535 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2536 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2537 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2538 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2539 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2540 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2541 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2542 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2543 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2544 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2545 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2546 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2547 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2548 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2549 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2550 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2551 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2552 	}
2553 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
2554 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2555 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2556 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2557 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2558 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2559 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2560 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2561 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2562 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2563 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2564 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2565 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2566 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2567 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2568 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2569 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2570 	}
2571 	return 0;
2572 }
2573 
2574 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
2575 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
2576 
2577 double get_tdp(unsigned int model)
2578 {
2579 	unsigned long long msr;
2580 
2581 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
2582 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2583 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
2584 
2585 	switch (model) {
2586 	case 0x37:
2587 	case 0x4D:
2588 		return 30.0;
2589 	default:
2590 		return 135.0;
2591 	}
2592 }
2593 
2594 /*
2595  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
2596  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
2597  */
2598 static double
2599 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
2600 {
2601 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
2602 
2603 	switch (model) {
2604 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2605 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2606 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2607 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
2608 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
2609 	default:
2610 		return (rapl_energy_units);
2611 	}
2612 }
2613 
2614 
2615 /*
2616  * rapl_probe()
2617  *
2618  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
2619  */
2620 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2621 {
2622 	unsigned long long msr;
2623 	unsigned int time_unit;
2624 	double tdp;
2625 
2626 	if (!genuine_intel)
2627 		return;
2628 
2629 	if (family != 6)
2630 		return;
2631 
2632 	switch (model) {
2633 	case 0x2A:
2634 	case 0x3A:
2635 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2636 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2637 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2638 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2639 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2640 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2641 		break;
2642 	case 0x5C:	/* BXT */
2643 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2644 		break;
2645 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2646 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2647 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2648 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2649 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2650 		break;
2651 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2652 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2653 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2654 	case 0x55:	/* SKX */
2655 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
2656 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2657 		break;
2658 	case 0x2D:
2659 	case 0x3E:
2660 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2661 		break;
2662 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
2663 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
2664 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
2665 		break;
2666 	case 0x5f:	/* DNV */
2667 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_CORES_ENERGY_STATUS;
2668 		break;
2669 	default:
2670 		return;
2671 	}
2672 
2673 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
2674 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
2675 		return;
2676 
2677 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
2678 	if (model == 0x37)
2679 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
2680 	else
2681 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
2682 
2683 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
2684 
2685 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
2686 	if (time_unit == 0)
2687 		time_unit = 0xA;
2688 
2689 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
2690 
2691 	tdp = get_tdp(model);
2692 
2693 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
2694 	if (debug)
2695 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
2696 
2697 	return;
2698 }
2699 
2700 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2701 {
2702 	if (!genuine_intel)
2703 		return;
2704 
2705 	if (family != 6)
2706 		return;
2707 
2708 	switch (model) {
2709 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2710 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2711 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2712 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2713 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2714 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2715 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2716 	default:
2717 		return;
2718 	}
2719 }
2720 
2721 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2722 {
2723 	unsigned long long msr;
2724 	unsigned int dts;
2725 	int cpu;
2726 
2727 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
2728 		return 0;
2729 
2730 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2731 
2732 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
2733 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
2734 		return 0;
2735 
2736 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2737 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2738 		return -1;
2739 	}
2740 
2741 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
2742 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2743 			return 0;
2744 
2745 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2746 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
2747 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
2748 
2749 #ifdef	THERM_DEBUG
2750 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2751 			return 0;
2752 
2753 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2754 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
2755 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
2756 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
2757 #endif
2758 	}
2759 
2760 
2761 	if (do_dts) {
2762 		unsigned int resolution;
2763 
2764 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2765 			return 0;
2766 
2767 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2768 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
2769 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
2770 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
2771 
2772 #ifdef THERM_DEBUG
2773 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2774 			return 0;
2775 
2776 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2777 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
2778 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
2779 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
2780 #endif
2781 	}
2782 
2783 	return 0;
2784 }
2785 
2786 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
2787 {
2788 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
2789 		cpu, label,
2790 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
2791 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
2792 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
2793 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
2794 
2795 	return;
2796 }
2797 
2798 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2799 {
2800 	unsigned long long msr;
2801 	int cpu;
2802 
2803 	if (!do_rapl)
2804 		return 0;
2805 
2806 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
2807 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2808 		return 0;
2809 
2810 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2811 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2812 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2813 		return -1;
2814 	}
2815 
2816 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
2817 		return -1;
2818 
2819 	if (debug) {
2820 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x%08llx "
2821 			"(%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr,
2822 			rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
2823 	}
2824 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
2825 
2826 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2827                 	return -5;
2828 
2829 
2830 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
2831 			cpu, msr,
2832 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2833 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2834 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2835 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
2836 
2837 	}
2838 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
2839 
2840 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2841 			return -9;
2842 
2843 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2844 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2845 
2846 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
2847 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
2848 			cpu,
2849 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
2850 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
2851 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
2852 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
2853 	}
2854 
2855 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
2856 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2857                 	return -6;
2858 
2859 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
2860 			cpu, msr,
2861 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2862 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2863 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2864 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
2865 	}
2866 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
2867 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2868 			return -9;
2869 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2870 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2871 
2872 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
2873 	}
2874 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
2875 		if (debug) {
2876 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
2877 				return -7;
2878 
2879 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
2880 		}
2881 	}
2882 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES_POWER_LIMIT) {
2883 		if (debug) {
2884 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2885 				return -9;
2886 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2887 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2888 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
2889 		}
2890 	}
2891 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
2892 		if (debug) {
2893 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
2894 				return -8;
2895 
2896 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
2897 
2898 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2899 				return -9;
2900 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2901 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2902 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
2903 		}
2904 	}
2905 	return 0;
2906 }
2907 
2908 /*
2909  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
2910  *
2911  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
2912  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
2913  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
2914  */
2915 
2916 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2917 {
2918 	if (!genuine_intel)
2919 		return 0;
2920 
2921 	switch (model) {
2922 	case 0x2A:
2923 	case 0x2D:
2924 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
2925 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
2926 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2927 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW */
2928 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2929 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2930 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2931 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2932 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2933 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2934 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2935 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2936 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2937 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2938 	case 0x55:	/* SKX */
2939 	case 0x5C:	/* BXT */
2940 		return 1;
2941 	}
2942 	return 0;
2943 }
2944 
2945 /*
2946  * HSW adds support for additional MSRs:
2947  *
2948  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
2949  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
2950  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
2951  *
2952  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
2953  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
2954  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
2955  *
2956  */
2957 int has_hsw_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2958 {
2959 	if (!genuine_intel)
2960 		return 0;
2961 
2962 	switch (model) {
2963 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2964 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2965 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2966 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2967 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2968 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2969 	case 0x5C:	/* BXT */
2970 		return 1;
2971 	}
2972 	return 0;
2973 }
2974 
2975 /*
2976  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
2977  *
2978  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
2979  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
2980  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
2981  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
2982  */
2983 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2984 {
2985 	if (!genuine_intel)
2986 		return 0;
2987 
2988 	switch (model) {
2989 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2990 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2991 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2992 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2993 		return 1;
2994 	}
2995 	return 0;
2996 }
2997 
2998 
2999 
3000 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3001 {
3002 	if (!genuine_intel)
3003 		return 0;
3004 	switch (model) {
3005 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
3006 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
3007 		return 1;
3008 	}
3009 	return 0;
3010 }
3011 
3012 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3013 {
3014 	if (!genuine_intel)
3015 		return 0;
3016 	switch (model) {
3017 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
3018 		return 1;
3019 	}
3020 	return 0;
3021 }
3022 
3023 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3024 {
3025 	if (is_knl(family, model))
3026 		return 1024;
3027 	return 1;
3028 }
3029 
3030 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
3031 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
3032 
3033 double slm_bclk(void)
3034 {
3035 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
3036 	unsigned int i;
3037 	double freq;
3038 
3039 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
3040 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
3041 
3042 	i = msr & 0xf;
3043 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
3044 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
3045 		i = 3;
3046 	}
3047 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
3048 
3049 	fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
3050 
3051 	return freq;
3052 }
3053 
3054 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3055 {
3056 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
3057 		return 100.00;
3058 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
3059 		return slm_bclk();
3060 	else
3061 		return 133.33;
3062 }
3063 
3064 /*
3065  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
3066  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
3067  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
3068  *
3069  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
3070  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
3071  *
3072  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
3073  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
3074  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
3075  */
3076 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3077 {
3078 	unsigned long long msr;
3079 	unsigned int target_c_local;
3080 	int cpu;
3081 
3082 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
3083 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3084 		return 0;
3085 
3086 	/* this is a per-package concept */
3087 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3088 		return 0;
3089 
3090 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3091 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3092 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3093 		return -1;
3094 	}
3095 
3096 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
3097 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
3098 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n",
3099 			cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3100 		return 0;
3101 	}
3102 
3103 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
3104 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3105 		goto guess;
3106 
3107 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
3108 		goto guess;
3109 
3110 	target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
3111 
3112 	if (debug)
3113 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3114 			cpu, msr, target_c_local);
3115 
3116 	if (!target_c_local)
3117 		goto guess;
3118 
3119 	tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local;
3120 
3121 	return 0;
3122 
3123 guess:
3124 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
3125 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n",
3126 		cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3127 
3128 	return 0;
3129 }
3130 
3131 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
3132 {
3133 	unsigned long long msr;
3134 
3135 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
3136 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
3137 			base_cpu, msr,
3138 			msr & FEATURE_CONTROL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-",
3139 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
3140 }
3141 
3142 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
3143 {
3144 	unsigned long long msr;
3145 
3146 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
3147 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%s %s %s)\n",
3148 			base_cpu, msr,
3149 			msr & (1 << 3) ? "TCC" : "",
3150 			msr & (1 << 16) ? "EIST" : "",
3151 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "MONITOR" : "");
3152 }
3153 
3154 /*
3155  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
3156  *
3157  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
3158  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
3159  * bit[1] less so...
3160  */
3161 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
3162 {
3163 	unsigned long long msr;
3164 
3165 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3166 		return;
3167 
3168 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
3169 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB)\n",
3170 			base_cpu, msr,
3171 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
3172 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3173 }
3174 
3175 void process_cpuid()
3176 {
3177 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level, max_extended_level;
3178 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping;
3179 
3180 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3181 
3182 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3183 
3184 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && edx == 0x49656e69 && ecx == 0x6c65746e)
3185 		genuine_intel = 1;
3186 
3187 	if (debug)
3188 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
3189 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
3190 
3191 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
3192 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
3193 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
3194 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
3195 	if (family == 6 || family == 0xf)
3196 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
3197 
3198 	if (debug) {
3199 		fprintf(outf, "%d CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
3200 			max_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
3201 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
3202 			ecx & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
3203 			ecx & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
3204 			ecx & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
3205 			ecx & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
3206 			ecx & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
3207 			edx & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
3208 			edx & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
3209 			edx & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
3210 			edx & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
3211 	}
3212 
3213 	if (!(edx & (1 << 5)))
3214 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
3215 
3216 	/*
3217 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
3218 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
3219 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
3220 	 */
3221 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3222 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3223 
3224 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
3225 
3226 		/*
3227 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
3228 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3229 		 */
3230 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3231 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
3232 	}
3233 
3234 	/*
3235 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
3236 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3237 	 */
3238 
3239 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3240 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
3241 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
3242 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
3243 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
3244 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
3245 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
3246 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
3247 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
3248 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
3249 
3250 	if (debug)
3251 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
3252 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
3253 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
3254 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
3255 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
3256 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
3257 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
3258 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
3259 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
3260 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
3261 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
3262 
3263 	if (debug)
3264 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
3265 
3266 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && debug) {
3267 		int has_sgx;
3268 
3269 		ecx = 0;
3270 
3271 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3272 
3273 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
3274 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
3275 
3276 		if (has_sgx)
3277 			decode_feature_control_msr();
3278 	}
3279 
3280 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
3281 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
3282 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
3283 
3284 		/*
3285 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
3286 		 */
3287 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
3288 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
3289 
3290 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
3291 
3292 			if (debug && (ebx != 0))
3293 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
3294 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
3295 
3296 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
3297 				switch(model) {
3298 				case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
3299 				case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
3300 				case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
3301 				case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
3302 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
3303 					break;
3304 				case 0x55:	/* SKX */
3305 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
3306 					break;
3307 				case 0x5C:	/* BXT */
3308 				case 0x5F:	/* DNV */
3309 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
3310 					break;
3311 				default:
3312 					crystal_hz = 0;
3313 			}
3314 
3315 			if (crystal_hz) {
3316 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
3317 				if (debug)
3318 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
3319 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
3320 			}
3321 		}
3322 	}
3323 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
3324 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
3325 
3326 		/*
3327 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
3328 		 */
3329 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
3330 
3331 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
3332 		if (debug)
3333 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
3334 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
3335 	}
3336 
3337 	if (has_aperf)
3338 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
3339 
3340 	do_nhm_platform_info = do_nhm_cstates = do_smi = probe_nhm_msrs(family, model);
3341 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3342 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3343 	do_pc2 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2);
3344 	do_pc3 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3);
3345 	do_pc6 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6);
3346 	do_pc7 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7);
3347 	do_c8_c9_c10 = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3348 	do_irtl_hsw = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3349 	do_skl_residency = has_skl_msrs(family, model);
3350 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
3351 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
3352 
3353 	if (debug)
3354 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
3355 
3356 	rapl_probe(family, model);
3357 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
3358 
3359 	if (debug)
3360 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
3361 
3362 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
3363 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
3364 
3365 	do_gfx_rc6_ms = !access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK);
3366 
3367 	do_gfx_mhz = !access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK);
3368 
3369 	return;
3370 }
3371 
3372 void help()
3373 {
3374 	fprintf(outf,
3375 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
3376 	"\n"
3377 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
3378 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
3379 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
3380 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
3381 	"--debug	run in \"debug\" mode\n"
3382 	"--interval sec	Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
3383 	"--help		print this help message\n"
3384 	"--counter msr	print 32-bit counter at address \"msr\"\n"
3385 	"--Counter msr	print 64-bit Counter at address \"msr\"\n"
3386 	"--out file	create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
3387 	"--msr msr	print 32-bit value at address \"msr\"\n"
3388 	"--MSR msr	print 64-bit Value at address \"msr\"\n"
3389 	"--version	print version information\n"
3390 	"\n"
3391 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
3392 }
3393 
3394 
3395 /*
3396  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
3397  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
3398  */
3399 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
3400 {
3401 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
3402 		return 1;
3403 	else
3404 		return 0;
3405 }
3406 
3407 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
3408 {
3409 	return 0;
3410 }
3411 
3412 void topology_probe()
3413 {
3414 	int i;
3415 	int max_core_id = 0;
3416 	int max_package_id = 0;
3417 	int max_siblings = 0;
3418 	struct cpu_topology {
3419 		int core_id;
3420 		int physical_package_id;
3421 	} *cpus;
3422 
3423 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
3424 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
3425 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
3426 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
3427 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
3428 		show_cpu = 1;
3429 
3430 	if (debug > 1)
3431 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
3432 
3433 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
3434 	if (cpus == NULL)
3435 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
3436 
3437 	/*
3438 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
3439 	 */
3440 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3441 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
3442 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3443 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3444 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3445 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
3446 
3447 	/*
3448 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
3449 	 */
3450 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3451 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
3452 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3453 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3454 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
3455 
3456 
3457 	/*
3458 	 * For online cpus
3459 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
3460 	 */
3461 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
3462 		int siblings;
3463 
3464 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
3465 			if (debug > 1)
3466 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
3467 			continue;
3468 		}
3469 		cpus[i].core_id = get_core_id(i);
3470 		if (cpus[i].core_id > max_core_id)
3471 			max_core_id = cpus[i].core_id;
3472 
3473 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
3474 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
3475 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
3476 
3477 		siblings = get_num_ht_siblings(i);
3478 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
3479 			max_siblings = siblings;
3480 		if (debug > 1)
3481 			fprintf(outf, "cpu %d pkg %d core %d\n",
3482 				i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].core_id);
3483 	}
3484 	topo.num_cores_per_pkg = max_core_id + 1;
3485 	if (debug > 1)
3486 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
3487 			max_core_id, topo.num_cores_per_pkg);
3488 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_cores_per_pkg > 1)
3489 		show_core = 1;
3490 
3491 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
3492 	if (debug > 1)
3493 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
3494 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
3495 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
3496 		show_pkg = 1;
3497 
3498 	topo.num_threads_per_core = max_siblings;
3499 	if (debug > 1)
3500 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
3501 
3502 	free(cpus);
3503 }
3504 
3505 void
3506 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
3507 {
3508 	int i;
3509 
3510 	*t = calloc(topo.num_threads_per_core * topo.num_cores_per_pkg *
3511 		topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct thread_data));
3512 	if (*t == NULL)
3513 		goto error;
3514 
3515 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core *
3516 		topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3517 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
3518 
3519 	*c = calloc(topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages,
3520 		sizeof(struct core_data));
3521 	if (*c == NULL)
3522 		goto error;
3523 
3524 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3525 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
3526 
3527 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
3528 	if (*p == NULL)
3529 		goto error;
3530 
3531 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
3532 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
3533 
3534 	return;
3535 error:
3536 	err(1, "calloc counters");
3537 }
3538 /*
3539  * init_counter()
3540  *
3541  * set cpu_id, core_num, pkg_num
3542  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
3543  *
3544  * increment topo.num_cores when 1st core in pkg seen
3545  */
3546 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
3547 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int thread_num, int core_num,
3548 	int pkg_num, int cpu_id)
3549 {
3550 	struct thread_data *t;
3551 	struct core_data *c;
3552 	struct pkg_data *p;
3553 
3554 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_num, core_num, pkg_num);
3555 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_num, pkg_num);
3556 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_num);
3557 
3558 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
3559 	if (thread_num == 0) {
3560 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
3561 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
3562 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
3563 	}
3564 
3565 	c->core_id = core_num;
3566 	p->package_id = pkg_num;
3567 }
3568 
3569 
3570 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
3571 {
3572 	int my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id;
3573 
3574 	my_package_id = get_physical_package_id(cpu_id);
3575 	my_core_id = get_core_id(cpu_id);
3576 	my_thread_id = get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu_id);
3577 	if (!my_thread_id)
3578 		topo.num_cores++;
3579 
3580 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
3581 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
3582 	return 0;
3583 }
3584 
3585 void allocate_output_buffer()
3586 {
3587 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 1024);
3588 	outp = output_buffer;
3589 	if (outp == NULL)
3590 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
3591 }
3592 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
3593 {
3594 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
3595 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
3596 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
3597 }
3598 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
3599 {
3600 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
3601 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
3602 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
3603 
3604 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num + 1, sizeof(int));
3605 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
3606 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num + 1);
3607 }
3608 void setup_all_buffers(void)
3609 {
3610 	topology_probe();
3611 	allocate_irq_buffers();
3612 	allocate_fd_percpu();
3613 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
3614 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
3615 	allocate_output_buffer();
3616 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
3617 }
3618 
3619 void set_base_cpu(void)
3620 {
3621 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
3622 	if (base_cpu < 0)
3623 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
3624 
3625 	if (debug > 1)
3626 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
3627 }
3628 
3629 void turbostat_init()
3630 {
3631 	setup_all_buffers();
3632 	set_base_cpu();
3633 	check_dev_msr();
3634 	check_permissions();
3635 	process_cpuid();
3636 
3637 
3638 	if (debug)
3639 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
3640 
3641 	if (debug)
3642 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
3643 
3644 	if (debug)
3645 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
3646 
3647 	if (debug)
3648 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
3649 
3650 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
3651 
3652 	if (debug)
3653 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
3654 
3655 	if (debug && do_irtl_snb)
3656 		print_irtl();
3657 }
3658 
3659 int fork_it(char **argv)
3660 {
3661 	pid_t child_pid;
3662 	int status;
3663 
3664 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3665 	if (status)
3666 		exit(status);
3667 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
3668 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3669 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3670 
3671 	child_pid = fork();
3672 	if (!child_pid) {
3673 		/* child */
3674 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
3675 	} else {
3676 
3677 		/* parent */
3678 		if (child_pid == -1)
3679 			err(1, "fork");
3680 
3681 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
3682 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
3683 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
3684 			err(status, "waitpid");
3685 	}
3686 	/*
3687 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
3688 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
3689 	 */
3690 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3691 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3692 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
3693 	if (for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS))
3694 		fprintf(outf, "%s: Counter reset detected\n", progname);
3695 	else {
3696 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3697 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3698 	}
3699 
3700 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
3701 
3702 	flush_output_stderr();
3703 
3704 	return status;
3705 }
3706 
3707 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
3708 {
3709 	int status;
3710 
3711 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3712 	if (status)
3713 		return status;
3714 
3715 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3716 	if (status)
3717 		return status;
3718 
3719 	flush_output_stdout();
3720 
3721 	return status;
3722 }
3723 
3724 void print_version() {
3725 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 4.14 22 Apr 2016"
3726 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
3727 }
3728 
3729 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
3730 {
3731 	int opt;
3732 	int option_index = 0;
3733 	static struct option long_options[] = {
3734 		{"Counter",	required_argument,	0, 'C'},
3735 		{"counter",	required_argument,	0, 'c'},
3736 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
3737 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},
3738 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
3739 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
3740 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
3741 		{"MSR",		required_argument,	0, 'M'},
3742 		{"msr",		required_argument,	0, 'm'},
3743 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
3744 		{"Package",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
3745 		{"processor",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
3746 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
3747 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
3748 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
3749 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
3750 	};
3751 
3752 	progname = argv[0];
3753 
3754 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Ddhi:JM:m:o:PpST:v",
3755 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
3756 		switch (opt) {
3757 		case 'C':
3758 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_delta_offset64);
3759 			break;
3760 		case 'c':
3761 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_delta_offset32);
3762 			break;
3763 		case 'D':
3764 			dump_only++;
3765 			break;
3766 		case 'd':
3767 			debug++;
3768 			break;
3769 		case 'h':
3770 		default:
3771 			help();
3772 			exit(1);
3773 		case 'i':
3774 			{
3775 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
3776 
3777 				if (interval < 0.001) {
3778 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
3779 						interval);
3780 					exit(2);
3781 				}
3782 
3783 				interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
3784 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
3785 			}
3786 			break;
3787 		case 'J':
3788 			rapl_joules++;
3789 			break;
3790 		case 'M':
3791 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_msr_offset64);
3792 			break;
3793 		case 'm':
3794 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_msr_offset32);
3795 			break;
3796 		case 'o':
3797 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
3798 			break;
3799 		case 'P':
3800 			show_pkg_only++;
3801 			break;
3802 		case 'p':
3803 			show_core_only++;
3804 			break;
3805 		case 'S':
3806 			summary_only++;
3807 			break;
3808 		case 'T':
3809 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
3810 			break;
3811 		case 'v':
3812 			print_version();
3813 			exit(0);
3814 			break;
3815 		}
3816 	}
3817 }
3818 
3819 int main(int argc, char **argv)
3820 {
3821 	outf = stderr;
3822 
3823 	cmdline(argc, argv);
3824 
3825 	if (debug)
3826 		print_version();
3827 
3828 	turbostat_init();
3829 
3830 	/* dump counters and exit */
3831 	if (dump_only)
3832 		return get_and_dump_counters();
3833 
3834 	/*
3835 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
3836 	 */
3837 	if (argc - optind)
3838 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
3839 	else
3840 		turbostat_loop();
3841 
3842 	return 0;
3843 }
3844