xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/bpf/bpftool/prog.c (revision b68fc09be48edbc47de1a0f3d42ef8adf6c0ac55)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Netronome Systems, Inc.
3  *
4  * This software is dual licensed under the GNU General License Version 2,
5  * June 1991 as shown in the file COPYING in the top-level directory of this
6  * source tree or the BSD 2-Clause License provided below.  You have the
7  * option to license this software under the complete terms of either license.
8  *
9  * The BSD 2-Clause License:
10  *
11  *     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
12  *     without modification, are permitted provided that the following
13  *     conditions are met:
14  *
15  *      1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above
16  *         copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
17  *         disclaimer.
18  *
19  *      2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
20  *         copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
21  *         disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
22  *         provided with the distribution.
23  *
24  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
25  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
26  * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
27  * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
28  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
29  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
30  * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
31  * SOFTWARE.
32  */
33 
34 #define _GNU_SOURCE
35 #include <errno.h>
36 #include <fcntl.h>
37 #include <stdarg.h>
38 #include <stdio.h>
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #include <string.h>
41 #include <time.h>
42 #include <unistd.h>
43 #include <net/if.h>
44 #include <sys/types.h>
45 #include <sys/stat.h>
46 
47 #include <linux/err.h>
48 
49 #include <bpf.h>
50 #include <libbpf.h>
51 
52 #include "cfg.h"
53 #include "main.h"
54 #include "xlated_dumper.h"
55 
56 static const char * const prog_type_name[] = {
57 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC]		= "unspec",
58 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER]	= "socket_filter",
59 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE]		= "kprobe",
60 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS]	= "sched_cls",
61 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_ACT]	= "sched_act",
62 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT]	= "tracepoint",
63 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP]		= "xdp",
64 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT]	= "perf_event",
65 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB]	= "cgroup_skb",
66 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK]	= "cgroup_sock",
67 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN]		= "lwt_in",
68 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_OUT]		= "lwt_out",
69 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_XMIT]	= "lwt_xmit",
70 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS]	= "sock_ops",
71 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB]		= "sk_skb",
72 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_DEVICE]	= "cgroup_device",
73 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG]		= "sk_msg",
74 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT]	= "raw_tracepoint",
75 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR] = "cgroup_sock_addr",
76 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LIRC_MODE2]	= "lirc_mode2",
77 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_FLOW_DISSECTOR]	= "flow_dissector",
78 };
79 
80 static void print_boot_time(__u64 nsecs, char *buf, unsigned int size)
81 {
82 	struct timespec real_time_ts, boot_time_ts;
83 	time_t wallclock_secs;
84 	struct tm load_tm;
85 
86 	buf[--size] = '\0';
87 
88 	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &real_time_ts) ||
89 	    clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &boot_time_ts)) {
90 		perror("Can't read clocks");
91 		snprintf(buf, size, "%llu", nsecs / 1000000000);
92 		return;
93 	}
94 
95 	wallclock_secs = (real_time_ts.tv_sec - boot_time_ts.tv_sec) +
96 		(real_time_ts.tv_nsec - boot_time_ts.tv_nsec + nsecs) /
97 		1000000000;
98 
99 
100 	if (!localtime_r(&wallclock_secs, &load_tm)) {
101 		snprintf(buf, size, "%llu", nsecs / 1000000000);
102 		return;
103 	}
104 
105 	if (json_output)
106 		strftime(buf, size, "%s", &load_tm);
107 	else
108 		strftime(buf, size, "%FT%T%z", &load_tm);
109 }
110 
111 static int prog_fd_by_tag(unsigned char *tag)
112 {
113 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
114 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
115 	unsigned int id = 0;
116 	int err;
117 	int fd;
118 
119 	while (true) {
120 		err = bpf_prog_get_next_id(id, &id);
121 		if (err) {
122 			p_err("%s", strerror(errno));
123 			return -1;
124 		}
125 
126 		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
127 		if (fd < 0) {
128 			p_err("can't get prog by id (%u): %s",
129 			      id, strerror(errno));
130 			return -1;
131 		}
132 
133 		err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
134 		if (err) {
135 			p_err("can't get prog info (%u): %s",
136 			      id, strerror(errno));
137 			close(fd);
138 			return -1;
139 		}
140 
141 		if (!memcmp(tag, info.tag, BPF_TAG_SIZE))
142 			return fd;
143 
144 		close(fd);
145 	}
146 }
147 
148 int prog_parse_fd(int *argc, char ***argv)
149 {
150 	int fd;
151 
152 	if (is_prefix(**argv, "id")) {
153 		unsigned int id;
154 		char *endptr;
155 
156 		NEXT_ARGP();
157 
158 		id = strtoul(**argv, &endptr, 0);
159 		if (*endptr) {
160 			p_err("can't parse %s as ID", **argv);
161 			return -1;
162 		}
163 		NEXT_ARGP();
164 
165 		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
166 		if (fd < 0)
167 			p_err("get by id (%u): %s", id, strerror(errno));
168 		return fd;
169 	} else if (is_prefix(**argv, "tag")) {
170 		unsigned char tag[BPF_TAG_SIZE];
171 
172 		NEXT_ARGP();
173 
174 		if (sscanf(**argv, BPF_TAG_FMT, tag, tag + 1, tag + 2,
175 			   tag + 3, tag + 4, tag + 5, tag + 6, tag + 7)
176 		    != BPF_TAG_SIZE) {
177 			p_err("can't parse tag");
178 			return -1;
179 		}
180 		NEXT_ARGP();
181 
182 		return prog_fd_by_tag(tag);
183 	} else if (is_prefix(**argv, "pinned")) {
184 		char *path;
185 
186 		NEXT_ARGP();
187 
188 		path = **argv;
189 		NEXT_ARGP();
190 
191 		return open_obj_pinned_any(path, BPF_OBJ_PROG);
192 	}
193 
194 	p_err("expected 'id', 'tag' or 'pinned', got: '%s'?", **argv);
195 	return -1;
196 }
197 
198 static void show_prog_maps(int fd, u32 num_maps)
199 {
200 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
201 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
202 	__u32 map_ids[num_maps];
203 	unsigned int i;
204 	int err;
205 
206 	info.nr_map_ids = num_maps;
207 	info.map_ids = ptr_to_u64(map_ids);
208 
209 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
210 	if (err || !info.nr_map_ids)
211 		return;
212 
213 	if (json_output) {
214 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "map_ids");
215 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
216 		for (i = 0; i < info.nr_map_ids; i++)
217 			jsonw_uint(json_wtr, map_ids[i]);
218 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
219 	} else {
220 		printf("  map_ids ");
221 		for (i = 0; i < info.nr_map_ids; i++)
222 			printf("%u%s", map_ids[i],
223 			       i == info.nr_map_ids - 1 ? "" : ",");
224 	}
225 }
226 
227 static void print_prog_json(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
228 {
229 	char *memlock;
230 
231 	jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
232 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "id", info->id);
233 	if (info->type < ARRAY_SIZE(prog_type_name))
234 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "type",
235 				   prog_type_name[info->type]);
236 	else
237 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "type", info->type);
238 
239 	if (*info->name)
240 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "name", info->name);
241 
242 	jsonw_name(json_wtr, "tag");
243 	jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "\"" BPF_TAG_FMT "\"",
244 		     info->tag[0], info->tag[1], info->tag[2], info->tag[3],
245 		     info->tag[4], info->tag[5], info->tag[6], info->tag[7]);
246 
247 	jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "gpl_compatible", info->gpl_compatible);
248 
249 	print_dev_json(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
250 
251 	if (info->load_time) {
252 		char buf[32];
253 
254 		print_boot_time(info->load_time, buf, sizeof(buf));
255 
256 		/* Piggy back on load_time, since 0 uid is a valid one */
257 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "loaded_at");
258 		jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "%s", buf);
259 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "uid", info->created_by_uid);
260 	}
261 
262 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_xlated", info->xlated_prog_len);
263 
264 	if (info->jited_prog_len) {
265 		jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "jited", true);
266 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_jited", info->jited_prog_len);
267 	} else {
268 		jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "jited", false);
269 	}
270 
271 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
272 	if (memlock)
273 		jsonw_int_field(json_wtr, "bytes_memlock", atoi(memlock));
274 	free(memlock);
275 
276 	if (info->nr_map_ids)
277 		show_prog_maps(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
278 
279 	if (!hash_empty(prog_table.table)) {
280 		struct pinned_obj *obj;
281 
282 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "pinned");
283 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
284 		hash_for_each_possible(prog_table.table, obj, hash, info->id) {
285 			if (obj->id == info->id)
286 				jsonw_string(json_wtr, obj->path);
287 		}
288 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
289 	}
290 
291 	jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
292 }
293 
294 static void print_prog_plain(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
295 {
296 	char *memlock;
297 
298 	printf("%u: ", info->id);
299 	if (info->type < ARRAY_SIZE(prog_type_name))
300 		printf("%s  ", prog_type_name[info->type]);
301 	else
302 		printf("type %u  ", info->type);
303 
304 	if (*info->name)
305 		printf("name %s  ", info->name);
306 
307 	printf("tag ");
308 	fprint_hex(stdout, info->tag, BPF_TAG_SIZE, "");
309 	print_dev_plain(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
310 	printf("%s", info->gpl_compatible ? "  gpl" : "");
311 	printf("\n");
312 
313 	if (info->load_time) {
314 		char buf[32];
315 
316 		print_boot_time(info->load_time, buf, sizeof(buf));
317 
318 		/* Piggy back on load_time, since 0 uid is a valid one */
319 		printf("\tloaded_at %s  uid %u\n", buf, info->created_by_uid);
320 	}
321 
322 	printf("\txlated %uB", info->xlated_prog_len);
323 
324 	if (info->jited_prog_len)
325 		printf("  jited %uB", info->jited_prog_len);
326 	else
327 		printf("  not jited");
328 
329 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
330 	if (memlock)
331 		printf("  memlock %sB", memlock);
332 	free(memlock);
333 
334 	if (info->nr_map_ids)
335 		show_prog_maps(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
336 
337 	if (!hash_empty(prog_table.table)) {
338 		struct pinned_obj *obj;
339 
340 		printf("\n");
341 		hash_for_each_possible(prog_table.table, obj, hash, info->id) {
342 			if (obj->id == info->id)
343 				printf("\tpinned %s\n", obj->path);
344 		}
345 	}
346 
347 	printf("\n");
348 }
349 
350 static int show_prog(int fd)
351 {
352 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
353 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
354 	int err;
355 
356 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
357 	if (err) {
358 		p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
359 		return -1;
360 	}
361 
362 	if (json_output)
363 		print_prog_json(&info, fd);
364 	else
365 		print_prog_plain(&info, fd);
366 
367 	return 0;
368 }
369 
370 static int do_show(int argc, char **argv)
371 {
372 	__u32 id = 0;
373 	int err;
374 	int fd;
375 
376 	if (show_pinned)
377 		build_pinned_obj_table(&prog_table, BPF_OBJ_PROG);
378 
379 	if (argc == 2) {
380 		fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
381 		if (fd < 0)
382 			return -1;
383 
384 		return show_prog(fd);
385 	}
386 
387 	if (argc)
388 		return BAD_ARG();
389 
390 	if (json_output)
391 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
392 	while (true) {
393 		err = bpf_prog_get_next_id(id, &id);
394 		if (err) {
395 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
396 				err = 0;
397 				break;
398 			}
399 			p_err("can't get next program: %s%s", strerror(errno),
400 			      errno == EINVAL ? " -- kernel too old?" : "");
401 			err = -1;
402 			break;
403 		}
404 
405 		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
406 		if (fd < 0) {
407 			if (errno == ENOENT)
408 				continue;
409 			p_err("can't get prog by id (%u): %s",
410 			      id, strerror(errno));
411 			err = -1;
412 			break;
413 		}
414 
415 		err = show_prog(fd);
416 		close(fd);
417 		if (err)
418 			break;
419 	}
420 
421 	if (json_output)
422 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
423 
424 	return err;
425 }
426 
427 static int do_dump(int argc, char **argv)
428 {
429 	unsigned long *func_ksyms = NULL;
430 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
431 	unsigned int *func_lens = NULL;
432 	unsigned int nr_func_ksyms;
433 	unsigned int nr_func_lens;
434 	struct dump_data dd = {};
435 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
436 	unsigned int buf_size;
437 	char *filepath = NULL;
438 	bool opcodes = false;
439 	bool visual = false;
440 	unsigned char *buf;
441 	__u32 *member_len;
442 	__u64 *member_ptr;
443 	ssize_t n;
444 	int err;
445 	int fd;
446 
447 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "jited")) {
448 		member_len = &info.jited_prog_len;
449 		member_ptr = &info.jited_prog_insns;
450 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "xlated")) {
451 		member_len = &info.xlated_prog_len;
452 		member_ptr = &info.xlated_prog_insns;
453 	} else {
454 		p_err("expected 'xlated' or 'jited', got: %s", *argv);
455 		return -1;
456 	}
457 	NEXT_ARG();
458 
459 	if (argc < 2)
460 		usage();
461 
462 	fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
463 	if (fd < 0)
464 		return -1;
465 
466 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "file")) {
467 		NEXT_ARG();
468 		if (!argc) {
469 			p_err("expected file path");
470 			return -1;
471 		}
472 
473 		filepath = *argv;
474 		NEXT_ARG();
475 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "opcodes")) {
476 		opcodes = true;
477 		NEXT_ARG();
478 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "visual")) {
479 		visual = true;
480 		NEXT_ARG();
481 	}
482 
483 	if (argc) {
484 		usage();
485 		return -1;
486 	}
487 
488 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
489 	if (err) {
490 		p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
491 		return -1;
492 	}
493 
494 	if (!*member_len) {
495 		p_info("no instructions returned");
496 		close(fd);
497 		return 0;
498 	}
499 
500 	buf_size = *member_len;
501 
502 	buf = malloc(buf_size);
503 	if (!buf) {
504 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
505 		close(fd);
506 		return -1;
507 	}
508 
509 	nr_func_ksyms = info.nr_jited_ksyms;
510 	if (nr_func_ksyms) {
511 		func_ksyms = malloc(nr_func_ksyms * sizeof(__u64));
512 		if (!func_ksyms) {
513 			p_err("mem alloc failed");
514 			close(fd);
515 			goto err_free;
516 		}
517 	}
518 
519 	nr_func_lens = info.nr_jited_func_lens;
520 	if (nr_func_lens) {
521 		func_lens = malloc(nr_func_lens * sizeof(__u32));
522 		if (!func_lens) {
523 			p_err("mem alloc failed");
524 			close(fd);
525 			goto err_free;
526 		}
527 	}
528 
529 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
530 
531 	*member_ptr = ptr_to_u64(buf);
532 	*member_len = buf_size;
533 	info.jited_ksyms = ptr_to_u64(func_ksyms);
534 	info.nr_jited_ksyms = nr_func_ksyms;
535 	info.jited_func_lens = ptr_to_u64(func_lens);
536 	info.nr_jited_func_lens = nr_func_lens;
537 
538 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
539 	close(fd);
540 	if (err) {
541 		p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
542 		goto err_free;
543 	}
544 
545 	if (*member_len > buf_size) {
546 		p_err("too many instructions returned");
547 		goto err_free;
548 	}
549 
550 	if (info.nr_jited_ksyms > nr_func_ksyms) {
551 		p_err("too many addresses returned");
552 		goto err_free;
553 	}
554 
555 	if (info.nr_jited_func_lens > nr_func_lens) {
556 		p_err("too many values returned");
557 		goto err_free;
558 	}
559 
560 	if ((member_len == &info.jited_prog_len &&
561 	     info.jited_prog_insns == 0) ||
562 	    (member_len == &info.xlated_prog_len &&
563 	     info.xlated_prog_insns == 0)) {
564 		p_err("error retrieving insn dump: kernel.kptr_restrict set?");
565 		goto err_free;
566 	}
567 
568 	if (filepath) {
569 		fd = open(filepath, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600);
570 		if (fd < 0) {
571 			p_err("can't open file %s: %s", filepath,
572 			      strerror(errno));
573 			goto err_free;
574 		}
575 
576 		n = write(fd, buf, *member_len);
577 		close(fd);
578 		if (n != *member_len) {
579 			p_err("error writing output file: %s",
580 			      n < 0 ? strerror(errno) : "short write");
581 			goto err_free;
582 		}
583 
584 		if (json_output)
585 			jsonw_null(json_wtr);
586 	} else if (member_len == &info.jited_prog_len) {
587 		const char *name = NULL;
588 
589 		if (info.ifindex) {
590 			name = ifindex_to_bfd_name_ns(info.ifindex,
591 						      info.netns_dev,
592 						      info.netns_ino);
593 			if (!name)
594 				goto err_free;
595 		}
596 
597 		if (info.nr_jited_func_lens && info.jited_func_lens) {
598 			struct kernel_sym *sym = NULL;
599 			char sym_name[SYM_MAX_NAME];
600 			unsigned char *img = buf;
601 			__u64 *ksyms = NULL;
602 			__u32 *lens;
603 			__u32 i;
604 
605 			if (info.nr_jited_ksyms) {
606 				kernel_syms_load(&dd);
607 				ksyms = (__u64 *) info.jited_ksyms;
608 			}
609 
610 			if (json_output)
611 				jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
612 
613 			lens = (__u32 *) info.jited_func_lens;
614 			for (i = 0; i < info.nr_jited_func_lens; i++) {
615 				if (ksyms) {
616 					sym = kernel_syms_search(&dd, ksyms[i]);
617 					if (sym)
618 						sprintf(sym_name, "%s", sym->name);
619 					else
620 						sprintf(sym_name, "0x%016llx", ksyms[i]);
621 				} else {
622 					strcpy(sym_name, "unknown");
623 				}
624 
625 				if (json_output) {
626 					jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
627 					jsonw_name(json_wtr, "name");
628 					jsonw_string(json_wtr, sym_name);
629 					jsonw_name(json_wtr, "insns");
630 				} else {
631 					printf("%s:\n", sym_name);
632 				}
633 
634 				disasm_print_insn(img, lens[i], opcodes, name);
635 				img += lens[i];
636 
637 				if (json_output)
638 					jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
639 				else
640 					printf("\n");
641 			}
642 
643 			if (json_output)
644 				jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
645 		} else {
646 			disasm_print_insn(buf, *member_len, opcodes, name);
647 		}
648 	} else if (visual) {
649 		if (json_output)
650 			jsonw_null(json_wtr);
651 		else
652 			dump_xlated_cfg(buf, *member_len);
653 	} else {
654 		kernel_syms_load(&dd);
655 		dd.nr_jited_ksyms = info.nr_jited_ksyms;
656 		dd.jited_ksyms = (__u64 *) info.jited_ksyms;
657 
658 		if (json_output)
659 			dump_xlated_json(&dd, buf, *member_len, opcodes);
660 		else
661 			dump_xlated_plain(&dd, buf, *member_len, opcodes);
662 		kernel_syms_destroy(&dd);
663 	}
664 
665 	free(buf);
666 	free(func_ksyms);
667 	free(func_lens);
668 	return 0;
669 
670 err_free:
671 	free(buf);
672 	free(func_ksyms);
673 	free(func_lens);
674 	return -1;
675 }
676 
677 static int do_pin(int argc, char **argv)
678 {
679 	int err;
680 
681 	err = do_pin_any(argc, argv, bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id);
682 	if (!err && json_output)
683 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
684 	return err;
685 }
686 
687 struct map_replace {
688 	int idx;
689 	int fd;
690 	char *name;
691 };
692 
693 int map_replace_compar(const void *p1, const void *p2)
694 {
695 	const struct map_replace *a = p1, *b = p2;
696 
697 	return a->idx - b->idx;
698 }
699 
700 static int do_load(int argc, char **argv)
701 {
702 	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
703 	struct bpf_object_open_attr attr = {
704 		.prog_type	= BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC,
705 	};
706 	struct map_replace *map_replace = NULL;
707 	unsigned int old_map_fds = 0;
708 	struct bpf_program *prog;
709 	struct bpf_object *obj;
710 	struct bpf_map *map;
711 	const char *pinfile;
712 	unsigned int i, j;
713 	__u32 ifindex = 0;
714 	int idx, err;
715 
716 	if (!REQ_ARGS(2))
717 		return -1;
718 	attr.file = GET_ARG();
719 	pinfile = GET_ARG();
720 
721 	while (argc) {
722 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "type")) {
723 			char *type;
724 
725 			NEXT_ARG();
726 
727 			if (attr.prog_type != BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
728 				p_err("program type already specified");
729 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
730 			}
731 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
732 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
733 
734 			/* Put a '/' at the end of type to appease libbpf */
735 			type = malloc(strlen(*argv) + 2);
736 			if (!type) {
737 				p_err("mem alloc failed");
738 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
739 			}
740 			*type = 0;
741 			strcat(type, *argv);
742 			strcat(type, "/");
743 
744 			err = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(type, &attr.prog_type,
745 						       &expected_attach_type);
746 			free(type);
747 			if (err < 0) {
748 				p_err("unknown program type '%s'", *argv);
749 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
750 			}
751 			NEXT_ARG();
752 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "map")) {
753 			char *endptr, *name;
754 			int fd;
755 
756 			NEXT_ARG();
757 
758 			if (!REQ_ARGS(4))
759 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
760 
761 			if (is_prefix(*argv, "idx")) {
762 				NEXT_ARG();
763 
764 				idx = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
765 				if (*endptr) {
766 					p_err("can't parse %s as IDX", *argv);
767 					goto err_free_reuse_maps;
768 				}
769 				name = NULL;
770 			} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "name")) {
771 				NEXT_ARG();
772 
773 				name = *argv;
774 				idx = -1;
775 			} else {
776 				p_err("expected 'idx' or 'name', got: '%s'?",
777 				      *argv);
778 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
779 			}
780 			NEXT_ARG();
781 
782 			fd = map_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
783 			if (fd < 0)
784 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
785 
786 			map_replace = reallocarray(map_replace, old_map_fds + 1,
787 						   sizeof(*map_replace));
788 			if (!map_replace) {
789 				p_err("mem alloc failed");
790 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
791 			}
792 			map_replace[old_map_fds].idx = idx;
793 			map_replace[old_map_fds].name = name;
794 			map_replace[old_map_fds].fd = fd;
795 			old_map_fds++;
796 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "dev")) {
797 			NEXT_ARG();
798 
799 			if (ifindex) {
800 				p_err("offload device already specified");
801 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
802 			}
803 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
804 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
805 
806 			ifindex = if_nametoindex(*argv);
807 			if (!ifindex) {
808 				p_err("unrecognized netdevice '%s': %s",
809 				      *argv, strerror(errno));
810 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
811 			}
812 			NEXT_ARG();
813 		} else {
814 			p_err("expected no more arguments, 'type', 'map' or 'dev', got: '%s'?",
815 			      *argv);
816 			goto err_free_reuse_maps;
817 		}
818 	}
819 
820 	obj = bpf_object__open_xattr(&attr);
821 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(obj)) {
822 		p_err("failed to open object file");
823 		goto err_free_reuse_maps;
824 	}
825 
826 	prog = bpf_program__next(NULL, obj);
827 	if (!prog) {
828 		p_err("object file doesn't contain any bpf program");
829 		goto err_close_obj;
830 	}
831 
832 	bpf_program__set_ifindex(prog, ifindex);
833 	if (attr.prog_type == BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
834 		const char *sec_name = bpf_program__title(prog, false);
835 
836 		err = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(sec_name, &attr.prog_type,
837 					       &expected_attach_type);
838 		if (err < 0) {
839 			p_err("failed to guess program type based on section name %s\n",
840 			      sec_name);
841 			goto err_close_obj;
842 		}
843 	}
844 	bpf_program__set_type(prog, attr.prog_type);
845 	bpf_program__set_expected_attach_type(prog, expected_attach_type);
846 
847 	qsort(map_replace, old_map_fds, sizeof(*map_replace),
848 	      map_replace_compar);
849 
850 	/* After the sort maps by name will be first on the list, because they
851 	 * have idx == -1.  Resolve them.
852 	 */
853 	j = 0;
854 	while (j < old_map_fds && map_replace[j].name) {
855 		i = 0;
856 		bpf_map__for_each(map, obj) {
857 			if (!strcmp(bpf_map__name(map), map_replace[j].name)) {
858 				map_replace[j].idx = i;
859 				break;
860 			}
861 			i++;
862 		}
863 		if (map_replace[j].idx == -1) {
864 			p_err("unable to find map '%s'", map_replace[j].name);
865 			goto err_close_obj;
866 		}
867 		j++;
868 	}
869 	/* Resort if any names were resolved */
870 	if (j)
871 		qsort(map_replace, old_map_fds, sizeof(*map_replace),
872 		      map_replace_compar);
873 
874 	/* Set ifindex and name reuse */
875 	j = 0;
876 	idx = 0;
877 	bpf_map__for_each(map, obj) {
878 		if (!bpf_map__is_offload_neutral(map))
879 			bpf_map__set_ifindex(map, ifindex);
880 
881 		if (j < old_map_fds && idx == map_replace[j].idx) {
882 			err = bpf_map__reuse_fd(map, map_replace[j++].fd);
883 			if (err) {
884 				p_err("unable to set up map reuse: %d", err);
885 				goto err_close_obj;
886 			}
887 
888 			/* Next reuse wants to apply to the same map */
889 			if (j < old_map_fds && map_replace[j].idx == idx) {
890 				p_err("replacement for map idx %d specified more than once",
891 				      idx);
892 				goto err_close_obj;
893 			}
894 		}
895 
896 		idx++;
897 	}
898 	if (j < old_map_fds) {
899 		p_err("map idx '%d' not used", map_replace[j].idx);
900 		goto err_close_obj;
901 	}
902 
903 	err = bpf_object__load(obj);
904 	if (err) {
905 		p_err("failed to load object file");
906 		goto err_close_obj;
907 	}
908 
909 	if (do_pin_fd(bpf_program__fd(prog), pinfile))
910 		goto err_close_obj;
911 
912 	if (json_output)
913 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
914 
915 	bpf_object__close(obj);
916 	for (i = 0; i < old_map_fds; i++)
917 		close(map_replace[i].fd);
918 	free(map_replace);
919 
920 	return 0;
921 
922 err_close_obj:
923 	bpf_object__close(obj);
924 err_free_reuse_maps:
925 	for (i = 0; i < old_map_fds; i++)
926 		close(map_replace[i].fd);
927 	free(map_replace);
928 	return -1;
929 }
930 
931 static int do_help(int argc, char **argv)
932 {
933 	if (json_output) {
934 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
935 		return 0;
936 	}
937 
938 	fprintf(stderr,
939 		"Usage: %s %s { show | list } [PROG]\n"
940 		"       %s %s dump xlated PROG [{ file FILE | opcodes | visual }]\n"
941 		"       %s %s dump jited  PROG [{ file FILE | opcodes }]\n"
942 		"       %s %s pin   PROG FILE\n"
943 		"       %s %s load  OBJ  FILE [type TYPE] [dev NAME] \\\n"
944 		"                         [map { idx IDX | name NAME } MAP]\n"
945 		"       %s %s help\n"
946 		"\n"
947 		"       " HELP_SPEC_MAP "\n"
948 		"       " HELP_SPEC_PROGRAM "\n"
949 		"       TYPE := { socket | kprobe | kretprobe | classifier | action |\n"
950 		"                 tracepoint | raw_tracepoint | xdp | perf_event | cgroup/skb |\n"
951 		"                 cgroup/sock | cgroup/dev | lwt_in | lwt_out | lwt_xmit |\n"
952 		"                 lwt_seg6local | sockops | sk_skb | sk_msg | lirc_mode2 |\n"
953 		"                 cgroup/bind4 | cgroup/bind6 | cgroup/post_bind4 |\n"
954 		"                 cgroup/post_bind6 | cgroup/connect4 | cgroup/connect6 |\n"
955 		"                 cgroup/sendmsg4 | cgroup/sendmsg6 }\n"
956 		"       " HELP_SPEC_OPTIONS "\n"
957 		"",
958 		bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2],
959 		bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2]);
960 
961 	return 0;
962 }
963 
964 static const struct cmd cmds[] = {
965 	{ "show",	do_show },
966 	{ "list",	do_show },
967 	{ "help",	do_help },
968 	{ "dump",	do_dump },
969 	{ "pin",	do_pin },
970 	{ "load",	do_load },
971 	{ 0 }
972 };
973 
974 int do_prog(int argc, char **argv)
975 {
976 	return cmd_select(cmds, argc, argv, do_help);
977 }
978