xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/bpf/bpftool/prog.c (revision 240e6d25)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
2 /* Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Netronome Systems, Inc. */
3 
4 #define _GNU_SOURCE
5 #include <errno.h>
6 #include <fcntl.h>
7 #include <signal.h>
8 #include <stdarg.h>
9 #include <stdio.h>
10 #include <stdlib.h>
11 #include <string.h>
12 #include <time.h>
13 #include <unistd.h>
14 #include <net/if.h>
15 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
16 #include <sys/types.h>
17 #include <sys/stat.h>
18 #include <sys/syscall.h>
19 #include <dirent.h>
20 
21 #include <linux/err.h>
22 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
23 #include <linux/sizes.h>
24 
25 #include <bpf/bpf.h>
26 #include <bpf/btf.h>
27 #include <bpf/hashmap.h>
28 #include <bpf/libbpf.h>
29 #include <bpf/skel_internal.h>
30 
31 #include "cfg.h"
32 #include "main.h"
33 #include "xlated_dumper.h"
34 
35 #define BPF_METADATA_PREFIX "bpf_metadata_"
36 #define BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN (sizeof(BPF_METADATA_PREFIX) - 1)
37 
38 const char * const prog_type_name[] = {
39 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC]			= "unspec",
40 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER]		= "socket_filter",
41 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE]			= "kprobe",
42 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS]		= "sched_cls",
43 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_ACT]		= "sched_act",
44 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT]		= "tracepoint",
45 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP]			= "xdp",
46 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT]		= "perf_event",
47 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB]		= "cgroup_skb",
48 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK]		= "cgroup_sock",
49 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN]			= "lwt_in",
50 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_OUT]			= "lwt_out",
51 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_XMIT]		= "lwt_xmit",
52 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS]		= "sock_ops",
53 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB]			= "sk_skb",
54 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_DEVICE]		= "cgroup_device",
55 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG]			= "sk_msg",
56 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT]		= "raw_tracepoint",
57 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR]	= "cgroup_sock_addr",
58 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_SEG6LOCAL]		= "lwt_seg6local",
59 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LIRC_MODE2]		= "lirc_mode2",
60 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_REUSEPORT]		= "sk_reuseport",
61 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_FLOW_DISSECTOR]		= "flow_dissector",
62 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SYSCTL]		= "cgroup_sysctl",
63 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT_WRITABLE]	= "raw_tracepoint_writable",
64 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCKOPT]		= "cgroup_sockopt",
65 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING]			= "tracing",
66 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_STRUCT_OPS]		= "struct_ops",
67 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT]			= "ext",
68 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LSM]			= "lsm",
69 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_LOOKUP]		= "sk_lookup",
70 };
71 
72 const size_t prog_type_name_size = ARRAY_SIZE(prog_type_name);
73 
74 enum dump_mode {
75 	DUMP_JITED,
76 	DUMP_XLATED,
77 };
78 
79 static const char * const attach_type_strings[] = {
80 	[BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_PARSER] = "stream_parser",
81 	[BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_VERDICT] = "stream_verdict",
82 	[BPF_SK_SKB_VERDICT] = "skb_verdict",
83 	[BPF_SK_MSG_VERDICT] = "msg_verdict",
84 	[BPF_FLOW_DISSECTOR] = "flow_dissector",
85 	[__MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE] = NULL,
86 };
87 
88 static struct hashmap *prog_table;
89 
90 static enum bpf_attach_type parse_attach_type(const char *str)
91 {
92 	enum bpf_attach_type type;
93 
94 	for (type = 0; type < __MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE; type++) {
95 		if (attach_type_strings[type] &&
96 		    is_prefix(str, attach_type_strings[type]))
97 			return type;
98 	}
99 
100 	return __MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE;
101 }
102 
103 static void print_boot_time(__u64 nsecs, char *buf, unsigned int size)
104 {
105 	struct timespec real_time_ts, boot_time_ts;
106 	time_t wallclock_secs;
107 	struct tm load_tm;
108 
109 	buf[--size] = '\0';
110 
111 	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &real_time_ts) ||
112 	    clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &boot_time_ts)) {
113 		perror("Can't read clocks");
114 		snprintf(buf, size, "%llu", nsecs / 1000000000);
115 		return;
116 	}
117 
118 	wallclock_secs = (real_time_ts.tv_sec - boot_time_ts.tv_sec) +
119 		(real_time_ts.tv_nsec - boot_time_ts.tv_nsec + nsecs) /
120 		1000000000;
121 
122 
123 	if (!localtime_r(&wallclock_secs, &load_tm)) {
124 		snprintf(buf, size, "%llu", nsecs / 1000000000);
125 		return;
126 	}
127 
128 	if (json_output)
129 		strftime(buf, size, "%s", &load_tm);
130 	else
131 		strftime(buf, size, "%FT%T%z", &load_tm);
132 }
133 
134 static void show_prog_maps(int fd, __u32 num_maps)
135 {
136 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
137 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
138 	__u32 map_ids[num_maps];
139 	unsigned int i;
140 	int err;
141 
142 	info.nr_map_ids = num_maps;
143 	info.map_ids = ptr_to_u64(map_ids);
144 
145 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
146 	if (err || !info.nr_map_ids)
147 		return;
148 
149 	if (json_output) {
150 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "map_ids");
151 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
152 		for (i = 0; i < info.nr_map_ids; i++)
153 			jsonw_uint(json_wtr, map_ids[i]);
154 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
155 	} else {
156 		printf("  map_ids ");
157 		for (i = 0; i < info.nr_map_ids; i++)
158 			printf("%u%s", map_ids[i],
159 			       i == info.nr_map_ids - 1 ? "" : ",");
160 	}
161 }
162 
163 static void *find_metadata(int prog_fd, struct bpf_map_info *map_info)
164 {
165 	struct bpf_prog_info prog_info;
166 	__u32 prog_info_len;
167 	__u32 map_info_len;
168 	void *value = NULL;
169 	__u32 *map_ids;
170 	int nr_maps;
171 	int key = 0;
172 	int map_fd;
173 	int ret;
174 	__u32 i;
175 
176 	memset(&prog_info, 0, sizeof(prog_info));
177 	prog_info_len = sizeof(prog_info);
178 	ret = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(prog_fd, &prog_info, &prog_info_len);
179 	if (ret)
180 		return NULL;
181 
182 	if (!prog_info.nr_map_ids)
183 		return NULL;
184 
185 	map_ids = calloc(prog_info.nr_map_ids, sizeof(__u32));
186 	if (!map_ids)
187 		return NULL;
188 
189 	nr_maps = prog_info.nr_map_ids;
190 	memset(&prog_info, 0, sizeof(prog_info));
191 	prog_info.nr_map_ids = nr_maps;
192 	prog_info.map_ids = ptr_to_u64(map_ids);
193 	prog_info_len = sizeof(prog_info);
194 
195 	ret = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(prog_fd, &prog_info, &prog_info_len);
196 	if (ret)
197 		goto free_map_ids;
198 
199 	for (i = 0; i < prog_info.nr_map_ids; i++) {
200 		map_fd = bpf_map_get_fd_by_id(map_ids[i]);
201 		if (map_fd < 0)
202 			goto free_map_ids;
203 
204 		memset(map_info, 0, sizeof(*map_info));
205 		map_info_len = sizeof(*map_info);
206 		ret = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(map_fd, map_info, &map_info_len);
207 		if (ret < 0) {
208 			close(map_fd);
209 			goto free_map_ids;
210 		}
211 
212 		if (map_info->type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY ||
213 		    map_info->key_size != sizeof(int) ||
214 		    map_info->max_entries != 1 ||
215 		    !map_info->btf_value_type_id ||
216 		    !strstr(map_info->name, ".rodata")) {
217 			close(map_fd);
218 			continue;
219 		}
220 
221 		value = malloc(map_info->value_size);
222 		if (!value) {
223 			close(map_fd);
224 			goto free_map_ids;
225 		}
226 
227 		if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, value)) {
228 			close(map_fd);
229 			free(value);
230 			value = NULL;
231 			goto free_map_ids;
232 		}
233 
234 		close(map_fd);
235 		break;
236 	}
237 
238 free_map_ids:
239 	free(map_ids);
240 	return value;
241 }
242 
243 static bool has_metadata_prefix(const char *s)
244 {
245 	return strncmp(s, BPF_METADATA_PREFIX, BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN) == 0;
246 }
247 
248 static void show_prog_metadata(int fd, __u32 num_maps)
249 {
250 	const struct btf_type *t_datasec, *t_var;
251 	struct bpf_map_info map_info;
252 	struct btf_var_secinfo *vsi;
253 	bool printed_header = false;
254 	unsigned int i, vlen;
255 	void *value = NULL;
256 	const char *name;
257 	struct btf *btf;
258 	int err;
259 
260 	if (!num_maps)
261 		return;
262 
263 	memset(&map_info, 0, sizeof(map_info));
264 	value = find_metadata(fd, &map_info);
265 	if (!value)
266 		return;
267 
268 	btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(map_info.btf_id);
269 	if (libbpf_get_error(btf))
270 		goto out_free;
271 
272 	t_datasec = btf__type_by_id(btf, map_info.btf_value_type_id);
273 	if (!btf_is_datasec(t_datasec))
274 		goto out_free;
275 
276 	vlen = btf_vlen(t_datasec);
277 	vsi = btf_var_secinfos(t_datasec);
278 
279 	/* We don't proceed to check the kinds of the elements of the DATASEC.
280 	 * The verifier enforces them to be BTF_KIND_VAR.
281 	 */
282 
283 	if (json_output) {
284 		struct btf_dumper d = {
285 			.btf = btf,
286 			.jw = json_wtr,
287 			.is_plain_text = false,
288 		};
289 
290 		for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, vsi++) {
291 			t_var = btf__type_by_id(btf, vsi->type);
292 			name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t_var->name_off);
293 
294 			if (!has_metadata_prefix(name))
295 				continue;
296 
297 			if (!printed_header) {
298 				jsonw_name(json_wtr, "metadata");
299 				jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
300 				printed_header = true;
301 			}
302 
303 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, name + BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN);
304 			err = btf_dumper_type(&d, t_var->type, value + vsi->offset);
305 			if (err) {
306 				p_err("btf dump failed: %d", err);
307 				break;
308 			}
309 		}
310 		if (printed_header)
311 			jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
312 	} else {
313 		json_writer_t *btf_wtr;
314 		struct btf_dumper d = {
315 			.btf = btf,
316 			.is_plain_text = true,
317 		};
318 
319 		for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, vsi++) {
320 			t_var = btf__type_by_id(btf, vsi->type);
321 			name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t_var->name_off);
322 
323 			if (!has_metadata_prefix(name))
324 				continue;
325 
326 			if (!printed_header) {
327 				printf("\tmetadata:");
328 
329 				btf_wtr = jsonw_new(stdout);
330 				if (!btf_wtr) {
331 					p_err("jsonw alloc failed");
332 					goto out_free;
333 				}
334 				d.jw = btf_wtr,
335 
336 				printed_header = true;
337 			}
338 
339 			printf("\n\t\t%s = ", name + BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN);
340 
341 			jsonw_reset(btf_wtr);
342 			err = btf_dumper_type(&d, t_var->type, value + vsi->offset);
343 			if (err) {
344 				p_err("btf dump failed: %d", err);
345 				break;
346 			}
347 		}
348 		if (printed_header)
349 			jsonw_destroy(&btf_wtr);
350 	}
351 
352 out_free:
353 	btf__free(btf);
354 	free(value);
355 }
356 
357 static void print_prog_header_json(struct bpf_prog_info *info)
358 {
359 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "id", info->id);
360 	if (info->type < ARRAY_SIZE(prog_type_name))
361 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "type",
362 				   prog_type_name[info->type]);
363 	else
364 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "type", info->type);
365 
366 	if (*info->name)
367 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "name", info->name);
368 
369 	jsonw_name(json_wtr, "tag");
370 	jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "\"" BPF_TAG_FMT "\"",
371 		     info->tag[0], info->tag[1], info->tag[2], info->tag[3],
372 		     info->tag[4], info->tag[5], info->tag[6], info->tag[7]);
373 
374 	jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "gpl_compatible", info->gpl_compatible);
375 	if (info->run_time_ns) {
376 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "run_time_ns", info->run_time_ns);
377 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "run_cnt", info->run_cnt);
378 	}
379 	if (info->recursion_misses)
380 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "recursion_misses", info->recursion_misses);
381 }
382 
383 static void print_prog_json(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
384 {
385 	char *memlock;
386 
387 	jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
388 	print_prog_header_json(info);
389 	print_dev_json(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
390 
391 	if (info->load_time) {
392 		char buf[32];
393 
394 		print_boot_time(info->load_time, buf, sizeof(buf));
395 
396 		/* Piggy back on load_time, since 0 uid is a valid one */
397 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "loaded_at");
398 		jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "%s", buf);
399 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "uid", info->created_by_uid);
400 	}
401 
402 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_xlated", info->xlated_prog_len);
403 
404 	if (info->jited_prog_len) {
405 		jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "jited", true);
406 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_jited", info->jited_prog_len);
407 	} else {
408 		jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "jited", false);
409 	}
410 
411 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
412 	if (memlock)
413 		jsonw_int_field(json_wtr, "bytes_memlock", atoi(memlock));
414 	free(memlock);
415 
416 	if (info->nr_map_ids)
417 		show_prog_maps(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
418 
419 	if (info->btf_id)
420 		jsonw_int_field(json_wtr, "btf_id", info->btf_id);
421 
422 	if (!hashmap__empty(prog_table)) {
423 		struct hashmap_entry *entry;
424 
425 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "pinned");
426 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
427 		hashmap__for_each_key_entry(prog_table, entry,
428 					    u32_as_hash_field(info->id))
429 			jsonw_string(json_wtr, entry->value);
430 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
431 	}
432 
433 	emit_obj_refs_json(refs_table, info->id, json_wtr);
434 
435 	show_prog_metadata(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
436 
437 	jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
438 }
439 
440 static void print_prog_header_plain(struct bpf_prog_info *info)
441 {
442 	printf("%u: ", info->id);
443 	if (info->type < ARRAY_SIZE(prog_type_name))
444 		printf("%s  ", prog_type_name[info->type]);
445 	else
446 		printf("type %u  ", info->type);
447 
448 	if (*info->name)
449 		printf("name %s  ", info->name);
450 
451 	printf("tag ");
452 	fprint_hex(stdout, info->tag, BPF_TAG_SIZE, "");
453 	print_dev_plain(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
454 	printf("%s", info->gpl_compatible ? "  gpl" : "");
455 	if (info->run_time_ns)
456 		printf(" run_time_ns %lld run_cnt %lld",
457 		       info->run_time_ns, info->run_cnt);
458 	if (info->recursion_misses)
459 		printf(" recursion_misses %lld", info->recursion_misses);
460 	printf("\n");
461 }
462 
463 static void print_prog_plain(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
464 {
465 	char *memlock;
466 
467 	print_prog_header_plain(info);
468 
469 	if (info->load_time) {
470 		char buf[32];
471 
472 		print_boot_time(info->load_time, buf, sizeof(buf));
473 
474 		/* Piggy back on load_time, since 0 uid is a valid one */
475 		printf("\tloaded_at %s  uid %u\n", buf, info->created_by_uid);
476 	}
477 
478 	printf("\txlated %uB", info->xlated_prog_len);
479 
480 	if (info->jited_prog_len)
481 		printf("  jited %uB", info->jited_prog_len);
482 	else
483 		printf("  not jited");
484 
485 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
486 	if (memlock)
487 		printf("  memlock %sB", memlock);
488 	free(memlock);
489 
490 	if (info->nr_map_ids)
491 		show_prog_maps(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
492 
493 	if (!hashmap__empty(prog_table)) {
494 		struct hashmap_entry *entry;
495 
496 		hashmap__for_each_key_entry(prog_table, entry,
497 					    u32_as_hash_field(info->id))
498 			printf("\n\tpinned %s", (char *)entry->value);
499 	}
500 
501 	if (info->btf_id)
502 		printf("\n\tbtf_id %d", info->btf_id);
503 
504 	emit_obj_refs_plain(refs_table, info->id, "\n\tpids ");
505 
506 	printf("\n");
507 
508 	show_prog_metadata(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
509 }
510 
511 static int show_prog(int fd)
512 {
513 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
514 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
515 	int err;
516 
517 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
518 	if (err) {
519 		p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
520 		return -1;
521 	}
522 
523 	if (json_output)
524 		print_prog_json(&info, fd);
525 	else
526 		print_prog_plain(&info, fd);
527 
528 	return 0;
529 }
530 
531 static int do_show_subset(int argc, char **argv)
532 {
533 	int *fds = NULL;
534 	int nb_fds, i;
535 	int err = -1;
536 
537 	fds = malloc(sizeof(int));
538 	if (!fds) {
539 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
540 		return -1;
541 	}
542 	nb_fds = prog_parse_fds(&argc, &argv, &fds);
543 	if (nb_fds < 1)
544 		goto exit_free;
545 
546 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
547 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
548 	for (i = 0; i < nb_fds; i++) {
549 		err = show_prog(fds[i]);
550 		if (err) {
551 			for (; i < nb_fds; i++)
552 				close(fds[i]);
553 			break;
554 		}
555 		close(fds[i]);
556 	}
557 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
558 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
559 
560 exit_free:
561 	free(fds);
562 	return err;
563 }
564 
565 static int do_show(int argc, char **argv)
566 {
567 	__u32 id = 0;
568 	int err;
569 	int fd;
570 
571 	if (show_pinned) {
572 		prog_table = hashmap__new(hash_fn_for_key_as_id,
573 					  equal_fn_for_key_as_id, NULL);
574 		if (!prog_table) {
575 			p_err("failed to create hashmap for pinned paths");
576 			return -1;
577 		}
578 		build_pinned_obj_table(prog_table, BPF_OBJ_PROG);
579 	}
580 	build_obj_refs_table(&refs_table, BPF_OBJ_PROG);
581 
582 	if (argc == 2)
583 		return do_show_subset(argc, argv);
584 
585 	if (argc)
586 		return BAD_ARG();
587 
588 	if (json_output)
589 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
590 	while (true) {
591 		err = bpf_prog_get_next_id(id, &id);
592 		if (err) {
593 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
594 				err = 0;
595 				break;
596 			}
597 			p_err("can't get next program: %s%s", strerror(errno),
598 			      errno == EINVAL ? " -- kernel too old?" : "");
599 			err = -1;
600 			break;
601 		}
602 
603 		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
604 		if (fd < 0) {
605 			if (errno == ENOENT)
606 				continue;
607 			p_err("can't get prog by id (%u): %s",
608 			      id, strerror(errno));
609 			err = -1;
610 			break;
611 		}
612 
613 		err = show_prog(fd);
614 		close(fd);
615 		if (err)
616 			break;
617 	}
618 
619 	if (json_output)
620 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
621 
622 	delete_obj_refs_table(refs_table);
623 
624 	if (show_pinned)
625 		delete_pinned_obj_table(prog_table);
626 
627 	return err;
628 }
629 
630 static int
631 prog_dump(struct bpf_prog_info *info, enum dump_mode mode,
632 	  char *filepath, bool opcodes, bool visual, bool linum)
633 {
634 	struct bpf_prog_linfo *prog_linfo = NULL;
635 	const char *disasm_opt = NULL;
636 	struct dump_data dd = {};
637 	void *func_info = NULL;
638 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
639 	char func_sig[1024];
640 	unsigned char *buf;
641 	__u32 member_len;
642 	ssize_t n;
643 	int fd;
644 
645 	if (mode == DUMP_JITED) {
646 		if (info->jited_prog_len == 0 || !info->jited_prog_insns) {
647 			p_info("no instructions returned");
648 			return -1;
649 		}
650 		buf = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_prog_insns);
651 		member_len = info->jited_prog_len;
652 	} else {	/* DUMP_XLATED */
653 		if (info->xlated_prog_len == 0 || !info->xlated_prog_insns) {
654 			p_err("error retrieving insn dump: kernel.kptr_restrict set?");
655 			return -1;
656 		}
657 		buf = u64_to_ptr(info->xlated_prog_insns);
658 		member_len = info->xlated_prog_len;
659 	}
660 
661 	if (info->btf_id) {
662 		btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(info->btf_id);
663 		if (libbpf_get_error(btf)) {
664 			p_err("failed to get btf");
665 			return -1;
666 		}
667 	}
668 
669 	func_info = u64_to_ptr(info->func_info);
670 
671 	if (info->nr_line_info) {
672 		prog_linfo = bpf_prog_linfo__new(info);
673 		if (!prog_linfo)
674 			p_info("error in processing bpf_line_info.  continue without it.");
675 	}
676 
677 	if (filepath) {
678 		fd = open(filepath, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600);
679 		if (fd < 0) {
680 			p_err("can't open file %s: %s", filepath,
681 			      strerror(errno));
682 			return -1;
683 		}
684 
685 		n = write(fd, buf, member_len);
686 		close(fd);
687 		if (n != (ssize_t)member_len) {
688 			p_err("error writing output file: %s",
689 			      n < 0 ? strerror(errno) : "short write");
690 			return -1;
691 		}
692 
693 		if (json_output)
694 			jsonw_null(json_wtr);
695 	} else if (mode == DUMP_JITED) {
696 		const char *name = NULL;
697 
698 		if (info->ifindex) {
699 			name = ifindex_to_bfd_params(info->ifindex,
700 						     info->netns_dev,
701 						     info->netns_ino,
702 						     &disasm_opt);
703 			if (!name)
704 				return -1;
705 		}
706 
707 		if (info->nr_jited_func_lens && info->jited_func_lens) {
708 			struct kernel_sym *sym = NULL;
709 			struct bpf_func_info *record;
710 			char sym_name[SYM_MAX_NAME];
711 			unsigned char *img = buf;
712 			__u64 *ksyms = NULL;
713 			__u32 *lens;
714 			__u32 i;
715 			if (info->nr_jited_ksyms) {
716 				kernel_syms_load(&dd);
717 				ksyms = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_ksyms);
718 			}
719 
720 			if (json_output)
721 				jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
722 
723 			lens = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_func_lens);
724 			for (i = 0; i < info->nr_jited_func_lens; i++) {
725 				if (ksyms) {
726 					sym = kernel_syms_search(&dd, ksyms[i]);
727 					if (sym)
728 						sprintf(sym_name, "%s", sym->name);
729 					else
730 						sprintf(sym_name, "0x%016llx", ksyms[i]);
731 				} else {
732 					strcpy(sym_name, "unknown");
733 				}
734 
735 				if (func_info) {
736 					record = func_info + i * info->func_info_rec_size;
737 					btf_dumper_type_only(btf, record->type_id,
738 							     func_sig,
739 							     sizeof(func_sig));
740 				}
741 
742 				if (json_output) {
743 					jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
744 					if (func_info && func_sig[0] != '\0') {
745 						jsonw_name(json_wtr, "proto");
746 						jsonw_string(json_wtr, func_sig);
747 					}
748 					jsonw_name(json_wtr, "name");
749 					jsonw_string(json_wtr, sym_name);
750 					jsonw_name(json_wtr, "insns");
751 				} else {
752 					if (func_info && func_sig[0] != '\0')
753 						printf("%s:\n", func_sig);
754 					printf("%s:\n", sym_name);
755 				}
756 
757 				disasm_print_insn(img, lens[i], opcodes,
758 						  name, disasm_opt, btf,
759 						  prog_linfo, ksyms[i], i,
760 						  linum);
761 
762 				img += lens[i];
763 
764 				if (json_output)
765 					jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
766 				else
767 					printf("\n");
768 			}
769 
770 			if (json_output)
771 				jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
772 		} else {
773 			disasm_print_insn(buf, member_len, opcodes, name,
774 					  disasm_opt, btf, NULL, 0, 0, false);
775 		}
776 	} else if (visual) {
777 		if (json_output)
778 			jsonw_null(json_wtr);
779 		else
780 			dump_xlated_cfg(buf, member_len);
781 	} else {
782 		kernel_syms_load(&dd);
783 		dd.nr_jited_ksyms = info->nr_jited_ksyms;
784 		dd.jited_ksyms = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_ksyms);
785 		dd.btf = btf;
786 		dd.func_info = func_info;
787 		dd.finfo_rec_size = info->func_info_rec_size;
788 		dd.prog_linfo = prog_linfo;
789 
790 		if (json_output)
791 			dump_xlated_json(&dd, buf, member_len, opcodes,
792 					 linum);
793 		else
794 			dump_xlated_plain(&dd, buf, member_len, opcodes,
795 					  linum);
796 		kernel_syms_destroy(&dd);
797 	}
798 
799 	btf__free(btf);
800 
801 	return 0;
802 }
803 
804 static int do_dump(int argc, char **argv)
805 {
806 	struct bpf_prog_info_linear *info_linear;
807 	char *filepath = NULL;
808 	bool opcodes = false;
809 	bool visual = false;
810 	enum dump_mode mode;
811 	bool linum = false;
812 	int *fds = NULL;
813 	int nb_fds, i = 0;
814 	int err = -1;
815 	__u64 arrays;
816 
817 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "jited")) {
818 		if (disasm_init())
819 			return -1;
820 		mode = DUMP_JITED;
821 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "xlated")) {
822 		mode = DUMP_XLATED;
823 	} else {
824 		p_err("expected 'xlated' or 'jited', got: %s", *argv);
825 		return -1;
826 	}
827 	NEXT_ARG();
828 
829 	if (argc < 2)
830 		usage();
831 
832 	fds = malloc(sizeof(int));
833 	if (!fds) {
834 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
835 		return -1;
836 	}
837 	nb_fds = prog_parse_fds(&argc, &argv, &fds);
838 	if (nb_fds < 1)
839 		goto exit_free;
840 
841 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "file")) {
842 		NEXT_ARG();
843 		if (!argc) {
844 			p_err("expected file path");
845 			goto exit_close;
846 		}
847 		if (nb_fds > 1) {
848 			p_err("several programs matched");
849 			goto exit_close;
850 		}
851 
852 		filepath = *argv;
853 		NEXT_ARG();
854 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "opcodes")) {
855 		opcodes = true;
856 		NEXT_ARG();
857 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "visual")) {
858 		if (nb_fds > 1) {
859 			p_err("several programs matched");
860 			goto exit_close;
861 		}
862 
863 		visual = true;
864 		NEXT_ARG();
865 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "linum")) {
866 		linum = true;
867 		NEXT_ARG();
868 	}
869 
870 	if (argc) {
871 		usage();
872 		goto exit_close;
873 	}
874 
875 	if (mode == DUMP_JITED)
876 		arrays = 1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_INSNS;
877 	else
878 		arrays = 1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_XLATED_INSNS;
879 
880 	arrays |= 1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_KSYMS;
881 	arrays |= 1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_FUNC_LENS;
882 	arrays |= 1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_FUNC_INFO;
883 	arrays |= 1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_LINE_INFO;
884 	arrays |= 1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_LINE_INFO;
885 
886 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
887 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
888 	for (i = 0; i < nb_fds; i++) {
889 		info_linear = bpf_program__get_prog_info_linear(fds[i], arrays);
890 		if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(info_linear)) {
891 			p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
892 			break;
893 		}
894 
895 		if (json_output && nb_fds > 1) {
896 			jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);	/* prog object */
897 			print_prog_header_json(&info_linear->info);
898 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, "insns");
899 		} else if (nb_fds > 1) {
900 			print_prog_header_plain(&info_linear->info);
901 		}
902 
903 		err = prog_dump(&info_linear->info, mode, filepath, opcodes,
904 				visual, linum);
905 
906 		if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
907 			jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);	/* prog object */
908 		else if (i != nb_fds - 1 && nb_fds > 1)
909 			printf("\n");
910 
911 		free(info_linear);
912 		if (err)
913 			break;
914 		close(fds[i]);
915 	}
916 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
917 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
918 
919 exit_close:
920 	for (; i < nb_fds; i++)
921 		close(fds[i]);
922 exit_free:
923 	free(fds);
924 	return err;
925 }
926 
927 static int do_pin(int argc, char **argv)
928 {
929 	int err;
930 
931 	err = do_pin_any(argc, argv, prog_parse_fd);
932 	if (!err && json_output)
933 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
934 	return err;
935 }
936 
937 struct map_replace {
938 	int idx;
939 	int fd;
940 	char *name;
941 };
942 
943 static int map_replace_compar(const void *p1, const void *p2)
944 {
945 	const struct map_replace *a = p1, *b = p2;
946 
947 	return a->idx - b->idx;
948 }
949 
950 static int parse_attach_detach_args(int argc, char **argv, int *progfd,
951 				    enum bpf_attach_type *attach_type,
952 				    int *mapfd)
953 {
954 	if (!REQ_ARGS(3))
955 		return -EINVAL;
956 
957 	*progfd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
958 	if (*progfd < 0)
959 		return *progfd;
960 
961 	*attach_type = parse_attach_type(*argv);
962 	if (*attach_type == __MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE) {
963 		p_err("invalid attach/detach type");
964 		return -EINVAL;
965 	}
966 
967 	if (*attach_type == BPF_FLOW_DISSECTOR) {
968 		*mapfd = 0;
969 		return 0;
970 	}
971 
972 	NEXT_ARG();
973 	if (!REQ_ARGS(2))
974 		return -EINVAL;
975 
976 	*mapfd = map_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
977 	if (*mapfd < 0)
978 		return *mapfd;
979 
980 	return 0;
981 }
982 
983 static int do_attach(int argc, char **argv)
984 {
985 	enum bpf_attach_type attach_type;
986 	int err, progfd;
987 	int mapfd;
988 
989 	err = parse_attach_detach_args(argc, argv,
990 				       &progfd, &attach_type, &mapfd);
991 	if (err)
992 		return err;
993 
994 	err = bpf_prog_attach(progfd, mapfd, attach_type, 0);
995 	if (err) {
996 		p_err("failed prog attach to map");
997 		return -EINVAL;
998 	}
999 
1000 	if (json_output)
1001 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1002 	return 0;
1003 }
1004 
1005 static int do_detach(int argc, char **argv)
1006 {
1007 	enum bpf_attach_type attach_type;
1008 	int err, progfd;
1009 	int mapfd;
1010 
1011 	err = parse_attach_detach_args(argc, argv,
1012 				       &progfd, &attach_type, &mapfd);
1013 	if (err)
1014 		return err;
1015 
1016 	err = bpf_prog_detach2(progfd, mapfd, attach_type);
1017 	if (err) {
1018 		p_err("failed prog detach from map");
1019 		return -EINVAL;
1020 	}
1021 
1022 	if (json_output)
1023 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1024 	return 0;
1025 }
1026 
1027 static int check_single_stdin(char *file_data_in, char *file_ctx_in)
1028 {
1029 	if (file_data_in && file_ctx_in &&
1030 	    !strcmp(file_data_in, "-") && !strcmp(file_ctx_in, "-")) {
1031 		p_err("cannot use standard input for both data_in and ctx_in");
1032 		return -1;
1033 	}
1034 
1035 	return 0;
1036 }
1037 
1038 static int get_run_data(const char *fname, void **data_ptr, unsigned int *size)
1039 {
1040 	size_t block_size = 256;
1041 	size_t buf_size = block_size;
1042 	size_t nb_read = 0;
1043 	void *tmp;
1044 	FILE *f;
1045 
1046 	if (!fname) {
1047 		*data_ptr = NULL;
1048 		*size = 0;
1049 		return 0;
1050 	}
1051 
1052 	if (!strcmp(fname, "-"))
1053 		f = stdin;
1054 	else
1055 		f = fopen(fname, "r");
1056 	if (!f) {
1057 		p_err("failed to open %s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
1058 		return -1;
1059 	}
1060 
1061 	*data_ptr = malloc(block_size);
1062 	if (!*data_ptr) {
1063 		p_err("failed to allocate memory for data_in/ctx_in: %s",
1064 		      strerror(errno));
1065 		goto err_fclose;
1066 	}
1067 
1068 	while ((nb_read += fread(*data_ptr + nb_read, 1, block_size, f))) {
1069 		if (feof(f))
1070 			break;
1071 		if (ferror(f)) {
1072 			p_err("failed to read data_in/ctx_in from %s: %s",
1073 			      fname, strerror(errno));
1074 			goto err_free;
1075 		}
1076 		if (nb_read > buf_size - block_size) {
1077 			if (buf_size == UINT32_MAX) {
1078 				p_err("data_in/ctx_in is too long (max: %d)",
1079 				      UINT32_MAX);
1080 				goto err_free;
1081 			}
1082 			/* No space for fread()-ing next chunk; realloc() */
1083 			buf_size *= 2;
1084 			tmp = realloc(*data_ptr, buf_size);
1085 			if (!tmp) {
1086 				p_err("failed to reallocate data_in/ctx_in: %s",
1087 				      strerror(errno));
1088 				goto err_free;
1089 			}
1090 			*data_ptr = tmp;
1091 		}
1092 	}
1093 	if (f != stdin)
1094 		fclose(f);
1095 
1096 	*size = nb_read;
1097 	return 0;
1098 
1099 err_free:
1100 	free(*data_ptr);
1101 	*data_ptr = NULL;
1102 err_fclose:
1103 	if (f != stdin)
1104 		fclose(f);
1105 	return -1;
1106 }
1107 
1108 static void hex_print(void *data, unsigned int size, FILE *f)
1109 {
1110 	size_t i, j;
1111 	char c;
1112 
1113 	for (i = 0; i < size; i += 16) {
1114 		/* Row offset */
1115 		fprintf(f, "%07zx\t", i);
1116 
1117 		/* Hexadecimal values */
1118 		for (j = i; j < i + 16 && j < size; j++)
1119 			fprintf(f, "%02x%s", *(uint8_t *)(data + j),
1120 				j % 2 ? " " : "");
1121 		for (; j < i + 16; j++)
1122 			fprintf(f, "  %s", j % 2 ? " " : "");
1123 
1124 		/* ASCII values (if relevant), '.' otherwise */
1125 		fprintf(f, "| ");
1126 		for (j = i; j < i + 16 && j < size; j++) {
1127 			c = *(char *)(data + j);
1128 			if (c < ' ' || c > '~')
1129 				c = '.';
1130 			fprintf(f, "%c%s", c, j == i + 7 ? " " : "");
1131 		}
1132 
1133 		fprintf(f, "\n");
1134 	}
1135 }
1136 
1137 static int
1138 print_run_output(void *data, unsigned int size, const char *fname,
1139 		 const char *json_key)
1140 {
1141 	size_t nb_written;
1142 	FILE *f;
1143 
1144 	if (!fname)
1145 		return 0;
1146 
1147 	if (!strcmp(fname, "-")) {
1148 		f = stdout;
1149 		if (json_output) {
1150 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, json_key);
1151 			print_data_json(data, size);
1152 		} else {
1153 			hex_print(data, size, f);
1154 		}
1155 		return 0;
1156 	}
1157 
1158 	f = fopen(fname, "w");
1159 	if (!f) {
1160 		p_err("failed to open %s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
1161 		return -1;
1162 	}
1163 
1164 	nb_written = fwrite(data, 1, size, f);
1165 	fclose(f);
1166 	if (nb_written != size) {
1167 		p_err("failed to write output data/ctx: %s", strerror(errno));
1168 		return -1;
1169 	}
1170 
1171 	return 0;
1172 }
1173 
1174 static int alloc_run_data(void **data_ptr, unsigned int size_out)
1175 {
1176 	*data_ptr = calloc(size_out, 1);
1177 	if (!*data_ptr) {
1178 		p_err("failed to allocate memory for output data/ctx: %s",
1179 		      strerror(errno));
1180 		return -1;
1181 	}
1182 
1183 	return 0;
1184 }
1185 
1186 static int do_run(int argc, char **argv)
1187 {
1188 	char *data_fname_in = NULL, *data_fname_out = NULL;
1189 	char *ctx_fname_in = NULL, *ctx_fname_out = NULL;
1190 	struct bpf_prog_test_run_attr test_attr = {0};
1191 	const unsigned int default_size = SZ_32K;
1192 	void *data_in = NULL, *data_out = NULL;
1193 	void *ctx_in = NULL, *ctx_out = NULL;
1194 	unsigned int repeat = 1;
1195 	int fd, err;
1196 
1197 	if (!REQ_ARGS(4))
1198 		return -1;
1199 
1200 	fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
1201 	if (fd < 0)
1202 		return -1;
1203 
1204 	while (argc) {
1205 		if (detect_common_prefix(*argv, "data_in", "data_out",
1206 					 "data_size_out", NULL))
1207 			return -1;
1208 		if (detect_common_prefix(*argv, "ctx_in", "ctx_out",
1209 					 "ctx_size_out", NULL))
1210 			return -1;
1211 
1212 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "data_in")) {
1213 			NEXT_ARG();
1214 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1215 				return -1;
1216 
1217 			data_fname_in = GET_ARG();
1218 			if (check_single_stdin(data_fname_in, ctx_fname_in))
1219 				return -1;
1220 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "data_out")) {
1221 			NEXT_ARG();
1222 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1223 				return -1;
1224 
1225 			data_fname_out = GET_ARG();
1226 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "data_size_out")) {
1227 			char *endptr;
1228 
1229 			NEXT_ARG();
1230 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1231 				return -1;
1232 
1233 			test_attr.data_size_out = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1234 			if (*endptr) {
1235 				p_err("can't parse %s as output data size",
1236 				      *argv);
1237 				return -1;
1238 			}
1239 			NEXT_ARG();
1240 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "ctx_in")) {
1241 			NEXT_ARG();
1242 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1243 				return -1;
1244 
1245 			ctx_fname_in = GET_ARG();
1246 			if (check_single_stdin(data_fname_in, ctx_fname_in))
1247 				return -1;
1248 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "ctx_out")) {
1249 			NEXT_ARG();
1250 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1251 				return -1;
1252 
1253 			ctx_fname_out = GET_ARG();
1254 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "ctx_size_out")) {
1255 			char *endptr;
1256 
1257 			NEXT_ARG();
1258 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1259 				return -1;
1260 
1261 			test_attr.ctx_size_out = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1262 			if (*endptr) {
1263 				p_err("can't parse %s as output context size",
1264 				      *argv);
1265 				return -1;
1266 			}
1267 			NEXT_ARG();
1268 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "repeat")) {
1269 			char *endptr;
1270 
1271 			NEXT_ARG();
1272 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1273 				return -1;
1274 
1275 			repeat = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1276 			if (*endptr) {
1277 				p_err("can't parse %s as repeat number",
1278 				      *argv);
1279 				return -1;
1280 			}
1281 			NEXT_ARG();
1282 		} else {
1283 			p_err("expected no more arguments, 'data_in', 'data_out', 'data_size_out', 'ctx_in', 'ctx_out', 'ctx_size_out' or 'repeat', got: '%s'?",
1284 			      *argv);
1285 			return -1;
1286 		}
1287 	}
1288 
1289 	err = get_run_data(data_fname_in, &data_in, &test_attr.data_size_in);
1290 	if (err)
1291 		return -1;
1292 
1293 	if (data_in) {
1294 		if (!test_attr.data_size_out)
1295 			test_attr.data_size_out = default_size;
1296 		err = alloc_run_data(&data_out, test_attr.data_size_out);
1297 		if (err)
1298 			goto free_data_in;
1299 	}
1300 
1301 	err = get_run_data(ctx_fname_in, &ctx_in, &test_attr.ctx_size_in);
1302 	if (err)
1303 		goto free_data_out;
1304 
1305 	if (ctx_in) {
1306 		if (!test_attr.ctx_size_out)
1307 			test_attr.ctx_size_out = default_size;
1308 		err = alloc_run_data(&ctx_out, test_attr.ctx_size_out);
1309 		if (err)
1310 			goto free_ctx_in;
1311 	}
1312 
1313 	test_attr.prog_fd	= fd;
1314 	test_attr.repeat	= repeat;
1315 	test_attr.data_in	= data_in;
1316 	test_attr.data_out	= data_out;
1317 	test_attr.ctx_in	= ctx_in;
1318 	test_attr.ctx_out	= ctx_out;
1319 
1320 	err = bpf_prog_test_run_xattr(&test_attr);
1321 	if (err) {
1322 		p_err("failed to run program: %s", strerror(errno));
1323 		goto free_ctx_out;
1324 	}
1325 
1326 	err = 0;
1327 
1328 	if (json_output)
1329 		jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);	/* root */
1330 
1331 	/* Do not exit on errors occurring when printing output data/context,
1332 	 * we still want to print return value and duration for program run.
1333 	 */
1334 	if (test_attr.data_size_out)
1335 		err += print_run_output(test_attr.data_out,
1336 					test_attr.data_size_out,
1337 					data_fname_out, "data_out");
1338 	if (test_attr.ctx_size_out)
1339 		err += print_run_output(test_attr.ctx_out,
1340 					test_attr.ctx_size_out,
1341 					ctx_fname_out, "ctx_out");
1342 
1343 	if (json_output) {
1344 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "retval", test_attr.retval);
1345 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "duration", test_attr.duration);
1346 		jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);	/* root */
1347 	} else {
1348 		fprintf(stdout, "Return value: %u, duration%s: %uns\n",
1349 			test_attr.retval,
1350 			repeat > 1 ? " (average)" : "", test_attr.duration);
1351 	}
1352 
1353 free_ctx_out:
1354 	free(ctx_out);
1355 free_ctx_in:
1356 	free(ctx_in);
1357 free_data_out:
1358 	free(data_out);
1359 free_data_in:
1360 	free(data_in);
1361 
1362 	return err;
1363 }
1364 
1365 static int
1366 get_prog_type_by_name(const char *name, enum bpf_prog_type *prog_type,
1367 		      enum bpf_attach_type *expected_attach_type)
1368 {
1369 	libbpf_print_fn_t print_backup;
1370 	int ret;
1371 
1372 	ret = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(name, prog_type, expected_attach_type);
1373 	if (!ret)
1374 		return ret;
1375 
1376 	/* libbpf_prog_type_by_name() failed, let's re-run with debug level */
1377 	print_backup = libbpf_set_print(print_all_levels);
1378 	ret = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(name, prog_type, expected_attach_type);
1379 	libbpf_set_print(print_backup);
1380 
1381 	return ret;
1382 }
1383 
1384 static int load_with_options(int argc, char **argv, bool first_prog_only)
1385 {
1386 	enum bpf_prog_type common_prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC;
1387 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_object_open_opts, open_opts,
1388 		.relaxed_maps = relaxed_maps,
1389 	);
1390 	struct bpf_object_load_attr load_attr = { 0 };
1391 	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
1392 	struct map_replace *map_replace = NULL;
1393 	struct bpf_program *prog = NULL, *pos;
1394 	unsigned int old_map_fds = 0;
1395 	const char *pinmaps = NULL;
1396 	struct bpf_object *obj;
1397 	struct bpf_map *map;
1398 	const char *pinfile;
1399 	unsigned int i, j;
1400 	__u32 ifindex = 0;
1401 	const char *file;
1402 	int idx, err;
1403 
1404 
1405 	if (!REQ_ARGS(2))
1406 		return -1;
1407 	file = GET_ARG();
1408 	pinfile = GET_ARG();
1409 
1410 	while (argc) {
1411 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "type")) {
1412 			char *type;
1413 
1414 			NEXT_ARG();
1415 
1416 			if (common_prog_type != BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
1417 				p_err("program type already specified");
1418 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1419 			}
1420 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1421 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1422 
1423 			/* Put a '/' at the end of type to appease libbpf */
1424 			type = malloc(strlen(*argv) + 2);
1425 			if (!type) {
1426 				p_err("mem alloc failed");
1427 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1428 			}
1429 			*type = 0;
1430 			strcat(type, *argv);
1431 			strcat(type, "/");
1432 
1433 			err = get_prog_type_by_name(type, &common_prog_type,
1434 						    &expected_attach_type);
1435 			free(type);
1436 			if (err < 0)
1437 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1438 
1439 			NEXT_ARG();
1440 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "map")) {
1441 			void *new_map_replace;
1442 			char *endptr, *name;
1443 			int fd;
1444 
1445 			NEXT_ARG();
1446 
1447 			if (!REQ_ARGS(4))
1448 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1449 
1450 			if (is_prefix(*argv, "idx")) {
1451 				NEXT_ARG();
1452 
1453 				idx = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1454 				if (*endptr) {
1455 					p_err("can't parse %s as IDX", *argv);
1456 					goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1457 				}
1458 				name = NULL;
1459 			} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "name")) {
1460 				NEXT_ARG();
1461 
1462 				name = *argv;
1463 				idx = -1;
1464 			} else {
1465 				p_err("expected 'idx' or 'name', got: '%s'?",
1466 				      *argv);
1467 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1468 			}
1469 			NEXT_ARG();
1470 
1471 			fd = map_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
1472 			if (fd < 0)
1473 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1474 
1475 			new_map_replace = reallocarray(map_replace,
1476 						       old_map_fds + 1,
1477 						       sizeof(*map_replace));
1478 			if (!new_map_replace) {
1479 				p_err("mem alloc failed");
1480 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1481 			}
1482 			map_replace = new_map_replace;
1483 
1484 			map_replace[old_map_fds].idx = idx;
1485 			map_replace[old_map_fds].name = name;
1486 			map_replace[old_map_fds].fd = fd;
1487 			old_map_fds++;
1488 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "dev")) {
1489 			NEXT_ARG();
1490 
1491 			if (ifindex) {
1492 				p_err("offload device already specified");
1493 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1494 			}
1495 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1496 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1497 
1498 			ifindex = if_nametoindex(*argv);
1499 			if (!ifindex) {
1500 				p_err("unrecognized netdevice '%s': %s",
1501 				      *argv, strerror(errno));
1502 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1503 			}
1504 			NEXT_ARG();
1505 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "pinmaps")) {
1506 			NEXT_ARG();
1507 
1508 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1509 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1510 
1511 			pinmaps = GET_ARG();
1512 		} else {
1513 			p_err("expected no more arguments, 'type', 'map' or 'dev', got: '%s'?",
1514 			      *argv);
1515 			goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1516 		}
1517 	}
1518 
1519 	set_max_rlimit();
1520 
1521 	obj = bpf_object__open_file(file, &open_opts);
1522 	if (libbpf_get_error(obj)) {
1523 		p_err("failed to open object file");
1524 		goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1525 	}
1526 
1527 	bpf_object__for_each_program(pos, obj) {
1528 		enum bpf_prog_type prog_type = common_prog_type;
1529 
1530 		if (prog_type == BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
1531 			const char *sec_name = bpf_program__section_name(pos);
1532 
1533 			err = get_prog_type_by_name(sec_name, &prog_type,
1534 						    &expected_attach_type);
1535 			if (err < 0)
1536 				goto err_close_obj;
1537 		}
1538 
1539 		bpf_program__set_ifindex(pos, ifindex);
1540 		bpf_program__set_type(pos, prog_type);
1541 		bpf_program__set_expected_attach_type(pos, expected_attach_type);
1542 	}
1543 
1544 	qsort(map_replace, old_map_fds, sizeof(*map_replace),
1545 	      map_replace_compar);
1546 
1547 	/* After the sort maps by name will be first on the list, because they
1548 	 * have idx == -1.  Resolve them.
1549 	 */
1550 	j = 0;
1551 	while (j < old_map_fds && map_replace[j].name) {
1552 		i = 0;
1553 		bpf_object__for_each_map(map, obj) {
1554 			if (!strcmp(bpf_map__name(map), map_replace[j].name)) {
1555 				map_replace[j].idx = i;
1556 				break;
1557 			}
1558 			i++;
1559 		}
1560 		if (map_replace[j].idx == -1) {
1561 			p_err("unable to find map '%s'", map_replace[j].name);
1562 			goto err_close_obj;
1563 		}
1564 		j++;
1565 	}
1566 	/* Resort if any names were resolved */
1567 	if (j)
1568 		qsort(map_replace, old_map_fds, sizeof(*map_replace),
1569 		      map_replace_compar);
1570 
1571 	/* Set ifindex and name reuse */
1572 	j = 0;
1573 	idx = 0;
1574 	bpf_object__for_each_map(map, obj) {
1575 		if (!bpf_map__is_offload_neutral(map))
1576 			bpf_map__set_ifindex(map, ifindex);
1577 
1578 		if (j < old_map_fds && idx == map_replace[j].idx) {
1579 			err = bpf_map__reuse_fd(map, map_replace[j++].fd);
1580 			if (err) {
1581 				p_err("unable to set up map reuse: %d", err);
1582 				goto err_close_obj;
1583 			}
1584 
1585 			/* Next reuse wants to apply to the same map */
1586 			if (j < old_map_fds && map_replace[j].idx == idx) {
1587 				p_err("replacement for map idx %d specified more than once",
1588 				      idx);
1589 				goto err_close_obj;
1590 			}
1591 		}
1592 
1593 		idx++;
1594 	}
1595 	if (j < old_map_fds) {
1596 		p_err("map idx '%d' not used", map_replace[j].idx);
1597 		goto err_close_obj;
1598 	}
1599 
1600 	load_attr.obj = obj;
1601 	if (verifier_logs)
1602 		/* log_level1 + log_level2 + stats, but not stable UAPI */
1603 		load_attr.log_level = 1 + 2 + 4;
1604 
1605 	err = bpf_object__load_xattr(&load_attr);
1606 	if (err) {
1607 		p_err("failed to load object file");
1608 		goto err_close_obj;
1609 	}
1610 
1611 	err = mount_bpffs_for_pin(pinfile);
1612 	if (err)
1613 		goto err_close_obj;
1614 
1615 	if (first_prog_only) {
1616 		prog = bpf_object__next_program(obj, NULL);
1617 		if (!prog) {
1618 			p_err("object file doesn't contain any bpf program");
1619 			goto err_close_obj;
1620 		}
1621 
1622 		err = bpf_obj_pin(bpf_program__fd(prog), pinfile);
1623 		if (err) {
1624 			p_err("failed to pin program %s",
1625 			      bpf_program__section_name(prog));
1626 			goto err_close_obj;
1627 		}
1628 	} else {
1629 		err = bpf_object__pin_programs(obj, pinfile);
1630 		if (err) {
1631 			p_err("failed to pin all programs");
1632 			goto err_close_obj;
1633 		}
1634 	}
1635 
1636 	if (pinmaps) {
1637 		err = bpf_object__pin_maps(obj, pinmaps);
1638 		if (err) {
1639 			p_err("failed to pin all maps");
1640 			goto err_unpin;
1641 		}
1642 	}
1643 
1644 	if (json_output)
1645 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1646 
1647 	bpf_object__close(obj);
1648 	for (i = 0; i < old_map_fds; i++)
1649 		close(map_replace[i].fd);
1650 	free(map_replace);
1651 
1652 	return 0;
1653 
1654 err_unpin:
1655 	if (first_prog_only)
1656 		unlink(pinfile);
1657 	else
1658 		bpf_object__unpin_programs(obj, pinfile);
1659 err_close_obj:
1660 	bpf_object__close(obj);
1661 err_free_reuse_maps:
1662 	for (i = 0; i < old_map_fds; i++)
1663 		close(map_replace[i].fd);
1664 	free(map_replace);
1665 	return -1;
1666 }
1667 
1668 static int count_open_fds(void)
1669 {
1670 	DIR *dp = opendir("/proc/self/fd");
1671 	struct dirent *de;
1672 	int cnt = -3;
1673 
1674 	if (!dp)
1675 		return -1;
1676 
1677 	while ((de = readdir(dp)))
1678 		cnt++;
1679 
1680 	closedir(dp);
1681 	return cnt;
1682 }
1683 
1684 static int try_loader(struct gen_loader_opts *gen)
1685 {
1686 	struct bpf_load_and_run_opts opts = {};
1687 	struct bpf_loader_ctx *ctx;
1688 	int ctx_sz = sizeof(*ctx) + 64 * max(sizeof(struct bpf_map_desc),
1689 					     sizeof(struct bpf_prog_desc));
1690 	int log_buf_sz = (1u << 24) - 1;
1691 	int err, fds_before, fd_delta;
1692 	char *log_buf;
1693 
1694 	ctx = alloca(ctx_sz);
1695 	memset(ctx, 0, ctx_sz);
1696 	ctx->sz = ctx_sz;
1697 	ctx->log_level = 1;
1698 	ctx->log_size = log_buf_sz;
1699 	log_buf = malloc(log_buf_sz);
1700 	if (!log_buf)
1701 		return -ENOMEM;
1702 	ctx->log_buf = (long) log_buf;
1703 	opts.ctx = ctx;
1704 	opts.data = gen->data;
1705 	opts.data_sz = gen->data_sz;
1706 	opts.insns = gen->insns;
1707 	opts.insns_sz = gen->insns_sz;
1708 	fds_before = count_open_fds();
1709 	err = bpf_load_and_run(&opts);
1710 	fd_delta = count_open_fds() - fds_before;
1711 	if (err < 0) {
1712 		fprintf(stderr, "err %d\n%s\n%s", err, opts.errstr, log_buf);
1713 		if (fd_delta)
1714 			fprintf(stderr, "loader prog leaked %d FDs\n",
1715 				fd_delta);
1716 	}
1717 	free(log_buf);
1718 	return err;
1719 }
1720 
1721 static int do_loader(int argc, char **argv)
1722 {
1723 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_object_open_opts, open_opts);
1724 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(gen_loader_opts, gen);
1725 	struct bpf_object_load_attr load_attr = {};
1726 	struct bpf_object *obj;
1727 	const char *file;
1728 	int err = 0;
1729 
1730 	if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1731 		return -1;
1732 	file = GET_ARG();
1733 
1734 	obj = bpf_object__open_file(file, &open_opts);
1735 	if (libbpf_get_error(obj)) {
1736 		p_err("failed to open object file");
1737 		goto err_close_obj;
1738 	}
1739 
1740 	err = bpf_object__gen_loader(obj, &gen);
1741 	if (err)
1742 		goto err_close_obj;
1743 
1744 	load_attr.obj = obj;
1745 	if (verifier_logs)
1746 		/* log_level1 + log_level2 + stats, but not stable UAPI */
1747 		load_attr.log_level = 1 + 2 + 4;
1748 
1749 	err = bpf_object__load_xattr(&load_attr);
1750 	if (err) {
1751 		p_err("failed to load object file");
1752 		goto err_close_obj;
1753 	}
1754 
1755 	if (verifier_logs) {
1756 		struct dump_data dd = {};
1757 
1758 		kernel_syms_load(&dd);
1759 		dump_xlated_plain(&dd, (void *)gen.insns, gen.insns_sz, false, false);
1760 		kernel_syms_destroy(&dd);
1761 	}
1762 	err = try_loader(&gen);
1763 err_close_obj:
1764 	bpf_object__close(obj);
1765 	return err;
1766 }
1767 
1768 static int do_load(int argc, char **argv)
1769 {
1770 	if (use_loader)
1771 		return do_loader(argc, argv);
1772 	return load_with_options(argc, argv, true);
1773 }
1774 
1775 static int do_loadall(int argc, char **argv)
1776 {
1777 	return load_with_options(argc, argv, false);
1778 }
1779 
1780 #ifdef BPFTOOL_WITHOUT_SKELETONS
1781 
1782 static int do_profile(int argc, char **argv)
1783 {
1784 	p_err("bpftool prog profile command is not supported. Please build bpftool with clang >= 10.0.0");
1785 	return 0;
1786 }
1787 
1788 #else /* BPFTOOL_WITHOUT_SKELETONS */
1789 
1790 #include "profiler.skel.h"
1791 
1792 struct profile_metric {
1793 	const char *name;
1794 	struct bpf_perf_event_value val;
1795 	struct perf_event_attr attr;
1796 	bool selected;
1797 
1798 	/* calculate ratios like instructions per cycle */
1799 	const int ratio_metric; /* 0 for N/A, 1 for index 0 (cycles) */
1800 	const char *ratio_desc;
1801 	const float ratio_mul;
1802 } metrics[] = {
1803 	{
1804 		.name = "cycles",
1805 		.attr = {
1806 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE,
1807 			.config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES,
1808 			.exclude_user = 1,
1809 		},
1810 	},
1811 	{
1812 		.name = "instructions",
1813 		.attr = {
1814 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE,
1815 			.config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS,
1816 			.exclude_user = 1,
1817 		},
1818 		.ratio_metric = 1,
1819 		.ratio_desc = "insns per cycle",
1820 		.ratio_mul = 1.0,
1821 	},
1822 	{
1823 		.name = "l1d_loads",
1824 		.attr = {
1825 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1826 			.config =
1827 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
1828 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
1829 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS << 16),
1830 			.exclude_user = 1,
1831 		},
1832 	},
1833 	{
1834 		.name = "llc_misses",
1835 		.attr = {
1836 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1837 			.config =
1838 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
1839 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
1840 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16),
1841 			.exclude_user = 1
1842 		},
1843 		.ratio_metric = 2,
1844 		.ratio_desc = "LLC misses per million insns",
1845 		.ratio_mul = 1e6,
1846 	},
1847 	{
1848 		.name = "itlb_misses",
1849 		.attr = {
1850 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1851 			.config =
1852 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
1853 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
1854 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16),
1855 			.exclude_user = 1
1856 		},
1857 		.ratio_metric = 2,
1858 		.ratio_desc = "itlb misses per million insns",
1859 		.ratio_mul = 1e6,
1860 	},
1861 	{
1862 		.name = "dtlb_misses",
1863 		.attr = {
1864 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1865 			.config =
1866 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
1867 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
1868 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16),
1869 			.exclude_user = 1
1870 		},
1871 		.ratio_metric = 2,
1872 		.ratio_desc = "dtlb misses per million insns",
1873 		.ratio_mul = 1e6,
1874 	},
1875 };
1876 
1877 static __u64 profile_total_count;
1878 
1879 #define MAX_NUM_PROFILE_METRICS 4
1880 
1881 static int profile_parse_metrics(int argc, char **argv)
1882 {
1883 	unsigned int metric_cnt;
1884 	int selected_cnt = 0;
1885 	unsigned int i;
1886 
1887 	metric_cnt = sizeof(metrics) / sizeof(struct profile_metric);
1888 
1889 	while (argc > 0) {
1890 		for (i = 0; i < metric_cnt; i++) {
1891 			if (is_prefix(argv[0], metrics[i].name)) {
1892 				if (!metrics[i].selected)
1893 					selected_cnt++;
1894 				metrics[i].selected = true;
1895 				break;
1896 			}
1897 		}
1898 		if (i == metric_cnt) {
1899 			p_err("unknown metric %s", argv[0]);
1900 			return -1;
1901 		}
1902 		NEXT_ARG();
1903 	}
1904 	if (selected_cnt > MAX_NUM_PROFILE_METRICS) {
1905 		p_err("too many (%d) metrics, please specify no more than %d metrics at at time",
1906 		      selected_cnt, MAX_NUM_PROFILE_METRICS);
1907 		return -1;
1908 	}
1909 	return selected_cnt;
1910 }
1911 
1912 static void profile_read_values(struct profiler_bpf *obj)
1913 {
1914 	__u32 m, cpu, num_cpu = obj->rodata->num_cpu;
1915 	int reading_map_fd, count_map_fd;
1916 	__u64 counts[num_cpu];
1917 	__u32 key = 0;
1918 	int err;
1919 
1920 	reading_map_fd = bpf_map__fd(obj->maps.accum_readings);
1921 	count_map_fd = bpf_map__fd(obj->maps.counts);
1922 	if (reading_map_fd < 0 || count_map_fd < 0) {
1923 		p_err("failed to get fd for map");
1924 		return;
1925 	}
1926 
1927 	err = bpf_map_lookup_elem(count_map_fd, &key, counts);
1928 	if (err) {
1929 		p_err("failed to read count_map: %s", strerror(errno));
1930 		return;
1931 	}
1932 
1933 	profile_total_count = 0;
1934 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < num_cpu; cpu++)
1935 		profile_total_count += counts[cpu];
1936 
1937 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
1938 		struct bpf_perf_event_value values[num_cpu];
1939 
1940 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
1941 			continue;
1942 
1943 		err = bpf_map_lookup_elem(reading_map_fd, &key, values);
1944 		if (err) {
1945 			p_err("failed to read reading_map: %s",
1946 			      strerror(errno));
1947 			return;
1948 		}
1949 		for (cpu = 0; cpu < num_cpu; cpu++) {
1950 			metrics[m].val.counter += values[cpu].counter;
1951 			metrics[m].val.enabled += values[cpu].enabled;
1952 			metrics[m].val.running += values[cpu].running;
1953 		}
1954 		key++;
1955 	}
1956 }
1957 
1958 static void profile_print_readings_json(void)
1959 {
1960 	__u32 m;
1961 
1962 	jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
1963 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
1964 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
1965 			continue;
1966 		jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
1967 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "metric", metrics[m].name);
1968 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "run_cnt", profile_total_count);
1969 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "value", metrics[m].val.counter);
1970 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "enabled", metrics[m].val.enabled);
1971 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "running", metrics[m].val.running);
1972 
1973 		jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
1974 	}
1975 	jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
1976 }
1977 
1978 static void profile_print_readings_plain(void)
1979 {
1980 	__u32 m;
1981 
1982 	printf("\n%18llu %-20s\n", profile_total_count, "run_cnt");
1983 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
1984 		struct bpf_perf_event_value *val = &metrics[m].val;
1985 		int r;
1986 
1987 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
1988 			continue;
1989 		printf("%18llu %-20s", val->counter, metrics[m].name);
1990 
1991 		r = metrics[m].ratio_metric - 1;
1992 		if (r >= 0 && metrics[r].selected &&
1993 		    metrics[r].val.counter > 0) {
1994 			printf("# %8.2f %-30s",
1995 			       val->counter * metrics[m].ratio_mul /
1996 			       metrics[r].val.counter,
1997 			       metrics[m].ratio_desc);
1998 		} else {
1999 			printf("%-41s", "");
2000 		}
2001 
2002 		if (val->enabled > val->running)
2003 			printf("(%4.2f%%)",
2004 			       val->running * 100.0 / val->enabled);
2005 		printf("\n");
2006 	}
2007 }
2008 
2009 static void profile_print_readings(void)
2010 {
2011 	if (json_output)
2012 		profile_print_readings_json();
2013 	else
2014 		profile_print_readings_plain();
2015 }
2016 
2017 static char *profile_target_name(int tgt_fd)
2018 {
2019 	struct bpf_prog_info_linear *info_linear;
2020 	struct bpf_func_info *func_info;
2021 	const struct btf_type *t;
2022 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
2023 	char *name = NULL;
2024 
2025 	info_linear = bpf_program__get_prog_info_linear(
2026 		tgt_fd, 1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_FUNC_INFO);
2027 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(info_linear)) {
2028 		p_err("failed to get info_linear for prog FD %d", tgt_fd);
2029 		return NULL;
2030 	}
2031 
2032 	if (info_linear->info.btf_id == 0) {
2033 		p_err("prog FD %d doesn't have valid btf", tgt_fd);
2034 		goto out;
2035 	}
2036 
2037 	btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(info_linear->info.btf_id);
2038 	if (libbpf_get_error(btf)) {
2039 		p_err("failed to load btf for prog FD %d", tgt_fd);
2040 		goto out;
2041 	}
2042 
2043 	func_info = u64_to_ptr(info_linear->info.func_info);
2044 	t = btf__type_by_id(btf, func_info[0].type_id);
2045 	if (!t) {
2046 		p_err("btf %d doesn't have type %d",
2047 		      info_linear->info.btf_id, func_info[0].type_id);
2048 		goto out;
2049 	}
2050 	name = strdup(btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off));
2051 out:
2052 	btf__free(btf);
2053 	free(info_linear);
2054 	return name;
2055 }
2056 
2057 static struct profiler_bpf *profile_obj;
2058 static int profile_tgt_fd = -1;
2059 static char *profile_tgt_name;
2060 static int *profile_perf_events;
2061 static int profile_perf_event_cnt;
2062 
2063 static void profile_close_perf_events(struct profiler_bpf *obj)
2064 {
2065 	int i;
2066 
2067 	for (i = profile_perf_event_cnt - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2068 		close(profile_perf_events[i]);
2069 
2070 	free(profile_perf_events);
2071 	profile_perf_event_cnt = 0;
2072 }
2073 
2074 static int profile_open_perf_events(struct profiler_bpf *obj)
2075 {
2076 	unsigned int cpu, m;
2077 	int map_fd, pmu_fd;
2078 
2079 	profile_perf_events = calloc(
2080 		sizeof(int), obj->rodata->num_cpu * obj->rodata->num_metric);
2081 	if (!profile_perf_events) {
2082 		p_err("failed to allocate memory for perf_event array: %s",
2083 		      strerror(errno));
2084 		return -1;
2085 	}
2086 	map_fd = bpf_map__fd(obj->maps.events);
2087 	if (map_fd < 0) {
2088 		p_err("failed to get fd for events map");
2089 		return -1;
2090 	}
2091 
2092 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
2093 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
2094 			continue;
2095 		for (cpu = 0; cpu < obj->rodata->num_cpu; cpu++) {
2096 			pmu_fd = syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, &metrics[m].attr,
2097 					 -1/*pid*/, cpu, -1/*group_fd*/, 0);
2098 			if (pmu_fd < 0 ||
2099 			    bpf_map_update_elem(map_fd, &profile_perf_event_cnt,
2100 						&pmu_fd, BPF_ANY) ||
2101 			    ioctl(pmu_fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE, 0)) {
2102 				p_err("failed to create event %s on cpu %d",
2103 				      metrics[m].name, cpu);
2104 				return -1;
2105 			}
2106 			profile_perf_events[profile_perf_event_cnt++] = pmu_fd;
2107 		}
2108 	}
2109 	return 0;
2110 }
2111 
2112 static void profile_print_and_cleanup(void)
2113 {
2114 	profile_close_perf_events(profile_obj);
2115 	profile_read_values(profile_obj);
2116 	profile_print_readings();
2117 	profiler_bpf__destroy(profile_obj);
2118 
2119 	close(profile_tgt_fd);
2120 	free(profile_tgt_name);
2121 }
2122 
2123 static void int_exit(int signo)
2124 {
2125 	profile_print_and_cleanup();
2126 	exit(0);
2127 }
2128 
2129 static int do_profile(int argc, char **argv)
2130 {
2131 	int num_metric, num_cpu, err = -1;
2132 	struct bpf_program *prog;
2133 	unsigned long duration;
2134 	char *endptr;
2135 
2136 	/* we at least need two args for the prog and one metric */
2137 	if (!REQ_ARGS(3))
2138 		return -EINVAL;
2139 
2140 	/* parse target fd */
2141 	profile_tgt_fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
2142 	if (profile_tgt_fd < 0) {
2143 		p_err("failed to parse fd");
2144 		return -1;
2145 	}
2146 
2147 	/* parse profiling optional duration */
2148 	if (argc > 2 && is_prefix(argv[0], "duration")) {
2149 		NEXT_ARG();
2150 		duration = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
2151 		if (*endptr)
2152 			usage();
2153 		NEXT_ARG();
2154 	} else {
2155 		duration = UINT_MAX;
2156 	}
2157 
2158 	num_metric = profile_parse_metrics(argc, argv);
2159 	if (num_metric <= 0)
2160 		goto out;
2161 
2162 	num_cpu = libbpf_num_possible_cpus();
2163 	if (num_cpu <= 0) {
2164 		p_err("failed to identify number of CPUs");
2165 		goto out;
2166 	}
2167 
2168 	profile_obj = profiler_bpf__open();
2169 	if (!profile_obj) {
2170 		p_err("failed to open and/or load BPF object");
2171 		goto out;
2172 	}
2173 
2174 	profile_obj->rodata->num_cpu = num_cpu;
2175 	profile_obj->rodata->num_metric = num_metric;
2176 
2177 	/* adjust map sizes */
2178 	bpf_map__resize(profile_obj->maps.events, num_metric * num_cpu);
2179 	bpf_map__resize(profile_obj->maps.fentry_readings, num_metric);
2180 	bpf_map__resize(profile_obj->maps.accum_readings, num_metric);
2181 	bpf_map__resize(profile_obj->maps.counts, 1);
2182 
2183 	/* change target name */
2184 	profile_tgt_name = profile_target_name(profile_tgt_fd);
2185 	if (!profile_tgt_name)
2186 		goto out;
2187 
2188 	bpf_object__for_each_program(prog, profile_obj->obj) {
2189 		err = bpf_program__set_attach_target(prog, profile_tgt_fd,
2190 						     profile_tgt_name);
2191 		if (err) {
2192 			p_err("failed to set attach target\n");
2193 			goto out;
2194 		}
2195 	}
2196 
2197 	set_max_rlimit();
2198 	err = profiler_bpf__load(profile_obj);
2199 	if (err) {
2200 		p_err("failed to load profile_obj");
2201 		goto out;
2202 	}
2203 
2204 	err = profile_open_perf_events(profile_obj);
2205 	if (err)
2206 		goto out;
2207 
2208 	err = profiler_bpf__attach(profile_obj);
2209 	if (err) {
2210 		p_err("failed to attach profile_obj");
2211 		goto out;
2212 	}
2213 	signal(SIGINT, int_exit);
2214 
2215 	sleep(duration);
2216 	profile_print_and_cleanup();
2217 	return 0;
2218 
2219 out:
2220 	profile_close_perf_events(profile_obj);
2221 	if (profile_obj)
2222 		profiler_bpf__destroy(profile_obj);
2223 	close(profile_tgt_fd);
2224 	free(profile_tgt_name);
2225 	return err;
2226 }
2227 
2228 #endif /* BPFTOOL_WITHOUT_SKELETONS */
2229 
2230 static int do_help(int argc, char **argv)
2231 {
2232 	if (json_output) {
2233 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
2234 		return 0;
2235 	}
2236 
2237 	fprintf(stderr,
2238 		"Usage: %1$s %2$s { show | list } [PROG]\n"
2239 		"       %1$s %2$s dump xlated PROG [{ file FILE | opcodes | visual | linum }]\n"
2240 		"       %1$s %2$s dump jited  PROG [{ file FILE | opcodes | linum }]\n"
2241 		"       %1$s %2$s pin   PROG FILE\n"
2242 		"       %1$s %2$s { load | loadall } OBJ  PATH \\\n"
2243 		"                         [type TYPE] [dev NAME] \\\n"
2244 		"                         [map { idx IDX | name NAME } MAP]\\\n"
2245 		"                         [pinmaps MAP_DIR]\n"
2246 		"       %1$s %2$s attach PROG ATTACH_TYPE [MAP]\n"
2247 		"       %1$s %2$s detach PROG ATTACH_TYPE [MAP]\n"
2248 		"       %1$s %2$s run PROG \\\n"
2249 		"                         data_in FILE \\\n"
2250 		"                         [data_out FILE [data_size_out L]] \\\n"
2251 		"                         [ctx_in FILE [ctx_out FILE [ctx_size_out M]]] \\\n"
2252 		"                         [repeat N]\n"
2253 		"       %1$s %2$s profile PROG [duration DURATION] METRICs\n"
2254 		"       %1$s %2$s tracelog\n"
2255 		"       %1$s %2$s help\n"
2256 		"\n"
2257 		"       " HELP_SPEC_MAP "\n"
2258 		"       " HELP_SPEC_PROGRAM "\n"
2259 		"       TYPE := { socket | kprobe | kretprobe | classifier | action |\n"
2260 		"                 tracepoint | raw_tracepoint | xdp | perf_event | cgroup/skb |\n"
2261 		"                 cgroup/sock | cgroup/dev | lwt_in | lwt_out | lwt_xmit |\n"
2262 		"                 lwt_seg6local | sockops | sk_skb | sk_msg | lirc_mode2 |\n"
2263 		"                 sk_reuseport | flow_dissector | cgroup/sysctl |\n"
2264 		"                 cgroup/bind4 | cgroup/bind6 | cgroup/post_bind4 |\n"
2265 		"                 cgroup/post_bind6 | cgroup/connect4 | cgroup/connect6 |\n"
2266 		"                 cgroup/getpeername4 | cgroup/getpeername6 |\n"
2267 		"                 cgroup/getsockname4 | cgroup/getsockname6 | cgroup/sendmsg4 |\n"
2268 		"                 cgroup/sendmsg6 | cgroup/recvmsg4 | cgroup/recvmsg6 |\n"
2269 		"                 cgroup/getsockopt | cgroup/setsockopt | cgroup/sock_release |\n"
2270 		"                 struct_ops | fentry | fexit | freplace | sk_lookup }\n"
2271 		"       ATTACH_TYPE := { msg_verdict | skb_verdict | stream_verdict |\n"
2272 		"                        stream_parser | flow_dissector }\n"
2273 		"       METRIC := { cycles | instructions | l1d_loads | llc_misses | itlb_misses | dtlb_misses }\n"
2274 		"       " HELP_SPEC_OPTIONS " |\n"
2275 		"                    {-f|--bpffs} | {-m|--mapcompat} | {-n|--nomount} |\n"
2276 		"                    {-L|--use-loader} }\n"
2277 		"",
2278 		bin_name, argv[-2]);
2279 
2280 	return 0;
2281 }
2282 
2283 static const struct cmd cmds[] = {
2284 	{ "show",	do_show },
2285 	{ "list",	do_show },
2286 	{ "help",	do_help },
2287 	{ "dump",	do_dump },
2288 	{ "pin",	do_pin },
2289 	{ "load",	do_load },
2290 	{ "loadall",	do_loadall },
2291 	{ "attach",	do_attach },
2292 	{ "detach",	do_detach },
2293 	{ "tracelog",	do_tracelog },
2294 	{ "run",	do_run },
2295 	{ "profile",	do_profile },
2296 	{ 0 }
2297 };
2298 
2299 int do_prog(int argc, char **argv)
2300 {
2301 	return cmd_select(cmds, argc, argv, do_help);
2302 }
2303