1 /* 2 * linux/arch/arm/mm/mmu.c 3 * 4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Russell King 5 * 6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as 8 * published by the Free Software Foundation. 9 */ 10 #include <linux/module.h> 11 #include <linux/kernel.h> 12 #include <linux/errno.h> 13 #include <linux/init.h> 14 #include <linux/mman.h> 15 #include <linux/nodemask.h> 16 #include <linux/memblock.h> 17 #include <linux/fs.h> 18 19 #include <asm/cputype.h> 20 #include <asm/sections.h> 21 #include <asm/cachetype.h> 22 #include <asm/setup.h> 23 #include <asm/sizes.h> 24 #include <asm/smp_plat.h> 25 #include <asm/tlb.h> 26 #include <asm/highmem.h> 27 #include <asm/traps.h> 28 29 #include <asm/mach/arch.h> 30 #include <asm/mach/map.h> 31 32 #include "mm.h" 33 34 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mmu_gather, mmu_gathers); 35 36 /* 37 * empty_zero_page is a special page that is used for 38 * zero-initialized data and COW. 39 */ 40 struct page *empty_zero_page; 41 EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page); 42 43 /* 44 * The pmd table for the upper-most set of pages. 45 */ 46 pmd_t *top_pmd; 47 48 #define CPOLICY_UNCACHED 0 49 #define CPOLICY_BUFFERED 1 50 #define CPOLICY_WRITETHROUGH 2 51 #define CPOLICY_WRITEBACK 3 52 #define CPOLICY_WRITEALLOC 4 53 54 static unsigned int cachepolicy __initdata = CPOLICY_WRITEBACK; 55 static unsigned int ecc_mask __initdata = 0; 56 pgprot_t pgprot_user; 57 pgprot_t pgprot_kernel; 58 59 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pgprot_user); 60 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pgprot_kernel); 61 62 struct cachepolicy { 63 const char policy[16]; 64 unsigned int cr_mask; 65 unsigned int pmd; 66 pteval_t pte; 67 }; 68 69 static struct cachepolicy cache_policies[] __initdata = { 70 { 71 .policy = "uncached", 72 .cr_mask = CR_W|CR_C, 73 .pmd = PMD_SECT_UNCACHED, 74 .pte = L_PTE_MT_UNCACHED, 75 }, { 76 .policy = "buffered", 77 .cr_mask = CR_C, 78 .pmd = PMD_SECT_BUFFERED, 79 .pte = L_PTE_MT_BUFFERABLE, 80 }, { 81 .policy = "writethrough", 82 .cr_mask = 0, 83 .pmd = PMD_SECT_WT, 84 .pte = L_PTE_MT_WRITETHROUGH, 85 }, { 86 .policy = "writeback", 87 .cr_mask = 0, 88 .pmd = PMD_SECT_WB, 89 .pte = L_PTE_MT_WRITEBACK, 90 }, { 91 .policy = "writealloc", 92 .cr_mask = 0, 93 .pmd = PMD_SECT_WBWA, 94 .pte = L_PTE_MT_WRITEALLOC, 95 } 96 }; 97 98 /* 99 * These are useful for identifying cache coherency 100 * problems by allowing the cache or the cache and 101 * writebuffer to be turned off. (Note: the write 102 * buffer should not be on and the cache off). 103 */ 104 static int __init early_cachepolicy(char *p) 105 { 106 int i; 107 108 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cache_policies); i++) { 109 int len = strlen(cache_policies[i].policy); 110 111 if (memcmp(p, cache_policies[i].policy, len) == 0) { 112 cachepolicy = i; 113 cr_alignment &= ~cache_policies[i].cr_mask; 114 cr_no_alignment &= ~cache_policies[i].cr_mask; 115 break; 116 } 117 } 118 if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(cache_policies)) 119 printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: unknown or unsupported cache policy\n"); 120 /* 121 * This restriction is partly to do with the way we boot; it is 122 * unpredictable to have memory mapped using two different sets of 123 * memory attributes (shared, type, and cache attribs). We can not 124 * change these attributes once the initial assembly has setup the 125 * page tables. 126 */ 127 if (cpu_architecture() >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6) { 128 printk(KERN_WARNING "Only cachepolicy=writeback supported on ARMv6 and later\n"); 129 cachepolicy = CPOLICY_WRITEBACK; 130 } 131 flush_cache_all(); 132 set_cr(cr_alignment); 133 return 0; 134 } 135 early_param("cachepolicy", early_cachepolicy); 136 137 static int __init early_nocache(char *__unused) 138 { 139 char *p = "buffered"; 140 printk(KERN_WARNING "nocache is deprecated; use cachepolicy=%s\n", p); 141 early_cachepolicy(p); 142 return 0; 143 } 144 early_param("nocache", early_nocache); 145 146 static int __init early_nowrite(char *__unused) 147 { 148 char *p = "uncached"; 149 printk(KERN_WARNING "nowb is deprecated; use cachepolicy=%s\n", p); 150 early_cachepolicy(p); 151 return 0; 152 } 153 early_param("nowb", early_nowrite); 154 155 static int __init early_ecc(char *p) 156 { 157 if (memcmp(p, "on", 2) == 0) 158 ecc_mask = PMD_PROTECTION; 159 else if (memcmp(p, "off", 3) == 0) 160 ecc_mask = 0; 161 return 0; 162 } 163 early_param("ecc", early_ecc); 164 165 static int __init noalign_setup(char *__unused) 166 { 167 cr_alignment &= ~CR_A; 168 cr_no_alignment &= ~CR_A; 169 set_cr(cr_alignment); 170 return 1; 171 } 172 __setup("noalign", noalign_setup); 173 174 #ifndef CONFIG_SMP 175 void adjust_cr(unsigned long mask, unsigned long set) 176 { 177 unsigned long flags; 178 179 mask &= ~CR_A; 180 181 set &= mask; 182 183 local_irq_save(flags); 184 185 cr_no_alignment = (cr_no_alignment & ~mask) | set; 186 cr_alignment = (cr_alignment & ~mask) | set; 187 188 set_cr((get_cr() & ~mask) | set); 189 190 local_irq_restore(flags); 191 } 192 #endif 193 194 #define PROT_PTE_DEVICE L_PTE_PRESENT|L_PTE_YOUNG|L_PTE_DIRTY|L_PTE_XN 195 #define PROT_SECT_DEVICE PMD_TYPE_SECT|PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE 196 197 static struct mem_type mem_types[] = { 198 [MT_DEVICE] = { /* Strongly ordered / ARMv6 shared device */ 199 .prot_pte = PROT_PTE_DEVICE | L_PTE_MT_DEV_SHARED | 200 L_PTE_SHARED, 201 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 202 .prot_sect = PROT_SECT_DEVICE | PMD_SECT_S, 203 .domain = DOMAIN_IO, 204 }, 205 [MT_DEVICE_NONSHARED] = { /* ARMv6 non-shared device */ 206 .prot_pte = PROT_PTE_DEVICE | L_PTE_MT_DEV_NONSHARED, 207 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 208 .prot_sect = PROT_SECT_DEVICE, 209 .domain = DOMAIN_IO, 210 }, 211 [MT_DEVICE_CACHED] = { /* ioremap_cached */ 212 .prot_pte = PROT_PTE_DEVICE | L_PTE_MT_DEV_CACHED, 213 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 214 .prot_sect = PROT_SECT_DEVICE | PMD_SECT_WB, 215 .domain = DOMAIN_IO, 216 }, 217 [MT_DEVICE_WC] = { /* ioremap_wc */ 218 .prot_pte = PROT_PTE_DEVICE | L_PTE_MT_DEV_WC, 219 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 220 .prot_sect = PROT_SECT_DEVICE, 221 .domain = DOMAIN_IO, 222 }, 223 [MT_UNCACHED] = { 224 .prot_pte = PROT_PTE_DEVICE, 225 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 226 .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_XN, 227 .domain = DOMAIN_IO, 228 }, 229 [MT_CACHECLEAN] = { 230 .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_XN, 231 .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL, 232 }, 233 [MT_MINICLEAN] = { 234 .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_XN | PMD_SECT_MINICACHE, 235 .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL, 236 }, 237 [MT_LOW_VECTORS] = { 238 .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY | 239 L_PTE_RDONLY, 240 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 241 .domain = DOMAIN_USER, 242 }, 243 [MT_HIGH_VECTORS] = { 244 .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY | 245 L_PTE_USER | L_PTE_RDONLY, 246 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 247 .domain = DOMAIN_USER, 248 }, 249 [MT_MEMORY] = { 250 .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY, 251 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 252 .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE, 253 .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL, 254 }, 255 [MT_ROM] = { 256 .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT, 257 .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL, 258 }, 259 [MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED] = { 260 .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY | 261 L_PTE_MT_BUFFERABLE, 262 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 263 .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE, 264 .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL, 265 }, 266 [MT_MEMORY_DTCM] = { 267 .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY | 268 L_PTE_XN, 269 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 270 .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_XN, 271 .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL, 272 }, 273 [MT_MEMORY_ITCM] = { 274 .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY, 275 .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE, 276 .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL, 277 }, 278 }; 279 280 const struct mem_type *get_mem_type(unsigned int type) 281 { 282 return type < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types) ? &mem_types[type] : NULL; 283 } 284 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_mem_type); 285 286 /* 287 * Adjust the PMD section entries according to the CPU in use. 288 */ 289 static void __init build_mem_type_table(void) 290 { 291 struct cachepolicy *cp; 292 unsigned int cr = get_cr(); 293 unsigned int user_pgprot, kern_pgprot, vecs_pgprot; 294 int cpu_arch = cpu_architecture(); 295 int i; 296 297 if (cpu_arch < CPU_ARCH_ARMv6) { 298 #if defined(CONFIG_CPU_DCACHE_DISABLE) 299 if (cachepolicy > CPOLICY_BUFFERED) 300 cachepolicy = CPOLICY_BUFFERED; 301 #elif defined(CONFIG_CPU_DCACHE_WRITETHROUGH) 302 if (cachepolicy > CPOLICY_WRITETHROUGH) 303 cachepolicy = CPOLICY_WRITETHROUGH; 304 #endif 305 } 306 if (cpu_arch < CPU_ARCH_ARMv5) { 307 if (cachepolicy >= CPOLICY_WRITEALLOC) 308 cachepolicy = CPOLICY_WRITEBACK; 309 ecc_mask = 0; 310 } 311 if (is_smp()) 312 cachepolicy = CPOLICY_WRITEALLOC; 313 314 /* 315 * Strip out features not present on earlier architectures. 316 * Pre-ARMv5 CPUs don't have TEX bits. Pre-ARMv6 CPUs or those 317 * without extended page tables don't have the 'Shared' bit. 318 */ 319 if (cpu_arch < CPU_ARCH_ARMv5) 320 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types); i++) 321 mem_types[i].prot_sect &= ~PMD_SECT_TEX(7); 322 if ((cpu_arch < CPU_ARCH_ARMv6 || !(cr & CR_XP)) && !cpu_is_xsc3()) 323 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types); i++) 324 mem_types[i].prot_sect &= ~PMD_SECT_S; 325 326 /* 327 * ARMv5 and lower, bit 4 must be set for page tables (was: cache 328 * "update-able on write" bit on ARM610). However, Xscale and 329 * Xscale3 require this bit to be cleared. 330 */ 331 if (cpu_is_xscale() || cpu_is_xsc3()) { 332 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types); i++) { 333 mem_types[i].prot_sect &= ~PMD_BIT4; 334 mem_types[i].prot_l1 &= ~PMD_BIT4; 335 } 336 } else if (cpu_arch < CPU_ARCH_ARMv6) { 337 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types); i++) { 338 if (mem_types[i].prot_l1) 339 mem_types[i].prot_l1 |= PMD_BIT4; 340 if (mem_types[i].prot_sect) 341 mem_types[i].prot_sect |= PMD_BIT4; 342 } 343 } 344 345 /* 346 * Mark the device areas according to the CPU/architecture. 347 */ 348 if (cpu_is_xsc3() || (cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6 && (cr & CR_XP))) { 349 if (!cpu_is_xsc3()) { 350 /* 351 * Mark device regions on ARMv6+ as execute-never 352 * to prevent speculative instruction fetches. 353 */ 354 mem_types[MT_DEVICE].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_XN; 355 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_NONSHARED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_XN; 356 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_CACHED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_XN; 357 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_XN; 358 } 359 if (cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv7 && (cr & CR_TRE)) { 360 /* 361 * For ARMv7 with TEX remapping, 362 * - shared device is SXCB=1100 363 * - nonshared device is SXCB=0100 364 * - write combine device mem is SXCB=0001 365 * (Uncached Normal memory) 366 */ 367 mem_types[MT_DEVICE].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(1); 368 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_NONSHARED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(1); 369 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_BUFFERABLE; 370 } else if (cpu_is_xsc3()) { 371 /* 372 * For Xscale3, 373 * - shared device is TEXCB=00101 374 * - nonshared device is TEXCB=01000 375 * - write combine device mem is TEXCB=00100 376 * (Inner/Outer Uncacheable in xsc3 parlance) 377 */ 378 mem_types[MT_DEVICE].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(1) | PMD_SECT_BUFFERED; 379 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_NONSHARED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(2); 380 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(1); 381 } else { 382 /* 383 * For ARMv6 and ARMv7 without TEX remapping, 384 * - shared device is TEXCB=00001 385 * - nonshared device is TEXCB=01000 386 * - write combine device mem is TEXCB=00100 387 * (Uncached Normal in ARMv6 parlance). 388 */ 389 mem_types[MT_DEVICE].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_BUFFERED; 390 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_NONSHARED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(2); 391 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(1); 392 } 393 } else { 394 /* 395 * On others, write combining is "Uncached/Buffered" 396 */ 397 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_BUFFERABLE; 398 } 399 400 /* 401 * Now deal with the memory-type mappings 402 */ 403 cp = &cache_policies[cachepolicy]; 404 vecs_pgprot = kern_pgprot = user_pgprot = cp->pte; 405 406 /* 407 * Only use write-through for non-SMP systems 408 */ 409 if (!is_smp() && cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv5 && cachepolicy > CPOLICY_WRITETHROUGH) 410 vecs_pgprot = cache_policies[CPOLICY_WRITETHROUGH].pte; 411 412 /* 413 * Enable CPU-specific coherency if supported. 414 * (Only available on XSC3 at the moment.) 415 */ 416 if (arch_is_coherent() && cpu_is_xsc3()) { 417 mem_types[MT_MEMORY].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_S; 418 mem_types[MT_MEMORY].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED; 419 mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_S; 420 mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED; 421 } 422 /* 423 * ARMv6 and above have extended page tables. 424 */ 425 if (cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6 && (cr & CR_XP)) { 426 /* 427 * Mark cache clean areas and XIP ROM read only 428 * from SVC mode and no access from userspace. 429 */ 430 mem_types[MT_ROM].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_APX|PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE; 431 mem_types[MT_MINICLEAN].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_APX|PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE; 432 mem_types[MT_CACHECLEAN].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_APX|PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE; 433 434 if (is_smp()) { 435 /* 436 * Mark memory with the "shared" attribute 437 * for SMP systems 438 */ 439 user_pgprot |= L_PTE_SHARED; 440 kern_pgprot |= L_PTE_SHARED; 441 vecs_pgprot |= L_PTE_SHARED; 442 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_S; 443 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED; 444 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_CACHED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_S; 445 mem_types[MT_DEVICE_CACHED].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED; 446 mem_types[MT_MEMORY].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_S; 447 mem_types[MT_MEMORY].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED; 448 mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_S; 449 mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED; 450 } 451 } 452 453 /* 454 * Non-cacheable Normal - intended for memory areas that must 455 * not cause dirty cache line writebacks when used 456 */ 457 if (cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6) { 458 if (cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv7 && (cr & CR_TRE)) { 459 /* Non-cacheable Normal is XCB = 001 */ 460 mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_sect |= 461 PMD_SECT_BUFFERED; 462 } else { 463 /* For both ARMv6 and non-TEX-remapping ARMv7 */ 464 mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_sect |= 465 PMD_SECT_TEX(1); 466 } 467 } else { 468 mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_BUFFERABLE; 469 } 470 471 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) { 472 unsigned long v = pgprot_val(protection_map[i]); 473 protection_map[i] = __pgprot(v | user_pgprot); 474 } 475 476 mem_types[MT_LOW_VECTORS].prot_pte |= vecs_pgprot; 477 mem_types[MT_HIGH_VECTORS].prot_pte |= vecs_pgprot; 478 479 pgprot_user = __pgprot(L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | user_pgprot); 480 pgprot_kernel = __pgprot(L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | 481 L_PTE_DIRTY | kern_pgprot); 482 483 mem_types[MT_LOW_VECTORS].prot_l1 |= ecc_mask; 484 mem_types[MT_HIGH_VECTORS].prot_l1 |= ecc_mask; 485 mem_types[MT_MEMORY].prot_sect |= ecc_mask | cp->pmd; 486 mem_types[MT_MEMORY].prot_pte |= kern_pgprot; 487 mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_sect |= ecc_mask; 488 mem_types[MT_ROM].prot_sect |= cp->pmd; 489 490 switch (cp->pmd) { 491 case PMD_SECT_WT: 492 mem_types[MT_CACHECLEAN].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_WT; 493 break; 494 case PMD_SECT_WB: 495 case PMD_SECT_WBWA: 496 mem_types[MT_CACHECLEAN].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_WB; 497 break; 498 } 499 printk("Memory policy: ECC %sabled, Data cache %s\n", 500 ecc_mask ? "en" : "dis", cp->policy); 501 502 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types); i++) { 503 struct mem_type *t = &mem_types[i]; 504 if (t->prot_l1) 505 t->prot_l1 |= PMD_DOMAIN(t->domain); 506 if (t->prot_sect) 507 t->prot_sect |= PMD_DOMAIN(t->domain); 508 } 509 } 510 511 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM_DMA_MEM_BUFFERABLE 512 pgprot_t phys_mem_access_prot(struct file *file, unsigned long pfn, 513 unsigned long size, pgprot_t vma_prot) 514 { 515 if (!pfn_valid(pfn)) 516 return pgprot_noncached(vma_prot); 517 else if (file->f_flags & O_SYNC) 518 return pgprot_writecombine(vma_prot); 519 return vma_prot; 520 } 521 EXPORT_SYMBOL(phys_mem_access_prot); 522 #endif 523 524 #define vectors_base() (vectors_high() ? 0xffff0000 : 0) 525 526 static void __init *early_alloc(unsigned long sz) 527 { 528 void *ptr = __va(memblock_alloc(sz, sz)); 529 memset(ptr, 0, sz); 530 return ptr; 531 } 532 533 static pte_t * __init early_pte_alloc(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long prot) 534 { 535 if (pmd_none(*pmd)) { 536 pte_t *pte = early_alloc(PTE_HWTABLE_OFF + PTE_HWTABLE_SIZE); 537 __pmd_populate(pmd, __pa(pte), prot); 538 } 539 BUG_ON(pmd_bad(*pmd)); 540 return pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr); 541 } 542 543 static void __init alloc_init_pte(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, 544 unsigned long end, unsigned long pfn, 545 const struct mem_type *type) 546 { 547 pte_t *pte = early_pte_alloc(pmd, addr, type->prot_l1); 548 do { 549 set_pte_ext(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, __pgprot(type->prot_pte)), 0); 550 pfn++; 551 } while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end); 552 } 553 554 static void __init alloc_init_section(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr, 555 unsigned long end, phys_addr_t phys, 556 const struct mem_type *type) 557 { 558 pmd_t *pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr); 559 560 /* 561 * Try a section mapping - end, addr and phys must all be aligned 562 * to a section boundary. Note that PMDs refer to the individual 563 * L1 entries, whereas PGDs refer to a group of L1 entries making 564 * up one logical pointer to an L2 table. 565 */ 566 if (((addr | end | phys) & ~SECTION_MASK) == 0) { 567 pmd_t *p = pmd; 568 569 if (addr & SECTION_SIZE) 570 pmd++; 571 572 do { 573 *pmd = __pmd(phys | type->prot_sect); 574 phys += SECTION_SIZE; 575 } while (pmd++, addr += SECTION_SIZE, addr != end); 576 577 flush_pmd_entry(p); 578 } else { 579 /* 580 * No need to loop; pte's aren't interested in the 581 * individual L1 entries. 582 */ 583 alloc_init_pte(pmd, addr, end, __phys_to_pfn(phys), type); 584 } 585 } 586 587 static void alloc_init_pud(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end, 588 unsigned long phys, const struct mem_type *type) 589 { 590 pud_t *pud = pud_offset(pgd, addr); 591 unsigned long next; 592 593 do { 594 next = pud_addr_end(addr, end); 595 alloc_init_section(pud, addr, next, phys, type); 596 phys += next - addr; 597 } while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end); 598 } 599 600 static void __init create_36bit_mapping(struct map_desc *md, 601 const struct mem_type *type) 602 { 603 unsigned long addr, length, end; 604 phys_addr_t phys; 605 pgd_t *pgd; 606 607 addr = md->virtual; 608 phys = __pfn_to_phys(md->pfn); 609 length = PAGE_ALIGN(md->length); 610 611 if (!(cpu_architecture() >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6 || cpu_is_xsc3())) { 612 printk(KERN_ERR "MM: CPU does not support supersection " 613 "mapping for 0x%08llx at 0x%08lx\n", 614 (long long)__pfn_to_phys((u64)md->pfn), addr); 615 return; 616 } 617 618 /* N.B. ARMv6 supersections are only defined to work with domain 0. 619 * Since domain assignments can in fact be arbitrary, the 620 * 'domain == 0' check below is required to insure that ARMv6 621 * supersections are only allocated for domain 0 regardless 622 * of the actual domain assignments in use. 623 */ 624 if (type->domain) { 625 printk(KERN_ERR "MM: invalid domain in supersection " 626 "mapping for 0x%08llx at 0x%08lx\n", 627 (long long)__pfn_to_phys((u64)md->pfn), addr); 628 return; 629 } 630 631 if ((addr | length | __pfn_to_phys(md->pfn)) & ~SUPERSECTION_MASK) { 632 printk(KERN_ERR "MM: cannot create mapping for 0x%08llx" 633 " at 0x%08lx invalid alignment\n", 634 (long long)__pfn_to_phys((u64)md->pfn), addr); 635 return; 636 } 637 638 /* 639 * Shift bits [35:32] of address into bits [23:20] of PMD 640 * (See ARMv6 spec). 641 */ 642 phys |= (((md->pfn >> (32 - PAGE_SHIFT)) & 0xF) << 20); 643 644 pgd = pgd_offset_k(addr); 645 end = addr + length; 646 do { 647 pud_t *pud = pud_offset(pgd, addr); 648 pmd_t *pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr); 649 int i; 650 651 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) 652 *pmd++ = __pmd(phys | type->prot_sect | PMD_SECT_SUPER); 653 654 addr += SUPERSECTION_SIZE; 655 phys += SUPERSECTION_SIZE; 656 pgd += SUPERSECTION_SIZE >> PGDIR_SHIFT; 657 } while (addr != end); 658 } 659 660 /* 661 * Create the page directory entries and any necessary 662 * page tables for the mapping specified by `md'. We 663 * are able to cope here with varying sizes and address 664 * offsets, and we take full advantage of sections and 665 * supersections. 666 */ 667 static void __init create_mapping(struct map_desc *md) 668 { 669 unsigned long addr, length, end; 670 phys_addr_t phys; 671 const struct mem_type *type; 672 pgd_t *pgd; 673 674 if (md->virtual != vectors_base() && md->virtual < TASK_SIZE) { 675 printk(KERN_WARNING "BUG: not creating mapping for 0x%08llx" 676 " at 0x%08lx in user region\n", 677 (long long)__pfn_to_phys((u64)md->pfn), md->virtual); 678 return; 679 } 680 681 if ((md->type == MT_DEVICE || md->type == MT_ROM) && 682 md->virtual >= PAGE_OFFSET && md->virtual < VMALLOC_END) { 683 printk(KERN_WARNING "BUG: mapping for 0x%08llx" 684 " at 0x%08lx overlaps vmalloc space\n", 685 (long long)__pfn_to_phys((u64)md->pfn), md->virtual); 686 } 687 688 type = &mem_types[md->type]; 689 690 /* 691 * Catch 36-bit addresses 692 */ 693 if (md->pfn >= 0x100000) { 694 create_36bit_mapping(md, type); 695 return; 696 } 697 698 addr = md->virtual & PAGE_MASK; 699 phys = __pfn_to_phys(md->pfn); 700 length = PAGE_ALIGN(md->length + (md->virtual & ~PAGE_MASK)); 701 702 if (type->prot_l1 == 0 && ((addr | phys | length) & ~SECTION_MASK)) { 703 printk(KERN_WARNING "BUG: map for 0x%08llx at 0x%08lx can not " 704 "be mapped using pages, ignoring.\n", 705 (long long)__pfn_to_phys(md->pfn), addr); 706 return; 707 } 708 709 pgd = pgd_offset_k(addr); 710 end = addr + length; 711 do { 712 unsigned long next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end); 713 714 alloc_init_pud(pgd, addr, next, phys, type); 715 716 phys += next - addr; 717 addr = next; 718 } while (pgd++, addr != end); 719 } 720 721 /* 722 * Create the architecture specific mappings 723 */ 724 void __init iotable_init(struct map_desc *io_desc, int nr) 725 { 726 int i; 727 728 for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) 729 create_mapping(io_desc + i); 730 } 731 732 static void * __initdata vmalloc_min = (void *)(VMALLOC_END - SZ_128M); 733 734 /* 735 * vmalloc=size forces the vmalloc area to be exactly 'size' 736 * bytes. This can be used to increase (or decrease) the vmalloc 737 * area - the default is 128m. 738 */ 739 static int __init early_vmalloc(char *arg) 740 { 741 unsigned long vmalloc_reserve = memparse(arg, NULL); 742 743 if (vmalloc_reserve < SZ_16M) { 744 vmalloc_reserve = SZ_16M; 745 printk(KERN_WARNING 746 "vmalloc area too small, limiting to %luMB\n", 747 vmalloc_reserve >> 20); 748 } 749 750 if (vmalloc_reserve > VMALLOC_END - (PAGE_OFFSET + SZ_32M)) { 751 vmalloc_reserve = VMALLOC_END - (PAGE_OFFSET + SZ_32M); 752 printk(KERN_WARNING 753 "vmalloc area is too big, limiting to %luMB\n", 754 vmalloc_reserve >> 20); 755 } 756 757 vmalloc_min = (void *)(VMALLOC_END - vmalloc_reserve); 758 return 0; 759 } 760 early_param("vmalloc", early_vmalloc); 761 762 static phys_addr_t lowmem_limit __initdata = 0; 763 764 static void __init sanity_check_meminfo(void) 765 { 766 int i, j, highmem = 0; 767 768 lowmem_limit = __pa(vmalloc_min - 1) + 1; 769 memblock_set_current_limit(lowmem_limit); 770 771 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < meminfo.nr_banks; i++) { 772 struct membank *bank = &meminfo.bank[j]; 773 *bank = meminfo.bank[i]; 774 775 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM 776 if (__va(bank->start) > vmalloc_min || 777 __va(bank->start) < (void *)PAGE_OFFSET) 778 highmem = 1; 779 780 bank->highmem = highmem; 781 782 /* 783 * Split those memory banks which are partially overlapping 784 * the vmalloc area greatly simplifying things later. 785 */ 786 if (__va(bank->start) < vmalloc_min && 787 bank->size > vmalloc_min - __va(bank->start)) { 788 if (meminfo.nr_banks >= NR_BANKS) { 789 printk(KERN_CRIT "NR_BANKS too low, " 790 "ignoring high memory\n"); 791 } else { 792 memmove(bank + 1, bank, 793 (meminfo.nr_banks - i) * sizeof(*bank)); 794 meminfo.nr_banks++; 795 i++; 796 bank[1].size -= vmalloc_min - __va(bank->start); 797 bank[1].start = __pa(vmalloc_min - 1) + 1; 798 bank[1].highmem = highmem = 1; 799 j++; 800 } 801 bank->size = vmalloc_min - __va(bank->start); 802 } 803 #else 804 bank->highmem = highmem; 805 806 /* 807 * Check whether this memory bank would entirely overlap 808 * the vmalloc area. 809 */ 810 if (__va(bank->start) >= vmalloc_min || 811 __va(bank->start) < (void *)PAGE_OFFSET) { 812 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Ignoring RAM at %.8llx-%.8llx " 813 "(vmalloc region overlap).\n", 814 (unsigned long long)bank->start, 815 (unsigned long long)bank->start + bank->size - 1); 816 continue; 817 } 818 819 /* 820 * Check whether this memory bank would partially overlap 821 * the vmalloc area. 822 */ 823 if (__va(bank->start + bank->size) > vmalloc_min || 824 __va(bank->start + bank->size) < __va(bank->start)) { 825 unsigned long newsize = vmalloc_min - __va(bank->start); 826 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Truncating RAM at %.8llx-%.8llx " 827 "to -%.8llx (vmalloc region overlap).\n", 828 (unsigned long long)bank->start, 829 (unsigned long long)bank->start + bank->size - 1, 830 (unsigned long long)bank->start + newsize - 1); 831 bank->size = newsize; 832 } 833 #endif 834 j++; 835 } 836 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM 837 if (highmem) { 838 const char *reason = NULL; 839 840 if (cache_is_vipt_aliasing()) { 841 /* 842 * Interactions between kmap and other mappings 843 * make highmem support with aliasing VIPT caches 844 * rather difficult. 845 */ 846 reason = "with VIPT aliasing cache"; 847 } 848 if (reason) { 849 printk(KERN_CRIT "HIGHMEM is not supported %s, ignoring high memory\n", 850 reason); 851 while (j > 0 && meminfo.bank[j - 1].highmem) 852 j--; 853 } 854 } 855 #endif 856 meminfo.nr_banks = j; 857 } 858 859 static inline void prepare_page_table(void) 860 { 861 unsigned long addr; 862 phys_addr_t end; 863 864 /* 865 * Clear out all the mappings below the kernel image. 866 */ 867 for (addr = 0; addr < MODULES_VADDR; addr += PGDIR_SIZE) 868 pmd_clear(pmd_off_k(addr)); 869 870 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL 871 /* The XIP kernel is mapped in the module area -- skip over it */ 872 addr = ((unsigned long)_etext + PGDIR_SIZE - 1) & PGDIR_MASK; 873 #endif 874 for ( ; addr < PAGE_OFFSET; addr += PGDIR_SIZE) 875 pmd_clear(pmd_off_k(addr)); 876 877 /* 878 * Find the end of the first block of lowmem. 879 */ 880 end = memblock.memory.regions[0].base + memblock.memory.regions[0].size; 881 if (end >= lowmem_limit) 882 end = lowmem_limit; 883 884 /* 885 * Clear out all the kernel space mappings, except for the first 886 * memory bank, up to the end of the vmalloc region. 887 */ 888 for (addr = __phys_to_virt(end); 889 addr < VMALLOC_END; addr += PGDIR_SIZE) 890 pmd_clear(pmd_off_k(addr)); 891 } 892 893 /* 894 * Reserve the special regions of memory 895 */ 896 void __init arm_mm_memblock_reserve(void) 897 { 898 /* 899 * Reserve the page tables. These are already in use, 900 * and can only be in node 0. 901 */ 902 memblock_reserve(__pa(swapper_pg_dir), PTRS_PER_PGD * sizeof(pgd_t)); 903 904 #ifdef CONFIG_SA1111 905 /* 906 * Because of the SA1111 DMA bug, we want to preserve our 907 * precious DMA-able memory... 908 */ 909 memblock_reserve(PHYS_OFFSET, __pa(swapper_pg_dir) - PHYS_OFFSET); 910 #endif 911 } 912 913 /* 914 * Set up device the mappings. Since we clear out the page tables for all 915 * mappings above VMALLOC_END, we will remove any debug device mappings. 916 * This means you have to be careful how you debug this function, or any 917 * called function. This means you can't use any function or debugging 918 * method which may touch any device, otherwise the kernel _will_ crash. 919 */ 920 static void __init devicemaps_init(struct machine_desc *mdesc) 921 { 922 struct map_desc map; 923 unsigned long addr; 924 925 /* 926 * Allocate the vector page early. 927 */ 928 vectors_page = early_alloc(PAGE_SIZE); 929 930 for (addr = VMALLOC_END; addr; addr += PGDIR_SIZE) 931 pmd_clear(pmd_off_k(addr)); 932 933 /* 934 * Map the kernel if it is XIP. 935 * It is always first in the modulearea. 936 */ 937 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL 938 map.pfn = __phys_to_pfn(CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR & SECTION_MASK); 939 map.virtual = MODULES_VADDR; 940 map.length = ((unsigned long)_etext - map.virtual + ~SECTION_MASK) & SECTION_MASK; 941 map.type = MT_ROM; 942 create_mapping(&map); 943 #endif 944 945 /* 946 * Map the cache flushing regions. 947 */ 948 #ifdef FLUSH_BASE 949 map.pfn = __phys_to_pfn(FLUSH_BASE_PHYS); 950 map.virtual = FLUSH_BASE; 951 map.length = SZ_1M; 952 map.type = MT_CACHECLEAN; 953 create_mapping(&map); 954 #endif 955 #ifdef FLUSH_BASE_MINICACHE 956 map.pfn = __phys_to_pfn(FLUSH_BASE_PHYS + SZ_1M); 957 map.virtual = FLUSH_BASE_MINICACHE; 958 map.length = SZ_1M; 959 map.type = MT_MINICLEAN; 960 create_mapping(&map); 961 #endif 962 963 /* 964 * Create a mapping for the machine vectors at the high-vectors 965 * location (0xffff0000). If we aren't using high-vectors, also 966 * create a mapping at the low-vectors virtual address. 967 */ 968 map.pfn = __phys_to_pfn(virt_to_phys(vectors_page)); 969 map.virtual = 0xffff0000; 970 map.length = PAGE_SIZE; 971 map.type = MT_HIGH_VECTORS; 972 create_mapping(&map); 973 974 if (!vectors_high()) { 975 map.virtual = 0; 976 map.type = MT_LOW_VECTORS; 977 create_mapping(&map); 978 } 979 980 /* 981 * Ask the machine support to map in the statically mapped devices. 982 */ 983 if (mdesc->map_io) 984 mdesc->map_io(); 985 986 /* 987 * Finally flush the caches and tlb to ensure that we're in a 988 * consistent state wrt the writebuffer. This also ensures that 989 * any write-allocated cache lines in the vector page are written 990 * back. After this point, we can start to touch devices again. 991 */ 992 local_flush_tlb_all(); 993 flush_cache_all(); 994 } 995 996 static void __init kmap_init(void) 997 { 998 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM 999 pkmap_page_table = early_pte_alloc(pmd_off_k(PKMAP_BASE), 1000 PKMAP_BASE, _PAGE_KERNEL_TABLE); 1001 #endif 1002 } 1003 1004 static void __init map_lowmem(void) 1005 { 1006 struct memblock_region *reg; 1007 1008 /* Map all the lowmem memory banks. */ 1009 for_each_memblock(memory, reg) { 1010 phys_addr_t start = reg->base; 1011 phys_addr_t end = start + reg->size; 1012 struct map_desc map; 1013 1014 if (end > lowmem_limit) 1015 end = lowmem_limit; 1016 if (start >= end) 1017 break; 1018 1019 map.pfn = __phys_to_pfn(start); 1020 map.virtual = __phys_to_virt(start); 1021 map.length = end - start; 1022 map.type = MT_MEMORY; 1023 1024 create_mapping(&map); 1025 } 1026 } 1027 1028 /* 1029 * paging_init() sets up the page tables, initialises the zone memory 1030 * maps, and sets up the zero page, bad page and bad page tables. 1031 */ 1032 void __init paging_init(struct machine_desc *mdesc) 1033 { 1034 void *zero_page; 1035 1036 build_mem_type_table(); 1037 sanity_check_meminfo(); 1038 prepare_page_table(); 1039 map_lowmem(); 1040 devicemaps_init(mdesc); 1041 kmap_init(); 1042 1043 top_pmd = pmd_off_k(0xffff0000); 1044 1045 /* allocate the zero page. */ 1046 zero_page = early_alloc(PAGE_SIZE); 1047 1048 bootmem_init(); 1049 1050 empty_zero_page = virt_to_page(zero_page); 1051 __flush_dcache_page(NULL, empty_zero_page); 1052 } 1053