Merge tag 'v5.18'

Linux 5.18

Merge branches 'fixes' and 'misc' into for-linus

Merge branch 'for-5.18/amd-sfh' into for-linus

- dead code elimination (Christophe JAILLET)

Merge tag 'v5.17-rc4' into for-linus

Merge with mainline to get the Intel ASoC generic helpers header and
other changes.

Merge tag 'v5.17-rc4' into next

Sync up with mainline to get the latest changes in HID subsystem.

Merge remote-tracking branch 'drm/drm-next' into drm-misc-next

First backmerge into drm-misc-next. Required for more helpers backmerged,
and to pull in 5.17 (rc2).

Signed-off-by: Maarten Lankhorst

Merge remote-tracking branch 'drm/drm-next' into drm-misc-next

First backmerge into drm-misc-next. Required for more helpers backmerged,
and to pull in 5.17 (rc2).

Signed-off-by: Maarten Lankhorst <maarten.lankhorst@linux.intel.com>

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Merge tag 'kvmarm-fixes-5.17-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kvmarm/kvmarm into HEAD

KVM/arm64 fixes for 5.17, take #2

- A couple of fixes when handling an exception while a SEr

Merge tag 'kvmarm-fixes-5.17-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kvmarm/kvmarm into HEAD

KVM/arm64 fixes for 5.17, take #2

- A couple of fixes when handling an exception while a SError has been
delivered

- Workaround for Cortex-A510's single-step[ erratum

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Merge drm/drm-next into drm-intel-gt-next

Backmerge to bring in 5.17-rc2 to introduce a common baseline
to merge i915_regs changes from drm-intel-next.

Signed-off-by: Joonas Lahtinen <joonas.lahtin

Merge drm/drm-next into drm-intel-gt-next

Backmerge to bring in 5.17-rc2 to introduce a common baseline
to merge i915_regs changes from drm-intel-next.

Signed-off-by: Joonas Lahtinen <joonas.lahtinen@linux.intel.com>

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Merge drm/drm-next into drm-intel-next

Catch-up with 5.17-rc2 and trying to align with drm-intel-gt-next
for a possible topic branch for merging the split of i915_regs...

Signed-off-by: Rodrigo Viv

Merge drm/drm-next into drm-intel-next

Catch-up with 5.17-rc2 and trying to align with drm-intel-gt-next
for a possible topic branch for merging the split of i915_regs...

Signed-off-by: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@intel.com>

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Merge drm/drm-fixes into drm-misc-fixes

Backmerging drm/drm-fixes into drm-misc-fixes for v5.17-rc1.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Zimmermann <tzimmermann@suse.de>

Merge branch 'next' into for-linus

Prepare input updates for 5.17 merge window.

Merge remote-tracking branch 'torvalds/master' into perf/core

To pick up fixes and get in line with other trees, powerpc kernel
mostly this time, but BPF as well.

Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de

Merge remote-tracking branch 'torvalds/master' into perf/core

To pick up fixes and get in line with other trees, powerpc kernel
mostly this time, but BPF as well.

Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

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Merge tag 'fscache-rewrite-20220111' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs

Pull fscache rewrite from David Howells:
"This is a set of patches that rewrites the fscache

Merge tag 'fscache-rewrite-20220111' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs

Pull fscache rewrite from David Howells:
"This is a set of patches that rewrites the fscache driver and the
cachefiles driver, significantly simplifying the code compared to
what's upstream, removing the complex operation scheduling and object
state machine in favour of something much smaller and simpler.

The series is structured such that the first few patches disable
fscache use by the network filesystems using it, remove the cachefiles
driver entirely and as much of the fscache driver as can be got away
with without causing build failures in the network filesystems.

The patches after that recreate fscache and then cachefiles,
attempting to add the pieces in a logical order. Finally, the
filesystems are reenabled and then the very last patch changes the
documentation.

[!] Note: I have dropped the cifs patch for the moment, leaving local
caching in cifs disabled. I've been having trouble getting that
working. I think I have it done, but it needs more testing (there
seem to be some test failures occurring with v5.16 also from
xfstests), so I propose deferring that patch to the end of the
merge window.

WHY REWRITE?
============

Fscache's operation scheduling API was intended to handle sequencing
of cache operations, which were all required (where possible) to run
asynchronously in parallel with the operations being done by the
network filesystem, whilst allowing the cache to be brought online and
offline and to interrupt service for invalidation.

With the advent of the tmpfile capacity in the VFS, however, an
opportunity arises to do invalidation much more simply, without having
to wait for I/O that's actually in progress: Cachefiles can simply
create a tmpfile, cut over the file pointer for the backing object
attached to a cookie and abandon the in-progress I/O, dismissing it
upon completion.

Future work here would involve using Omar Sandoval's vfs_link() with
AT_LINK_REPLACE[1] to allow an extant file to be displaced by a new
hard link from a tmpfile as currently I have to unlink the old file
first.

These patches can also simplify the object state handling as I/O
operations to the cache don't all have to be brought to a stop in
order to invalidate a file. To that end, and with an eye on to writing
a new backing cache model in the future, I've taken the opportunity to
simplify the indexing structure.

I've separated the index cookie concept from the file cookie concept
by C type now. The former is now called a "volume cookie" (struct
fscache_volume) and there is a container of file cookies. There are
then just the two levels. All the index cookie levels are collapsed
into a single volume cookie, and this has a single printable string as
a key. For instance, an AFS volume would have a key of something like
"afs,example.com,1000555", combining the filesystem name, cell name
and volume ID. This is freeform, but must not have '/' chars in it.

I've also eliminated all pointers back from fscache into the network
filesystem. This required the duplication of a little bit of data in
the cookie (cookie key, coherency data and file size), but it's not
actually that much. This gets rid of problems with making sure we keep
netfs data structures around so that the cache can access them.

These patches mean that most of the code that was in the drivers
before is simply gone and those drivers are now almost entirely new
code. That being the case, there doesn't seem any particular reason to
try and maintain bisectability across it. Further, there has to be a
point in the middle where things are cut over as there's a single
point everything has to go through (ie. /dev/cachefiles) and it can't
be in use by two drivers at once.

ISSUES YET OUTSTANDING
======================

There are some issues still outstanding, unaddressed by this patchset,
that will need fixing in future patchsets, but that don't stop this
series from being usable:

(1) The cachefiles driver needs to stop using the backing filesystem's
metadata to store information about what parts of the cache are
populated. This is not reliable with modern extent-based
filesystems.

Fixing this is deferred to a separate patchset as it involves
negotiation with the network filesystem and the VM as to how much
data to download to fulfil a read - which brings me on to (2)...

(2) NFS (and CIFS with the dropped patch) do not take account of how
the cache would like I/O to be structured to meet its granularity
requirements. Previously, the cache used page granularity, which
was fine as the network filesystems also dealt in page
granularity, and the backing filesystem (ext4, xfs or whatever)
did whatever it did out of sight. However, we now have folios to
deal with and the cache will now have to store its own metadata to
track its contents.

The change I'm looking at making for cachefiles is to store
content bitmaps in one or more xattrs and making a bit in the map
correspond to something like a 256KiB block. However, the size of
an xattr and the fact that they have to be read/updated in one go
means that I'm looking at covering 1GiB of data per 512-byte map
and storing each map in an xattr. Cachefiles has the potential to
grow into a fully fledged filesystem of its very own if I'm not
careful.

However, I'm also looking at changing things even more radically
and going to a different model of how the cache is arranged and
managed - one that's more akin to the way, say, openafs does
things - which brings me on to (3)...

(3) The way cachefilesd does culling is very inefficient for large
caches and it would be better to move it into the kernel if I can
as cachefilesd has to keep asking the kernel if it can cull a
file. Changing the way the backend works would allow this to be
addressed.

BITS THAT MAY BE CONTROVERSIAL
==============================

There are some bits I've added that may be controversial:

(1) I've provided a flag, S_KERNEL_FILE, that cachefiles uses to check
if a files is already being used by some other kernel service
(e.g. a duplicate cachefiles cache in the same directory) and
reject it if it is. This isn't entirely necessary, but it helps
prevent accidental data corruption.

I don't want to use S_SWAPFILE as that has other effects, but
quite possibly swapon() should set S_KERNEL_FILE too.

Note that it doesn't prevent userspace from interfering, though
perhaps it should. (I have made it prevent a marked directory from
being rmdir-able).

(2) Cachefiles wants to keep the backing file for a cookie open whilst
we might need to write to it from network filesystem writeback.
The problem is that the network filesystem unuses its cookie when
its file is closed, and so we have nothing pinning the cachefiles
file open and it will get closed automatically after a short time
to avoid EMFILE/ENFILE problems.

Reopening the cache file, however, is a problem if this is being
done due to writeback triggered by exit(). Some filesystems will
oops if we try to open a file in that context because they want to
access current->fs or suchlike.

To get around this, I added the following:

(A) An inode flag, I_PINNING_FSCACHE_WB, to be set on a network
filesystem inode to indicate that we have a usage count on the
cookie caching that inode.

(B) A flag in struct writeback_control, unpinned_fscache_wb, that
is set when __writeback_single_inode() clears the last dirty
page from i_pages - at which point it clears
I_PINNING_FSCACHE_WB and sets this flag.

This has to be done here so that clearing I_PINNING_FSCACHE_WB
can be done atomically with the check of PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY
that clears I_DIRTY_PAGES.

(C) A function, fscache_set_page_dirty(), which if it is not set,
sets I_PINNING_FSCACHE_WB and calls fscache_use_cookie() to
pin the cache resources.

(D) A function, fscache_unpin_writeback(), to be called by
->write_inode() to unuse the cookie.

(E) A function, fscache_clear_inode_writeback(), to be called when
the inode is evicted, before clear_inode() is called. This
cleans up any lingering I_PINNING_FSCACHE_WB.

The network filesystem can then use these tools to make sure that
fscache_write_to_cache() can write locally modified data to the
cache as well as to the server.

For the future, I'm working on write helpers for netfs lib that
should allow this facility to be removed by keeping track of the
dirty regions separately - but that's incomplete at the moment and
is also going to be affected by folios, one way or another, since
it deals with pages"

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/510611.1641942444@warthog.procyon.org.uk/
Tested-by: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org> # 9p
Tested-by: kafs-testing@auristor.com # afs
Tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org> # ceph
Tested-by: Dave Wysochanski <dwysocha@redhat.com> # nfs
Tested-by: Daire Byrne <daire@dneg.com> # nfs

* tag 'fscache-rewrite-20220111' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs: (67 commits)
9p, afs, ceph, nfs: Use current_is_kswapd() rather than gfpflags_allow_blocking()
fscache: Add a tracepoint for cookie use/unuse
fscache: Rewrite documentation
ceph: add fscache writeback support
ceph: conversion to new fscache API
nfs: Implement cache I/O by accessing the cache directly
nfs: Convert to new fscache volume/cookie API
9p: Copy local writes to the cache when writing to the server
9p: Use fscache indexing rewrite and reenable caching
afs: Skip truncation on the server of data we haven't written yet
afs: Copy local writes to the cache when writing to the server
afs: Convert afs to use the new fscache API
fscache, cachefiles: Display stat of culling events
fscache, cachefiles: Display stats of no-space events
cachefiles: Allow cachefiles to actually function
fscache, cachefiles: Store the volume coherency data
cachefiles: Implement the I/O routines
cachefiles: Implement cookie resize for truncate
cachefiles: Implement begin and end I/O operation
cachefiles: Implement backing file wrangling
...

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cachefiles: Implement key to filename encoding

Implement a function to encode a binary cookie key as something that can be
used as a filename. Four options are considered:

(1) All printable chars

cachefiles: Implement key to filename encoding

Implement a function to encode a binary cookie key as something that can be
used as a filename. Four options are considered:

(1) All printable chars with no '/' characters. Prepend a 'D' to indicate
the encoding but otherwise use as-is.

(2) Appears to be an array of __be32. Encode as 'S' plus a list of
hex-encoded 32-bit ints separated by commas. If a number is 0, it is
rendered as "" instead of "0".

(3) Appears to be an array of __le32. Encoded as (2) but with a 'T'
encoding prefix.

(4) Encoded as base64 with an 'E' prefix plus a second char indicating how
much padding is involved. A non-standard base64 encoding is used
because '/' cannot be used in the encoded form.

If (1) is not possible, whichever of (2), (3) or (4) produces the shortest
string is selected (hex-encoding a number may be less dense than base64
encoding it).

Note that the prefix characters have to be selected from the set [DEIJST@]
lest cachefilesd remove the files because it recognise the name.

Changes
=======
ver #2:
- Fix a short allocation that didn't allow for a string terminator[1]

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/bcefb8f2-576a-b3fc-cc29-89808ebfd7c1@linux.alibaba.com/ [1]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163819640393.215744.15212364106412961104.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163906940529.143852.17352132319136117053.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163967149827.1823006.6088580775428487961.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164021549223.640689.14762875188193982341.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4

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Merge branch 'reset/of-get-optional-exclusive' of git://git.pengutronix.de/pza/linux into timers/drivers/next

"Add optional variant of of_reset_control_get_exclusive(). If the
requested reset is not

Merge branch 'reset/of-get-optional-exclusive' of git://git.pengutronix.de/pza/linux into timers/drivers/next

"Add optional variant of of_reset_control_get_exclusive(). If the
requested reset is not specified in the device tree, this function
returns NULL instead of an error."

This dependency is needed for the Generic Timer Module (a.k.a OSTM)
support for RZ/G2L.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>

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Merge tag 'v5.15' into next

Sync up with the mainline to get the latest APIs and DT bindings.

Merge branch 'for-5.16-vsprintf-pgp' into for-linus

Merge branch 'pruss-fix' into fixes

Merge in a fix for pruss reset issue caused by enabling pruss for am335x.

Merge tag 'v5.15-rc2' into spi-5.15

Linux 5.15-rc2

Merge drm/drm-next into drm-intel-next

Catch-up on 5.15-rc1 and sync with drm-intel-gt-next
to prepare the PXP topic branch.

Signed-off-by: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@intel.com>

Merge drm/drm-next into drm-intel-gt-next

Close the divergence which has caused patches not to apply and
have a solid baseline for the PXP patches that Rodrigo will send
a topic branch PR for.

Sign

Merge drm/drm-next into drm-intel-gt-next

Close the divergence which has caused patches not to apply and
have a solid baseline for the PXP patches that Rodrigo will send
a topic branch PR for.

Signed-off-by: Joonas Lahtinen <joonas.lahtinen@linux.intel.com>

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Merge drm/drm-next into drm-misc-next

Kickstart new drm-misc-next cycle.

Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <maxime@cerno.tech>

Merge branch 'linus' into smp/urgent

Ensure that all usage sites of get/put_online_cpus() except for the
struggler in drivers/thermal are gone. So the last user and the deprecated
inlines can be rem

Merge branch 'linus' into smp/urgent

Ensure that all usage sites of get/put_online_cpus() except for the
struggler in drivers/thermal are gone. So the last user and the deprecated
inlines can be removed.

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Merge tag 'fscache-next-20210829' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs

Pull fscache updates from David Howells:
"Preparatory work for the fscache rewrite that's being

Merge tag 'fscache-next-20210829' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs

Pull fscache updates from David Howells:
"Preparatory work for the fscache rewrite that's being worked on and
fix some bugs. These include:

- Always select netfs stats when enabling fscache stats since they're
displayed through the same procfile.

- Add a cookie debug ID that can be used in tracepoints instead of a
pointer and cache it in the netfs_cache_resources struct rather
than in the netfs_read_request struct to make it more available.

- Use file_inode() in cachefiles rather than dereferencing
file->f_inode directly.

- Provide a procfile to display fscache cookies.

- Remove the fscache and cachefiles histogram procfiles.

- Remove the fscache object list procfile.

- Avoid using %p in fscache and cachefiles as the value is hashed and
not comparable to the register dump in an oops trace.

- Fix the cookie hash function to actually achieve useful dispersion.

- Fix fscache_cookie_put() so that it doesn't dereference the cookie
pointer in the tracepoint after the refcount has been decremented
(we're only allowed to do that if we decremented it to zero).

- Use refcount_t rather than atomic_t for the fscache_cookie
refcount"

* tag 'fscache-next-20210829' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs:
fscache: Use refcount_t for the cookie refcount instead of atomic_t
fscache: Fix fscache_cookie_put() to not deref after dec
fscache: Fix cookie key hashing
cachefiles: Change %p in format strings to something else
fscache: Change %p in format strings to something else
fscache: Remove the object list procfile
fscache, cachefiles: Remove the histogram stuff
fscache: Procfile to display cookies
fscache: Add a cookie debug ID and use that in traces
cachefiles: Use file_inode() rather than accessing ->f_inode
netfs: Move cookie debug ID to struct netfs_cache_resources
fscache: Select netfs stats if fscache stats are enabled

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cachefiles: Change %p in format strings to something else

Change plain %p in format strings in cachefiles code to something more
useful, since %p is now hashed before printing and thus no longer mat

cachefiles: Change %p in format strings to something else

Change plain %p in format strings in cachefiles code to something more
useful, since %p is now hashed before printing and thus no longer matches
the contents of an oops register dump.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/160588476042.3465195.6837847445880367183.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # rfc
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/162431200692.2908479.9253374494073633778.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/

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