License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

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Merge tag 'clk-renesas-for-v4.15-tag1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/geert/renesas-drivers into clk-next

Pull Renesas clk driver updates from Geert Uytterhoeven:

- Add support

Merge tag 'clk-renesas-for-v4.15-tag1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/geert/renesas-drivers into clk-next

Pull Renesas clk driver updates from Geert Uytterhoeven:

- Add support for the new R-Car V3M SoC,
- Small fixes and cleanups.

* tag 'clk-renesas-for-v4.15-tag1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/geert/renesas-drivers:
clk: renesas: rcar-gen2: Delete error message for failed memory allocation
clk: renesas: mstp: Delete error messages for failed memory allocations
clk: renesas: cpg-mssr: Add R8A77970 support
dt-bindings: clock: Add R8A77970 CPG core clock definitions

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Merge tag 'v4.14-rc6' into next

Merge with mainline to bring in the timer API changes.

Merge branch 'x86/urgent' into x86/mm, to pick up fixes

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Merge tag 'v4.14-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux into fbdev-for-next

Linux 4.14-rc4

Merge airlied/drm-next into drm-misc-next

Just catching up with upstream.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>

Merge tag 'v4.14-rc2' into patchwork

Linux 4.14-rc2

* tag 'v4.14-rc2': (12066 commits)
Linux 4.14-rc2
tpm: ibmvtpm: simplify crq initialization and document crq format
tpm: replace msleep() w

Merge tag 'v4.14-rc2' into patchwork

Linux 4.14-rc2

* tag 'v4.14-rc2': (12066 commits)
Linux 4.14-rc2
tpm: ibmvtpm: simplify crq initialization and document crq format
tpm: replace msleep() with usleep_range() in TPM 1.2/2.0 generic drivers
Documentation: tpm: add powered-while-suspended binding documentation
tpm: tpm_crb: constify acpi_device_id.
tpm: vtpm: constify vio_device_id
security: fix description of values returned by cap_inode_need_killpriv
x86/asm: Fix inline asm call constraints for Clang
objtool: Handle another GCC stack pointer adjustment bug
inet: fix improper empty comparison
net: use inet6_rcv_saddr to compare sockets
net: set tb->fast_sk_family
net: orphan frags on stand-alone ptype in dev_queue_xmit_nit
MAINTAINERS: update git tree locations for ieee802154 subsystem
SMB3: Don't ignore O_SYNC/O_DSYNC and O_DIRECT flags
SMB3: handle new statx fields
arch: remove unused *_segments() macros/functions
parisc: Unbreak bootloader due to gcc-7 optimizations
parisc: Reintroduce option to gzip-compress the kernel
apparmor: fix apparmorfs DAC access permissions
...

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Merge drm-upstream/drm-next into drm-intel-next-queued

Need MST sideband message transaction to power up/down nodes.

Signed-off-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>

Merge tag 'v4.14-rc2' into k.o/for-next

Merge my for-next branch to Linux 4.14-rc2 and open up the for-next area
for 4.15 kernel development.

Signed-off-by: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>

Merge tag 'v4.14-rc2' into next-general

Linux 4.14-rc2

Sync to v4.14-rc2 for security subsystem developers to track.

Merge tag 'ib-mfd-many-v4.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lee/mfd into next

Merge "Immutable branch between MFD and many other subsystems due for
the v4.14 merge window" to get

Merge tag 'ib-mfd-many-v4.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lee/mfd into next

Merge "Immutable branch between MFD and many other subsystems due for
the v4.14 merge window" to get the TWL headers moved to the right place.

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Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' into drm-misc-fixes

Pick up 4.14-rc1

Signed-off-by: Sean Paul <seanpaul@chromium.org>

Merge tag 'v4.14-rc1' into asoc-rockchip

Linux 4.14-rc1

clk: renesas: cpg-mssr: Add R8A77970 support

Add R-Car V3M (R8A77970) Clock Pulse Generator / Module Standby and
Software Reset support, using the CPG/MSSR driver core and the common
R-Car Gen3 code

clk: renesas: cpg-mssr: Add R8A77970 support

Add R-Car V3M (R8A77970) Clock Pulse Generator / Module Standby and
Software Reset support, using the CPG/MSSR driver core and the common
R-Car Gen3 code.

Based on the original (and large) patch by Daisuke Matsushita
<daisuke.matsushita.ns@hitachi.com>.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Barinov <vladimir.barinov@cogentembedded.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sergei.shtylyov@cogentembedded.com>
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>

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Merge tag 'clk-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/clk/linux

Pull clk updates from Stephen Boyd:
"The diff is dominated by the Allwinner A10/A20 SoCs getting converted
to

Merge tag 'clk-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/clk/linux

Pull clk updates from Stephen Boyd:
"The diff is dominated by the Allwinner A10/A20 SoCs getting converted
to the sunxi-ng framework. Otherwise, the heavy hitters are various
drivers for SoCs like AT91, Amlogic, Renesas, and Rockchip. There are
some other new clk drivers in here too but overall this is just a
bunch of clk drivers for various different pieces of hardware and a
collection of non-critical fixes for clk drivers.

New Drivers:
- Allwinner R40 SoCs
- Renesas R-Car Gen3 USB 2.0 clock selector PHY
- Atmel AT91 audio PLL
- Uniphier PXs3 SoCs
- ARC HSDK Board PLLs
- AXS10X Board PLLs
- STMicroelectronics STM32H743 SoCs

Removed Drivers:
- Non-compiling mb86s7x support

Updates:
- Allwinner A10/A20 SoCs converted to sunxi-ng framework
- Allwinner H3 CPU clk fixes
- Renesas R-Car D3 SoC
- Renesas V2H and M3-W modules
- Samsung Exynos5420/5422/5800 audio fixes
- Rockchip fractional clk approximation fixes
- Rockchip rk3126 SoC support within the rk3128 driver
- Amlogic gxbb CEC32 and sd_emmc clks
- Amlogic meson8b reset controller support
- IDT VersaClock 5P49V5925/5P49V6901 support
- Qualcomm MSM8996 SMMU clks
- Various 'const' applications for struct clk_ops
- si5351 PLL reset bugfix
- Uniphier audio on LD11/LD20 and ethernet support on LD11/LD20/Pro4/PXs2
- Assorted Tegra clk driver fixes"

* tag 'clk-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/clk/linux: (120 commits)
clk: si5351: fix PLL reset
ASoC: atmel-classd: remove aclk clock
ASoC: atmel-classd: remove aclk clock from DT binding
clk: at91: clk-generated: make gclk determine audio_pll rate
clk: at91: clk-generated: create function to find best_diff
clk: at91: add audio pll clock drivers
dt-bindings: clk: at91: add audio plls to the compatible list
clk: at91: clk-generated: remove useless divisor loop
clk: mb86s7x: Drop non-building driver
clk: ti: check for null return in strrchr to avoid null dereferencing
clk: Don't write error code into divider register
clk: uniphier: add video input subsystem clock
clk: uniphier: add audio system clock
clk: stm32h7: Add stm32h743 clock driver
clk: gate: expose clk_gate_ops::is_enabled
clk: nxp: clk-lpc32xx: rename clk_gate_is_enabled()
clk: uniphier: add PXs3 clock data
clk: hi6220: change watchdog clock source
clk: Kconfig: Name RK805 in Kconfig for COMMON_CLK_RK808
clk: cs2000: Add cs2000_set_saved_rate
...

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Merge branches 'fixes' and 'misc' into for-linus

Merge tag 'clk-renesas-for-v4.14-tag1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/geert/renesas-drivers into clk-next

Pull Renesas clk driver updates from Geert Uytterhoeven:

* Add more mod

Merge tag 'clk-renesas-for-v4.14-tag1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/geert/renesas-drivers into clk-next

Pull Renesas clk driver updates from Geert Uytterhoeven:

* Add more module clocks for R-Car V2H and M3-W,
* Add support for the R-Car Gen3 USB 2.0 clock selector PHY,
* Add support for the new R-Car D3 SoC,
* Allow compile-testing of all (sub)drivers now all dummy infrastructure
is available,
* Small fixes and cleanups.

* tag 'clk-renesas-for-v4.14-tag1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/geert/renesas-drivers:
clk: renesas: r8a7796: Add USB3.0 clock
clk: renesas: rcar-usb2-clock-sel: Add R-Car USB 2.0 clock selector PHY
clk: renesas: cpg-mssr: Add R8A77995 support
clk: renesas: rcar-gen3: Add support for SCCG/Clean peripheral clocks
clk: renesas: rcar-gen3: Add divider support for PLL1 and PLL3
clk: renesas: Add r8a77995 CPG Core Clock Definitions
clk: renesas: rcar-gen3-cpg: Refactor checks for accessing the div table
clk: renesas: rcar-gen3-cpg: Drop superfluous variable
clk: renesas: Allow compile-testing of all (sub)drivers
clk: renesas: r8a7792: Add IMR-LX3/LSX3 clocks
clk: renesas: div6: Document fields used for parent selection

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clk: renesas: rcar-usb2-clock-sel: Add R-Car USB 2.0 clock selector PHY

R-Car USB 2.0 controller can change the clock source from an oscillator
to an external clock via a register. So, this patch ad

clk: renesas: rcar-usb2-clock-sel: Add R-Car USB 2.0 clock selector PHY

R-Car USB 2.0 controller can change the clock source from an oscillator
to an external clock via a register. So, this patch adds support
the clock source selector as a clock driver.

Signed-off-by: Yoshihiro Shimoda <yoshihiro.shimoda.uh@renesas.com>
Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>

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clk: renesas: cpg-mssr: Add R8A77995 support

Add R-Car D3 (R8A77995) Clock Pulse Generator / Module Standby and
Software Reset support, using the CPG/MSSR driver core and the common
R-Car Gen3 CPG c

clk: renesas: cpg-mssr: Add R8A77995 support

Add R-Car D3 (R8A77995) Clock Pulse Generator / Module Standby and
Software Reset support, using the CPG/MSSR driver core and the common
R-Car Gen3 CPG code.

Based on the R-Car Series, 3rd Generation Hardware User's Manual, Rev.
0.55, Jun. 30, 2017.

Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Acked-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

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Merge origin/master into drm-misc-fixes

Backmerge 4.13-rc5 into drm-misc-fixes, it was getting a
little stale.

Signed-off-by: Sean Paul <seanpaul@chromium.org>

Merge tag 'v4.13-rc1' into omap-for-v4.14/mmc-regulator

Linux v4.13-rc1

Merge branch 'for-linus' into for-next

Back-merge 4.13-rc devel branch for later development.

Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

Merge tag 'asoc-fix-v4.13-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/sound into for-linus

ASoC: Fixes for v4.13

Quite a few fixes here that have been sent since the merge window,

Merge tag 'asoc-fix-v4.13-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/sound into for-linus

ASoC: Fixes for v4.13

Quite a few fixes here that have been sent since the merge window, the
biggest one is the fix from Tony for some confusion with the device
property API which was causing issues with the of-graph card. This is
fixed with some changes in the graph API itself as it seemed very likely
to be error prone.

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Merge branch 'perf/urgent' into perf/core, to pick up latest fixes and refresh the tree

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Merge airlied/drm-next into drm-intel-next-queued

Resync with upstream to avoid git getting too badly confused. Also, we
have a conflict with the drm_vblank_cleanup removal, which cannot be
resolved

Merge airlied/drm-next into drm-intel-next-queued

Resync with upstream to avoid git getting too badly confused. Also, we
have a conflict with the drm_vblank_cleanup removal, which cannot be
resolved by simply taking our side. Bake that in properly.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>

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