kbuild: remove --include-dir MAKEFLAG from top Makefile

I added $(srctree)/ to some included Makefiles in the following commits:

- 3204a7fb98a3 ("kbuild: prefix $(srctree)/ to some included Makefi

kbuild: remove --include-dir MAKEFLAG from top Makefile

I added $(srctree)/ to some included Makefiles in the following commits:

- 3204a7fb98a3 ("kbuild: prefix $(srctree)/ to some included Makefiles")
- d82856395505 ("kbuild: do not require sub-make for separate output tree builds")

They were a preparation for removing --include-dir flag.

I have never thought --include-dir useful. Rather, it _is_ harmful.

For example, run the following commands:

$ make -s ARCH=x86 mrproper defconfig
$ make ARCH=arm O=foo dtbs
make[1]: Entering directory '/tmp/linux/foo'
HOSTCC scripts/basic/fixdep
Error: kernelrelease not valid - run 'make prepare' to update it
UPD include/config/kernel.release
make[1]: Leaving directory '/tmp/linux/foo'

The first command configures the source tree for x86. The next command
tries to build ARM device trees in the separate foo/ directory - this
must stop because the directory foo/ has not been configured yet.

However, due to --include-dir=$(abs_srctree), the top Makefile includes
the wrong include/config/auto.conf from the source tree and continues
building. Kbuild traverses the directory tree, but of course it does
not work correctly. The Error message is also pointless - 'make prepare'
does not help at all for fixing the issue.

This commit fixes more arch Makefile, and finally removes --include-dir
from the top Makefile.

There are more breakages under drivers/, but I do not volunteer to fix
them all. I just moved --include-dir to drivers/Makefile.

With this commit, the second command will stop with a sensible message.

$ make -s ARCH=x86 mrproper defconfig
$ make ARCH=arm O=foo dtbs
make[1]: Entering directory '/tmp/linux/foo'
SYNC include/config/auto.conf.cmd
***
*** The source tree is not clean, please run 'make ARCH=arm mrproper'
*** in /tmp/linux
***
make[2]: *** [../Makefile:646: outputmakefile] Error 1
/tmp/linux/Makefile:770: include/config/auto.conf.cmd: No such file or directory
make[1]: *** [/tmp/linux/Makefile:793: include/config/auto.conf.cmd] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/tmp/linux/foo'
make: *** [Makefile:226: __sub-make] Error 2

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

show more ...

MIPS: fix indentation of the 'RELOCS' message

quiet_cmd_relocs lacks a whitespace which results in:

LD vmlinux
SORTEX vmlinux
SYSMAP System.map
RELOCS vmlinux
Building modules, sta

MIPS: fix indentation of the 'RELOCS' message

quiet_cmd_relocs lacks a whitespace which results in:

LD vmlinux
SORTEX vmlinux
SYSMAP System.map
RELOCS vmlinux
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 64 modules

After this patch:

LD vmlinux
SORTEX vmlinux
SYSMAP System.map
RELOCS vmlinux
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 64 modules

Typo is present in kernel tree since the introduction of relocatable
kernel support in commit e818fac595ab ("MIPS: Generate relocation table
when CONFIG_RELOCATABLE"), but the relocation scripts were moved to
Makefile.postlink later with commit 44079d3509ae ("MIPS: Use
Makefile.postlink to insert relocations into vmlinux").

Fixes: 44079d3509ae ("MIPS: Use Makefile.postlink to insert relocations into vmlinux")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.11+
Signed-off-by: Alexander Lobakin <alobakin@dlink.ru>
[paulburton@kernel.org: Fixup commit references in commit message.]
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paulburton@kernel.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: James Hogan <jhogan@kernel.org>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-mips@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org

show more ...

MIPS: Check Loongson3 LL/SC errata workaround correctness

When Loongson3 LL/SC errata workarounds are enabled (ie.
CONFIG_CPU_LOONGSON3_WORKAROUNDS=y) run a tool to scan through the
compiled kernel

MIPS: Check Loongson3 LL/SC errata workaround correctness

When Loongson3 LL/SC errata workarounds are enabled (ie.
CONFIG_CPU_LOONGSON3_WORKAROUNDS=y) run a tool to scan through the
compiled kernel & ensure that the workaround is applied correctly. That
is, ensure that:

- Every LL or LLD instruction is preceded by a sync instruction.

- Any branches from within an LL/SC loop to outside of that loop
target a sync instruction.

Reasoning for these conditions can be found by reading the comment above
the definition of __SYNC_loongson3_war in arch/mips/include/asm/sync.h.

This tool will help ensure that we don't inadvertently introduce code
paths that miss the required workarounds.

Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: linux-mips@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhc@lemote.com>
Cc: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org

show more ...

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

show more ...

MIPS: Fix distclean with Makefile.postlink

The postlink Makefile must include include/config/auto.conf to get the
kernel configuration variables. But in a clean kernel directory this
file does not e

MIPS: Fix distclean with Makefile.postlink

The postlink Makefile must include include/config/auto.conf to get the
kernel configuration variables. But in a clean kernel directory this
file does not exist, causing make to bail with the error:

arch/mips/Makefile.postlink:10: include/config/auto.conf: No such file or directory
make[1]: *** No rule to make target 'include/config/auto.conf'. Stop.
Makefile:1290: recipe for target 'vmlinuxclean' failed

Fix this by using "-include" to not cause a Make error when the file
does not exist.

Fixes: 44079d3509ae ("MIPS: Use Makefile.postlink to insert relocations into vmlinux")
Signed-off-by: Matt Redfearn <matt.redfearn@imgtec.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/15136/
Signed-off-by: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>

show more ...

MIPS: Use Makefile.postlink to insert relocations into vmlinux

When relocatable support for MIPS was merged, there was no support for
an architecture to add a postlink step for vmlinux. This meant t

MIPS: Use Makefile.postlink to insert relocations into vmlinux

When relocatable support for MIPS was merged, there was no support for
an architecture to add a postlink step for vmlinux. This meant that only
invoking a target within the boot directory, such as uImage, caused the
relocations to be inserted into vmlinux. Building just the vmlinux
target would result in a relocatable kernel with no relocation
information present.

Commit fbe6e37dab97 ("kbuild: add arch specific post-link Makefile")
recified this situation, so MIPS can now define a postlink step to add
relocation information into vmlinux, and remove the additional steps
tacked onto boot targets.

Signed-off-by: Matt Redfearn <matt.redfearn@imgtec.com>
Tested-by: Steven J. Hill <steven.hill@cavium.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14554/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>

show more ...

MIPS: fix indentation of the 'RELOCS' message

quiet_cmd_relocs lacks a whitespace which results in:

LD vmlinux
SORTEX vmlinux
SYSMAP System.map
RELOCS vml

MIPS: fix indentation of the 'RELOCS' message

quiet_cmd_relocs lacks a whitespace which results in:

LD vmlinux
SORTEX vmlinux
SYSMAP System.map
RELOCS vmlinux
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 64 modules

After this patch:

LD vmlinux
SORTEX vmlinux
SYSMAP System.map
RELOCS vmlinux
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 64 modules

Typo is present in kernel tree since the introduction of relocatable
kernel support in commit e818fac595ab ("MIPS: Generate relocation table
when CONFIG_RELOCATABLE"), but the relocation scripts were moved to
Makefile.postlink later with commit 44079d3509ae ("MIPS: Use
Makefile.postlink to insert relocations into vmlinux").

Fixes: 44079d3509ae ("MIPS: Use Makefile.postlink to insert relocations into vmlinux")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.11+
Signed-off-by: Alexander Lobakin <alobakin@dlink.ru>
[paulburton@kernel.org: Fixup commit references in commit message.]
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paulburton@kernel.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: James Hogan <jhogan@kernel.org>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-mips@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org

show more ...

MIPS: Check Loongson3 LL/SC errata workaround correctness

When Loongson3 LL/SC errata workarounds are enabled (ie.
CONFIG_CPU_LOONGSON3_WORKAROUNDS=y) run a tool to scan through the

MIPS: Check Loongson3 LL/SC errata workaround correctness

When Loongson3 LL/SC errata workarounds are enabled (ie.
CONFIG_CPU_LOONGSON3_WORKAROUNDS=y) run a tool to scan through the
compiled kernel & ensure that the workaround is applied correctly. That
is, ensure that:

- Every LL or LLD instruction is preceded by a sync instruction.

- Any branches from within an LL/SC loop to outside of that loop
target a sync instruction.

Reasoning for these conditions can be found by reading the comment above
the definition of __SYNC_loongson3_war in arch/mips/include/asm/sync.h.

This tool will help ensure that we don't inadvertently introduce code
paths that miss the required workarounds.

Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: linux-mips@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhc@lemote.com>
Cc: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org

show more ...

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

show more ...

MIPS: Fix distclean with Makefile.postlink

The postlink Makefile must include include/config/auto.conf to get the
kernel configuration variables. But in a clean kernel directory this

MIPS: Fix distclean with Makefile.postlink

The postlink Makefile must include include/config/auto.conf to get the
kernel configuration variables. But in a clean kernel directory this
file does not exist, causing make to bail with the error:

arch/mips/Makefile.postlink:10: include/config/auto.conf: No such file or directory
make[1]: *** No rule to make target 'include/config/auto.conf'. Stop.
Makefile:1290: recipe for target 'vmlinuxclean' failed

Fix this by using "-include" to not cause a Make error when the file
does not exist.

Fixes: 44079d3509ae ("MIPS: Use Makefile.postlink to insert relocations into vmlinux")
Signed-off-by: Matt Redfearn <matt.redfearn@imgtec.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/15136/
Signed-off-by: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>

show more ...

MIPS: Use Makefile.postlink to insert relocations into vmlinux

When relocatable support for MIPS was merged, there was no support for
an architecture to add a postlink step for vmlinux.

MIPS: Use Makefile.postlink to insert relocations into vmlinux

When relocatable support for MIPS was merged, there was no support for
an architecture to add a postlink step for vmlinux. This meant that only
invoking a target within the boot directory, such as uImage, caused the
relocations to be inserted into vmlinux. Building just the vmlinux
target would result in a relocatable kernel with no relocation
information present.

Commit fbe6e37dab97 ("kbuild: add arch specific post-link Makefile")
recified this situation, so MIPS can now define a postlink step to add
relocation information into vmlinux, and remove the additional steps
tacked onto boot targets.

Signed-off-by: Matt Redfearn <matt.redfearn@imgtec.com>
Tested-by: Steven J. Hill <steven.hill@cavium.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14554/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>

show more ...