xref: /openbmc/u-boot/tools/buildman/README (revision e9c847c3)
1# Copyright (c) 2013 The Chromium OS Authors.
2#
3# SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
4#
5
6(Please read 'How to change from MAKEALL' if you are used to that tool)
7
8Quick-start
9===========
10
11If you just want to quickly set up buildman so you can build something (for
12example Raspberry Pi 2):
13
14   cd /path/to/u-boot
15   PATH=$PATH:`pwd`/tools/buildman
16   buildman --fetch-arch arm
17   buildman -k rpi_2
18   ls ../current/rpi_2
19   # u-boot.bin is the output image
20
21
22What is this?
23=============
24
25This tool handles building U-Boot to check that you have not broken it
26with your patch series. It can build each individual commit and report
27which boards fail on which commits, and which errors come up. It aims
28to make full use of multi-processor machines.
29
30A key feature of buildman is its output summary, which allows warnings,
31errors or image size increases in a particular commit or board to be
32quickly identified and the offending commit pinpointed. This can be a big
33help for anyone working with >10 patches at a time.
34
35
36Caveats
37=======
38
39Buildman can be stopped and restarted, in which case it will continue
40where it left off. This should happen cleanly and without side-effects.
41If not, it is a bug, for which a patch would be welcome.
42
43Buildman gets so tied up in its work that it can ignore the outside world.
44You may need to press Ctrl-C several times to quit it. Also it will print
45out various exceptions when stopped. You may have to kill it since the
46Ctrl-C handling is somewhat broken.
47
48
49Theory of Operation
50===================
51
52(please read this section in full twice or you will be perpetually confused)
53
54Buildman is a builder. It is not make, although it runs make. It does not
55produce any useful output on the terminal while building, except for
56progress information (except with -v, see below). All the output (errors,
57warnings and binaries if you ask for them) is stored in output
58directories, which you can look at while the build is progressing, or when
59it is finished.
60
61Buildman is designed to build entire git branches, i.e. muliple commits. It
62can be run repeatedly on the same branch. In this case it will automatically
63rebuild commits which have changed (and remove its old results for that
64commit). It is possible to build a branch for one board, then later build it
65for another board. If you want buildman to re-build a commit it has already
66built (e.g. because of a toolchain update), use the -f flag.
67
68Buildman produces a concise summary of which boards succeeded and failed.
69It shows which commit introduced which board failure using a simple
70red/green colour coding. Full error information can be requested, in which
71case it is de-duped and displayed against the commit that introduced the
72error. An example workflow is below.
73
74Buildman stores image size information and can report changes in image size
75from commit to commit. An example of this is below.
76
77Buildman starts multiple threads, and each thread builds for one board at
78a time. A thread starts at the first commit, configures the source for your
79board and builds it. Then it checks out the next commit and does an
80incremental build. Eventually the thread reaches the last commit and stops.
81If errors or warnings are found along the way, the thread will reconfigure
82after every commit, and your build will be very slow. This is because a
83file that produces just a warning would not normally be rebuilt in an
84incremental build.
85
86Buildman works in an entirely separate place from your U-Boot repository.
87It creates a separate working directory for each thread, and puts the
88output files in the working directory, organised by commit name and board
89name, in a two-level hierarchy.
90
91Buildman is invoked in your U-Boot directory, the one with the .git
92directory. It clones this repository into a copy for each thread, and the
93threads do not affect the state of your git repository. Any checkouts done
94by the thread affect only the working directory for that thread.
95
96Buildman automatically selects the correct tool chain for each board. You
97must supply suitable tool chains, but buildman takes care of selecting the
98right one.
99
100Buildman generally builds a branch (with the -b flag), and in this case
101builds the upstream commit as well, for comparison. It cannot build
102individual commits at present, unless (maybe) you point it at an empty
103branch. Put all your commits in a branch, set the branch's upstream to a
104valid value, and all will be well. Otherwise buildman will perform random
105actions. Use -n to check what the random actions might be.
106
107If you just want to build the current source tree, leave off the -b flag
108and add -e. This will display results and errors as they happen. You can
109still look at them later using -se. Note that buildman will assume that the
110source has changed, and will build all specified boards in this case.
111
112Buildman is optimised for building many commits at once, for many boards.
113On multi-core machines, Buildman is fast because it uses most of the
114available CPU power. When it gets to the end, or if you are building just
115a few commits or boards, it will be pretty slow. As a tip, if you don't
116plan to use your machine for anything else, you can use -T to increase the
117number of threads beyond the default.
118
119Buildman lets you build all boards, or a subset. Specify the subset by passing
120command-line arguments that list the desired board name, architecture name,
121SOC name, or anything else in the boards.cfg file. Multiple arguments are
122allowed. Each argument will be interpreted as a regular expression, so
123behaviour is a superset of exact or substring matching. Examples are:
124
125* 'tegra20'      All boards with a Tegra20 SoC
126* 'tegra'        All boards with any Tegra Soc (Tegra20, Tegra30, Tegra114...)
127* '^tegra[23]0$' All boards with either Tegra20 or Tegra30 SoC
128* 'powerpc'      All PowerPC boards
129
130While the default is to OR the terms together, you can also make use of
131the '&' operator to limit the selection:
132
133* 'freescale & arm sandbox'  All Freescale boards with ARM architecture,
134                             plus sandbox
135
136You can also use -x to specifically exclude some boards. For example:
137
138 buildmand arm -x nvidia,freescale,.*ball$
139
140means to build all arm boards except nvidia, freescale and anything ending
141with 'ball'.
142
143It is convenient to use the -n option to see what will be built based on
144the subset given.
145
146Buildman does not store intermediate object files. It optionally copies
147the binary output into a directory when a build is successful. Size
148information is always recorded. It needs a fair bit of disk space to work,
149typically 250MB per thread.
150
151
152Setting up
153==========
154
1551. Get the U-Boot source. You probably already have it, but if not these
156steps should get you started with a repo and some commits for testing.
157
158$ cd /path/to/u-boot
159$ git clone git://git.denx.de/u-boot.git .
160$ git checkout -b my-branch origin/master
161$ # Add some commits to the branch, reading for testing
162
1632. Create ~/.buildman to tell buildman where to find tool chains (see 'The
164.buildman file' later for details). As an example:
165
166# Buildman settings file
167
168[toolchain]
169root: /
170rest: /toolchains/*
171eldk: /opt/eldk-4.2
172arm: /opt/linaro/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.8-2013.08_linux
173aarch64: /opt/linaro/gcc-linaro-aarch64-none-elf-4.8-2013.10_linux
174
175[toolchain-alias]
176x86: i386
177blackfin: bfin
178nds32: nds32le
179openrisc: or1k
180
181
182This selects the available toolchain paths. Add the base directory for
183each of your toolchains here. Buildman will search inside these directories
184and also in any '/usr' and '/usr/bin' subdirectories.
185
186Make sure the tags (here root: rest: and eldk:) are unique.
187
188The toolchain-alias section indicates that the i386 toolchain should be used
189to build x86 commits.
190
191Note that you can also specific exactly toolchain prefixes if you like:
192
193[toolchain-prefix]
194arm: /opt/arm-eabi-4.6/bin/arm-eabi-
195
196or even:
197
198[toolchain-prefix]
199arm: /opt/arm-eabi-4.6/bin/arm-eabi-gcc
200
201This tells buildman that you want to use this exact toolchain for the arm
202architecture. This will override any toolchains found by searching using the
203[toolchain] settings.
204
205Since the toolchain prefix is an explicit request, buildman will report an
206error if a toolchain is not found with that prefix. The current PATH will be
207searched, so it is possible to use:
208
209[toolchain-prefix]
210arm: arm-none-eabi-
211
212and buildman will find arm-none-eabi-gcc in /usr/bin if you have it installed.
213
214[toolchain-wrapper]
215wrapper: ccache
216
217This tells buildman to use a compiler wrapper in front of CROSS_COMPILE. In
218this example, ccache. It doesn't affect the toolchain scan. The wrapper is
219added when CROSS_COMPILE environtal variable is set. The name in this
220section is ignored. If more than one line is provided, only the last one
221is taken.
222
2233. Make sure you have the require Python pre-requisites
224
225Buildman uses multiprocessing, Queue, shutil, StringIO, ConfigParser and
226urllib2. These should normally be available, but if you get an error like
227this then you will need to obtain those modules:
228
229    ImportError: No module named multiprocessing
230
231
2324. Check the available toolchains
233
234Run this check to make sure that you have a toolchain for every architecture.
235
236$ ./tools/buildman/buildman --list-tool-chains
237Scanning for tool chains
238   - scanning prefix '/opt/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-'
239Tool chain test:  OK, arch='x86', priority 1
240   - scanning prefix '/opt/arm-eabi-4.6/bin/arm-eabi-'
241Tool chain test:  OK, arch='arm', priority 1
242   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux'
243      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux/.'
244      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux/bin'
245         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux/bin/i386-linux-gcc'
246      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux/usr/bin'
247Tool chain test:  OK, arch='i386', priority 4
248   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux'
249      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/.'
250      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/bin'
251         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/bin/aarch64-linux-gcc'
252      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/usr/bin'
253Tool chain test:  OK, arch='aarch64', priority 4
254   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux'
255      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux/.'
256      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux/bin'
257         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux/bin/microblaze-linux-gcc'
258      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux/usr/bin'
259Tool chain test:  OK, arch='microblaze', priority 4
260   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux'
261      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux/.'
262      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux/bin'
263         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux/bin/mips64-linux-gcc'
264      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux/usr/bin'
265Tool chain test:  OK, arch='mips64', priority 4
266   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux'
267      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux/.'
268      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux/bin'
269         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux/bin/sparc64-linux-gcc'
270      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux/usr/bin'
271Tool chain test:  OK, arch='sparc64', priority 4
272   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi'
273      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/.'
274      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/bin'
275         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi-gcc'
276      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/usr/bin'
277Tool chain test:  OK, arch='arm', priority 3
278Toolchain '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi-gcc' at priority 3 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'arm' has priority 1
279   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux'
280      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux/.'
281      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin'
282         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin/sparc-linux-gcc'
283      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux/usr/bin'
284Tool chain test:  OK, arch='sparc', priority 4
285   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux'
286      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux/.'
287      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux/bin'
288         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux/bin/mips-linux-gcc'
289      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux/usr/bin'
290Tool chain test:  OK, arch='mips', priority 4
291   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux'
292      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/.'
293      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin'
294         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-gcc'
295         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-x86_64-linux-gcc'
296      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/usr/bin'
297Tool chain test:  OK, arch='x86_64', priority 4
298Tool chain test:  OK, arch='x86_64', priority 4
299Toolchain '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-x86_64-linux-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'x86_64' has priority 4
300   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux'
301      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux/.'
302      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin'
303         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin/m68k-linux-gcc'
304      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux/usr/bin'
305Tool chain test:  OK, arch='m68k', priority 4
306   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux'
307      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux/.'
308      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux/bin'
309         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux/bin/powerpc-linux-gcc'
310      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux/usr/bin'
311Tool chain test:  OK, arch='powerpc', priority 4
312   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux'
313      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux/.'
314      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux/bin'
315         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux/bin/bfin-uclinux-gcc'
316      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux/usr/bin'
317Tool chain test:  OK, arch='bfin', priority 6
318   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux'
319      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux/.'
320      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin'
321         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin/sparc-linux-gcc'
322      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux/usr/bin'
323Tool chain test:  OK, arch='sparc', priority 4
324Toolchain '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin/sparc-linux-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'sparc' has priority 4
325   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux'
326      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux/.'
327      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux/bin'
328         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux/bin/mips-linux-gcc'
329      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux/usr/bin'
330Tool chain test:  OK, arch='mips', priority 4
331Toolchain '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux/bin/mips-linux-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'mips' has priority 4
332   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux'
333      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux/.'
334      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin'
335         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin/m68k-linux-gcc'
336      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux/usr/bin'
337Tool chain test:  OK, arch='m68k', priority 4
338Toolchain '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin/m68k-linux-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'm68k' has priority 4
339   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/powerpc-linux'
340      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/powerpc-linux/.'
341      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/powerpc-linux/bin'
342         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/powerpc-linux/bin/powerpc-linux-gcc'
343      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/powerpc-linux/usr/bin'
344Tool chain test:  OK, arch='powerpc', priority 4
345Tool chain test:  OK, arch='or32', priority 4
346   - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.2.4-nolibc/avr32-linux'
347      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.2.4-nolibc/avr32-linux/.'
348      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.2.4-nolibc/avr32-linux/bin'
349         - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.2.4-nolibc/avr32-linux/bin/avr32-linux-gcc'
350      - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.2.4-nolibc/avr32-linux/usr/bin'
351Tool chain test:  OK, arch='avr32', priority 4
352   - scanning path '/'
353      - looking in '/.'
354      - looking in '/bin'
355      - looking in '/usr/bin'
356         - found '/usr/bin/i586-mingw32msvc-gcc'
357         - found '/usr/bin/c89-gcc'
358         - found '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc'
359         - found '/usr/bin/gcc'
360         - found '/usr/bin/c99-gcc'
361         - found '/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc'
362         - found '/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc'
363         - found '/usr/bin/winegcc'
364         - found '/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc'
365Tool chain test:  OK, arch='i586', priority 11
366Tool chain test:  OK, arch='c89', priority 11
367Tool chain test:  OK, arch='x86_64', priority 4
368Toolchain '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'x86_64' has priority 4
369Tool chain test:  OK, arch='sandbox', priority 11
370Tool chain test:  OK, arch='c99', priority 11
371Tool chain test:  OK, arch='arm', priority 4
372Toolchain '/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'arm' has priority 1
373Tool chain test:  OK, arch='aarch64', priority 4
374Toolchain '/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'aarch64' has priority 4
375Tool chain test:  OK, arch='sandbox', priority 11
376Toolchain '/usr/bin/winegcc' at priority 11 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'sandbox' has priority 11
377Tool chain test:  OK, arch='arm', priority 4
378Toolchain '/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'arm' has priority 1
379List of available toolchains (34):
380aarch64   : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/bin/aarch64-linux-gcc
381alpha     : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/alpha-linux/bin/alpha-linux-gcc
382am33_2.0  : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/am33_2.0-linux/bin/am33_2.0-linux-gcc
383arm       : /opt/arm-eabi-4.6/bin/arm-eabi-gcc
384avr32     : /toolchains/gcc-4.2.4-nolibc/avr32-linux/bin/avr32-linux-gcc
385bfin      : /toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux/bin/bfin-uclinux-gcc
386c89       : /usr/bin/c89-gcc
387c99       : /usr/bin/c99-gcc
388frv       : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/frv-linux/bin/frv-linux-gcc
389h8300     : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/h8300-elf/bin/h8300-elf-gcc
390hppa      : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/hppa-linux/bin/hppa-linux-gcc
391hppa64    : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/hppa64-linux/bin/hppa64-linux-gcc
392i386      : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux/bin/i386-linux-gcc
393i586      : /usr/bin/i586-mingw32msvc-gcc
394ia64      : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/ia64-linux/bin/ia64-linux-gcc
395m32r      : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m32r-linux/bin/m32r-linux-gcc
396m68k      : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin/m68k-linux-gcc
397microblaze: /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux/bin/microblaze-linux-gcc
398mips      : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux/bin/mips-linux-gcc
399mips64    : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux/bin/mips64-linux-gcc
400or32      : /toolchains/gcc-4.5.1-nolibc/or32-linux/bin/or32-linux-gcc
401powerpc   : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux/bin/powerpc-linux-gcc
402powerpc64 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc64-linux/bin/powerpc64-linux-gcc
403ppc64le   : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/ppc64le-linux/bin/ppc64le-linux-gcc
404s390x     : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/s390x-linux/bin/s390x-linux-gcc
405sandbox   : /usr/bin/gcc
406sh4       : /toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sh4-linux/bin/sh4-linux-gcc
407sparc     : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin/sparc-linux-gcc
408sparc64   : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux/bin/sparc64-linux-gcc
409tilegx    : /toolchains/gcc-4.6.2-nolibc/tilegx-linux/bin/tilegx-linux-gcc
410x86       : /opt/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-gcc
411x86_64    : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-gcc
412
413
414You can see that everything is covered, even some strange ones that won't
415be used (c88 and c99). This is a feature.
416
417
4185. Install new toolchains if needed
419
420You can download toolchains and update the [toolchain] section of the
421settings file to find them.
422
423To make this easier, buildman can automatically download and install
424toolchains from kernel.org. First list the available architectures:
425
426$ ./tools/buildman/buildman --fetch-arch list
427Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.6.3/
428Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.6.2/
429Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.5.1/
430Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.2.4/
431Available architectures: alpha am33_2.0 arm avr32 bfin cris crisv32 frv h8300
432hppa hppa64 i386 ia64 m32r m68k mips mips64 or32 powerpc powerpc64 s390x sh4
433sparc sparc64 tilegx x86_64 xtensa
434
435Then pick one and download it:
436
437$ ./tools/buildman/buildman --fetch-arch or32
438Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.6.3/
439Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.6.2/
440Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.5.1/
441Downloading: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.5.1//x86_64-gcc-4.5.1-nolibc_or32-linux.tar.xz
442Unpacking to: /home/sjg/.buildman-toolchains
443Testing
444      - looking in '/home/sjg/.buildman-toolchains/gcc-4.5.1-nolibc/or32-linux/.'
445      - looking in '/home/sjg/.buildman-toolchains/gcc-4.5.1-nolibc/or32-linux/bin'
446         - found '/home/sjg/.buildman-toolchains/gcc-4.5.1-nolibc/or32-linux/bin/or32-linux-gcc'
447Tool chain test:  OK
448
449Or download them all from kernel.org and move them to /toolchains directory,
450
451$ ./tools/buildman/buildman --fetch-arch all
452$ sudo mkdir -p /toolchains
453$ sudo mv ~/.buildman-toolchains/*/* /toolchains/
454
455For those not available from kernel.org, download from the following links.
456
457arc: https://github.com/foss-for-synopsys-dwc-arc-processors/toolchain/releases/
458    arc_gnu_2015.06_prebuilt_uclibc_le_archs_linux_install.tar.gz
459blackfin: http://sourceforge.net/projects/adi-toolchain/files/
460    blackfin-toolchain-elf-gcc-4.5-2014R1_45-RC2.x86_64.tar.bz2
461nds32: http://osdk.andestech.com/packages/
462    nds32le-linux-glibc-v1.tgz
463nios2: http://sourcery.mentor.com/public/gnu_toolchain/nios2-linux-gnu/
464    sourceryg++-2015.11-27-nios2-linux-gnu-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
465sh: http://sourcery.mentor.com/public/gnu_toolchain/sh-linux-gnu/
466    renesas-4.4-200-sh-linux-gnu-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
467
468Note openrisc kernel.org toolchain is out of date. Download the latest one from
469http://opencores.org/or1k/OpenRISC_GNU_tool_chain#Prebuilt_versions - eg:
470ftp://ocuser:ocuser@openrisc.opencores.org/toolchain/gcc-or1k-elf-4.8.1-x86.tar.bz2.
471
472Buildman should now be set up to use your new toolchain.
473
474At the time of writing, U-Boot has these architectures:
475
476   arc, arm, avr32, blackfin, m68k, microblaze, mips, nds32, nios2, openrisc
477   powerpc, sandbox, sh, sparc, x86
478
479Of these, only arc and nds32 are not available at kernel.org..
480
481
482How to run it
483=============
484
485First do a dry run using the -n flag: (replace <branch> with a real, local
486branch with a valid upstream)
487
488$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch> -n
489
490If it can't detect the upstream branch, try checking out the branch, and
491doing something like 'git branch --set-upstream-to upstream/master'
492or something similar. Buildman will try to guess a suitable upstream branch
493if it can't find one (you will see a message like" Guessing upstream as ...).
494
495As an example:
496
497Dry run, so not doing much. But I would do this:
498
499Building 18 commits for 1059 boards (4 threads, 1 job per thread)
500Build directory: ../lcd9b
501    5bb3505 Merge branch 'master' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-arm
502    c18f1b4 tegra: Use const for pinmux_config_pingroup/table()
503    2f043ae tegra: Add display support to funcmux
504    e349900 tegra: fdt: Add pwm binding and node
505    424a5f0 tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Tegra
506    0636ccf tegra: Add support for PWM
507    a994fe7 tegra: Add SOC support for display/lcd
508    fcd7350 tegra: Add LCD driver
509    4d46e9d tegra: Add LCD support to Nvidia boards
510    991bd48 arm: Add control over cachability of memory regions
511    54e8019 lcd: Add CONFIG_LCD_ALIGNMENT to select frame buffer alignment
512    d92aff7 lcd: Add support for flushing LCD fb from dcache after update
513    dbd0677 tegra: Align LCD frame buffer to section boundary
514    0cff9b8 tegra: Support control of cache settings for LCD
515    9c56900 tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Seaboard
516    5cc29db lcd: Add CONFIG_CONSOLE_SCROLL_LINES option to speed console
517    cac5a23 tegra: Enable display/lcd support on Seaboard
518    49ff541 wip
519
520Total boards to build for each commit: 1059
521
522This shows that it will build all 1059 boards, using 4 threads (because
523we have a 4-core CPU). Each thread will run with -j1, meaning that each
524make job will use a single CPU. The list of commits to be built helps you
525confirm that things look about right. Notice that buildman has chosen a
526'base' directory for you, immediately above your source tree.
527
528Buildman works entirely inside the base directory, here ../lcd9b,
529creating a working directory for each thread, and creating output
530directories for each commit and board.
531
532
533Suggested Workflow
534==================
535
536To run the build for real, take off the -n:
537
538$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch>
539
540Buildman will set up some working directories, and get started. After a
541minute or so it will settle down to a steady pace, with a display like this:
542
543Building 18 commits for 1059 boards (4 threads, 1 job per thread)
544  528   36  124 /19062  1:13:30  : SIMPC8313_SP
545
546This means that it is building 19062 board/commit combinations. So far it
547has managed to successfully build 528. Another 36 have built with warnings,
548and 124 more didn't build at all. Buildman expects to complete the process
549in around an hour and a quarter. Use this time to buy a faster computer.
550
551
552To find out how the build went, ask for a summary with -s. You can do this
553either before the build completes (presumably in another terminal) or
554afterwards. Let's work through an example of how this is used:
555
556$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b lcd9b -s
557...
55801: Merge branch 'master' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-arm
559   powerpc:   + galaxy5200_LOWBOOT
56002: tegra: Use const for pinmux_config_pingroup/table()
56103: tegra: Add display support to funcmux
56204: tegra: fdt: Add pwm binding and node
56305: tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Tegra
56406: tegra: Add support for PWM
56507: tegra: Add SOC support for display/lcd
56608: tegra: Add LCD driver
56709: tegra: Add LCD support to Nvidia boards
56810: arm: Add control over cachability of memory regions
56911: lcd: Add CONFIG_LCD_ALIGNMENT to select frame buffer alignment
57012: lcd: Add support for flushing LCD fb from dcache after update
571       arm:   + lubbock
57213: tegra: Align LCD frame buffer to section boundary
57314: tegra: Support control of cache settings for LCD
57415: tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Seaboard
57516: lcd: Add CONFIG_CONSOLE_SCROLL_LINES option to speed console
57617: tegra: Enable display/lcd support on Seaboard
57718: wip
578
579This shows which commits have succeeded and which have failed. In this case
580the build is still in progress so many boards are not built yet (use -u to
581see which ones). But still we can see a few failures. The galaxy5200_LOWBOOT
582never builds correctly. This could be a problem with our toolchain, or it
583could be a bug in the upstream. The good news is that we probably don't need
584to blame our commits. The bad news is that our commits are not tested on that
585board.
586
587Commit 12 broke lubbock. That's what the '+ lubbock' means. The failure
588is never fixed by a later commit, or you would see lubbock again, in green,
589without the +.
590
591To see the actual error:
592
593$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch> -se lubbock
594...
59512: lcd: Add support for flushing LCD fb from dcache after update
596       arm:   + lubbock
597+common/libcommon.o: In function `lcd_sync':
598+/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/common/lcd.c:120: undefined reference to `flush_dcache_range'
599+arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ld: BFD (Sourcery G++ Lite 2010q1-202) 2.19.51.20090709 assertion fail /scratch/julian/2010q1-release-linux-lite/obj/binutils-src-2010q1-202-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu/bfd/elf32-arm.c:12572
600+make: *** [/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/build/u-boot] Error 139
60113: tegra: Align LCD frame buffer to section boundary
60214: tegra: Support control of cache settings for LCD
60315: tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Seaboard
60416: lcd: Add CONFIG_CONSOLE_SCROLL_LINES option to speed console
605-/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/common/lcd.c:120: undefined reference to `flush_dcache_range'
606+/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/common/lcd.c:125: undefined reference to `flush_dcache_range'
60717: tegra: Enable display/lcd support on Seaboard
60818: wip
609
610So the problem is in lcd.c, due to missing cache operations. This information
611should be enough to work out what that commit is doing to break these
612boards. (In this case pxa did not have cache operations defined).
613
614If you see error lines marked with '-', that means that the errors were fixed
615by that commit. Sometimes commits can be in the wrong order, so that a
616breakage is introduced for a few commits and fixed by later commits. This
617shows up clearly with buildman. You can then reorder the commits and try
618again.
619
620At commit 16, the error moves: you can see that the old error at line 120
621is fixed, but there is a new one at line 126. This is probably only because
622we added some code and moved the broken line further down the file.
623
624If many boards have the same error, then -e will display the error only
625once. This makes the output as concise as possible. To see which boards have
626each error, use -l. So it is safe to omit the board name - you will not get
627lots of repeated output for every board.
628
629Buildman tries to distinguish warnings from errors, and shows warning lines
630separately with a 'w' prefix.
631
632The full build output in this case is available in:
633
634../lcd9b/12_of_18_gd92aff7_lcd--Add-support-for/lubbock/
635
636   done: Indicates the build was done, and holds the return code from make.
637         This is 0 for a good build, typically 2 for a failure.
638
639   err:  Output from stderr, if any. Errors and warnings appear here.
640
641   log:  Output from stdout. Normally there isn't any since buildman runs
642         in silent mode. Use -V to force a verbose build (this passes V=1
643         to 'make')
644
645   toolchain: Shows information about the toolchain used for the build.
646
647   sizes: Shows image size information.
648
649It is possible to get the build binary output there also. Use the -k option
650for this. In that case you will also see some output files, like:
651
652   System.map  toolchain  u-boot  u-boot.bin  u-boot.map  autoconf.mk
653   (also SPL versions u-boot-spl and u-boot-spl.bin if available)
654
655
656Checking Image Sizes
657====================
658
659A key requirement for U-Boot is that you keep code/data size to a minimum.
660Where a new feature increases this noticeably it should normally be put
661behind a CONFIG flag so that boards can leave it disabled and keep the image
662size more or less the same with each new release.
663
664To check the impact of your commits on image size, use -S. For example:
665
666$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b us-x86 -sS
667Summary of 10 commits for 1066 boards (4 threads, 1 job per thread)
66801: MAKEALL: add support for per architecture toolchains
66902: x86: Add function to get top of usable ram
670       x86: (for 1/3 boards)  text -272.0  rodata +41.0
67103: x86: Add basic cache operations
67204: x86: Permit bootstage and timer data to be used prior to relocation
673       x86: (for 1/3 boards)  data +16.0
67405: x86: Add an __end symbol to signal the end of the U-Boot binary
675       x86: (for 1/3 boards)  text +76.0
67606: x86: Rearrange the output input to remove BSS
677       x86: (for 1/3 boards)  bss -2140.0
67807: x86: Support relocation of FDT on start-up
679       x86: +   coreboot-x86
68008: x86: Add error checking to x86 relocation code
68109: x86: Adjust link device tree include file
68210: x86: Enable CONFIG_OF_CONTROL on coreboot
683
684
685You can see that image size only changed on x86, which is good because this
686series is not supposed to change any other board. From commit 7 onwards the
687build fails so we don't get code size numbers. The numbers are fractional
688because they are an average of all boards for that architecture. The
689intention is to allow you to quickly find image size problems introduced by
690your commits.
691
692Note that the 'text' region and 'rodata' are split out. You should add the
693two together to get the total read-only size (reported as the first column
694in the output from binutil's 'size' utility).
695
696A useful option is --step which lets you skip some commits. For example
697--step 2 will show the image sizes for only every 2nd commit (so it will
698compare the image sizes of the 1st, 3rd, 5th... commits). You can also use
699--step 0 which will compare only the first and last commits. This is useful
700for an overview of how your entire series affects code size. It will build
701only the upstream commit and your final branch commit.
702
703You can also use -d to see a detailed size breakdown for each board. This
704list is sorted in order from largest growth to largest reduction.
705
706It is even possible to go a little further with the -B option (--bloat). This
707shows where U-Boot has bloated, breaking the size change down to the function
708level. Example output is below:
709
710$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b us-mem4 -sSdB
711...
71219: Roll crc32 into hash infrastructure
713       arm: (for 10/10 boards)  all -143.4  bss +1.2  data -4.8  rodata -48.2 text -91.6
714            paz00          :  all +23  bss -4  rodata -29  text +56
715               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 3/-2 bytes: 168/-104 (64)
716                 function                                   old     new   delta
717                 hash_command                                80     160     +80
718                 crc32_wd_buf                                 -      56     +56
719                 ext4fs_read_file                           540     568     +28
720                 insert_var_value_sub                       688     692      +4
721                 run_list_real                             1996    1992      -4
722                 do_mem_crc                                 168      68    -100
723            trimslice      :  all -9  bss +16  rodata -29  text +4
724               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 136/-124 (12)
725                 function                                   old     new   delta
726                 hash_command                                80     160     +80
727                 crc32_wd_buf                                 -      56     +56
728                 ext4fs_iterate_dir                         672     668      -4
729                 ext4fs_read_file                           568     548     -20
730                 do_mem_crc                                 168      68    -100
731            whistler       :  all -9  bss +16  rodata -29  text +4
732               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 136/-124 (12)
733                 function                                   old     new   delta
734                 hash_command                                80     160     +80
735                 crc32_wd_buf                                 -      56     +56
736                 ext4fs_iterate_dir                         672     668      -4
737                 ext4fs_read_file                           568     548     -20
738                 do_mem_crc                                 168      68    -100
739            seaboard       :  all -9  bss -28  rodata -29  text +48
740               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 3/-2 bytes: 160/-104 (56)
741                 function                                   old     new   delta
742                 hash_command                                80     160     +80
743                 crc32_wd_buf                                 -      56     +56
744                 ext4fs_read_file                           548     568     +20
745                 run_list_real                             1996    2000      +4
746                 do_nandboot                                760     756      -4
747                 do_mem_crc                                 168      68    -100
748            colibri_t20    :  all -9  rodata -29  text +20
749               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 2/-3 bytes: 140/-112 (28)
750                 function                                   old     new   delta
751                 hash_command                                80     160     +80
752                 crc32_wd_buf                                 -      56     +56
753                 read_abs_bbt                               204     208      +4
754                 do_nandboot                                760     756      -4
755                 ext4fs_read_file                           576     568      -8
756                 do_mem_crc                                 168      68    -100
757            ventana        :  all -37  bss -12  rodata -29  text +4
758               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 136/-124 (12)
759                 function                                   old     new   delta
760                 hash_command                                80     160     +80
761                 crc32_wd_buf                                 -      56     +56
762                 ext4fs_iterate_dir                         672     668      -4
763                 ext4fs_read_file                           568     548     -20
764                 do_mem_crc                                 168      68    -100
765            harmony        :  all -37  bss -16  rodata -29  text +8
766               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 2/-3 bytes: 140/-124 (16)
767                 function                                   old     new   delta
768                 hash_command                                80     160     +80
769                 crc32_wd_buf                                 -      56     +56
770                 nand_write_oob_syndrome                    428     432      +4
771                 ext4fs_iterate_dir                         672     668      -4
772                 ext4fs_read_file                           568     548     -20
773                 do_mem_crc                                 168      68    -100
774            medcom-wide    :  all -417  bss +28  data -16  rodata -93  text -336
775               u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 1/-2 bytes: 88/-376 (-288)
776                 function                                   old     new   delta
777                 crc32_wd_buf                                 -      56     +56
778                 do_fat_read_at                            2872    2904     +32
779                 hash_algo                                   16       -     -16
780                 do_mem_crc                                 168      68    -100
781                 hash_command                               420     160    -260
782            tec            :  all -449  bss -4  data -16  rodata -93  text -336
783               u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 1/-2 bytes: 88/-376 (-288)
784                 function                                   old     new   delta
785                 crc32_wd_buf                                 -      56     +56
786                 do_fat_read_at                            2872    2904     +32
787                 hash_algo                                   16       -     -16
788                 do_mem_crc                                 168      68    -100
789                 hash_command                               420     160    -260
790            plutux         :  all -481  bss +16  data -16  rodata -93  text -388
791               u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 68/-408 (-340)
792                 function                                   old     new   delta
793                 crc32_wd_buf                                 -      56     +56
794                 do_load_serial_bin                        1688    1700     +12
795                 hash_algo                                   16       -     -16
796                 do_fat_read_at                            2904    2872     -32
797                 do_mem_crc                                 168      68    -100
798                 hash_command                               420     160    -260
799   powerpc: (for 5/5 boards)  all +37.4  data -3.2  rodata -41.8  text +82.4
800            MPC8610HPCD    :  all +55  rodata -29  text +84
801               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80)
802                 function                                   old     new   delta
803                 hash_command                                 -     176    +176
804                 do_mem_crc                                 184      88     -96
805            MPC8641HPCN    :  all +55  rodata -29  text +84
806               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80)
807                 function                                   old     new   delta
808                 hash_command                                 -     176    +176
809                 do_mem_crc                                 184      88     -96
810            MPC8641HPCN_36BIT:  all +55  rodata -29  text +84
811               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80)
812                 function                                   old     new   delta
813                 hash_command                                 -     176    +176
814                 do_mem_crc                                 184      88     -96
815            sbc8641d       :  all +55  rodata -29  text +84
816               u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80)
817                 function                                   old     new   delta
818                 hash_command                                 -     176    +176
819                 do_mem_crc                                 184      88     -96
820            xpedite517x    :  all -33  data -16  rodata -93  text +76
821               u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-112 (64)
822                 function                                   old     new   delta
823                 hash_command                                 -     176    +176
824                 hash_algo                                   16       -     -16
825                 do_mem_crc                                 184      88     -96
826...
827
828
829This shows that commit 19 has reduced codesize for arm slightly and increased
830it for powerpc. This increase was offset in by reductions in rodata and
831data/bss.
832
833Shown below the summary lines are the sizes for each board. Below each board
834are the sizes for each function. This information starts with:
835
836   add - number of functions added / removed
837   grow - number of functions which grew / shrunk
838   bytes - number of bytes of code added to / removed from all functions,
839            plus the total byte change in brackets
840
841The change seems to be that hash_command() has increased by more than the
842do_mem_crc() function has decreased. The function sizes typically add up to
843roughly the text area size, but note that every read-only section except
844rodata is included in 'text', so the function total does not exactly
845correspond.
846
847It is common when refactoring code for the rodata to decrease as the text size
848increases, and vice versa.
849
850
851The .buildman file
852==================
853
854The .buildman file provides information about the available toolchains and
855also allows build flags to be passed to 'make'. It consists of several
856sections, with the section name in square brackets. Within each section are
857a set of (tag, value) pairs.
858
859'[toolchain]' section
860
861    This lists the available toolchains. The tag here doesn't matter, but
862    make sure it is unique. The value is the path to the toolchain. Buildman
863    will look in that path for a file ending in 'gcc'. It will then execute
864    it to check that it is a C compiler, passing only the --version flag to
865    it. If the return code is 0, buildman assumes that it is a valid C
866    compiler. It uses the first part of the name as the architecture and
867    strips off the last part when setting the CROSS_COMPILE environment
868    variable (parts are delimited with a hyphen).
869
870    For example powerpc-linux-gcc will be noted as a toolchain for 'powerpc'
871    and CROSS_COMPILE will be set to powerpc-linux- when using it.
872
873'[toolchain-alias]' section
874
875    This converts toolchain architecture names to U-Boot names. For example,
876    if an x86 toolchains is called i386-linux-gcc it will not normally be
877    used for architecture 'x86'. Adding 'x86: i386 x86_64' to this section
878    will tell buildman that the i386 and x86_64 toolchains can be used for
879    the x86 architecture.
880
881'[make-flags]' section
882
883    U-Boot's build system supports a few flags (such as BUILD_TAG) which
884    affect the build product. These flags can be specified in the buildman
885    settings file. They can also be useful when building U-Boot against other
886    open source software.
887
888    [make-flags]
889    at91-boards=ENABLE_AT91_TEST=1
890    snapper9260=${at91-boards} BUILD_TAG=442
891    snapper9g45=${at91-boards} BUILD_TAG=443
892
893    This will use 'make ENABLE_AT91_TEST=1 BUILD_TAG=442' for snapper9260
894    and 'make ENABLE_AT91_TEST=1 BUILD_TAG=443' for snapper9g45. A special
895    variable ${target} is available to access the target name (snapper9260
896    and snapper9g20 in this case). Variables are resolved recursively. Note
897    that variables can only contain the characters A-Z, a-z, 0-9, hyphen (-)
898    and underscore (_).
899
900    It is expected that any variables added are dealt with in U-Boot's
901    config.mk file and documented in the README.
902
903    Note that you can pass ad-hoc options to the build using environment
904    variables, for example:
905
906       SOME_OPTION=1234 ./tools/buildman/buildman my_board
907
908
909Quick Sanity Check
910==================
911
912If you have made changes and want to do a quick sanity check of the
913currently checked-out source, run buildman without the -b flag. This will
914build the selected boards and display build status as it runs (i.e. -v is
915enabled automatically). Use -e to see errors/warnings as well.
916
917
918Building Ranges
919===============
920
921You can build a range of commits by specifying a range instead of a branch
922when using the -b flag. For example:
923
924    upstream/master..us-buildman
925
926will build commits in us-buildman that are not in upstream/master.
927
928
929Building Faster
930===============
931
932By default, buildman executes 'make mrproper' prior to building the first
933commit for each board. This causes everything to be built from scratch. If you
934trust the build system's incremental build capabilities, you can pass the -I
935flag to skip the 'make mproper' invocation, which will reduce the amount of
936work 'make' does, and hence speed up the build. This flag will speed up any
937buildman invocation, since it reduces the amount of work done on any build.
938
939One possible application of buildman is as part of a continual edit, build,
940edit, build, ... cycle; repeatedly applying buildman to the same change or
941series of changes while making small incremental modifications to the source
942each time. This provides quick feedback regarding the correctness of recent
943modifications. In this scenario, buildman's default choice of build directory
944causes more build work to be performed than strictly necessary.
945
946By default, each buildman thread uses a single directory for all builds. When a
947thread builds multiple boards, the configuration built in this directory will
948cycle through various different configurations, one per board built by the
949thread. Variations in the configuration will force a rebuild of affected source
950files when a thread switches between boards. Ideally, such buildman-induced
951rebuilds would not happen, thus allowing the build to operate as efficiently as
952the build system and source changes allow. buildman's -P flag may be used to
953enable this; -P causes each board to be built in a separate (board-specific)
954directory, thus avoiding any buildman-induced configuration changes in any
955build directory.
956
957U-Boot's build system embeds information such as a build timestamp into the
958final binary. This information varies each time U-Boot is built. This causes
959various files to be rebuilt even if no source changes are made, which in turn
960requires that the final U-Boot binary be re-linked. This unnecessary work can
961be avoided by turning off the timestamp feature. This can be achieved by
962setting the SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH environment variable to 0.
963
964Combining all of these options together yields the command-line shown below.
965This will provide the quickest possible feedback regarding the current content
966of the source tree, thus allowing rapid tested evolution of the code.
967
968    SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH=0 ./tools/buildman/buildman -I -P tegra
969
970
971Checking configuration
972======================
973
974A common requirement when converting CONFIG options to Kconfig is to check
975that the effective configuration has not changed due to the conversion.
976Buildman supports this with the -K option, used after a build. This shows
977differences in effective configuration between one commit and the next.
978
979For example:
980
981    $ buildman -b kc4 -sK
982    ...
983    43: Convert CONFIG_SPL_USBETH_SUPPORT to Kconfig
984    arm:
985    + u-boot.cfg: CONFIG_SPL_ENV_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NET_SUPPORT=1
986    + u-boot-spl.cfg: CONFIG_SPL_MMC_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SUPPORT=1
987    + all: CONFIG_SPL_ENV_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_MMC_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NET_SUPPORT=1
988    am335x_evm_usbspl :
989    + u-boot.cfg: CONFIG_SPL_ENV_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NET_SUPPORT=1
990    + u-boot-spl.cfg: CONFIG_SPL_MMC_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SUPPORT=1
991    + all: CONFIG_SPL_ENV_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_MMC_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NET_SUPPORT=1
992    44: Convert CONFIG_SPL_USB_HOST_SUPPORT to Kconfig
993    ...
994
995This shows that commit 44 enabled three new options for the board
996am335x_evm_usbspl which were not enabled in commit 43. There is also a
997summary for 'arm' showing all the changes detected for that architecture.
998In this case there is only one board with changes, so 'arm' output is the
999same as 'am335x_evm_usbspl'/
1000
1001The -K option uses the u-boot.cfg, spl/u-boot-spl.cfg and tpl/u-boot-tpl.cfg
1002files which are produced by a build. If all you want is to check the
1003configuration you can in fact avoid doing a full build, using -D. This tells
1004buildman to configuration U-Boot and create the .cfg files, but not actually
1005build the source. This is 5-10 times faster than doing a full build.
1006
1007By default buildman considers the follow two configuration methods
1008equivalent:
1009
1010   #define CONFIG_SOME_OPTION
1011
1012   CONFIG_SOME_OPTION=y
1013
1014The former would appear in a header filer and the latter in a defconfig
1015file. The achieve this, buildman considers 'y' to be '1' in configuration
1016variables. This avoids lots of useless output when converting a CONFIG
1017option to Kconfig. To disable this behaviour, use --squash-config-y.
1018
1019
1020Other options
1021=============
1022
1023Buildman has various other command line options. Try --help to see them.
1024
1025When doing builds, Buildman's return code will reflect the overall result:
1026
1027    0 (success)     No errors or warnings found
1028    128             Errors found
1029    129             Warnings found
1030
1031
1032How to change from MAKEALL
1033==========================
1034
1035Buildman includes most of the features of MAKEALL and is generally faster
1036and easier to use. In particular it builds entire branches: if a particular
1037commit introduces an error in a particular board, buildman can easily show
1038you this, even if a later commit fixes that error.
1039
1040The reasons to deprecate MAKEALL are:
1041- We don't want to maintain two build systems
1042- Buildman is typically faster
1043- Buildman has a lot more features
1044
1045But still, many people will be sad to lose MAKEALL. If you are used to
1046MAKEALL, here are a few pointers.
1047
1048First you need to set up your tool chains - see the 'Setting up' section
1049for details. Once you have your required toolchain(s) detected then you are
1050ready to go.
1051
1052To build the current source tree, run buildman without a -b flag:
1053
1054   ./tools/buildman/buildman <list of things to build>
1055
1056This will build the current source tree for the given boards and display
1057the results and errors.
1058
1059However buildman usually works on entire branches, and for that you must
1060specify a board flag:
1061
1062   ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch_name> <list of things to build>
1063
1064followed by (afterwards, or perhaps concurrently in another terminal):
1065
1066   ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch_name> -s <list of things to build>
1067
1068to see the results of the build. Rather than showing you all the output,
1069buildman just shows a summary, with red indicating that a commit introduced
1070an error and green indicating that a commit fixed an error. Use the -e
1071flag to see the full errors and -l to see which boards caused which errors.
1072
1073If you really want to see build results as they happen, use -v when doing a
1074build (and -e to see the errors/warnings too).
1075
1076You don't need to stick around on that branch while buildman is running. It
1077checks out its own copy of the source code, so you can change branches,
1078add commits, etc. without affecting the build in progress.
1079
1080The <list of things to build> can include board names, architectures or the
1081like. There are no flags to disambiguate since ambiguities are rare. Using
1082the examples from MAKEALL:
1083
1084Examples:
1085  - build all Power Architecture boards:
1086      MAKEALL -a powerpc
1087      MAKEALL --arch powerpc
1088      MAKEALL powerpc
1089          ** buildman -b <branch> powerpc
1090  - build all PowerPC boards manufactured by vendor "esd":
1091      MAKEALL -a powerpc -v esd
1092          ** buildman -b <branch> esd
1093  - build all PowerPC boards manufactured either by "keymile" or "siemens":
1094      MAKEALL -a powerpc -v keymile -v siemens
1095          ** buildman -b <branch> keymile siemens
1096  - build all Freescale boards with MPC83xx CPUs, plus all 4xx boards:
1097      MAKEALL -c mpc83xx -v freescale 4xx
1098          ** buildman -b <branch> mpc83xx freescale 4xx
1099
1100Buildman automatically tries to use all the CPUs in your machine. If you
1101are building a lot of boards it will use one thread for every CPU core
1102it detects in your machine. This is like MAKEALL's BUILD_NBUILDS option.
1103You can use the -T flag to change the number of threads. If you are only
1104building a few boards, buildman will automatically run make with the -j
1105flag to increase the number of concurrent make tasks. It isn't normally
1106that helpful to fiddle with this option, but if you use the BUILD_NCPUS
1107option in MAKEALL then -j is the equivalent in buildman.
1108
1109Buildman puts its output in ../<branch_name> by default but you can change
1110this with the -o option. Buildman normally does out-of-tree builds: use -i
1111to disable that if you really want to. But be careful that once you have
1112used -i you pollute buildman's copies of the source tree, and you will need
1113to remove the build directory (normally ../<branch_name>) to run buildman
1114in normal mode (without -i).
1115
1116Buildman doesn't keep the output result normally, but use the -k option to
1117do this.
1118
1119Please read 'Theory of Operation' a few times as it will make a lot of
1120things clearer.
1121
1122Some options you might like are:
1123
1124   -B shows which functions are growing/shrinking in which commit - great
1125        for finding code bloat.
1126   -S shows image sizes for each commit (just an overall summary)
1127   -u shows boards that you haven't built yet
1128   --step 0 will build just the upstream commit and the last commit of your
1129        branch. This is often a quick sanity check that your branch doesn't
1130        break anything. But note this does not check bisectability!
1131
1132
1133TODO
1134====
1135
1136This has mostly be written in my spare time as a response to my difficulties
1137in testing large series of patches. Apart from tidying up there is quite a
1138bit of scope for improvement. Things like better error diffs and easier
1139access to log files. Also it would be nice if buildman could 'hunt' for
1140problems, perhaps by building a few boards for each arch, or checking
1141commits for changed files and building only boards which use those files.
1142
1143A specific problem to fix is that Ctrl-C does not exit buildman cleanly when
1144multiple builder threads are active.
1145
1146Credits
1147=======
1148
1149Thanks to Grant Grundler <grundler@chromium.org> for his ideas for improving
1150the build speed by building all commits for a board instead of the other
1151way around.
1152
1153
1154Simon Glass
1155sjg@chromium.org
1156Halloween 2012
1157Updated 12-12-12
1158Updated 23-02-13
1159