1# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ 2# Copyright (c) 2013 The Chromium OS Authors. 3 4(Please read 'How to change from MAKEALL' if you are used to that tool) 5 6Quick-start 7=========== 8 9If you just want to quickly set up buildman so you can build something (for 10example Raspberry Pi 2): 11 12 cd /path/to/u-boot 13 PATH=$PATH:`pwd`/tools/buildman 14 buildman --fetch-arch arm 15 buildman -k rpi_2 16 ls ../current/rpi_2 17 # u-boot.bin is the output image 18 19 20What is this? 21============= 22 23This tool handles building U-Boot to check that you have not broken it 24with your patch series. It can build each individual commit and report 25which boards fail on which commits, and which errors come up. It aims 26to make full use of multi-processor machines. 27 28A key feature of buildman is its output summary, which allows warnings, 29errors or image size increases in a particular commit or board to be 30quickly identified and the offending commit pinpointed. This can be a big 31help for anyone working with >10 patches at a time. 32 33 34Caveats 35======= 36 37Buildman can be stopped and restarted, in which case it will continue 38where it left off. This should happen cleanly and without side-effects. 39If not, it is a bug, for which a patch would be welcome. 40 41Buildman gets so tied up in its work that it can ignore the outside world. 42You may need to press Ctrl-C several times to quit it. Also it will print 43out various exceptions when stopped. You may have to kill it since the 44Ctrl-C handling is somewhat broken. 45 46 47Theory of Operation 48=================== 49 50(please read this section in full twice or you will be perpetually confused) 51 52Buildman is a builder. It is not make, although it runs make. It does not 53produce any useful output on the terminal while building, except for 54progress information (except with -v, see below). All the output (errors, 55warnings and binaries if you ask for them) is stored in output 56directories, which you can look at while the build is progressing, or when 57it is finished. 58 59Buildman is designed to build entire git branches, i.e. muliple commits. It 60can be run repeatedly on the same branch. In this case it will automatically 61rebuild commits which have changed (and remove its old results for that 62commit). It is possible to build a branch for one board, then later build it 63for another board. If you want buildman to re-build a commit it has already 64built (e.g. because of a toolchain update), use the -f flag. 65 66Buildman produces a concise summary of which boards succeeded and failed. 67It shows which commit introduced which board failure using a simple 68red/green colour coding. Full error information can be requested, in which 69case it is de-duped and displayed against the commit that introduced the 70error. An example workflow is below. 71 72Buildman stores image size information and can report changes in image size 73from commit to commit. An example of this is below. 74 75Buildman starts multiple threads, and each thread builds for one board at 76a time. A thread starts at the first commit, configures the source for your 77board and builds it. Then it checks out the next commit and does an 78incremental build. Eventually the thread reaches the last commit and stops. 79If errors or warnings are found along the way, the thread will reconfigure 80after every commit, and your build will be very slow. This is because a 81file that produces just a warning would not normally be rebuilt in an 82incremental build. 83 84Buildman works in an entirely separate place from your U-Boot repository. 85It creates a separate working directory for each thread, and puts the 86output files in the working directory, organised by commit name and board 87name, in a two-level hierarchy. 88 89Buildman is invoked in your U-Boot directory, the one with the .git 90directory. It clones this repository into a copy for each thread, and the 91threads do not affect the state of your git repository. Any checkouts done 92by the thread affect only the working directory for that thread. 93 94Buildman automatically selects the correct tool chain for each board. You 95must supply suitable tool chains, but buildman takes care of selecting the 96right one. 97 98Buildman generally builds a branch (with the -b flag), and in this case 99builds the upstream commit as well, for comparison. It cannot build 100individual commits at present, unless (maybe) you point it at an empty 101branch. Put all your commits in a branch, set the branch's upstream to a 102valid value, and all will be well. Otherwise buildman will perform random 103actions. Use -n to check what the random actions might be. 104 105If you just want to build the current source tree, leave off the -b flag 106and add -e. This will display results and errors as they happen. You can 107still look at them later using -se. Note that buildman will assume that the 108source has changed, and will build all specified boards in this case. 109 110Buildman is optimised for building many commits at once, for many boards. 111On multi-core machines, Buildman is fast because it uses most of the 112available CPU power. When it gets to the end, or if you are building just 113a few commits or boards, it will be pretty slow. As a tip, if you don't 114plan to use your machine for anything else, you can use -T to increase the 115number of threads beyond the default. 116 117 118Selecting which boards to build 119=============================== 120 121Buildman lets you build all boards, or a subset. Specify the subset by passing 122command-line arguments that list the desired board name, architecture name, 123SOC name, or anything else in the boards.cfg file. Multiple arguments are 124allowed. Each argument will be interpreted as a regular expression, so 125behaviour is a superset of exact or substring matching. Examples are: 126 127* 'tegra20' All boards with a Tegra20 SoC 128* 'tegra' All boards with any Tegra Soc (Tegra20, Tegra30, Tegra114...) 129* '^tegra[23]0$' All boards with either Tegra20 or Tegra30 SoC 130* 'powerpc' All PowerPC boards 131 132While the default is to OR the terms together, you can also make use of 133the '&' operator to limit the selection: 134 135* 'freescale & arm sandbox' All Freescale boards with ARM architecture, 136 plus sandbox 137 138You can also use -x to specifically exclude some boards. For example: 139 140 buildmand arm -x nvidia,freescale,.*ball$ 141 142means to build all arm boards except nvidia, freescale and anything ending 143with 'ball'. 144 145For building specific boards you can use the --boards option, which takes a 146comma-separated list of board target names and be used multiple times on 147the command line: 148 149 buidman --boards sandbox,snow --boards 150 151It is convenient to use the -n option to see what will be built based on 152the subset given. Use -v as well to get an actual list of boards. 153 154Buildman does not store intermediate object files. It optionally copies 155the binary output into a directory when a build is successful (-k). Size 156information is always recorded. It needs a fair bit of disk space to work, 157typically 250MB per thread. 158 159 160Setting up 161========== 162 1631. Get the U-Boot source. You probably already have it, but if not these 164steps should get you started with a repo and some commits for testing. 165 166$ cd /path/to/u-boot 167$ git clone git://git.denx.de/u-boot.git . 168$ git checkout -b my-branch origin/master 169$ # Add some commits to the branch, reading for testing 170 1712. Create ~/.buildman to tell buildman where to find tool chains (see 'The 172.buildman file' later for details). As an example: 173 174# Buildman settings file 175 176[toolchain] 177root: / 178rest: /toolchains/* 179eldk: /opt/eldk-4.2 180arm: /opt/linaro/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.8-2013.08_linux 181aarch64: /opt/linaro/gcc-linaro-aarch64-none-elf-4.8-2013.10_linux 182 183[toolchain-alias] 184x86: i386 185blackfin: bfin 186nds32: nds32le 187openrisc: or1k 188 189 190This selects the available toolchain paths. Add the base directory for 191each of your toolchains here. Buildman will search inside these directories 192and also in any '/usr' and '/usr/bin' subdirectories. 193 194Make sure the tags (here root: rest: and eldk:) are unique. 195 196The toolchain-alias section indicates that the i386 toolchain should be used 197to build x86 commits. 198 199Note that you can also specific exactly toolchain prefixes if you like: 200 201[toolchain-prefix] 202arm: /opt/arm-eabi-4.6/bin/arm-eabi- 203 204or even: 205 206[toolchain-prefix] 207arm: /opt/arm-eabi-4.6/bin/arm-eabi-gcc 208 209This tells buildman that you want to use this exact toolchain for the arm 210architecture. This will override any toolchains found by searching using the 211[toolchain] settings. 212 213Since the toolchain prefix is an explicit request, buildman will report an 214error if a toolchain is not found with that prefix. The current PATH will be 215searched, so it is possible to use: 216 217[toolchain-prefix] 218arm: arm-none-eabi- 219 220and buildman will find arm-none-eabi-gcc in /usr/bin if you have it installed. 221 222[toolchain-wrapper] 223wrapper: ccache 224 225This tells buildman to use a compiler wrapper in front of CROSS_COMPILE. In 226this example, ccache. It doesn't affect the toolchain scan. The wrapper is 227added when CROSS_COMPILE environtal variable is set. The name in this 228section is ignored. If more than one line is provided, only the last one 229is taken. 230 2313. Make sure you have the require Python pre-requisites 232 233Buildman uses multiprocessing, Queue, shutil, StringIO, ConfigParser and 234urllib2. These should normally be available, but if you get an error like 235this then you will need to obtain those modules: 236 237 ImportError: No module named multiprocessing 238 239 2404. Check the available toolchains 241 242Run this check to make sure that you have a toolchain for every architecture. 243 244$ ./tools/buildman/buildman --list-tool-chains 245Scanning for tool chains 246 - scanning prefix '/opt/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-' 247Tool chain test: OK, arch='x86', priority 1 248 - scanning prefix '/opt/arm-eabi-4.6/bin/arm-eabi-' 249Tool chain test: OK, arch='arm', priority 1 250 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux' 251 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux/.' 252 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux/bin' 253 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux/bin/i386-linux-gcc' 254 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux/usr/bin' 255Tool chain test: OK, arch='i386', priority 4 256 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux' 257 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/.' 258 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/bin' 259 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/bin/aarch64-linux-gcc' 260 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/usr/bin' 261Tool chain test: OK, arch='aarch64', priority 4 262 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux' 263 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux/.' 264 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux/bin' 265 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux/bin/microblaze-linux-gcc' 266 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux/usr/bin' 267Tool chain test: OK, arch='microblaze', priority 4 268 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux' 269 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux/.' 270 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux/bin' 271 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux/bin/mips64-linux-gcc' 272 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux/usr/bin' 273Tool chain test: OK, arch='mips64', priority 4 274 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux' 275 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux/.' 276 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux/bin' 277 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux/bin/sparc64-linux-gcc' 278 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux/usr/bin' 279Tool chain test: OK, arch='sparc64', priority 4 280 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi' 281 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/.' 282 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/bin' 283 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi-gcc' 284 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/usr/bin' 285Tool chain test: OK, arch='arm', priority 3 286Toolchain '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi-gcc' at priority 3 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'arm' has priority 1 287 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux' 288 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux/.' 289 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin' 290 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin/sparc-linux-gcc' 291 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux/usr/bin' 292Tool chain test: OK, arch='sparc', priority 4 293 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux' 294 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux/.' 295 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux/bin' 296 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux/bin/mips-linux-gcc' 297 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux/usr/bin' 298Tool chain test: OK, arch='mips', priority 4 299 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux' 300 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/.' 301 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin' 302 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-gcc' 303 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-x86_64-linux-gcc' 304 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/usr/bin' 305Tool chain test: OK, arch='x86_64', priority 4 306Tool chain test: OK, arch='x86_64', priority 4 307Toolchain '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-x86_64-linux-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'x86_64' has priority 4 308 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux' 309 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux/.' 310 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin' 311 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin/m68k-linux-gcc' 312 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux/usr/bin' 313Tool chain test: OK, arch='m68k', priority 4 314 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux' 315 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux/.' 316 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux/bin' 317 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux/bin/powerpc-linux-gcc' 318 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux/usr/bin' 319Tool chain test: OK, arch='powerpc', priority 4 320 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux' 321 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux/.' 322 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux/bin' 323 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux/bin/bfin-uclinux-gcc' 324 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux/usr/bin' 325Tool chain test: OK, arch='bfin', priority 6 326 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux' 327 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux/.' 328 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin' 329 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin/sparc-linux-gcc' 330 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux/usr/bin' 331Tool chain test: OK, arch='sparc', priority 4 332Toolchain '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin/sparc-linux-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'sparc' has priority 4 333 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux' 334 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux/.' 335 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux/bin' 336 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux/bin/mips-linux-gcc' 337 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux/usr/bin' 338Tool chain test: OK, arch='mips', priority 4 339Toolchain '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/mips-linux/bin/mips-linux-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'mips' has priority 4 340 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux' 341 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux/.' 342 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin' 343 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin/m68k-linux-gcc' 344 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux/usr/bin' 345Tool chain test: OK, arch='m68k', priority 4 346Toolchain '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin/m68k-linux-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'm68k' has priority 4 347 - scanning path '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/powerpc-linux' 348 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/powerpc-linux/.' 349 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/powerpc-linux/bin' 350 - found '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/powerpc-linux/bin/powerpc-linux-gcc' 351 - looking in '/toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/powerpc-linux/usr/bin' 352Tool chain test: OK, arch='powerpc', priority 4 353Tool chain test: OK, arch='or32', priority 4 354 - scanning path '/' 355 - looking in '/.' 356 - looking in '/bin' 357 - looking in '/usr/bin' 358 - found '/usr/bin/i586-mingw32msvc-gcc' 359 - found '/usr/bin/c89-gcc' 360 - found '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' 361 - found '/usr/bin/gcc' 362 - found '/usr/bin/c99-gcc' 363 - found '/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc' 364 - found '/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc' 365 - found '/usr/bin/winegcc' 366 - found '/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc' 367Tool chain test: OK, arch='i586', priority 11 368Tool chain test: OK, arch='c89', priority 11 369Tool chain test: OK, arch='x86_64', priority 4 370Toolchain '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'x86_64' has priority 4 371Tool chain test: OK, arch='sandbox', priority 11 372Tool chain test: OK, arch='c99', priority 11 373Tool chain test: OK, arch='arm', priority 4 374Toolchain '/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'arm' has priority 1 375Tool chain test: OK, arch='aarch64', priority 4 376Toolchain '/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'aarch64' has priority 4 377Tool chain test: OK, arch='sandbox', priority 11 378Toolchain '/usr/bin/winegcc' at priority 11 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'sandbox' has priority 11 379Tool chain test: OK, arch='arm', priority 4 380Toolchain '/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc' at priority 4 will be ignored because another toolchain for arch 'arm' has priority 1 381List of available toolchains (34): 382aarch64 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/bin/aarch64-linux-gcc 383alpha : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/alpha-linux/bin/alpha-linux-gcc 384am33_2.0 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/am33_2.0-linux/bin/am33_2.0-linux-gcc 385arm : /opt/arm-eabi-4.6/bin/arm-eabi-gcc 386bfin : /toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/bfin-uclinux/bin/bfin-uclinux-gcc 387c89 : /usr/bin/c89-gcc 388c99 : /usr/bin/c99-gcc 389frv : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/frv-linux/bin/frv-linux-gcc 390h8300 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/h8300-elf/bin/h8300-elf-gcc 391hppa : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/hppa-linux/bin/hppa-linux-gcc 392hppa64 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/hppa64-linux/bin/hppa64-linux-gcc 393i386 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/i386-linux/bin/i386-linux-gcc 394i586 : /usr/bin/i586-mingw32msvc-gcc 395ia64 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/ia64-linux/bin/ia64-linux-gcc 396m32r : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m32r-linux/bin/m32r-linux-gcc 397m68k : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/m68k-linux/bin/m68k-linux-gcc 398microblaze: /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/microblaze-linux/bin/microblaze-linux-gcc 399mips : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips-linux/bin/mips-linux-gcc 400mips64 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/mips64-linux/bin/mips64-linux-gcc 401or32 : /toolchains/gcc-4.5.1-nolibc/or32-linux/bin/or32-linux-gcc 402powerpc : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc-linux/bin/powerpc-linux-gcc 403powerpc64 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/powerpc64-linux/bin/powerpc64-linux-gcc 404ppc64le : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/ppc64le-linux/bin/ppc64le-linux-gcc 405s390x : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/s390x-linux/bin/s390x-linux-gcc 406sandbox : /usr/bin/gcc 407sh4 : /toolchains/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/sh4-linux/bin/sh4-linux-gcc 408sparc : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc-linux/bin/sparc-linux-gcc 409sparc64 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/sparc64-linux/bin/sparc64-linux-gcc 410tilegx : /toolchains/gcc-4.6.2-nolibc/tilegx-linux/bin/tilegx-linux-gcc 411x86 : /opt/gcc-4.6.3-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-gcc 412x86_64 : /toolchains/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/x86_64-linux/bin/x86_64-linux-gcc 413 414 415You can see that everything is covered, even some strange ones that won't 416be used (c88 and c99). This is a feature. 417 418 4195. Install new toolchains if needed 420 421You can download toolchains and update the [toolchain] section of the 422settings file to find them. 423 424To make this easier, buildman can automatically download and install 425toolchains from kernel.org. First list the available architectures: 426 427$ ./tools/buildman/buildman --fetch-arch list 428Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.6.3/ 429Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.6.2/ 430Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.5.1/ 431Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.2.4/ 432Available architectures: alpha am33_2.0 arm bfin cris crisv32 frv h8300 433hppa hppa64 i386 ia64 m32r m68k mips mips64 or32 powerpc powerpc64 s390x sh4 434sparc sparc64 tilegx x86_64 xtensa 435 436Then pick one and download it: 437 438$ ./tools/buildman/buildman --fetch-arch or32 439Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.6.3/ 440Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.6.2/ 441Checking: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.5.1/ 442Downloading: https://www.kernel.org/pub/tools/crosstool/files/bin/x86_64/4.5.1//x86_64-gcc-4.5.1-nolibc_or32-linux.tar.xz 443Unpacking to: /home/sjg/.buildman-toolchains 444Testing 445 - looking in '/home/sjg/.buildman-toolchains/gcc-4.5.1-nolibc/or32-linux/.' 446 - looking in '/home/sjg/.buildman-toolchains/gcc-4.5.1-nolibc/or32-linux/bin' 447 - found '/home/sjg/.buildman-toolchains/gcc-4.5.1-nolibc/or32-linux/bin/or32-linux-gcc' 448Tool chain test: OK 449 450Or download them all from kernel.org and move them to /toolchains directory, 451 452$ ./tools/buildman/buildman --fetch-arch all 453$ sudo mkdir -p /toolchains 454$ sudo mv ~/.buildman-toolchains/*/* /toolchains/ 455 456For those not available from kernel.org, download from the following links. 457 458arc: https://github.com/foss-for-synopsys-dwc-arc-processors/toolchain/releases/ 459 download/arc-2016.09-release/arc_gnu_2016.09_prebuilt_uclibc_le_archs_linux_install.tar.gz 460blackfin: http://sourceforge.net/projects/adi-toolchain/files/ 461 blackfin-toolchain-elf-gcc-4.5-2014R1_45-RC2.x86_64.tar.bz2 462nds32: http://osdk.andestech.com/packages/ 463 nds32le-linux-glibc-v1.tgz 464nios2: http://sourcery.mentor.com/public/gnu_toolchain/nios2-linux-gnu/ 465 sourceryg++-2015.11-27-nios2-linux-gnu-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2 466sh: http://sourcery.mentor.com/public/gnu_toolchain/sh-linux-gnu/ 467 renesas-4.4-200-sh-linux-gnu-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2 468 469Note openrisc kernel.org toolchain is out of date. Download the latest one from 470http://opencores.org/or1k/OpenRISC_GNU_tool_chain#Prebuilt_versions - eg: 471ftp://ocuser:ocuser@openrisc.opencores.org/toolchain/gcc-or1k-elf-4.8.1-x86.tar.bz2. 472 473Buildman should now be set up to use your new toolchain. 474 475At the time of writing, U-Boot has these architectures: 476 477 arc, arm, blackfin, m68k, microblaze, mips, nds32, nios2, openrisc 478 powerpc, sandbox, sh, sparc, x86 479 480Of these, only arc and nds32 are not available at kernel.org.. 481 482 483How to run it 484============= 485 486First do a dry run using the -n flag: (replace <branch> with a real, local 487branch with a valid upstream) 488 489$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch> -n 490 491If it can't detect the upstream branch, try checking out the branch, and 492doing something like 'git branch --set-upstream-to upstream/master' 493or something similar. Buildman will try to guess a suitable upstream branch 494if it can't find one (you will see a message like" Guessing upstream as ...). 495 496As an example: 497 498Dry run, so not doing much. But I would do this: 499 500Building 18 commits for 1059 boards (4 threads, 1 job per thread) 501Build directory: ../lcd9b 502 5bb3505 Merge branch 'master' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-arm 503 c18f1b4 tegra: Use const for pinmux_config_pingroup/table() 504 2f043ae tegra: Add display support to funcmux 505 e349900 tegra: fdt: Add pwm binding and node 506 424a5f0 tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Tegra 507 0636ccf tegra: Add support for PWM 508 a994fe7 tegra: Add SOC support for display/lcd 509 fcd7350 tegra: Add LCD driver 510 4d46e9d tegra: Add LCD support to Nvidia boards 511 991bd48 arm: Add control over cachability of memory regions 512 54e8019 lcd: Add CONFIG_LCD_ALIGNMENT to select frame buffer alignment 513 d92aff7 lcd: Add support for flushing LCD fb from dcache after update 514 dbd0677 tegra: Align LCD frame buffer to section boundary 515 0cff9b8 tegra: Support control of cache settings for LCD 516 9c56900 tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Seaboard 517 5cc29db lcd: Add CONFIG_CONSOLE_SCROLL_LINES option to speed console 518 cac5a23 tegra: Enable display/lcd support on Seaboard 519 49ff541 wip 520 521Total boards to build for each commit: 1059 522 523This shows that it will build all 1059 boards, using 4 threads (because 524we have a 4-core CPU). Each thread will run with -j1, meaning that each 525make job will use a single CPU. The list of commits to be built helps you 526confirm that things look about right. Notice that buildman has chosen a 527'base' directory for you, immediately above your source tree. 528 529Buildman works entirely inside the base directory, here ../lcd9b, 530creating a working directory for each thread, and creating output 531directories for each commit and board. 532 533 534Suggested Workflow 535================== 536 537To run the build for real, take off the -n: 538 539$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch> 540 541Buildman will set up some working directories, and get started. After a 542minute or so it will settle down to a steady pace, with a display like this: 543 544Building 18 commits for 1059 boards (4 threads, 1 job per thread) 545 528 36 124 /19062 1:13:30 : SIMPC8313_SP 546 547This means that it is building 19062 board/commit combinations. So far it 548has managed to successfully build 528. Another 36 have built with warnings, 549and 124 more didn't build at all. Buildman expects to complete the process 550in around an hour and a quarter. Use this time to buy a faster computer. 551 552 553To find out how the build went, ask for a summary with -s. You can do this 554either before the build completes (presumably in another terminal) or 555afterwards. Let's work through an example of how this is used: 556 557$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b lcd9b -s 558... 55901: Merge branch 'master' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-arm 560 powerpc: + galaxy5200_LOWBOOT 56102: tegra: Use const for pinmux_config_pingroup/table() 56203: tegra: Add display support to funcmux 56304: tegra: fdt: Add pwm binding and node 56405: tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Tegra 56506: tegra: Add support for PWM 56607: tegra: Add SOC support for display/lcd 56708: tegra: Add LCD driver 56809: tegra: Add LCD support to Nvidia boards 56910: arm: Add control over cachability of memory regions 57011: lcd: Add CONFIG_LCD_ALIGNMENT to select frame buffer alignment 57112: lcd: Add support for flushing LCD fb from dcache after update 572 arm: + lubbock 57313: tegra: Align LCD frame buffer to section boundary 57414: tegra: Support control of cache settings for LCD 57515: tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Seaboard 57616: lcd: Add CONFIG_CONSOLE_SCROLL_LINES option to speed console 57717: tegra: Enable display/lcd support on Seaboard 57818: wip 579 580This shows which commits have succeeded and which have failed. In this case 581the build is still in progress so many boards are not built yet (use -u to 582see which ones). But still we can see a few failures. The galaxy5200_LOWBOOT 583never builds correctly. This could be a problem with our toolchain, or it 584could be a bug in the upstream. The good news is that we probably don't need 585to blame our commits. The bad news is that our commits are not tested on that 586board. 587 588Commit 12 broke lubbock. That's what the '+ lubbock' means. The failure 589is never fixed by a later commit, or you would see lubbock again, in green, 590without the +. 591 592To see the actual error: 593 594$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch> -se lubbock 595... 59612: lcd: Add support for flushing LCD fb from dcache after update 597 arm: + lubbock 598+common/libcommon.o: In function `lcd_sync': 599+/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/common/lcd.c:120: undefined reference to `flush_dcache_range' 600+arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ld: BFD (Sourcery G++ Lite 2010q1-202) 2.19.51.20090709 assertion fail /scratch/julian/2010q1-release-linux-lite/obj/binutils-src-2010q1-202-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu/bfd/elf32-arm.c:12572 601+make: *** [/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/build/u-boot] Error 139 60213: tegra: Align LCD frame buffer to section boundary 60314: tegra: Support control of cache settings for LCD 60415: tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Seaboard 60516: lcd: Add CONFIG_CONSOLE_SCROLL_LINES option to speed console 606-/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/common/lcd.c:120: undefined reference to `flush_dcache_range' 607+/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/common/lcd.c:125: undefined reference to `flush_dcache_range' 60817: tegra: Enable display/lcd support on Seaboard 60918: wip 610 611So the problem is in lcd.c, due to missing cache operations. This information 612should be enough to work out what that commit is doing to break these 613boards. (In this case pxa did not have cache operations defined). 614 615If you see error lines marked with '-', that means that the errors were fixed 616by that commit. Sometimes commits can be in the wrong order, so that a 617breakage is introduced for a few commits and fixed by later commits. This 618shows up clearly with buildman. You can then reorder the commits and try 619again. 620 621At commit 16, the error moves: you can see that the old error at line 120 622is fixed, but there is a new one at line 126. This is probably only because 623we added some code and moved the broken line further down the file. 624 625If many boards have the same error, then -e will display the error only 626once. This makes the output as concise as possible. To see which boards have 627each error, use -l. So it is safe to omit the board name - you will not get 628lots of repeated output for every board. 629 630Buildman tries to distinguish warnings from errors, and shows warning lines 631separately with a 'w' prefix. 632 633The full build output in this case is available in: 634 635../lcd9b/12_of_18_gd92aff7_lcd--Add-support-for/lubbock/ 636 637 done: Indicates the build was done, and holds the return code from make. 638 This is 0 for a good build, typically 2 for a failure. 639 640 err: Output from stderr, if any. Errors and warnings appear here. 641 642 log: Output from stdout. Normally there isn't any since buildman runs 643 in silent mode. Use -V to force a verbose build (this passes V=1 644 to 'make') 645 646 toolchain: Shows information about the toolchain used for the build. 647 648 sizes: Shows image size information. 649 650It is possible to get the build binary output there also. Use the -k option 651for this. In that case you will also see some output files, like: 652 653 System.map toolchain u-boot u-boot.bin u-boot.map autoconf.mk 654 (also SPL versions u-boot-spl and u-boot-spl.bin if available) 655 656 657Checking Image Sizes 658==================== 659 660A key requirement for U-Boot is that you keep code/data size to a minimum. 661Where a new feature increases this noticeably it should normally be put 662behind a CONFIG flag so that boards can leave it disabled and keep the image 663size more or less the same with each new release. 664 665To check the impact of your commits on image size, use -S. For example: 666 667$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b us-x86 -sS 668Summary of 10 commits for 1066 boards (4 threads, 1 job per thread) 66901: MAKEALL: add support for per architecture toolchains 67002: x86: Add function to get top of usable ram 671 x86: (for 1/3 boards) text -272.0 rodata +41.0 67203: x86: Add basic cache operations 67304: x86: Permit bootstage and timer data to be used prior to relocation 674 x86: (for 1/3 boards) data +16.0 67505: x86: Add an __end symbol to signal the end of the U-Boot binary 676 x86: (for 1/3 boards) text +76.0 67706: x86: Rearrange the output input to remove BSS 678 x86: (for 1/3 boards) bss -2140.0 67907: x86: Support relocation of FDT on start-up 680 x86: + coreboot-x86 68108: x86: Add error checking to x86 relocation code 68209: x86: Adjust link device tree include file 68310: x86: Enable CONFIG_OF_CONTROL on coreboot 684 685 686You can see that image size only changed on x86, which is good because this 687series is not supposed to change any other board. From commit 7 onwards the 688build fails so we don't get code size numbers. The numbers are fractional 689because they are an average of all boards for that architecture. The 690intention is to allow you to quickly find image size problems introduced by 691your commits. 692 693Note that the 'text' region and 'rodata' are split out. You should add the 694two together to get the total read-only size (reported as the first column 695in the output from binutil's 'size' utility). 696 697A useful option is --step which lets you skip some commits. For example 698--step 2 will show the image sizes for only every 2nd commit (so it will 699compare the image sizes of the 1st, 3rd, 5th... commits). You can also use 700--step 0 which will compare only the first and last commits. This is useful 701for an overview of how your entire series affects code size. It will build 702only the upstream commit and your final branch commit. 703 704You can also use -d to see a detailed size breakdown for each board. This 705list is sorted in order from largest growth to largest reduction. 706 707It is even possible to go a little further with the -B option (--bloat). This 708shows where U-Boot has bloated, breaking the size change down to the function 709level. Example output is below: 710 711$ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b us-mem4 -sSdB 712... 71319: Roll crc32 into hash infrastructure 714 arm: (for 10/10 boards) all -143.4 bss +1.2 data -4.8 rodata -48.2 text -91.6 715 paz00 : all +23 bss -4 rodata -29 text +56 716 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 3/-2 bytes: 168/-104 (64) 717 function old new delta 718 hash_command 80 160 +80 719 crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 720 ext4fs_read_file 540 568 +28 721 insert_var_value_sub 688 692 +4 722 run_list_real 1996 1992 -4 723 do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 724 trimslice : all -9 bss +16 rodata -29 text +4 725 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 136/-124 (12) 726 function old new delta 727 hash_command 80 160 +80 728 crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 729 ext4fs_iterate_dir 672 668 -4 730 ext4fs_read_file 568 548 -20 731 do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 732 whistler : all -9 bss +16 rodata -29 text +4 733 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 136/-124 (12) 734 function old new delta 735 hash_command 80 160 +80 736 crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 737 ext4fs_iterate_dir 672 668 -4 738 ext4fs_read_file 568 548 -20 739 do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 740 seaboard : all -9 bss -28 rodata -29 text +48 741 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 3/-2 bytes: 160/-104 (56) 742 function old new delta 743 hash_command 80 160 +80 744 crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 745 ext4fs_read_file 548 568 +20 746 run_list_real 1996 2000 +4 747 do_nandboot 760 756 -4 748 do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 749 colibri_t20 : all -9 rodata -29 text +20 750 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 2/-3 bytes: 140/-112 (28) 751 function old new delta 752 hash_command 80 160 +80 753 crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 754 read_abs_bbt 204 208 +4 755 do_nandboot 760 756 -4 756 ext4fs_read_file 576 568 -8 757 do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 758 ventana : all -37 bss -12 rodata -29 text +4 759 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 136/-124 (12) 760 function old new delta 761 hash_command 80 160 +80 762 crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 763 ext4fs_iterate_dir 672 668 -4 764 ext4fs_read_file 568 548 -20 765 do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 766 harmony : all -37 bss -16 rodata -29 text +8 767 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 2/-3 bytes: 140/-124 (16) 768 function old new delta 769 hash_command 80 160 +80 770 crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 771 nand_write_oob_syndrome 428 432 +4 772 ext4fs_iterate_dir 672 668 -4 773 ext4fs_read_file 568 548 -20 774 do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 775 medcom-wide : all -417 bss +28 data -16 rodata -93 text -336 776 u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 1/-2 bytes: 88/-376 (-288) 777 function old new delta 778 crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 779 do_fat_read_at 2872 2904 +32 780 hash_algo 16 - -16 781 do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 782 hash_command 420 160 -260 783 tec : all -449 bss -4 data -16 rodata -93 text -336 784 u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 1/-2 bytes: 88/-376 (-288) 785 function old new delta 786 crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 787 do_fat_read_at 2872 2904 +32 788 hash_algo 16 - -16 789 do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 790 hash_command 420 160 -260 791 plutux : all -481 bss +16 data -16 rodata -93 text -388 792 u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 68/-408 (-340) 793 function old new delta 794 crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 795 do_load_serial_bin 1688 1700 +12 796 hash_algo 16 - -16 797 do_fat_read_at 2904 2872 -32 798 do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 799 hash_command 420 160 -260 800 powerpc: (for 5/5 boards) all +37.4 data -3.2 rodata -41.8 text +82.4 801 MPC8610HPCD : all +55 rodata -29 text +84 802 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80) 803 function old new delta 804 hash_command - 176 +176 805 do_mem_crc 184 88 -96 806 MPC8641HPCN : all +55 rodata -29 text +84 807 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80) 808 function old new delta 809 hash_command - 176 +176 810 do_mem_crc 184 88 -96 811 MPC8641HPCN_36BIT: all +55 rodata -29 text +84 812 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80) 813 function old new delta 814 hash_command - 176 +176 815 do_mem_crc 184 88 -96 816 sbc8641d : all +55 rodata -29 text +84 817 u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80) 818 function old new delta 819 hash_command - 176 +176 820 do_mem_crc 184 88 -96 821 xpedite517x : all -33 data -16 rodata -93 text +76 822 u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-112 (64) 823 function old new delta 824 hash_command - 176 +176 825 hash_algo 16 - -16 826 do_mem_crc 184 88 -96 827... 828 829 830This shows that commit 19 has reduced codesize for arm slightly and increased 831it for powerpc. This increase was offset in by reductions in rodata and 832data/bss. 833 834Shown below the summary lines are the sizes for each board. Below each board 835are the sizes for each function. This information starts with: 836 837 add - number of functions added / removed 838 grow - number of functions which grew / shrunk 839 bytes - number of bytes of code added to / removed from all functions, 840 plus the total byte change in brackets 841 842The change seems to be that hash_command() has increased by more than the 843do_mem_crc() function has decreased. The function sizes typically add up to 844roughly the text area size, but note that every read-only section except 845rodata is included in 'text', so the function total does not exactly 846correspond. 847 848It is common when refactoring code for the rodata to decrease as the text size 849increases, and vice versa. 850 851 852The .buildman file 853================== 854 855The .buildman file provides information about the available toolchains and 856also allows build flags to be passed to 'make'. It consists of several 857sections, with the section name in square brackets. Within each section are 858a set of (tag, value) pairs. 859 860'[toolchain]' section 861 862 This lists the available toolchains. The tag here doesn't matter, but 863 make sure it is unique. The value is the path to the toolchain. Buildman 864 will look in that path for a file ending in 'gcc'. It will then execute 865 it to check that it is a C compiler, passing only the --version flag to 866 it. If the return code is 0, buildman assumes that it is a valid C 867 compiler. It uses the first part of the name as the architecture and 868 strips off the last part when setting the CROSS_COMPILE environment 869 variable (parts are delimited with a hyphen). 870 871 For example powerpc-linux-gcc will be noted as a toolchain for 'powerpc' 872 and CROSS_COMPILE will be set to powerpc-linux- when using it. 873 874'[toolchain-alias]' section 875 876 This converts toolchain architecture names to U-Boot names. For example, 877 if an x86 toolchains is called i386-linux-gcc it will not normally be 878 used for architecture 'x86'. Adding 'x86: i386 x86_64' to this section 879 will tell buildman that the i386 and x86_64 toolchains can be used for 880 the x86 architecture. 881 882'[make-flags]' section 883 884 U-Boot's build system supports a few flags (such as BUILD_TAG) which 885 affect the build product. These flags can be specified in the buildman 886 settings file. They can also be useful when building U-Boot against other 887 open source software. 888 889 [make-flags] 890 at91-boards=ENABLE_AT91_TEST=1 891 snapper9260=${at91-boards} BUILD_TAG=442 892 snapper9g45=${at91-boards} BUILD_TAG=443 893 894 This will use 'make ENABLE_AT91_TEST=1 BUILD_TAG=442' for snapper9260 895 and 'make ENABLE_AT91_TEST=1 BUILD_TAG=443' for snapper9g45. A special 896 variable ${target} is available to access the target name (snapper9260 897 and snapper9g20 in this case). Variables are resolved recursively. Note 898 that variables can only contain the characters A-Z, a-z, 0-9, hyphen (-) 899 and underscore (_). 900 901 It is expected that any variables added are dealt with in U-Boot's 902 config.mk file and documented in the README. 903 904 Note that you can pass ad-hoc options to the build using environment 905 variables, for example: 906 907 SOME_OPTION=1234 ./tools/buildman/buildman my_board 908 909 910Quick Sanity Check 911================== 912 913If you have made changes and want to do a quick sanity check of the 914currently checked-out source, run buildman without the -b flag. This will 915build the selected boards and display build status as it runs (i.e. -v is 916enabled automatically). Use -e to see errors/warnings as well. 917 918 919Building Ranges 920=============== 921 922You can build a range of commits by specifying a range instead of a branch 923when using the -b flag. For example: 924 925 upstream/master..us-buildman 926 927will build commits in us-buildman that are not in upstream/master. 928 929 930Building Faster 931=============== 932 933By default, buildman executes 'make mrproper' prior to building the first 934commit for each board. This causes everything to be built from scratch. If you 935trust the build system's incremental build capabilities, you can pass the -I 936flag to skip the 'make mproper' invocation, which will reduce the amount of 937work 'make' does, and hence speed up the build. This flag will speed up any 938buildman invocation, since it reduces the amount of work done on any build. 939 940One possible application of buildman is as part of a continual edit, build, 941edit, build, ... cycle; repeatedly applying buildman to the same change or 942series of changes while making small incremental modifications to the source 943each time. This provides quick feedback regarding the correctness of recent 944modifications. In this scenario, buildman's default choice of build directory 945causes more build work to be performed than strictly necessary. 946 947By default, each buildman thread uses a single directory for all builds. When a 948thread builds multiple boards, the configuration built in this directory will 949cycle through various different configurations, one per board built by the 950thread. Variations in the configuration will force a rebuild of affected source 951files when a thread switches between boards. Ideally, such buildman-induced 952rebuilds would not happen, thus allowing the build to operate as efficiently as 953the build system and source changes allow. buildman's -P flag may be used to 954enable this; -P causes each board to be built in a separate (board-specific) 955directory, thus avoiding any buildman-induced configuration changes in any 956build directory. 957 958U-Boot's build system embeds information such as a build timestamp into the 959final binary. This information varies each time U-Boot is built. This causes 960various files to be rebuilt even if no source changes are made, which in turn 961requires that the final U-Boot binary be re-linked. This unnecessary work can 962be avoided by turning off the timestamp feature. This can be achieved by 963setting the SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH environment variable to 0. 964 965Combining all of these options together yields the command-line shown below. 966This will provide the quickest possible feedback regarding the current content 967of the source tree, thus allowing rapid tested evolution of the code. 968 969 SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH=0 ./tools/buildman/buildman -I -P tegra 970 971 972Checking configuration 973====================== 974 975A common requirement when converting CONFIG options to Kconfig is to check 976that the effective configuration has not changed due to the conversion. 977Buildman supports this with the -K option, used after a build. This shows 978differences in effective configuration between one commit and the next. 979 980For example: 981 982 $ buildman -b kc4 -sK 983 ... 984 43: Convert CONFIG_SPL_USBETH_SUPPORT to Kconfig 985 arm: 986 + u-boot.cfg: CONFIG_SPL_ENV_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NET_SUPPORT=1 987 + u-boot-spl.cfg: CONFIG_SPL_MMC_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SUPPORT=1 988 + all: CONFIG_SPL_ENV_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_MMC_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NET_SUPPORT=1 989 am335x_evm_usbspl : 990 + u-boot.cfg: CONFIG_SPL_ENV_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NET_SUPPORT=1 991 + u-boot-spl.cfg: CONFIG_SPL_MMC_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SUPPORT=1 992 + all: CONFIG_SPL_ENV_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_MMC_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SUPPORT=1 CONFIG_SPL_NET_SUPPORT=1 993 44: Convert CONFIG_SPL_USB_HOST_SUPPORT to Kconfig 994 ... 995 996This shows that commit 44 enabled three new options for the board 997am335x_evm_usbspl which were not enabled in commit 43. There is also a 998summary for 'arm' showing all the changes detected for that architecture. 999In this case there is only one board with changes, so 'arm' output is the 1000same as 'am335x_evm_usbspl'/ 1001 1002The -K option uses the u-boot.cfg, spl/u-boot-spl.cfg and tpl/u-boot-tpl.cfg 1003files which are produced by a build. If all you want is to check the 1004configuration you can in fact avoid doing a full build, using -D. This tells 1005buildman to configuration U-Boot and create the .cfg files, but not actually 1006build the source. This is 5-10 times faster than doing a full build. 1007 1008By default buildman considers the follow two configuration methods 1009equivalent: 1010 1011 #define CONFIG_SOME_OPTION 1012 1013 CONFIG_SOME_OPTION=y 1014 1015The former would appear in a header filer and the latter in a defconfig 1016file. The achieve this, buildman considers 'y' to be '1' in configuration 1017variables. This avoids lots of useless output when converting a CONFIG 1018option to Kconfig. To disable this behaviour, use --squash-config-y. 1019 1020 1021Checking the environment 1022======================== 1023 1024When converting CONFIG options which manipulate the default environment, 1025a common requirement is to check that the default environment has not 1026changed due to the conversion. Buildman supports this with the -U option, 1027used after a build. This shows differences in the default environment 1028between one commit and the next. 1029 1030For example: 1031 1032$ buildman -b squash brppt1 -sU 1033boards.cfg is up to date. Nothing to do. 1034Summary of 2 commits for 3 boards (3 threads, 3 jobs per thread) 103501: Migrate bootlimit to Kconfig 103602: Squashed commit of the following: 1037 c brppt1_mmc: altbootcmd=mmc dev 1; run mmcboot0; -> mmc dev 1; run mmcboot0 1038 c brppt1_spi: altbootcmd=mmc dev 1; run mmcboot0; -> mmc dev 1; run mmcboot0 1039 + brppt1_nand: altbootcmd=run usbscript 1040 - brppt1_nand: altbootcmd=run usbscript 1041(no errors to report) 1042 1043This shows that commit 2 modified the value of 'altbootcmd' for 'brppt1_mmc' 1044and 'brppt1_spi', removing a trailing semicolon. 'brppt1_nand' gained an a 1045value for 'altbootcmd', but lost one for ' altbootcmd'. 1046 1047The -U option uses the u-boot.env files which are produced by a build. 1048 1049Other options 1050============= 1051 1052Buildman has various other command line options. Try --help to see them. 1053 1054When doing builds, Buildman's return code will reflect the overall result: 1055 1056 0 (success) No errors or warnings found 1057 128 Errors found 1058 129 Warnings found 1059 1060 1061How to change from MAKEALL 1062========================== 1063 1064Buildman includes most of the features of MAKEALL and is generally faster 1065and easier to use. In particular it builds entire branches: if a particular 1066commit introduces an error in a particular board, buildman can easily show 1067you this, even if a later commit fixes that error. 1068 1069The reasons to deprecate MAKEALL are: 1070- We don't want to maintain two build systems 1071- Buildman is typically faster 1072- Buildman has a lot more features 1073 1074But still, many people will be sad to lose MAKEALL. If you are used to 1075MAKEALL, here are a few pointers. 1076 1077First you need to set up your tool chains - see the 'Setting up' section 1078for details. Once you have your required toolchain(s) detected then you are 1079ready to go. 1080 1081To build the current source tree, run buildman without a -b flag: 1082 1083 ./tools/buildman/buildman <list of things to build> 1084 1085This will build the current source tree for the given boards and display 1086the results and errors. 1087 1088However buildman usually works on entire branches, and for that you must 1089specify a board flag: 1090 1091 ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch_name> <list of things to build> 1092 1093followed by (afterwards, or perhaps concurrently in another terminal): 1094 1095 ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch_name> -s <list of things to build> 1096 1097to see the results of the build. Rather than showing you all the output, 1098buildman just shows a summary, with red indicating that a commit introduced 1099an error and green indicating that a commit fixed an error. Use the -e 1100flag to see the full errors and -l to see which boards caused which errors. 1101 1102If you really want to see build results as they happen, use -v when doing a 1103build (and -e to see the errors/warnings too). 1104 1105You don't need to stick around on that branch while buildman is running. It 1106checks out its own copy of the source code, so you can change branches, 1107add commits, etc. without affecting the build in progress. 1108 1109The <list of things to build> can include board names, architectures or the 1110like. There are no flags to disambiguate since ambiguities are rare. Using 1111the examples from MAKEALL: 1112 1113Examples: 1114 - build all Power Architecture boards: 1115 MAKEALL -a powerpc 1116 MAKEALL --arch powerpc 1117 MAKEALL powerpc 1118 ** buildman -b <branch> powerpc 1119 - build all PowerPC boards manufactured by vendor "esd": 1120 MAKEALL -a powerpc -v esd 1121 ** buildman -b <branch> esd 1122 - build all PowerPC boards manufactured either by "keymile" or "siemens": 1123 MAKEALL -a powerpc -v keymile -v siemens 1124 ** buildman -b <branch> keymile siemens 1125 - build all Freescale boards with MPC83xx CPUs, plus all 4xx boards: 1126 MAKEALL -c mpc83xx -v freescale 4xx 1127 ** buildman -b <branch> mpc83xx freescale 4xx 1128 1129Buildman automatically tries to use all the CPUs in your machine. If you 1130are building a lot of boards it will use one thread for every CPU core 1131it detects in your machine. This is like MAKEALL's BUILD_NBUILDS option. 1132You can use the -T flag to change the number of threads. If you are only 1133building a few boards, buildman will automatically run make with the -j 1134flag to increase the number of concurrent make tasks. It isn't normally 1135that helpful to fiddle with this option, but if you use the BUILD_NCPUS 1136option in MAKEALL then -j is the equivalent in buildman. 1137 1138Buildman puts its output in ../<branch_name> by default but you can change 1139this with the -o option. Buildman normally does out-of-tree builds: use -i 1140to disable that if you really want to. But be careful that once you have 1141used -i you pollute buildman's copies of the source tree, and you will need 1142to remove the build directory (normally ../<branch_name>) to run buildman 1143in normal mode (without -i). 1144 1145Buildman doesn't keep the output result normally, but use the -k option to 1146do this. 1147 1148Please read 'Theory of Operation' a few times as it will make a lot of 1149things clearer. 1150 1151Some options you might like are: 1152 1153 -B shows which functions are growing/shrinking in which commit - great 1154 for finding code bloat. 1155 -S shows image sizes for each commit (just an overall summary) 1156 -u shows boards that you haven't built yet 1157 --step 0 will build just the upstream commit and the last commit of your 1158 branch. This is often a quick sanity check that your branch doesn't 1159 break anything. But note this does not check bisectability! 1160 1161 1162TODO 1163==== 1164 1165This has mostly be written in my spare time as a response to my difficulties 1166in testing large series of patches. Apart from tidying up there is quite a 1167bit of scope for improvement. Things like better error diffs and easier 1168access to log files. Also it would be nice if buildman could 'hunt' for 1169problems, perhaps by building a few boards for each arch, or checking 1170commits for changed files and building only boards which use those files. 1171 1172A specific problem to fix is that Ctrl-C does not exit buildman cleanly when 1173multiple builder threads are active. 1174 1175Credits 1176======= 1177 1178Thanks to Grant Grundler <grundler@chromium.org> for his ideas for improving 1179the build speed by building all commits for a board instead of the other 1180way around. 1181 1182 1183Simon Glass 1184sjg@chromium.org 1185Halloween 2012 1186Updated 12-12-12 1187Updated 23-02-13 1188