1# Copyright (c) 2013, Google Inc. 2# 3# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ 4# 5# Sanity check of the FIT handling in U-Boot 6 7import os 8import pytest 9import struct 10import u_boot_utils as util 11 12# Define a base ITS which we can adjust using % and a dictionary 13base_its = ''' 14/dts-v1/; 15 16/ { 17 description = "Chrome OS kernel image with one or more FDT blobs"; 18 #address-cells = <1>; 19 20 images { 21 kernel@1 { 22 data = /incbin/("%(kernel)s"); 23 type = "kernel"; 24 arch = "sandbox"; 25 os = "linux"; 26 compression = "none"; 27 load = <0x40000>; 28 entry = <0x8>; 29 }; 30 kernel@2 { 31 data = /incbin/("%(loadables1)s"); 32 type = "kernel"; 33 arch = "sandbox"; 34 os = "linux"; 35 compression = "none"; 36 %(loadables1_load)s 37 entry = <0x0>; 38 }; 39 fdt@1 { 40 description = "snow"; 41 data = /incbin/("u-boot.dtb"); 42 type = "flat_dt"; 43 arch = "sandbox"; 44 %(fdt_load)s 45 compression = "none"; 46 signature@1 { 47 algo = "sha1,rsa2048"; 48 key-name-hint = "dev"; 49 }; 50 }; 51 ramdisk@1 { 52 description = "snow"; 53 data = /incbin/("%(ramdisk)s"); 54 type = "ramdisk"; 55 arch = "sandbox"; 56 os = "linux"; 57 %(ramdisk_load)s 58 compression = "none"; 59 }; 60 ramdisk@2 { 61 description = "snow"; 62 data = /incbin/("%(loadables2)s"); 63 type = "ramdisk"; 64 arch = "sandbox"; 65 os = "linux"; 66 %(loadables2_load)s 67 compression = "none"; 68 }; 69 }; 70 configurations { 71 default = "conf@1"; 72 conf@1 { 73 kernel = "kernel@1"; 74 fdt = "fdt@1"; 75 %(ramdisk_config)s 76 %(loadables_config)s 77 }; 78 }; 79}; 80''' 81 82# Define a base FDT - currently we don't use anything in this 83base_fdt = ''' 84/dts-v1/; 85 86/ { 87 model = "Sandbox Verified Boot Test"; 88 compatible = "sandbox"; 89 90 reset@0 { 91 compatible = "sandbox,reset"; 92 }; 93 94}; 95''' 96 97# This is the U-Boot script that is run for each test. First load the FIT, 98# then run the 'bootm' command, then save out memory from the places where 99# we expect 'bootm' to write things. Then quit. 100base_script = ''' 101sb load hostfs 0 %(fit_addr)x %(fit)s 102fdt addr %(fit_addr)x 103bootm start %(fit_addr)x 104bootm loados 105sb save hostfs 0 %(kernel_addr)x %(kernel_out)s %(kernel_size)x 106sb save hostfs 0 %(fdt_addr)x %(fdt_out)s %(fdt_size)x 107sb save hostfs 0 %(ramdisk_addr)x %(ramdisk_out)s %(ramdisk_size)x 108sb save hostfs 0 %(loadables1_addr)x %(loadables1_out)s %(loadables1_size)x 109sb save hostfs 0 %(loadables2_addr)x %(loadables2_out)s %(loadables2_size)x 110''' 111 112@pytest.mark.boardspec('sandbox') 113@pytest.mark.buildconfigspec('fit_signature') 114def test_fit(u_boot_console): 115 def make_fname(leaf): 116 """Make a temporary filename 117 118 Args: 119 leaf: Leaf name of file to create (within temporary directory) 120 Return: 121 Temporary filename 122 """ 123 124 return os.path.join(cons.config.build_dir, leaf) 125 126 def filesize(fname): 127 """Get the size of a file 128 129 Args: 130 fname: Filename to check 131 Return: 132 Size of file in bytes 133 """ 134 return os.stat(fname).st_size 135 136 def read_file(fname): 137 """Read the contents of a file 138 139 Args: 140 fname: Filename to read 141 Returns: 142 Contents of file as a string 143 """ 144 with open(fname, 'r') as fd: 145 return fd.read() 146 147 def make_dtb(): 148 """Make a sample .dts file and compile it to a .dtb 149 150 Returns: 151 Filename of .dtb file created 152 """ 153 src = make_fname('u-boot.dts') 154 dtb = make_fname('u-boot.dtb') 155 with open(src, 'w') as fd: 156 print >> fd, base_fdt 157 util.run_and_log(cons, ['dtc', src, '-O', 'dtb', '-o', dtb]) 158 return dtb 159 160 def make_its(params): 161 """Make a sample .its file with parameters embedded 162 163 Args: 164 params: Dictionary containing parameters to embed in the %() strings 165 Returns: 166 Filename of .its file created 167 """ 168 its = make_fname('test.its') 169 with open(its, 'w') as fd: 170 print >> fd, base_its % params 171 return its 172 173 def make_fit(mkimage, params): 174 """Make a sample .fit file ready for loading 175 176 This creates a .its script with the selected parameters and uses mkimage to 177 turn this into a .fit image. 178 179 Args: 180 mkimage: Filename of 'mkimage' utility 181 params: Dictionary containing parameters to embed in the %() strings 182 Return: 183 Filename of .fit file created 184 """ 185 fit = make_fname('test.fit') 186 its = make_its(params) 187 util.run_and_log(cons, [mkimage, '-f', its, fit]) 188 with open(make_fname('u-boot.dts'), 'w') as fd: 189 print >> fd, base_fdt 190 return fit 191 192 def make_kernel(filename, text): 193 """Make a sample kernel with test data 194 195 Args: 196 filename: the name of the file you want to create 197 Returns: 198 Full path and filename of the kernel it created 199 """ 200 fname = make_fname(filename) 201 data = '' 202 for i in range(100): 203 data += 'this %s %d is unlikely to boot\n' % (text, i) 204 with open(fname, 'w') as fd: 205 print >> fd, data 206 return fname 207 208 def make_ramdisk(filename, text): 209 """Make a sample ramdisk with test data 210 211 Returns: 212 Filename of ramdisk created 213 """ 214 fname = make_fname(filename) 215 data = '' 216 for i in range(100): 217 data += '%s %d was seldom used in the middle ages\n' % (text, i) 218 with open(fname, 'w') as fd: 219 print >> fd, data 220 return fname 221 222 def find_matching(text, match): 223 """Find a match in a line of text, and return the unmatched line portion 224 225 This is used to extract a part of a line from some text. The match string 226 is used to locate the line - we use the first line that contains that 227 match text. 228 229 Once we find a match, we discard the match string itself from the line, 230 and return what remains. 231 232 TODO: If this function becomes more generally useful, we could change it 233 to use regex and return groups. 234 235 Args: 236 text: Text to check (list of strings, one for each command issued) 237 match: String to search for 238 Return: 239 String containing unmatched portion of line 240 Exceptions: 241 ValueError: If match is not found 242 243 >>> find_matching(['first line:10', 'second_line:20'], 'first line:') 244 '10' 245 >>> find_matching(['first line:10', 'second_line:20'], 'second line') 246 Traceback (most recent call last): 247 ... 248 ValueError: Test aborted 249 >>> find_matching('first line:10\', 'second_line:20'], 'second_line:') 250 '20' 251 >>> find_matching('first line:10\', 'second_line:20\nthird_line:30'], 252 'third_line:') 253 '30' 254 """ 255 __tracebackhide__ = True 256 for line in '\n'.join(text).splitlines(): 257 pos = line.find(match) 258 if pos != -1: 259 return line[:pos] + line[pos + len(match):] 260 261 pytest.fail("Expected '%s' but not found in output") 262 263 def check_equal(expected_fname, actual_fname, failure_msg): 264 """Check that a file matches its expected contents 265 266 Args: 267 expected_fname: Filename containing expected contents 268 actual_fname: Filename containing actual contents 269 failure_msg: Message to print on failure 270 """ 271 expected_data = read_file(expected_fname) 272 actual_data = read_file(actual_fname) 273 assert expected_data == actual_data, failure_msg 274 275 def check_not_equal(expected_fname, actual_fname, failure_msg): 276 """Check that a file does not match its expected contents 277 278 Args: 279 expected_fname: Filename containing expected contents 280 actual_fname: Filename containing actual contents 281 failure_msg: Message to print on failure 282 """ 283 expected_data = read_file(expected_fname) 284 actual_data = read_file(actual_fname) 285 assert expected_data != actual_data, failure_msg 286 287 def run_fit_test(mkimage): 288 """Basic sanity check of FIT loading in U-Boot 289 290 TODO: Almost everything: 291 - hash algorithms - invalid hash/contents should be detected 292 - signature algorithms - invalid sig/contents should be detected 293 - compression 294 - checking that errors are detected like: 295 - image overwriting 296 - missing images 297 - invalid configurations 298 - incorrect os/arch/type fields 299 - empty data 300 - images too large/small 301 - invalid FDT (e.g. putting a random binary in instead) 302 - default configuration selection 303 - bootm command line parameters should have desired effect 304 - run code coverage to make sure we are testing all the code 305 """ 306 # Set up invariant files 307 control_dtb = make_dtb() 308 kernel = make_kernel('test-kernel.bin', 'kernel') 309 ramdisk = make_ramdisk('test-ramdisk.bin', 'ramdisk') 310 loadables1 = make_kernel('test-loadables1.bin', 'lenrek') 311 loadables2 = make_ramdisk('test-loadables2.bin', 'ksidmar') 312 kernel_out = make_fname('kernel-out.bin') 313 fdt_out = make_fname('fdt-out.dtb') 314 ramdisk_out = make_fname('ramdisk-out.bin') 315 loadables1_out = make_fname('loadables1-out.bin') 316 loadables2_out = make_fname('loadables2-out.bin') 317 318 # Set up basic parameters with default values 319 params = { 320 'fit_addr' : 0x1000, 321 322 'kernel' : kernel, 323 'kernel_out' : kernel_out, 324 'kernel_addr' : 0x40000, 325 'kernel_size' : filesize(kernel), 326 327 'fdt_out' : fdt_out, 328 'fdt_addr' : 0x80000, 329 'fdt_size' : filesize(control_dtb), 330 'fdt_load' : '', 331 332 'ramdisk' : ramdisk, 333 'ramdisk_out' : ramdisk_out, 334 'ramdisk_addr' : 0xc0000, 335 'ramdisk_size' : filesize(ramdisk), 336 'ramdisk_load' : '', 337 'ramdisk_config' : '', 338 339 'loadables1' : loadables1, 340 'loadables1_out' : loadables1_out, 341 'loadables1_addr' : 0x100000, 342 'loadables1_size' : filesize(loadables1), 343 'loadables1_load' : '', 344 345 'loadables2' : loadables2, 346 'loadables2_out' : loadables2_out, 347 'loadables2_addr' : 0x140000, 348 'loadables2_size' : filesize(loadables2), 349 'loadables2_load' : '', 350 351 'loadables_config' : '', 352 } 353 354 # Make a basic FIT and a script to load it 355 fit = make_fit(mkimage, params) 356 params['fit'] = fit 357 cmd = base_script % params 358 359 # First check that we can load a kernel 360 # We could perhaps reduce duplication with some loss of readability 361 cons.config.dtb = control_dtb 362 cons.restart_uboot() 363 with cons.log.section('Kernel load'): 364 output = cons.run_command_list(cmd.splitlines()) 365 check_equal(kernel, kernel_out, 'Kernel not loaded') 366 check_not_equal(control_dtb, fdt_out, 367 'FDT loaded but should be ignored') 368 check_not_equal(ramdisk, ramdisk_out, 369 'Ramdisk loaded but should not be') 370 371 # Find out the offset in the FIT where U-Boot has found the FDT 372 line = find_matching(output, 'Booting using the fdt blob at ') 373 fit_offset = int(line, 16) - params['fit_addr'] 374 fdt_magic = struct.pack('>L', 0xd00dfeed) 375 data = read_file(fit) 376 377 # Now find where it actually is in the FIT (skip the first word) 378 real_fit_offset = data.find(fdt_magic, 4) 379 assert fit_offset == real_fit_offset, ( 380 'U-Boot loaded FDT from offset %#x, FDT is actually at %#x' % 381 (fit_offset, real_fit_offset)) 382 383 # Now a kernel and an FDT 384 with cons.log.section('Kernel + FDT load'): 385 params['fdt_load'] = 'load = <%#x>;' % params['fdt_addr'] 386 fit = make_fit(mkimage, params) 387 cons.restart_uboot() 388 output = cons.run_command_list(cmd.splitlines()) 389 check_equal(kernel, kernel_out, 'Kernel not loaded') 390 check_equal(control_dtb, fdt_out, 'FDT not loaded') 391 check_not_equal(ramdisk, ramdisk_out, 392 'Ramdisk loaded but should not be') 393 394 # Try a ramdisk 395 with cons.log.section('Kernel + FDT + Ramdisk load'): 396 params['ramdisk_config'] = 'ramdisk = "ramdisk@1";' 397 params['ramdisk_load'] = 'load = <%#x>;' % params['ramdisk_addr'] 398 fit = make_fit(mkimage, params) 399 cons.restart_uboot() 400 output = cons.run_command_list(cmd.splitlines()) 401 check_equal(ramdisk, ramdisk_out, 'Ramdisk not loaded') 402 403 # Configuration with some Loadables 404 with cons.log.section('Kernel + FDT + Ramdisk load + Loadables'): 405 params['loadables_config'] = 'loadables = "kernel@2", "ramdisk@2";' 406 params['loadables1_load'] = ('load = <%#x>;' % 407 params['loadables1_addr']) 408 params['loadables2_load'] = ('load = <%#x>;' % 409 params['loadables2_addr']) 410 fit = make_fit(mkimage, params) 411 cons.restart_uboot() 412 output = cons.run_command_list(cmd.splitlines()) 413 check_equal(loadables1, loadables1_out, 414 'Loadables1 (kernel) not loaded') 415 check_equal(loadables2, loadables2_out, 416 'Loadables2 (ramdisk) not loaded') 417 418 cons = u_boot_console 419 try: 420 # We need to use our own device tree file. Remember to restore it 421 # afterwards. 422 old_dtb = cons.config.dtb 423 mkimage = cons.config.build_dir + '/tools/mkimage' 424 run_fit_test(mkimage) 425 finally: 426 # Go back to the original U-Boot with the correct dtb. 427 cons.config.dtb = old_dtb 428 cons.restart_uboot() 429