xref: /openbmc/u-boot/lib/rsa/rsa-verify.c (revision 1a68faac)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2013, Google Inc.
4  */
5 
6 #ifndef USE_HOSTCC
7 #include <common.h>
8 #include <fdtdec.h>
9 #include <asm/types.h>
10 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
11 #include <linux/errno.h>
12 #include <asm/types.h>
13 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
14 #include <dm.h>
15 #else
16 #include "fdt_host.h"
17 #include "mkimage.h"
18 #include <fdt_support.h>
19 #endif
20 #include <u-boot/rsa-mod-exp.h>
21 #include <u-boot/rsa.h>
22 
23 /* Default public exponent for backward compatibility */
24 #define RSA_DEFAULT_PUBEXP	65537
25 
26 /**
27  * rsa_verify_padding() - Verify RSA message padding is valid
28  *
29  * Verify a RSA message's padding is consistent with PKCS1.5
30  * padding as described in the RSA PKCS#1 v2.1 standard.
31  *
32  * @msg:	Padded message
33  * @pad_len:	Number of expected padding bytes
34  * @algo:	Checksum algo structure having information on DER encoding etc.
35  * @return 0 on success, != 0 on failure
36  */
37 static int rsa_verify_padding(const uint8_t *msg, const int pad_len,
38 			      struct checksum_algo *algo)
39 {
40 	int ff_len;
41 	int ret;
42 
43 	/* first byte must be 0x00 */
44 	ret = *msg++;
45 	/* second byte must be 0x01 */
46 	ret |= *msg++ ^ 0x01;
47 	/* next ff_len bytes must be 0xff */
48 	ff_len = pad_len - algo->der_len - 3;
49 	ret |= *msg ^ 0xff;
50 	ret |= memcmp(msg, msg+1, ff_len-1);
51 	msg += ff_len;
52 	/* next byte must be 0x00 */
53 	ret |= *msg++;
54 	/* next der_len bytes must match der_prefix */
55 	ret |= memcmp(msg, algo->der_prefix, algo->der_len);
56 
57 	return ret;
58 }
59 
60 int padding_pkcs_15_verify(struct image_sign_info *info,
61 			   uint8_t *msg, int msg_len,
62 			   const uint8_t *hash, int hash_len)
63 {
64 	struct checksum_algo *checksum = info->checksum;
65 	int ret, pad_len = msg_len - checksum->checksum_len;
66 
67 	/* Check pkcs1.5 padding bytes. */
68 	ret = rsa_verify_padding(msg, pad_len, checksum);
69 	if (ret) {
70 		debug("In RSAVerify(): Padding check failed!\n");
71 		return -EINVAL;
72 	}
73 
74 	/* Check hash. */
75 	if (memcmp((uint8_t *)msg + pad_len, hash, msg_len - pad_len)) {
76 		debug("In RSAVerify(): Hash check failed!\n");
77 		return -EACCES;
78 	}
79 
80 	return 0;
81 }
82 
83 #ifdef CONFIG_FIT_ENABLE_RSASSA_PSS_SUPPORT
84 static void u32_i2osp(uint32_t val, uint8_t *buf)
85 {
86 	buf[0] = (uint8_t)((val >> 24) & 0xff);
87 	buf[1] = (uint8_t)((val >> 16) & 0xff);
88 	buf[2] = (uint8_t)((val >>  8) & 0xff);
89 	buf[3] = (uint8_t)((val >>  0) & 0xff);
90 }
91 
92 /**
93  * mask_generation_function1() - generate an octet string
94  *
95  * Generate an octet string used to check rsa signature.
96  * It use an input octet string and a hash function.
97  *
98  * @checksum:	A Hash function
99  * @seed:	Specifies an input variable octet string
100  * @seed_len:	Size of the input octet string
101  * @output:	Specifies the output octet string
102  * @output_len:	Size of the output octet string
103  * @return 0 if the octet string was correctly generated, others on error
104  */
105 static int mask_generation_function1(struct checksum_algo *checksum,
106 				     uint8_t *seed, int seed_len,
107 				     uint8_t *output, int output_len)
108 {
109 	struct image_region region[2];
110 	int ret = 0, i, i_output = 0, region_count = 2;
111 	uint32_t counter = 0;
112 	uint8_t buf_counter[4], *tmp;
113 	int hash_len = checksum->checksum_len;
114 
115 	memset(output, 0, output_len);
116 
117 	region[0].data = seed;
118 	region[0].size = seed_len;
119 	region[1].data = &buf_counter[0];
120 	region[1].size = 4;
121 
122 	tmp = malloc(hash_len);
123 	if (!tmp) {
124 		debug("%s: can't allocate array tmp\n", __func__);
125 		ret = -ENOMEM;
126 		goto out;
127 	}
128 
129 	while (i_output < output_len) {
130 		u32_i2osp(counter, &buf_counter[0]);
131 
132 		ret = checksum->calculate(checksum->name,
133 					  region, region_count,
134 					  tmp);
135 		if (ret < 0) {
136 			debug("%s: Error in checksum calculation\n", __func__);
137 			goto out;
138 		}
139 
140 		i = 0;
141 		while ((i_output < output_len) && (i < hash_len)) {
142 			output[i_output] = tmp[i];
143 			i_output++;
144 			i++;
145 		}
146 
147 		counter++;
148 	}
149 
150 out:
151 	free(tmp);
152 
153 	return ret;
154 }
155 
156 static int compute_hash_prime(struct checksum_algo *checksum,
157 			      uint8_t *pad, int pad_len,
158 			      uint8_t *hash, int hash_len,
159 			      uint8_t *salt, int salt_len,
160 			      uint8_t *hprime)
161 {
162 	struct image_region region[3];
163 	int ret, region_count = 3;
164 
165 	region[0].data = pad;
166 	region[0].size = pad_len;
167 	region[1].data = hash;
168 	region[1].size = hash_len;
169 	region[2].data = salt;
170 	region[2].size = salt_len;
171 
172 	ret = checksum->calculate(checksum->name, region, region_count, hprime);
173 	if (ret < 0) {
174 		debug("%s: Error in checksum calculation\n", __func__);
175 		goto out;
176 	}
177 
178 out:
179 	return ret;
180 }
181 
182 int padding_pss_verify(struct image_sign_info *info,
183 		       uint8_t *msg, int msg_len,
184 		       const uint8_t *hash, int hash_len)
185 {
186 	uint8_t *masked_db = NULL;
187 	int masked_db_len = msg_len - hash_len - 1;
188 	uint8_t *h = NULL, *hprime = NULL;
189 	int h_len = hash_len;
190 	uint8_t *db_mask = NULL;
191 	int db_mask_len = masked_db_len;
192 	uint8_t *db = NULL, *salt = NULL;
193 	int db_len = masked_db_len, salt_len = msg_len - hash_len - 2;
194 	uint8_t pad_zero[8] = { 0 };
195 	int ret, i, leftmost_bits = 1;
196 	uint8_t leftmost_mask;
197 	struct checksum_algo *checksum = info->checksum;
198 
199 	/* first, allocate everything */
200 	masked_db = malloc(masked_db_len);
201 	h = malloc(h_len);
202 	db_mask = malloc(db_mask_len);
203 	db = malloc(db_len);
204 	salt = malloc(salt_len);
205 	hprime = malloc(hash_len);
206 	if (!masked_db || !h || !db_mask || !db || !salt || !hprime) {
207 		printf("%s: can't allocate some buffer\n", __func__);
208 		ret = -ENOMEM;
209 		goto out;
210 	}
211 
212 	/* step 4: check if the last byte is 0xbc */
213 	if (msg[msg_len - 1] != 0xbc) {
214 		printf("%s: invalid pss padding (0xbc is missing)\n", __func__);
215 		ret = -EINVAL;
216 		goto out;
217 	}
218 
219 	/* step 5 */
220 	memcpy(masked_db, msg, masked_db_len);
221 	memcpy(h, msg + masked_db_len, h_len);
222 
223 	/* step 6 */
224 	leftmost_mask = (0xff >> (8 - leftmost_bits)) << (8 - leftmost_bits);
225 	if (masked_db[0] & leftmost_mask) {
226 		printf("%s: invalid pss padding ", __func__);
227 		printf("(leftmost bit of maskedDB not zero)\n");
228 		ret = -EINVAL;
229 		goto out;
230 	}
231 
232 	/* step 7 */
233 	mask_generation_function1(checksum, h, h_len, db_mask, db_mask_len);
234 
235 	/* step 8 */
236 	for (i = 0; i < db_len; i++)
237 		db[i] = masked_db[i] ^ db_mask[i];
238 
239 	/* step 9 */
240 	db[0] &= 0xff >> leftmost_bits;
241 
242 	/* step 10 */
243 	if (db[0] != 0x01) {
244 		printf("%s: invalid pss padding ", __func__);
245 		printf("(leftmost byte of db isn't 0x01)\n");
246 		ret = EINVAL;
247 		goto out;
248 	}
249 
250 	/* step 11 */
251 	memcpy(salt, &db[1], salt_len);
252 
253 	/* step 12 & 13 */
254 	compute_hash_prime(checksum, pad_zero, 8,
255 			   (uint8_t *)hash, hash_len,
256 			   salt, salt_len, hprime);
257 
258 	/* step 14 */
259 	ret = memcmp(h, hprime, hash_len);
260 
261 out:
262 	free(hprime);
263 	free(salt);
264 	free(db);
265 	free(db_mask);
266 	free(h);
267 	free(masked_db);
268 
269 	return ret;
270 }
271 #endif
272 
273 /**
274  * rsa_verify_key() - Verify a signature against some data using RSA Key
275  *
276  * Verify a RSA PKCS1.5 signature against an expected hash using
277  * the RSA Key properties in prop structure.
278  *
279  * @info:	Specifies key and FIT information
280  * @prop:	Specifies key
281  * @sig:	Signature
282  * @sig_len:	Number of bytes in signature
283  * @hash:	Pointer to the expected hash
284  * @key_len:	Number of bytes in rsa key
285  * @return 0 if verified, -ve on error
286  */
287 static int rsa_verify_key(struct image_sign_info *info,
288 			  struct key_prop *prop, const uint8_t *sig,
289 			  const uint32_t sig_len, const uint8_t *hash,
290 			  const uint32_t key_len)
291 {
292 	int ret;
293 #if !defined(USE_HOSTCC)
294 	struct udevice *mod_exp_dev;
295 #endif
296 	struct checksum_algo *checksum = info->checksum;
297 	struct padding_algo *padding = info->padding;
298 	int hash_len;
299 
300 	if (!prop || !sig || !hash || !checksum)
301 		return -EIO;
302 
303 	if (sig_len != (prop->num_bits / 8)) {
304 		debug("Signature is of incorrect length %d\n", sig_len);
305 		return -EINVAL;
306 	}
307 
308 	debug("Checksum algorithm: %s", checksum->name);
309 
310 	/* Sanity check for stack size */
311 	if (sig_len > RSA_MAX_SIG_BITS / 8) {
312 		debug("Signature length %u exceeds maximum %d\n", sig_len,
313 		      RSA_MAX_SIG_BITS / 8);
314 		return -EINVAL;
315 	}
316 
317 	uint8_t buf[sig_len];
318 	hash_len = checksum->checksum_len;
319 
320 #if !defined(USE_HOSTCC)
321 	ret = uclass_get_device(UCLASS_MOD_EXP, 0, &mod_exp_dev);
322 	if (ret) {
323 		printf("RSA: Can't find Modular Exp implementation\n");
324 		return -EINVAL;
325 	}
326 
327 	ret = rsa_mod_exp(mod_exp_dev, sig, sig_len, prop, buf);
328 #else
329 	ret = rsa_mod_exp_sw(sig, sig_len, prop, buf);
330 #endif
331 	if (ret) {
332 		debug("Error in Modular exponentation\n");
333 		return ret;
334 	}
335 
336 	ret = padding->verify(info, buf, key_len, hash, hash_len);
337 	if (ret) {
338 		debug("In RSAVerify(): padding check failed!\n");
339 		return ret;
340 	}
341 
342 	return 0;
343 }
344 
345 /**
346  * rsa_verify_with_keynode() - Verify a signature against some data using
347  * information in node with prperties of RSA Key like modulus, exponent etc.
348  *
349  * Parse sign-node and fill a key_prop structure with properties of the
350  * key.  Verify a RSA PKCS1.5 signature against an expected hash using
351  * the properties parsed
352  *
353  * @info:	Specifies key and FIT information
354  * @hash:	Pointer to the expected hash
355  * @sig:	Signature
356  * @sig_len:	Number of bytes in signature
357  * @node:	Node having the RSA Key properties
358  * @return 0 if verified, -ve on error
359  */
360 static int rsa_verify_with_keynode(struct image_sign_info *info,
361 				   const void *hash, uint8_t *sig,
362 				   uint sig_len, int node)
363 {
364 	const void *blob = info->fdt_blob;
365 	struct key_prop prop;
366 	int length;
367 	int ret = 0;
368 
369 	if (node < 0) {
370 		debug("%s: Skipping invalid node", __func__);
371 		return -EBADF;
372 	}
373 
374 	prop.num_bits = fdtdec_get_int(blob, node, "rsa,num-bits", 0);
375 
376 	prop.n0inv = fdtdec_get_int(blob, node, "rsa,n0-inverse", 0);
377 
378 	prop.public_exponent = fdt_getprop(blob, node, "rsa,exponent", &length);
379 	if (!prop.public_exponent || length < sizeof(uint64_t))
380 		prop.public_exponent = NULL;
381 
382 	prop.exp_len = sizeof(uint64_t);
383 
384 	prop.modulus = fdt_getprop(blob, node, "rsa,modulus", NULL);
385 
386 	prop.rr = fdt_getprop(blob, node, "rsa,r-squared", NULL);
387 
388 	if (!prop.num_bits || !prop.modulus) {
389 		debug("%s: Missing RSA key info", __func__);
390 		return -EFAULT;
391 	}
392 
393 	ret = rsa_verify_key(info, &prop, sig, sig_len, hash,
394 			     info->crypto->key_len);
395 
396 	return ret;
397 }
398 
399 int rsa_verify(struct image_sign_info *info,
400 	       const struct image_region region[], int region_count,
401 	       uint8_t *sig, uint sig_len)
402 {
403 	const void *blob = info->fdt_blob;
404 	/* Reserve memory for maximum checksum-length */
405 	uint8_t hash[info->crypto->key_len];
406 	int ndepth, noffset;
407 	int sig_node, node;
408 	char name[100];
409 	int ret;
410 
411 	/*
412 	 * Verify that the checksum-length does not exceed the
413 	 * rsa-signature-length
414 	 */
415 	if (info->checksum->checksum_len >
416 	    info->crypto->key_len) {
417 		debug("%s: invlaid checksum-algorithm %s for %s\n",
418 		      __func__, info->checksum->name, info->crypto->name);
419 		return -EINVAL;
420 	}
421 
422 	sig_node = fdt_subnode_offset(blob, 0, FIT_SIG_NODENAME);
423 	if (sig_node < 0) {
424 		debug("%s: No signature node found\n", __func__);
425 		return -ENOENT;
426 	}
427 
428 	/* Calculate checksum with checksum-algorithm */
429 	ret = info->checksum->calculate(info->checksum->name,
430 					region, region_count, hash);
431 	if (ret < 0) {
432 		debug("%s: Error in checksum calculation\n", __func__);
433 		return -EINVAL;
434 	}
435 
436 	/* See if we must use a particular key */
437 	if (info->required_keynode != -1) {
438 		ret = rsa_verify_with_keynode(info, hash, sig, sig_len,
439 			info->required_keynode);
440 		if (!ret)
441 			return ret;
442 	}
443 
444 	/* Look for a key that matches our hint */
445 	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "key-%s", info->keyname);
446 	node = fdt_subnode_offset(blob, sig_node, name);
447 	ret = rsa_verify_with_keynode(info, hash, sig, sig_len, node);
448 	if (!ret)
449 		return ret;
450 
451 	/* No luck, so try each of the keys in turn */
452 	for (ndepth = 0, noffset = fdt_next_node(info->fit, sig_node, &ndepth);
453 			(noffset >= 0) && (ndepth > 0);
454 			noffset = fdt_next_node(info->fit, noffset, &ndepth)) {
455 		if (ndepth == 1 && noffset != node) {
456 			ret = rsa_verify_with_keynode(info, hash, sig, sig_len,
457 						      noffset);
458 			if (!ret)
459 				break;
460 		}
461 	}
462 
463 	return ret;
464 }
465