xref: /openbmc/u-boot/lib/libavb/avb_slot_verify.c (revision 5396b2a9)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
4  */
5 
6 #include "avb_slot_verify.h"
7 #include "avb_chain_partition_descriptor.h"
8 #include "avb_cmdline.h"
9 #include "avb_footer.h"
10 #include "avb_hash_descriptor.h"
11 #include "avb_hashtree_descriptor.h"
12 #include "avb_kernel_cmdline_descriptor.h"
13 #include "avb_sha.h"
14 #include "avb_util.h"
15 #include "avb_vbmeta_image.h"
16 #include "avb_version.h"
17 
18 /* Maximum number of partitions that can be loaded with avb_slot_verify(). */
19 #define MAX_NUMBER_OF_LOADED_PARTITIONS 32
20 
21 /* Maximum number of vbmeta images that can be loaded with avb_slot_verify(). */
22 #define MAX_NUMBER_OF_VBMETA_IMAGES 32
23 
24 /* Maximum size of a vbmeta image - 64 KiB. */
25 #define VBMETA_MAX_SIZE (64 * 1024)
26 
27 /* Helper function to see if we should continue with verification in
28  * allow_verification_error=true mode if something goes wrong. See the
29  * comments for the avb_slot_verify() function for more information.
30  */
31 static inline bool result_should_continue(AvbSlotVerifyResult result) {
32   switch (result) {
33     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM:
34     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO:
35     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA:
36     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION:
37     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT:
38       return false;
39 
40     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK:
41     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_VERIFICATION:
42     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_ROLLBACK_INDEX:
43     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_PUBLIC_KEY_REJECTED:
44       return true;
45   }
46 
47   return false;
48 }
49 
50 static AvbSlotVerifyResult load_full_partition(AvbOps* ops,
51                                                const char* part_name,
52                                                uint64_t image_size,
53                                                uint8_t** out_image_buf,
54                                                bool* out_image_preloaded) {
55   size_t part_num_read;
56   AvbIOResult io_ret;
57 
58   /* Make sure that we do not overwrite existing data. */
59   avb_assert(*out_image_buf == NULL);
60   avb_assert(!*out_image_preloaded);
61 
62   /* We are going to implicitly cast image_size from uint64_t to size_t in the
63    * following code, so we need to make sure that the cast is safe. */
64   if (image_size != (size_t)(image_size)) {
65     avb_errorv(part_name, ": Partition size too large to load.\n", NULL);
66     return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
67   }
68 
69   /* Try use a preloaded one. */
70   if (ops->get_preloaded_partition != NULL) {
71     io_ret = ops->get_preloaded_partition(
72         ops, part_name, image_size, out_image_buf, &part_num_read);
73     if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_OOM) {
74       return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
75     } else if (io_ret != AVB_IO_RESULT_OK) {
76       avb_errorv(part_name, ": Error loading data from partition.\n", NULL);
77       return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
78     }
79 
80     if (*out_image_buf != NULL) {
81       if (part_num_read != image_size) {
82         avb_errorv(part_name, ": Read incorrect number of bytes.\n", NULL);
83         return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
84       }
85       *out_image_preloaded = true;
86     }
87   }
88 
89   /* Allocate and copy the partition. */
90   if (!*out_image_preloaded) {
91     *out_image_buf = avb_malloc(image_size);
92     if (*out_image_buf == NULL) {
93       return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
94     }
95 
96     io_ret = ops->read_from_partition(ops,
97                                       part_name,
98                                       0 /* offset */,
99                                       image_size,
100                                       *out_image_buf,
101                                       &part_num_read);
102     if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_OOM) {
103       return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
104     } else if (io_ret != AVB_IO_RESULT_OK) {
105       avb_errorv(part_name, ": Error loading data from partition.\n", NULL);
106       return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
107     }
108     if (part_num_read != image_size) {
109       avb_errorv(part_name, ": Read incorrect number of bytes.\n", NULL);
110       return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
111     }
112   }
113 
114   return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK;
115 }
116 
117 static AvbSlotVerifyResult read_persistent_digest(AvbOps* ops,
118                                                   const char* part_name,
119                                                   size_t expected_digest_size,
120                                                   uint8_t* out_digest) {
121   char* persistent_value_name = NULL;
122   AvbIOResult io_ret = AVB_IO_RESULT_OK;
123   size_t stored_digest_size = 0;
124 
125   if (ops->read_persistent_value == NULL) {
126     avb_errorv(part_name, ": Persistent values are not implemented.\n", NULL);
127     return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
128   }
129   persistent_value_name =
130       avb_strdupv(AVB_NPV_PERSISTENT_DIGEST_PREFIX, part_name, NULL);
131   if (persistent_value_name == NULL) {
132     return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
133   }
134   io_ret = ops->read_persistent_value(ops,
135                                       persistent_value_name,
136                                       expected_digest_size,
137                                       out_digest,
138                                       &stored_digest_size);
139   avb_free(persistent_value_name);
140   if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_OOM) {
141     return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
142   } else if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_NO_SUCH_VALUE) {
143     avb_errorv(part_name, ": Persistent digest does not exist.\n", NULL);
144     return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
145   } else if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE_SIZE ||
146              io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SPACE ||
147              expected_digest_size != stored_digest_size) {
148     avb_errorv(
149         part_name, ": Persistent digest is not of expected size.\n", NULL);
150     return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
151   } else if (io_ret != AVB_IO_RESULT_OK) {
152     avb_errorv(part_name, ": Error reading persistent digest.\n", NULL);
153     return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
154   }
155   return AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK;
156 }
157 
158 static AvbSlotVerifyResult load_and_verify_hash_partition(
159     AvbOps* ops,
160     const char* const* requested_partitions,
161     const char* ab_suffix,
162     bool allow_verification_error,
163     const AvbDescriptor* descriptor,
164     AvbSlotVerifyData* slot_data) {
165   AvbHashDescriptor hash_desc;
166   const uint8_t* desc_partition_name = NULL;
167   const uint8_t* desc_salt;
168   const uint8_t* desc_digest;
169   char part_name[AVB_PART_NAME_MAX_SIZE];
170   AvbSlotVerifyResult ret;
171   AvbIOResult io_ret;
172   uint8_t* image_buf = NULL;
173   bool image_preloaded = false;
174   uint8_t* digest;
175   size_t digest_len;
176   const char* found;
177   uint64_t image_size;
178   size_t expected_digest_len = 0;
179   uint8_t expected_digest_buf[AVB_SHA512_DIGEST_SIZE];
180   const uint8_t* expected_digest = NULL;
181 
182   if (!avb_hash_descriptor_validate_and_byteswap(
183           (const AvbHashDescriptor*)descriptor, &hash_desc)) {
184     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
185     goto out;
186   }
187 
188   desc_partition_name =
189       ((const uint8_t*)descriptor) + sizeof(AvbHashDescriptor);
190   desc_salt = desc_partition_name + hash_desc.partition_name_len;
191   desc_digest = desc_salt + hash_desc.salt_len;
192 
193   if (!avb_validate_utf8(desc_partition_name, hash_desc.partition_name_len)) {
194     avb_error("Partition name is not valid UTF-8.\n");
195     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
196     goto out;
197   }
198 
199   /* Don't bother loading or validating unless the partition was
200    * requested in the first place.
201    */
202   found = avb_strv_find_str(requested_partitions,
203                             (const char*)desc_partition_name,
204                             hash_desc.partition_name_len);
205   if (found == NULL) {
206     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK;
207     goto out;
208   }
209 
210   if ((hash_desc.flags & AVB_HASH_DESCRIPTOR_FLAGS_DO_NOT_USE_AB) != 0) {
211     /* No ab_suffix, just copy the partition name as is. */
212     if (hash_desc.partition_name_len >= AVB_PART_NAME_MAX_SIZE) {
213       avb_error("Partition name does not fit.\n");
214       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
215       goto out;
216     }
217     avb_memcpy(part_name, desc_partition_name, hash_desc.partition_name_len);
218     part_name[hash_desc.partition_name_len] = '\0';
219   } else if (hash_desc.digest_len == 0 && avb_strlen(ab_suffix) != 0) {
220     /* No ab_suffix allowed for partitions without a digest in the descriptor
221      * because these partitions hold data unique to this device and are not
222      * updated using an A/B scheme.
223      */
224     avb_error("Cannot use A/B with a persistent digest.\n");
225     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
226     goto out;
227   } else {
228     /* Add ab_suffix to the partition name. */
229     if (!avb_str_concat(part_name,
230                         sizeof part_name,
231                         (const char*)desc_partition_name,
232                         hash_desc.partition_name_len,
233                         ab_suffix,
234                         avb_strlen(ab_suffix))) {
235       avb_error("Partition name and suffix does not fit.\n");
236       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
237       goto out;
238     }
239   }
240 
241   /* If we're allowing verification errors then hash_desc.image_size
242    * may no longer match what's in the partition... so in this case
243    * just load the entire partition.
244    *
245    * For example, this can happen if a developer does 'fastboot flash
246    * boot /path/to/new/and/bigger/boot.img'. We want this to work
247    * since it's such a common workflow.
248    */
249   image_size = hash_desc.image_size;
250   if (allow_verification_error) {
251     if (ops->get_size_of_partition == NULL) {
252       avb_errorv(part_name,
253                  ": The get_size_of_partition() operation is "
254                  "not implemented so we may not load the entire partition. "
255                  "Please implement.",
256                  NULL);
257     } else {
258       io_ret = ops->get_size_of_partition(ops, part_name, &image_size);
259       if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_OOM) {
260         ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
261         goto out;
262       } else if (io_ret != AVB_IO_RESULT_OK) {
263         avb_errorv(part_name, ": Error determining partition size.\n", NULL);
264         ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
265         goto out;
266       }
267       avb_debugv(part_name, ": Loading entire partition.\n", NULL);
268     }
269   }
270 
271   ret = load_full_partition(
272       ops, part_name, image_size, &image_buf, &image_preloaded);
273   if (ret != AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK) {
274     goto out;
275   }
276 
277   if (avb_strcmp((const char*)hash_desc.hash_algorithm, "sha256") == 0) {
278     AvbSHA256Ctx sha256_ctx;
279     avb_sha256_init(&sha256_ctx);
280     avb_sha256_update(&sha256_ctx, desc_salt, hash_desc.salt_len);
281     avb_sha256_update(&sha256_ctx, image_buf, hash_desc.image_size);
282     digest = avb_sha256_final(&sha256_ctx);
283     digest_len = AVB_SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE;
284   } else if (avb_strcmp((const char*)hash_desc.hash_algorithm, "sha512") == 0) {
285     AvbSHA512Ctx sha512_ctx;
286     avb_sha512_init(&sha512_ctx);
287     avb_sha512_update(&sha512_ctx, desc_salt, hash_desc.salt_len);
288     avb_sha512_update(&sha512_ctx, image_buf, hash_desc.image_size);
289     digest = avb_sha512_final(&sha512_ctx);
290     digest_len = AVB_SHA512_DIGEST_SIZE;
291   } else {
292     avb_errorv(part_name, ": Unsupported hash algorithm.\n", NULL);
293     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
294     goto out;
295   }
296 
297   if (hash_desc.digest_len == 0) {
298     // Expect a match to a persistent digest.
299     avb_debugv(part_name, ": No digest, using persistent digest.\n", NULL);
300     expected_digest_len = digest_len;
301     expected_digest = expected_digest_buf;
302     avb_assert(expected_digest_len <= sizeof(expected_digest_buf));
303     ret =
304         read_persistent_digest(ops, part_name, digest_len, expected_digest_buf);
305     if (ret != AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK) {
306       goto out;
307     }
308   } else {
309     // Expect a match to the digest in the descriptor.
310     expected_digest_len = hash_desc.digest_len;
311     expected_digest = desc_digest;
312   }
313 
314   if (digest_len != expected_digest_len) {
315     avb_errorv(
316         part_name, ": Digest in descriptor not of expected size.\n", NULL);
317     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
318     goto out;
319   }
320 
321   if (avb_safe_memcmp(digest, expected_digest, digest_len) != 0) {
322     avb_errorv(part_name,
323                ": Hash of data does not match digest in descriptor.\n",
324                NULL);
325     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_VERIFICATION;
326     goto out;
327   }
328 
329   ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK;
330 
331 out:
332 
333   /* If it worked and something was loaded, copy to slot_data. */
334   if ((ret == AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK || result_should_continue(ret)) &&
335       image_buf != NULL) {
336     AvbPartitionData* loaded_partition;
337     if (slot_data->num_loaded_partitions == MAX_NUMBER_OF_LOADED_PARTITIONS) {
338       avb_errorv(part_name, ": Too many loaded partitions.\n", NULL);
339       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
340       goto fail;
341     }
342     loaded_partition =
343         &slot_data->loaded_partitions[slot_data->num_loaded_partitions++];
344     loaded_partition->partition_name = avb_strdup(found);
345     loaded_partition->data_size = image_size;
346     loaded_partition->data = image_buf;
347     loaded_partition->preloaded = image_preloaded;
348     image_buf = NULL;
349   }
350 
351 fail:
352   if (image_buf != NULL && !image_preloaded) {
353     avb_free(image_buf);
354   }
355   return ret;
356 }
357 
358 static AvbSlotVerifyResult load_requested_partitions(
359     AvbOps* ops,
360     const char* const* requested_partitions,
361     const char* ab_suffix,
362     AvbSlotVerifyData* slot_data) {
363   AvbSlotVerifyResult ret;
364   uint8_t* image_buf = NULL;
365   bool image_preloaded = false;
366   size_t n;
367 
368   if (ops->get_size_of_partition == NULL) {
369     avb_error("get_size_of_partition() not implemented.\n");
370     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
371     goto out;
372   }
373 
374   for (n = 0; requested_partitions[n] != NULL; n++) {
375     char part_name[AVB_PART_NAME_MAX_SIZE];
376     AvbIOResult io_ret;
377     uint64_t image_size;
378     AvbPartitionData* loaded_partition;
379 
380     if (!avb_str_concat(part_name,
381                         sizeof part_name,
382                         requested_partitions[n],
383                         avb_strlen(requested_partitions[n]),
384                         ab_suffix,
385                         avb_strlen(ab_suffix))) {
386       avb_error("Partition name and suffix does not fit.\n");
387       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
388       goto out;
389     }
390 
391     io_ret = ops->get_size_of_partition(ops, part_name, &image_size);
392     if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_OOM) {
393       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
394       goto out;
395     } else if (io_ret != AVB_IO_RESULT_OK) {
396       avb_errorv(part_name, ": Error determining partition size.\n", NULL);
397       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
398       goto out;
399     }
400     avb_debugv(part_name, ": Loading entire partition.\n", NULL);
401 
402     ret = load_full_partition(
403         ops, part_name, image_size, &image_buf, &image_preloaded);
404     if (ret != AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK) {
405       goto out;
406     }
407 
408     /* Move to slot_data. */
409     if (slot_data->num_loaded_partitions == MAX_NUMBER_OF_LOADED_PARTITIONS) {
410       avb_errorv(part_name, ": Too many loaded partitions.\n", NULL);
411       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
412       goto out;
413     }
414     loaded_partition =
415         &slot_data->loaded_partitions[slot_data->num_loaded_partitions++];
416     loaded_partition->partition_name = avb_strdup(requested_partitions[n]);
417     if (loaded_partition->partition_name == NULL) {
418       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
419       goto out;
420     }
421     loaded_partition->data_size = image_size;
422     loaded_partition->data = image_buf; /* Transferring the owner. */
423     loaded_partition->preloaded = image_preloaded;
424     image_buf = NULL;
425     image_preloaded = false;
426   }
427 
428   ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK;
429 
430 out:
431   /* Free the current buffer if any. */
432   if (image_buf != NULL && !image_preloaded) {
433     avb_free(image_buf);
434   }
435   /* Buffers that are already saved in slot_data will be handled by the caller
436    * even on failure. */
437   return ret;
438 }
439 
440 static AvbSlotVerifyResult load_and_verify_vbmeta(
441     AvbOps* ops,
442     const char* const* requested_partitions,
443     const char* ab_suffix,
444     bool allow_verification_error,
445     AvbVBMetaImageFlags toplevel_vbmeta_flags,
446     int rollback_index_location,
447     const char* partition_name,
448     size_t partition_name_len,
449     const uint8_t* expected_public_key,
450     size_t expected_public_key_length,
451     AvbSlotVerifyData* slot_data,
452     AvbAlgorithmType* out_algorithm_type,
453     AvbCmdlineSubstList* out_additional_cmdline_subst) {
454   char full_partition_name[AVB_PART_NAME_MAX_SIZE];
455   AvbSlotVerifyResult ret;
456   AvbIOResult io_ret;
457   size_t vbmeta_offset;
458   size_t vbmeta_size;
459   uint8_t* vbmeta_buf = NULL;
460   size_t vbmeta_num_read;
461   AvbVBMetaVerifyResult vbmeta_ret;
462   const uint8_t* pk_data;
463   size_t pk_len;
464   AvbVBMetaImageHeader vbmeta_header;
465   uint64_t stored_rollback_index;
466   const AvbDescriptor** descriptors = NULL;
467   size_t num_descriptors;
468   size_t n;
469   bool is_main_vbmeta;
470   bool is_vbmeta_partition;
471   AvbVBMetaData* vbmeta_image_data = NULL;
472 
473   ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK;
474 
475   avb_assert(slot_data != NULL);
476 
477   /* Since we allow top-level vbmeta in 'boot', use
478    * rollback_index_location to determine whether we're the main
479    * vbmeta struct.
480    */
481   is_main_vbmeta = (rollback_index_location == 0);
482   is_vbmeta_partition = (avb_strcmp(partition_name, "vbmeta") == 0);
483 
484   if (!avb_validate_utf8((const uint8_t*)partition_name, partition_name_len)) {
485     avb_error("Partition name is not valid UTF-8.\n");
486     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
487     goto out;
488   }
489 
490   /* Construct full partition name. */
491   if (!avb_str_concat(full_partition_name,
492                       sizeof full_partition_name,
493                       partition_name,
494                       partition_name_len,
495                       ab_suffix,
496                       avb_strlen(ab_suffix))) {
497     avb_error("Partition name and suffix does not fit.\n");
498     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
499     goto out;
500   }
501 
502   avb_debugv("Loading vbmeta struct from partition '",
503              full_partition_name,
504              "'.\n",
505              NULL);
506 
507   /* If we're loading from the main vbmeta partition, the vbmeta
508    * struct is in the beginning. Otherwise we have to locate it via a
509    * footer.
510    */
511   if (is_vbmeta_partition) {
512     vbmeta_offset = 0;
513     vbmeta_size = VBMETA_MAX_SIZE;
514   } else {
515     uint8_t footer_buf[AVB_FOOTER_SIZE];
516     size_t footer_num_read;
517     AvbFooter footer;
518 
519     io_ret = ops->read_from_partition(ops,
520                                       full_partition_name,
521                                       -AVB_FOOTER_SIZE,
522                                       AVB_FOOTER_SIZE,
523                                       footer_buf,
524                                       &footer_num_read);
525     if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_OOM) {
526       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
527       goto out;
528     } else if (io_ret != AVB_IO_RESULT_OK) {
529       avb_errorv(full_partition_name, ": Error loading footer.\n", NULL);
530       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
531       goto out;
532     }
533     avb_assert(footer_num_read == AVB_FOOTER_SIZE);
534 
535     if (!avb_footer_validate_and_byteswap((const AvbFooter*)footer_buf,
536                                           &footer)) {
537       avb_errorv(full_partition_name, ": Error validating footer.\n", NULL);
538       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
539       goto out;
540     }
541 
542     /* Basic footer sanity check since the data is untrusted. */
543     if (footer.vbmeta_size > VBMETA_MAX_SIZE) {
544       avb_errorv(
545           full_partition_name, ": Invalid vbmeta size in footer.\n", NULL);
546       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
547       goto out;
548     }
549 
550     vbmeta_offset = footer.vbmeta_offset;
551     vbmeta_size = footer.vbmeta_size;
552   }
553 
554   vbmeta_buf = avb_malloc(vbmeta_size);
555   if (vbmeta_buf == NULL) {
556     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
557     goto out;
558   }
559 
560   io_ret = ops->read_from_partition(ops,
561                                     full_partition_name,
562                                     vbmeta_offset,
563                                     vbmeta_size,
564                                     vbmeta_buf,
565                                     &vbmeta_num_read);
566   if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_OOM) {
567     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
568     goto out;
569   } else if (io_ret != AVB_IO_RESULT_OK) {
570     /* If we're looking for 'vbmeta' but there is no such partition,
571      * go try to get it from the boot partition instead.
572      */
573     if (is_main_vbmeta && io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_NO_SUCH_PARTITION &&
574         is_vbmeta_partition) {
575       avb_debugv(full_partition_name,
576                  ": No such partition. Trying 'boot' instead.\n",
577                  NULL);
578       ret = load_and_verify_vbmeta(ops,
579                                    requested_partitions,
580                                    ab_suffix,
581                                    allow_verification_error,
582                                    0 /* toplevel_vbmeta_flags */,
583                                    0 /* rollback_index_location */,
584                                    "boot",
585                                    avb_strlen("boot"),
586                                    NULL /* expected_public_key */,
587                                    0 /* expected_public_key_length */,
588                                    slot_data,
589                                    out_algorithm_type,
590                                    out_additional_cmdline_subst);
591       goto out;
592     } else {
593       avb_errorv(full_partition_name, ": Error loading vbmeta data.\n", NULL);
594       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
595       goto out;
596     }
597   }
598   avb_assert(vbmeta_num_read <= vbmeta_size);
599 
600   /* Check if the image is properly signed and get the public key used
601    * to sign the image.
602    */
603   vbmeta_ret =
604       avb_vbmeta_image_verify(vbmeta_buf, vbmeta_num_read, &pk_data, &pk_len);
605   switch (vbmeta_ret) {
606     case AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_OK:
607       avb_assert(pk_data != NULL && pk_len > 0);
608       break;
609 
610     case AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_OK_NOT_SIGNED:
611     case AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_HASH_MISMATCH:
612     case AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_SIGNATURE_MISMATCH:
613       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_VERIFICATION;
614       avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
615                  ": Error verifying vbmeta image: ",
616                  avb_vbmeta_verify_result_to_string(vbmeta_ret),
617                  "\n",
618                  NULL);
619       if (!allow_verification_error) {
620         goto out;
621       }
622       break;
623 
624     case AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_INVALID_VBMETA_HEADER:
625       /* No way to continue this case. */
626       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
627       avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
628                  ": Error verifying vbmeta image: invalid vbmeta header\n",
629                  NULL);
630       goto out;
631 
632     case AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION:
633       /* No way to continue this case. */
634       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION;
635       avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
636                  ": Error verifying vbmeta image: unsupported AVB version\n",
637                  NULL);
638       goto out;
639   }
640 
641   /* Byteswap the header. */
642   avb_vbmeta_image_header_to_host_byte_order((AvbVBMetaImageHeader*)vbmeta_buf,
643                                              &vbmeta_header);
644 
645   /* If we're the toplevel, assign flags so they'll be passed down. */
646   if (is_main_vbmeta) {
647     toplevel_vbmeta_flags = (AvbVBMetaImageFlags)vbmeta_header.flags;
648   } else {
649     if (vbmeta_header.flags != 0) {
650       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
651       avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
652                  ": chained vbmeta image has non-zero flags\n",
653                  NULL);
654       goto out;
655     }
656   }
657 
658   /* Check if key used to make signature matches what is expected. */
659   if (pk_data != NULL) {
660     if (expected_public_key != NULL) {
661       avb_assert(!is_main_vbmeta);
662       if (expected_public_key_length != pk_len ||
663           avb_safe_memcmp(expected_public_key, pk_data, pk_len) != 0) {
664         avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
665                    ": Public key used to sign data does not match key in chain "
666                    "partition descriptor.\n",
667                    NULL);
668         ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_PUBLIC_KEY_REJECTED;
669         if (!allow_verification_error) {
670           goto out;
671         }
672       }
673     } else {
674       bool key_is_trusted = false;
675       const uint8_t* pk_metadata = NULL;
676       size_t pk_metadata_len = 0;
677 
678       if (vbmeta_header.public_key_metadata_size > 0) {
679         pk_metadata = vbmeta_buf + sizeof(AvbVBMetaImageHeader) +
680                       vbmeta_header.authentication_data_block_size +
681                       vbmeta_header.public_key_metadata_offset;
682         pk_metadata_len = vbmeta_header.public_key_metadata_size;
683       }
684 
685       avb_assert(is_main_vbmeta);
686       io_ret = ops->validate_vbmeta_public_key(
687           ops, pk_data, pk_len, pk_metadata, pk_metadata_len, &key_is_trusted);
688       if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_OOM) {
689         ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
690         goto out;
691       } else if (io_ret != AVB_IO_RESULT_OK) {
692         avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
693                    ": Error while checking public key used to sign data.\n",
694                    NULL);
695         ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
696         goto out;
697       }
698       if (!key_is_trusted) {
699         avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
700                    ": Public key used to sign data rejected.\n",
701                    NULL);
702         ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_PUBLIC_KEY_REJECTED;
703         if (!allow_verification_error) {
704           goto out;
705         }
706       }
707     }
708   }
709 
710   /* Check rollback index. */
711   io_ret = ops->read_rollback_index(
712       ops, rollback_index_location, &stored_rollback_index);
713   if (io_ret == AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_OOM) {
714     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
715     goto out;
716   } else if (io_ret != AVB_IO_RESULT_OK) {
717     avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
718                ": Error getting rollback index for location.\n",
719                NULL);
720     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
721     goto out;
722   }
723   if (vbmeta_header.rollback_index < stored_rollback_index) {
724     avb_errorv(
725         full_partition_name,
726         ": Image rollback index is less than the stored rollback index.\n",
727         NULL);
728     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_ROLLBACK_INDEX;
729     if (!allow_verification_error) {
730       goto out;
731     }
732   }
733 
734   /* Copy vbmeta to vbmeta_images before recursing. */
735   if (is_main_vbmeta) {
736     avb_assert(slot_data->num_vbmeta_images == 0);
737   } else {
738     avb_assert(slot_data->num_vbmeta_images > 0);
739   }
740   if (slot_data->num_vbmeta_images == MAX_NUMBER_OF_VBMETA_IMAGES) {
741     avb_errorv(full_partition_name, ": Too many vbmeta images.\n", NULL);
742     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
743     goto out;
744   }
745   vbmeta_image_data = &slot_data->vbmeta_images[slot_data->num_vbmeta_images++];
746   vbmeta_image_data->partition_name = avb_strdup(partition_name);
747   vbmeta_image_data->vbmeta_data = vbmeta_buf;
748   /* Note that |vbmeta_buf| is actually |vbmeta_num_read| bytes long
749    * and this includes data past the end of the image. Pass the
750    * actual size of the vbmeta image. Also, no need to use
751    * avb_safe_add() since the header has already been verified.
752    */
753   vbmeta_image_data->vbmeta_size =
754       sizeof(AvbVBMetaImageHeader) +
755       vbmeta_header.authentication_data_block_size +
756       vbmeta_header.auxiliary_data_block_size;
757   vbmeta_image_data->verify_result = vbmeta_ret;
758 
759   /* If verification has been disabled by setting a bit in the image,
760    * we're done... except that we need to load the entirety of the
761    * requested partitions.
762    */
763   if (vbmeta_header.flags & AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_FLAGS_VERIFICATION_DISABLED) {
764     AvbSlotVerifyResult sub_ret;
765     avb_debugv(
766         full_partition_name, ": VERIFICATION_DISABLED bit is set.\n", NULL);
767     /* If load_requested_partitions() fail it is always a fatal
768      * failure (e.g. ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT, ERROR_OOM, etc.) rather
769      * than recoverable (e.g. one where result_should_continue()
770      * returns true) and we want to convey that error.
771      */
772     sub_ret = load_requested_partitions(
773         ops, requested_partitions, ab_suffix, slot_data);
774     if (sub_ret != AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK) {
775       ret = sub_ret;
776     }
777     goto out;
778   }
779 
780   /* Now go through all descriptors and take the appropriate action:
781    *
782    * - hash descriptor: Load data from partition, calculate hash, and
783    *   checks that it matches what's in the hash descriptor.
784    *
785    * - hashtree descriptor: Do nothing since verification happens
786    *   on-the-fly from within the OS. (Unless the descriptor uses a
787    *   persistent digest, in which case we need to find it).
788    *
789    * - chained partition descriptor: Load the footer, load the vbmeta
790    *   image, verify vbmeta image (includes rollback checks, hash
791    *   checks, bail on chained partitions).
792    */
793   descriptors =
794       avb_descriptor_get_all(vbmeta_buf, vbmeta_num_read, &num_descriptors);
795   for (n = 0; n < num_descriptors; n++) {
796     AvbDescriptor desc;
797 
798     if (!avb_descriptor_validate_and_byteswap(descriptors[n], &desc)) {
799       avb_errorv(full_partition_name, ": Descriptor is invalid.\n", NULL);
800       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
801       goto out;
802     }
803 
804     switch (desc.tag) {
805       case AVB_DESCRIPTOR_TAG_HASH: {
806         AvbSlotVerifyResult sub_ret;
807         sub_ret = load_and_verify_hash_partition(ops,
808                                                  requested_partitions,
809                                                  ab_suffix,
810                                                  allow_verification_error,
811                                                  descriptors[n],
812                                                  slot_data);
813         if (sub_ret != AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK) {
814           ret = sub_ret;
815           if (!allow_verification_error || !result_should_continue(ret)) {
816             goto out;
817           }
818         }
819       } break;
820 
821       case AVB_DESCRIPTOR_TAG_CHAIN_PARTITION: {
822         AvbSlotVerifyResult sub_ret;
823         AvbChainPartitionDescriptor chain_desc;
824         const uint8_t* chain_partition_name;
825         const uint8_t* chain_public_key;
826 
827         /* Only allow CHAIN_PARTITION descriptors in the main vbmeta image. */
828         if (!is_main_vbmeta) {
829           avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
830                      ": Encountered chain descriptor not in main image.\n",
831                      NULL);
832           ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
833           goto out;
834         }
835 
836         if (!avb_chain_partition_descriptor_validate_and_byteswap(
837                 (AvbChainPartitionDescriptor*)descriptors[n], &chain_desc)) {
838           avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
839                      ": Chain partition descriptor is invalid.\n",
840                      NULL);
841           ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
842           goto out;
843         }
844 
845         if (chain_desc.rollback_index_location == 0) {
846           avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
847                      ": Chain partition has invalid "
848                      "rollback_index_location field.\n",
849                      NULL);
850           ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
851           goto out;
852         }
853 
854         chain_partition_name = ((const uint8_t*)descriptors[n]) +
855                                sizeof(AvbChainPartitionDescriptor);
856         chain_public_key = chain_partition_name + chain_desc.partition_name_len;
857 
858         sub_ret =
859             load_and_verify_vbmeta(ops,
860                                    requested_partitions,
861                                    ab_suffix,
862                                    allow_verification_error,
863                                    toplevel_vbmeta_flags,
864                                    chain_desc.rollback_index_location,
865                                    (const char*)chain_partition_name,
866                                    chain_desc.partition_name_len,
867                                    chain_public_key,
868                                    chain_desc.public_key_len,
869                                    slot_data,
870                                    NULL, /* out_algorithm_type */
871                                    NULL /* out_additional_cmdline_subst */);
872         if (sub_ret != AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK) {
873           ret = sub_ret;
874           if (!result_should_continue(ret)) {
875             goto out;
876           }
877         }
878       } break;
879 
880       case AVB_DESCRIPTOR_TAG_KERNEL_CMDLINE: {
881         const uint8_t* kernel_cmdline;
882         AvbKernelCmdlineDescriptor kernel_cmdline_desc;
883         bool apply_cmdline;
884 
885         if (!avb_kernel_cmdline_descriptor_validate_and_byteswap(
886                 (AvbKernelCmdlineDescriptor*)descriptors[n],
887                 &kernel_cmdline_desc)) {
888           avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
889                      ": Kernel cmdline descriptor is invalid.\n",
890                      NULL);
891           ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
892           goto out;
893         }
894 
895         kernel_cmdline = ((const uint8_t*)descriptors[n]) +
896                          sizeof(AvbKernelCmdlineDescriptor);
897 
898         if (!avb_validate_utf8(kernel_cmdline,
899                                kernel_cmdline_desc.kernel_cmdline_length)) {
900           avb_errorv(full_partition_name,
901                      ": Kernel cmdline is not valid UTF-8.\n",
902                      NULL);
903           ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
904           goto out;
905         }
906 
907         /* Compare the flags for top-level VBMeta struct with flags in
908          * the command-line descriptor so command-line snippets only
909          * intended for a certain mode (dm-verity enabled/disabled)
910          * are skipped if applicable.
911          */
912         apply_cmdline = true;
913         if (toplevel_vbmeta_flags & AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_FLAGS_HASHTREE_DISABLED) {
914           if (kernel_cmdline_desc.flags &
915               AVB_KERNEL_CMDLINE_FLAGS_USE_ONLY_IF_HASHTREE_NOT_DISABLED) {
916             apply_cmdline = false;
917           }
918         } else {
919           if (kernel_cmdline_desc.flags &
920               AVB_KERNEL_CMDLINE_FLAGS_USE_ONLY_IF_HASHTREE_DISABLED) {
921             apply_cmdline = false;
922           }
923         }
924 
925         if (apply_cmdline) {
926           if (slot_data->cmdline == NULL) {
927             slot_data->cmdline =
928                 avb_calloc(kernel_cmdline_desc.kernel_cmdline_length + 1);
929             if (slot_data->cmdline == NULL) {
930               ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
931               goto out;
932             }
933             avb_memcpy(slot_data->cmdline,
934                        kernel_cmdline,
935                        kernel_cmdline_desc.kernel_cmdline_length);
936           } else {
937             /* new cmdline is: <existing_cmdline> + ' ' + <newcmdline> + '\0' */
938             size_t orig_size = avb_strlen(slot_data->cmdline);
939             size_t new_size =
940                 orig_size + 1 + kernel_cmdline_desc.kernel_cmdline_length + 1;
941             char* new_cmdline = avb_calloc(new_size);
942             if (new_cmdline == NULL) {
943               ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
944               goto out;
945             }
946             avb_memcpy(new_cmdline, slot_data->cmdline, orig_size);
947             new_cmdline[orig_size] = ' ';
948             avb_memcpy(new_cmdline + orig_size + 1,
949                        kernel_cmdline,
950                        kernel_cmdline_desc.kernel_cmdline_length);
951             avb_free(slot_data->cmdline);
952             slot_data->cmdline = new_cmdline;
953           }
954         }
955       } break;
956 
957       case AVB_DESCRIPTOR_TAG_HASHTREE: {
958         AvbHashtreeDescriptor hashtree_desc;
959 
960         if (!avb_hashtree_descriptor_validate_and_byteswap(
961                 (AvbHashtreeDescriptor*)descriptors[n], &hashtree_desc)) {
962           avb_errorv(
963               full_partition_name, ": Hashtree descriptor is invalid.\n", NULL);
964           ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
965           goto out;
966         }
967 
968         /* We only need to continue when there is no digest in the descriptor.
969          * This is because the only processing here is to find the digest and
970          * make it available on the kernel command line.
971          */
972         if (hashtree_desc.root_digest_len == 0) {
973           char part_name[AVB_PART_NAME_MAX_SIZE];
974           size_t digest_len = 0;
975           uint8_t digest_buf[AVB_SHA512_DIGEST_SIZE];
976           const uint8_t* desc_partition_name =
977               ((const uint8_t*)descriptors[n]) + sizeof(AvbHashtreeDescriptor);
978 
979           if (!avb_validate_utf8(desc_partition_name,
980                                  hashtree_desc.partition_name_len)) {
981             avb_error("Partition name is not valid UTF-8.\n");
982             ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
983             goto out;
984           }
985 
986           /* No ab_suffix for partitions without a digest in the descriptor
987            * because these partitions hold data unique to this device and are
988            * not updated using an A/B scheme.
989            */
990           if ((hashtree_desc.flags &
991                AVB_HASHTREE_DESCRIPTOR_FLAGS_DO_NOT_USE_AB) == 0 &&
992               avb_strlen(ab_suffix) != 0) {
993             avb_error("Cannot use A/B with a persistent root digest.\n");
994             ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
995             goto out;
996           }
997           if (hashtree_desc.partition_name_len >= AVB_PART_NAME_MAX_SIZE) {
998             avb_error("Partition name does not fit.\n");
999             ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
1000             goto out;
1001           }
1002           avb_memcpy(
1003               part_name, desc_partition_name, hashtree_desc.partition_name_len);
1004           part_name[hashtree_desc.partition_name_len] = '\0';
1005 
1006           /* Determine the expected digest size from the hash algorithm. */
1007           if (avb_strcmp((const char*)hashtree_desc.hash_algorithm, "sha1") ==
1008               0) {
1009             digest_len = AVB_SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE;
1010           } else if (avb_strcmp((const char*)hashtree_desc.hash_algorithm,
1011                                 "sha256") == 0) {
1012             digest_len = AVB_SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE;
1013           } else if (avb_strcmp((const char*)hashtree_desc.hash_algorithm,
1014                                 "sha512") == 0) {
1015             digest_len = AVB_SHA512_DIGEST_SIZE;
1016           } else {
1017             avb_errorv(part_name, ": Unsupported hash algorithm.\n", NULL);
1018             ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
1019             goto out;
1020           }
1021 
1022           ret = read_persistent_digest(ops, part_name, digest_len, digest_buf);
1023           if (ret != AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK) {
1024             goto out;
1025           }
1026 
1027           if (out_additional_cmdline_subst) {
1028             ret =
1029                 avb_add_root_digest_substitution(part_name,
1030                                                  digest_buf,
1031                                                  digest_len,
1032                                                  out_additional_cmdline_subst);
1033             if (ret != AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK) {
1034               goto out;
1035             }
1036           }
1037         }
1038       } break;
1039 
1040       case AVB_DESCRIPTOR_TAG_PROPERTY:
1041         /* Do nothing. */
1042         break;
1043     }
1044   }
1045 
1046   if (rollback_index_location >= AVB_MAX_NUMBER_OF_ROLLBACK_INDEX_LOCATIONS) {
1047     avb_errorv(
1048         full_partition_name, ": Invalid rollback_index_location.\n", NULL);
1049     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA;
1050     goto out;
1051   }
1052 
1053   slot_data->rollback_indexes[rollback_index_location] =
1054       vbmeta_header.rollback_index;
1055 
1056   if (out_algorithm_type != NULL) {
1057     *out_algorithm_type = (AvbAlgorithmType)vbmeta_header.algorithm_type;
1058   }
1059 
1060 out:
1061   /* If |vbmeta_image_data| isn't NULL it means that it adopted
1062    * |vbmeta_buf| so in that case don't free it here.
1063    */
1064   if (vbmeta_image_data == NULL) {
1065     if (vbmeta_buf != NULL) {
1066       avb_free(vbmeta_buf);
1067     }
1068   }
1069   if (descriptors != NULL) {
1070     avb_free(descriptors);
1071   }
1072   return ret;
1073 }
1074 
1075 AvbSlotVerifyResult avb_slot_verify(AvbOps* ops,
1076                                     const char* const* requested_partitions,
1077                                     const char* ab_suffix,
1078                                     AvbSlotVerifyFlags flags,
1079                                     AvbHashtreeErrorMode hashtree_error_mode,
1080                                     AvbSlotVerifyData** out_data) {
1081   AvbSlotVerifyResult ret;
1082   AvbSlotVerifyData* slot_data = NULL;
1083   AvbAlgorithmType algorithm_type = AVB_ALGORITHM_TYPE_NONE;
1084   bool using_boot_for_vbmeta = false;
1085   AvbVBMetaImageHeader toplevel_vbmeta;
1086   bool allow_verification_error =
1087       (flags & AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_FLAGS_ALLOW_VERIFICATION_ERROR);
1088   AvbCmdlineSubstList* additional_cmdline_subst = NULL;
1089 
1090   /* Fail early if we're missing the AvbOps needed for slot verification.
1091    *
1092    * For now, handle get_size_of_partition() not being implemented. In
1093    * a later release we may change that.
1094    */
1095   avb_assert(ops->read_is_device_unlocked != NULL);
1096   avb_assert(ops->read_from_partition != NULL);
1097   avb_assert(ops->validate_vbmeta_public_key != NULL);
1098   avb_assert(ops->read_rollback_index != NULL);
1099   avb_assert(ops->get_unique_guid_for_partition != NULL);
1100 
1101   if (out_data != NULL) {
1102     *out_data = NULL;
1103   }
1104 
1105   /* Allowing dm-verity errors defeats the purpose of verified boot so
1106    * only allow this if set up to allow verification errors
1107    * (e.g. typically only UNLOCKED mode).
1108    */
1109   if (hashtree_error_mode == AVB_HASHTREE_ERROR_MODE_LOGGING &&
1110       !allow_verification_error) {
1111     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1112     goto fail;
1113   }
1114 
1115   slot_data = avb_calloc(sizeof(AvbSlotVerifyData));
1116   if (slot_data == NULL) {
1117     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
1118     goto fail;
1119   }
1120   slot_data->vbmeta_images =
1121       avb_calloc(sizeof(AvbVBMetaData) * MAX_NUMBER_OF_VBMETA_IMAGES);
1122   if (slot_data->vbmeta_images == NULL) {
1123     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
1124     goto fail;
1125   }
1126   slot_data->loaded_partitions =
1127       avb_calloc(sizeof(AvbPartitionData) * MAX_NUMBER_OF_LOADED_PARTITIONS);
1128   if (slot_data->loaded_partitions == NULL) {
1129     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
1130     goto fail;
1131   }
1132 
1133   additional_cmdline_subst = avb_new_cmdline_subst_list();
1134   if (additional_cmdline_subst == NULL) {
1135     ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
1136     goto fail;
1137   }
1138 
1139   ret = load_and_verify_vbmeta(ops,
1140                                requested_partitions,
1141                                ab_suffix,
1142                                allow_verification_error,
1143                                0 /* toplevel_vbmeta_flags */,
1144                                0 /* rollback_index_location */,
1145                                "vbmeta",
1146                                avb_strlen("vbmeta"),
1147                                NULL /* expected_public_key */,
1148                                0 /* expected_public_key_length */,
1149                                slot_data,
1150                                &algorithm_type,
1151                                additional_cmdline_subst);
1152   if (!allow_verification_error && ret != AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK) {
1153     goto fail;
1154   }
1155 
1156   /* If things check out, mangle the kernel command-line as needed. */
1157   if (result_should_continue(ret)) {
1158     if (avb_strcmp(slot_data->vbmeta_images[0].partition_name, "vbmeta") != 0) {
1159       avb_assert(
1160           avb_strcmp(slot_data->vbmeta_images[0].partition_name, "boot") == 0);
1161       using_boot_for_vbmeta = true;
1162     }
1163 
1164     /* Byteswap top-level vbmeta header since we'll need it below. */
1165     avb_vbmeta_image_header_to_host_byte_order(
1166         (const AvbVBMetaImageHeader*)slot_data->vbmeta_images[0].vbmeta_data,
1167         &toplevel_vbmeta);
1168 
1169     /* Fill in |ab_suffix| field. */
1170     slot_data->ab_suffix = avb_strdup(ab_suffix);
1171     if (slot_data->ab_suffix == NULL) {
1172       ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
1173       goto fail;
1174     }
1175 
1176     /* If verification is disabled, we are done ... we specifically
1177      * don't want to add any androidboot.* options since verification
1178      * is disabled.
1179      */
1180     if (toplevel_vbmeta.flags & AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_FLAGS_VERIFICATION_DISABLED) {
1181       /* Since verification is disabled we didn't process any
1182        * descriptors and thus there's no cmdline... so set root= such
1183        * that the system partition is mounted.
1184        */
1185       avb_assert(slot_data->cmdline == NULL);
1186       slot_data->cmdline =
1187           avb_strdup("root=PARTUUID=$(ANDROID_SYSTEM_PARTUUID)");
1188       if (slot_data->cmdline == NULL) {
1189         ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
1190         goto fail;
1191       }
1192     } else {
1193       /* Add options - any failure in avb_append_options() is either an
1194        * I/O or OOM error.
1195        */
1196       AvbSlotVerifyResult sub_ret = avb_append_options(ops,
1197                                                        slot_data,
1198                                                        &toplevel_vbmeta,
1199                                                        algorithm_type,
1200                                                        hashtree_error_mode);
1201       if (sub_ret != AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK) {
1202         ret = sub_ret;
1203         goto fail;
1204       }
1205     }
1206 
1207     /* Substitute $(ANDROID_SYSTEM_PARTUUID) and friends. */
1208     if (slot_data->cmdline != NULL) {
1209       char* new_cmdline;
1210       new_cmdline = avb_sub_cmdline(ops,
1211                                     slot_data->cmdline,
1212                                     ab_suffix,
1213                                     using_boot_for_vbmeta,
1214                                     additional_cmdline_subst);
1215       if (new_cmdline != slot_data->cmdline) {
1216         if (new_cmdline == NULL) {
1217           ret = AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM;
1218           goto fail;
1219         }
1220         avb_free(slot_data->cmdline);
1221         slot_data->cmdline = new_cmdline;
1222       }
1223     }
1224 
1225     if (out_data != NULL) {
1226       *out_data = slot_data;
1227     } else {
1228       avb_slot_verify_data_free(slot_data);
1229     }
1230   }
1231 
1232   avb_free_cmdline_subst_list(additional_cmdline_subst);
1233   additional_cmdline_subst = NULL;
1234 
1235   if (!allow_verification_error) {
1236     avb_assert(ret == AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK);
1237   }
1238 
1239   return ret;
1240 
1241 fail:
1242   if (slot_data != NULL) {
1243     avb_slot_verify_data_free(slot_data);
1244   }
1245   if (additional_cmdline_subst != NULL) {
1246     avb_free_cmdline_subst_list(additional_cmdline_subst);
1247   }
1248   return ret;
1249 }
1250 
1251 void avb_slot_verify_data_free(AvbSlotVerifyData* data) {
1252   if (data->ab_suffix != NULL) {
1253     avb_free(data->ab_suffix);
1254   }
1255   if (data->cmdline != NULL) {
1256     avb_free(data->cmdline);
1257   }
1258   if (data->vbmeta_images != NULL) {
1259     size_t n;
1260     for (n = 0; n < data->num_vbmeta_images; n++) {
1261       AvbVBMetaData* vbmeta_image = &data->vbmeta_images[n];
1262       if (vbmeta_image->partition_name != NULL) {
1263         avb_free(vbmeta_image->partition_name);
1264       }
1265       if (vbmeta_image->vbmeta_data != NULL) {
1266         avb_free(vbmeta_image->vbmeta_data);
1267       }
1268     }
1269     avb_free(data->vbmeta_images);
1270   }
1271   if (data->loaded_partitions != NULL) {
1272     size_t n;
1273     for (n = 0; n < data->num_loaded_partitions; n++) {
1274       AvbPartitionData* loaded_partition = &data->loaded_partitions[n];
1275       if (loaded_partition->partition_name != NULL) {
1276         avb_free(loaded_partition->partition_name);
1277       }
1278       if (loaded_partition->data != NULL && !loaded_partition->preloaded) {
1279         avb_free(loaded_partition->data);
1280       }
1281     }
1282     avb_free(data->loaded_partitions);
1283   }
1284   avb_free(data);
1285 }
1286 
1287 const char* avb_slot_verify_result_to_string(AvbSlotVerifyResult result) {
1288   const char* ret = NULL;
1289 
1290   switch (result) {
1291     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_OK:
1292       ret = "OK";
1293       break;
1294     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_OOM:
1295       ret = "ERROR_OOM";
1296       break;
1297     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_IO:
1298       ret = "ERROR_IO";
1299       break;
1300     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_VERIFICATION:
1301       ret = "ERROR_VERIFICATION";
1302       break;
1303     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_ROLLBACK_INDEX:
1304       ret = "ERROR_ROLLBACK_INDEX";
1305       break;
1306     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_PUBLIC_KEY_REJECTED:
1307       ret = "ERROR_PUBLIC_KEY_REJECTED";
1308       break;
1309     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_METADATA:
1310       ret = "ERROR_INVALID_METADATA";
1311       break;
1312     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION:
1313       ret = "ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION";
1314       break;
1315     case AVB_SLOT_VERIFY_RESULT_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT:
1316       ret = "ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT";
1317       break;
1318       /* Do not add a 'default:' case here because of -Wswitch. */
1319   }
1320 
1321   if (ret == NULL) {
1322     avb_error("Unknown AvbSlotVerifyResult value.\n");
1323     ret = "(unknown)";
1324   }
1325 
1326   return ret;
1327 }
1328 
1329 void avb_slot_verify_data_calculate_vbmeta_digest(AvbSlotVerifyData* data,
1330                                                   AvbDigestType digest_type,
1331                                                   uint8_t* out_digest) {
1332   bool ret = false;
1333   size_t n;
1334 
1335   switch (digest_type) {
1336     case AVB_DIGEST_TYPE_SHA256: {
1337       AvbSHA256Ctx ctx;
1338       avb_sha256_init(&ctx);
1339       for (n = 0; n < data->num_vbmeta_images; n++) {
1340         avb_sha256_update(&ctx,
1341                           data->vbmeta_images[n].vbmeta_data,
1342                           data->vbmeta_images[n].vbmeta_size);
1343       }
1344       avb_memcpy(out_digest, avb_sha256_final(&ctx), AVB_SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
1345       ret = true;
1346     } break;
1347 
1348     case AVB_DIGEST_TYPE_SHA512: {
1349       AvbSHA512Ctx ctx;
1350       avb_sha512_init(&ctx);
1351       for (n = 0; n < data->num_vbmeta_images; n++) {
1352         avb_sha512_update(&ctx,
1353                           data->vbmeta_images[n].vbmeta_data,
1354                           data->vbmeta_images[n].vbmeta_size);
1355       }
1356       avb_memcpy(out_digest, avb_sha512_final(&ctx), AVB_SHA512_DIGEST_SIZE);
1357       ret = true;
1358     } break;
1359 
1360       /* Do not add a 'default:' case here because of -Wswitch. */
1361   }
1362 
1363   if (!ret) {
1364     avb_fatal("Unknown digest type");
1365   }
1366 }
1367