1Table of interleaving 2-4 controllers 2===================================== 3 +--------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 4 |Configuration | Memory Controller | 5 | | 1 2 3 4 | 6 |--------------+--------------+--------------+-----------------------------+ 7 | Two memory | Not Intlv'ed | Not Intlv'ed | | 8 | complexes +--------------+--------------+ | 9 | | 2-way Intlv'ed | | 10 |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+ | 11 | | Not Intlv'ed | Not Intlv'ed | Not Intlv'ed | | 12 | Three memory +--------------+--------------+--------------+ | 13 | complexes | 2-way Intlv'ed | Not Intlv'ed | | 14 | +-----------------------------+--------------+ | 15 | | 3-way Intlv'ed | | 16 +--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+ 17 | | Not Intlv'ed | Not Intlv'ed | Not Intlv'ed | Not Intlv'ed | 18 | Four memory +--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+ 19 | complexes | 2-way Intlv'ed | 2-way Intlv'ed | 20 | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ 21 | | 4-way Intlv'ed | 22 +--------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 23 24 25Table of 2-way interleaving modes supported in cpu/8xxx/ddr/ 26====================================================== 27 +-------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ 28 | | Rank Interleaving | 29 | +--------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+ 30 |Memory | | | | 2x2 | 4x1 | 31 |Controller | None | 2x1 lower | 2x1 upper | {CS0+CS1}, | {CS0+CS1+ | 32 |Interleaving | | {CS0+CS1} | {CS2+CS3} | {CS2+CS3} | CS2+CS3} | 33 +-------------+--------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+ 34 |None | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 35 +-------------+--------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+ 36 |Cacheline | Yes | Yes | No | No, Only(*)| Yes | 37 | |CS0 Only| | | {CS0+CS1} | | 38 +-------------+--------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+ 39 |Page | Yes | Yes | No | No, Only(*)| Yes | 40 | |CS0 Only| | | {CS0+CS1} | | 41 +-------------+--------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+ 42 |Bank | Yes | Yes | No | No, Only(*)| Yes | 43 | |CS0 Only| | | {CS0+CS1} | | 44 +-------------+--------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+ 45 |Superbank | No | Yes | No | No, Only(*)| Yes | 46 | | | | | {CS0+CS1} | | 47 +-------------+--------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+ 48 (*) Although the hardware can be configured with memory controller 49 interleaving using "2x2" rank interleaving, it only interleaves {CS0+CS1} 50 from each controller. {CS2+CS3} on each controller are only rank 51 interleaved on that controller. 52 53 For memory controller interleaving, identical DIMMs are suggested. Software 54 doesn't check the size or organization of interleaved DIMMs. 55 56The ways to configure the ddr interleaving mode 57============================================== 581. In board header file(e.g.MPC8572DS.h), add default interleaving setting 59 under "CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS", like: 60 #define CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \ 61 "hwconfig=fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=bank" \ 62 ...... 63 642. Run u-boot "setenv" command to configure the memory interleaving mode. 65 Either numerical or string value is accepted. 66 67 # disable memory controller interleaving 68 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=null" 69 70 # cacheline interleaving 71 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=cacheline" 72 73 # page interleaving 74 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=page" 75 76 # bank interleaving 77 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=bank" 78 79 # superbank 80 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=superbank" 81 82 # 1KB 3-way interleaving 83 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=3way_1KB" 84 85 # 4KB 3-way interleaving 86 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=3way_4KB" 87 88 # 8KB 3-way interleaving 89 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=3way_8KB" 90 91 # disable bank (chip-select) interleaving 92 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:bank_intlv=null" 93 94 # bank(chip-select) interleaving cs0+cs1 95 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:bank_intlv=cs0_cs1" 96 97 # bank(chip-select) interleaving cs2+cs3 98 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:bank_intlv=cs2_cs3" 99 100 # bank(chip-select) interleaving (cs0+cs1) and (cs2+cs3) (2x2) 101 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:bank_intlv=cs0_cs1_and_cs2_cs3" 102 103 # bank(chip-select) interleaving (cs0+cs1+cs2+cs3) (4x1) 104 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:bank_intlv=cs0_cs1_cs2_cs3" 105 106 # bank(chip-select) interleaving (auto) 107 setenv hwconfig "fsl_ddr:bank_intlv=auto" 108 This auto mode only select from cs0_cs1_cs2_cs3, cs0_cs1, null dependings 109 on DIMMs. 110 111Memory controller address hashing 112================================== 113If the DDR controller supports address hashing, it can be enabled by hwconfig. 114 115Syntax is: 116hwconfig=fsl_ddr:addr_hash=true 117 118Memory controller ECC on/off 119============================ 120If ECC is enabled in board configuratoin file, i.e. #define CONFIG_DDR_ECC, 121ECC can be turned on/off by hwconfig. 122 123Syntax is 124hwconfig=fsl_ddr:ecc=off 125 126Memory testing options for mpc85xx 127================================== 1281. Memory test can be done once U-boot prompt comes up using mtest, or 1292. Memory test can be done with Power-On-Self-Test function, activated at 130 compile time. 131 132 In order to enable the POST memory test, CONFIG_POST needs to be 133 defined in board configuraiton header file. By default, POST memory test 134 performs a fast test. A slow test can be enabled by changing the flag at 135 compiling time. To test memory bigger than 2GB, 36BIT support is needed. 136 Memory is tested within a 2GB window. TLBs are used to map the virtual 2GB 137 window to physical address so that all physical memory can be tested. 138 139Combination of hwconfig 140======================= 141Hwconfig can be combined with multiple parameters, for example, on a supported 142platform 143 144hwconfig=fsl_ddr:addr_hash=true,ctlr_intlv=cacheline,bank_intlv=cs0_cs1_cs2_cs3,ecc=on 145 146Table for dynamic ODT for DDR3 147============================== 148For single-slot system with quad-rank DIMM and dual-slot system, dynamic ODT may 149be needed, depending on the configuration. The numbers in the following tables are 150in Ohms. 151 152* denotes dynamic ODT 153 154Two slots system 155+-----------------------+----------+---------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ 156| Configuration | |DRAM controller| Slot 1 | Slot 2 | 157+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+ 158| | | | | | Rank 1 | Rank 2 | Rank 1 | Rank 2 | 159+ Slot 1 | Slot 2 |Write/Read| Write | Read |-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 160| | | | | | Write | Read | Write | Read | Write | Read | Write | Read | 161+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 162| | | Slot 1 | off | 75 | 120 | off | off | off | off | off | 30 | 30 | 163| Dual Rank | Dual Rank |----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 164| | | Slot 2 | off | 75 | off | off | 30 | 30 | 120 | off | off | off | 165+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 166| | | Slot 1 | off | 75 | 120 | off | off | off | 20 | 20 | | | 167| Dual Rank |Single Rank|----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 168| | | Slot 2 | off | 75 | off | off | 20 | 20 | 120 *| off | | | 169+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 170| | | Slot 1 | off | 75 | 120 *| off | | | off | off | 20 | 20 | 171|Single Rank| Dual Rank |----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 172| | | Slot 2 | off | 75 | 20 | 20 | | | 120 | off | off | off | 173+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 174| | | Slot 1 | off | 75 | 120 *| off | | | 30 | 30 | | | 175|Single Rank|Single Rank|----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 176| | | Slot 2 | off | 75 | 30 | 30 | | | 120 *| off | | | 177+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 178| Dual Rank | Empty | Slot 1 | off | 75 | 40 | off | off | off | | | | | 179+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 180| Empty | Dual Rank | Slot 2 | off | 75 | | | | | 40 | off | off | off | 181+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 182|Single Rank| Empty | Slot 1 | off | 75 | 40 | off | | | | | | | 183+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 184| Empty |Single Rank| Slot 2 | off | 75 | | | | | 40 | off | | | 185+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 186 187Single slot system 188+-------------+------------+---------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ 189| | |DRAM controller| Rank 1 | Rank 2 | Rank 3 | Rank 4 | 190|Configuration| Write/Read |-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 191| | | Write | Read | Write | Read | Write | Read | Write | Read | Write | Read | 192+-------------+------------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 193| | R1 | off | 75 | 120 *| off | off | off | 20 | 20 | off | off | 194| |------------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 195| | R2 | off | 75 | off | 20 | 120 | off | 20 | 20 | off | off | 196| Quad Rank |------------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 197| | R3 | off | 75 | 20 | 20 | off | off | 120 *| off | off | off | 198| |------------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 199| | R4 | off | 75 | 20 | 20 | off | off | off | 20 | 120 | off | 200+-------------+------------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 201| | R1 | off | 75 | 40 | off | off | off | 202| Dual Rank |------------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+ 203| | R2 | off | 75 | 40 | off | off | off | 204+-------------+------------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+ 205| Single Rank | R1 | off | 75 | 40 | off | 206+-------------+------------+-------+-------+-------+------+ 207 208Reference http://www.xrosstalkmag.com/mag_issues/xrosstalk_oct08_final.pdf 209 http://download.micron.com/pdf/technotes/ddr3/tn4108_ddr3_design_guide.pdf 210 211 212Table for ODT for DDR2 213====================== 214Two slots system 215+-----------------------+----------+---------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ 216| Configuration | |DRAM controller| Slot 1 | Slot 2 | 217+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+ 218| | | | | | Rank 1 | Rank 2 | Rank 1 | Rank 2 | 219+ Slot 1 | Slot 2 |Write/Read| Write | Read |-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 220| | | | | | Write | Read | Write | Read | Write | Read | Write | Read | 221+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 222| | | Slot 1 | off | 150 | off | off | off | off | 75 | 75 | off | off | 223| Dual Rank | Dual Rank |----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 224| | | Slot 2 | off | 150 | 75 | 75 | off | off | off | off | off | off | 225+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 226| | | Slot 1 | off | 150 | off | off | off | off | 75 | 75 | | | 227| Dual Rank |Single Rank|----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 228| | | Slot 2 | off | 150 | 75 | 75 | off | off | off | off | | | 229+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 230| | | Slot 1 | off | 150 | off | off | | | 75 | 75 | off | off | 231|Single Rank| Dual Rank |----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 232| | | Slot 2 | off | 150 | 75 | 75 | | | off | off | off | off | 233+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 234| | | Slot 1 | off | 150 | off | off | | | 75 | 75 | | | 235|Single Rank|Single Rank|----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 236| | | Slot 2 | off | 150 | 75 | 75 | | | off | off | | | 237+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 238| Dual Rank | Empty | Slot 1 | off | 75 | 150 | off | off | off | | | | | 239+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 240| Empty | Dual Rank | Slot 2 | off | 75 | | | | | 150 | off | off | off | 241+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 242|Single Rank| Empty | Slot 1 | off | 75 | 150 | off | | | | | | | 243+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 244| Empty |Single Rank| Slot 2 | off | 75 | | | | | 150 | off | | | 245+-----------+-----------+----------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+------+ 246 247Single slot system 248+-------------+------------+---------------+-----------------------------+ 249| | |DRAM controller| Rank 1 | Rank 2 | 250|Configuration| Write/Read |-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+ 251| | | Write | Read | Write | Read | Write | Read | 252+-------------+------------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+ 253| | R1 | off | 75 | 150 | off | off | off | 254| Dual Rank |------------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+ 255| | R2 | off | 75 | 150 | off | off | off | 256+-------------+------------+-------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+ 257| Single Rank | R1 | off | 75 | 150 | off | 258+-------------+------------+-------+-------+-------+------+ 259 260Reference http://www.samsung.com/global/business/semiconductor/products/dram/downloads/applicationnote/ddr2_odt_control_200603.pdf 261 262 263Interactive DDR debugging 264=========================== 265 266For DDR parameter tuning up and debugging, the interactive DDR debugging can 267be activated by saving an environment variable "ddr_interactive". The value 268doesn't matter. Once activated, U-boot prompts "FSL DDR>" before enabling DDR 269controller. The available commands can be seen by typing "help". 270 271Another way to enter debug mode without using environment variable is to send 272a key press during boot, like one would do to abort auto boot. To save booting 273time, no additioal delay is added so the window to send the key press is very 274short. For example, user can send the key press using reset command followed by 275hitting enter key twice. In case of power on reset, user can keep hitting any 276key while applying the power. 277 278The example flow of using interactive debugging is 279type command "compute" to calculate the parameters from the default 280type command "print" with arguments to show SPD, options, registers 281type command "edit" with arguments to change any if desired 282type command "copy" with arguments to copy controller/dimm settings 283type command "go" to continue calculation and enable DDR controller 284type command "reset" to reset the board 285type command "recompute" to reload SPD and start over 286 287Note, check "next_step" to show the flow. For example, after edit opts, the 288next_step is STEP_ASSIGN_ADDRESSES. After editing registers, the next_step is 289STEP_PROGRAM_REGS. Upon issuing command "go", DDR controller will be enabled 290with current setting without further calculation. 291 292The detail syntax for each commands are 293 294print [c<n>] [d<n>] [spd] [dimmparms] [commonparms] [opts] [addresses] [regs] 295 c<n> - the controller number, eg. c0, c1 296 d<n> - the DIMM number, eg. d0, d1 297 spd - print SPD data 298 dimmparms - DIMM parameters, calculated from SPD 299 commonparms - lowest common parameters for all DIMMs 300 opts - options 301 addresses - address assignment (not implemented yet) 302 regs - controller registers 303 304edit <c#> <d#> <spd|dimmparms|commonparms|opts|addresses|regs> <element> <value> 305 c<n> - the controller number, eg. c0, c1 306 d<n> - the DIMM number, eg. d0, d1 307 spd - print SPD data 308 dimmparms - DIMM parameters, calculated from SPD 309 commonparms - lowest common parameters for all DIMMs 310 opts - options 311 addresses - address assignment (not implemented yet) 312 regs - controller registers 313 <element> - name of the modified element 314 byte number if the object is SPD 315 <value> - decimal or heximal (prefixed with 0x) numbers 316 317copy <src c#> <src d#> <spd|dimmparms|commonparms|opts|addresses|regs> <dst c#> <dst d#> 318 same as for "edit" command 319 DIMM numbers ignored for commonparms, opts, and regs 320 321reset 322 no arguement - reset the board 323 324recompute 325 no argument - reload SPD and start over 326 327compute 328 no argument - recompute from current next_step 329 330next_step 331 no argument - show current next_step 332 333help 334 no argument - print a list of all commands 335 336go 337 no argument - program memory controller(s) and continue with U-boot 338 339Examples of debugging flow 340 341 FSL DDR>compute 342 Detected UDIMM UG51U6400N8SU-ACF 343 SL DDR>print 344 print [c<n>] [d<n>] [spd] [dimmparms] [commonparms] [opts] [addresses] [regs] 345 FSL DDR>print dimmparms 346 DIMM parameters: Controller=0 DIMM=0 347 DIMM organization parameters: 348 module part name = UG51U6400N8SU-ACF 349 rank_density = 2147483648 bytes (2048 megabytes) 350 capacity = 4294967296 bytes (4096 megabytes) 351 burst_lengths_bitmask = 0C 352 base_addresss = 0 (00000000 00000000) 353 n_ranks = 2 354 data_width = 64 355 primary_sdram_width = 64 356 ec_sdram_width = 0 357 registered_dimm = 0 358 n_row_addr = 15 359 n_col_addr = 10 360 edc_config = 0 361 n_banks_per_sdram_device = 8 362 tCKmin_X_ps = 1500 363 tCKmin_X_minus_1_ps = 0 364 tCKmin_X_minus_2_ps = 0 365 tCKmax_ps = 0 366 caslat_X = 960 367 tAA_ps = 13125 368 caslat_X_minus_1 = 0 369 caslat_X_minus_2 = 0 370 caslat_lowest_derated = 0 371 tRCD_ps = 13125 372 tRP_ps = 13125 373 tRAS_ps = 36000 374 tWR_ps = 15000 375 tWTR_ps = 7500 376 tRFC_ps = 160000 377 tRRD_ps = 6000 378 tRC_ps = 49125 379 refresh_rate_ps = 7800000 380 tIS_ps = 0 381 tIH_ps = 0 382 tDS_ps = 0 383 tDH_ps = 0 384 tRTP_ps = 7500 385 tDQSQ_max_ps = 0 386 tQHS_ps = 0 387 FSL DDR>edit c0 opts ECC_mode 0 388 FSL DDR>edit c0 regs cs0_bnds 0x000000FF 389 FSL DDR>go 390 2 GiB left unmapped 391 4 GiB (DDR3, 64-bit, CL=9, ECC off) 392 DDR Chip-Select Interleaving Mode: CS0+CS1 393 Testing 0x00000000 - 0x7fffffff 394 Testing 0x80000000 - 0xffffffff 395 Remap DDR 2 GiB left unmapped 396 397 POST memory PASSED 398 Flash: 128 MiB 399 L2: 128 KB enabled 400 Corenet Platform Cache: 1024 KB enabled 401 SERDES: timeout resetting bank 3 402 SRIO1: disabled 403 SRIO2: disabled 404 MMC: FSL_ESDHC: 0 405 EEPROM: Invalid ID (ff ff ff ff) 406 PCIe1: disabled 407 PCIe2: Root Complex, x1, regs @ 0xfe201000 408 01:00.0 - 8086:10d3 - Network controller 409 PCIe2: Bus 00 - 01 410 PCIe3: disabled 411 In: serial 412 Out: serial 413 Err: serial 414 Net: Initializing Fman 415 Fman1: Uploading microcode version 101.8.0 416 e1000: 00:1b:21:81:d2:e0 417 FM1@DTSEC1, FM1@DTSEC2, FM1@DTSEC3, FM1@DTSEC4, FM1@DTSEC5, e1000#0 [PRIME] 418 Warning: e1000#0 MAC addresses don't match: 419 Address in SROM is 00:1b:21:81:d2:e0 420 Address in environment is 00:e0:0c:00:ea:05 421 422 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 423 => 424