xref: /openbmc/qemu/util/qemu-sockets.c (revision f14eced5)
1 /*
2  *  inet and unix socket functions for qemu
3  *
4  *  (c) 2008 Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
5  *
6  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8  *  the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
9  *
10  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
13  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
14  *
15  * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
16  * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
17  */
18 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
19 
20 #ifdef CONFIG_AF_VSOCK
21 #include <linux/vm_sockets.h>
22 #endif /* CONFIG_AF_VSOCK */
23 
24 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
25 #include "qapi/clone-visitor.h"
26 #include "qapi/error.h"
27 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-sockets.h"
28 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
29 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
30 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
31 #include "qapi/qobject-output-visitor.h"
32 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
33 #include "trace.h"
34 
35 #ifndef AI_ADDRCONFIG
36 # define AI_ADDRCONFIG 0
37 #endif
38 
39 #ifndef AI_V4MAPPED
40 # define AI_V4MAPPED 0
41 #endif
42 
43 #ifndef AI_NUMERICSERV
44 # define AI_NUMERICSERV 0
45 #endif
46 
47 
48 static int inet_getport(struct addrinfo *e)
49 {
50     struct sockaddr_in *i4;
51     struct sockaddr_in6 *i6;
52 
53     switch (e->ai_family) {
54     case PF_INET6:
55         i6 = (void*)e->ai_addr;
56         return ntohs(i6->sin6_port);
57     case PF_INET:
58         i4 = (void*)e->ai_addr;
59         return ntohs(i4->sin_port);
60     default:
61         return 0;
62     }
63 }
64 
65 static void inet_setport(struct addrinfo *e, int port)
66 {
67     struct sockaddr_in *i4;
68     struct sockaddr_in6 *i6;
69 
70     switch (e->ai_family) {
71     case PF_INET6:
72         i6 = (void*)e->ai_addr;
73         i6->sin6_port = htons(port);
74         break;
75     case PF_INET:
76         i4 = (void*)e->ai_addr;
77         i4->sin_port = htons(port);
78         break;
79     }
80 }
81 
82 NetworkAddressFamily inet_netfamily(int family)
83 {
84     switch (family) {
85     case PF_INET6: return NETWORK_ADDRESS_FAMILY_IPV6;
86     case PF_INET:  return NETWORK_ADDRESS_FAMILY_IPV4;
87     case PF_UNIX:  return NETWORK_ADDRESS_FAMILY_UNIX;
88 #ifdef CONFIG_AF_VSOCK
89     case PF_VSOCK: return NETWORK_ADDRESS_FAMILY_VSOCK;
90 #endif /* CONFIG_AF_VSOCK */
91     }
92     return NETWORK_ADDRESS_FAMILY_UNKNOWN;
93 }
94 
95 bool fd_is_socket(int fd)
96 {
97     int optval;
98     socklen_t optlen = sizeof(optval);
99     return !getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TYPE, &optval, &optlen);
100 }
101 
102 
103 /*
104  * Matrix we're trying to apply
105  *
106  *  ipv4  ipv6   family
107  *   -     -       PF_UNSPEC
108  *   -     f       PF_INET
109  *   -     t       PF_INET6
110  *   f     -       PF_INET6
111  *   f     f       <error>
112  *   f     t       PF_INET6
113  *   t     -       PF_INET
114  *   t     f       PF_INET
115  *   t     t       PF_INET6/PF_UNSPEC
116  *
117  * NB, this matrix is only about getting the necessary results
118  * from getaddrinfo(). Some of the cases require further work
119  * after reading results from getaddrinfo in order to fully
120  * apply the logic the end user wants.
121  *
122  * In the first and last cases, we must set IPV6_V6ONLY=0
123  * when binding, to allow a single listener to potentially
124  * accept both IPv4+6 addresses.
125  */
126 int inet_ai_family_from_address(InetSocketAddress *addr,
127                                 Error **errp)
128 {
129     if (addr->has_ipv6 && addr->has_ipv4 &&
130         !addr->ipv6 && !addr->ipv4) {
131         error_setg(errp, "Cannot disable IPv4 and IPv6 at same time");
132         return PF_UNSPEC;
133     }
134     if ((addr->has_ipv6 && addr->ipv6) && (addr->has_ipv4 && addr->ipv4)) {
135         /*
136          * Some backends can only do a single listener. In that case
137          * we want empty hostname to resolve to "::" and then use the
138          * flag IPV6_V6ONLY==0 to get both protocols on 1 socket. This
139          * doesn't work for addresses other than "", so they're just
140          * inevitably broken until multiple listeners can be used,
141          * and thus we honour getaddrinfo automatic protocol detection
142          * Once all backends do multi-listener, remove the PF_INET6
143          * branch entirely.
144          */
145         if (!addr->host || g_str_equal(addr->host, "")) {
146             return PF_INET6;
147         } else {
148             return PF_UNSPEC;
149         }
150     }
151     if ((addr->has_ipv6 && addr->ipv6) || (addr->has_ipv4 && !addr->ipv4)) {
152         return PF_INET6;
153     }
154     if ((addr->has_ipv4 && addr->ipv4) || (addr->has_ipv6 && !addr->ipv6)) {
155         return PF_INET;
156     }
157     return PF_UNSPEC;
158 }
159 
160 static int create_fast_reuse_socket(struct addrinfo *e)
161 {
162     int slisten = qemu_socket(e->ai_family, e->ai_socktype, e->ai_protocol);
163     if (slisten < 0) {
164         return -1;
165     }
166     socket_set_fast_reuse(slisten);
167     return slisten;
168 }
169 
170 static int try_bind(int socket, InetSocketAddress *saddr, struct addrinfo *e)
171 {
172 #ifndef IPV6_V6ONLY
173     return bind(socket, e->ai_addr, e->ai_addrlen);
174 #else
175     /*
176      * Deals with first & last cases in matrix in comment
177      * for inet_ai_family_from_address().
178      */
179     int v6only =
180         ((!saddr->has_ipv4 && !saddr->has_ipv6) ||
181          (saddr->has_ipv4 && saddr->ipv4 &&
182           saddr->has_ipv6 && saddr->ipv6)) ? 0 : 1;
183     int stat;
184 
185  rebind:
186     if (e->ai_family == PF_INET6) {
187         setsockopt(socket, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, &v6only,
188                    sizeof(v6only));
189     }
190 
191     stat = bind(socket, e->ai_addr, e->ai_addrlen);
192     if (!stat) {
193         return 0;
194     }
195 
196     /* If we got EADDRINUSE from an IPv6 bind & v6only is unset,
197      * it could be that the IPv4 port is already claimed, so retry
198      * with v6only set
199      */
200     if (e->ai_family == PF_INET6 && errno == EADDRINUSE && !v6only) {
201         v6only = 1;
202         goto rebind;
203     }
204     return stat;
205 #endif
206 }
207 
208 static int inet_listen_saddr(InetSocketAddress *saddr,
209                              int port_offset,
210                              int num,
211                              Error **errp)
212 {
213     ERRP_GUARD();
214     struct addrinfo ai, *res, *e;
215     char port[33];
216     char uaddr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN+1];
217     char uport[33];
218     int rc, port_min, port_max, p;
219     int slisten = -1;
220     int saved_errno = 0;
221     bool socket_created = false;
222 
223     if (saddr->keep_alive) {
224         error_setg(errp, "keep-alive option is not supported for passive "
225                    "sockets");
226         return -1;
227     }
228 
229     memset(&ai,0, sizeof(ai));
230     ai.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
231     if (saddr->has_numeric && saddr->numeric) {
232         ai.ai_flags |= AI_NUMERICHOST | AI_NUMERICSERV;
233     }
234     ai.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
235     ai.ai_family = inet_ai_family_from_address(saddr, errp);
236     if (*errp) {
237         return -1;
238     }
239 
240     if (saddr->host == NULL) {
241         error_setg(errp, "host not specified");
242         return -1;
243     }
244     if (saddr->port != NULL) {
245         pstrcpy(port, sizeof(port), saddr->port);
246     } else {
247         port[0] = '\0';
248     }
249 
250     /* lookup */
251     if (port_offset) {
252         uint64_t baseport;
253         if (strlen(port) == 0) {
254             error_setg(errp, "port not specified");
255             return -1;
256         }
257         if (parse_uint_full(port, 10, &baseport) < 0) {
258             error_setg(errp, "can't convert to a number: %s", port);
259             return -1;
260         }
261         if (baseport > 65535 ||
262             baseport + port_offset > 65535) {
263             error_setg(errp, "port %s out of range", port);
264             return -1;
265         }
266         snprintf(port, sizeof(port), "%d", (int)baseport + port_offset);
267     }
268     rc = getaddrinfo(strlen(saddr->host) ? saddr->host : NULL,
269                      strlen(port) ? port : NULL, &ai, &res);
270     if (rc != 0) {
271         error_setg(errp, "address resolution failed for %s:%s: %s",
272                    saddr->host, port, gai_strerror(rc));
273         return -1;
274     }
275 
276     /* create socket + bind/listen */
277     for (e = res; e != NULL; e = e->ai_next) {
278 #ifdef HAVE_IPPROTO_MPTCP
279         if (saddr->has_mptcp && saddr->mptcp) {
280             e->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_MPTCP;
281         }
282 #endif
283         getnameinfo((struct sockaddr*)e->ai_addr,e->ai_addrlen,
284                         uaddr,INET6_ADDRSTRLEN,uport,32,
285                         NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV);
286 
287         port_min = inet_getport(e);
288         port_max = saddr->has_to ? saddr->to + port_offset : port_min;
289         for (p = port_min; p <= port_max; p++) {
290             inet_setport(e, p);
291 
292             slisten = create_fast_reuse_socket(e);
293             if (slisten < 0) {
294                 /* First time we expect we might fail to create the socket
295                  * eg if 'e' has AF_INET6 but ipv6 kmod is not loaded.
296                  * Later iterations should always succeed if first iteration
297                  * worked though, so treat that as fatal.
298                  */
299                 if (p == port_min) {
300                     continue;
301                 } else {
302                     error_setg_errno(errp, errno,
303                                      "Failed to recreate failed listening socket");
304                     goto listen_failed;
305                 }
306             }
307             socket_created = true;
308 
309             rc = try_bind(slisten, saddr, e);
310             if (rc < 0) {
311                 if (errno != EADDRINUSE) {
312                     error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to bind socket");
313                     goto listen_failed;
314                 }
315             } else {
316                 if (!listen(slisten, num)) {
317                     goto listen_ok;
318                 }
319                 if (errno != EADDRINUSE) {
320                     error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to listen on socket");
321                     goto listen_failed;
322                 }
323             }
324             /* Someone else managed to bind to the same port and beat us
325              * to listen on it! Socket semantics does not allow us to
326              * recover from this situation, so we need to recreate the
327              * socket to allow bind attempts for subsequent ports:
328              */
329             close(slisten);
330             slisten = -1;
331         }
332     }
333     error_setg_errno(errp, errno,
334                      socket_created ?
335                      "Failed to find an available port" :
336                      "Failed to create a socket");
337 listen_failed:
338     saved_errno = errno;
339     if (slisten >= 0) {
340         close(slisten);
341     }
342     freeaddrinfo(res);
343     errno = saved_errno;
344     return -1;
345 
346 listen_ok:
347     freeaddrinfo(res);
348     return slisten;
349 }
350 
351 #ifdef _WIN32
352 #define QEMU_SOCKET_RC_INPROGRESS(rc) \
353     ((rc) == -EINPROGRESS || (rc) == -EWOULDBLOCK || (rc) == -WSAEALREADY)
354 #else
355 #define QEMU_SOCKET_RC_INPROGRESS(rc) \
356     ((rc) == -EINPROGRESS)
357 #endif
358 
359 static int inet_connect_addr(const InetSocketAddress *saddr,
360                              struct addrinfo *addr, Error **errp)
361 {
362     int sock, rc;
363 
364     sock = qemu_socket(addr->ai_family, addr->ai_socktype, addr->ai_protocol);
365     if (sock < 0) {
366         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to create socket family %d",
367                          addr->ai_family);
368         return -1;
369     }
370     socket_set_fast_reuse(sock);
371 
372     /* connect to peer */
373     do {
374         rc = 0;
375         if (connect(sock, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
376             rc = -errno;
377         }
378     } while (rc == -EINTR);
379 
380     if (rc < 0) {
381         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to connect to '%s:%s'",
382                          saddr->host, saddr->port);
383         close(sock);
384         return -1;
385     }
386 
387     return sock;
388 }
389 
390 static struct addrinfo *inet_parse_connect_saddr(InetSocketAddress *saddr,
391                                                  Error **errp)
392 {
393     ERRP_GUARD();
394     struct addrinfo ai, *res;
395     int rc;
396     static int useV4Mapped = 1;
397 
398     memset(&ai, 0, sizeof(ai));
399 
400     ai.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME | AI_ADDRCONFIG;
401     if (qatomic_read(&useV4Mapped)) {
402         ai.ai_flags |= AI_V4MAPPED;
403     }
404     ai.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
405     ai.ai_family = inet_ai_family_from_address(saddr, errp);
406     if (*errp) {
407         return NULL;
408     }
409 
410     if (saddr->host == NULL || saddr->port == NULL) {
411         error_setg(errp, "host and/or port not specified");
412         return NULL;
413     }
414 
415     /* lookup */
416     rc = getaddrinfo(saddr->host, saddr->port, &ai, &res);
417 
418     /* At least FreeBSD and OS-X 10.6 declare AI_V4MAPPED but
419      * then don't implement it in their getaddrinfo(). Detect
420      * this and retry without the flag since that's preferable
421      * to a fatal error
422      */
423     if (rc == EAI_BADFLAGS &&
424         (ai.ai_flags & AI_V4MAPPED)) {
425         qatomic_set(&useV4Mapped, 0);
426         ai.ai_flags &= ~AI_V4MAPPED;
427         rc = getaddrinfo(saddr->host, saddr->port, &ai, &res);
428     }
429     if (rc != 0) {
430         error_setg(errp, "address resolution failed for %s:%s: %s",
431                    saddr->host, saddr->port, gai_strerror(rc));
432         return NULL;
433     }
434     return res;
435 }
436 
437 /**
438  * Create a socket and connect it to an address.
439  *
440  * @saddr: Inet socket address specification
441  * @errp: set on error
442  *
443  * Returns: -1 on error, file descriptor on success.
444  */
445 int inet_connect_saddr(InetSocketAddress *saddr, Error **errp)
446 {
447     Error *local_err = NULL;
448     struct addrinfo *res, *e;
449     int sock = -1;
450 
451     res = inet_parse_connect_saddr(saddr, errp);
452     if (!res) {
453         return -1;
454     }
455 
456     for (e = res; e != NULL; e = e->ai_next) {
457         error_free(local_err);
458         local_err = NULL;
459 
460 #ifdef HAVE_IPPROTO_MPTCP
461         if (saddr->has_mptcp && saddr->mptcp) {
462             e->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_MPTCP;
463         }
464 #endif
465 
466         sock = inet_connect_addr(saddr, e, &local_err);
467         if (sock >= 0) {
468             break;
469         }
470     }
471 
472     freeaddrinfo(res);
473 
474     if (sock < 0) {
475         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
476         return sock;
477     }
478 
479     if (saddr->keep_alive) {
480         int val = 1;
481         int ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE,
482                              &val, sizeof(val));
483 
484         if (ret < 0) {
485             error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Unable to set KEEPALIVE");
486             close(sock);
487             return -1;
488         }
489     }
490 
491     return sock;
492 }
493 
494 static int inet_dgram_saddr(InetSocketAddress *sraddr,
495                             InetSocketAddress *sladdr,
496                             Error **errp)
497 {
498     ERRP_GUARD();
499     struct addrinfo ai, *peer = NULL, *local = NULL;
500     const char *addr;
501     const char *port;
502     int sock = -1, rc;
503 
504     /* lookup peer addr */
505     memset(&ai,0, sizeof(ai));
506     ai.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME | AI_V4MAPPED | AI_ADDRCONFIG;
507     ai.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
508     ai.ai_family = inet_ai_family_from_address(sraddr, errp);
509     if (*errp) {
510         goto err;
511     }
512 
513     addr = sraddr->host;
514     port = sraddr->port;
515     if (addr == NULL || strlen(addr) == 0) {
516         addr = "localhost";
517     }
518     if (port == NULL || strlen(port) == 0) {
519         error_setg(errp, "remote port not specified");
520         goto err;
521     }
522 
523     if ((rc = getaddrinfo(addr, port, &ai, &peer)) != 0) {
524         error_setg(errp, "address resolution failed for %s:%s: %s", addr, port,
525                    gai_strerror(rc));
526         goto err;
527     }
528 
529     /* lookup local addr */
530     memset(&ai,0, sizeof(ai));
531     ai.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
532     ai.ai_family = peer->ai_family;
533     ai.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
534 
535     if (sladdr) {
536         addr = sladdr->host;
537         port = sladdr->port;
538         if (addr == NULL || strlen(addr) == 0) {
539             addr = NULL;
540         }
541         if (!port || strlen(port) == 0) {
542             port = "0";
543         }
544     } else {
545         addr = NULL;
546         port = "0";
547     }
548 
549     if ((rc = getaddrinfo(addr, port, &ai, &local)) != 0) {
550         error_setg(errp, "address resolution failed for %s:%s: %s", addr, port,
551                    gai_strerror(rc));
552         goto err;
553     }
554 
555     /* create socket */
556     sock = qemu_socket(peer->ai_family, peer->ai_socktype, peer->ai_protocol);
557     if (sock < 0) {
558         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to create socket family %d",
559                          peer->ai_family);
560         goto err;
561     }
562     socket_set_fast_reuse(sock);
563 
564     /* bind socket */
565     if (bind(sock, local->ai_addr, local->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
566         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to bind socket");
567         goto err;
568     }
569 
570     /* connect to peer */
571     if (connect(sock,peer->ai_addr,peer->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
572         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to connect to '%s:%s'",
573                          addr, port);
574         goto err;
575     }
576 
577     freeaddrinfo(local);
578     freeaddrinfo(peer);
579     return sock;
580 
581 err:
582     if (sock != -1) {
583         close(sock);
584     }
585     if (local) {
586         freeaddrinfo(local);
587     }
588     if (peer) {
589         freeaddrinfo(peer);
590     }
591 
592     return -1;
593 }
594 
595 /* compatibility wrapper */
596 static int inet_parse_flag(const char *flagname, const char *optstr, bool *val,
597                            Error **errp)
598 {
599     char *end;
600     size_t len;
601 
602     end = strstr(optstr, ",");
603     if (end) {
604         if (end[1] == ',') { /* Reject 'ipv6=on,,foo' */
605             error_setg(errp, "error parsing '%s' flag '%s'", flagname, optstr);
606             return -1;
607         }
608         len = end - optstr;
609     } else {
610         len = strlen(optstr);
611     }
612     if (len == 0 || (len == 3 && strncmp(optstr, "=on", len) == 0)) {
613         *val = true;
614     } else if (len == 4 && strncmp(optstr, "=off", len) == 0) {
615         *val = false;
616     } else {
617         error_setg(errp, "error parsing '%s' flag '%s'", flagname, optstr);
618         return -1;
619     }
620     return 0;
621 }
622 
623 int inet_parse(InetSocketAddress *addr, const char *str, Error **errp)
624 {
625     const char *optstr, *h;
626     char host[65];
627     char port[33];
628     int to;
629     int pos;
630     char *begin;
631 
632     memset(addr, 0, sizeof(*addr));
633 
634     /* parse address */
635     if (str[0] == ':') {
636         /* no host given */
637         host[0] = '\0';
638         if (sscanf(str, ":%32[^,]%n", port, &pos) != 1) {
639             error_setg(errp, "error parsing port in address '%s'", str);
640             return -1;
641         }
642     } else if (str[0] == '[') {
643         /* IPv6 addr */
644         if (sscanf(str, "[%64[^]]]:%32[^,]%n", host, port, &pos) != 2) {
645             error_setg(errp, "error parsing IPv6 address '%s'", str);
646             return -1;
647         }
648     } else {
649         /* hostname or IPv4 addr */
650         if (sscanf(str, "%64[^:]:%32[^,]%n", host, port, &pos) != 2) {
651             error_setg(errp, "error parsing address '%s'", str);
652             return -1;
653         }
654     }
655 
656     addr->host = g_strdup(host);
657     addr->port = g_strdup(port);
658 
659     /* parse options */
660     optstr = str + pos;
661     h = strstr(optstr, ",to=");
662     if (h) {
663         h += 4;
664         if (sscanf(h, "%d%n", &to, &pos) != 1 ||
665             (h[pos] != '\0' && h[pos] != ',')) {
666             error_setg(errp, "error parsing to= argument");
667             return -1;
668         }
669         addr->has_to = true;
670         addr->to = to;
671     }
672     begin = strstr(optstr, ",ipv4");
673     if (begin) {
674         if (inet_parse_flag("ipv4", begin + 5, &addr->ipv4, errp) < 0) {
675             return -1;
676         }
677         addr->has_ipv4 = true;
678     }
679     begin = strstr(optstr, ",ipv6");
680     if (begin) {
681         if (inet_parse_flag("ipv6", begin + 5, &addr->ipv6, errp) < 0) {
682             return -1;
683         }
684         addr->has_ipv6 = true;
685     }
686     begin = strstr(optstr, ",keep-alive");
687     if (begin) {
688         if (inet_parse_flag("keep-alive", begin + strlen(",keep-alive"),
689                             &addr->keep_alive, errp) < 0)
690         {
691             return -1;
692         }
693         addr->has_keep_alive = true;
694     }
695 #ifdef HAVE_IPPROTO_MPTCP
696     begin = strstr(optstr, ",mptcp");
697     if (begin) {
698         if (inet_parse_flag("mptcp", begin + strlen(",mptcp"),
699                             &addr->mptcp, errp) < 0)
700         {
701             return -1;
702         }
703         addr->has_mptcp = true;
704     }
705 #endif
706     return 0;
707 }
708 
709 
710 /**
711  * Create a blocking socket and connect it to an address.
712  *
713  * @str: address string
714  * @errp: set in case of an error
715  *
716  * Returns -1 in case of error, file descriptor on success
717  **/
718 int inet_connect(const char *str, Error **errp)
719 {
720     int sock = -1;
721     InetSocketAddress *addr = g_new(InetSocketAddress, 1);
722 
723     if (!inet_parse(addr, str, errp)) {
724         sock = inet_connect_saddr(addr, errp);
725     }
726     qapi_free_InetSocketAddress(addr);
727     return sock;
728 }
729 
730 #ifdef CONFIG_AF_VSOCK
731 static bool vsock_parse_vaddr_to_sockaddr(const VsockSocketAddress *vaddr,
732                                           struct sockaddr_vm *svm,
733                                           Error **errp)
734 {
735     uint64_t val;
736 
737     memset(svm, 0, sizeof(*svm));
738     svm->svm_family = AF_VSOCK;
739 
740     if (parse_uint_full(vaddr->cid, 10, &val) < 0 ||
741         val > UINT32_MAX) {
742         error_setg(errp, "Failed to parse cid '%s'", vaddr->cid);
743         return false;
744     }
745     svm->svm_cid = val;
746 
747     if (parse_uint_full(vaddr->port, 10, &val) < 0 ||
748         val > UINT32_MAX) {
749         error_setg(errp, "Failed to parse port '%s'", vaddr->port);
750         return false;
751     }
752     svm->svm_port = val;
753 
754     return true;
755 }
756 
757 static int vsock_connect_addr(const VsockSocketAddress *vaddr,
758                               const struct sockaddr_vm *svm, Error **errp)
759 {
760     int sock, rc;
761 
762     sock = qemu_socket(AF_VSOCK, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
763     if (sock < 0) {
764         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to create socket family %d",
765                          AF_VSOCK);
766         return -1;
767     }
768 
769     /* connect to peer */
770     do {
771         rc = 0;
772         if (connect(sock, (const struct sockaddr *)svm, sizeof(*svm)) < 0) {
773             rc = -errno;
774         }
775     } while (rc == -EINTR);
776 
777     if (rc < 0) {
778         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to connect to '%s:%s'",
779                          vaddr->cid, vaddr->port);
780         close(sock);
781         return -1;
782     }
783 
784     return sock;
785 }
786 
787 static int vsock_connect_saddr(VsockSocketAddress *vaddr, Error **errp)
788 {
789     struct sockaddr_vm svm;
790 
791     if (!vsock_parse_vaddr_to_sockaddr(vaddr, &svm, errp)) {
792         return -1;
793     }
794 
795     return vsock_connect_addr(vaddr, &svm, errp);
796 }
797 
798 static int vsock_listen_saddr(VsockSocketAddress *vaddr,
799                               int num,
800                               Error **errp)
801 {
802     struct sockaddr_vm svm;
803     int slisten;
804 
805     if (!vsock_parse_vaddr_to_sockaddr(vaddr, &svm, errp)) {
806         return -1;
807     }
808 
809     slisten = qemu_socket(AF_VSOCK, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
810     if (slisten < 0) {
811         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to create socket");
812         return -1;
813     }
814 
815     if (bind(slisten, (const struct sockaddr *)&svm, sizeof(svm)) != 0) {
816         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to bind socket");
817         close(slisten);
818         return -1;
819     }
820 
821     if (listen(slisten, num) != 0) {
822         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to listen on socket");
823         close(slisten);
824         return -1;
825     }
826     return slisten;
827 }
828 
829 static int vsock_parse(VsockSocketAddress *addr, const char *str,
830                        Error **errp)
831 {
832     char cid[33];
833     char port[33];
834     int n;
835 
836     if (sscanf(str, "%32[^:]:%32[^,]%n", cid, port, &n) != 2) {
837         error_setg(errp, "error parsing address '%s'", str);
838         return -1;
839     }
840     if (str[n] != '\0') {
841         error_setg(errp, "trailing characters in address '%s'", str);
842         return -1;
843     }
844 
845     addr->cid = g_strdup(cid);
846     addr->port = g_strdup(port);
847     return 0;
848 }
849 #else
850 static void vsock_unsupported(Error **errp)
851 {
852     error_setg(errp, "socket family AF_VSOCK unsupported");
853 }
854 
855 static int vsock_connect_saddr(VsockSocketAddress *vaddr, Error **errp)
856 {
857     vsock_unsupported(errp);
858     return -1;
859 }
860 
861 static int vsock_listen_saddr(VsockSocketAddress *vaddr,
862                               int num,
863                               Error **errp)
864 {
865     vsock_unsupported(errp);
866     return -1;
867 }
868 
869 static int vsock_parse(VsockSocketAddress *addr, const char *str,
870                         Error **errp)
871 {
872     vsock_unsupported(errp);
873     return -1;
874 }
875 #endif /* CONFIG_AF_VSOCK */
876 
877 static bool saddr_is_abstract(UnixSocketAddress *saddr)
878 {
879 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX
880     return saddr->abstract;
881 #else
882     return false;
883 #endif
884 }
885 
886 static bool saddr_is_tight(UnixSocketAddress *saddr)
887 {
888 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX
889     return !saddr->has_tight || saddr->tight;
890 #else
891     return false;
892 #endif
893 }
894 
895 static int unix_listen_saddr(UnixSocketAddress *saddr,
896                              int num,
897                              Error **errp)
898 {
899     bool abstract = saddr_is_abstract(saddr);
900     struct sockaddr_un un;
901     int sock, fd;
902     char *pathbuf = NULL;
903     const char *path;
904     size_t pathlen;
905     size_t addrlen;
906 
907     sock = qemu_socket(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
908     if (sock < 0) {
909         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to create Unix socket");
910         return -1;
911     }
912 
913     if (saddr->path[0] || abstract) {
914         path = saddr->path;
915     } else {
916         path = pathbuf = g_strdup_printf("%s/qemu-socket-XXXXXX",
917                                          g_get_tmp_dir());
918     }
919 
920     pathlen = strlen(path);
921     if (pathlen > sizeof(un.sun_path) ||
922         (abstract && pathlen > (sizeof(un.sun_path) - 1))) {
923         error_setg(errp, "UNIX socket path '%s' is too long", path);
924         error_append_hint(errp, "Path must be less than %zu bytes\n",
925                           abstract ? sizeof(un.sun_path) - 1 :
926                           sizeof(un.sun_path));
927         goto err;
928     }
929 
930     if (pathbuf != NULL) {
931         /*
932          * This dummy fd usage silences the mktemp() insecure warning.
933          * Using mkstemp() doesn't make things more secure here
934          * though.  bind() complains about existing files, so we have
935          * to unlink first and thus re-open the race window.  The
936          * worst case possible is bind() failing, i.e. a DoS attack.
937          */
938         fd = mkstemp(pathbuf);
939         if (fd < 0) {
940             error_setg_errno(errp, errno,
941                              "Failed to make a temporary socket %s", pathbuf);
942             goto err;
943         }
944         close(fd);
945     }
946 
947     if (!abstract && unlink(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
948         error_setg_errno(errp, errno,
949                          "Failed to unlink socket %s", path);
950         goto err;
951     }
952 
953     memset(&un, 0, sizeof(un));
954     un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
955     addrlen = sizeof(un);
956 
957     if (abstract) {
958         un.sun_path[0] = '\0';
959         memcpy(&un.sun_path[1], path, pathlen);
960         if (saddr_is_tight(saddr)) {
961             addrlen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + pathlen;
962         }
963     } else {
964         memcpy(un.sun_path, path, pathlen);
965     }
966 
967     if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &un, addrlen) < 0) {
968         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to bind socket to %s", path);
969         goto err;
970     }
971     if (listen(sock, num) < 0) {
972         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to listen on socket");
973         goto err;
974     }
975 
976     g_free(pathbuf);
977     return sock;
978 
979 err:
980     g_free(pathbuf);
981     close(sock);
982     return -1;
983 }
984 
985 static int unix_connect_saddr(UnixSocketAddress *saddr, Error **errp)
986 {
987     bool abstract = saddr_is_abstract(saddr);
988     struct sockaddr_un un;
989     int sock, rc;
990     size_t pathlen;
991     size_t addrlen;
992 
993     if (saddr->path == NULL) {
994         error_setg(errp, "unix connect: no path specified");
995         return -1;
996     }
997 
998     sock = qemu_socket(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
999     if (sock < 0) {
1000         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to create socket");
1001         return -1;
1002     }
1003 
1004     pathlen = strlen(saddr->path);
1005     if (pathlen > sizeof(un.sun_path) ||
1006         (abstract && pathlen > (sizeof(un.sun_path) - 1))) {
1007         error_setg(errp, "UNIX socket path '%s' is too long", saddr->path);
1008         error_append_hint(errp, "Path must be less than %zu bytes\n",
1009                           abstract ? sizeof(un.sun_path) - 1 :
1010                           sizeof(un.sun_path));
1011         goto err;
1012     }
1013 
1014     memset(&un, 0, sizeof(un));
1015     un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
1016     addrlen = sizeof(un);
1017 
1018     if (abstract) {
1019         un.sun_path[0] = '\0';
1020         memcpy(&un.sun_path[1], saddr->path, pathlen);
1021         if (saddr_is_tight(saddr)) {
1022             addrlen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + pathlen;
1023         }
1024     } else {
1025         memcpy(un.sun_path, saddr->path, pathlen);
1026     }
1027     /* connect to peer */
1028     do {
1029         rc = 0;
1030         if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &un, addrlen) < 0) {
1031             rc = -errno;
1032         }
1033     } while (rc == -EINTR);
1034 
1035     if (rc < 0) {
1036         error_setg_errno(errp, -rc, "Failed to connect to '%s'",
1037                          saddr->path);
1038         goto err;
1039     }
1040 
1041     return sock;
1042 
1043  err:
1044     close(sock);
1045     return -1;
1046 }
1047 
1048 /* compatibility wrapper */
1049 int unix_listen(const char *str, Error **errp)
1050 {
1051     UnixSocketAddress *saddr;
1052     int sock;
1053 
1054     saddr = g_new0(UnixSocketAddress, 1);
1055     saddr->path = g_strdup(str);
1056     sock = unix_listen_saddr(saddr, 1, errp);
1057     qapi_free_UnixSocketAddress(saddr);
1058     return sock;
1059 }
1060 
1061 int unix_connect(const char *path, Error **errp)
1062 {
1063     UnixSocketAddress *saddr;
1064     int sock;
1065 
1066     saddr = g_new0(UnixSocketAddress, 1);
1067     saddr->path = g_strdup(path);
1068     sock = unix_connect_saddr(saddr, errp);
1069     qapi_free_UnixSocketAddress(saddr);
1070     return sock;
1071 }
1072 
1073 char *socket_uri(SocketAddress *addr)
1074 {
1075     switch (addr->type) {
1076     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET:
1077         return g_strdup_printf("tcp:%s:%s",
1078                                addr->u.inet.host,
1079                                addr->u.inet.port);
1080     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX:
1081         return g_strdup_printf("unix:%s",
1082                                addr->u.q_unix.path);
1083     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_FD:
1084         return g_strdup_printf("fd:%s", addr->u.fd.str);
1085     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_VSOCK:
1086         return g_strdup_printf("vsock:%s:%s",
1087                                addr->u.vsock.cid,
1088                                addr->u.vsock.port);
1089     default:
1090         return g_strdup("unknown address type");
1091     }
1092 }
1093 
1094 SocketAddress *socket_parse(const char *str, Error **errp)
1095 {
1096     SocketAddress *addr;
1097 
1098     addr = g_new0(SocketAddress, 1);
1099     if (strstart(str, "unix:", NULL)) {
1100         if (str[5] == '\0') {
1101             error_setg(errp, "invalid Unix socket address");
1102             goto fail;
1103         } else {
1104             addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX;
1105             addr->u.q_unix.path = g_strdup(str + 5);
1106         }
1107     } else if (strstart(str, "fd:", NULL)) {
1108         if (str[3] == '\0') {
1109             error_setg(errp, "invalid file descriptor address");
1110             goto fail;
1111         } else {
1112             addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_FD;
1113             addr->u.fd.str = g_strdup(str + 3);
1114         }
1115     } else if (strstart(str, "vsock:", NULL)) {
1116         addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_VSOCK;
1117         if (vsock_parse(&addr->u.vsock, str + strlen("vsock:"), errp)) {
1118             goto fail;
1119         }
1120     } else if (strstart(str, "tcp:", NULL)) {
1121         addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET;
1122         if (inet_parse(&addr->u.inet, str + strlen("tcp:"), errp)) {
1123             goto fail;
1124         }
1125     } else {
1126         addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET;
1127         if (inet_parse(&addr->u.inet, str, errp)) {
1128             goto fail;
1129         }
1130     }
1131     return addr;
1132 
1133 fail:
1134     qapi_free_SocketAddress(addr);
1135     return NULL;
1136 }
1137 
1138 static int socket_get_fd(const char *fdstr, Error **errp)
1139 {
1140     Monitor *cur_mon = monitor_cur();
1141     int fd;
1142     if (cur_mon) {
1143         fd = monitor_get_fd(cur_mon, fdstr, errp);
1144         if (fd < 0) {
1145             return -1;
1146         }
1147     } else {
1148         if (qemu_strtoi(fdstr, NULL, 10, &fd) < 0) {
1149             error_setg_errno(errp, errno,
1150                              "Unable to parse FD number %s",
1151                              fdstr);
1152             return -1;
1153         }
1154     }
1155     if (!fd_is_socket(fd)) {
1156         error_setg(errp, "File descriptor '%s' is not a socket", fdstr);
1157         close(fd);
1158         return -1;
1159     }
1160     return fd;
1161 }
1162 
1163 int socket_address_parse_named_fd(SocketAddress *addr, Error **errp)
1164 {
1165     int fd;
1166 
1167     if (addr->type != SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_FD) {
1168         return 0;
1169     }
1170 
1171     fd = socket_get_fd(addr->u.fd.str, errp);
1172     if (fd < 0) {
1173         return fd;
1174     }
1175 
1176     g_free(addr->u.fd.str);
1177     addr->u.fd.str = g_strdup_printf("%d", fd);
1178 
1179     return 0;
1180 }
1181 
1182 int socket_connect(SocketAddress *addr, Error **errp)
1183 {
1184     int fd;
1185 
1186     switch (addr->type) {
1187     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET:
1188         fd = inet_connect_saddr(&addr->u.inet, errp);
1189         break;
1190 
1191     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX:
1192         fd = unix_connect_saddr(&addr->u.q_unix, errp);
1193         break;
1194 
1195     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_FD:
1196         fd = socket_get_fd(addr->u.fd.str, errp);
1197         break;
1198 
1199     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_VSOCK:
1200         fd = vsock_connect_saddr(&addr->u.vsock, errp);
1201         break;
1202 
1203     default:
1204         abort();
1205     }
1206     return fd;
1207 }
1208 
1209 int socket_listen(SocketAddress *addr, int num, Error **errp)
1210 {
1211     int fd;
1212 
1213     trace_socket_listen(num);
1214     switch (addr->type) {
1215     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET:
1216         fd = inet_listen_saddr(&addr->u.inet, 0, num, errp);
1217         break;
1218 
1219     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX:
1220         fd = unix_listen_saddr(&addr->u.q_unix, num, errp);
1221         break;
1222 
1223     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_FD:
1224         fd = socket_get_fd(addr->u.fd.str, errp);
1225         if (fd < 0) {
1226             return -1;
1227         }
1228 
1229         /*
1230          * If the socket is not yet in the listen state, then transition it to
1231          * the listen state now.
1232          *
1233          * If it's already listening then this updates the backlog value as
1234          * requested.
1235          *
1236          * If this socket cannot listen because it's already in another state
1237          * (e.g. unbound or connected) then we'll catch the error here.
1238          */
1239         if (listen(fd, num) != 0) {
1240             error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Failed to listen on fd socket");
1241             close(fd);
1242             return -1;
1243         }
1244         break;
1245 
1246     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_VSOCK:
1247         fd = vsock_listen_saddr(&addr->u.vsock, num, errp);
1248         break;
1249 
1250     default:
1251         abort();
1252     }
1253     return fd;
1254 }
1255 
1256 void socket_listen_cleanup(int fd, Error **errp)
1257 {
1258     SocketAddress *addr;
1259 
1260     addr = socket_local_address(fd, errp);
1261     if (!addr) {
1262         return;
1263     }
1264 
1265     if (addr->type == SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX
1266         && addr->u.q_unix.path) {
1267         if (unlink(addr->u.q_unix.path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
1268             error_setg_errno(errp, errno,
1269                              "Failed to unlink socket %s",
1270                              addr->u.q_unix.path);
1271         }
1272     }
1273 
1274     qapi_free_SocketAddress(addr);
1275 }
1276 
1277 int socket_dgram(SocketAddress *remote, SocketAddress *local, Error **errp)
1278 {
1279     int fd;
1280 
1281     /*
1282      * TODO SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_FD when fd is AF_INET or AF_INET6
1283      * (although other address families can do SOCK_DGRAM, too)
1284      */
1285     switch (remote->type) {
1286     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET:
1287         fd = inet_dgram_saddr(&remote->u.inet,
1288                               local ? &local->u.inet : NULL, errp);
1289         break;
1290 
1291     default:
1292         error_setg(errp, "socket type unsupported for datagram");
1293         fd = -1;
1294     }
1295     return fd;
1296 }
1297 
1298 
1299 static SocketAddress *
1300 socket_sockaddr_to_address_inet(struct sockaddr_storage *sa,
1301                                 socklen_t salen,
1302                                 Error **errp)
1303 {
1304     char host[NI_MAXHOST];
1305     char serv[NI_MAXSERV];
1306     SocketAddress *addr;
1307     InetSocketAddress *inet;
1308     int ret;
1309 
1310     ret = getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)sa, salen,
1311                       host, sizeof(host),
1312                       serv, sizeof(serv),
1313                       NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV);
1314     if (ret != 0) {
1315         error_setg(errp, "Cannot format numeric socket address: %s",
1316                    gai_strerror(ret));
1317         return NULL;
1318     }
1319 
1320     addr = g_new0(SocketAddress, 1);
1321     addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET;
1322     inet = &addr->u.inet;
1323     inet->host = g_strdup(host);
1324     inet->port = g_strdup(serv);
1325     if (sa->ss_family == AF_INET) {
1326         inet->has_ipv4 = inet->ipv4 = true;
1327     } else {
1328         inet->has_ipv6 = inet->ipv6 = true;
1329     }
1330 
1331     return addr;
1332 }
1333 
1334 
1335 static SocketAddress *
1336 socket_sockaddr_to_address_unix(struct sockaddr_storage *sa,
1337                                 socklen_t salen,
1338                                 Error **errp)
1339 {
1340     SocketAddress *addr;
1341     struct sockaddr_un *su = (struct sockaddr_un *)sa;
1342 
1343     addr = g_new0(SocketAddress, 1);
1344     addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX;
1345     salen -= offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path);
1346 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX
1347     if (salen > 0 && !su->sun_path[0]) {
1348         /* Linux abstract socket */
1349         addr->u.q_unix.path = g_strndup(su->sun_path + 1, salen - 1);
1350         addr->u.q_unix.has_abstract = true;
1351         addr->u.q_unix.abstract = true;
1352         addr->u.q_unix.has_tight = true;
1353         addr->u.q_unix.tight = salen < sizeof(su->sun_path);
1354         return addr;
1355     }
1356 #endif
1357 
1358     addr->u.q_unix.path = g_strndup(su->sun_path, salen);
1359     return addr;
1360 }
1361 
1362 #ifdef CONFIG_AF_VSOCK
1363 static SocketAddress *
1364 socket_sockaddr_to_address_vsock(struct sockaddr_storage *sa,
1365                                  socklen_t salen,
1366                                  Error **errp)
1367 {
1368     SocketAddress *addr;
1369     VsockSocketAddress *vaddr;
1370     struct sockaddr_vm *svm = (struct sockaddr_vm *)sa;
1371 
1372     addr = g_new0(SocketAddress, 1);
1373     addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_VSOCK;
1374     vaddr = &addr->u.vsock;
1375     vaddr->cid = g_strdup_printf("%u", svm->svm_cid);
1376     vaddr->port = g_strdup_printf("%u", svm->svm_port);
1377 
1378     return addr;
1379 }
1380 #endif /* CONFIG_AF_VSOCK */
1381 
1382 SocketAddress *
1383 socket_sockaddr_to_address(struct sockaddr_storage *sa,
1384                            socklen_t salen,
1385                            Error **errp)
1386 {
1387     switch (sa->ss_family) {
1388     case AF_INET:
1389     case AF_INET6:
1390         return socket_sockaddr_to_address_inet(sa, salen, errp);
1391 
1392     case AF_UNIX:
1393         return socket_sockaddr_to_address_unix(sa, salen, errp);
1394 
1395 #ifdef CONFIG_AF_VSOCK
1396     case AF_VSOCK:
1397         return socket_sockaddr_to_address_vsock(sa, salen, errp);
1398 #endif
1399 
1400     default:
1401         error_setg(errp, "socket family %d unsupported",
1402                    sa->ss_family);
1403         return NULL;
1404     }
1405     return 0;
1406 }
1407 
1408 
1409 SocketAddress *socket_local_address(int fd, Error **errp)
1410 {
1411     struct sockaddr_storage ss;
1412     socklen_t sslen = sizeof(ss);
1413 
1414     if (getsockname(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&ss, &sslen) < 0) {
1415         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "%s",
1416                          "Unable to query local socket address");
1417         return NULL;
1418     }
1419 
1420     return socket_sockaddr_to_address(&ss, sslen, errp);
1421 }
1422 
1423 
1424 SocketAddress *socket_remote_address(int fd, Error **errp)
1425 {
1426     struct sockaddr_storage ss;
1427     socklen_t sslen = sizeof(ss);
1428 
1429     if (getpeername(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&ss, &sslen) < 0) {
1430         error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "%s",
1431                          "Unable to query remote socket address");
1432         return NULL;
1433     }
1434 
1435     return socket_sockaddr_to_address(&ss, sslen, errp);
1436 }
1437 
1438 
1439 SocketAddress *socket_address_flatten(SocketAddressLegacy *addr_legacy)
1440 {
1441     SocketAddress *addr;
1442 
1443     if (!addr_legacy) {
1444         return NULL;
1445     }
1446 
1447     addr = g_new(SocketAddress, 1);
1448 
1449     switch (addr_legacy->type) {
1450     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET:
1451         addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET;
1452         QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(InetSocketAddress, &addr->u.inet,
1453                            addr_legacy->u.inet.data);
1454         break;
1455     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX:
1456         addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX;
1457         QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(UnixSocketAddress, &addr->u.q_unix,
1458                            addr_legacy->u.q_unix.data);
1459         break;
1460     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_VSOCK:
1461         addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_VSOCK;
1462         QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(VsockSocketAddress, &addr->u.vsock,
1463                            addr_legacy->u.vsock.data);
1464         break;
1465     case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_FD:
1466         addr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_FD;
1467         QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(String, &addr->u.fd, addr_legacy->u.fd.data);
1468         break;
1469     default:
1470         abort();
1471     }
1472 
1473     return addr;
1474 }
1475