tests/docker/docker.py

#!/usr/bin/env python2
#
# Docker controlling module
#
# Copyright (c) 2016 Red Hat Inc.
#
# Authors:
#  Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
#
# This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2
# or (at your option) any later version. See the COPYING file in
# the top-level directory.

from __future__ import print_function
import os
import sys
import subprocess
import json
import hashlib
import atexit
import uuid
import argparse
import tempfile
import re
import signal
from tarfile import TarFile, TarInfo
try:
    from StringIO import StringIO
except ImportError:
    from io import StringIO
from shutil import copy, rmtree
from pwd import getpwuid
from datetime import datetime,timedelta


FILTERED_ENV_NAMES = ['ftp_proxy', 'http_proxy', 'https_proxy']


DEVNULL = open(os.devnull, 'wb')


def _text_checksum(text):
    """Calculate a digest string unique to the text content"""
    return hashlib.sha1(text).hexdigest()

def _file_checksum(filename):
    return _text_checksum(open(filename, 'rb').read())

def _guess_docker_command():
    """ Guess a working docker command or raise exception if not found"""
    commands = [["docker"], ["sudo", "-n", "docker"]]
    for cmd in commands:
        try:
            # docker version will return the client details in stdout
            # but still report a status of 1 if it can't contact the daemon
            if subprocess.call(cmd + ["version"],
                               stdout=DEVNULL, stderr=DEVNULL) == 0:
                return cmd
        except OSError:
            pass
    commands_txt = "\n".join(["  " + " ".join(x) for x in commands])
    raise Exception("Cannot find working docker command. Tried:\n%s" % \
                    commands_txt)

def _copy_with_mkdir(src, root_dir, sub_path='.'):
    """Copy src into root_dir, creating sub_path as needed."""
    dest_dir = os.path.normpath("%s/%s" % (root_dir, sub_path))
    try:
        os.makedirs(dest_dir)
    except OSError:
        # we can safely ignore already created directories
        pass

    dest_file = "%s/%s" % (dest_dir, os.path.basename(src))
    copy(src, dest_file)


def _get_so_libs(executable):
    """Return a list of libraries associated with an executable.

    The paths may be symbolic links which would need to be resolved to
    ensure theright data is copied."""

    libs = []
    ldd_re = re.compile(r"(/.*/)(\S*)")
    try:
        ldd_output = subprocess.check_output(["ldd", executable])
        for line in ldd_output.split("\n"):
            search = ldd_re.search(line)
            if search and len(search.groups()) == 2:
                so_path = search.groups()[0]
                so_lib = search.groups()[1]
                libs.append("%s/%s" % (so_path, so_lib))
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
        print("%s had no associated libraries (static build?)" % (executable))

    return libs

def _copy_binary_with_libs(src, dest_dir):
    """Copy a binary executable and all its dependant libraries.

    This does rely on the host file-system being fairly multi-arch
    aware so the file don't clash with the guests layout."""

    _copy_with_mkdir(src, dest_dir, "/usr/bin")

    libs = _get_so_libs(src)
    if libs:
        for l in libs:
            so_path = os.path.dirname(l)
            _copy_with_mkdir(l , dest_dir, so_path)


def _check_binfmt_misc(executable):
    """Check binfmt_misc has entry for executable in the right place.

    The details of setting up binfmt_misc are outside the scope of
    this script but we should at least fail early with a useful
    message if it won't work."""

    binary = os.path.basename(executable)
    binfmt_entry = "/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/%s" % (binary)

    if not os.path.exists(binfmt_entry):
        print ("No binfmt_misc entry for %s" % (binary))
        return False

    with open(binfmt_entry) as x: entry = x.read()

    qpath = "/usr/bin/%s" % (binary)
    if not re.search("interpreter %s\n" % (qpath), entry):
        print ("binfmt_misc for %s does not point to %s" % (binary, qpath))
        return False

    return True


def _read_qemu_dockerfile(img_name):
    # special case for Debian linux-user images
    if img_name.startswith("debian") and img_name.endswith("user"):
        img_name = "debian-bootstrap"

    df = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "dockerfiles",
                      img_name + ".docker")
    return open(df, "r").read()

def _dockerfile_preprocess(df):
    out = ""
    for l in df.splitlines():
        if len(l.strip()) == 0 or l.startswith("#"):
            continue
        from_pref = "FROM qemu:"
        if l.startswith(from_pref):
            # TODO: Alternatively we could replace this line with "FROM $ID"
            # where $ID is the image's hex id obtained with
            #    $ docker images $IMAGE --format="{{.Id}}"
            # but unfortunately that's not supported by RHEL 7.
            inlining = _read_qemu_dockerfile(l[len(from_pref):])
            out += _dockerfile_preprocess(inlining)
            continue
        out += l + "\n"
    return out

class Docker(object):
    """ Running Docker commands """
    def __init__(self):
        self._command = _guess_docker_command()
        self._instances = []
        atexit.register(self._kill_instances)
        signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, self._kill_instances)
        signal.signal(signal.SIGHUP, self._kill_instances)

    def _do(self, cmd, quiet=True, **kwargs):
        if quiet:
            kwargs["stdout"] = DEVNULL
        return subprocess.call(self._command + cmd, **kwargs)

    def _do_check(self, cmd, quiet=True, **kwargs):
        if quiet:
            kwargs["stdout"] = DEVNULL
        return subprocess.check_call(self._command + cmd, **kwargs)

    def _do_kill_instances(self, only_known, only_active=True):
        cmd = ["ps", "-q"]
        if not only_active:
            cmd.append("-a")
        for i in self._output(cmd).split():
            resp = self._output(["inspect", i])
            labels = json.loads(resp)[0]["Config"]["Labels"]
            active = json.loads(resp)[0]["State"]["Running"]
            if not labels:
                continue
            instance_uuid = labels.get("com.qemu.instance.uuid", None)
            if not instance_uuid:
                continue
            if only_known and instance_uuid not in self._instances:
                continue
            print("Terminating", i)
            if active:
                self._do(["kill", i])
            self._do(["rm", i])

    def clean(self):
        self._do_kill_instances(False, False)
        return 0

    def _kill_instances(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return self._do_kill_instances(True)

    def _output(self, cmd, **kwargs):
        return subprocess.check_output(self._command + cmd,
                                       stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
                                       **kwargs)

    def inspect_tag(self, tag):
        try:
            return self._output(["inspect", tag])
        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
            return None

    def get_image_creation_time(self, info):
        return json.loads(info)[0]["Created"]

    def get_image_dockerfile_checksum(self, tag):
        resp = self.inspect_tag(tag)
        labels = json.loads(resp)[0]["Config"].get("Labels", {})
        return labels.get("com.qemu.dockerfile-checksum", "")

    def build_image(self, tag, docker_dir, dockerfile,
                    quiet=True, user=False, argv=None, extra_files_cksum=[]):
        if argv == None:
            argv = []

        tmp_df = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(dir=docker_dir, suffix=".docker")
        tmp_df.write(dockerfile)

        if user:
            uid = os.getuid()
            uname = getpwuid(uid).pw_name
            tmp_df.write("\n")
            tmp_df.write("RUN id %s 2>/dev/null || useradd -u %d -U %s" %
                         (uname, uid, uname))

        tmp_df.write("\n")
        tmp_df.write("LABEL com.qemu.dockerfile-checksum=%s" %
                     _text_checksum(_dockerfile_preprocess(dockerfile)))
        for f, c in extra_files_cksum:
            tmp_df.write("LABEL com.qemu.%s-checksum=%s" % (f, c))

        tmp_df.flush()

        self._do_check(["build", "-t", tag, "-f", tmp_df.name] + argv + \
                       [docker_dir],
                       quiet=quiet)

    def update_image(self, tag, tarball, quiet=True):
        "Update a tagged image using "

        self._do_check(["build", "-t", tag, "-"], quiet=quiet, stdin=tarball)

    def image_matches_dockerfile(self, tag, dockerfile):
        try:
            checksum = self.get_image_dockerfile_checksum(tag)
        except Exception:
            return False
        return checksum == _text_checksum(_dockerfile_preprocess(dockerfile))

    def run(self, cmd, keep, quiet):
        label = uuid.uuid1().hex
        if not keep:
            self._instances.append(label)
        ret = self._do_check(["run", "--label",
                             "com.qemu.instance.uuid=" + label] + cmd,
                             quiet=quiet)
        if not keep:
            self._instances.remove(label)
        return ret

    def command(self, cmd, argv, quiet):
        return self._do([cmd] + argv, quiet=quiet)

class SubCommand(object):
    """A SubCommand template base class"""
    name = None # Subcommand name
    def shared_args(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument("--quiet", action="store_true",
                            help="Run quietly unless an error occured")

    def args(self, parser):
        """Setup argument parser"""
        pass
    def run(self, args, argv):
        """Run command.
        args: parsed argument by argument parser.
        argv: remaining arguments from sys.argv.
        """
        pass

class RunCommand(SubCommand):
    """Invoke docker run and take care of cleaning up"""
    name = "run"
    def args(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument("--keep", action="store_true",
                            help="Don't remove image when command completes")
    def run(self, args, argv):
        return Docker().run(argv, args.keep, quiet=args.quiet)

class BuildCommand(SubCommand):
    """ Build docker image out of a dockerfile. Arguments: <tag> <dockerfile>"""
    name = "build"
    def args(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument("--include-executable", "-e",
                            help="""Specify a binary that will be copied to the
                            container together with all its dependent
                            libraries""")
        parser.add_argument("--extra-files", "-f", nargs='*',
                            help="""Specify files that will be copied in the
                            Docker image, fulfilling the ADD directive from the
                            Dockerfile""")
        parser.add_argument("--add-current-user", "-u", dest="user",
                            action="store_true",
                            help="Add the current user to image's passwd")
        parser.add_argument("tag",
                            help="Image Tag")
        parser.add_argument("dockerfile",
                            help="Dockerfile name")

    def run(self, args, argv):
        dockerfile = open(args.dockerfile, "rb").read()
        tag = args.tag

        dkr = Docker()
        if "--no-cache" not in argv and \
           dkr.image_matches_dockerfile(tag, dockerfile):
            if not args.quiet:
                print("Image is up to date.")
        else:
            # Create a docker context directory for the build
            docker_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="docker_build")

            # Validate binfmt_misc will work
            if args.include_executable:
                if not _check_binfmt_misc(args.include_executable):
                    return 1

            # Is there a .pre file to run in the build context?
            docker_pre = os.path.splitext(args.dockerfile)[0]+".pre"
            if os.path.exists(docker_pre):
                stdout = DEVNULL if args.quiet else None
                rc = subprocess.call(os.path.realpath(docker_pre),
                                     cwd=docker_dir, stdout=stdout)
                if rc == 3:
                    print("Skip")
                    return 0
                elif rc != 0:
                    print("%s exited with code %d" % (docker_pre, rc))
                    return 1

            # Copy any extra files into the Docker context. These can be
            # included by the use of the ADD directive in the Dockerfile.
            cksum = []
            if args.include_executable:
                # FIXME: there is no checksum of this executable and the linked
                # libraries, once the image built any change of this executable
                # or any library won't trigger another build.
                _copy_binary_with_libs(args.include_executable, docker_dir)
            for filename in args.extra_files or []:
                _copy_with_mkdir(filename, docker_dir)
                cksum += [(filename, _file_checksum(filename))]

            argv += ["--build-arg=" + k.lower() + "=" + v
                        for k, v in os.environ.iteritems()
                        if k.lower() in FILTERED_ENV_NAMES]
            dkr.build_image(tag, docker_dir, dockerfile,
                            quiet=args.quiet, user=args.user, argv=argv,
                            extra_files_cksum=cksum)

            rmtree(docker_dir)

        return 0

class UpdateCommand(SubCommand):
    """ Update a docker image with new executables. Arguments: <tag> <executable>"""
    name = "update"
    def args(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument("tag",
                            help="Image Tag")
        parser.add_argument("executable",
                            help="Executable to copy")

    def run(self, args, argv):
        # Create a temporary tarball with our whole build context and
        # dockerfile for the update
        tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix="dckr.tar.gz")
        tmp_tar = TarFile(fileobj=tmp, mode='w')

        # Add the executable to the tarball
        bn = os.path.basename(args.executable)
        ff = "/usr/bin/%s" % bn
        tmp_tar.add(args.executable, arcname=ff)

        # Add any associated libraries
        libs = _get_so_libs(args.executable)
        if libs:
            for l in libs:
                tmp_tar.add(os.path.realpath(l), arcname=l)

        # Create a Docker buildfile
        df = StringIO()
        df.write("FROM %s\n" % args.tag)
        df.write("ADD . /\n")
        df.seek(0)

        df_tar = TarInfo(name="Dockerfile")
        df_tar.size = len(df.buf)
        tmp_tar.addfile(df_tar, fileobj=df)

        tmp_tar.close()

        # reset the file pointers
        tmp.flush()
        tmp.seek(0)

        # Run the build with our tarball context
        dkr = Docker()
        dkr.update_image(args.tag, tmp, quiet=args.quiet)

        return 0

class CleanCommand(SubCommand):
    """Clean up docker instances"""
    name = "clean"
    def run(self, args, argv):
        Docker().clean()
        return 0

class ImagesCommand(SubCommand):
    """Run "docker images" command"""
    name = "images"
    def run(self, args, argv):
        return Docker().command("images", argv, args.quiet)


class ProbeCommand(SubCommand):
    """Probe if we can run docker automatically"""
    name = "probe"

    def run(self, args, argv):
        try:
            docker = Docker()
            if docker._command[0] == "docker":
                print("yes")
            elif docker._command[0] == "sudo":
                print("sudo")
        except Exception:
            print("no")

        return


class CcCommand(SubCommand):
    """Compile sources with cc in images"""
    name = "cc"

    def args(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument("--image", "-i", required=True,
                            help="The docker image in which to run cc")
        parser.add_argument("--cc", default="cc",
                            help="The compiler executable to call")
        parser.add_argument("--user",
                            help="The user-id to run under")
        parser.add_argument("--source-path", "-s", nargs="*", dest="paths",
                            help="""Extra paths to (ro) mount into container for
                            reading sources""")

    def run(self, args, argv):
        if argv and argv[0] == "--":
            argv = argv[1:]
        cwd = os.getcwd()
        cmd = ["--rm", "-w", cwd,
               "-v", "%s:%s:rw" % (cwd, cwd)]
        if args.paths:
            for p in args.paths:
                cmd += ["-v", "%s:%s:ro,z" % (p, p)]
        if args.user:
            cmd += ["-u", args.user]
        cmd += [args.image, args.cc]
        cmd += argv
        return Docker().command("run", cmd, args.quiet)


class CheckCommand(SubCommand):
    """Check if we need to re-build a docker image out of a dockerfile.
    Arguments: <tag> <dockerfile>"""
    name = "check"

    def args(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument("tag",
                            help="Image Tag")
        parser.add_argument("dockerfile", default=None,
                            help="Dockerfile name", nargs='?')
        parser.add_argument("--checktype", choices=["checksum", "age"],
                            default="checksum", help="check type")
        parser.add_argument("--olderthan", default=60, type=int,
                            help="number of minutes")

    def run(self, args, argv):
        tag = args.tag

        try:
            dkr = Docker()
        except:
            print("Docker not set up")
            return 1

        info = dkr.inspect_tag(tag)
        if info is None:
            print("Image does not exist")
            return 1

        if args.checktype == "checksum":
            if not args.dockerfile:
                print("Need a dockerfile for tag:%s" % (tag))
                return 1

            dockerfile = open(args.dockerfile, "rb").read()

            if dkr.image_matches_dockerfile(tag, dockerfile):
                if not args.quiet:
                    print("Image is up to date")
                return 0
            else:
                print("Image needs updating")
                return 1
        elif args.checktype == "age":
            timestr = dkr.get_image_creation_time(info).split(".")[0]
            created = datetime.strptime(timestr, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S")
            past = datetime.now() - timedelta(minutes=args.olderthan)
            if created < past:
                print ("Image created @ %s more than %d minutes old" %
                       (timestr, args.olderthan))
                return 1
            else:
                if not args.quiet:
                    print ("Image less than %d minutes old" % (args.olderthan))
                return 0


def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="A Docker helper",
            usage="%s <subcommand> ..." % os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]))
    subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(title="subcommands", help=None)
    for cls in SubCommand.__subclasses__():
        cmd = cls()
        subp = subparsers.add_parser(cmd.name, help=cmd.__doc__)
        cmd.shared_args(subp)
        cmd.args(subp)
        subp.set_defaults(cmdobj=cmd)
    args, argv = parser.parse_known_args()
    return args.cmdobj.run(args, argv)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    sys.exit(main())