1 /* 2 * S390x MMU related functions 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 2011 Alexander Graf 5 * Copyright (c) 2015 Thomas Huth, IBM Corporation 6 * 7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 9 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 10 * (at your option) any later version. 11 * 12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 15 * GNU General Public License for more details. 16 */ 17 18 #include "qemu/osdep.h" 19 #include "qemu/error-report.h" 20 #include "exec/address-spaces.h" 21 #include "cpu.h" 22 #include "s390x-internal.h" 23 #include "kvm/kvm_s390x.h" 24 #include "sysemu/kvm.h" 25 #include "sysemu/tcg.h" 26 #include "exec/exec-all.h" 27 #include "trace.h" 28 #include "hw/hw.h" 29 #include "hw/s390x/storage-keys.h" 30 #include "hw/boards.h" 31 32 /* Fetch/store bits in the translation exception code: */ 33 #define FS_READ 0x800 34 #define FS_WRITE 0x400 35 36 static void trigger_access_exception(CPUS390XState *env, uint32_t type, 37 uint64_t tec) 38 { 39 S390CPU *cpu = env_archcpu(env); 40 41 if (kvm_enabled()) { 42 kvm_s390_access_exception(cpu, type, tec); 43 } else { 44 CPUState *cs = env_cpu(env); 45 if (type != PGM_ADDRESSING) { 46 stq_phys(cs->as, env->psa + offsetof(LowCore, trans_exc_code), tec); 47 } 48 trigger_pgm_exception(env, type); 49 } 50 } 51 52 /* check whether the address would be proteted by Low-Address Protection */ 53 static bool is_low_address(uint64_t addr) 54 { 55 return addr <= 511 || (addr >= 4096 && addr <= 4607); 56 } 57 58 /* check whether Low-Address Protection is enabled for mmu_translate() */ 59 static bool lowprot_enabled(const CPUS390XState *env, uint64_t asc) 60 { 61 if (!(env->cregs[0] & CR0_LOWPROT)) { 62 return false; 63 } 64 if (!(env->psw.mask & PSW_MASK_DAT)) { 65 return true; 66 } 67 68 /* Check the private-space control bit */ 69 switch (asc) { 70 case PSW_ASC_PRIMARY: 71 return !(env->cregs[1] & ASCE_PRIVATE_SPACE); 72 case PSW_ASC_SECONDARY: 73 return !(env->cregs[7] & ASCE_PRIVATE_SPACE); 74 case PSW_ASC_HOME: 75 return !(env->cregs[13] & ASCE_PRIVATE_SPACE); 76 default: 77 /* We don't support access register mode */ 78 error_report("unsupported addressing mode"); 79 exit(1); 80 } 81 } 82 83 /** 84 * Translate real address to absolute (= physical) 85 * address by taking care of the prefix mapping. 86 */ 87 target_ulong mmu_real2abs(CPUS390XState *env, target_ulong raddr) 88 { 89 if (raddr < 0x2000) { 90 return raddr + env->psa; /* Map the lowcore. */ 91 } else if (raddr >= env->psa && raddr < env->psa + 0x2000) { 92 return raddr - env->psa; /* Map the 0 page. */ 93 } 94 return raddr; 95 } 96 97 bool mmu_absolute_addr_valid(target_ulong addr, bool is_write) 98 { 99 return address_space_access_valid(&address_space_memory, 100 addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK, 101 TARGET_PAGE_SIZE, is_write, 102 MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED); 103 } 104 105 static inline bool read_table_entry(CPUS390XState *env, hwaddr gaddr, 106 uint64_t *entry) 107 { 108 CPUState *cs = env_cpu(env); 109 110 /* 111 * According to the PoP, these table addresses are "unpredictably real 112 * or absolute". Also, "it is unpredictable whether the address wraps 113 * or an addressing exception is recognized". 114 * 115 * We treat them as absolute addresses and don't wrap them. 116 */ 117 if (unlikely(address_space_read(cs->as, gaddr, MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED, 118 entry, sizeof(*entry)) != 119 MEMTX_OK)) { 120 return false; 121 } 122 *entry = be64_to_cpu(*entry); 123 return true; 124 } 125 126 static int mmu_translate_asce(CPUS390XState *env, target_ulong vaddr, 127 uint64_t asc, uint64_t asce, target_ulong *raddr, 128 int *flags) 129 { 130 const bool edat1 = (env->cregs[0] & CR0_EDAT) && 131 s390_has_feat(S390_FEAT_EDAT); 132 const bool edat2 = edat1 && s390_has_feat(S390_FEAT_EDAT_2); 133 const bool iep = (env->cregs[0] & CR0_IEP) && 134 s390_has_feat(S390_FEAT_INSTRUCTION_EXEC_PROT); 135 const int asce_tl = asce & ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH; 136 const int asce_p = asce & ASCE_PRIVATE_SPACE; 137 hwaddr gaddr = asce & ASCE_ORIGIN; 138 uint64_t entry; 139 140 if (asce & ASCE_REAL_SPACE) { 141 /* direct mapping */ 142 *raddr = vaddr; 143 return 0; 144 } 145 146 switch (asce & ASCE_TYPE_MASK) { 147 case ASCE_TYPE_REGION1: 148 if (VADDR_REGION1_TL(vaddr) > asce_tl) { 149 return PGM_REG_FIRST_TRANS; 150 } 151 gaddr += VADDR_REGION1_TX(vaddr) * 8; 152 break; 153 case ASCE_TYPE_REGION2: 154 if (VADDR_REGION1_TX(vaddr)) { 155 return PGM_ASCE_TYPE; 156 } 157 if (VADDR_REGION2_TL(vaddr) > asce_tl) { 158 return PGM_REG_SEC_TRANS; 159 } 160 gaddr += VADDR_REGION2_TX(vaddr) * 8; 161 break; 162 case ASCE_TYPE_REGION3: 163 if (VADDR_REGION1_TX(vaddr) || VADDR_REGION2_TX(vaddr)) { 164 return PGM_ASCE_TYPE; 165 } 166 if (VADDR_REGION3_TL(vaddr) > asce_tl) { 167 return PGM_REG_THIRD_TRANS; 168 } 169 gaddr += VADDR_REGION3_TX(vaddr) * 8; 170 break; 171 case ASCE_TYPE_SEGMENT: 172 if (VADDR_REGION1_TX(vaddr) || VADDR_REGION2_TX(vaddr) || 173 VADDR_REGION3_TX(vaddr)) { 174 return PGM_ASCE_TYPE; 175 } 176 if (VADDR_SEGMENT_TL(vaddr) > asce_tl) { 177 return PGM_SEGMENT_TRANS; 178 } 179 gaddr += VADDR_SEGMENT_TX(vaddr) * 8; 180 break; 181 } 182 183 switch (asce & ASCE_TYPE_MASK) { 184 case ASCE_TYPE_REGION1: 185 if (!read_table_entry(env, gaddr, &entry)) { 186 return PGM_ADDRESSING; 187 } 188 if (entry & REGION_ENTRY_I) { 189 return PGM_REG_FIRST_TRANS; 190 } 191 if ((entry & REGION_ENTRY_TT) != REGION_ENTRY_TT_REGION1) { 192 return PGM_TRANS_SPEC; 193 } 194 if (VADDR_REGION2_TL(vaddr) < (entry & REGION_ENTRY_TF) >> 6 || 195 VADDR_REGION2_TL(vaddr) > (entry & REGION_ENTRY_TL)) { 196 return PGM_REG_SEC_TRANS; 197 } 198 if (edat1 && (entry & REGION_ENTRY_P)) { 199 *flags &= ~PAGE_WRITE; 200 } 201 gaddr = (entry & REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN) + VADDR_REGION2_TX(vaddr) * 8; 202 /* fall through */ 203 case ASCE_TYPE_REGION2: 204 if (!read_table_entry(env, gaddr, &entry)) { 205 return PGM_ADDRESSING; 206 } 207 if (entry & REGION_ENTRY_I) { 208 return PGM_REG_SEC_TRANS; 209 } 210 if ((entry & REGION_ENTRY_TT) != REGION_ENTRY_TT_REGION2) { 211 return PGM_TRANS_SPEC; 212 } 213 if (VADDR_REGION3_TL(vaddr) < (entry & REGION_ENTRY_TF) >> 6 || 214 VADDR_REGION3_TL(vaddr) > (entry & REGION_ENTRY_TL)) { 215 return PGM_REG_THIRD_TRANS; 216 } 217 if (edat1 && (entry & REGION_ENTRY_P)) { 218 *flags &= ~PAGE_WRITE; 219 } 220 gaddr = (entry & REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN) + VADDR_REGION3_TX(vaddr) * 8; 221 /* fall through */ 222 case ASCE_TYPE_REGION3: 223 if (!read_table_entry(env, gaddr, &entry)) { 224 return PGM_ADDRESSING; 225 } 226 if (entry & REGION_ENTRY_I) { 227 return PGM_REG_THIRD_TRANS; 228 } 229 if ((entry & REGION_ENTRY_TT) != REGION_ENTRY_TT_REGION3) { 230 return PGM_TRANS_SPEC; 231 } 232 if (edat2 && (entry & REGION3_ENTRY_CR) && asce_p) { 233 return PGM_TRANS_SPEC; 234 } 235 if (edat1 && (entry & REGION_ENTRY_P)) { 236 *flags &= ~PAGE_WRITE; 237 } 238 if (edat2 && (entry & REGION3_ENTRY_FC)) { 239 if (iep && (entry & REGION3_ENTRY_IEP)) { 240 *flags &= ~PAGE_EXEC; 241 } 242 *raddr = (entry & REGION3_ENTRY_RFAA) | 243 (vaddr & ~REGION3_ENTRY_RFAA); 244 return 0; 245 } 246 if (VADDR_SEGMENT_TL(vaddr) < (entry & REGION_ENTRY_TF) >> 6 || 247 VADDR_SEGMENT_TL(vaddr) > (entry & REGION_ENTRY_TL)) { 248 return PGM_SEGMENT_TRANS; 249 } 250 gaddr = (entry & REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN) + VADDR_SEGMENT_TX(vaddr) * 8; 251 /* fall through */ 252 case ASCE_TYPE_SEGMENT: 253 if (!read_table_entry(env, gaddr, &entry)) { 254 return PGM_ADDRESSING; 255 } 256 if (entry & SEGMENT_ENTRY_I) { 257 return PGM_SEGMENT_TRANS; 258 } 259 if ((entry & SEGMENT_ENTRY_TT) != SEGMENT_ENTRY_TT_SEGMENT) { 260 return PGM_TRANS_SPEC; 261 } 262 if ((entry & SEGMENT_ENTRY_CS) && asce_p) { 263 return PGM_TRANS_SPEC; 264 } 265 if (entry & SEGMENT_ENTRY_P) { 266 *flags &= ~PAGE_WRITE; 267 } 268 if (edat1 && (entry & SEGMENT_ENTRY_FC)) { 269 if (iep && (entry & SEGMENT_ENTRY_IEP)) { 270 *flags &= ~PAGE_EXEC; 271 } 272 *raddr = (entry & SEGMENT_ENTRY_SFAA) | 273 (vaddr & ~SEGMENT_ENTRY_SFAA); 274 return 0; 275 } 276 gaddr = (entry & SEGMENT_ENTRY_ORIGIN) + VADDR_PAGE_TX(vaddr) * 8; 277 break; 278 } 279 280 if (!read_table_entry(env, gaddr, &entry)) { 281 return PGM_ADDRESSING; 282 } 283 if (entry & PAGE_ENTRY_I) { 284 return PGM_PAGE_TRANS; 285 } 286 if (entry & PAGE_ENTRY_0) { 287 return PGM_TRANS_SPEC; 288 } 289 if (entry & PAGE_ENTRY_P) { 290 *flags &= ~PAGE_WRITE; 291 } 292 if (iep && (entry & PAGE_ENTRY_IEP)) { 293 *flags &= ~PAGE_EXEC; 294 } 295 296 *raddr = entry & TARGET_PAGE_MASK; 297 return 0; 298 } 299 300 static void mmu_handle_skey(target_ulong addr, int rw, int *flags) 301 { 302 static S390SKeysClass *skeyclass; 303 static S390SKeysState *ss; 304 uint8_t key, old_key; 305 int rc; 306 307 /* 308 * We expect to be called with an absolute address that has already been 309 * validated, such that we can reliably use it to lookup the storage key. 310 */ 311 if (unlikely(!ss)) { 312 ss = s390_get_skeys_device(); 313 skeyclass = S390_SKEYS_GET_CLASS(ss); 314 } 315 316 /* 317 * Don't enable storage keys if they are still disabled, i.e., no actual 318 * storage key instruction was issued yet. 319 */ 320 if (!skeyclass->skeys_are_enabled(ss)) { 321 return; 322 } 323 324 /* 325 * Whenever we create a new TLB entry, we set the storage key reference 326 * bit. In case we allow write accesses, we set the storage key change 327 * bit. Whenever the guest changes the storage key, we have to flush the 328 * TLBs of all CPUs (the whole TLB or all affected entries), so that the 329 * next reference/change will result in an MMU fault and make us properly 330 * update the storage key here. 331 * 332 * Note 1: "record of references ... is not necessarily accurate", 333 * "change bit may be set in case no storing has occurred". 334 * -> We can set reference/change bits even on exceptions. 335 * Note 2: certain accesses seem to ignore storage keys. For example, 336 * DAT translation does not set reference bits for table accesses. 337 * 338 * TODO: key-controlled protection. Only CPU accesses make use of the 339 * PSW key. CSS accesses are different - we have to pass in the key. 340 * 341 * TODO: we have races between getting and setting the key. 342 */ 343 rc = skeyclass->get_skeys(ss, addr / TARGET_PAGE_SIZE, 1, &key); 344 if (rc) { 345 trace_get_skeys_nonzero(rc); 346 return; 347 } 348 old_key = key; 349 350 switch (rw) { 351 case MMU_DATA_LOAD: 352 case MMU_INST_FETCH: 353 /* 354 * The TLB entry has to remain write-protected on read-faults if 355 * the storage key does not indicate a change already. Otherwise 356 * we might miss setting the change bit on write accesses. 357 */ 358 if (!(key & SK_C)) { 359 *flags &= ~PAGE_WRITE; 360 } 361 break; 362 case MMU_DATA_STORE: 363 key |= SK_C; 364 break; 365 default: 366 g_assert_not_reached(); 367 } 368 369 /* Any store/fetch sets the reference bit */ 370 key |= SK_R; 371 372 if (key != old_key) { 373 rc = skeyclass->set_skeys(ss, addr / TARGET_PAGE_SIZE, 1, &key); 374 if (rc) { 375 trace_set_skeys_nonzero(rc); 376 } 377 } 378 } 379 380 /** 381 * Translate a virtual (logical) address into a physical (absolute) address. 382 * @param vaddr the virtual address 383 * @param rw 0 = read, 1 = write, 2 = code fetch, < 0 = load real address 384 * @param asc address space control (one of the PSW_ASC_* modes) 385 * @param raddr the translated address is stored to this pointer 386 * @param flags the PAGE_READ/WRITE/EXEC flags are stored to this pointer 387 * @param tec the translation exception code if stored to this pointer if 388 * there is an exception to raise 389 * @return 0 = success, != 0, the exception to raise 390 */ 391 int mmu_translate(CPUS390XState *env, target_ulong vaddr, int rw, uint64_t asc, 392 target_ulong *raddr, int *flags, uint64_t *tec) 393 { 394 uint64_t asce; 395 int r; 396 397 *tec = (vaddr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK) | (asc >> 46) | 398 (rw == MMU_DATA_STORE ? FS_WRITE : FS_READ); 399 *flags = PAGE_READ | PAGE_WRITE | PAGE_EXEC; 400 401 if (is_low_address(vaddr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK) && lowprot_enabled(env, asc)) { 402 /* 403 * If any part of this page is currently protected, make sure the 404 * TLB entry will not be reused. 405 * 406 * As the protected range is always the first 512 bytes of the 407 * two first pages, we are able to catch all writes to these areas 408 * just by looking at the start address (triggering the tlb miss). 409 */ 410 *flags |= PAGE_WRITE_INV; 411 if (is_low_address(vaddr) && rw == MMU_DATA_STORE) { 412 /* LAP sets bit 56 */ 413 *tec |= 0x80; 414 return PGM_PROTECTION; 415 } 416 } 417 418 vaddr &= TARGET_PAGE_MASK; 419 420 if (rw != MMU_S390_LRA && !(env->psw.mask & PSW_MASK_DAT)) { 421 *raddr = vaddr; 422 goto nodat; 423 } 424 425 switch (asc) { 426 case PSW_ASC_PRIMARY: 427 asce = env->cregs[1]; 428 break; 429 case PSW_ASC_HOME: 430 asce = env->cregs[13]; 431 break; 432 case PSW_ASC_SECONDARY: 433 asce = env->cregs[7]; 434 break; 435 case PSW_ASC_ACCREG: 436 default: 437 hw_error("guest switched to unknown asc mode\n"); 438 break; 439 } 440 441 /* perform the DAT translation */ 442 r = mmu_translate_asce(env, vaddr, asc, asce, raddr, flags); 443 if (unlikely(r)) { 444 return r; 445 } 446 447 /* check for DAT protection */ 448 if (unlikely(rw == MMU_DATA_STORE && !(*flags & PAGE_WRITE))) { 449 /* DAT sets bit 61 only */ 450 *tec |= 0x4; 451 return PGM_PROTECTION; 452 } 453 454 /* check for Instruction-Execution-Protection */ 455 if (unlikely(rw == MMU_INST_FETCH && !(*flags & PAGE_EXEC))) { 456 /* IEP sets bit 56 and 61 */ 457 *tec |= 0x84; 458 return PGM_PROTECTION; 459 } 460 461 nodat: 462 if (rw >= 0) { 463 /* Convert real address -> absolute address */ 464 *raddr = mmu_real2abs(env, *raddr); 465 466 if (!mmu_absolute_addr_valid(*raddr, rw == MMU_DATA_STORE)) { 467 *tec = 0; /* unused */ 468 return PGM_ADDRESSING; 469 } 470 471 mmu_handle_skey(*raddr, rw, flags); 472 } 473 return 0; 474 } 475 476 /** 477 * translate_pages: Translate a set of consecutive logical page addresses 478 * to absolute addresses. This function is used for TCG and old KVM without 479 * the MEMOP interface. 480 */ 481 static int translate_pages(S390CPU *cpu, vaddr addr, int nr_pages, 482 target_ulong *pages, bool is_write, uint64_t *tec) 483 { 484 uint64_t asc = cpu->env.psw.mask & PSW_MASK_ASC; 485 CPUS390XState *env = &cpu->env; 486 int ret, i, pflags; 487 488 for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) { 489 ret = mmu_translate(env, addr, is_write, asc, &pages[i], &pflags, tec); 490 if (ret) { 491 return ret; 492 } 493 addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE; 494 } 495 496 return 0; 497 } 498 499 int s390_cpu_pv_mem_rw(S390CPU *cpu, unsigned int offset, void *hostbuf, 500 int len, bool is_write) 501 { 502 int ret; 503 504 if (kvm_enabled()) { 505 ret = kvm_s390_mem_op_pv(cpu, offset, hostbuf, len, is_write); 506 } else { 507 /* Protected Virtualization is a KVM/Hardware only feature */ 508 g_assert_not_reached(); 509 } 510 return ret; 511 } 512 513 /** 514 * s390_cpu_virt_mem_rw: 515 * @laddr: the logical start address 516 * @ar: the access register number 517 * @hostbuf: buffer in host memory. NULL = do only checks w/o copying 518 * @len: length that should be transferred 519 * @is_write: true = write, false = read 520 * Returns: 0 on success, non-zero if an exception occurred 521 * 522 * Copy from/to guest memory using logical addresses. Note that we inject a 523 * program interrupt in case there is an error while accessing the memory. 524 * 525 * This function will always return (also for TCG), make sure to call 526 * s390_cpu_virt_mem_handle_exc() to properly exit the CPU loop. 527 */ 528 int s390_cpu_virt_mem_rw(S390CPU *cpu, vaddr laddr, uint8_t ar, void *hostbuf, 529 int len, bool is_write) 530 { 531 int currlen, nr_pages, i; 532 target_ulong *pages; 533 uint64_t tec; 534 int ret; 535 536 if (kvm_enabled()) { 537 ret = kvm_s390_mem_op(cpu, laddr, ar, hostbuf, len, is_write); 538 if (ret >= 0) { 539 return ret; 540 } 541 } 542 543 nr_pages = (((laddr & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) + len - 1) >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS) 544 + 1; 545 pages = g_malloc(nr_pages * sizeof(*pages)); 546 547 ret = translate_pages(cpu, laddr, nr_pages, pages, is_write, &tec); 548 if (ret) { 549 trigger_access_exception(&cpu->env, ret, tec); 550 } else if (hostbuf != NULL) { 551 /* Copy data by stepping through the area page by page */ 552 for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) { 553 currlen = MIN(len, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - (laddr % TARGET_PAGE_SIZE)); 554 cpu_physical_memory_rw(pages[i] | (laddr & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK), 555 hostbuf, currlen, is_write); 556 laddr += currlen; 557 hostbuf += currlen; 558 len -= currlen; 559 } 560 } 561 562 g_free(pages); 563 return ret; 564 } 565 566 void s390_cpu_virt_mem_handle_exc(S390CPU *cpu, uintptr_t ra) 567 { 568 /* KVM will handle the interrupt automatically, TCG has to exit the TB */ 569 #ifdef CONFIG_TCG 570 if (tcg_enabled()) { 571 cpu_loop_exit_restore(CPU(cpu), ra); 572 } 573 #endif 574 } 575 576 /** 577 * Translate a real address into a physical (absolute) address. 578 * @param raddr the real address 579 * @param rw 0 = read, 1 = write, 2 = code fetch 580 * @param addr the translated address is stored to this pointer 581 * @param flags the PAGE_READ/WRITE/EXEC flags are stored to this pointer 582 * @return 0 = success, != 0, the exception to raise 583 */ 584 int mmu_translate_real(CPUS390XState *env, target_ulong raddr, int rw, 585 target_ulong *addr, int *flags, uint64_t *tec) 586 { 587 const bool lowprot_enabled = env->cregs[0] & CR0_LOWPROT; 588 589 *flags = PAGE_READ | PAGE_WRITE | PAGE_EXEC; 590 if (is_low_address(raddr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK) && lowprot_enabled) { 591 /* see comment in mmu_translate() how this works */ 592 *flags |= PAGE_WRITE_INV; 593 if (is_low_address(raddr) && rw == MMU_DATA_STORE) { 594 /* LAP sets bit 56 */ 595 *tec = (raddr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK) | FS_WRITE | 0x80; 596 return PGM_PROTECTION; 597 } 598 } 599 600 *addr = mmu_real2abs(env, raddr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK); 601 602 if (!mmu_absolute_addr_valid(*addr, rw == MMU_DATA_STORE)) { 603 /* unused */ 604 *tec = 0; 605 return PGM_ADDRESSING; 606 } 607 608 mmu_handle_skey(*addr, rw, flags); 609 return 0; 610 } 611