xref: /openbmc/qemu/system/vl.c (revision effd60c8)
1 /*
2  * QEMU System Emulator
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qemu/help-texts.h"
27 #include "qemu/datadir.h"
28 #include "qemu/units.h"
29 #include "exec/cpu-common.h"
30 #include "exec/page-vary.h"
31 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
32 #include "qapi/compat-policy.h"
33 #include "qapi/error.h"
34 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
35 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
36 #include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
37 #include "qemu-version.h"
38 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
39 #include "qemu/help_option.h"
40 #include "qemu/hw-version.h"
41 #include "qemu/uuid.h"
42 #include "sysemu/reset.h"
43 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
44 #include "sysemu/runstate-action.h"
45 #include "sysemu/seccomp.h"
46 #include "sysemu/tcg.h"
47 #include "sysemu/xen.h"
48 
49 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
50 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
51 #include "qemu/accel.h"
52 #include "qemu/async-teardown.h"
53 #include "hw/usb.h"
54 #include "hw/isa/isa.h"
55 #include "hw/scsi/scsi.h"
56 #include "hw/display/vga.h"
57 #include "hw/firmware/smbios.h"
58 #include "hw/acpi/acpi.h"
59 #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
60 #include "hw/loader.h"
61 #include "monitor/qdev.h"
62 #include "net/net.h"
63 #include "net/slirp.h"
64 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
65 #include "ui/console.h"
66 #include "ui/input.h"
67 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
68 #include "sysemu/numa.h"
69 #include "sysemu/hostmem.h"
70 #include "exec/gdbstub.h"
71 #include "qemu/timer.h"
72 #include "chardev/char.h"
73 #include "qemu/bitmap.h"
74 #include "qemu/log.h"
75 #include "sysemu/blockdev.h"
76 #include "hw/block/block.h"
77 #include "hw/i386/x86.h"
78 #include "hw/i386/pc.h"
79 #include "migration/misc.h"
80 #include "migration/snapshot.h"
81 #include "sysemu/tpm.h"
82 #include "sysemu/dma.h"
83 #include "hw/audio/soundhw.h"
84 #include "audio/audio.h"
85 #include "sysemu/cpus.h"
86 #include "sysemu/cpu-timers.h"
87 #include "migration/colo.h"
88 #include "migration/postcopy-ram.h"
89 #include "sysemu/kvm.h"
90 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
91 #include "qemu/option.h"
92 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
93 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
94 #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
95 #include "fsdev/qemu-fsdev.h"
96 #endif
97 #include "sysemu/qtest.h"
98 #ifdef CONFIG_TCG
99 #include "accel/tcg/perf.h"
100 #endif
101 
102 #include "disas/disas.h"
103 
104 #include "trace.h"
105 #include "trace/control.h"
106 #include "qemu/plugin.h"
107 #include "qemu/queue.h"
108 #include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
109 #include "exec/confidential-guest-support.h"
110 
111 #include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
112 #include "qapi/string-input-visitor.h"
113 #include "qapi/opts-visitor.h"
114 #include "qapi/clone-visitor.h"
115 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
116 #include "semihosting/semihost.h"
117 #include "crypto/init.h"
118 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
119 #include "qapi/qapi-events-run-state.h"
120 #include "qapi/qapi-types-audio.h"
121 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-audio.h"
122 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-block-core.h"
123 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-compat.h"
124 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-machine.h"
125 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-ui.h"
126 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-block-core.h"
127 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-migration.h"
128 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-misc.h"
129 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-qom.h"
130 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-ui.h"
131 #include "block/qdict.h"
132 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
133 #include "sysemu/iothread.h"
134 #include "qemu/guest-random.h"
135 #include "qemu/keyval.h"
136 
137 #define MAX_VIRTIO_CONSOLES 1
138 
139 typedef struct BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry {
140     BlockdevOptions *bdo;
141     Location loc;
142     QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry) entry;
143 } BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry;
144 
145 typedef QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(, BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry) BlockdevOptionsQueue;
146 
147 typedef struct ObjectOption {
148     ObjectOptions *opts;
149     QTAILQ_ENTRY(ObjectOption) next;
150 } ObjectOption;
151 
152 typedef struct DeviceOption {
153     QDict *opts;
154     Location loc;
155     QTAILQ_ENTRY(DeviceOption) next;
156 } DeviceOption;
157 
158 static const char *cpu_option;
159 static const char *mem_path;
160 static const char *incoming;
161 static const char *loadvm;
162 static const char *accelerators;
163 static bool have_custom_ram_size;
164 static const char *ram_memdev_id;
165 static QDict *machine_opts_dict;
166 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, ObjectOption) object_opts = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(object_opts);
167 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, DeviceOption) device_opts = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(device_opts);
168 static int display_remote;
169 static int snapshot;
170 static bool preconfig_requested;
171 static QemuPluginList plugin_list = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(plugin_list);
172 static BlockdevOptionsQueue bdo_queue = QSIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(bdo_queue);
173 static bool nographic = false;
174 static int mem_prealloc; /* force preallocation of physical target memory */
175 static const char *vga_model = NULL;
176 static DisplayOptions dpy;
177 static int num_serial_hds;
178 static Chardev **serial_hds;
179 static const char *log_mask;
180 static const char *log_file;
181 static bool list_data_dirs;
182 static const char *qtest_chrdev;
183 static const char *qtest_log;
184 
185 static int has_defaults = 1;
186 static int default_audio = 1;
187 static int default_serial = 1;
188 static int default_parallel = 1;
189 static int default_monitor = 1;
190 static int default_floppy = 1;
191 static int default_cdrom = 1;
192 static int default_sdcard = 1;
193 static int default_vga = 1;
194 static int default_net = 1;
195 
196 static const struct {
197     const char *driver;
198     int *flag;
199 } default_list[] = {
200     { .driver = "xen-console",          .flag = &default_serial    },
201     { .driver = "isa-serial",           .flag = &default_serial    },
202     { .driver = "isa-parallel",         .flag = &default_parallel  },
203     { .driver = "isa-fdc",              .flag = &default_floppy    },
204     { .driver = "floppy",               .flag = &default_floppy    },
205     { .driver = "ide-cd",               .flag = &default_cdrom     },
206     { .driver = "ide-hd",               .flag = &default_cdrom     },
207     { .driver = "scsi-cd",              .flag = &default_cdrom     },
208     { .driver = "scsi-hd",              .flag = &default_cdrom     },
209     { .driver = "VGA",                  .flag = &default_vga       },
210     { .driver = "isa-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
211     { .driver = "cirrus-vga",           .flag = &default_vga       },
212     { .driver = "isa-cirrus-vga",       .flag = &default_vga       },
213     { .driver = "vmware-svga",          .flag = &default_vga       },
214     { .driver = "qxl-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
215     { .driver = "virtio-vga",           .flag = &default_vga       },
216     { .driver = "ati-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
217     { .driver = "vhost-user-vga",       .flag = &default_vga       },
218     { .driver = "virtio-vga-gl",        .flag = &default_vga       },
219     { .driver = "virtio-vga-rutabaga",  .flag = &default_vga       },
220 };
221 
222 static QemuOptsList qemu_rtc_opts = {
223     .name = "rtc",
224     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_rtc_opts.head),
225     .merge_lists = true,
226     .desc = {
227         {
228             .name = "base",
229             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
230         },{
231             .name = "clock",
232             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
233         },{
234             .name = "driftfix",
235             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
236         },
237         { /* end of list */ }
238     },
239 };
240 
241 static QemuOptsList qemu_option_rom_opts = {
242     .name = "option-rom",
243     .implied_opt_name = "romfile",
244     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_option_rom_opts.head),
245     .desc = {
246         {
247             .name = "bootindex",
248             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
249         }, {
250             .name = "romfile",
251             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
252         },
253         { /* end of list */ }
254     },
255 };
256 
257 static QemuOptsList qemu_accel_opts = {
258     .name = "accel",
259     .implied_opt_name = "accel",
260     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_accel_opts.head),
261     .desc = {
262         /*
263          * no elements => accept any
264          * sanity checking will happen later
265          * when setting accelerator properties
266          */
267         { }
268     },
269 };
270 
271 static QemuOptsList qemu_boot_opts = {
272     .name = "boot-opts",
273     .implied_opt_name = "order",
274     .merge_lists = true,
275     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_boot_opts.head),
276     .desc = {
277         {
278             .name = "order",
279             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
280         }, {
281             .name = "once",
282             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
283         }, {
284             .name = "menu",
285             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
286         }, {
287             .name = "splash",
288             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
289         }, {
290             .name = "splash-time",
291             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
292         }, {
293             .name = "reboot-timeout",
294             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
295         }, {
296             .name = "strict",
297             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
298         },
299         { /*End of list */ }
300     },
301 };
302 
303 static QemuOptsList qemu_add_fd_opts = {
304     .name = "add-fd",
305     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_add_fd_opts.head),
306     .desc = {
307         {
308             .name = "fd",
309             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
310             .help = "file descriptor of which a duplicate is added to fd set",
311         },{
312             .name = "set",
313             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
314             .help = "ID of the fd set to add fd to",
315         },{
316             .name = "opaque",
317             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
318             .help = "free-form string used to describe fd",
319         },
320         { /* end of list */ }
321     },
322 };
323 
324 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
325     .name = "object",
326     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
327     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
328     .desc = {
329         { }
330     },
331 };
332 
333 static QemuOptsList qemu_tpmdev_opts = {
334     .name = "tpmdev",
335     .implied_opt_name = "type",
336     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_tpmdev_opts.head),
337     .desc = {
338         /* options are defined in the TPM backends */
339         { /* end of list */ }
340     },
341 };
342 
343 static QemuOptsList qemu_overcommit_opts = {
344     .name = "overcommit",
345     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_overcommit_opts.head),
346     .desc = {
347         {
348             .name = "mem-lock",
349             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
350         },
351         {
352             .name = "cpu-pm",
353             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
354         },
355         { /* end of list */ }
356     },
357 };
358 
359 static QemuOptsList qemu_msg_opts = {
360     .name = "msg",
361     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_msg_opts.head),
362     .desc = {
363         {
364             .name = "timestamp",
365             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
366         },
367         {
368             .name = "guest-name",
369             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
370             .help = "Prepends guest name for error messages but only if "
371                     "-name guest is set otherwise option is ignored\n",
372         },
373         { /* end of list */ }
374     },
375 };
376 
377 static QemuOptsList qemu_name_opts = {
378     .name = "name",
379     .implied_opt_name = "guest",
380     .merge_lists = true,
381     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_name_opts.head),
382     .desc = {
383         {
384             .name = "guest",
385             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
386             .help = "Sets the name of the guest.\n"
387                     "This name will be displayed in the SDL window caption.\n"
388                     "The name will also be used for the VNC server",
389         }, {
390             .name = "process",
391             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
392             .help = "Sets the name of the QEMU process, as shown in top etc",
393         }, {
394             .name = "debug-threads",
395             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
396             .help = "When enabled, name the individual threads; defaults off.\n"
397                     "NOTE: The thread names are for debugging and not a\n"
398                     "stable API.",
399         },
400         { /* End of list */ }
401     },
402 };
403 
404 static QemuOptsList qemu_mem_opts = {
405     .name = "memory",
406     .implied_opt_name = "size",
407     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_mem_opts.head),
408     .merge_lists = true,
409     .desc = {
410         {
411             .name = "size",
412             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
413         },
414         {
415             .name = "slots",
416             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
417         },
418         {
419             .name = "maxmem",
420             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
421         },
422         { /* end of list */ }
423     },
424 };
425 
426 static QemuOptsList qemu_icount_opts = {
427     .name = "icount",
428     .implied_opt_name = "shift",
429     .merge_lists = true,
430     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_icount_opts.head),
431     .desc = {
432         {
433             .name = "shift",
434             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
435         }, {
436             .name = "align",
437             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
438         }, {
439             .name = "sleep",
440             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
441         }, {
442             .name = "rr",
443             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
444         }, {
445             .name = "rrfile",
446             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
447         }, {
448             .name = "rrsnapshot",
449             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
450         },
451         { /* end of list */ }
452     },
453 };
454 
455 static QemuOptsList qemu_fw_cfg_opts = {
456     .name = "fw_cfg",
457     .implied_opt_name = "name",
458     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_fw_cfg_opts.head),
459     .desc = {
460         {
461             .name = "name",
462             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
463             .help = "Sets the fw_cfg name of the blob to be inserted",
464         }, {
465             .name = "file",
466             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
467             .help = "Sets the name of the file from which "
468                     "the fw_cfg blob will be loaded",
469         }, {
470             .name = "string",
471             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
472             .help = "Sets content of the blob to be inserted from a string",
473         }, {
474             .name = "gen_id",
475             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
476             .help = "Sets id of the object generating the fw_cfg blob "
477                     "to be inserted",
478         },
479         { /* end of list */ }
480     },
481 };
482 
483 static QemuOptsList qemu_action_opts = {
484     .name = "action",
485     .merge_lists = true,
486     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_action_opts.head),
487     .desc = {
488         {
489             .name = "shutdown",
490             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
491         },{
492             .name = "reboot",
493             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
494         },{
495             .name = "panic",
496             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
497         },{
498             .name = "watchdog",
499             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
500         },
501         { /* end of list */ }
502     },
503 };
504 
505 const char *qemu_get_vm_name(void)
506 {
507     return qemu_name;
508 }
509 
510 static void default_driver_disable(const char *driver)
511 {
512     int i;
513 
514     if (!driver) {
515         return;
516     }
517 
518     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(default_list); i++) {
519         if (strcmp(default_list[i].driver, driver) != 0)
520             continue;
521         *(default_list[i].flag) = 0;
522     }
523 }
524 
525 static int default_driver_check(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
526 {
527     const char *driver = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
528 
529     default_driver_disable(driver);
530     return 0;
531 }
532 
533 static void default_driver_check_json(void)
534 {
535     DeviceOption *opt;
536 
537     QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &device_opts, next) {
538         const char *driver = qdict_get_try_str(opt->opts, "driver");
539         default_driver_disable(driver);
540     }
541 }
542 
543 static int parse_name(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
544 {
545     const char *proc_name;
546 
547     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "debug-threads")) {
548         qemu_thread_naming(qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "debug-threads", false));
549     }
550     qemu_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "guest");
551 
552     proc_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "process");
553     if (proc_name) {
554         os_set_proc_name(proc_name);
555     }
556 
557     return 0;
558 }
559 
560 bool defaults_enabled(void)
561 {
562     return has_defaults;
563 }
564 
565 #ifndef _WIN32
566 static int parse_add_fd(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
567 {
568     int fd, dupfd, flags;
569     int64_t fdset_id;
570     const char *fd_opaque = NULL;
571     AddfdInfo *fdinfo;
572 
573     fd = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "fd", -1);
574     fdset_id = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "set", -1);
575     fd_opaque = qemu_opt_get(opts, "opaque");
576 
577     if (fd < 0) {
578         error_setg(errp, "fd option is required and must be non-negative");
579         return -1;
580     }
581 
582     if (fd <= STDERR_FILENO) {
583         error_setg(errp, "fd cannot be a standard I/O stream");
584         return -1;
585     }
586 
587     /*
588      * All fds inherited across exec() necessarily have FD_CLOEXEC
589      * clear, while qemu sets FD_CLOEXEC on all other fds used internally.
590      */
591     flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD);
592     if (flags == -1 || (flags & FD_CLOEXEC)) {
593         error_setg(errp, "fd is not valid or already in use");
594         return -1;
595     }
596 
597     if (fdset_id < 0) {
598         error_setg(errp, "set option is required and must be non-negative");
599         return -1;
600     }
601 
602 #ifdef F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC
603     dupfd = fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0);
604 #else
605     dupfd = dup(fd);
606     if (dupfd != -1) {
607         qemu_set_cloexec(dupfd);
608     }
609 #endif
610     if (dupfd == -1) {
611         error_setg(errp, "error duplicating fd: %s", strerror(errno));
612         return -1;
613     }
614 
615     /* add the duplicate fd, and optionally the opaque string, to the fd set */
616     fdinfo = monitor_fdset_add_fd(dupfd, true, fdset_id, fd_opaque,
617                                   &error_abort);
618     g_free(fdinfo);
619 
620     return 0;
621 }
622 
623 static int cleanup_add_fd(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
624 {
625     int fd;
626 
627     fd = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "fd", -1);
628     close(fd);
629 
630     return 0;
631 }
632 #endif
633 
634 /***********************************************************/
635 /* QEMU Block devices */
636 
637 #define HD_OPTS "media=disk"
638 #define CDROM_OPTS "media=cdrom"
639 #define FD_OPTS ""
640 #define PFLASH_OPTS ""
641 #define MTD_OPTS ""
642 #define SD_OPTS ""
643 
644 static int drive_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
645 {
646     BlockInterfaceType *block_default_type = opaque;
647 
648     return drive_new(opts, *block_default_type, errp) == NULL;
649 }
650 
651 static int drive_enable_snapshot(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
652 {
653     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "snapshot") == NULL) {
654         qemu_opt_set(opts, "snapshot", "on", &error_abort);
655     }
656     return 0;
657 }
658 
659 static void default_drive(int enable, int snapshot, BlockInterfaceType type,
660                           int index, const char *optstr)
661 {
662     QemuOpts *opts;
663     DriveInfo *dinfo;
664 
665     if (!enable || drive_get_by_index(type, index)) {
666         return;
667     }
668 
669     opts = drive_add(type, index, NULL, optstr);
670     if (snapshot) {
671         drive_enable_snapshot(NULL, opts, NULL);
672     }
673 
674     dinfo = drive_new(opts, type, &error_abort);
675     dinfo->is_default = true;
676 
677 }
678 
679 static void configure_blockdev(BlockdevOptionsQueue *bdo_queue,
680                                MachineClass *machine_class, int snapshot)
681 {
682     /*
683      * If the currently selected machine wishes to override the
684      * units-per-bus property of its default HBA interface type, do so
685      * now.
686      */
687     if (machine_class->units_per_default_bus) {
688         override_max_devs(machine_class->block_default_type,
689                           machine_class->units_per_default_bus);
690     }
691 
692     /* open the virtual block devices */
693     while (!QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(bdo_queue)) {
694         BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry *bdo = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(bdo_queue);
695 
696         QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(bdo_queue, entry);
697         loc_push_restore(&bdo->loc);
698         qmp_blockdev_add(bdo->bdo, &error_fatal);
699         loc_pop(&bdo->loc);
700         qapi_free_BlockdevOptions(bdo->bdo);
701         g_free(bdo);
702     }
703     if (snapshot) {
704         qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("drive"), drive_enable_snapshot,
705                           NULL, NULL);
706     }
707     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("drive"), drive_init_func,
708                           &machine_class->block_default_type, &error_fatal)) {
709         /* We printed help */
710         exit(0);
711     }
712 
713     default_drive(default_cdrom, snapshot, machine_class->block_default_type, 2,
714                   CDROM_OPTS);
715     default_drive(default_floppy, snapshot, IF_FLOPPY, 0, FD_OPTS);
716     default_drive(default_sdcard, snapshot, IF_SD, 0, SD_OPTS);
717 
718 }
719 
720 static QemuOptsList qemu_smp_opts = {
721     .name = "smp-opts",
722     .implied_opt_name = "cpus",
723     .merge_lists = true,
724     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_smp_opts.head),
725     .desc = {
726         {
727             .name = "cpus",
728             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
729         }, {
730             .name = "drawers",
731             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
732         }, {
733             .name = "books",
734             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
735         }, {
736             .name = "sockets",
737             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
738         }, {
739             .name = "dies",
740             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
741         }, {
742             .name = "clusters",
743             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
744         }, {
745             .name = "cores",
746             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
747         }, {
748             .name = "threads",
749             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
750         }, {
751             .name = "maxcpus",
752             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
753         },
754         { /*End of list */ }
755     },
756 };
757 
758 #if defined(CONFIG_POSIX)
759 static QemuOptsList qemu_run_with_opts = {
760     .name = "run-with",
761     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_run_with_opts.head),
762     .desc = {
763 #if defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
764         {
765             .name = "async-teardown",
766             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
767         },
768 #endif
769         {
770             .name = "chroot",
771             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
772         },
773         { /* end of list */ }
774     },
775 };
776 
777 #define qemu_add_run_with_opts() qemu_add_opts(&qemu_run_with_opts)
778 
779 #else
780 
781 #define qemu_add_run_with_opts()
782 
783 #endif /* CONFIG_POSIX */
784 
785 static void realtime_init(void)
786 {
787     if (enable_mlock) {
788         if (os_mlock() < 0) {
789             error_report("locking memory failed");
790             exit(1);
791         }
792     }
793 }
794 
795 
796 static void configure_msg(QemuOpts *opts)
797 {
798     message_with_timestamp = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "timestamp", false);
799     error_with_guestname = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "guest-name", false);
800 }
801 
802 
803 /***********************************************************/
804 /* USB devices */
805 
806 static int usb_device_add(const char *devname)
807 {
808     USBDevice *dev = NULL;
809 
810     if (!machine_usb(current_machine)) {
811         return -1;
812     }
813 
814     dev = usbdevice_create(devname);
815     if (!dev)
816         return -1;
817 
818     return 0;
819 }
820 
821 static int usb_parse(const char *cmdline)
822 {
823     int r;
824     r = usb_device_add(cmdline);
825     if (r < 0) {
826         error_report("could not add USB device '%s'", cmdline);
827     }
828     return r;
829 }
830 
831 /***********************************************************/
832 /* machine registration */
833 
834 static MachineClass *find_machine(const char *name, GSList *machines)
835 {
836     GSList *el;
837 
838     for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
839         MachineClass *mc = el->data;
840 
841         if (!strcmp(mc->name, name) || !g_strcmp0(mc->alias, name)) {
842             return mc;
843         }
844     }
845 
846     return NULL;
847 }
848 
849 static MachineClass *find_default_machine(GSList *machines)
850 {
851     GSList *el;
852     MachineClass *default_machineclass = NULL;
853 
854     for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
855         MachineClass *mc = el->data;
856 
857         if (mc->is_default) {
858             assert(default_machineclass == NULL && "Multiple default machines");
859             default_machineclass = mc;
860         }
861     }
862 
863     return default_machineclass;
864 }
865 
866 static void version(void)
867 {
868     printf("QEMU emulator version " QEMU_FULL_VERSION "\n"
869            QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n");
870 }
871 
872 static void help(int exitcode)
873 {
874     version();
875     printf("usage: %s [options] [disk_image]\n\n"
876            "'disk_image' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0\n\n",
877             g_get_prgname());
878 
879 #define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)    \
880     if ((arch_mask) & arch_type)                               \
881         fputs(opt_help, stdout);
882 
883 #define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask) \
884     if ((arch_mask) & arch_type)    \
885         puts(stringify(text));
886 
887 #define DEFHEADING(text) ARCHHEADING(text, QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
888 
889 #include "qemu-options.def"
890 
891     printf("\nDuring emulation, the following keys are useful:\n"
892            "ctrl-alt-f      toggle full screen\n"
893            "ctrl-alt-n      switch to virtual console 'n'\n"
894            "ctrl-alt        toggle mouse and keyboard grab\n"
895            "\n"
896            "When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.\n"
897            "\n"
898            QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n");
899 
900     exit(exitcode);
901 }
902 
903 enum {
904 
905 #define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)     \
906     opt_enum,
907 #define DEFHEADING(text)
908 #define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask)
909 
910 #include "qemu-options.def"
911 };
912 
913 #define HAS_ARG 0x0001
914 
915 typedef struct QEMUOption {
916     const char *name;
917     int flags;
918     int index;
919     uint32_t arch_mask;
920 } QEMUOption;
921 
922 static const QEMUOption qemu_options[] = {
923     { "h", 0, QEMU_OPTION_h, QEMU_ARCH_ALL },
924 
925 #define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)     \
926     { option, opt_arg, opt_enum, arch_mask },
927 #define DEFHEADING(text)
928 #define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask)
929 
930 #include "qemu-options.def"
931     { /* end of list */ }
932 };
933 
934 typedef struct VGAInterfaceInfo {
935     const char *opt_name;    /* option name */
936     const char *name;        /* human-readable name */
937     /* Class names indicating that support is available.
938      * If no class is specified, the interface is always available */
939     const char *class_names[2];
940 } VGAInterfaceInfo;
941 
942 static const VGAInterfaceInfo vga_interfaces[VGA_TYPE_MAX] = {
943     [VGA_NONE] = {
944         .opt_name = "none",
945         .name = "no graphic card",
946     },
947     [VGA_STD] = {
948         .opt_name = "std",
949         .name = "standard VGA",
950         .class_names = { "VGA", "isa-vga" },
951     },
952     [VGA_CIRRUS] = {
953         .opt_name = "cirrus",
954         .name = "Cirrus VGA",
955         .class_names = { "cirrus-vga", "isa-cirrus-vga" },
956     },
957     [VGA_VMWARE] = {
958         .opt_name = "vmware",
959         .name = "VMWare SVGA",
960         .class_names = { "vmware-svga" },
961     },
962     [VGA_VIRTIO] = {
963         .opt_name = "virtio",
964         .name = "Virtio VGA",
965         .class_names = { "virtio-vga" },
966     },
967     [VGA_QXL] = {
968         .opt_name = "qxl",
969         .name = "QXL VGA",
970         .class_names = { "qxl-vga" },
971     },
972     [VGA_TCX] = {
973         .opt_name = "tcx",
974         .name = "TCX framebuffer",
975         .class_names = { "sun-tcx" },
976     },
977     [VGA_CG3] = {
978         .opt_name = "cg3",
979         .name = "CG3 framebuffer",
980         .class_names = { "cgthree" },
981     },
982 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_BACKEND
983     [VGA_XENFB] = {
984         .opt_name = "xenfb",
985         .name = "Xen paravirtualized framebuffer",
986     },
987 #endif
988 };
989 
990 static bool vga_interface_available(VGAInterfaceType t)
991 {
992     const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
993 
994     assert(t < VGA_TYPE_MAX);
995     return !ti->class_names[0] ||
996            module_object_class_by_name(ti->class_names[0]) ||
997            module_object_class_by_name(ti->class_names[1]);
998 }
999 
1000 static const char *
1001 get_default_vga_model(const MachineClass *machine_class)
1002 {
1003     if (machine_class->default_display) {
1004         for (int t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
1005             const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
1006 
1007             if (ti->opt_name && vga_interface_available(t) &&
1008                 g_str_equal(ti->opt_name, machine_class->default_display)) {
1009                 return machine_class->default_display;
1010             }
1011         }
1012 
1013         warn_report_once("Default display '%s' is not available in this binary",
1014                          machine_class->default_display);
1015         return NULL;
1016     } else if (vga_interface_available(VGA_CIRRUS)) {
1017         return "cirrus";
1018     } else if (vga_interface_available(VGA_STD)) {
1019         return "std";
1020     }
1021 
1022     return NULL;
1023 }
1024 
1025 static void select_vgahw(const MachineClass *machine_class, const char *p)
1026 {
1027     const char *opts;
1028     int t;
1029 
1030     if (g_str_equal(p, "help")) {
1031         const char *def = get_default_vga_model(machine_class);
1032 
1033         for (t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
1034             const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
1035 
1036             if (vga_interface_available(t) && ti->opt_name) {
1037                 printf("%-20s %s%s\n", ti->opt_name, ti->name ?: "",
1038                         (def && g_str_equal(ti->opt_name, def)) ?
1039                         " (default)" : "");
1040             }
1041         }
1042         exit(0);
1043     }
1044 
1045     assert(vga_interface_type == VGA_NONE);
1046     for (t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
1047         const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
1048         if (ti->opt_name && strstart(p, ti->opt_name, &opts)) {
1049             if (!vga_interface_available(t)) {
1050                 error_report("%s not available", ti->name);
1051                 exit(1);
1052             }
1053             vga_interface_type = t;
1054             break;
1055         }
1056     }
1057     if (t == VGA_TYPE_MAX) {
1058     invalid_vga:
1059         error_report("unknown vga type: %s", p);
1060         exit(1);
1061     }
1062     while (*opts) {
1063         const char *nextopt;
1064 
1065         if (strstart(opts, ",retrace=", &nextopt)) {
1066             opts = nextopt;
1067             if (strstart(opts, "dumb", &nextopt))
1068                 vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_DUMB;
1069             else if (strstart(opts, "precise", &nextopt))
1070                 vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_PRECISE;
1071             else goto invalid_vga;
1072         } else goto invalid_vga;
1073         opts = nextopt;
1074     }
1075 }
1076 
1077 static void parse_display_qapi(const char *str)
1078 {
1079     DisplayOptions *opts;
1080     Visitor *v;
1081 
1082     v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(str, "type", &error_fatal);
1083 
1084     visit_type_DisplayOptions(v, NULL, &opts, &error_fatal);
1085     QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(DisplayOptions, &dpy, opts);
1086 
1087     qapi_free_DisplayOptions(opts);
1088     visit_free(v);
1089 }
1090 
1091 DisplayOptions *qmp_query_display_options(Error **errp)
1092 {
1093     return QAPI_CLONE(DisplayOptions, &dpy);
1094 }
1095 
1096 static void parse_display(const char *p)
1097 {
1098     if (is_help_option(p)) {
1099         qemu_display_help();
1100         exit(0);
1101     }
1102 
1103 #ifdef CONFIG_VNC
1104     const char *opts;
1105 
1106     if (strstart(p, "vnc", &opts)) {
1107         /*
1108          * vnc isn't a (local) DisplayType but a protocol for remote
1109          * display access.
1110          */
1111         if (*opts == '=') {
1112             vnc_parse(opts + 1);
1113             display_remote++;
1114         } else {
1115             error_report("VNC requires a display argument vnc=<display>");
1116             exit(1);
1117         }
1118         return;
1119     }
1120 #endif
1121 
1122     parse_display_qapi(p);
1123 }
1124 
1125 static inline bool nonempty_str(const char *str)
1126 {
1127     return str && *str;
1128 }
1129 
1130 static int parse_fw_cfg(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1131 {
1132     gchar *buf;
1133     size_t size;
1134     const char *name, *file, *str, *gen_id;
1135     FWCfgState *fw_cfg = (FWCfgState *) opaque;
1136 
1137     if (fw_cfg == NULL) {
1138         error_setg(errp, "fw_cfg device not available");
1139         return -1;
1140     }
1141     name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "name");
1142     file = qemu_opt_get(opts, "file");
1143     str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "string");
1144     gen_id = qemu_opt_get(opts, "gen_id");
1145 
1146     /* we need the name, and exactly one of: file, content string, gen_id */
1147     if (!nonempty_str(name) ||
1148         nonempty_str(file) + nonempty_str(str) + nonempty_str(gen_id) != 1) {
1149         error_setg(errp, "name, plus exactly one of file,"
1150                          " string and gen_id, are needed");
1151         return -1;
1152     }
1153     if (strlen(name) > FW_CFG_MAX_FILE_PATH - 1) {
1154         error_setg(errp, "name too long (max. %d char)",
1155                    FW_CFG_MAX_FILE_PATH - 1);
1156         return -1;
1157     }
1158     if (nonempty_str(gen_id)) {
1159         /*
1160          * In this particular case where the content is populated
1161          * internally, the "etc/" namespace protection is relaxed,
1162          * so do not emit a warning.
1163          */
1164     } else if (strncmp(name, "opt/", 4) != 0) {
1165         warn_report("externally provided fw_cfg item names "
1166                     "should be prefixed with \"opt/\"");
1167     }
1168     if (nonempty_str(str)) {
1169         size = strlen(str); /* NUL terminator NOT included in fw_cfg blob */
1170         buf = g_memdup(str, size);
1171     } else if (nonempty_str(gen_id)) {
1172         if (!fw_cfg_add_from_generator(fw_cfg, name, gen_id, errp)) {
1173             return -1;
1174         }
1175         return 0;
1176     } else {
1177         GError *err = NULL;
1178         if (!g_file_get_contents(file, &buf, &size, &err)) {
1179             error_setg(errp, "can't load %s: %s", file, err->message);
1180             g_error_free(err);
1181             return -1;
1182         }
1183     }
1184     /* For legacy, keep user files in a specific global order. */
1185     fw_cfg_set_order_override(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_USER);
1186     fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, name, buf, size);
1187     fw_cfg_reset_order_override(fw_cfg);
1188     return 0;
1189 }
1190 
1191 static int device_help_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1192 {
1193     return qdev_device_help(opts);
1194 }
1195 
1196 static int device_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1197 {
1198     DeviceState *dev;
1199 
1200     dev = qdev_device_add(opts, errp);
1201     if (!dev && *errp) {
1202         error_report_err(*errp);
1203         return -1;
1204     } else if (dev) {
1205         object_unref(OBJECT(dev));
1206     }
1207     return 0;
1208 }
1209 
1210 static int chardev_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1211 {
1212     Error *local_err = NULL;
1213 
1214     if (!qemu_chr_new_from_opts(opts, NULL, &local_err)) {
1215         if (local_err) {
1216             error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1217             return -1;
1218         }
1219         exit(0);
1220     }
1221     return 0;
1222 }
1223 
1224 #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
1225 static int fsdev_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1226 {
1227     return qemu_fsdev_add(opts, errp);
1228 }
1229 #endif
1230 
1231 static int mon_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1232 {
1233     return monitor_init_opts(opts, errp);
1234 }
1235 
1236 static void monitor_parse(const char *str, const char *mode, bool pretty)
1237 {
1238     static int monitor_device_index = 0;
1239     QemuOpts *opts;
1240     const char *p;
1241     char label[32];
1242 
1243     if (strstart(str, "chardev:", &p)) {
1244         snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "%s", p);
1245     } else {
1246         snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "compat_monitor%d",
1247                  monitor_device_index);
1248         opts = qemu_chr_parse_compat(label, str, true);
1249         if (!opts) {
1250             error_report("parse error: %s", str);
1251             exit(1);
1252         }
1253     }
1254 
1255     opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("mon"), label, 1, &error_fatal);
1256     qemu_opt_set(opts, "mode", mode, &error_abort);
1257     qemu_opt_set(opts, "chardev", label, &error_abort);
1258     if (!strcmp(mode, "control")) {
1259         qemu_opt_set_bool(opts, "pretty", pretty, &error_abort);
1260     } else {
1261         assert(pretty == false);
1262     }
1263     monitor_device_index++;
1264 }
1265 
1266 struct device_config {
1267     enum {
1268         DEV_USB,       /* -usbdevice     */
1269         DEV_SERIAL,    /* -serial        */
1270         DEV_PARALLEL,  /* -parallel      */
1271         DEV_DEBUGCON,  /* -debugcon */
1272         DEV_GDB,       /* -gdb, -s */
1273         DEV_SCLP,      /* s390 sclp */
1274     } type;
1275     const char *cmdline;
1276     Location loc;
1277     QTAILQ_ENTRY(device_config) next;
1278 };
1279 
1280 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, device_config) device_configs =
1281     QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(device_configs);
1282 
1283 static void add_device_config(int type, const char *cmdline)
1284 {
1285     struct device_config *conf;
1286 
1287     conf = g_malloc0(sizeof(*conf));
1288     conf->type = type;
1289     conf->cmdline = cmdline;
1290     loc_save(&conf->loc);
1291     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&device_configs, conf, next);
1292 }
1293 
1294 static int foreach_device_config(int type, int (*func)(const char *cmdline))
1295 {
1296     struct device_config *conf;
1297     int rc;
1298 
1299     QTAILQ_FOREACH(conf, &device_configs, next) {
1300         if (conf->type != type)
1301             continue;
1302         loc_push_restore(&conf->loc);
1303         rc = func(conf->cmdline);
1304         loc_pop(&conf->loc);
1305         if (rc) {
1306             return rc;
1307         }
1308     }
1309     return 0;
1310 }
1311 
1312 static void qemu_disable_default_devices(void)
1313 {
1314     MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
1315 
1316     default_driver_check_json();
1317     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
1318                       default_driver_check, NULL, NULL);
1319     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("global"),
1320                       default_driver_check, NULL, NULL);
1321 
1322     if (!vga_model && !default_vga) {
1323         vga_interface_type = VGA_DEVICE;
1324         vga_interface_created = true;
1325     }
1326     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_serial) {
1327         default_serial = 0;
1328     }
1329     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_parallel) {
1330         default_parallel = 0;
1331     }
1332     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_floppy) {
1333         default_floppy = 0;
1334     }
1335     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_cdrom) {
1336         default_cdrom = 0;
1337     }
1338     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_sdcard) {
1339         default_sdcard = 0;
1340     }
1341     if (!has_defaults) {
1342         default_audio = 0;
1343         default_monitor = 0;
1344         default_net = 0;
1345         default_vga = 0;
1346     } else {
1347         if (default_net && machine_class->default_nic &&
1348             !module_object_class_by_name(machine_class->default_nic)) {
1349             warn_report("Default NIC '%s' is not available in this binary",
1350                         machine_class->default_nic);
1351             default_net = 0;
1352         }
1353     }
1354 }
1355 
1356 static void qemu_setup_display(void)
1357 {
1358     if (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_DEFAULT && !display_remote) {
1359         if (!qemu_display_find_default(&dpy)) {
1360             dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
1361 #if defined(CONFIG_VNC)
1362             vnc_parse("localhost:0,to=99,id=default");
1363             display_remote++;
1364 #endif
1365         }
1366     }
1367     if (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
1368         dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
1369     }
1370 
1371     qemu_display_early_init(&dpy);
1372 }
1373 
1374 static void qemu_create_default_devices(void)
1375 {
1376     MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
1377     const char *vc = qemu_display_get_vc(&dpy);
1378 
1379     if (is_daemonized()) {
1380         /* According to documentation and historically, -nographic redirects
1381          * serial port, parallel port and monitor to stdio, which does not work
1382          * with -daemonize.  We can redirect these to null instead, but since
1383          * -nographic is legacy, let's just error out.
1384          * We disallow -nographic only if all other ports are not redirected
1385          * explicitly, to not break existing legacy setups which uses
1386          * -nographic _and_ redirects all ports explicitly - this is valid
1387          * usage, -nographic is just a no-op in this case.
1388          */
1389         if (nographic
1390             && (default_parallel || default_serial || default_monitor)) {
1391             error_report("-nographic cannot be used with -daemonize");
1392             exit(1);
1393         }
1394     }
1395 
1396     if (nographic) {
1397         if (default_parallel) {
1398             add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, "null");
1399         }
1400         if (default_serial && default_monitor) {
1401             add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, "mon:stdio");
1402         } else {
1403             if (default_serial) {
1404                 add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, "stdio");
1405             }
1406             if (default_monitor) {
1407                 monitor_parse("stdio", "readline", false);
1408             }
1409         }
1410     } else {
1411         if (default_serial) {
1412             add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, vc ?: "null");
1413         }
1414         if (default_parallel) {
1415             add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, vc ?: "null");
1416         }
1417         if (default_monitor && vc) {
1418             monitor_parse(vc, "readline", false);
1419         }
1420     }
1421 
1422     if (default_net) {
1423         QemuOptsList *net = qemu_find_opts("net");
1424         qemu_opts_parse(net, "nic", true, &error_abort);
1425 #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
1426         qemu_opts_parse(net, "user", true, &error_abort);
1427 #endif
1428     }
1429 
1430     /* If no default VGA is requested, the default is "none".  */
1431     if (default_vga) {
1432         vga_model = get_default_vga_model(machine_class);
1433     }
1434     if (vga_model) {
1435         select_vgahw(machine_class, vga_model);
1436     }
1437 }
1438 
1439 static int serial_parse(const char *devname)
1440 {
1441     int index = num_serial_hds;
1442     char label[32];
1443 
1444     if (strcmp(devname, "none") == 0)
1445         return 0;
1446     snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "serial%d", index);
1447     serial_hds = g_renew(Chardev *, serial_hds, index + 1);
1448 
1449     serial_hds[index] = qemu_chr_new_mux_mon(label, devname, NULL);
1450     if (!serial_hds[index]) {
1451         error_report("could not connect serial device"
1452                      " to character backend '%s'", devname);
1453         return -1;
1454     }
1455     num_serial_hds++;
1456     return 0;
1457 }
1458 
1459 Chardev *serial_hd(int i)
1460 {
1461     assert(i >= 0);
1462     if (i < num_serial_hds) {
1463         return serial_hds[i];
1464     }
1465     return NULL;
1466 }
1467 
1468 static int parallel_parse(const char *devname)
1469 {
1470     static int index = 0;
1471     char label[32];
1472 
1473     if (strcmp(devname, "none") == 0)
1474         return 0;
1475     if (index == MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS) {
1476         error_report("too many parallel ports");
1477         exit(1);
1478     }
1479     snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "parallel%d", index);
1480     parallel_hds[index] = qemu_chr_new_mux_mon(label, devname, NULL);
1481     if (!parallel_hds[index]) {
1482         error_report("could not connect parallel device"
1483                      " to character backend '%s'", devname);
1484         return -1;
1485     }
1486     index++;
1487     return 0;
1488 }
1489 
1490 static int debugcon_parse(const char *devname)
1491 {
1492     QemuOpts *opts;
1493 
1494     if (!qemu_chr_new_mux_mon("debugcon", devname, NULL)) {
1495         error_report("invalid character backend '%s'", devname);
1496         exit(1);
1497     }
1498     opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), "debugcon", 1, NULL);
1499     if (!opts) {
1500         error_report("already have a debugcon device");
1501         exit(1);
1502     }
1503     qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", "isa-debugcon", &error_abort);
1504     qemu_opt_set(opts, "chardev", "debugcon", &error_abort);
1505     return 0;
1506 }
1507 
1508 static gint machine_class_cmp(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
1509 {
1510     const MachineClass *mc1 = a, *mc2 = b;
1511     int res;
1512 
1513     if (mc1->family == NULL) {
1514         if (mc2->family == NULL) {
1515             /* Compare standalone machine types against each other; they sort
1516              * in increasing order.
1517              */
1518             return strcmp(object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc1)),
1519                           object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc2)));
1520         }
1521 
1522         /* Standalone machine types sort after families. */
1523         return 1;
1524     }
1525 
1526     if (mc2->family == NULL) {
1527         /* Families sort before standalone machine types. */
1528         return -1;
1529     }
1530 
1531     /* Families sort between each other alphabetically increasingly. */
1532     res = strcmp(mc1->family, mc2->family);
1533     if (res != 0) {
1534         return res;
1535     }
1536 
1537     /* Within the same family, machine types sort in decreasing order. */
1538     return strcmp(object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc2)),
1539                   object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc1)));
1540 }
1541 
1542 static void machine_help_func(const QDict *qdict)
1543 {
1544     g_autoptr(GSList) machines = NULL;
1545     GSList *el;
1546     const char *type = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "type");
1547 
1548     machines = object_class_get_list(TYPE_MACHINE, false);
1549     if (type) {
1550         ObjectClass *machine_class = OBJECT_CLASS(find_machine(type, machines));
1551         if (machine_class) {
1552             type_print_class_properties(object_class_get_name(machine_class));
1553             return;
1554         }
1555     }
1556 
1557     printf("Supported machines are:\n");
1558     machines = g_slist_sort(machines, machine_class_cmp);
1559     for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
1560         MachineClass *mc = el->data;
1561         if (mc->alias) {
1562             printf("%-20s %s (alias of %s)\n", mc->alias, mc->desc, mc->name);
1563         }
1564         printf("%-20s %s%s%s\n", mc->name, mc->desc,
1565                mc->is_default ? " (default)" : "",
1566                mc->deprecation_reason ? " (deprecated)" : "");
1567     }
1568 }
1569 
1570 static void
1571 machine_merge_property(const char *propname, QDict *prop, Error **errp)
1572 {
1573     QDict *opts;
1574 
1575     opts = qdict_new();
1576     /* Preserve the caller's reference to prop.  */
1577     qobject_ref(prop);
1578     qdict_put(opts, propname, prop);
1579     keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, opts, errp);
1580     qobject_unref(opts);
1581 }
1582 
1583 static void
1584 machine_parse_property_opt(QemuOptsList *opts_list, const char *propname,
1585                            const char *arg)
1586 {
1587     QDict *prop = NULL;
1588     bool help = false;
1589 
1590     prop = keyval_parse(arg, opts_list->implied_opt_name, &help, &error_fatal);
1591     if (help) {
1592         qemu_opts_print_help(opts_list, true);
1593         exit(0);
1594     }
1595     machine_merge_property(propname, prop, &error_fatal);
1596     qobject_unref(prop);
1597 }
1598 
1599 static const char *pid_file;
1600 struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier {
1601     Notifier notifier;
1602     char *pid_file_realpath;
1603 };
1604 static struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier;
1605 
1606 static void qemu_unlink_pidfile(Notifier *n, void *data)
1607 {
1608     struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier *upn;
1609 
1610     upn = DO_UPCAST(struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier, notifier, n);
1611     unlink(upn->pid_file_realpath);
1612 }
1613 
1614 static const QEMUOption *lookup_opt(int argc, char **argv,
1615                                     const char **poptarg, int *poptind)
1616 {
1617     const QEMUOption *popt;
1618     int optind = *poptind;
1619     char *r = argv[optind];
1620     const char *optarg;
1621 
1622     loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind, 1);
1623     optind++;
1624     /* Treat --foo the same as -foo.  */
1625     if (r[1] == '-')
1626         r++;
1627     popt = qemu_options;
1628     for(;;) {
1629         if (!popt->name) {
1630             error_report("invalid option");
1631             exit(1);
1632         }
1633         if (!strcmp(popt->name, r + 1))
1634             break;
1635         popt++;
1636     }
1637     if (popt->flags & HAS_ARG) {
1638         if (optind >= argc) {
1639             error_report("requires an argument");
1640             exit(1);
1641         }
1642         optarg = argv[optind++];
1643         loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind - 2, 2);
1644     } else {
1645         optarg = NULL;
1646     }
1647 
1648     *poptarg = optarg;
1649     *poptind = optind;
1650 
1651     return popt;
1652 }
1653 
1654 static MachineClass *select_machine(QDict *qdict, Error **errp)
1655 {
1656     const char *machine_type = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "type");
1657     GSList *machines = object_class_get_list(TYPE_MACHINE, false);
1658     MachineClass *machine_class;
1659     Error *local_err = NULL;
1660 
1661     if (machine_type) {
1662         machine_class = find_machine(machine_type, machines);
1663         qdict_del(qdict, "type");
1664         if (!machine_class) {
1665             error_setg(&local_err, "unsupported machine type");
1666         }
1667     } else {
1668         machine_class = find_default_machine(machines);
1669         if (!machine_class) {
1670             error_setg(&local_err, "No machine specified, and there is no default");
1671         }
1672     }
1673 
1674     g_slist_free(machines);
1675     if (local_err) {
1676         error_append_hint(&local_err, "Use -machine help to list supported machines\n");
1677         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1678     }
1679     return machine_class;
1680 }
1681 
1682 static int object_parse_property_opt(Object *obj,
1683                                      const char *name, const char *value,
1684                                      const char *skip, Error **errp)
1685 {
1686     if (g_str_equal(name, skip)) {
1687         return 0;
1688     }
1689 
1690     if (!object_property_parse(obj, name, value, errp)) {
1691         return -1;
1692     }
1693 
1694     return 0;
1695 }
1696 
1697 /* *Non*recursively replace underscores with dashes in QDict keys.  */
1698 static void keyval_dashify(QDict *qdict, Error **errp)
1699 {
1700     const QDictEntry *ent, *next;
1701     char *p;
1702 
1703     for (ent = qdict_first(qdict); ent; ent = next) {
1704         g_autofree char *new_key = NULL;
1705 
1706         next = qdict_next(qdict, ent);
1707         if (!strchr(ent->key, '_')) {
1708             continue;
1709         }
1710         new_key = g_strdup(ent->key);
1711         for (p = new_key; *p; p++) {
1712             if (*p == '_') {
1713                 *p = '-';
1714             }
1715         }
1716         if (qdict_haskey(qdict, new_key)) {
1717             error_setg(errp, "Conflict between '%s' and '%s'", ent->key, new_key);
1718             return;
1719         }
1720         qobject_ref(ent->value);
1721         qdict_put_obj(qdict, new_key, ent->value);
1722         qdict_del(qdict, ent->key);
1723     }
1724 }
1725 
1726 static void qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(QDict *qdict)
1727 {
1728     const char *value;
1729     QObject *prop;
1730 
1731     keyval_dashify(qdict, &error_fatal);
1732 
1733     /* Legacy options do not correspond to MachineState properties.  */
1734     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "accel");
1735     if (value) {
1736         accelerators = g_strdup(value);
1737         qdict_del(qdict, "accel");
1738     }
1739 
1740     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "igd-passthru");
1741     if (value) {
1742         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("xen"), "igd-passthru", value,
1743                                    false);
1744         qdict_del(qdict, "igd-passthru");
1745     }
1746 
1747     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "kvm-shadow-mem");
1748     if (value) {
1749         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("kvm"), "kvm-shadow-mem", value,
1750                                    false);
1751         qdict_del(qdict, "kvm-shadow-mem");
1752     }
1753 
1754     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "kernel-irqchip");
1755     if (value) {
1756         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("kvm"), "kernel-irqchip", value,
1757                                    false);
1758         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("whpx"), "kernel-irqchip", value,
1759                                    false);
1760         qdict_del(qdict, "kernel-irqchip");
1761     }
1762 
1763     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "memory-backend");
1764     if (value) {
1765         if (mem_path) {
1766             error_report("'-mem-path' can't be used together with"
1767                          "'-machine memory-backend'");
1768             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1769         }
1770 
1771         /* Resolved later.  */
1772         ram_memdev_id = g_strdup(value);
1773         qdict_del(qdict, "memory-backend");
1774     }
1775 
1776     prop = qdict_get(qdict, "memory");
1777     if (prop) {
1778         have_custom_ram_size =
1779             qobject_type(prop) == QTYPE_QDICT &&
1780             qdict_haskey(qobject_to(QDict, prop), "size");
1781     }
1782 }
1783 
1784 static void object_option_foreach_add(bool (*type_opt_predicate)(const char *))
1785 {
1786     ObjectOption *opt, *next;
1787 
1788     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(opt, &object_opts, next, next) {
1789         const char *type = ObjectType_str(opt->opts->qom_type);
1790         if (type_opt_predicate(type)) {
1791             user_creatable_add_qapi(opt->opts, &error_fatal);
1792             qapi_free_ObjectOptions(opt->opts);
1793             QTAILQ_REMOVE(&object_opts, opt, next);
1794             g_free(opt);
1795         }
1796     }
1797 }
1798 
1799 static void object_option_add_visitor(Visitor *v)
1800 {
1801     ObjectOption *opt = g_new0(ObjectOption, 1);
1802     visit_type_ObjectOptions(v, NULL, &opt->opts, &error_fatal);
1803     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&object_opts, opt, next);
1804 }
1805 
1806 static void object_option_parse(const char *str)
1807 {
1808     QemuOpts *opts;
1809     const char *type;
1810     Visitor *v;
1811 
1812     if (str[0] == '{') {
1813         QObject *obj = qobject_from_json(str, &error_fatal);
1814 
1815         v = qobject_input_visitor_new(obj);
1816         qobject_unref(obj);
1817     } else {
1818         opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("object"),
1819                                        str, true);
1820         if (!opts) {
1821             exit(1);
1822         }
1823 
1824         type = qemu_opt_get(opts, "qom-type");
1825         if (!type) {
1826             error_setg(&error_fatal, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "qom-type");
1827         }
1828         if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
1829             exit(0);
1830         }
1831 
1832         v = opts_visitor_new(opts);
1833     }
1834 
1835     object_option_add_visitor(v);
1836     visit_free(v);
1837 }
1838 
1839 /*
1840  * Very early object creation, before the sandbox options have been activated.
1841  */
1842 static bool object_create_pre_sandbox(const char *type)
1843 {
1844     /*
1845      * Objects should in general not get initialized "too early" without
1846      * a reason. If you add one, state the reason in a comment!
1847      */
1848 
1849     /*
1850      * Reason: -sandbox on,resourcecontrol=deny disallows setting CPU
1851      * affinity of threads.
1852      */
1853     if (g_str_equal(type, "thread-context")) {
1854         return true;
1855     }
1856 
1857     return false;
1858 }
1859 
1860 /*
1861  * Initial object creation happens before all other
1862  * QEMU data types are created. The majority of objects
1863  * can be created at this point. The rng-egd object
1864  * cannot be created here, as it depends on the chardev
1865  * already existing.
1866  */
1867 static bool object_create_early(const char *type)
1868 {
1869     /*
1870      * Objects should not be made "delayed" without a reason.  If you
1871      * add one, state the reason in a comment!
1872      */
1873 
1874     /* Reason: already created. */
1875     if (object_create_pre_sandbox(type)) {
1876         return false;
1877     }
1878 
1879     /* Reason: property "chardev" */
1880     if (g_str_equal(type, "rng-egd") ||
1881         g_str_equal(type, "qtest")) {
1882         return false;
1883     }
1884 
1885 #if defined(CONFIG_VHOST_USER) && defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
1886     /* Reason: cryptodev-vhost-user property "chardev" */
1887     if (g_str_equal(type, "cryptodev-vhost-user")) {
1888         return false;
1889     }
1890 #endif
1891 
1892     /* Reason: vhost-user-blk-server property "node-name" */
1893     if (g_str_equal(type, "vhost-user-blk-server")) {
1894         return false;
1895     }
1896     /*
1897      * Reason: filter-* property "netdev" etc.
1898      */
1899     if (g_str_equal(type, "filter-buffer") ||
1900         g_str_equal(type, "filter-dump") ||
1901         g_str_equal(type, "filter-mirror") ||
1902         g_str_equal(type, "filter-redirector") ||
1903         g_str_equal(type, "colo-compare") ||
1904         g_str_equal(type, "filter-rewriter") ||
1905         g_str_equal(type, "filter-replay")) {
1906         return false;
1907     }
1908 
1909     /*
1910      * Allocation of large amounts of memory may delay
1911      * chardev initialization for too long, and trigger timeouts
1912      * on software that waits for a monitor socket to be created
1913      * (e.g. libvirt).
1914      */
1915     if (g_str_has_prefix(type, "memory-backend-")) {
1916         return false;
1917     }
1918 
1919     return true;
1920 }
1921 
1922 static void qemu_apply_machine_options(QDict *qdict)
1923 {
1924     object_set_properties_from_keyval(OBJECT(current_machine), qdict, false, &error_fatal);
1925 
1926     if (semihosting_enabled(false) && !semihosting_get_argc()) {
1927         /* fall back to the -kernel/-append */
1928         semihosting_arg_fallback(current_machine->kernel_filename, current_machine->kernel_cmdline);
1929     }
1930 
1931     if (current_machine->smp.cpus > 1) {
1932         replay_add_blocker("smp");
1933     }
1934 }
1935 
1936 static void qemu_create_early_backends(void)
1937 {
1938     MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
1939 #if defined(CONFIG_SDL)
1940     const bool use_sdl = (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_SDL);
1941 #else
1942     const bool use_sdl = false;
1943 #endif
1944 #if defined(CONFIG_GTK)
1945     const bool use_gtk = (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_GTK);
1946 #else
1947     const bool use_gtk = false;
1948 #endif
1949 
1950     if (dpy.has_window_close && !use_gtk && !use_sdl) {
1951         error_report("window-close is only valid for GTK and SDL, "
1952                      "ignoring option");
1953     }
1954 
1955     qemu_console_early_init();
1956 
1957     if (dpy.has_gl && dpy.gl != DISPLAYGL_MODE_OFF && display_opengl == 0) {
1958 #if defined(CONFIG_OPENGL)
1959         error_report("OpenGL is not supported by the display");
1960 #else
1961         error_report("OpenGL support is disabled");
1962 #endif
1963         exit(1);
1964     }
1965 
1966     object_option_foreach_add(object_create_early);
1967 
1968     /* spice needs the timers to be initialized by this point */
1969     /* spice must initialize before audio as it changes the default audiodev */
1970     /* spice must initialize before chardevs (for spicevmc and spiceport) */
1971     qemu_spice.init();
1972 
1973     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("chardev"),
1974                       chardev_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
1975 
1976 #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
1977     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"),
1978                       fsdev_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
1979 #endif
1980 
1981     /*
1982      * Note: we need to create audio and block backends before
1983      * setting machine properties, so they can be referred to.
1984      */
1985     configure_blockdev(&bdo_queue, machine_class, snapshot);
1986     audio_init_audiodevs();
1987     if (default_audio) {
1988         audio_create_default_audiodevs();
1989     }
1990 }
1991 
1992 
1993 /*
1994  * The remainder of object creation happens after the
1995  * creation of chardev, fsdev, net clients and device data types.
1996  */
1997 static bool object_create_late(const char *type)
1998 {
1999     return !object_create_early(type) && !object_create_pre_sandbox(type);
2000 }
2001 
2002 static void qemu_create_late_backends(void)
2003 {
2004     if (qtest_chrdev) {
2005         qtest_server_init(qtest_chrdev, qtest_log, &error_fatal);
2006     }
2007 
2008     net_init_clients();
2009 
2010     object_option_foreach_add(object_create_late);
2011 
2012     if (tpm_init() < 0) {
2013         exit(1);
2014     }
2015 
2016     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("mon"),
2017                       mon_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
2018 
2019     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, serial_parse) < 0)
2020         exit(1);
2021     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, parallel_parse) < 0)
2022         exit(1);
2023     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_DEBUGCON, debugcon_parse) < 0)
2024         exit(1);
2025 
2026     /* now chardevs have been created we may have semihosting to connect */
2027     qemu_semihosting_chardev_init();
2028 }
2029 
2030 static void qemu_resolve_machine_memdev(void)
2031 {
2032     if (ram_memdev_id) {
2033         Object *backend;
2034         ram_addr_t backend_size;
2035 
2036         backend = object_resolve_path_type(ram_memdev_id,
2037                                            TYPE_MEMORY_BACKEND, NULL);
2038         if (!backend) {
2039             error_report("Memory backend '%s' not found", ram_memdev_id);
2040             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2041         }
2042         if (!have_custom_ram_size) {
2043             backend_size = object_property_get_uint(backend, "size",  &error_abort);
2044             current_machine->ram_size = backend_size;
2045         }
2046         object_property_set_link(OBJECT(current_machine),
2047                                  "memory-backend", backend, &error_fatal);
2048     }
2049 }
2050 
2051 static void parse_memory_options(void)
2052 {
2053     QemuOpts *opts = qemu_find_opts_singleton("memory");
2054     QDict *dict, *prop;
2055     const char *mem_str;
2056     Location loc;
2057 
2058     loc_push_none(&loc);
2059     qemu_opts_loc_restore(opts);
2060 
2061     prop = qdict_new();
2062 
2063     if (qemu_opt_get_size(opts, "size", 0) != 0) {
2064         /* Fix up legacy suffix-less format */
2065         mem_str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "size");
2066         if (g_ascii_isdigit(mem_str[strlen(mem_str) - 1])) {
2067             g_autofree char *mib_str = g_strdup_printf("%sM", mem_str);
2068             qdict_put_str(prop, "size", mib_str);
2069         } else {
2070             qdict_put_str(prop, "size", mem_str);
2071         }
2072     }
2073 
2074     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "maxmem")) {
2075         qdict_put_str(prop, "max-size", qemu_opt_get(opts, "maxmem"));
2076     }
2077     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "slots")) {
2078         qdict_put_str(prop, "slots", qemu_opt_get(opts, "slots"));
2079     }
2080 
2081     dict = qdict_new();
2082     qdict_put(dict, "memory", prop);
2083     keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, dict, &error_fatal);
2084     qobject_unref(dict);
2085     loc_pop(&loc);
2086 }
2087 
2088 static void qemu_create_machine(QDict *qdict)
2089 {
2090     MachineClass *machine_class = select_machine(qdict, &error_fatal);
2091     object_set_machine_compat_props(machine_class->compat_props);
2092 
2093     current_machine = MACHINE(object_new_with_class(OBJECT_CLASS(machine_class)));
2094     object_property_add_child(object_get_root(), "machine",
2095                               OBJECT(current_machine));
2096     object_property_add_child(container_get(OBJECT(current_machine),
2097                                             "/unattached"),
2098                               "sysbus", OBJECT(sysbus_get_default()));
2099 
2100     if (machine_class->minimum_page_bits) {
2101         if (!set_preferred_target_page_bits(machine_class->minimum_page_bits)) {
2102             /* This would be a board error: specifying a minimum smaller than
2103              * a target's compile-time fixed setting.
2104              */
2105             g_assert_not_reached();
2106         }
2107     }
2108 
2109     cpu_exec_init_all();
2110     page_size_init();
2111 
2112     if (machine_class->hw_version) {
2113         qemu_set_hw_version(machine_class->hw_version);
2114     }
2115 
2116     /*
2117      * Get the default machine options from the machine if it is not already
2118      * specified either by the configuration file or by the command line.
2119      */
2120     if (machine_class->default_machine_opts) {
2121         QDict *default_opts =
2122             keyval_parse(machine_class->default_machine_opts, NULL, NULL,
2123                          &error_abort);
2124         qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(default_opts);
2125         object_set_properties_from_keyval(OBJECT(current_machine), default_opts,
2126                                           false, &error_abort);
2127         qobject_unref(default_opts);
2128     }
2129 }
2130 
2131 static int global_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
2132 {
2133     GlobalProperty *g;
2134 
2135     g = g_malloc0(sizeof(*g));
2136     g->driver   = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
2137     g->property = qemu_opt_get(opts, "property");
2138     g->value    = qemu_opt_get(opts, "value");
2139     qdev_prop_register_global(g);
2140     return 0;
2141 }
2142 
2143 /*
2144  * Return whether configuration group @group is stored in QemuOpts, or
2145  * recorded as one or more QDicts by qemu_record_config_group.
2146  */
2147 static bool is_qemuopts_group(const char *group)
2148 {
2149     if (g_str_equal(group, "object") ||
2150         g_str_equal(group, "audiodev") ||
2151         g_str_equal(group, "machine") ||
2152         g_str_equal(group, "smp-opts") ||
2153         g_str_equal(group, "boot-opts")) {
2154         return false;
2155     }
2156     return true;
2157 }
2158 
2159 static void qemu_record_config_group(const char *group, QDict *dict,
2160                                      bool from_json, Error **errp)
2161 {
2162     if (g_str_equal(group, "object")) {
2163         Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
2164         object_option_add_visitor(v);
2165         visit_free(v);
2166 
2167     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "audiodev")) {
2168         Audiodev *dev = NULL;
2169         Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
2170         if (visit_type_Audiodev(v, NULL, &dev, errp)) {
2171             audio_define(dev);
2172         }
2173         visit_free(v);
2174 
2175     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "machine")) {
2176         /*
2177          * Cannot merge string-valued and type-safe dictionaries, so JSON
2178          * is not accepted yet for -M.
2179          */
2180         assert(!from_json);
2181         keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, dict, errp);
2182     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "smp-opts")) {
2183         machine_merge_property("smp", dict, &error_fatal);
2184     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "boot-opts")) {
2185         machine_merge_property("boot", dict, &error_fatal);
2186     } else {
2187         abort();
2188     }
2189 }
2190 
2191 /*
2192  * Parse non-QemuOpts config file groups, pass the rest to
2193  * qemu_config_do_parse.
2194  */
2195 static void qemu_parse_config_group(const char *group, QDict *qdict,
2196                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
2197 {
2198     QObject *crumpled;
2199     if (is_qemuopts_group(group)) {
2200         qemu_config_do_parse(group, qdict, opaque, errp);
2201         return;
2202     }
2203 
2204     crumpled = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
2205     if (!crumpled) {
2206         return;
2207     }
2208     switch (qobject_type(crumpled)) {
2209     case QTYPE_QDICT:
2210         qemu_record_config_group(group, qobject_to(QDict, crumpled), false, errp);
2211         break;
2212     case QTYPE_QLIST:
2213         error_setg(errp, "Lists cannot be at top level of a configuration section");
2214         break;
2215     default:
2216         g_assert_not_reached();
2217     }
2218     qobject_unref(crumpled);
2219 }
2220 
2221 static void qemu_read_default_config_file(Error **errp)
2222 {
2223     ERRP_GUARD();
2224     int ret;
2225     g_autofree char *file = get_relocated_path(CONFIG_QEMU_CONFDIR "/qemu.conf");
2226 
2227     ret = qemu_read_config_file(file, qemu_parse_config_group, errp);
2228     if (ret < 0) {
2229         if (ret == -ENOENT) {
2230             error_free(*errp);
2231             *errp = NULL;
2232         }
2233     }
2234 }
2235 
2236 static void qemu_set_option(const char *str, Error **errp)
2237 {
2238     char group[64], id[64], arg[64];
2239     QemuOptsList *list;
2240     QemuOpts *opts;
2241     int rc, offset;
2242 
2243     rc = sscanf(str, "%63[^.].%63[^.].%63[^=]%n", group, id, arg, &offset);
2244     if (rc < 3 || str[offset] != '=') {
2245         error_setg(errp, "can't parse: \"%s\"", str);
2246         return;
2247     }
2248 
2249     if (!is_qemuopts_group(group)) {
2250         error_setg(errp, "-set is not supported with %s", group);
2251     } else {
2252         list = qemu_find_opts_err(group, errp);
2253         if (list) {
2254             opts = qemu_opts_find(list, id);
2255             if (!opts) {
2256                 error_setg(errp, "there is no %s \"%s\" defined", group, id);
2257                 return;
2258             }
2259             qemu_opt_set(opts, arg, str + offset + 1, errp);
2260         }
2261     }
2262 }
2263 
2264 static void user_register_global_props(void)
2265 {
2266     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("global"),
2267                       global_init_func, NULL, NULL);
2268 }
2269 
2270 static int do_configure_icount(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
2271 {
2272     return !icount_configure(opts, errp);
2273 }
2274 
2275 static int accelerator_set_property(void *opaque,
2276                                 const char *name, const char *value,
2277                                 Error **errp)
2278 {
2279     return object_parse_property_opt(opaque, name, value, "accel", errp);
2280 }
2281 
2282 static int do_configure_accelerator(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
2283 {
2284     bool *p_init_failed = opaque;
2285     const char *acc = qemu_opt_get(opts, "accel");
2286     AccelClass *ac = accel_find(acc);
2287     AccelState *accel;
2288     int ret;
2289     bool qtest_with_kvm;
2290 
2291     if (!acc) {
2292         error_setg(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "accel");
2293         goto bad;
2294     }
2295 
2296     qtest_with_kvm = g_str_equal(acc, "kvm") && qtest_chrdev != NULL;
2297 
2298     if (!ac) {
2299         if (!qtest_with_kvm) {
2300             error_report("invalid accelerator %s", acc);
2301         }
2302         goto bad;
2303     }
2304     accel = ACCEL(object_new_with_class(OBJECT_CLASS(ac)));
2305     object_apply_compat_props(OBJECT(accel));
2306     qemu_opt_foreach(opts, accelerator_set_property,
2307                      accel,
2308                      &error_fatal);
2309 
2310     ret = accel_init_machine(accel, current_machine);
2311     if (ret < 0) {
2312         if (!qtest_with_kvm || ret != -ENOENT) {
2313             error_report("failed to initialize %s: %s", acc, strerror(-ret));
2314         }
2315         goto bad;
2316     }
2317 
2318     return 1;
2319 
2320 bad:
2321     *p_init_failed = true;
2322     return 0;
2323 }
2324 
2325 static void configure_accelerators(const char *progname)
2326 {
2327     bool init_failed = false;
2328 
2329     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("icount"),
2330                       do_configure_icount, NULL, &error_fatal);
2331 
2332     if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&qemu_accel_opts.head)) {
2333         char **accel_list, **tmp;
2334 
2335         if (accelerators == NULL) {
2336             /* Select the default accelerator */
2337             bool have_tcg = accel_find("tcg");
2338             bool have_kvm = accel_find("kvm");
2339 
2340             if (have_tcg && have_kvm) {
2341                 if (g_str_has_suffix(progname, "kvm")) {
2342                     /* If the program name ends with "kvm", we prefer KVM */
2343                     accelerators = "kvm:tcg";
2344                 } else {
2345                     accelerators = "tcg:kvm";
2346                 }
2347             } else if (have_kvm) {
2348                 accelerators = "kvm";
2349             } else if (have_tcg) {
2350                 accelerators = "tcg";
2351             } else {
2352                 error_report("No accelerator selected and"
2353                              " no default accelerator available");
2354                 exit(1);
2355             }
2356         }
2357         accel_list = g_strsplit(accelerators, ":", 0);
2358 
2359         for (tmp = accel_list; *tmp; tmp++) {
2360             /*
2361              * Filter invalid accelerators here, to prevent obscenities
2362              * such as "-machine accel=tcg,,thread=single".
2363              */
2364             if (accel_find(*tmp)) {
2365                 qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("accel"), *tmp, true);
2366             } else {
2367                 init_failed = true;
2368                 error_report("invalid accelerator %s", *tmp);
2369             }
2370         }
2371         g_strfreev(accel_list);
2372     } else {
2373         if (accelerators != NULL) {
2374             error_report("The -accel and \"-machine accel=\" options are incompatible");
2375             exit(1);
2376         }
2377     }
2378 
2379     if (!qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("accel"),
2380                            do_configure_accelerator, &init_failed, &error_fatal)) {
2381         if (!init_failed) {
2382             error_report("no accelerator found");
2383         }
2384         exit(1);
2385     }
2386 
2387     if (init_failed && !qtest_chrdev) {
2388         error_report("falling back to %s", current_accel_name());
2389     }
2390 
2391     if (icount_enabled() && !tcg_enabled()) {
2392         error_report("-icount is not allowed with hardware virtualization");
2393         exit(1);
2394     }
2395 }
2396 
2397 static void qemu_validate_options(const QDict *machine_opts)
2398 {
2399     const char *kernel_filename = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "kernel");
2400     const char *initrd_filename = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "initrd");
2401     const char *kernel_cmdline = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "append");
2402 
2403     if (kernel_filename == NULL) {
2404          if (kernel_cmdline != NULL) {
2405               error_report("-append only allowed with -kernel option");
2406               exit(1);
2407           }
2408 
2409           if (initrd_filename != NULL) {
2410               error_report("-initrd only allowed with -kernel option");
2411               exit(1);
2412           }
2413     }
2414 
2415     if (loadvm && incoming) {
2416         error_report("'incoming' and 'loadvm' options are mutually exclusive");
2417         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2418     }
2419     if (loadvm && preconfig_requested) {
2420         error_report("'preconfig' and 'loadvm' options are "
2421                      "mutually exclusive");
2422         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2423     }
2424     if (incoming && preconfig_requested && strcmp(incoming, "defer") != 0) {
2425         error_report("'preconfig' supports '-incoming defer' only");
2426         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2427     }
2428 
2429 #ifdef CONFIG_CURSES
2430     if (is_daemonized() && dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_CURSES) {
2431         error_report("curses display cannot be used with -daemonize");
2432         exit(1);
2433     }
2434 #endif
2435 }
2436 
2437 static void qemu_process_sugar_options(void)
2438 {
2439     if (mem_prealloc) {
2440         QObject *smp = qdict_get(machine_opts_dict, "smp");
2441         if (smp && qobject_type(smp) == QTYPE_QDICT) {
2442             QObject *cpus = qdict_get(qobject_to(QDict, smp), "cpus");
2443             if (cpus && qobject_type(cpus) == QTYPE_QSTRING) {
2444                 const char *val = qstring_get_str(qobject_to(QString, cpus));
2445                 object_register_sugar_prop("memory-backend", "prealloc-threads",
2446                                            val, false);
2447             }
2448         }
2449         object_register_sugar_prop("memory-backend", "prealloc", "on", false);
2450     }
2451 }
2452 
2453 /* -action processing */
2454 
2455 /*
2456  * Process all the -action parameters parsed from cmdline.
2457  */
2458 static int process_runstate_actions(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
2459 {
2460     Error *local_err = NULL;
2461     QDict *qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
2462     QObject *ret = NULL;
2463     qmp_marshal_set_action(qdict, &ret, &local_err);
2464     qobject_unref(ret);
2465     qobject_unref(qdict);
2466     if (local_err) {
2467         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2468         return 1;
2469     }
2470     return 0;
2471 }
2472 
2473 static void qemu_process_early_options(void)
2474 {
2475     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("name"),
2476                       parse_name, NULL, &error_fatal);
2477 
2478     object_option_foreach_add(object_create_pre_sandbox);
2479 
2480 #ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP
2481     QemuOptsList *olist = qemu_find_opts_err("sandbox", NULL);
2482     if (olist) {
2483         qemu_opts_foreach(olist, parse_sandbox, NULL, &error_fatal);
2484     }
2485 #endif
2486 
2487     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("action"),
2488                           process_runstate_actions, NULL, &error_fatal)) {
2489         exit(1);
2490     }
2491 
2492 #ifndef _WIN32
2493     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
2494                       parse_add_fd, NULL, &error_fatal);
2495 
2496     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
2497                       cleanup_add_fd, NULL, &error_fatal);
2498 #endif
2499 
2500     /* Open the logfile at this point and set the log mask if necessary.  */
2501     {
2502         int mask = 0;
2503         if (log_mask) {
2504             mask = qemu_str_to_log_mask(log_mask);
2505             if (!mask) {
2506                 qemu_print_log_usage(stdout);
2507                 exit(1);
2508             }
2509         }
2510         qemu_set_log_filename_flags(log_file, mask, &error_fatal);
2511     }
2512 
2513     qemu_add_default_firmwarepath();
2514 }
2515 
2516 static void qemu_process_help_options(void)
2517 {
2518     /*
2519      * Check for -cpu help and -device help before we call select_machine(),
2520      * which will return an error if the architecture has no default machine
2521      * type and the user did not specify one, so that the user doesn't need
2522      * to say '-cpu help -machine something'.
2523      */
2524     if (cpu_option && is_help_option(cpu_option)) {
2525         list_cpus();
2526         exit(0);
2527     }
2528 
2529     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
2530                           device_help_func, NULL, NULL)) {
2531         exit(0);
2532     }
2533 
2534     /* -L help lists the data directories and exits. */
2535     if (list_data_dirs) {
2536         qemu_list_data_dirs();
2537         exit(0);
2538     }
2539 }
2540 
2541 static void qemu_maybe_daemonize(const char *pid_file)
2542 {
2543     Error *err = NULL;
2544 
2545     os_daemonize();
2546     rcu_disable_atfork();
2547 
2548     if (pid_file) {
2549         char *pid_file_realpath = NULL;
2550 
2551         if (!qemu_write_pidfile(pid_file, &err)) {
2552             error_reportf_err(err, "cannot create PID file: ");
2553             exit(1);
2554         }
2555 
2556         pid_file_realpath = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
2557         if (!realpath(pid_file, pid_file_realpath)) {
2558             if (errno != ENOENT) {
2559                 warn_report("not removing PID file on exit: cannot resolve PID "
2560                             "file path: %s: %s", pid_file, strerror(errno));
2561             }
2562             return;
2563         }
2564 
2565         qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier = (struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier) {
2566             .notifier = {
2567                 .notify = qemu_unlink_pidfile,
2568             },
2569             .pid_file_realpath = pid_file_realpath,
2570         };
2571         qemu_add_exit_notifier(&qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier.notifier);
2572     }
2573 }
2574 
2575 static void qemu_init_displays(void)
2576 {
2577     DisplayState *ds;
2578 
2579     /* init local displays */
2580     ds = init_displaystate();
2581     qemu_display_init(ds, &dpy);
2582 
2583     /* must be after terminal init, SDL library changes signal handlers */
2584     os_setup_signal_handling();
2585 
2586     /* init remote displays */
2587 #ifdef CONFIG_VNC
2588     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("vnc"),
2589                       vnc_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
2590 #endif
2591 
2592     if (using_spice) {
2593         qemu_spice.display_init();
2594     }
2595 }
2596 
2597 static void qemu_init_board(void)
2598 {
2599     /* process plugin before CPUs are created, but once -smp has been parsed */
2600     qemu_plugin_load_list(&plugin_list, &error_fatal);
2601 
2602     /* From here on we enter MACHINE_PHASE_INITIALIZED.  */
2603     machine_run_board_init(current_machine, mem_path, &error_fatal);
2604 
2605     drive_check_orphaned();
2606 
2607     realtime_init();
2608 }
2609 
2610 static void qemu_create_cli_devices(void)
2611 {
2612     DeviceOption *opt;
2613 
2614     soundhw_init();
2615 
2616     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("fw_cfg"),
2617                       parse_fw_cfg, fw_cfg_find(), &error_fatal);
2618 
2619     /* init USB devices */
2620     if (machine_usb(current_machine)) {
2621         if (foreach_device_config(DEV_USB, usb_parse) < 0)
2622             exit(1);
2623     }
2624 
2625     /* init generic devices */
2626     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_DEVICE);
2627     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
2628                       device_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
2629     QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &device_opts, next) {
2630         DeviceState *dev;
2631         loc_push_restore(&opt->loc);
2632         /*
2633          * TODO Eventually we should call qmp_device_add() here to make sure it
2634          * behaves the same, but QMP still has to accept incorrectly typed
2635          * options until libvirt is fixed and we want to be strict on the CLI
2636          * from the start, so call qdev_device_add_from_qdict() directly for
2637          * now.
2638          */
2639         dev = qdev_device_add_from_qdict(opt->opts, true, &error_fatal);
2640         object_unref(OBJECT(dev));
2641         loc_pop(&opt->loc);
2642     }
2643     rom_reset_order_override();
2644 }
2645 
2646 static void qemu_machine_creation_done(void)
2647 {
2648     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
2649 
2650     /* Did we create any drives that we failed to create a device for? */
2651     drive_check_orphaned();
2652 
2653     /* Don't warn about the default network setup that you get if
2654      * no command line -net or -netdev options are specified. There
2655      * are two cases that we would otherwise complain about:
2656      * (1) board doesn't support a NIC but the implicit "-net nic"
2657      * requested one
2658      * (2) CONFIG_SLIRP not set, in which case the implicit "-net nic"
2659      * sets up a nic that isn't connected to anything.
2660      */
2661     if (!default_net && (!qtest_enabled() || has_defaults)) {
2662         net_check_clients();
2663     }
2664 
2665     qdev_prop_check_globals();
2666 
2667     qdev_machine_creation_done();
2668 
2669     if (machine->cgs) {
2670         /*
2671          * Verify that Confidential Guest Support has actually been initialized
2672          */
2673         assert(machine->cgs->ready);
2674     }
2675 
2676     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_GDB, gdbserver_start) < 0) {
2677         exit(1);
2678     }
2679     if (!vga_interface_created && !default_vga &&
2680         vga_interface_type != VGA_NONE) {
2681         warn_report("A -vga option was passed but this machine "
2682                     "type does not use that option; "
2683                     "No VGA device has been created");
2684     }
2685 }
2686 
2687 void qmp_x_exit_preconfig(Error **errp)
2688 {
2689     if (phase_check(PHASE_MACHINE_INITIALIZED)) {
2690         error_setg(errp, "The command is permitted only before machine initialization");
2691         return;
2692     }
2693 
2694     qemu_init_board();
2695     qemu_create_cli_devices();
2696     qemu_machine_creation_done();
2697 
2698     if (loadvm) {
2699         RunState state = autostart ? RUN_STATE_RUNNING : runstate_get();
2700         load_snapshot(loadvm, NULL, false, NULL, &error_fatal);
2701         load_snapshot_resume(state);
2702     }
2703     if (replay_mode != REPLAY_MODE_NONE) {
2704         replay_vmstate_init();
2705     }
2706 
2707     if (incoming) {
2708         Error *local_err = NULL;
2709         if (strcmp(incoming, "defer") != 0) {
2710             qmp_migrate_incoming(incoming, false, NULL, &local_err);
2711             if (local_err) {
2712                 error_reportf_err(local_err, "-incoming %s: ", incoming);
2713                 exit(1);
2714             }
2715         }
2716     } else if (autostart) {
2717         qmp_cont(NULL);
2718     }
2719 }
2720 
2721 void qemu_init(int argc, char **argv)
2722 {
2723     QemuOpts *opts;
2724     QemuOpts *icount_opts = NULL, *accel_opts = NULL;
2725     QemuOptsList *olist;
2726     int optind;
2727     const char *optarg;
2728     MachineClass *machine_class;
2729     bool userconfig = true;
2730     FILE *vmstate_dump_file = NULL;
2731 
2732     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_drive_opts);
2733     qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_legacy_drive_opts);
2734     qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_common_drive_opts);
2735     qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_drive_opts);
2736     qemu_add_drive_opts(&bdrv_runtime_opts);
2737     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_chardev_opts);
2738     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_device_opts);
2739     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_netdev_opts);
2740     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_nic_opts);
2741     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_net_opts);
2742     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_rtc_opts);
2743     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_global_opts);
2744     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_mon_opts);
2745     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
2746     qemu_plugin_add_opts();
2747     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_option_rom_opts);
2748     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_accel_opts);
2749     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_mem_opts);
2750     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_smp_opts);
2751     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_boot_opts);
2752     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_add_fd_opts);
2753     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
2754     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_tpmdev_opts);
2755     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_overcommit_opts);
2756     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_msg_opts);
2757     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_name_opts);
2758     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_numa_opts);
2759     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_icount_opts);
2760     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_semihosting_config_opts);
2761     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_fw_cfg_opts);
2762     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_action_opts);
2763     qemu_add_run_with_opts();
2764     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_OPTS);
2765 
2766     error_init(argv[0]);
2767     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
2768 
2769     qemu_init_arch_modules();
2770 
2771     qemu_init_subsystems();
2772 
2773     /* first pass of option parsing */
2774     optind = 1;
2775     while (optind < argc) {
2776         if (argv[optind][0] != '-') {
2777             /* disk image */
2778             optind++;
2779         } else {
2780             const QEMUOption *popt;
2781 
2782             popt = lookup_opt(argc, argv, &optarg, &optind);
2783             switch (popt->index) {
2784             case QEMU_OPTION_nouserconfig:
2785                 userconfig = false;
2786                 break;
2787             }
2788         }
2789     }
2790 
2791     machine_opts_dict = qdict_new();
2792     if (userconfig) {
2793         qemu_read_default_config_file(&error_fatal);
2794     }
2795 
2796     /* second pass of option parsing */
2797     optind = 1;
2798     for(;;) {
2799         if (optind >= argc)
2800             break;
2801         if (argv[optind][0] != '-') {
2802             loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind, 1);
2803             drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, 0, argv[optind++], HD_OPTS);
2804         } else {
2805             const QEMUOption *popt;
2806 
2807             popt = lookup_opt(argc, argv, &optarg, &optind);
2808             if (!(popt->arch_mask & arch_type)) {
2809                 error_report("Option not supported for this target");
2810                 exit(1);
2811             }
2812             switch(popt->index) {
2813             case QEMU_OPTION_cpu:
2814                 /* hw initialization will check this */
2815                 cpu_option = optarg;
2816                 break;
2817             case QEMU_OPTION_hda:
2818             case QEMU_OPTION_hdb:
2819             case QEMU_OPTION_hdc:
2820             case QEMU_OPTION_hdd:
2821                 drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, popt->index - QEMU_OPTION_hda, optarg,
2822                           HD_OPTS);
2823                 break;
2824             case QEMU_OPTION_blockdev:
2825                 {
2826                     Visitor *v;
2827                     BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry *bdo;
2828 
2829                     v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(optarg, "driver",
2830                                                       &error_fatal);
2831 
2832                     bdo = g_new(BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry, 1);
2833                     visit_type_BlockdevOptions(v, NULL, &bdo->bdo,
2834                                                &error_fatal);
2835                     visit_free(v);
2836                     loc_save(&bdo->loc);
2837                     QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bdo_queue, bdo, entry);
2838                     break;
2839                 }
2840             case QEMU_OPTION_drive:
2841                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("drive"),
2842                                                optarg, false);
2843                 if (opts == NULL) {
2844                     exit(1);
2845                 }
2846                 break;
2847             case QEMU_OPTION_set:
2848                 qemu_set_option(optarg, &error_fatal);
2849                 break;
2850             case QEMU_OPTION_global:
2851                 if (qemu_global_option(optarg) != 0)
2852                     exit(1);
2853                 break;
2854             case QEMU_OPTION_mtdblock:
2855                 drive_add(IF_MTD, -1, optarg, MTD_OPTS);
2856                 break;
2857             case QEMU_OPTION_sd:
2858                 drive_add(IF_SD, -1, optarg, SD_OPTS);
2859                 break;
2860             case QEMU_OPTION_pflash:
2861                 drive_add(IF_PFLASH, -1, optarg, PFLASH_OPTS);
2862                 break;
2863             case QEMU_OPTION_snapshot:
2864                 snapshot = 1;
2865                 replay_add_blocker("-snapshot");
2866                 break;
2867             case QEMU_OPTION_numa:
2868                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("numa"),
2869                                                optarg, true);
2870                 if (!opts) {
2871                     exit(1);
2872                 }
2873                 break;
2874             case QEMU_OPTION_display:
2875                 parse_display(optarg);
2876                 break;
2877             case QEMU_OPTION_nographic:
2878                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "graphics", "off");
2879                 nographic = true;
2880                 dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
2881                 break;
2882             case QEMU_OPTION_portrait:
2883                 graphic_rotate = 90;
2884                 break;
2885             case QEMU_OPTION_rotate:
2886                 graphic_rotate = strtol(optarg, (char **) &optarg, 10);
2887                 if (graphic_rotate != 0 && graphic_rotate != 90 &&
2888                     graphic_rotate != 180 && graphic_rotate != 270) {
2889                     error_report("only 90, 180, 270 deg rotation is available");
2890                     exit(1);
2891                 }
2892                 break;
2893             case QEMU_OPTION_kernel:
2894                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "kernel", optarg);
2895                 break;
2896             case QEMU_OPTION_initrd:
2897                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "initrd", optarg);
2898                 break;
2899             case QEMU_OPTION_append:
2900                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "append", optarg);
2901                 break;
2902             case QEMU_OPTION_dtb:
2903                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "dtb", optarg);
2904                 break;
2905             case QEMU_OPTION_cdrom:
2906                 drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, 2, optarg, CDROM_OPTS);
2907                 break;
2908             case QEMU_OPTION_boot:
2909                 machine_parse_property_opt(qemu_find_opts("boot-opts"), "boot", optarg);
2910                 break;
2911             case QEMU_OPTION_fda:
2912             case QEMU_OPTION_fdb:
2913                 drive_add(IF_FLOPPY, popt->index - QEMU_OPTION_fda,
2914                           optarg, FD_OPTS);
2915                 break;
2916             case QEMU_OPTION_no_fd_bootchk:
2917                 fd_bootchk = 0;
2918                 break;
2919             case QEMU_OPTION_netdev:
2920                 default_net = 0;
2921                 if (netdev_is_modern(optarg)) {
2922                     netdev_parse_modern(optarg);
2923                 } else {
2924                     net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("netdev"), optarg);
2925                 }
2926                 break;
2927             case QEMU_OPTION_nic:
2928                 default_net = 0;
2929                 net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("nic"), optarg);
2930                 break;
2931             case QEMU_OPTION_net:
2932                 default_net = 0;
2933                 net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("net"), optarg);
2934                 break;
2935 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBISCSI
2936             case QEMU_OPTION_iscsi:
2937                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("iscsi"),
2938                                                optarg, false);
2939                 if (!opts) {
2940                     exit(1);
2941                 }
2942                 break;
2943 #endif
2944             case QEMU_OPTION_audiodev:
2945                 default_audio = 0;
2946                 audio_parse_option(optarg);
2947                 break;
2948             case QEMU_OPTION_audio: {
2949                 bool help;
2950                 char *model = NULL;
2951                 Audiodev *dev = NULL;
2952                 Visitor *v;
2953                 QDict *dict = keyval_parse(optarg, "driver", &help, &error_fatal);
2954                 default_audio = 0;
2955                 if (help || (qdict_haskey(dict, "driver") &&
2956                              is_help_option(qdict_get_str(dict, "driver")))) {
2957                     audio_help();
2958                     exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
2959                 }
2960                 if (!qdict_haskey(dict, "id")) {
2961                     qdict_put_str(dict, "id", "audiodev0");
2962                 }
2963                 if (qdict_haskey(dict, "model")) {
2964                     model = g_strdup(qdict_get_str(dict, "model"));
2965                     qdict_del(dict, "model");
2966                     if (is_help_option(model)) {
2967                         show_valid_soundhw();
2968                         exit(0);
2969                     }
2970                 }
2971                 v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
2972                 qobject_unref(dict);
2973                 visit_type_Audiodev(v, NULL, &dev, &error_fatal);
2974                 visit_free(v);
2975                 if (model) {
2976                     audio_define(dev);
2977                     select_soundhw(model, dev->id);
2978                     g_free(model);
2979                 } else {
2980                     audio_define_default(dev, &error_fatal);
2981                 }
2982                 break;
2983             }
2984             case QEMU_OPTION_h:
2985                 help(0);
2986                 break;
2987             case QEMU_OPTION_version:
2988                 version();
2989                 exit(0);
2990                 break;
2991             case QEMU_OPTION_m:
2992                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("memory"), optarg, true);
2993                 if (opts == NULL) {
2994                     exit(1);
2995                 }
2996                 break;
2997 #ifdef CONFIG_TPM
2998             case QEMU_OPTION_tpmdev:
2999                 if (tpm_config_parse(qemu_find_opts("tpmdev"), optarg) < 0) {
3000                     exit(1);
3001                 }
3002                 break;
3003 #endif
3004             case QEMU_OPTION_mempath:
3005                 mem_path = optarg;
3006                 break;
3007             case QEMU_OPTION_mem_prealloc:
3008                 mem_prealloc = 1;
3009                 break;
3010             case QEMU_OPTION_d:
3011                 log_mask = optarg;
3012                 break;
3013             case QEMU_OPTION_D:
3014                 log_file = optarg;
3015                 break;
3016             case QEMU_OPTION_DFILTER:
3017                 qemu_set_dfilter_ranges(optarg, &error_fatal);
3018                 break;
3019 #if defined(CONFIG_TCG) && defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
3020             case QEMU_OPTION_perfmap:
3021                 perf_enable_perfmap();
3022                 break;
3023             case QEMU_OPTION_jitdump:
3024                 perf_enable_jitdump();
3025                 break;
3026 #endif
3027             case QEMU_OPTION_seed:
3028                 qemu_guest_random_seed_main(optarg, &error_fatal);
3029                 break;
3030             case QEMU_OPTION_s:
3031                 add_device_config(DEV_GDB, "tcp::" DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT);
3032                 break;
3033             case QEMU_OPTION_gdb:
3034                 add_device_config(DEV_GDB, optarg);
3035                 break;
3036             case QEMU_OPTION_L:
3037                 if (is_help_option(optarg)) {
3038                     list_data_dirs = true;
3039                 } else {
3040                     qemu_add_data_dir(g_strdup(optarg));
3041                 }
3042                 break;
3043             case QEMU_OPTION_bios:
3044                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "firmware", optarg);
3045                 break;
3046             case QEMU_OPTION_S:
3047                 autostart = 0;
3048                 break;
3049             case QEMU_OPTION_k:
3050                 keyboard_layout = optarg;
3051                 break;
3052             case QEMU_OPTION_vga:
3053                 vga_model = optarg;
3054                 default_vga = 0;
3055                 break;
3056             case QEMU_OPTION_g:
3057                 {
3058                     const char *p;
3059                     int w, h, depth;
3060                     p = optarg;
3061                     w = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
3062                     if (w <= 0) {
3063                     graphic_error:
3064                         error_report("invalid resolution or depth");
3065                         exit(1);
3066                     }
3067                     if (*p != 'x')
3068                         goto graphic_error;
3069                     p++;
3070                     h = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
3071                     if (h <= 0)
3072                         goto graphic_error;
3073                     if (*p == 'x') {
3074                         p++;
3075                         depth = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
3076                         if (depth != 1 && depth != 2 && depth != 4 &&
3077                             depth != 8 && depth != 15 && depth != 16 &&
3078                             depth != 24 && depth != 32)
3079                             goto graphic_error;
3080                     } else if (*p == '\0') {
3081                         depth = graphic_depth;
3082                     } else {
3083                         goto graphic_error;
3084                     }
3085 
3086                     graphic_width = w;
3087                     graphic_height = h;
3088                     graphic_depth = depth;
3089                 }
3090                 break;
3091             case QEMU_OPTION_echr:
3092                 {
3093                     char *r;
3094                     term_escape_char = strtol(optarg, &r, 0);
3095                     if (r == optarg)
3096                         printf("Bad argument to echr\n");
3097                     break;
3098                 }
3099             case QEMU_OPTION_monitor:
3100                 default_monitor = 0;
3101                 if (strncmp(optarg, "none", 4)) {
3102                     monitor_parse(optarg, "readline", false);
3103                 }
3104                 break;
3105             case QEMU_OPTION_qmp:
3106                 monitor_parse(optarg, "control", false);
3107                 default_monitor = 0;
3108                 break;
3109             case QEMU_OPTION_qmp_pretty:
3110                 monitor_parse(optarg, "control", true);
3111                 default_monitor = 0;
3112                 break;
3113             case QEMU_OPTION_mon:
3114                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("mon"), optarg,
3115                                                true);
3116                 if (!opts) {
3117                     exit(1);
3118                 }
3119                 default_monitor = 0;
3120                 break;
3121             case QEMU_OPTION_chardev:
3122                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("chardev"),
3123                                                optarg, true);
3124                 if (!opts) {
3125                     exit(1);
3126                 }
3127                 break;
3128             case QEMU_OPTION_fsdev:
3129                 olist = qemu_find_opts("fsdev");
3130                 if (!olist) {
3131                     error_report("fsdev support is disabled");
3132                     exit(1);
3133                 }
3134                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
3135                 if (!opts) {
3136                     exit(1);
3137                 }
3138                 break;
3139             case QEMU_OPTION_virtfs: {
3140                 QemuOpts *fsdev;
3141                 QemuOpts *device;
3142                 const char *writeout, *sock_fd, *socket, *path, *security_model,
3143                            *multidevs;
3144 
3145                 olist = qemu_find_opts("virtfs");
3146                 if (!olist) {
3147                     error_report("virtfs support is disabled");
3148                     exit(1);
3149                 }
3150                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
3151                 if (!opts) {
3152                     exit(1);
3153                 }
3154 
3155                 if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "fsdriver") == NULL ||
3156                     qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag") == NULL) {
3157                     error_report("Usage: -virtfs fsdriver,mount_tag=tag");
3158                     exit(1);
3159                 }
3160                 fsdev = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"),
3161                                          qemu_opts_id(opts) ?:
3162                                          qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"),
3163                                          1, NULL);
3164                 if (!fsdev) {
3165                     error_report("duplicate or invalid fsdev id: %s",
3166                                  qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"));
3167                     exit(1);
3168                 }
3169 
3170                 writeout = qemu_opt_get(opts, "writeout");
3171                 if (writeout) {
3172 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
3173                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "writeout", writeout, &error_abort);
3174 #else
3175                     error_report("writeout=immediate not supported "
3176                                  "on this platform");
3177                     exit(1);
3178 #endif
3179                 }
3180                 qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "fsdriver",
3181                              qemu_opt_get(opts, "fsdriver"), &error_abort);
3182                 path = qemu_opt_get(opts, "path");
3183                 if (path) {
3184                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "path", path, &error_abort);
3185                 }
3186                 security_model = qemu_opt_get(opts, "security_model");
3187                 if (security_model) {
3188                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "security_model", security_model,
3189                                  &error_abort);
3190                 }
3191                 socket = qemu_opt_get(opts, "socket");
3192                 if (socket) {
3193                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "socket", socket, &error_abort);
3194                 }
3195                 sock_fd = qemu_opt_get(opts, "sock_fd");
3196                 if (sock_fd) {
3197                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "sock_fd", sock_fd, &error_abort);
3198                 }
3199 
3200                 qemu_opt_set_bool(fsdev, "readonly",
3201                                   qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "readonly", 0),
3202                                   &error_abort);
3203                 multidevs = qemu_opt_get(opts, "multidevs");
3204                 if (multidevs) {
3205                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "multidevs", multidevs, &error_abort);
3206                 }
3207                 device = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0,
3208                                           &error_abort);
3209                 qemu_opt_set(device, "driver", "virtio-9p-pci", &error_abort);
3210                 qemu_opt_set(device, "fsdev",
3211                              qemu_opts_id(fsdev), &error_abort);
3212                 qemu_opt_set(device, "mount_tag",
3213                              qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"), &error_abort);
3214                 break;
3215             }
3216             case QEMU_OPTION_serial:
3217                 add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, optarg);
3218                 default_serial = 0;
3219                 if (strncmp(optarg, "mon:", 4) == 0) {
3220                     default_monitor = 0;
3221                 }
3222                 break;
3223             case QEMU_OPTION_action:
3224                 olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
3225                 if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, false)) {
3226                      exit(1);
3227                 }
3228                 break;
3229             case QEMU_OPTION_watchdog_action: {
3230                 opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("action"), NULL, 0, &error_abort);
3231                 qemu_opt_set(opts, "watchdog", optarg, &error_abort);
3232                 break;
3233             }
3234             case QEMU_OPTION_parallel:
3235                 add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, optarg);
3236                 default_parallel = 0;
3237                 if (strncmp(optarg, "mon:", 4) == 0) {
3238                     default_monitor = 0;
3239                 }
3240                 break;
3241             case QEMU_OPTION_debugcon:
3242                 add_device_config(DEV_DEBUGCON, optarg);
3243                 break;
3244             case QEMU_OPTION_loadvm:
3245                 loadvm = optarg;
3246                 break;
3247             case QEMU_OPTION_full_screen:
3248                 dpy.has_full_screen = true;
3249                 dpy.full_screen = true;
3250                 break;
3251             case QEMU_OPTION_pidfile:
3252                 pid_file = optarg;
3253                 break;
3254             case QEMU_OPTION_win2k_hack:
3255                 win2k_install_hack = 1;
3256                 break;
3257             case QEMU_OPTION_acpitable:
3258                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("acpi"),
3259                                                optarg, true);
3260                 if (!opts) {
3261                     exit(1);
3262                 }
3263                 acpi_table_add(opts, &error_fatal);
3264                 break;
3265             case QEMU_OPTION_smbios:
3266                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("smbios"),
3267                                                optarg, false);
3268                 if (!opts) {
3269                     exit(1);
3270                 }
3271                 smbios_entry_add(opts, &error_fatal);
3272                 break;
3273             case QEMU_OPTION_fwcfg:
3274                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("fw_cfg"),
3275                                                optarg, true);
3276                 if (opts == NULL) {
3277                     exit(1);
3278                 }
3279                 break;
3280             case QEMU_OPTION_preconfig:
3281                 preconfig_requested = true;
3282                 break;
3283             case QEMU_OPTION_enable_kvm:
3284                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "accel", "kvm");
3285                 break;
3286             case QEMU_OPTION_M:
3287             case QEMU_OPTION_machine:
3288                 {
3289                     bool help;
3290 
3291                     keyval_parse_into(machine_opts_dict, optarg, "type", &help, &error_fatal);
3292                     if (help) {
3293                         machine_help_func(machine_opts_dict);
3294                         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
3295                     }
3296                     break;
3297                 }
3298             case QEMU_OPTION_accel:
3299                 accel_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("accel"),
3300                                                      optarg, true);
3301                 optarg = qemu_opt_get(accel_opts, "accel");
3302                 if (!optarg || is_help_option(optarg)) {
3303                     printf("Accelerators supported in QEMU binary:\n");
3304                     GSList *el, *accel_list = object_class_get_list(TYPE_ACCEL,
3305                                                                     false);
3306                     for (el = accel_list; el; el = el->next) {
3307                         gchar *typename = g_strdup(object_class_get_name(
3308                                                    OBJECT_CLASS(el->data)));
3309                         /* omit qtest which is used for tests only */
3310                         if (g_strcmp0(typename, ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("qtest")) &&
3311                             g_str_has_suffix(typename, ACCEL_CLASS_SUFFIX)) {
3312                             gchar **optname = g_strsplit(typename,
3313                                                          ACCEL_CLASS_SUFFIX, 0);
3314                             printf("%s\n", optname[0]);
3315                             g_strfreev(optname);
3316                         }
3317                         g_free(typename);
3318                     }
3319                     g_slist_free(accel_list);
3320                     exit(0);
3321                 }
3322                 break;
3323             case QEMU_OPTION_usb:
3324                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "usb", "on");
3325                 break;
3326             case QEMU_OPTION_usbdevice:
3327                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "usb", "on");
3328                 add_device_config(DEV_USB, optarg);
3329                 break;
3330             case QEMU_OPTION_device:
3331                 if (optarg[0] == '{') {
3332                     QObject *obj = qobject_from_json(optarg, &error_fatal);
3333                     DeviceOption *opt = g_new0(DeviceOption, 1);
3334                     opt->opts = qobject_to(QDict, obj);
3335                     loc_save(&opt->loc);
3336                     assert(opt->opts != NULL);
3337                     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&device_opts, opt, next);
3338                 } else {
3339                     if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("device"),
3340                                                  optarg, true)) {
3341                         exit(1);
3342                     }
3343                 }
3344                 break;
3345             case QEMU_OPTION_smp:
3346                 machine_parse_property_opt(qemu_find_opts("smp-opts"),
3347                                            "smp", optarg);
3348                 break;
3349 #ifdef CONFIG_VNC
3350             case QEMU_OPTION_vnc:
3351                 vnc_parse(optarg);
3352                 display_remote++;
3353                 break;
3354 #endif
3355             case QEMU_OPTION_no_reboot:
3356                 olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
3357                 qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, "reboot=shutdown", false);
3358                 break;
3359             case QEMU_OPTION_no_shutdown:
3360                 olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
3361                 qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, "shutdown=pause", false);
3362                 break;
3363             case QEMU_OPTION_uuid:
3364                 if (qemu_uuid_parse(optarg, &qemu_uuid) < 0) {
3365                     error_report("failed to parse UUID string: wrong format");
3366                     exit(1);
3367                 }
3368                 qemu_uuid_set = true;
3369                 break;
3370             case QEMU_OPTION_option_rom:
3371                 if (nb_option_roms >= MAX_OPTION_ROMS) {
3372                     error_report("too many option ROMs");
3373                     exit(1);
3374                 }
3375                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("option-rom"),
3376                                                optarg, true);
3377                 if (!opts) {
3378                     exit(1);
3379                 }
3380                 option_rom[nb_option_roms].name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "romfile");
3381                 option_rom[nb_option_roms].bootindex =
3382                     qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bootindex", -1);
3383                 if (!option_rom[nb_option_roms].name) {
3384                     error_report("Option ROM file is not specified");
3385                     exit(1);
3386                 }
3387                 nb_option_roms++;
3388                 break;
3389             case QEMU_OPTION_semihosting:
3390                 qemu_semihosting_enable();
3391                 break;
3392             case QEMU_OPTION_semihosting_config:
3393                 if (qemu_semihosting_config_options(optarg) != 0) {
3394                     exit(1);
3395                 }
3396                 break;
3397             case QEMU_OPTION_name:
3398                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("name"),
3399                                                optarg, true);
3400                 if (!opts) {
3401                     exit(1);
3402                 }
3403                 /* Capture guest name if -msg guest-name is used later */
3404                 error_guest_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "guest");
3405                 break;
3406             case QEMU_OPTION_prom_env:
3407                 if (nb_prom_envs >= MAX_PROM_ENVS) {
3408                     error_report("too many prom variables");
3409                     exit(1);
3410                 }
3411                 prom_envs[nb_prom_envs] = optarg;
3412                 nb_prom_envs++;
3413                 break;
3414             case QEMU_OPTION_old_param:
3415                 old_param = 1;
3416                 break;
3417             case QEMU_OPTION_rtc:
3418                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("rtc"), optarg,
3419                                                false);
3420                 if (!opts) {
3421                     exit(1);
3422                 }
3423                 break;
3424             case QEMU_OPTION_icount:
3425                 icount_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("icount"),
3426                                                       optarg, true);
3427                 if (!icount_opts) {
3428                     exit(1);
3429                 }
3430                 break;
3431             case QEMU_OPTION_incoming:
3432                 if (!incoming) {
3433                     runstate_set(RUN_STATE_INMIGRATE);
3434                 }
3435                 incoming = optarg;
3436                 break;
3437             case QEMU_OPTION_only_migratable:
3438                 only_migratable = 1;
3439                 break;
3440             case QEMU_OPTION_nodefaults:
3441                 has_defaults = 0;
3442                 break;
3443             case QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid:
3444                 if (!(accel_find("xen")) && !(accel_find("kvm"))) {
3445                     error_report("Option not supported for this target");
3446                     exit(1);
3447                 }
3448                 xen_domid = atoi(optarg);
3449                 break;
3450             case QEMU_OPTION_xen_attach:
3451                 if (!(accel_find("xen"))) {
3452                     error_report("Option not supported for this target");
3453                     exit(1);
3454                 }
3455                 xen_mode = XEN_ATTACH;
3456                 break;
3457             case QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid_restrict:
3458                 if (!(accel_find("xen"))) {
3459                     error_report("Option not supported for this target");
3460                     exit(1);
3461                 }
3462                 xen_domid_restrict = true;
3463                 break;
3464             case QEMU_OPTION_trace:
3465                 trace_opt_parse(optarg);
3466                 break;
3467             case QEMU_OPTION_plugin:
3468                 qemu_plugin_opt_parse(optarg, &plugin_list);
3469                 break;
3470             case QEMU_OPTION_readconfig:
3471                 qemu_read_config_file(optarg, qemu_parse_config_group, &error_fatal);
3472                 break;
3473 #ifdef CONFIG_SPICE
3474             case QEMU_OPTION_spice:
3475                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("spice"), optarg, false);
3476                 if (!opts) {
3477                     exit(1);
3478                 }
3479                 display_remote++;
3480                 break;
3481 #endif
3482             case QEMU_OPTION_qtest:
3483                 qtest_chrdev = optarg;
3484                 break;
3485             case QEMU_OPTION_qtest_log:
3486                 qtest_log = optarg;
3487                 break;
3488             case QEMU_OPTION_sandbox:
3489                 olist = qemu_find_opts("sandbox");
3490                 if (!olist) {
3491 #ifndef CONFIG_SECCOMP
3492                     error_report("-sandbox support is not enabled "
3493                                  "in this QEMU binary");
3494 #endif
3495                     exit(1);
3496                 }
3497 
3498                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
3499                 if (!opts) {
3500                     exit(1);
3501                 }
3502                 break;
3503             case QEMU_OPTION_add_fd:
3504 #ifndef _WIN32
3505                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
3506                                                optarg, false);
3507                 if (!opts) {
3508                     exit(1);
3509                 }
3510 #else
3511                 error_report("File descriptor passing is disabled on this "
3512                              "platform");
3513                 exit(1);
3514 #endif
3515                 break;
3516             case QEMU_OPTION_object:
3517                 object_option_parse(optarg);
3518                 break;
3519             case QEMU_OPTION_overcommit:
3520                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("overcommit"),
3521                                                optarg, false);
3522                 if (!opts) {
3523                     exit(1);
3524                 }
3525                 enable_mlock = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "mem-lock", false);
3526                 enable_cpu_pm = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "cpu-pm", false);
3527                 break;
3528             case QEMU_OPTION_compat:
3529                 {
3530                     CompatPolicy *opts_policy;
3531                     Visitor *v;
3532 
3533                     v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(optarg, NULL,
3534                                                       &error_fatal);
3535 
3536                     visit_type_CompatPolicy(v, NULL, &opts_policy, &error_fatal);
3537                     QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(CompatPolicy, &compat_policy, opts_policy);
3538 
3539                     qapi_free_CompatPolicy(opts_policy);
3540                     visit_free(v);
3541                     break;
3542                 }
3543             case QEMU_OPTION_msg:
3544                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("msg"), optarg,
3545                                                false);
3546                 if (!opts) {
3547                     exit(1);
3548                 }
3549                 configure_msg(opts);
3550                 break;
3551             case QEMU_OPTION_dump_vmstate:
3552                 if (vmstate_dump_file) {
3553                     error_report("only one '-dump-vmstate' "
3554                                  "option may be given");
3555                     exit(1);
3556                 }
3557                 vmstate_dump_file = fopen(optarg, "w");
3558                 if (vmstate_dump_file == NULL) {
3559                     error_report("open %s: %s", optarg, strerror(errno));
3560                     exit(1);
3561                 }
3562                 break;
3563             case QEMU_OPTION_enable_sync_profile:
3564                 qsp_enable();
3565                 break;
3566             case QEMU_OPTION_nouserconfig:
3567                 /* Nothing to be parsed here. Especially, do not error out below. */
3568                 break;
3569 #if defined(CONFIG_POSIX)
3570             case QEMU_OPTION_runas:
3571                 if (!os_set_runas(optarg)) {
3572                     error_report("User \"%s\" doesn't exist"
3573                                  " (and is not <uid>:<gid>)",
3574                                  optarg);
3575                     exit(1);
3576                 }
3577                 break;
3578             case QEMU_OPTION_daemonize:
3579                 os_set_daemonize(true);
3580                 break;
3581             case QEMU_OPTION_run_with: {
3582                 const char *str;
3583                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("run-with"),
3584                                                          optarg, false);
3585                 if (!opts) {
3586                     exit(1);
3587                 }
3588 #if defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
3589                 if (qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "async-teardown", false)) {
3590                     init_async_teardown();
3591                 }
3592 #endif
3593                 str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "chroot");
3594                 if (str) {
3595                     os_set_chroot(str);
3596                 }
3597                 break;
3598             }
3599 #endif /* CONFIG_POSIX */
3600 
3601             default:
3602                 error_report("Option not supported in this build");
3603                 exit(1);
3604             }
3605         }
3606     }
3607     /*
3608      * Clear error location left behind by the loop.
3609      * Best done right after the loop.  Do not insert code here!
3610      */
3611     loc_set_none();
3612 
3613     qemu_validate_options(machine_opts_dict);
3614     qemu_process_sugar_options();
3615 
3616     /*
3617      * These options affect everything else and should be processed
3618      * before daemonizing.
3619      */
3620     qemu_process_early_options();
3621 
3622     qemu_process_help_options();
3623     qemu_maybe_daemonize(pid_file);
3624 
3625     /*
3626      * The trace backend must be initialized after daemonizing.
3627      * trace_init_backends() will call st_init(), which will create the
3628      * trace thread in the parent, and also register st_flush_trace_buffer()
3629      * in atexit(). This function will force the parent to wait for the
3630      * writeout thread to finish, which will not occur, and the parent
3631      * process will be left in the host.
3632      */
3633     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
3634         exit(1);
3635     }
3636     trace_init_file();
3637 
3638     qemu_init_main_loop(&error_fatal);
3639     cpu_timers_init();
3640 
3641     user_register_global_props();
3642     replay_configure(icount_opts);
3643 
3644     configure_rtc(qemu_find_opts_singleton("rtc"));
3645 
3646     /* Transfer QemuOpts options into machine options */
3647     parse_memory_options();
3648 
3649     qemu_create_machine(machine_opts_dict);
3650 
3651     suspend_mux_open();
3652 
3653     qemu_disable_default_devices();
3654     qemu_setup_display();
3655     qemu_create_default_devices();
3656     qemu_create_early_backends();
3657 
3658     qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(machine_opts_dict);
3659     qemu_apply_machine_options(machine_opts_dict);
3660     qobject_unref(machine_opts_dict);
3661     phase_advance(PHASE_MACHINE_CREATED);
3662 
3663     /*
3664      * Note: uses machine properties such as kernel-irqchip, must run
3665      * after qemu_apply_machine_options.
3666      */
3667     configure_accelerators(argv[0]);
3668     phase_advance(PHASE_ACCEL_CREATED);
3669 
3670     /*
3671      * Beware, QOM objects created before this point miss global and
3672      * compat properties.
3673      *
3674      * Global properties get set up by qdev_prop_register_global(),
3675      * called from user_register_global_props(), and certain option
3676      * desugaring.  Also in CPU feature desugaring (buried in
3677      * parse_cpu_option()), which happens below this point, but may
3678      * only target the CPU type, which can only be created after
3679      * parse_cpu_option() returned the type.
3680      *
3681      * Machine compat properties: object_set_machine_compat_props().
3682      * Accelerator compat props: object_set_accelerator_compat_props(),
3683      * called from do_configure_accelerator().
3684      */
3685 
3686     machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
3687     if (!qtest_enabled() && machine_class->deprecation_reason) {
3688         warn_report("Machine type '%s' is deprecated: %s",
3689                      machine_class->name, machine_class->deprecation_reason);
3690     }
3691 
3692     /*
3693      * Create backends before creating migration objects, so that it can
3694      * check against compatibilities on the backend memories (e.g. postcopy
3695      * over memory-backend-file objects).
3696      */
3697     qemu_create_late_backends();
3698 
3699     /*
3700      * Note: creates a QOM object, must run only after global and
3701      * compat properties have been set up.
3702      */
3703     migration_object_init();
3704 
3705     /* parse features once if machine provides default cpu_type */
3706     current_machine->cpu_type = machine_class_default_cpu_type(machine_class);
3707     if (cpu_option) {
3708         current_machine->cpu_type = parse_cpu_option(cpu_option);
3709     }
3710     /* NB: for machine none cpu_type could STILL be NULL here! */
3711 
3712     qemu_resolve_machine_memdev();
3713     parse_numa_opts(current_machine);
3714 
3715     if (vmstate_dump_file) {
3716         /* dump and exit */
3717         module_load_qom_all();
3718         dump_vmstate_json_to_file(vmstate_dump_file);
3719         exit(0);
3720     }
3721 
3722     if (!preconfig_requested) {
3723         qmp_x_exit_preconfig(&error_fatal);
3724     }
3725     qemu_init_displays();
3726     accel_setup_post(current_machine);
3727     os_setup_post();
3728     resume_mux_open();
3729 }
3730