xref: /openbmc/qemu/system/vl.c (revision 113ac1d2)
1 /*
2  * QEMU System Emulator
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qemu/help-texts.h"
27 #include "qemu/datadir.h"
28 #include "qemu/units.h"
29 #include "exec/cpu-common.h"
30 #include "exec/page-vary.h"
31 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
32 #include "qapi/compat-policy.h"
33 #include "qapi/error.h"
34 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
35 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
36 #include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
37 #include "qemu-version.h"
38 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
39 #include "qemu/help_option.h"
40 #include "qemu/hw-version.h"
41 #include "qemu/uuid.h"
42 #include "sysemu/reset.h"
43 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
44 #include "sysemu/runstate-action.h"
45 #include "sysemu/seccomp.h"
46 #include "sysemu/tcg.h"
47 #include "sysemu/xen.h"
48 
49 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
50 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
51 #include "qemu/accel.h"
52 #include "qemu/async-teardown.h"
53 #include "hw/usb.h"
54 #include "hw/isa/isa.h"
55 #include "hw/scsi/scsi.h"
56 #include "hw/display/vga.h"
57 #include "hw/firmware/smbios.h"
58 #include "hw/acpi/acpi.h"
59 #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
60 #include "hw/loader.h"
61 #include "monitor/qdev.h"
62 #include "net/net.h"
63 #include "net/slirp.h"
64 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
65 #include "ui/console.h"
66 #include "ui/input.h"
67 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
68 #include "sysemu/numa.h"
69 #include "sysemu/hostmem.h"
70 #include "exec/gdbstub.h"
71 #include "gdbstub/enums.h"
72 #include "qemu/timer.h"
73 #include "chardev/char.h"
74 #include "qemu/bitmap.h"
75 #include "qemu/log.h"
76 #include "sysemu/blockdev.h"
77 #include "hw/block/block.h"
78 #include "hw/i386/x86.h"
79 #include "hw/i386/pc.h"
80 #include "migration/misc.h"
81 #include "migration/snapshot.h"
82 #include "sysemu/tpm.h"
83 #include "sysemu/dma.h"
84 #include "hw/audio/soundhw.h"
85 #include "audio/audio.h"
86 #include "sysemu/cpus.h"
87 #include "sysemu/cpu-timers.h"
88 #include "migration/colo.h"
89 #include "migration/postcopy-ram.h"
90 #include "sysemu/kvm.h"
91 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
92 #include "qemu/option.h"
93 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
94 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
95 #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
96 #include "fsdev/qemu-fsdev.h"
97 #endif
98 #include "sysemu/qtest.h"
99 #ifdef CONFIG_TCG
100 #include "tcg/perf.h"
101 #endif
102 
103 #include "disas/disas.h"
104 
105 #include "trace.h"
106 #include "trace/control.h"
107 #include "qemu/plugin.h"
108 #include "qemu/queue.h"
109 #include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
110 #include "exec/confidential-guest-support.h"
111 
112 #include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
113 #include "qapi/string-input-visitor.h"
114 #include "qapi/opts-visitor.h"
115 #include "qapi/clone-visitor.h"
116 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
117 #include "semihosting/semihost.h"
118 #include "crypto/init.h"
119 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
120 #include "qapi/qapi-events-run-state.h"
121 #include "qapi/qapi-types-audio.h"
122 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-audio.h"
123 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-block-core.h"
124 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-compat.h"
125 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-machine.h"
126 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-ui.h"
127 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-block-core.h"
128 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-migration.h"
129 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-misc.h"
130 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-qom.h"
131 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-ui.h"
132 #include "block/qdict.h"
133 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
134 #include "sysemu/iothread.h"
135 #include "qemu/guest-random.h"
136 #include "qemu/keyval.h"
137 
138 #define MAX_VIRTIO_CONSOLES 1
139 
140 typedef struct BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry {
141     BlockdevOptions *bdo;
142     Location loc;
143     QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry) entry;
144 } BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry;
145 
146 typedef QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(, BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry) BlockdevOptionsQueue;
147 
148 typedef struct ObjectOption {
149     ObjectOptions *opts;
150     QTAILQ_ENTRY(ObjectOption) next;
151 } ObjectOption;
152 
153 typedef struct DeviceOption {
154     QDict *opts;
155     Location loc;
156     QTAILQ_ENTRY(DeviceOption) next;
157 } DeviceOption;
158 
159 static const char *cpu_option;
160 static const char *mem_path;
161 static const char *incoming;
162 static const char *loadvm;
163 static const char *accelerators;
164 static bool have_custom_ram_size;
165 static const char *ram_memdev_id;
166 static QDict *machine_opts_dict;
167 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, ObjectOption) object_opts = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(object_opts);
168 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, DeviceOption) device_opts = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(device_opts);
169 static int display_remote;
170 static int snapshot;
171 static bool preconfig_requested;
172 static QemuPluginList plugin_list = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(plugin_list);
173 static BlockdevOptionsQueue bdo_queue = QSIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(bdo_queue);
174 static bool nographic = false;
175 static int mem_prealloc; /* force preallocation of physical target memory */
176 static const char *vga_model = NULL;
177 static DisplayOptions dpy;
178 static int num_serial_hds;
179 static Chardev **serial_hds;
180 static const char *log_mask;
181 static const char *log_file;
182 static bool list_data_dirs;
183 static const char *qtest_chrdev;
184 static const char *qtest_log;
185 
186 static int has_defaults = 1;
187 static int default_audio = 1;
188 static int default_serial = 1;
189 static int default_parallel = 1;
190 static int default_monitor = 1;
191 static int default_floppy = 1;
192 static int default_cdrom = 1;
193 static int default_sdcard = 1;
194 static int default_vga = 1;
195 static int default_net = 1;
196 
197 static const struct {
198     const char *driver;
199     int *flag;
200 } default_list[] = {
201     { .driver = "xen-console",          .flag = &default_serial    },
202     { .driver = "isa-serial",           .flag = &default_serial    },
203     { .driver = "isa-parallel",         .flag = &default_parallel  },
204     { .driver = "isa-fdc",              .flag = &default_floppy    },
205     { .driver = "floppy",               .flag = &default_floppy    },
206     { .driver = "ide-cd",               .flag = &default_cdrom     },
207     { .driver = "ide-hd",               .flag = &default_cdrom     },
208     { .driver = "scsi-cd",              .flag = &default_cdrom     },
209     { .driver = "scsi-hd",              .flag = &default_cdrom     },
210     { .driver = "VGA",                  .flag = &default_vga       },
211     { .driver = "isa-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
212     { .driver = "cirrus-vga",           .flag = &default_vga       },
213     { .driver = "isa-cirrus-vga",       .flag = &default_vga       },
214     { .driver = "vmware-svga",          .flag = &default_vga       },
215     { .driver = "qxl-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
216     { .driver = "virtio-vga",           .flag = &default_vga       },
217     { .driver = "ati-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
218     { .driver = "vhost-user-vga",       .flag = &default_vga       },
219     { .driver = "virtio-vga-gl",        .flag = &default_vga       },
220     { .driver = "virtio-vga-rutabaga",  .flag = &default_vga       },
221 };
222 
223 static QemuOptsList qemu_rtc_opts = {
224     .name = "rtc",
225     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_rtc_opts.head),
226     .merge_lists = true,
227     .desc = {
228         {
229             .name = "base",
230             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
231         },{
232             .name = "clock",
233             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
234         },{
235             .name = "driftfix",
236             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
237         },
238         { /* end of list */ }
239     },
240 };
241 
242 static QemuOptsList qemu_option_rom_opts = {
243     .name = "option-rom",
244     .implied_opt_name = "romfile",
245     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_option_rom_opts.head),
246     .desc = {
247         {
248             .name = "bootindex",
249             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
250         }, {
251             .name = "romfile",
252             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
253         },
254         { /* end of list */ }
255     },
256 };
257 
258 static QemuOptsList qemu_accel_opts = {
259     .name = "accel",
260     .implied_opt_name = "accel",
261     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_accel_opts.head),
262     .desc = {
263         /*
264          * no elements => accept any
265          * sanity checking will happen later
266          * when setting accelerator properties
267          */
268         { }
269     },
270 };
271 
272 static QemuOptsList qemu_boot_opts = {
273     .name = "boot-opts",
274     .implied_opt_name = "order",
275     .merge_lists = true,
276     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_boot_opts.head),
277     .desc = {
278         {
279             .name = "order",
280             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
281         }, {
282             .name = "once",
283             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
284         }, {
285             .name = "menu",
286             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
287         }, {
288             .name = "splash",
289             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
290         }, {
291             .name = "splash-time",
292             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
293         }, {
294             .name = "reboot-timeout",
295             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
296         }, {
297             .name = "strict",
298             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
299         },
300         { /*End of list */ }
301     },
302 };
303 
304 static QemuOptsList qemu_add_fd_opts = {
305     .name = "add-fd",
306     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_add_fd_opts.head),
307     .desc = {
308         {
309             .name = "fd",
310             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
311             .help = "file descriptor of which a duplicate is added to fd set",
312         },{
313             .name = "set",
314             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
315             .help = "ID of the fd set to add fd to",
316         },{
317             .name = "opaque",
318             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
319             .help = "free-form string used to describe fd",
320         },
321         { /* end of list */ }
322     },
323 };
324 
325 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
326     .name = "object",
327     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
328     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
329     .desc = {
330         { }
331     },
332 };
333 
334 static QemuOptsList qemu_tpmdev_opts = {
335     .name = "tpmdev",
336     .implied_opt_name = "type",
337     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_tpmdev_opts.head),
338     .desc = {
339         /* options are defined in the TPM backends */
340         { /* end of list */ }
341     },
342 };
343 
344 static QemuOptsList qemu_overcommit_opts = {
345     .name = "overcommit",
346     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_overcommit_opts.head),
347     .desc = {
348         {
349             .name = "mem-lock",
350             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
351         },
352         {
353             .name = "cpu-pm",
354             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
355         },
356         { /* end of list */ }
357     },
358 };
359 
360 static QemuOptsList qemu_msg_opts = {
361     .name = "msg",
362     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_msg_opts.head),
363     .desc = {
364         {
365             .name = "timestamp",
366             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
367         },
368         {
369             .name = "guest-name",
370             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
371             .help = "Prepends guest name for error messages but only if "
372                     "-name guest is set otherwise option is ignored\n",
373         },
374         { /* end of list */ }
375     },
376 };
377 
378 static QemuOptsList qemu_name_opts = {
379     .name = "name",
380     .implied_opt_name = "guest",
381     .merge_lists = true,
382     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_name_opts.head),
383     .desc = {
384         {
385             .name = "guest",
386             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
387             .help = "Sets the name of the guest.\n"
388                     "This name will be displayed in the SDL window caption.\n"
389                     "The name will also be used for the VNC server",
390         }, {
391             .name = "process",
392             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
393             .help = "Sets the name of the QEMU process, as shown in top etc",
394         }, {
395             .name = "debug-threads",
396             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
397             .help = "When enabled, name the individual threads; defaults off.\n"
398                     "NOTE: The thread names are for debugging and not a\n"
399                     "stable API.",
400         },
401         { /* End of list */ }
402     },
403 };
404 
405 static QemuOptsList qemu_mem_opts = {
406     .name = "memory",
407     .implied_opt_name = "size",
408     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_mem_opts.head),
409     .merge_lists = true,
410     .desc = {
411         {
412             .name = "size",
413             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
414         },
415         {
416             .name = "slots",
417             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
418         },
419         {
420             .name = "maxmem",
421             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
422         },
423         { /* end of list */ }
424     },
425 };
426 
427 static QemuOptsList qemu_icount_opts = {
428     .name = "icount",
429     .implied_opt_name = "shift",
430     .merge_lists = true,
431     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_icount_opts.head),
432     .desc = {
433         {
434             .name = "shift",
435             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
436         }, {
437             .name = "align",
438             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
439         }, {
440             .name = "sleep",
441             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
442         }, {
443             .name = "rr",
444             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
445         }, {
446             .name = "rrfile",
447             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
448         }, {
449             .name = "rrsnapshot",
450             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
451         },
452         { /* end of list */ }
453     },
454 };
455 
456 static QemuOptsList qemu_fw_cfg_opts = {
457     .name = "fw_cfg",
458     .implied_opt_name = "name",
459     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_fw_cfg_opts.head),
460     .desc = {
461         {
462             .name = "name",
463             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
464             .help = "Sets the fw_cfg name of the blob to be inserted",
465         }, {
466             .name = "file",
467             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
468             .help = "Sets the name of the file from which "
469                     "the fw_cfg blob will be loaded",
470         }, {
471             .name = "string",
472             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
473             .help = "Sets content of the blob to be inserted from a string",
474         }, {
475             .name = "gen_id",
476             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
477             .help = "Sets id of the object generating the fw_cfg blob "
478                     "to be inserted",
479         },
480         { /* end of list */ }
481     },
482 };
483 
484 static QemuOptsList qemu_action_opts = {
485     .name = "action",
486     .merge_lists = true,
487     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_action_opts.head),
488     .desc = {
489         {
490             .name = "shutdown",
491             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
492         },{
493             .name = "reboot",
494             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
495         },{
496             .name = "panic",
497             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
498         },{
499             .name = "watchdog",
500             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
501         },
502         { /* end of list */ }
503     },
504 };
505 
506 const char *qemu_get_vm_name(void)
507 {
508     return qemu_name;
509 }
510 
511 static void default_driver_disable(const char *driver)
512 {
513     int i;
514 
515     if (!driver) {
516         return;
517     }
518 
519     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(default_list); i++) {
520         if (strcmp(default_list[i].driver, driver) != 0)
521             continue;
522         *(default_list[i].flag) = 0;
523     }
524 }
525 
526 static int default_driver_check(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
527 {
528     const char *driver = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
529 
530     default_driver_disable(driver);
531     return 0;
532 }
533 
534 static void default_driver_check_json(void)
535 {
536     DeviceOption *opt;
537 
538     QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &device_opts, next) {
539         const char *driver = qdict_get_try_str(opt->opts, "driver");
540         default_driver_disable(driver);
541     }
542 }
543 
544 static int parse_name(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
545 {
546     const char *proc_name;
547 
548     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "debug-threads")) {
549         qemu_thread_naming(qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "debug-threads", false));
550     }
551     qemu_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "guest");
552 
553     proc_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "process");
554     if (proc_name) {
555         os_set_proc_name(proc_name);
556     }
557 
558     return 0;
559 }
560 
561 bool defaults_enabled(void)
562 {
563     return has_defaults;
564 }
565 
566 #ifndef _WIN32
567 static int parse_add_fd(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
568 {
569     int fd, dupfd, flags;
570     int64_t fdset_id;
571     const char *fd_opaque = NULL;
572     AddfdInfo *fdinfo;
573 
574     fd = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "fd", -1);
575     fdset_id = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "set", -1);
576     fd_opaque = qemu_opt_get(opts, "opaque");
577 
578     if (fd < 0) {
579         error_setg(errp, "fd option is required and must be non-negative");
580         return -1;
581     }
582 
583     if (fd <= STDERR_FILENO) {
584         error_setg(errp, "fd cannot be a standard I/O stream");
585         return -1;
586     }
587 
588     /*
589      * All fds inherited across exec() necessarily have FD_CLOEXEC
590      * clear, while qemu sets FD_CLOEXEC on all other fds used internally.
591      */
592     flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD);
593     if (flags == -1 || (flags & FD_CLOEXEC)) {
594         error_setg(errp, "fd is not valid or already in use");
595         return -1;
596     }
597 
598     if (fdset_id < 0) {
599         error_setg(errp, "set option is required and must be non-negative");
600         return -1;
601     }
602 
603 #ifdef F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC
604     dupfd = fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0);
605 #else
606     dupfd = dup(fd);
607     if (dupfd != -1) {
608         qemu_set_cloexec(dupfd);
609     }
610 #endif
611     if (dupfd == -1) {
612         error_setg(errp, "error duplicating fd: %s", strerror(errno));
613         return -1;
614     }
615 
616     /* add the duplicate fd, and optionally the opaque string, to the fd set */
617     fdinfo = monitor_fdset_add_fd(dupfd, true, fdset_id, fd_opaque,
618                                   &error_abort);
619     g_free(fdinfo);
620 
621     return 0;
622 }
623 
624 static int cleanup_add_fd(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
625 {
626     int fd;
627 
628     fd = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "fd", -1);
629     close(fd);
630 
631     return 0;
632 }
633 #endif
634 
635 /***********************************************************/
636 /* QEMU Block devices */
637 
638 #define HD_OPTS "media=disk"
639 #define CDROM_OPTS "media=cdrom"
640 #define FD_OPTS ""
641 #define PFLASH_OPTS ""
642 #define MTD_OPTS ""
643 #define SD_OPTS ""
644 
645 static int drive_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
646 {
647     BlockInterfaceType *block_default_type = opaque;
648 
649     return drive_new(opts, *block_default_type, errp) == NULL;
650 }
651 
652 static int drive_enable_snapshot(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
653 {
654     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "snapshot") == NULL) {
655         qemu_opt_set(opts, "snapshot", "on", &error_abort);
656     }
657     return 0;
658 }
659 
660 static void default_drive(int enable, int snapshot, BlockInterfaceType type,
661                           int index, const char *optstr)
662 {
663     QemuOpts *opts;
664     DriveInfo *dinfo;
665 
666     if (!enable || drive_get_by_index(type, index)) {
667         return;
668     }
669 
670     opts = drive_add(type, index, NULL, optstr);
671     if (snapshot) {
672         drive_enable_snapshot(NULL, opts, NULL);
673     }
674 
675     dinfo = drive_new(opts, type, &error_abort);
676     dinfo->is_default = true;
677 
678 }
679 
680 static void configure_blockdev(BlockdevOptionsQueue *bdo_queue,
681                                MachineClass *machine_class, int snapshot)
682 {
683     /*
684      * If the currently selected machine wishes to override the
685      * units-per-bus property of its default HBA interface type, do so
686      * now.
687      */
688     if (machine_class->units_per_default_bus) {
689         override_max_devs(machine_class->block_default_type,
690                           machine_class->units_per_default_bus);
691     }
692 
693     /* open the virtual block devices */
694     while (!QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(bdo_queue)) {
695         BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry *bdo = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(bdo_queue);
696 
697         QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(bdo_queue, entry);
698         loc_push_restore(&bdo->loc);
699         qmp_blockdev_add(bdo->bdo, &error_fatal);
700         loc_pop(&bdo->loc);
701         qapi_free_BlockdevOptions(bdo->bdo);
702         g_free(bdo);
703     }
704     if (snapshot) {
705         qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("drive"), drive_enable_snapshot,
706                           NULL, NULL);
707     }
708     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("drive"), drive_init_func,
709                           &machine_class->block_default_type, &error_fatal)) {
710         /* We printed help */
711         exit(0);
712     }
713 
714     default_drive(default_cdrom, snapshot, machine_class->block_default_type, 2,
715                   CDROM_OPTS);
716     default_drive(default_floppy, snapshot, IF_FLOPPY, 0, FD_OPTS);
717     default_drive(default_sdcard, snapshot, IF_SD, 0, SD_OPTS);
718 
719 }
720 
721 static QemuOptsList qemu_smp_opts = {
722     .name = "smp-opts",
723     .implied_opt_name = "cpus",
724     .merge_lists = true,
725     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_smp_opts.head),
726     .desc = {
727         {
728             .name = "cpus",
729             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
730         }, {
731             .name = "drawers",
732             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
733         }, {
734             .name = "books",
735             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
736         }, {
737             .name = "sockets",
738             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
739         }, {
740             .name = "dies",
741             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
742         }, {
743             .name = "clusters",
744             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
745         }, {
746             .name = "modules",
747             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
748         }, {
749             .name = "cores",
750             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
751         }, {
752             .name = "threads",
753             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
754         }, {
755             .name = "maxcpus",
756             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
757         },
758         { /*End of list */ }
759     },
760 };
761 
762 #if defined(CONFIG_POSIX)
763 static QemuOptsList qemu_run_with_opts = {
764     .name = "run-with",
765     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_run_with_opts.head),
766     .desc = {
767 #if defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
768         {
769             .name = "async-teardown",
770             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
771         },
772 #endif
773         {
774             .name = "chroot",
775             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
776         },
777         {
778             .name = "user",
779             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
780         },
781         { /* end of list */ }
782     },
783 };
784 
785 #define qemu_add_run_with_opts() qemu_add_opts(&qemu_run_with_opts)
786 
787 #else
788 
789 #define qemu_add_run_with_opts()
790 
791 #endif /* CONFIG_POSIX */
792 
793 static void realtime_init(void)
794 {
795     if (enable_mlock) {
796         if (os_mlock() < 0) {
797             error_report("locking memory failed");
798             exit(1);
799         }
800     }
801 }
802 
803 
804 static void configure_msg(QemuOpts *opts)
805 {
806     message_with_timestamp = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "timestamp", false);
807     error_with_guestname = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "guest-name", false);
808 }
809 
810 
811 /***********************************************************/
812 /* USB devices */
813 
814 static int usb_device_add(const char *devname)
815 {
816     USBDevice *dev = NULL;
817 
818     if (!machine_usb(current_machine)) {
819         return -1;
820     }
821 
822     dev = usbdevice_create(devname);
823     if (!dev)
824         return -1;
825 
826     return 0;
827 }
828 
829 static int usb_parse(const char *cmdline)
830 {
831     int r;
832     r = usb_device_add(cmdline);
833     if (r < 0) {
834         error_report("could not add USB device '%s'", cmdline);
835     }
836     return r;
837 }
838 
839 /***********************************************************/
840 /* machine registration */
841 
842 static MachineClass *find_machine(const char *name, GSList *machines)
843 {
844     GSList *el;
845 
846     for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
847         MachineClass *mc = el->data;
848 
849         if (!strcmp(mc->name, name) || !g_strcmp0(mc->alias, name)) {
850             return mc;
851         }
852     }
853 
854     return NULL;
855 }
856 
857 static MachineClass *find_default_machine(GSList *machines)
858 {
859     GSList *el;
860     MachineClass *default_machineclass = NULL;
861 
862     for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
863         MachineClass *mc = el->data;
864 
865         if (mc->is_default) {
866             assert(default_machineclass == NULL && "Multiple default machines");
867             default_machineclass = mc;
868         }
869     }
870 
871     return default_machineclass;
872 }
873 
874 static void version(void)
875 {
876     printf("QEMU emulator version " QEMU_FULL_VERSION "\n"
877            QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n");
878 }
879 
880 static void help(int exitcode)
881 {
882     version();
883     printf("usage: %s [options] [disk_image]\n\n"
884            "'disk_image' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0\n\n",
885             g_get_prgname());
886 
887 #define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)    \
888     if ((arch_mask) & arch_type)                               \
889         fputs(opt_help, stdout);
890 
891 #define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask) \
892     if ((arch_mask) & arch_type)    \
893         puts(stringify(text));
894 
895 #define DEFHEADING(text) ARCHHEADING(text, QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
896 
897 #include "qemu-options.def"
898 
899     printf("\nDuring emulation, the following keys are useful:\n"
900            "ctrl-alt-f      toggle full screen\n"
901            "ctrl-alt-n      switch to virtual console 'n'\n"
902            "ctrl-alt-g      toggle mouse and keyboard grab\n"
903            "\n"
904            "When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.\n"
905            "\n"
906            QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n");
907 
908     exit(exitcode);
909 }
910 
911 enum {
912 
913 #define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)     \
914     opt_enum,
915 #define DEFHEADING(text)
916 #define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask)
917 
918 #include "qemu-options.def"
919 };
920 
921 #define HAS_ARG 0x0001
922 
923 typedef struct QEMUOption {
924     const char *name;
925     int flags;
926     int index;
927     uint32_t arch_mask;
928 } QEMUOption;
929 
930 static const QEMUOption qemu_options[] = {
931     { "h", 0, QEMU_OPTION_h, QEMU_ARCH_ALL },
932 
933 #define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)     \
934     { option, opt_arg, opt_enum, arch_mask },
935 #define DEFHEADING(text)
936 #define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask)
937 
938 #include "qemu-options.def"
939     { /* end of list */ }
940 };
941 
942 typedef struct VGAInterfaceInfo {
943     const char *opt_name;    /* option name */
944     const char *name;        /* human-readable name */
945     /* Class names indicating that support is available.
946      * If no class is specified, the interface is always available */
947     const char *class_names[2];
948 } VGAInterfaceInfo;
949 
950 static const VGAInterfaceInfo vga_interfaces[VGA_TYPE_MAX] = {
951     [VGA_NONE] = {
952         .opt_name = "none",
953         .name = "no graphic card",
954     },
955     [VGA_STD] = {
956         .opt_name = "std",
957         .name = "standard VGA",
958         .class_names = { "VGA", "isa-vga" },
959     },
960     [VGA_CIRRUS] = {
961         .opt_name = "cirrus",
962         .name = "Cirrus VGA",
963         .class_names = { "cirrus-vga", "isa-cirrus-vga" },
964     },
965     [VGA_VMWARE] = {
966         .opt_name = "vmware",
967         .name = "VMWare SVGA",
968         .class_names = { "vmware-svga" },
969     },
970     [VGA_VIRTIO] = {
971         .opt_name = "virtio",
972         .name = "Virtio VGA",
973         .class_names = { "virtio-vga" },
974     },
975     [VGA_QXL] = {
976         .opt_name = "qxl",
977         .name = "QXL VGA",
978         .class_names = { "qxl-vga" },
979     },
980     [VGA_TCX] = {
981         .opt_name = "tcx",
982         .name = "TCX framebuffer",
983         .class_names = { "sun-tcx" },
984     },
985     [VGA_CG3] = {
986         .opt_name = "cg3",
987         .name = "CG3 framebuffer",
988         .class_names = { "cgthree" },
989     },
990 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_BACKEND
991     [VGA_XENFB] = {
992         .opt_name = "xenfb",
993         .name = "Xen paravirtualized framebuffer",
994     },
995 #endif
996 };
997 
998 static bool vga_interface_available(VGAInterfaceType t)
999 {
1000     const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
1001 
1002     assert(t < VGA_TYPE_MAX);
1003     return !ti->class_names[0] ||
1004            module_object_class_by_name(ti->class_names[0]) ||
1005            module_object_class_by_name(ti->class_names[1]);
1006 }
1007 
1008 static const char *
1009 get_default_vga_model(const MachineClass *machine_class)
1010 {
1011     if (machine_class->default_display) {
1012         for (int t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
1013             const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
1014 
1015             if (ti->opt_name && vga_interface_available(t) &&
1016                 g_str_equal(ti->opt_name, machine_class->default_display)) {
1017                 return machine_class->default_display;
1018             }
1019         }
1020 
1021         warn_report_once("Default display '%s' is not available in this binary",
1022                          machine_class->default_display);
1023         return NULL;
1024     } else if (vga_interface_available(VGA_CIRRUS)) {
1025         return "cirrus";
1026     } else if (vga_interface_available(VGA_STD)) {
1027         return "std";
1028     }
1029 
1030     return NULL;
1031 }
1032 
1033 static void select_vgahw(const MachineClass *machine_class, const char *p)
1034 {
1035     const char *opts;
1036     int t;
1037 
1038     if (g_str_equal(p, "help")) {
1039         const char *def = get_default_vga_model(machine_class);
1040 
1041         for (t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
1042             const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
1043 
1044             if (vga_interface_available(t) && ti->opt_name) {
1045                 printf("%-20s %s%s\n", ti->opt_name, ti->name ?: "",
1046                         (def && g_str_equal(ti->opt_name, def)) ?
1047                         " (default)" : "");
1048             }
1049         }
1050         exit(0);
1051     }
1052 
1053     assert(vga_interface_type == VGA_NONE);
1054     for (t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
1055         const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
1056         if (ti->opt_name && strstart(p, ti->opt_name, &opts)) {
1057             if (!vga_interface_available(t)) {
1058                 error_report("%s not available", ti->name);
1059                 exit(1);
1060             }
1061             vga_interface_type = t;
1062             break;
1063         }
1064     }
1065     if (t == VGA_TYPE_MAX) {
1066     invalid_vga:
1067         error_report("unknown vga type: %s", p);
1068         exit(1);
1069     }
1070     while (*opts) {
1071         const char *nextopt;
1072 
1073         if (strstart(opts, ",retrace=", &nextopt)) {
1074             opts = nextopt;
1075             if (strstart(opts, "dumb", &nextopt))
1076                 vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_DUMB;
1077             else if (strstart(opts, "precise", &nextopt))
1078                 vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_PRECISE;
1079             else goto invalid_vga;
1080         } else goto invalid_vga;
1081         opts = nextopt;
1082     }
1083 }
1084 
1085 static void parse_display_qapi(const char *str)
1086 {
1087     DisplayOptions *opts;
1088     Visitor *v;
1089 
1090     v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(str, "type", &error_fatal);
1091 
1092     visit_type_DisplayOptions(v, NULL, &opts, &error_fatal);
1093     QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(DisplayOptions, &dpy, opts);
1094 
1095     qapi_free_DisplayOptions(opts);
1096     visit_free(v);
1097 }
1098 
1099 DisplayOptions *qmp_query_display_options(Error **errp)
1100 {
1101     return QAPI_CLONE(DisplayOptions, &dpy);
1102 }
1103 
1104 static void parse_display(const char *p)
1105 {
1106     if (is_help_option(p)) {
1107         qemu_display_help();
1108         exit(0);
1109     }
1110 
1111 #ifdef CONFIG_VNC
1112     const char *opts;
1113 
1114     if (strstart(p, "vnc", &opts)) {
1115         /*
1116          * vnc isn't a (local) DisplayType but a protocol for remote
1117          * display access.
1118          */
1119         if (*opts == '=') {
1120             vnc_parse(opts + 1);
1121             display_remote++;
1122         } else {
1123             error_report("VNC requires a display argument vnc=<display>");
1124             exit(1);
1125         }
1126         return;
1127     }
1128 #endif
1129 
1130     parse_display_qapi(p);
1131 }
1132 
1133 static inline bool nonempty_str(const char *str)
1134 {
1135     return str && *str;
1136 }
1137 
1138 static int parse_fw_cfg(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1139 {
1140     gchar *buf;
1141     size_t size;
1142     const char *name, *file, *str, *gen_id;
1143     FWCfgState *fw_cfg = (FWCfgState *) opaque;
1144 
1145     if (fw_cfg == NULL) {
1146         error_setg(errp, "fw_cfg device not available");
1147         return -1;
1148     }
1149     name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "name");
1150     file = qemu_opt_get(opts, "file");
1151     str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "string");
1152     gen_id = qemu_opt_get(opts, "gen_id");
1153 
1154     /* we need the name, and exactly one of: file, content string, gen_id */
1155     if (!nonempty_str(name) ||
1156         nonempty_str(file) + nonempty_str(str) + nonempty_str(gen_id) != 1) {
1157         error_setg(errp, "name, plus exactly one of file,"
1158                          " string and gen_id, are needed");
1159         return -1;
1160     }
1161     if (strlen(name) > FW_CFG_MAX_FILE_PATH - 1) {
1162         error_setg(errp, "name too long (max. %d char)",
1163                    FW_CFG_MAX_FILE_PATH - 1);
1164         return -1;
1165     }
1166     if (nonempty_str(gen_id)) {
1167         /*
1168          * In this particular case where the content is populated
1169          * internally, the "etc/" namespace protection is relaxed,
1170          * so do not emit a warning.
1171          */
1172     } else if (strncmp(name, "opt/", 4) != 0) {
1173         warn_report("externally provided fw_cfg item names "
1174                     "should be prefixed with \"opt/\"");
1175     }
1176     if (nonempty_str(str)) {
1177         size = strlen(str); /* NUL terminator NOT included in fw_cfg blob */
1178         buf = g_memdup(str, size);
1179     } else if (nonempty_str(gen_id)) {
1180         if (!fw_cfg_add_from_generator(fw_cfg, name, gen_id, errp)) {
1181             return -1;
1182         }
1183         return 0;
1184     } else {
1185         GError *err = NULL;
1186         if (!g_file_get_contents(file, &buf, &size, &err)) {
1187             error_setg(errp, "can't load %s: %s", file, err->message);
1188             g_error_free(err);
1189             return -1;
1190         }
1191     }
1192     /* For legacy, keep user files in a specific global order. */
1193     fw_cfg_set_order_override(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_USER);
1194     fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, name, buf, size);
1195     fw_cfg_reset_order_override(fw_cfg);
1196     return 0;
1197 }
1198 
1199 static int device_help_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1200 {
1201     return qdev_device_help(opts);
1202 }
1203 
1204 static int device_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1205 {
1206     DeviceState *dev;
1207 
1208     dev = qdev_device_add(opts, errp);
1209     if (!dev && *errp) {
1210         error_report_err(*errp);
1211         return -1;
1212     } else if (dev) {
1213         object_unref(OBJECT(dev));
1214     }
1215     return 0;
1216 }
1217 
1218 static int chardev_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1219 {
1220     Error *local_err = NULL;
1221 
1222     if (!qemu_chr_new_from_opts(opts, NULL, &local_err)) {
1223         if (local_err) {
1224             error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1225             return -1;
1226         }
1227         exit(0);
1228     }
1229     return 0;
1230 }
1231 
1232 #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
1233 static int fsdev_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1234 {
1235     return qemu_fsdev_add(opts, errp);
1236 }
1237 #endif
1238 
1239 static int mon_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1240 {
1241     return monitor_init_opts(opts, errp);
1242 }
1243 
1244 static void monitor_parse(const char *str, const char *mode, bool pretty)
1245 {
1246     static int monitor_device_index = 0;
1247     QemuOpts *opts;
1248     const char *p;
1249     char label[32];
1250 
1251     if (strstart(str, "chardev:", &p)) {
1252         snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "%s", p);
1253     } else {
1254         snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "compat_monitor%d",
1255                  monitor_device_index);
1256         opts = qemu_chr_parse_compat(label, str, true);
1257         if (!opts) {
1258             error_report("parse error: %s", str);
1259             exit(1);
1260         }
1261     }
1262 
1263     opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("mon"), label, 1, &error_fatal);
1264     qemu_opt_set(opts, "mode", mode, &error_abort);
1265     qemu_opt_set(opts, "chardev", label, &error_abort);
1266     if (!strcmp(mode, "control")) {
1267         qemu_opt_set_bool(opts, "pretty", pretty, &error_abort);
1268     } else {
1269         assert(pretty == false);
1270     }
1271     monitor_device_index++;
1272 }
1273 
1274 struct device_config {
1275     enum {
1276         DEV_USB,       /* -usbdevice     */
1277         DEV_SERIAL,    /* -serial        */
1278         DEV_PARALLEL,  /* -parallel      */
1279         DEV_DEBUGCON,  /* -debugcon */
1280         DEV_GDB,       /* -gdb, -s */
1281         DEV_SCLP,      /* s390 sclp */
1282     } type;
1283     const char *cmdline;
1284     Location loc;
1285     QTAILQ_ENTRY(device_config) next;
1286 };
1287 
1288 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, device_config) device_configs =
1289     QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(device_configs);
1290 
1291 static void add_device_config(int type, const char *cmdline)
1292 {
1293     struct device_config *conf;
1294 
1295     conf = g_malloc0(sizeof(*conf));
1296     conf->type = type;
1297     conf->cmdline = cmdline;
1298     loc_save(&conf->loc);
1299     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&device_configs, conf, next);
1300 }
1301 
1302 static int foreach_device_config(int type, int (*func)(const char *cmdline))
1303 {
1304     struct device_config *conf;
1305     int rc;
1306 
1307     QTAILQ_FOREACH(conf, &device_configs, next) {
1308         if (conf->type != type)
1309             continue;
1310         loc_push_restore(&conf->loc);
1311         rc = func(conf->cmdline);
1312         loc_pop(&conf->loc);
1313         if (rc) {
1314             return rc;
1315         }
1316     }
1317     return 0;
1318 }
1319 
1320 static void qemu_disable_default_devices(void)
1321 {
1322     MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
1323 
1324     default_driver_check_json();
1325     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
1326                       default_driver_check, NULL, NULL);
1327     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("global"),
1328                       default_driver_check, NULL, NULL);
1329 
1330     if (!vga_model && !default_vga) {
1331         vga_interface_type = VGA_DEVICE;
1332         vga_interface_created = true;
1333     }
1334     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_serial) {
1335         default_serial = 0;
1336     }
1337     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_parallel) {
1338         default_parallel = 0;
1339     }
1340     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_floppy) {
1341         default_floppy = 0;
1342     }
1343     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_cdrom) {
1344         default_cdrom = 0;
1345     }
1346     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_sdcard) {
1347         default_sdcard = 0;
1348     }
1349     if (!has_defaults) {
1350         default_audio = 0;
1351         default_monitor = 0;
1352         default_net = 0;
1353         default_vga = 0;
1354     } else {
1355         if (default_net && machine_class->default_nic &&
1356             !module_object_class_by_name(machine_class->default_nic)) {
1357             warn_report("Default NIC '%s' is not available in this binary",
1358                         machine_class->default_nic);
1359             default_net = 0;
1360         }
1361     }
1362 }
1363 
1364 static void qemu_setup_display(void)
1365 {
1366     if (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_DEFAULT && !display_remote) {
1367         if (!qemu_display_find_default(&dpy)) {
1368             dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
1369 #if defined(CONFIG_VNC)
1370             vnc_parse("localhost:0,to=99,id=default");
1371             display_remote++;
1372 #endif
1373         }
1374     }
1375     if (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
1376         dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
1377     }
1378 
1379     qemu_display_early_init(&dpy);
1380 }
1381 
1382 static void qemu_create_default_devices(void)
1383 {
1384     MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
1385     const char *vc = qemu_display_get_vc(&dpy);
1386 
1387     if (is_daemonized()) {
1388         /* According to documentation and historically, -nographic redirects
1389          * serial port, parallel port and monitor to stdio, which does not work
1390          * with -daemonize.  We can redirect these to null instead, but since
1391          * -nographic is legacy, let's just error out.
1392          * We disallow -nographic only if all other ports are not redirected
1393          * explicitly, to not break existing legacy setups which uses
1394          * -nographic _and_ redirects all ports explicitly - this is valid
1395          * usage, -nographic is just a no-op in this case.
1396          */
1397         if (nographic
1398             && (default_parallel || default_serial || default_monitor)) {
1399             error_report("-nographic cannot be used with -daemonize");
1400             exit(1);
1401         }
1402     }
1403 
1404     if (nographic) {
1405         if (default_parallel) {
1406             add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, "null");
1407         }
1408         if (default_serial && default_monitor) {
1409             add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, "mon:stdio");
1410         } else {
1411             if (default_serial) {
1412                 add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, "stdio");
1413             }
1414             if (default_monitor) {
1415                 monitor_parse("stdio", "readline", false);
1416             }
1417         }
1418     } else {
1419         if (default_serial) {
1420             add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, vc ?: "null");
1421         }
1422         if (default_parallel) {
1423             add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, vc ?: "null");
1424         }
1425         if (default_monitor && vc) {
1426             monitor_parse(vc, "readline", false);
1427         }
1428     }
1429 
1430     if (default_net) {
1431         QemuOptsList *net = qemu_find_opts("net");
1432         qemu_opts_parse(net, "nic", true, &error_abort);
1433 #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
1434         qemu_opts_parse(net, "user", true, &error_abort);
1435 #endif
1436     }
1437 
1438     /* If no default VGA is requested, the default is "none".  */
1439     if (default_vga) {
1440         vga_model = get_default_vga_model(machine_class);
1441     }
1442     if (vga_model) {
1443         select_vgahw(machine_class, vga_model);
1444     }
1445 }
1446 
1447 static int serial_parse(const char *devname)
1448 {
1449     int index = num_serial_hds;
1450 
1451     serial_hds = g_renew(Chardev *, serial_hds, index + 1);
1452 
1453     if (strcmp(devname, "none") == 0) {
1454         /* Don't allocate a serial device for this index */
1455         serial_hds[index] = NULL;
1456     } else {
1457         char label[32];
1458         snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "serial%d", index);
1459 
1460         serial_hds[index] = qemu_chr_new_mux_mon(label, devname, NULL);
1461         if (!serial_hds[index]) {
1462             error_report("could not connect serial device"
1463                          " to character backend '%s'", devname);
1464             return -1;
1465         }
1466     }
1467     num_serial_hds++;
1468     return 0;
1469 }
1470 
1471 Chardev *serial_hd(int i)
1472 {
1473     assert(i >= 0);
1474     if (i < num_serial_hds) {
1475         return serial_hds[i];
1476     }
1477     return NULL;
1478 }
1479 
1480 static int parallel_parse(const char *devname)
1481 {
1482     static int index = 0;
1483     char label[32];
1484 
1485     if (strcmp(devname, "none") == 0)
1486         return 0;
1487     if (index == MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS) {
1488         error_report("too many parallel ports");
1489         exit(1);
1490     }
1491     snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "parallel%d", index);
1492     parallel_hds[index] = qemu_chr_new_mux_mon(label, devname, NULL);
1493     if (!parallel_hds[index]) {
1494         error_report("could not connect parallel device"
1495                      " to character backend '%s'", devname);
1496         return -1;
1497     }
1498     index++;
1499     return 0;
1500 }
1501 
1502 static int debugcon_parse(const char *devname)
1503 {
1504     QemuOpts *opts;
1505 
1506     if (!qemu_chr_new_mux_mon("debugcon", devname, NULL)) {
1507         error_report("invalid character backend '%s'", devname);
1508         exit(1);
1509     }
1510     opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), "debugcon", 1, NULL);
1511     if (!opts) {
1512         error_report("already have a debugcon device");
1513         exit(1);
1514     }
1515     qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", "isa-debugcon", &error_abort);
1516     qemu_opt_set(opts, "chardev", "debugcon", &error_abort);
1517     return 0;
1518 }
1519 
1520 static gint machine_class_cmp(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
1521 {
1522     const MachineClass *mc1 = a, *mc2 = b;
1523     int res;
1524 
1525     if (mc1->family == NULL) {
1526         if (mc2->family == NULL) {
1527             /* Compare standalone machine types against each other; they sort
1528              * in increasing order.
1529              */
1530             return strcmp(object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc1)),
1531                           object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc2)));
1532         }
1533 
1534         /* Standalone machine types sort after families. */
1535         return 1;
1536     }
1537 
1538     if (mc2->family == NULL) {
1539         /* Families sort before standalone machine types. */
1540         return -1;
1541     }
1542 
1543     /* Families sort between each other alphabetically increasingly. */
1544     res = strcmp(mc1->family, mc2->family);
1545     if (res != 0) {
1546         return res;
1547     }
1548 
1549     /* Within the same family, machine types sort in decreasing order. */
1550     return strcmp(object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc2)),
1551                   object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc1)));
1552 }
1553 
1554 static void machine_help_func(const QDict *qdict)
1555 {
1556     g_autoptr(GSList) machines = NULL;
1557     GSList *el;
1558     const char *type = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "type");
1559 
1560     machines = object_class_get_list(TYPE_MACHINE, false);
1561     if (type) {
1562         ObjectClass *machine_class = OBJECT_CLASS(find_machine(type, machines));
1563         if (machine_class) {
1564             type_print_class_properties(object_class_get_name(machine_class));
1565             return;
1566         }
1567     }
1568 
1569     printf("Supported machines are:\n");
1570     machines = g_slist_sort(machines, machine_class_cmp);
1571     for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
1572         MachineClass *mc = el->data;
1573         if (mc->alias) {
1574             printf("%-20s %s (alias of %s)\n", mc->alias, mc->desc, mc->name);
1575         }
1576         printf("%-20s %s%s%s\n", mc->name, mc->desc,
1577                mc->is_default ? " (default)" : "",
1578                mc->deprecation_reason ? " (deprecated)" : "");
1579     }
1580 }
1581 
1582 static void
1583 machine_merge_property(const char *propname, QDict *prop, Error **errp)
1584 {
1585     QDict *opts;
1586 
1587     opts = qdict_new();
1588     /* Preserve the caller's reference to prop.  */
1589     qobject_ref(prop);
1590     qdict_put(opts, propname, prop);
1591     keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, opts, errp);
1592     qobject_unref(opts);
1593 }
1594 
1595 static void
1596 machine_parse_property_opt(QemuOptsList *opts_list, const char *propname,
1597                            const char *arg)
1598 {
1599     QDict *prop = NULL;
1600     bool help = false;
1601 
1602     prop = keyval_parse(arg, opts_list->implied_opt_name, &help, &error_fatal);
1603     if (help) {
1604         qemu_opts_print_help(opts_list, true);
1605         exit(0);
1606     }
1607     machine_merge_property(propname, prop, &error_fatal);
1608     qobject_unref(prop);
1609 }
1610 
1611 static const char *pid_file;
1612 struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier {
1613     Notifier notifier;
1614     char *pid_file_realpath;
1615 };
1616 static struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier;
1617 
1618 static void qemu_unlink_pidfile(Notifier *n, void *data)
1619 {
1620     struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier *upn;
1621 
1622     upn = DO_UPCAST(struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier, notifier, n);
1623     unlink(upn->pid_file_realpath);
1624 }
1625 
1626 static const QEMUOption *lookup_opt(int argc, char **argv,
1627                                     const char **poptarg, int *poptind)
1628 {
1629     const QEMUOption *popt;
1630     int optind = *poptind;
1631     char *r = argv[optind];
1632     const char *optarg;
1633 
1634     loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind, 1);
1635     optind++;
1636     /* Treat --foo the same as -foo.  */
1637     if (r[1] == '-')
1638         r++;
1639     popt = qemu_options;
1640     for(;;) {
1641         if (!popt->name) {
1642             error_report("invalid option");
1643             exit(1);
1644         }
1645         if (!strcmp(popt->name, r + 1))
1646             break;
1647         popt++;
1648     }
1649     if (popt->flags & HAS_ARG) {
1650         if (optind >= argc) {
1651             error_report("requires an argument");
1652             exit(1);
1653         }
1654         optarg = argv[optind++];
1655         loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind - 2, 2);
1656     } else {
1657         optarg = NULL;
1658     }
1659 
1660     *poptarg = optarg;
1661     *poptind = optind;
1662 
1663     return popt;
1664 }
1665 
1666 static MachineClass *select_machine(QDict *qdict, Error **errp)
1667 {
1668     const char *machine_type = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "type");
1669     GSList *machines = object_class_get_list(TYPE_MACHINE, false);
1670     MachineClass *machine_class;
1671     Error *local_err = NULL;
1672 
1673     if (machine_type) {
1674         machine_class = find_machine(machine_type, machines);
1675         qdict_del(qdict, "type");
1676         if (!machine_class) {
1677             error_setg(&local_err, "unsupported machine type");
1678         }
1679     } else {
1680         machine_class = find_default_machine(machines);
1681         if (!machine_class) {
1682             error_setg(&local_err, "No machine specified, and there is no default");
1683         }
1684     }
1685 
1686     g_slist_free(machines);
1687     if (local_err) {
1688         error_append_hint(&local_err, "Use -machine help to list supported machines\n");
1689         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1690     }
1691     return machine_class;
1692 }
1693 
1694 static int object_parse_property_opt(Object *obj,
1695                                      const char *name, const char *value,
1696                                      const char *skip, Error **errp)
1697 {
1698     if (g_str_equal(name, skip)) {
1699         return 0;
1700     }
1701 
1702     if (!object_property_parse(obj, name, value, errp)) {
1703         return -1;
1704     }
1705 
1706     return 0;
1707 }
1708 
1709 /* *Non*recursively replace underscores with dashes in QDict keys.  */
1710 static void keyval_dashify(QDict *qdict, Error **errp)
1711 {
1712     const QDictEntry *ent, *next;
1713     char *p;
1714 
1715     for (ent = qdict_first(qdict); ent; ent = next) {
1716         g_autofree char *new_key = NULL;
1717 
1718         next = qdict_next(qdict, ent);
1719         if (!strchr(ent->key, '_')) {
1720             continue;
1721         }
1722         new_key = g_strdup(ent->key);
1723         for (p = new_key; *p; p++) {
1724             if (*p == '_') {
1725                 *p = '-';
1726             }
1727         }
1728         if (qdict_haskey(qdict, new_key)) {
1729             error_setg(errp, "Conflict between '%s' and '%s'", ent->key, new_key);
1730             return;
1731         }
1732         qobject_ref(ent->value);
1733         qdict_put_obj(qdict, new_key, ent->value);
1734         qdict_del(qdict, ent->key);
1735     }
1736 }
1737 
1738 static void qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(QDict *qdict)
1739 {
1740     const char *value;
1741     QObject *prop;
1742 
1743     keyval_dashify(qdict, &error_fatal);
1744 
1745     /* Legacy options do not correspond to MachineState properties.  */
1746     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "accel");
1747     if (value) {
1748         accelerators = g_strdup(value);
1749         qdict_del(qdict, "accel");
1750     }
1751 
1752     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "igd-passthru");
1753     if (value) {
1754         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("xen"), "igd-passthru", value,
1755                                    false);
1756         qdict_del(qdict, "igd-passthru");
1757     }
1758 
1759     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "kvm-shadow-mem");
1760     if (value) {
1761         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("kvm"), "kvm-shadow-mem", value,
1762                                    false);
1763         qdict_del(qdict, "kvm-shadow-mem");
1764     }
1765 
1766     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "kernel-irqchip");
1767     if (value) {
1768         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("kvm"), "kernel-irqchip", value,
1769                                    false);
1770         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("whpx"), "kernel-irqchip", value,
1771                                    false);
1772         qdict_del(qdict, "kernel-irqchip");
1773     }
1774 
1775     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "memory-backend");
1776     if (value) {
1777         if (mem_path) {
1778             error_report("'-mem-path' can't be used together with"
1779                          "'-machine memory-backend'");
1780             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1781         }
1782 
1783         /* Resolved later.  */
1784         ram_memdev_id = g_strdup(value);
1785         qdict_del(qdict, "memory-backend");
1786     }
1787 
1788     prop = qdict_get(qdict, "memory");
1789     if (prop) {
1790         have_custom_ram_size =
1791             qobject_type(prop) == QTYPE_QDICT &&
1792             qdict_haskey(qobject_to(QDict, prop), "size");
1793     }
1794 }
1795 
1796 static void object_option_foreach_add(bool (*type_opt_predicate)(const char *))
1797 {
1798     ObjectOption *opt, *next;
1799 
1800     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(opt, &object_opts, next, next) {
1801         const char *type = ObjectType_str(opt->opts->qom_type);
1802         if (type_opt_predicate(type)) {
1803             user_creatable_add_qapi(opt->opts, &error_fatal);
1804             qapi_free_ObjectOptions(opt->opts);
1805             QTAILQ_REMOVE(&object_opts, opt, next);
1806             g_free(opt);
1807         }
1808     }
1809 }
1810 
1811 static void object_option_add_visitor(Visitor *v)
1812 {
1813     ObjectOption *opt = g_new0(ObjectOption, 1);
1814     visit_type_ObjectOptions(v, NULL, &opt->opts, &error_fatal);
1815     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&object_opts, opt, next);
1816 }
1817 
1818 static void object_option_parse(const char *str)
1819 {
1820     QemuOpts *opts;
1821     const char *type;
1822     Visitor *v;
1823 
1824     if (str[0] == '{') {
1825         QObject *obj = qobject_from_json(str, &error_fatal);
1826 
1827         v = qobject_input_visitor_new(obj);
1828         qobject_unref(obj);
1829     } else {
1830         opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("object"),
1831                                        str, true);
1832         if (!opts) {
1833             exit(1);
1834         }
1835 
1836         type = qemu_opt_get(opts, "qom-type");
1837         if (!type) {
1838             error_setg(&error_fatal, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "qom-type");
1839         }
1840         if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
1841             exit(0);
1842         }
1843 
1844         v = opts_visitor_new(opts);
1845     }
1846 
1847     object_option_add_visitor(v);
1848     visit_free(v);
1849 }
1850 
1851 /*
1852  * Very early object creation, before the sandbox options have been activated.
1853  */
1854 static bool object_create_pre_sandbox(const char *type)
1855 {
1856     /*
1857      * Objects should in general not get initialized "too early" without
1858      * a reason. If you add one, state the reason in a comment!
1859      */
1860 
1861     /*
1862      * Reason: -sandbox on,resourcecontrol=deny disallows setting CPU
1863      * affinity of threads.
1864      */
1865     if (g_str_equal(type, "thread-context")) {
1866         return true;
1867     }
1868 
1869     return false;
1870 }
1871 
1872 /*
1873  * Initial object creation happens before all other
1874  * QEMU data types are created. The majority of objects
1875  * can be created at this point. The rng-egd object
1876  * cannot be created here, as it depends on the chardev
1877  * already existing.
1878  */
1879 static bool object_create_early(const char *type)
1880 {
1881     /*
1882      * Objects should not be made "delayed" without a reason.  If you
1883      * add one, state the reason in a comment!
1884      */
1885 
1886     /* Reason: already created. */
1887     if (object_create_pre_sandbox(type)) {
1888         return false;
1889     }
1890 
1891     /* Reason: property "chardev" */
1892     if (g_str_equal(type, "rng-egd") ||
1893         g_str_equal(type, "qtest")) {
1894         return false;
1895     }
1896 
1897 #if defined(CONFIG_VHOST_USER) && defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
1898     /* Reason: cryptodev-vhost-user property "chardev" */
1899     if (g_str_equal(type, "cryptodev-vhost-user")) {
1900         return false;
1901     }
1902 #endif
1903 
1904     /* Reason: vhost-user-blk-server property "node-name" */
1905     if (g_str_equal(type, "vhost-user-blk-server")) {
1906         return false;
1907     }
1908     /*
1909      * Reason: filter-* property "netdev" etc.
1910      */
1911     if (g_str_equal(type, "filter-buffer") ||
1912         g_str_equal(type, "filter-dump") ||
1913         g_str_equal(type, "filter-mirror") ||
1914         g_str_equal(type, "filter-redirector") ||
1915         g_str_equal(type, "colo-compare") ||
1916         g_str_equal(type, "filter-rewriter") ||
1917         g_str_equal(type, "filter-replay")) {
1918         return false;
1919     }
1920 
1921     /*
1922      * Allocation of large amounts of memory may delay
1923      * chardev initialization for too long, and trigger timeouts
1924      * on software that waits for a monitor socket to be created
1925      */
1926     if (g_str_has_prefix(type, "memory-backend-")) {
1927         return false;
1928     }
1929 
1930     return true;
1931 }
1932 
1933 static void qemu_apply_machine_options(QDict *qdict)
1934 {
1935     object_set_properties_from_keyval(OBJECT(current_machine), qdict, false, &error_fatal);
1936 
1937     if (semihosting_enabled(false) && !semihosting_get_argc()) {
1938         /* fall back to the -kernel/-append */
1939         semihosting_arg_fallback(current_machine->kernel_filename, current_machine->kernel_cmdline);
1940     }
1941 
1942     if (current_machine->smp.cpus > 1) {
1943         replay_add_blocker("multiple CPUs");
1944     }
1945 }
1946 
1947 static void qemu_create_early_backends(void)
1948 {
1949     MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
1950 #if defined(CONFIG_SDL)
1951     const bool use_sdl = (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_SDL);
1952 #else
1953     const bool use_sdl = false;
1954 #endif
1955 #if defined(CONFIG_GTK)
1956     const bool use_gtk = (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_GTK);
1957 #else
1958     const bool use_gtk = false;
1959 #endif
1960 
1961     if (dpy.has_window_close && !use_gtk && !use_sdl) {
1962         error_report("window-close is only valid for GTK and SDL, "
1963                      "ignoring option");
1964     }
1965 
1966     qemu_console_early_init();
1967 
1968     if (dpy.has_gl && dpy.gl != DISPLAYGL_MODE_OFF && display_opengl == 0) {
1969 #if defined(CONFIG_OPENGL)
1970         error_report("OpenGL is not supported by the display");
1971 #else
1972         error_report("OpenGL support is disabled");
1973 #endif
1974         exit(1);
1975     }
1976 
1977     object_option_foreach_add(object_create_early);
1978 
1979     /* spice needs the timers to be initialized by this point */
1980     /* spice must initialize before audio as it changes the default audiodev */
1981     /* spice must initialize before chardevs (for spicevmc and spiceport) */
1982     qemu_spice.init();
1983 
1984     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("chardev"),
1985                       chardev_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
1986 
1987 #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
1988     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"),
1989                       fsdev_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
1990 #endif
1991 
1992     /*
1993      * Note: we need to create audio and block backends before
1994      * setting machine properties, so they can be referred to.
1995      */
1996     configure_blockdev(&bdo_queue, machine_class, snapshot);
1997     audio_init_audiodevs();
1998     if (default_audio) {
1999         audio_create_default_audiodevs();
2000     }
2001 }
2002 
2003 
2004 /*
2005  * The remainder of object creation happens after the
2006  * creation of chardev, fsdev, net clients and device data types.
2007  */
2008 static bool object_create_late(const char *type)
2009 {
2010     return !object_create_early(type) && !object_create_pre_sandbox(type);
2011 }
2012 
2013 static void qemu_create_late_backends(void)
2014 {
2015     if (qtest_chrdev) {
2016         qtest_server_init(qtest_chrdev, qtest_log, &error_fatal);
2017     }
2018 
2019     net_init_clients();
2020 
2021     object_option_foreach_add(object_create_late);
2022 
2023     /*
2024      * Wait for any outstanding memory prealloc from created memory
2025      * backends to complete.
2026      */
2027     if (!qemu_finish_async_prealloc_mem(&error_fatal)) {
2028         exit(1);
2029     }
2030 
2031     if (tpm_init() < 0) {
2032         exit(1);
2033     }
2034 
2035     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("mon"),
2036                       mon_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
2037 
2038     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, serial_parse) < 0)
2039         exit(1);
2040     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, parallel_parse) < 0)
2041         exit(1);
2042     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_DEBUGCON, debugcon_parse) < 0)
2043         exit(1);
2044 
2045     /* now chardevs have been created we may have semihosting to connect */
2046     qemu_semihosting_chardev_init();
2047 }
2048 
2049 static void qemu_resolve_machine_memdev(void)
2050 {
2051     if (ram_memdev_id) {
2052         Object *backend;
2053         ram_addr_t backend_size;
2054 
2055         backend = object_resolve_path_type(ram_memdev_id,
2056                                            TYPE_MEMORY_BACKEND, NULL);
2057         if (!backend) {
2058             error_report("Memory backend '%s' not found", ram_memdev_id);
2059             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2060         }
2061         if (!have_custom_ram_size) {
2062             backend_size = object_property_get_uint(backend, "size",  &error_abort);
2063             current_machine->ram_size = backend_size;
2064         }
2065         object_property_set_link(OBJECT(current_machine),
2066                                  "memory-backend", backend, &error_fatal);
2067     }
2068 }
2069 
2070 static void parse_memory_options(void)
2071 {
2072     QemuOpts *opts = qemu_find_opts_singleton("memory");
2073     QDict *dict, *prop;
2074     const char *mem_str;
2075     Location loc;
2076 
2077     loc_push_none(&loc);
2078     qemu_opts_loc_restore(opts);
2079 
2080     prop = qdict_new();
2081 
2082     if (qemu_opt_get_size(opts, "size", 0) != 0) {
2083         /* Fix up legacy suffix-less format */
2084         mem_str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "size");
2085         if (g_ascii_isdigit(mem_str[strlen(mem_str) - 1])) {
2086             g_autofree char *mib_str = g_strdup_printf("%sM", mem_str);
2087             qdict_put_str(prop, "size", mib_str);
2088         } else {
2089             qdict_put_str(prop, "size", mem_str);
2090         }
2091     }
2092 
2093     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "maxmem")) {
2094         qdict_put_str(prop, "max-size", qemu_opt_get(opts, "maxmem"));
2095     }
2096     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "slots")) {
2097         qdict_put_str(prop, "slots", qemu_opt_get(opts, "slots"));
2098     }
2099 
2100     dict = qdict_new();
2101     qdict_put(dict, "memory", prop);
2102     keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, dict, &error_fatal);
2103     qobject_unref(dict);
2104     loc_pop(&loc);
2105 }
2106 
2107 static void qemu_create_machine(QDict *qdict)
2108 {
2109     MachineClass *machine_class = select_machine(qdict, &error_fatal);
2110     object_set_machine_compat_props(machine_class->compat_props);
2111 
2112     current_machine = MACHINE(object_new_with_class(OBJECT_CLASS(machine_class)));
2113     object_property_add_child(object_get_root(), "machine",
2114                               OBJECT(current_machine));
2115     object_property_add_child(container_get(OBJECT(current_machine),
2116                                             "/unattached"),
2117                               "sysbus", OBJECT(sysbus_get_default()));
2118 
2119     if (machine_class->minimum_page_bits) {
2120         if (!set_preferred_target_page_bits(machine_class->minimum_page_bits)) {
2121             /* This would be a board error: specifying a minimum smaller than
2122              * a target's compile-time fixed setting.
2123              */
2124             g_assert_not_reached();
2125         }
2126     }
2127 
2128     cpu_exec_init_all();
2129 
2130     if (machine_class->hw_version) {
2131         qemu_set_hw_version(machine_class->hw_version);
2132     }
2133 
2134     /*
2135      * Get the default machine options from the machine if it is not already
2136      * specified either by the configuration file or by the command line.
2137      */
2138     if (machine_class->default_machine_opts) {
2139         QDict *default_opts =
2140             keyval_parse(machine_class->default_machine_opts, NULL, NULL,
2141                          &error_abort);
2142         qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(default_opts);
2143         object_set_properties_from_keyval(OBJECT(current_machine), default_opts,
2144                                           false, &error_abort);
2145         qobject_unref(default_opts);
2146     }
2147 }
2148 
2149 static int global_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
2150 {
2151     GlobalProperty *g;
2152 
2153     g = g_malloc0(sizeof(*g));
2154     g->driver   = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
2155     g->property = qemu_opt_get(opts, "property");
2156     g->value    = qemu_opt_get(opts, "value");
2157     qdev_prop_register_global(g);
2158     return 0;
2159 }
2160 
2161 /*
2162  * Return whether configuration group @group is stored in QemuOpts, or
2163  * recorded as one or more QDicts by qemu_record_config_group.
2164  */
2165 static bool is_qemuopts_group(const char *group)
2166 {
2167     if (g_str_equal(group, "object") ||
2168         g_str_equal(group, "audiodev") ||
2169         g_str_equal(group, "machine") ||
2170         g_str_equal(group, "smp-opts") ||
2171         g_str_equal(group, "boot-opts")) {
2172         return false;
2173     }
2174     return true;
2175 }
2176 
2177 static void qemu_record_config_group(const char *group, QDict *dict,
2178                                      bool from_json, Error **errp)
2179 {
2180     if (g_str_equal(group, "object")) {
2181         Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
2182         object_option_add_visitor(v);
2183         visit_free(v);
2184 
2185     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "audiodev")) {
2186         Audiodev *dev = NULL;
2187         Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
2188         if (visit_type_Audiodev(v, NULL, &dev, errp)) {
2189             audio_define(dev);
2190         }
2191         visit_free(v);
2192 
2193     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "machine")) {
2194         /*
2195          * Cannot merge string-valued and type-safe dictionaries, so JSON
2196          * is not accepted yet for -M.
2197          */
2198         assert(!from_json);
2199         keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, dict, errp);
2200     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "smp-opts")) {
2201         machine_merge_property("smp", dict, &error_fatal);
2202     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "boot-opts")) {
2203         machine_merge_property("boot", dict, &error_fatal);
2204     } else {
2205         abort();
2206     }
2207 }
2208 
2209 /*
2210  * Parse non-QemuOpts config file groups, pass the rest to
2211  * qemu_config_do_parse.
2212  */
2213 static void qemu_parse_config_group(const char *group, QDict *qdict,
2214                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
2215 {
2216     QObject *crumpled;
2217     if (is_qemuopts_group(group)) {
2218         qemu_config_do_parse(group, qdict, opaque, errp);
2219         return;
2220     }
2221 
2222     crumpled = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
2223     if (!crumpled) {
2224         return;
2225     }
2226     switch (qobject_type(crumpled)) {
2227     case QTYPE_QDICT:
2228         qemu_record_config_group(group, qobject_to(QDict, crumpled), false, errp);
2229         break;
2230     case QTYPE_QLIST:
2231         error_setg(errp, "Lists cannot be at top level of a configuration section");
2232         break;
2233     default:
2234         g_assert_not_reached();
2235     }
2236     qobject_unref(crumpled);
2237 }
2238 
2239 static void qemu_read_default_config_file(Error **errp)
2240 {
2241     ERRP_GUARD();
2242     int ret;
2243     g_autofree char *file = get_relocated_path(CONFIG_QEMU_CONFDIR "/qemu.conf");
2244 
2245     ret = qemu_read_config_file(file, qemu_parse_config_group, errp);
2246     if (ret < 0) {
2247         if (ret == -ENOENT) {
2248             error_free(*errp);
2249             *errp = NULL;
2250         }
2251     }
2252 }
2253 
2254 static void qemu_set_option(const char *str, Error **errp)
2255 {
2256     char group[64], id[64], arg[64];
2257     QemuOptsList *list;
2258     QemuOpts *opts;
2259     int rc, offset;
2260 
2261     rc = sscanf(str, "%63[^.].%63[^.].%63[^=]%n", group, id, arg, &offset);
2262     if (rc < 3 || str[offset] != '=') {
2263         error_setg(errp, "can't parse: \"%s\"", str);
2264         return;
2265     }
2266 
2267     if (!is_qemuopts_group(group)) {
2268         error_setg(errp, "-set is not supported with %s", group);
2269     } else {
2270         list = qemu_find_opts_err(group, errp);
2271         if (list) {
2272             opts = qemu_opts_find(list, id);
2273             if (!opts) {
2274                 error_setg(errp, "there is no %s \"%s\" defined", group, id);
2275                 return;
2276             }
2277             qemu_opt_set(opts, arg, str + offset + 1, errp);
2278         }
2279     }
2280 }
2281 
2282 static void user_register_global_props(void)
2283 {
2284     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("global"),
2285                       global_init_func, NULL, NULL);
2286 }
2287 
2288 static int do_configure_icount(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
2289 {
2290     return !icount_configure(opts, errp);
2291 }
2292 
2293 static int accelerator_set_property(void *opaque,
2294                                 const char *name, const char *value,
2295                                 Error **errp)
2296 {
2297     return object_parse_property_opt(opaque, name, value, "accel", errp);
2298 }
2299 
2300 static int do_configure_accelerator(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
2301 {
2302     bool *p_init_failed = opaque;
2303     const char *acc = qemu_opt_get(opts, "accel");
2304     AccelClass *ac = accel_find(acc);
2305     AccelState *accel;
2306     int ret;
2307     bool qtest_with_kvm;
2308 
2309     if (!acc) {
2310         error_setg(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "accel");
2311         goto bad;
2312     }
2313 
2314     qtest_with_kvm = g_str_equal(acc, "kvm") && qtest_chrdev != NULL;
2315 
2316     if (!ac) {
2317         if (!qtest_with_kvm) {
2318             error_report("invalid accelerator %s", acc);
2319         }
2320         goto bad;
2321     }
2322     accel = ACCEL(object_new_with_class(OBJECT_CLASS(ac)));
2323     object_apply_compat_props(OBJECT(accel));
2324     qemu_opt_foreach(opts, accelerator_set_property,
2325                      accel,
2326                      &error_fatal);
2327 
2328     ret = accel_init_machine(accel, current_machine);
2329     if (ret < 0) {
2330         if (!qtest_with_kvm || ret != -ENOENT) {
2331             error_report("failed to initialize %s: %s", acc, strerror(-ret));
2332         }
2333         goto bad;
2334     }
2335 
2336     return 1;
2337 
2338 bad:
2339     *p_init_failed = true;
2340     return 0;
2341 }
2342 
2343 static void configure_accelerators(const char *progname)
2344 {
2345     bool init_failed = false;
2346 
2347     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("icount"),
2348                       do_configure_icount, NULL, &error_fatal);
2349 
2350     if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&qemu_accel_opts.head)) {
2351         char **accel_list, **tmp;
2352 
2353         if (accelerators == NULL) {
2354             /* Select the default accelerator */
2355             bool have_tcg = accel_find("tcg");
2356             bool have_kvm = accel_find("kvm");
2357 
2358             if (have_tcg && have_kvm) {
2359                 if (g_str_has_suffix(progname, "kvm")) {
2360                     /* If the program name ends with "kvm", we prefer KVM */
2361                     accelerators = "kvm:tcg";
2362                 } else {
2363                     accelerators = "tcg:kvm";
2364                 }
2365             } else if (have_kvm) {
2366                 accelerators = "kvm";
2367             } else if (have_tcg) {
2368                 accelerators = "tcg";
2369             } else {
2370                 error_report("No accelerator selected and"
2371                              " no default accelerator available");
2372                 exit(1);
2373             }
2374         }
2375         accel_list = g_strsplit(accelerators, ":", 0);
2376 
2377         for (tmp = accel_list; *tmp; tmp++) {
2378             /*
2379              * Filter invalid accelerators here, to prevent obscenities
2380              * such as "-machine accel=tcg,,thread=single".
2381              */
2382             if (accel_find(*tmp)) {
2383                 qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("accel"), *tmp, true);
2384             } else {
2385                 init_failed = true;
2386                 error_report("invalid accelerator %s", *tmp);
2387             }
2388         }
2389         g_strfreev(accel_list);
2390     } else {
2391         if (accelerators != NULL) {
2392             error_report("The -accel and \"-machine accel=\" options are incompatible");
2393             exit(1);
2394         }
2395     }
2396 
2397     if (!qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("accel"),
2398                            do_configure_accelerator, &init_failed, &error_fatal)) {
2399         if (!init_failed) {
2400             error_report("no accelerator found");
2401         }
2402         exit(1);
2403     }
2404 
2405     if (init_failed && !qtest_chrdev) {
2406         error_report("falling back to %s", current_accel_name());
2407     }
2408 
2409     if (icount_enabled() && !tcg_enabled()) {
2410         error_report("-icount is not allowed with hardware virtualization");
2411         exit(1);
2412     }
2413 }
2414 
2415 static void qemu_validate_options(const QDict *machine_opts)
2416 {
2417     const char *kernel_filename = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "kernel");
2418     const char *initrd_filename = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "initrd");
2419     const char *kernel_cmdline = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "append");
2420 
2421     if (kernel_filename == NULL) {
2422          if (kernel_cmdline != NULL) {
2423               error_report("-append only allowed with -kernel option");
2424               exit(1);
2425           }
2426 
2427           if (initrd_filename != NULL) {
2428               error_report("-initrd only allowed with -kernel option");
2429               exit(1);
2430           }
2431     }
2432 
2433     if (loadvm && incoming) {
2434         error_report("'incoming' and 'loadvm' options are mutually exclusive");
2435         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2436     }
2437     if (loadvm && preconfig_requested) {
2438         error_report("'preconfig' and 'loadvm' options are "
2439                      "mutually exclusive");
2440         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2441     }
2442     if (incoming && preconfig_requested && strcmp(incoming, "defer") != 0) {
2443         error_report("'preconfig' supports '-incoming defer' only");
2444         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2445     }
2446 
2447 #ifdef CONFIG_CURSES
2448     if (is_daemonized() && dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_CURSES) {
2449         error_report("curses display cannot be used with -daemonize");
2450         exit(1);
2451     }
2452 #endif
2453 }
2454 
2455 static void qemu_process_sugar_options(void)
2456 {
2457     if (mem_prealloc) {
2458         QObject *smp = qdict_get(machine_opts_dict, "smp");
2459         if (smp && qobject_type(smp) == QTYPE_QDICT) {
2460             QObject *cpus = qdict_get(qobject_to(QDict, smp), "cpus");
2461             if (cpus && qobject_type(cpus) == QTYPE_QSTRING) {
2462                 const char *val = qstring_get_str(qobject_to(QString, cpus));
2463                 object_register_sugar_prop("memory-backend", "prealloc-threads",
2464                                            val, false);
2465             }
2466         }
2467         object_register_sugar_prop("memory-backend", "prealloc", "on", false);
2468     }
2469 }
2470 
2471 /* -action processing */
2472 
2473 /*
2474  * Process all the -action parameters parsed from cmdline.
2475  */
2476 static int process_runstate_actions(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
2477 {
2478     Error *local_err = NULL;
2479     QDict *qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
2480     QObject *ret = NULL;
2481     qmp_marshal_set_action(qdict, &ret, &local_err);
2482     qobject_unref(ret);
2483     qobject_unref(qdict);
2484     if (local_err) {
2485         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2486         return 1;
2487     }
2488     return 0;
2489 }
2490 
2491 static void qemu_process_early_options(void)
2492 {
2493     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("name"),
2494                       parse_name, NULL, &error_fatal);
2495 
2496     object_option_foreach_add(object_create_pre_sandbox);
2497 
2498 #ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP
2499     QemuOptsList *olist = qemu_find_opts_err("sandbox", NULL);
2500     if (olist) {
2501         qemu_opts_foreach(olist, parse_sandbox, NULL, &error_fatal);
2502     }
2503 #endif
2504 
2505     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("action"),
2506                           process_runstate_actions, NULL, &error_fatal)) {
2507         exit(1);
2508     }
2509 
2510 #ifndef _WIN32
2511     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
2512                       parse_add_fd, NULL, &error_fatal);
2513 
2514     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
2515                       cleanup_add_fd, NULL, &error_fatal);
2516 #endif
2517 
2518     /* Open the logfile at this point and set the log mask if necessary.  */
2519     {
2520         int mask = 0;
2521         if (log_mask) {
2522             mask = qemu_str_to_log_mask(log_mask);
2523             if (!mask) {
2524                 qemu_print_log_usage(stdout);
2525                 exit(1);
2526             }
2527         }
2528         qemu_set_log_filename_flags(log_file, mask, &error_fatal);
2529     }
2530 
2531     qemu_add_default_firmwarepath();
2532 }
2533 
2534 static void qemu_process_help_options(void)
2535 {
2536     /*
2537      * Check for -cpu help and -device help before we call select_machine(),
2538      * which will return an error if the architecture has no default machine
2539      * type and the user did not specify one, so that the user doesn't need
2540      * to say '-cpu help -machine something'.
2541      */
2542     if (cpu_option && is_help_option(cpu_option)) {
2543         list_cpus();
2544         exit(0);
2545     }
2546 
2547     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
2548                           device_help_func, NULL, NULL)) {
2549         exit(0);
2550     }
2551 
2552     /* -L help lists the data directories and exits. */
2553     if (list_data_dirs) {
2554         qemu_list_data_dirs();
2555         exit(0);
2556     }
2557 }
2558 
2559 static void qemu_maybe_daemonize(const char *pid_file)
2560 {
2561     Error *err = NULL;
2562 
2563     os_daemonize();
2564     rcu_disable_atfork();
2565 
2566     if (pid_file) {
2567         char *pid_file_realpath = NULL;
2568 
2569         if (!qemu_write_pidfile(pid_file, &err)) {
2570             error_reportf_err(err, "cannot create PID file: ");
2571             exit(1);
2572         }
2573 
2574         pid_file_realpath = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
2575         if (!realpath(pid_file, pid_file_realpath)) {
2576             if (errno != ENOENT) {
2577                 warn_report("not removing PID file on exit: cannot resolve PID "
2578                             "file path: %s: %s", pid_file, strerror(errno));
2579             }
2580             return;
2581         }
2582 
2583         qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier = (struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier) {
2584             .notifier = {
2585                 .notify = qemu_unlink_pidfile,
2586             },
2587             .pid_file_realpath = pid_file_realpath,
2588         };
2589         qemu_add_exit_notifier(&qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier.notifier);
2590     }
2591 }
2592 
2593 static void qemu_init_displays(void)
2594 {
2595     DisplayState *ds;
2596 
2597     /* init local displays */
2598     ds = init_displaystate();
2599     qemu_display_init(ds, &dpy);
2600 
2601     /* must be after terminal init, SDL library changes signal handlers */
2602     os_setup_signal_handling();
2603 
2604     /* init remote displays */
2605 #ifdef CONFIG_VNC
2606     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("vnc"),
2607                       vnc_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
2608 #endif
2609 
2610     if (using_spice) {
2611         qemu_spice.display_init();
2612     }
2613 }
2614 
2615 static void qemu_init_board(void)
2616 {
2617     /* process plugin before CPUs are created, but once -smp has been parsed */
2618     qemu_plugin_load_list(&plugin_list, &error_fatal);
2619 
2620     /* From here on we enter MACHINE_PHASE_INITIALIZED.  */
2621     machine_run_board_init(current_machine, mem_path, &error_fatal);
2622 
2623     drive_check_orphaned();
2624 
2625     realtime_init();
2626 }
2627 
2628 static void qemu_create_cli_devices(void)
2629 {
2630     DeviceOption *opt;
2631 
2632     soundhw_init();
2633 
2634     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("fw_cfg"),
2635                       parse_fw_cfg, fw_cfg_find(), &error_fatal);
2636 
2637     /* init USB devices */
2638     if (machine_usb(current_machine)) {
2639         if (foreach_device_config(DEV_USB, usb_parse) < 0)
2640             exit(1);
2641     }
2642 
2643     /* init generic devices */
2644     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_DEVICE);
2645     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
2646                       device_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
2647     QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &device_opts, next) {
2648         DeviceState *dev;
2649         loc_push_restore(&opt->loc);
2650         /*
2651          * TODO Eventually we should call qmp_device_add() here to make sure it
2652          * behaves the same, but QMP still has to accept incorrectly typed
2653          * options until libvirt is fixed and we want to be strict on the CLI
2654          * from the start, so call qdev_device_add_from_qdict() directly for
2655          * now.
2656          */
2657         dev = qdev_device_add_from_qdict(opt->opts, true, &error_fatal);
2658         object_unref(OBJECT(dev));
2659         loc_pop(&opt->loc);
2660     }
2661     rom_reset_order_override();
2662 }
2663 
2664 static bool qemu_machine_creation_done(Error **errp)
2665 {
2666     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
2667 
2668     /* Did we create any drives that we failed to create a device for? */
2669     drive_check_orphaned();
2670 
2671     /* Don't warn about the default network setup that you get if
2672      * no command line -net or -netdev options are specified. There
2673      * are two cases that we would otherwise complain about:
2674      * (1) board doesn't support a NIC but the implicit "-net nic"
2675      * requested one
2676      * (2) CONFIG_SLIRP not set, in which case the implicit "-net nic"
2677      * sets up a nic that isn't connected to anything.
2678      */
2679     if (!default_net && (!qtest_enabled() || has_defaults)) {
2680         net_check_clients();
2681     }
2682 
2683     qdev_prop_check_globals();
2684 
2685     qdev_machine_creation_done();
2686 
2687     if (machine->cgs && !machine->cgs->ready) {
2688         error_setg(errp, "accelerator does not support confidential guest %s",
2689                    object_get_typename(OBJECT(machine->cgs)));
2690         exit(1);
2691     }
2692 
2693     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_GDB, gdbserver_start) < 0) {
2694         error_setg(errp, "could not start gdbserver");
2695         return false;
2696     }
2697     if (!vga_interface_created && !default_vga &&
2698         vga_interface_type != VGA_NONE) {
2699         warn_report("A -vga option was passed but this machine "
2700                     "type does not use that option; "
2701                     "No VGA device has been created");
2702     }
2703     return true;
2704 }
2705 
2706 void qmp_x_exit_preconfig(Error **errp)
2707 {
2708     if (phase_check(PHASE_MACHINE_INITIALIZED)) {
2709         error_setg(errp, "The command is permitted only before machine initialization");
2710         return;
2711     }
2712 
2713     qemu_init_board();
2714     qemu_create_cli_devices();
2715     if (!qemu_machine_creation_done(errp)) {
2716         return;
2717     }
2718 
2719     if (loadvm) {
2720         RunState state = autostart ? RUN_STATE_RUNNING : runstate_get();
2721         load_snapshot(loadvm, NULL, false, NULL, &error_fatal);
2722         load_snapshot_resume(state);
2723     }
2724     if (replay_mode != REPLAY_MODE_NONE) {
2725         replay_vmstate_init();
2726     }
2727 
2728     if (incoming) {
2729         Error *local_err = NULL;
2730         if (strcmp(incoming, "defer") != 0) {
2731             qmp_migrate_incoming(incoming, false, NULL, true, true,
2732                                  &local_err);
2733             if (local_err) {
2734                 error_reportf_err(local_err, "-incoming %s: ", incoming);
2735                 exit(1);
2736             }
2737         }
2738     } else if (autostart) {
2739         qmp_cont(NULL);
2740     }
2741 }
2742 
2743 void qemu_init(int argc, char **argv)
2744 {
2745     QemuOpts *opts;
2746     QemuOpts *icount_opts = NULL, *accel_opts = NULL;
2747     QemuOptsList *olist;
2748     int optind;
2749     const char *optarg;
2750     MachineClass *machine_class;
2751     bool userconfig = true;
2752     FILE *vmstate_dump_file = NULL;
2753 
2754     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_drive_opts);
2755     qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_legacy_drive_opts);
2756     qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_common_drive_opts);
2757     qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_drive_opts);
2758     qemu_add_drive_opts(&bdrv_runtime_opts);
2759     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_chardev_opts);
2760     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_device_opts);
2761     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_netdev_opts);
2762     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_nic_opts);
2763     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_net_opts);
2764     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_rtc_opts);
2765     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_global_opts);
2766     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_mon_opts);
2767     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
2768     qemu_plugin_add_opts();
2769     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_option_rom_opts);
2770     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_accel_opts);
2771     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_mem_opts);
2772     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_smp_opts);
2773     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_boot_opts);
2774     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_add_fd_opts);
2775     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
2776     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_tpmdev_opts);
2777     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_overcommit_opts);
2778     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_msg_opts);
2779     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_name_opts);
2780     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_numa_opts);
2781     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_icount_opts);
2782     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_semihosting_config_opts);
2783     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_fw_cfg_opts);
2784     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_action_opts);
2785     qemu_add_run_with_opts();
2786     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_OPTS);
2787 
2788     error_init(argv[0]);
2789     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
2790 
2791     os_setup_limits();
2792 
2793     qemu_init_arch_modules();
2794 
2795     qemu_init_subsystems();
2796 
2797     /* first pass of option parsing */
2798     optind = 1;
2799     while (optind < argc) {
2800         if (argv[optind][0] != '-') {
2801             /* disk image */
2802             optind++;
2803         } else {
2804             const QEMUOption *popt;
2805 
2806             popt = lookup_opt(argc, argv, &optarg, &optind);
2807             switch (popt->index) {
2808             case QEMU_OPTION_nouserconfig:
2809                 userconfig = false;
2810                 break;
2811             }
2812         }
2813     }
2814 
2815     machine_opts_dict = qdict_new();
2816     if (userconfig) {
2817         qemu_read_default_config_file(&error_fatal);
2818     }
2819 
2820     /* second pass of option parsing */
2821     optind = 1;
2822     for(;;) {
2823         if (optind >= argc)
2824             break;
2825         if (argv[optind][0] != '-') {
2826             loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind, 1);
2827             drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, 0, argv[optind++], HD_OPTS);
2828         } else {
2829             const QEMUOption *popt;
2830 
2831             popt = lookup_opt(argc, argv, &optarg, &optind);
2832             if (!(popt->arch_mask & arch_type)) {
2833                 error_report("Option not supported for this target");
2834                 exit(1);
2835             }
2836             switch(popt->index) {
2837             case QEMU_OPTION_cpu:
2838                 /* hw initialization will check this */
2839                 cpu_option = optarg;
2840                 break;
2841             case QEMU_OPTION_hda:
2842             case QEMU_OPTION_hdb:
2843             case QEMU_OPTION_hdc:
2844             case QEMU_OPTION_hdd:
2845                 drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, popt->index - QEMU_OPTION_hda, optarg,
2846                           HD_OPTS);
2847                 break;
2848             case QEMU_OPTION_blockdev:
2849                 {
2850                     Visitor *v;
2851                     BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry *bdo;
2852 
2853                     v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(optarg, "driver",
2854                                                       &error_fatal);
2855 
2856                     bdo = g_new(BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry, 1);
2857                     visit_type_BlockdevOptions(v, NULL, &bdo->bdo,
2858                                                &error_fatal);
2859                     visit_free(v);
2860                     loc_save(&bdo->loc);
2861                     QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bdo_queue, bdo, entry);
2862                     break;
2863                 }
2864             case QEMU_OPTION_drive:
2865                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("drive"),
2866                                                optarg, false);
2867                 if (opts == NULL) {
2868                     exit(1);
2869                 }
2870                 break;
2871             case QEMU_OPTION_set:
2872                 qemu_set_option(optarg, &error_fatal);
2873                 break;
2874             case QEMU_OPTION_global:
2875                 if (qemu_global_option(optarg) != 0)
2876                     exit(1);
2877                 break;
2878             case QEMU_OPTION_mtdblock:
2879                 drive_add(IF_MTD, -1, optarg, MTD_OPTS);
2880                 break;
2881             case QEMU_OPTION_sd:
2882                 drive_add(IF_SD, -1, optarg, SD_OPTS);
2883                 break;
2884             case QEMU_OPTION_pflash:
2885                 drive_add(IF_PFLASH, -1, optarg, PFLASH_OPTS);
2886                 break;
2887             case QEMU_OPTION_snapshot:
2888                 snapshot = 1;
2889                 replay_add_blocker("-snapshot");
2890                 break;
2891             case QEMU_OPTION_numa:
2892                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("numa"),
2893                                                optarg, true);
2894                 if (!opts) {
2895                     exit(1);
2896                 }
2897                 break;
2898             case QEMU_OPTION_display:
2899                 parse_display(optarg);
2900                 break;
2901             case QEMU_OPTION_nographic:
2902                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "graphics", "off");
2903                 nographic = true;
2904                 dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
2905                 break;
2906             case QEMU_OPTION_portrait:
2907                 graphic_rotate = 90;
2908                 break;
2909             case QEMU_OPTION_rotate:
2910                 graphic_rotate = strtol(optarg, (char **) &optarg, 10);
2911                 if (graphic_rotate != 0 && graphic_rotate != 90 &&
2912                     graphic_rotate != 180 && graphic_rotate != 270) {
2913                     error_report("only 90, 180, 270 deg rotation is available");
2914                     exit(1);
2915                 }
2916                 break;
2917             case QEMU_OPTION_kernel:
2918                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "kernel", optarg);
2919                 break;
2920             case QEMU_OPTION_initrd:
2921                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "initrd", optarg);
2922                 break;
2923             case QEMU_OPTION_append:
2924                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "append", optarg);
2925                 break;
2926             case QEMU_OPTION_dtb:
2927                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "dtb", optarg);
2928                 break;
2929             case QEMU_OPTION_cdrom:
2930                 drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, 2, optarg, CDROM_OPTS);
2931                 break;
2932             case QEMU_OPTION_boot:
2933                 machine_parse_property_opt(qemu_find_opts("boot-opts"), "boot", optarg);
2934                 break;
2935             case QEMU_OPTION_fda:
2936             case QEMU_OPTION_fdb:
2937                 drive_add(IF_FLOPPY, popt->index - QEMU_OPTION_fda,
2938                           optarg, FD_OPTS);
2939                 break;
2940             case QEMU_OPTION_no_fd_bootchk:
2941                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "fd-bootchk", "off");
2942                 break;
2943             case QEMU_OPTION_netdev:
2944                 default_net = 0;
2945                 if (netdev_is_modern(optarg)) {
2946                     netdev_parse_modern(optarg);
2947                 } else {
2948                     net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("netdev"), optarg);
2949                 }
2950                 break;
2951             case QEMU_OPTION_nic:
2952                 default_net = 0;
2953                 net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("nic"), optarg);
2954                 break;
2955             case QEMU_OPTION_net:
2956                 default_net = 0;
2957                 net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("net"), optarg);
2958                 break;
2959 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBISCSI
2960             case QEMU_OPTION_iscsi:
2961                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("iscsi"),
2962                                                optarg, false);
2963                 if (!opts) {
2964                     exit(1);
2965                 }
2966                 break;
2967 #endif
2968             case QEMU_OPTION_audiodev:
2969                 default_audio = 0;
2970                 audio_parse_option(optarg);
2971                 break;
2972             case QEMU_OPTION_audio: {
2973                 bool help;
2974                 char *model = NULL;
2975                 Audiodev *dev = NULL;
2976                 Visitor *v;
2977                 QDict *dict = keyval_parse(optarg, "driver", &help, &error_fatal);
2978                 default_audio = 0;
2979                 if (help || (qdict_haskey(dict, "driver") &&
2980                              is_help_option(qdict_get_str(dict, "driver")))) {
2981                     audio_help();
2982                     exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
2983                 }
2984                 if (!qdict_haskey(dict, "id")) {
2985                     qdict_put_str(dict, "id", "audiodev0");
2986                 }
2987                 if (qdict_haskey(dict, "model")) {
2988                     model = g_strdup(qdict_get_str(dict, "model"));
2989                     qdict_del(dict, "model");
2990                     if (is_help_option(model)) {
2991                         show_valid_soundhw();
2992                         exit(0);
2993                     }
2994                 }
2995                 v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
2996                 qobject_unref(dict);
2997                 visit_type_Audiodev(v, NULL, &dev, &error_fatal);
2998                 visit_free(v);
2999                 if (model) {
3000                     audio_define(dev);
3001                     select_soundhw(model, dev->id);
3002                     g_free(model);
3003                 } else {
3004                     audio_define_default(dev, &error_fatal);
3005                 }
3006                 break;
3007             }
3008             case QEMU_OPTION_h:
3009                 help(0);
3010                 break;
3011             case QEMU_OPTION_version:
3012                 version();
3013                 exit(0);
3014                 break;
3015             case QEMU_OPTION_m:
3016                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("memory"), optarg, true);
3017                 if (opts == NULL) {
3018                     exit(1);
3019                 }
3020                 break;
3021 #ifdef CONFIG_TPM
3022             case QEMU_OPTION_tpmdev:
3023                 if (tpm_config_parse(qemu_find_opts("tpmdev"), optarg) < 0) {
3024                     exit(1);
3025                 }
3026                 break;
3027 #endif
3028             case QEMU_OPTION_mempath:
3029                 mem_path = optarg;
3030                 break;
3031             case QEMU_OPTION_mem_prealloc:
3032                 mem_prealloc = 1;
3033                 break;
3034             case QEMU_OPTION_d:
3035                 log_mask = optarg;
3036                 break;
3037             case QEMU_OPTION_D:
3038                 log_file = optarg;
3039                 break;
3040             case QEMU_OPTION_DFILTER:
3041                 qemu_set_dfilter_ranges(optarg, &error_fatal);
3042                 break;
3043 #if defined(CONFIG_TCG) && defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
3044             case QEMU_OPTION_perfmap:
3045                 perf_enable_perfmap();
3046                 break;
3047             case QEMU_OPTION_jitdump:
3048                 perf_enable_jitdump();
3049                 break;
3050 #endif
3051             case QEMU_OPTION_seed:
3052                 qemu_guest_random_seed_main(optarg, &error_fatal);
3053                 break;
3054             case QEMU_OPTION_s:
3055                 add_device_config(DEV_GDB, "tcp::" DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT);
3056                 break;
3057             case QEMU_OPTION_gdb:
3058                 add_device_config(DEV_GDB, optarg);
3059                 break;
3060             case QEMU_OPTION_L:
3061                 if (is_help_option(optarg)) {
3062                     list_data_dirs = true;
3063                 } else {
3064                     qemu_add_data_dir(g_strdup(optarg));
3065                 }
3066                 break;
3067             case QEMU_OPTION_bios:
3068                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "firmware", optarg);
3069                 break;
3070             case QEMU_OPTION_S:
3071                 autostart = 0;
3072                 break;
3073             case QEMU_OPTION_k:
3074                 keyboard_layout = optarg;
3075                 break;
3076             case QEMU_OPTION_vga:
3077                 vga_model = optarg;
3078                 default_vga = 0;
3079                 break;
3080             case QEMU_OPTION_g:
3081                 {
3082                     const char *p;
3083                     int w, h, depth;
3084                     p = optarg;
3085                     w = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
3086                     if (w <= 0) {
3087                     graphic_error:
3088                         error_report("invalid resolution or depth");
3089                         exit(1);
3090                     }
3091                     if (*p != 'x')
3092                         goto graphic_error;
3093                     p++;
3094                     h = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
3095                     if (h <= 0)
3096                         goto graphic_error;
3097                     if (*p == 'x') {
3098                         p++;
3099                         depth = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
3100                         if (depth != 1 && depth != 2 && depth != 4 &&
3101                             depth != 8 && depth != 15 && depth != 16 &&
3102                             depth != 24 && depth != 32)
3103                             goto graphic_error;
3104                     } else if (*p == '\0') {
3105                         depth = graphic_depth;
3106                     } else {
3107                         goto graphic_error;
3108                     }
3109 
3110                     graphic_width = w;
3111                     graphic_height = h;
3112                     graphic_depth = depth;
3113                 }
3114                 break;
3115             case QEMU_OPTION_echr:
3116                 {
3117                     char *r;
3118                     term_escape_char = strtol(optarg, &r, 0);
3119                     if (r == optarg)
3120                         printf("Bad argument to echr\n");
3121                     break;
3122                 }
3123             case QEMU_OPTION_monitor:
3124                 default_monitor = 0;
3125                 if (strncmp(optarg, "none", 4)) {
3126                     monitor_parse(optarg, "readline", false);
3127                 }
3128                 break;
3129             case QEMU_OPTION_qmp:
3130                 monitor_parse(optarg, "control", false);
3131                 default_monitor = 0;
3132                 break;
3133             case QEMU_OPTION_qmp_pretty:
3134                 monitor_parse(optarg, "control", true);
3135                 default_monitor = 0;
3136                 break;
3137             case QEMU_OPTION_mon:
3138                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("mon"), optarg,
3139                                                true);
3140                 if (!opts) {
3141                     exit(1);
3142                 }
3143                 default_monitor = 0;
3144                 break;
3145             case QEMU_OPTION_chardev:
3146                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("chardev"),
3147                                                optarg, true);
3148                 if (!opts) {
3149                     exit(1);
3150                 }
3151                 break;
3152             case QEMU_OPTION_fsdev:
3153                 olist = qemu_find_opts("fsdev");
3154                 if (!olist) {
3155                     error_report("fsdev support is disabled");
3156                     exit(1);
3157                 }
3158                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
3159                 if (!opts) {
3160                     exit(1);
3161                 }
3162                 break;
3163             case QEMU_OPTION_virtfs: {
3164                 QemuOpts *fsdev;
3165                 QemuOpts *device;
3166                 const char *writeout, *sock_fd, *socket, *path, *security_model,
3167                            *multidevs;
3168 
3169                 olist = qemu_find_opts("virtfs");
3170                 if (!olist) {
3171                     error_report("virtfs support is disabled");
3172                     exit(1);
3173                 }
3174                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
3175                 if (!opts) {
3176                     exit(1);
3177                 }
3178 
3179                 if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "fsdriver") == NULL ||
3180                     qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag") == NULL) {
3181                     error_report("Usage: -virtfs fsdriver,mount_tag=tag");
3182                     exit(1);
3183                 }
3184                 fsdev = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"),
3185                                          qemu_opts_id(opts) ?:
3186                                          qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"),
3187                                          1, NULL);
3188                 if (!fsdev) {
3189                     error_report("duplicate or invalid fsdev id: %s",
3190                                  qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"));
3191                     exit(1);
3192                 }
3193 
3194                 writeout = qemu_opt_get(opts, "writeout");
3195                 if (writeout) {
3196 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
3197                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "writeout", writeout, &error_abort);
3198 #else
3199                     error_report("writeout=immediate not supported "
3200                                  "on this platform");
3201                     exit(1);
3202 #endif
3203                 }
3204                 qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "fsdriver",
3205                              qemu_opt_get(opts, "fsdriver"), &error_abort);
3206                 path = qemu_opt_get(opts, "path");
3207                 if (path) {
3208                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "path", path, &error_abort);
3209                 }
3210                 security_model = qemu_opt_get(opts, "security_model");
3211                 if (security_model) {
3212                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "security_model", security_model,
3213                                  &error_abort);
3214                 }
3215                 socket = qemu_opt_get(opts, "socket");
3216                 if (socket) {
3217                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "socket", socket, &error_abort);
3218                 }
3219                 sock_fd = qemu_opt_get(opts, "sock_fd");
3220                 if (sock_fd) {
3221                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "sock_fd", sock_fd, &error_abort);
3222                 }
3223 
3224                 qemu_opt_set_bool(fsdev, "readonly",
3225                                   qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "readonly", 0),
3226                                   &error_abort);
3227                 multidevs = qemu_opt_get(opts, "multidevs");
3228                 if (multidevs) {
3229                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "multidevs", multidevs, &error_abort);
3230                 }
3231                 device = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0,
3232                                           &error_abort);
3233                 qemu_opt_set(device, "driver", "virtio-9p-pci", &error_abort);
3234                 qemu_opt_set(device, "fsdev",
3235                              qemu_opts_id(fsdev), &error_abort);
3236                 qemu_opt_set(device, "mount_tag",
3237                              qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"), &error_abort);
3238                 break;
3239             }
3240             case QEMU_OPTION_serial:
3241                 add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, optarg);
3242                 default_serial = 0;
3243                 if (strncmp(optarg, "mon:", 4) == 0) {
3244                     default_monitor = 0;
3245                 }
3246                 break;
3247             case QEMU_OPTION_action:
3248                 olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
3249                 if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, false)) {
3250                      exit(1);
3251                 }
3252                 break;
3253             case QEMU_OPTION_watchdog_action: {
3254                 opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("action"), NULL, 0, &error_abort);
3255                 qemu_opt_set(opts, "watchdog", optarg, &error_abort);
3256                 break;
3257             }
3258             case QEMU_OPTION_parallel:
3259                 add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, optarg);
3260                 default_parallel = 0;
3261                 if (strncmp(optarg, "mon:", 4) == 0) {
3262                     default_monitor = 0;
3263                 }
3264                 break;
3265             case QEMU_OPTION_debugcon:
3266                 add_device_config(DEV_DEBUGCON, optarg);
3267                 break;
3268             case QEMU_OPTION_loadvm:
3269                 loadvm = optarg;
3270                 break;
3271             case QEMU_OPTION_full_screen:
3272                 dpy.has_full_screen = true;
3273                 dpy.full_screen = true;
3274                 break;
3275             case QEMU_OPTION_pidfile:
3276                 pid_file = optarg;
3277                 break;
3278             case QEMU_OPTION_win2k_hack:
3279                 object_register_sugar_prop("ide-device", "win2k-install-hack", "true", true);
3280                 break;
3281             case QEMU_OPTION_acpitable:
3282                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("acpi"),
3283                                                optarg, true);
3284                 if (!opts) {
3285                     exit(1);
3286                 }
3287                 acpi_table_add(opts, &error_fatal);
3288                 break;
3289             case QEMU_OPTION_smbios:
3290                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("smbios"),
3291                                                optarg, false);
3292                 if (!opts) {
3293                     exit(1);
3294                 }
3295                 smbios_entry_add(opts, &error_fatal);
3296                 break;
3297             case QEMU_OPTION_fwcfg:
3298                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("fw_cfg"),
3299                                                optarg, true);
3300                 if (opts == NULL) {
3301                     exit(1);
3302                 }
3303                 break;
3304             case QEMU_OPTION_preconfig:
3305                 preconfig_requested = true;
3306                 break;
3307             case QEMU_OPTION_enable_kvm:
3308                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "accel", "kvm");
3309                 break;
3310             case QEMU_OPTION_M:
3311             case QEMU_OPTION_machine:
3312                 {
3313                     bool help;
3314 
3315                     keyval_parse_into(machine_opts_dict, optarg, "type", &help, &error_fatal);
3316                     if (help) {
3317                         machine_help_func(machine_opts_dict);
3318                         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
3319                     }
3320                     break;
3321                 }
3322             case QEMU_OPTION_accel:
3323                 accel_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("accel"),
3324                                                      optarg, true);
3325                 optarg = qemu_opt_get(accel_opts, "accel");
3326                 if (!optarg || is_help_option(optarg)) {
3327                     printf("Accelerators supported in QEMU binary:\n");
3328                     GSList *el, *accel_list = object_class_get_list(TYPE_ACCEL,
3329                                                                     false);
3330                     for (el = accel_list; el; el = el->next) {
3331                         gchar *typename = g_strdup(object_class_get_name(
3332                                                    OBJECT_CLASS(el->data)));
3333                         /* omit qtest which is used for tests only */
3334                         if (g_strcmp0(typename, ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("qtest")) &&
3335                             g_str_has_suffix(typename, ACCEL_CLASS_SUFFIX)) {
3336                             gchar **optname = g_strsplit(typename,
3337                                                          ACCEL_CLASS_SUFFIX, 0);
3338                             printf("%s\n", optname[0]);
3339                             g_strfreev(optname);
3340                         }
3341                         g_free(typename);
3342                     }
3343                     g_slist_free(accel_list);
3344                     exit(0);
3345                 }
3346                 break;
3347             case QEMU_OPTION_usb:
3348                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "usb", "on");
3349                 break;
3350             case QEMU_OPTION_usbdevice:
3351                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "usb", "on");
3352                 add_device_config(DEV_USB, optarg);
3353                 break;
3354             case QEMU_OPTION_device:
3355                 if (optarg[0] == '{') {
3356                     QObject *obj = qobject_from_json(optarg, &error_fatal);
3357                     DeviceOption *opt = g_new0(DeviceOption, 1);
3358                     opt->opts = qobject_to(QDict, obj);
3359                     loc_save(&opt->loc);
3360                     assert(opt->opts != NULL);
3361                     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&device_opts, opt, next);
3362                 } else {
3363                     if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("device"),
3364                                                  optarg, true)) {
3365                         exit(1);
3366                     }
3367                 }
3368                 break;
3369             case QEMU_OPTION_smp:
3370                 machine_parse_property_opt(qemu_find_opts("smp-opts"),
3371                                            "smp", optarg);
3372                 break;
3373 #ifdef CONFIG_VNC
3374             case QEMU_OPTION_vnc:
3375                 vnc_parse(optarg);
3376                 display_remote++;
3377                 break;
3378 #endif
3379             case QEMU_OPTION_no_reboot:
3380                 olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
3381                 qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, "reboot=shutdown", false);
3382                 break;
3383             case QEMU_OPTION_no_shutdown:
3384                 olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
3385                 qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, "shutdown=pause", false);
3386                 break;
3387             case QEMU_OPTION_uuid:
3388                 if (qemu_uuid_parse(optarg, &qemu_uuid) < 0) {
3389                     error_report("failed to parse UUID string: wrong format");
3390                     exit(1);
3391                 }
3392                 qemu_uuid_set = true;
3393                 break;
3394             case QEMU_OPTION_option_rom:
3395                 if (nb_option_roms >= MAX_OPTION_ROMS) {
3396                     error_report("too many option ROMs");
3397                     exit(1);
3398                 }
3399                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("option-rom"),
3400                                                optarg, true);
3401                 if (!opts) {
3402                     exit(1);
3403                 }
3404                 option_rom[nb_option_roms].name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "romfile");
3405                 option_rom[nb_option_roms].bootindex =
3406                     qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bootindex", -1);
3407                 if (!option_rom[nb_option_roms].name) {
3408                     error_report("Option ROM file is not specified");
3409                     exit(1);
3410                 }
3411                 nb_option_roms++;
3412                 break;
3413             case QEMU_OPTION_semihosting:
3414                 qemu_semihosting_enable();
3415                 break;
3416             case QEMU_OPTION_semihosting_config:
3417                 if (qemu_semihosting_config_options(optarg) != 0) {
3418                     exit(1);
3419                 }
3420                 break;
3421             case QEMU_OPTION_name:
3422                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("name"),
3423                                                optarg, true);
3424                 if (!opts) {
3425                     exit(1);
3426                 }
3427                 /* Capture guest name if -msg guest-name is used later */
3428                 error_guest_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "guest");
3429                 break;
3430             case QEMU_OPTION_prom_env:
3431                 if (nb_prom_envs >= MAX_PROM_ENVS) {
3432                     error_report("too many prom variables");
3433                     exit(1);
3434                 }
3435                 prom_envs[nb_prom_envs] = optarg;
3436                 nb_prom_envs++;
3437                 break;
3438             case QEMU_OPTION_old_param:
3439                 old_param = 1;
3440                 break;
3441             case QEMU_OPTION_rtc:
3442                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("rtc"), optarg,
3443                                                false);
3444                 if (!opts) {
3445                     exit(1);
3446                 }
3447                 break;
3448             case QEMU_OPTION_icount:
3449                 icount_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("icount"),
3450                                                       optarg, true);
3451                 if (!icount_opts) {
3452                     exit(1);
3453                 }
3454                 break;
3455             case QEMU_OPTION_incoming:
3456                 if (!incoming) {
3457                     runstate_set(RUN_STATE_INMIGRATE);
3458                 }
3459                 incoming = optarg;
3460                 break;
3461             case QEMU_OPTION_only_migratable:
3462                 only_migratable = 1;
3463                 break;
3464             case QEMU_OPTION_nodefaults:
3465                 has_defaults = 0;
3466                 break;
3467             case QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid:
3468                 if (!(accel_find("xen")) && !(accel_find("kvm"))) {
3469                     error_report("Option not supported for this target");
3470                     exit(1);
3471                 }
3472                 xen_domid = atoi(optarg);
3473                 break;
3474             case QEMU_OPTION_xen_attach:
3475                 if (!(accel_find("xen"))) {
3476                     error_report("Option not supported for this target");
3477                     exit(1);
3478                 }
3479                 xen_mode = XEN_ATTACH;
3480                 break;
3481             case QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid_restrict:
3482                 if (!(accel_find("xen"))) {
3483                     error_report("Option not supported for this target");
3484                     exit(1);
3485                 }
3486                 xen_domid_restrict = true;
3487                 break;
3488             case QEMU_OPTION_trace:
3489                 trace_opt_parse(optarg);
3490                 break;
3491             case QEMU_OPTION_plugin:
3492                 qemu_plugin_opt_parse(optarg, &plugin_list);
3493                 break;
3494             case QEMU_OPTION_readconfig:
3495                 qemu_read_config_file(optarg, qemu_parse_config_group, &error_fatal);
3496                 break;
3497 #ifdef CONFIG_SPICE
3498             case QEMU_OPTION_spice:
3499                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("spice"), optarg, false);
3500                 if (!opts) {
3501                     exit(1);
3502                 }
3503                 display_remote++;
3504                 break;
3505 #endif
3506             case QEMU_OPTION_qtest:
3507                 qtest_chrdev = optarg;
3508                 break;
3509             case QEMU_OPTION_qtest_log:
3510                 qtest_log = optarg;
3511                 break;
3512             case QEMU_OPTION_sandbox:
3513                 olist = qemu_find_opts("sandbox");
3514                 if (!olist) {
3515 #ifndef CONFIG_SECCOMP
3516                     error_report("-sandbox support is not enabled "
3517                                  "in this QEMU binary");
3518 #endif
3519                     exit(1);
3520                 }
3521 
3522                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
3523                 if (!opts) {
3524                     exit(1);
3525                 }
3526                 break;
3527             case QEMU_OPTION_add_fd:
3528 #ifndef _WIN32
3529                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
3530                                                optarg, false);
3531                 if (!opts) {
3532                     exit(1);
3533                 }
3534 #else
3535                 error_report("File descriptor passing is disabled on this "
3536                              "platform");
3537                 exit(1);
3538 #endif
3539                 break;
3540             case QEMU_OPTION_object:
3541                 object_option_parse(optarg);
3542                 break;
3543             case QEMU_OPTION_overcommit:
3544                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("overcommit"),
3545                                                optarg, false);
3546                 if (!opts) {
3547                     exit(1);
3548                 }
3549                 enable_mlock = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "mem-lock", false);
3550                 enable_cpu_pm = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "cpu-pm", false);
3551                 break;
3552             case QEMU_OPTION_compat:
3553                 {
3554                     CompatPolicy *opts_policy;
3555                     Visitor *v;
3556 
3557                     v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(optarg, NULL,
3558                                                       &error_fatal);
3559 
3560                     visit_type_CompatPolicy(v, NULL, &opts_policy, &error_fatal);
3561                     QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(CompatPolicy, &compat_policy, opts_policy);
3562 
3563                     qapi_free_CompatPolicy(opts_policy);
3564                     visit_free(v);
3565                     break;
3566                 }
3567             case QEMU_OPTION_msg:
3568                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("msg"), optarg,
3569                                                false);
3570                 if (!opts) {
3571                     exit(1);
3572                 }
3573                 configure_msg(opts);
3574                 break;
3575             case QEMU_OPTION_dump_vmstate:
3576                 if (vmstate_dump_file) {
3577                     error_report("only one '-dump-vmstate' "
3578                                  "option may be given");
3579                     exit(1);
3580                 }
3581                 vmstate_dump_file = fopen(optarg, "w");
3582                 if (vmstate_dump_file == NULL) {
3583                     error_report("open %s: %s", optarg, strerror(errno));
3584                     exit(1);
3585                 }
3586                 break;
3587             case QEMU_OPTION_enable_sync_profile:
3588                 qsp_enable();
3589                 break;
3590             case QEMU_OPTION_nouserconfig:
3591                 /* Nothing to be parsed here. Especially, do not error out below. */
3592                 break;
3593 #if defined(CONFIG_POSIX)
3594             case QEMU_OPTION_runas:
3595                 warn_report("-runas is deprecated, use '-run-with user=...' instead");
3596                 if (!os_set_runas(optarg)) {
3597                     error_report("User \"%s\" doesn't exist"
3598                                  " (and is not <uid>:<gid>)",
3599                                  optarg);
3600                     exit(1);
3601                 }
3602                 break;
3603             case QEMU_OPTION_daemonize:
3604                 os_set_daemonize(true);
3605                 break;
3606             case QEMU_OPTION_run_with: {
3607                 const char *str;
3608                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("run-with"),
3609                                                          optarg, false);
3610                 if (!opts) {
3611                     exit(1);
3612                 }
3613 #if defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
3614                 if (qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "async-teardown", false)) {
3615                     init_async_teardown();
3616                 }
3617 #endif
3618                 str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "chroot");
3619                 if (str) {
3620                     os_set_chroot(str);
3621                 }
3622                 str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "user");
3623                 if (str) {
3624                     if (!os_set_runas(str)) {
3625                         error_report("User \"%s\" doesn't exist"
3626                                      " (and is not <uid>:<gid>)",
3627                                      optarg);
3628                         exit(1);
3629                     }
3630                 }
3631 
3632                 break;
3633             }
3634 #endif /* CONFIG_POSIX */
3635 
3636             default:
3637                 error_report("Option not supported in this build");
3638                 exit(1);
3639             }
3640         }
3641     }
3642     /*
3643      * Clear error location left behind by the loop.
3644      * Best done right after the loop.  Do not insert code here!
3645      */
3646     loc_set_none();
3647 
3648     qemu_validate_options(machine_opts_dict);
3649     qemu_process_sugar_options();
3650 
3651     /*
3652      * These options affect everything else and should be processed
3653      * before daemonizing.
3654      */
3655     qemu_process_early_options();
3656 
3657     qemu_process_help_options();
3658     qemu_maybe_daemonize(pid_file);
3659 
3660     /*
3661      * The trace backend must be initialized after daemonizing.
3662      * trace_init_backends() will call st_init(), which will create the
3663      * trace thread in the parent, and also register st_flush_trace_buffer()
3664      * in atexit(). This function will force the parent to wait for the
3665      * writeout thread to finish, which will not occur, and the parent
3666      * process will be left in the host.
3667      */
3668     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
3669         exit(1);
3670     }
3671     trace_init_file();
3672 
3673     qemu_init_main_loop(&error_fatal);
3674     cpu_timers_init();
3675 
3676     user_register_global_props();
3677     replay_configure(icount_opts);
3678 
3679     configure_rtc(qemu_find_opts_singleton("rtc"));
3680 
3681     /* Transfer QemuOpts options into machine options */
3682     parse_memory_options();
3683 
3684     qemu_create_machine(machine_opts_dict);
3685 
3686     suspend_mux_open();
3687 
3688     qemu_disable_default_devices();
3689     qemu_setup_display();
3690     qemu_create_default_devices();
3691     qemu_create_early_backends();
3692 
3693     qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(machine_opts_dict);
3694     qemu_apply_machine_options(machine_opts_dict);
3695     qobject_unref(machine_opts_dict);
3696     phase_advance(PHASE_MACHINE_CREATED);
3697 
3698     /*
3699      * Note: uses machine properties such as kernel-irqchip, must run
3700      * after qemu_apply_machine_options.
3701      */
3702     configure_accelerators(argv[0]);
3703     phase_advance(PHASE_ACCEL_CREATED);
3704 
3705     /*
3706      * Beware, QOM objects created before this point miss global and
3707      * compat properties.
3708      *
3709      * Global properties get set up by qdev_prop_register_global(),
3710      * called from user_register_global_props(), and certain option
3711      * desugaring.  Also in CPU feature desugaring (buried in
3712      * parse_cpu_option()), which happens below this point, but may
3713      * only target the CPU type, which can only be created after
3714      * parse_cpu_option() returned the type.
3715      *
3716      * Machine compat properties: object_set_machine_compat_props().
3717      * Accelerator compat props: object_set_accelerator_compat_props(),
3718      * called from do_configure_accelerator().
3719      */
3720 
3721     machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
3722     if (!qtest_enabled() && machine_class->deprecation_reason) {
3723         warn_report("Machine type '%s' is deprecated: %s",
3724                      machine_class->name, machine_class->deprecation_reason);
3725     }
3726 
3727     /*
3728      * Create backends before creating migration objects, so that it can
3729      * check against compatibilities on the backend memories (e.g. postcopy
3730      * over memory-backend-file objects).
3731      */
3732     qemu_create_late_backends();
3733     phase_advance(PHASE_LATE_BACKENDS_CREATED);
3734 
3735     /*
3736      * Note: creates a QOM object, must run only after global and
3737      * compat properties have been set up.
3738      */
3739     migration_object_init();
3740 
3741     /* parse features once if machine provides default cpu_type */
3742     current_machine->cpu_type = machine_class_default_cpu_type(machine_class);
3743     if (cpu_option) {
3744         current_machine->cpu_type = parse_cpu_option(cpu_option);
3745     }
3746     /* NB: for machine none cpu_type could STILL be NULL here! */
3747 
3748     qemu_resolve_machine_memdev();
3749     parse_numa_opts(current_machine);
3750 
3751     if (vmstate_dump_file) {
3752         /* dump and exit */
3753         module_load_qom_all();
3754         dump_vmstate_json_to_file(vmstate_dump_file);
3755         exit(0);
3756     }
3757 
3758     if (!preconfig_requested) {
3759         qmp_x_exit_preconfig(&error_fatal);
3760     }
3761     qemu_init_displays();
3762     accel_setup_post(current_machine);
3763     os_setup_post();
3764     resume_mux_open();
3765 }
3766