xref: /openbmc/qemu/system/qemu-seccomp.c (revision 34cc54fb)
1 /*
2  * QEMU seccomp mode 2 support with libseccomp
3  *
4  * Copyright IBM, Corp. 2012
5  *
6  * Authors:
7  *  Eduardo Otubo    <eotubo@br.ibm.com>
8  *
9  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
10  * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
11  *
12  * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
13  * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
14  */
15 
16 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
17 #include "qapi/error.h"
18 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
19 #include "qemu/option.h"
20 #include "qemu/module.h"
21 #include <sys/prctl.h>
22 #include <seccomp.h>
23 #include "sysemu/seccomp.h"
24 #include <linux/seccomp.h>
25 
26 /* For some architectures (notably ARM) cacheflush is not supported until
27  * libseccomp 2.2.3, but configure enforces that we are using a more recent
28  * version on those hosts, so it is OK for this check to be less strict.
29  */
30 #if SCMP_VER_MAJOR >= 3
31   #define HAVE_CACHEFLUSH
32 #elif SCMP_VER_MAJOR == 2 && SCMP_VER_MINOR >= 2
33   #define HAVE_CACHEFLUSH
34 #endif
35 
36 struct QemuSeccompSyscall {
37     int32_t num;
38     uint8_t set;
39     uint8_t narg;
40     const struct scmp_arg_cmp *arg_cmp;
41     uint32_t action;
42 };
43 
44 const struct scmp_arg_cmp sched_setscheduler_arg[] = {
45     /* was SCMP_A1(SCMP_CMP_NE, SCHED_IDLE), but expanded due to GCC 4.x bug */
46     { .arg = 1, .op = SCMP_CMP_NE, .datum_a = SCHED_IDLE }
47 };
48 
49 /*
50  * See 'NOTES' in 'man 2 clone' - s390 & cross have 'flags' in
51  *  different position to other architectures
52  */
53 #if defined(HOST_S390X) || defined(HOST_S390) || defined(HOST_CRIS)
54 #define CLONE_FLAGS_ARG 1
55 #else
56 #define CLONE_FLAGS_ARG 0
57 #endif
58 
59 #ifndef CLONE_PIDFD
60 # define CLONE_PIDFD 0x00001000
61 #endif
62 
63 #define REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(flag) \
64     const struct scmp_arg_cmp clone_arg ## flag[] = { \
65     { .arg = CLONE_FLAGS_ARG, \
66       .op = SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, \
67       .datum_a = flag, .datum_b = 0 } }
68 
69 #define FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(flag) \
70     const struct scmp_arg_cmp clone_arg ## flag[] = { \
71     { .arg = CLONE_FLAGS_ARG, \
72       .op = SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, \
73       .datum_a = flag, .datum_b = flag } }
74 
75 #define RULE_CLONE_FLAG(flag) \
76     { SCMP_SYS(clone),                  QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_SPAWN, \
77       ARRAY_SIZE(clone_arg ## flag), clone_arg ## flag, SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPERM) }
78 
79 /* If no CLONE_* flags are set, except CSIGNAL, deny */
80 const struct scmp_arg_cmp clone_arg_none[] = {
81     { .arg = CLONE_FLAGS_ARG,
82       .op = SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ,
83       .datum_a = ~(CSIGNAL), .datum_b = 0 }
84 };
85 
86 /*
87  * pthread_create should always set all of these.
88  */
89 REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_VM);
90 REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_FS);
91 REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_FILES);
92 REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_SIGHAND);
93 REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_THREAD);
94 REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_SYSVSEM);
95 REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_SETTLS);
96 REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_PARENT_SETTID);
97 REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID);
98 /*
99  * Musl sets this in pthread_create too, but it is
100  * obsolete and harmless since its behaviour is
101  * subsumed under CLONE_THREAD
102  */
103 /*REQUIRE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_DETACHED);*/
104 
105 
106 /*
107  * These all indicate an attempt to spawn a process
108  * instead of a thread, or other undesirable scenarios
109  */
110 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_PIDFD);
111 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_PTRACE);
112 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_VFORK);
113 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_PARENT);
114 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWNS);
115 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_UNTRACED);
116 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWCGROUP);
117 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWUTS);
118 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWIPC);
119 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWUSER);
120 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWPID);
121 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWNET);
122 FORBID_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_IO);
123 
124 
125 static const struct QemuSeccompSyscall denylist[] = {
126     /* default set of syscalls that should get blocked */
127     { SCMP_SYS(reboot),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
128       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
129     { SCMP_SYS(swapon),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
130       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
131     { SCMP_SYS(swapoff),                QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
132       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
133     { SCMP_SYS(syslog),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
134       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
135     { SCMP_SYS(mount),                  QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
136       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
137     { SCMP_SYS(umount),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
138       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
139     { SCMP_SYS(kexec_load),             QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
140       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
141     { SCMP_SYS(afs_syscall),            QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
142       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
143     { SCMP_SYS(break),                  QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
144       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
145     { SCMP_SYS(ftime),                  QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
146       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
147     { SCMP_SYS(getpmsg),                QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
148       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
149     { SCMP_SYS(gtty),                   QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
150       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
151     { SCMP_SYS(lock),                   QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
152       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
153     { SCMP_SYS(mpx),                    QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
154       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
155     { SCMP_SYS(prof),                   QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
156       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
157     { SCMP_SYS(profil),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
158       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
159     { SCMP_SYS(putpmsg),                QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
160       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
161     { SCMP_SYS(security),               QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
162       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
163     { SCMP_SYS(stty),                   QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
164       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
165     { SCMP_SYS(tuxcall),                QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
166       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
167     { SCMP_SYS(ulimit),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
168       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
169     { SCMP_SYS(vserver),                QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT,
170       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
171     /* obsolete */
172     { SCMP_SYS(readdir),                QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
173       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
174     { SCMP_SYS(_sysctl),                QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
175       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
176     { SCMP_SYS(bdflush),                QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
177       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
178     { SCMP_SYS(create_module),          QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
179       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
180     { SCMP_SYS(get_kernel_syms),        QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
181       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
182     { SCMP_SYS(query_module),           QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
183       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
184     { SCMP_SYS(sgetmask),               QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
185       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
186     { SCMP_SYS(ssetmask),               QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
187       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
188     { SCMP_SYS(sysfs),                  QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
189       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
190     { SCMP_SYS(uselib),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
191       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
192     { SCMP_SYS(ustat),                  QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE,
193       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
194     /* privileged */
195     { SCMP_SYS(setuid),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED,
196       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
197     { SCMP_SYS(setgid),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED,
198       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
199     { SCMP_SYS(setpgid),                QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED,
200       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
201     { SCMP_SYS(setsid),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED,
202       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
203     { SCMP_SYS(setreuid),               QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED,
204       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
205     { SCMP_SYS(setregid),               QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED,
206       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
207     { SCMP_SYS(setresuid),              QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED,
208       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
209     { SCMP_SYS(setresgid),              QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED,
210       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
211     { SCMP_SYS(setfsuid),               QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED,
212       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
213     { SCMP_SYS(setfsgid),               QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED,
214       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_TRAP },
215     /* spawn */
216     { SCMP_SYS(fork),                   QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_SPAWN,
217       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPERM) },
218     { SCMP_SYS(vfork),                  QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_SPAWN,
219       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPERM) },
220     { SCMP_SYS(execve),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_SPAWN,
221       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPERM) },
222     { SCMP_SYS(clone),                  QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_SPAWN,
223       ARRAY_SIZE(clone_arg_none), clone_arg_none, SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPERM) },
224     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_VM),
225     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_FS),
226     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_FILES),
227     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_SIGHAND),
228     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_THREAD),
229     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_SYSVSEM),
230     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_SETTLS),
231     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_PARENT_SETTID),
232     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID),
233     /*RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_DETACHED),*/
234     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_PIDFD),
235     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_PTRACE),
236     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_VFORK),
237     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_PARENT),
238     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWNS),
239     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_UNTRACED),
240     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWCGROUP),
241     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWUTS),
242     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWIPC),
243     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWUSER),
244     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWPID),
245     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_NEWNET),
246     RULE_CLONE_FLAG(CLONE_IO),
247 #ifdef __SNR_clone3
248     { SCMP_SYS(clone3),                 QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_SPAWN,
249       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(ENOSYS) },
250 #endif
251 #ifdef __SNR_execveat
252     { SCMP_SYS(execveat),               QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_SPAWN },
253 #endif
254     { SCMP_SYS(setns),                  QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_SPAWN },
255     { SCMP_SYS(unshare),                QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_SPAWN },
256     /* resource control */
257     { SCMP_SYS(setpriority),            QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_RESOURCECTL,
258       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPERM) },
259     { SCMP_SYS(sched_setparam),         QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_RESOURCECTL,
260       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPERM) },
261     { SCMP_SYS(sched_setscheduler),     QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_RESOURCECTL,
262       ARRAY_SIZE(sched_setscheduler_arg), sched_setscheduler_arg,
263       SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPERM) },
264     { SCMP_SYS(sched_setaffinity),      QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_RESOURCECTL,
265       0, NULL, SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPERM) },
266 };
267 
268 static inline __attribute__((unused)) int
269 qemu_seccomp(unsigned int operation, unsigned int flags, void *args)
270 {
271 #ifdef __NR_seccomp
272     return syscall(__NR_seccomp, operation, flags, args);
273 #else
274     errno = ENOSYS;
275     return -1;
276 #endif
277 }
278 
279 static uint32_t qemu_seccomp_update_action(uint32_t action)
280 {
281 #if defined(SECCOMP_GET_ACTION_AVAIL) && defined(SCMP_ACT_KILL_PROCESS) && \
282     defined(SECCOMP_RET_KILL_PROCESS)
283     if (action == SCMP_ACT_TRAP) {
284         static int kill_process = -1;
285         if (kill_process == -1) {
286             uint32_t testaction = SECCOMP_RET_KILL_PROCESS;
287 
288             if (qemu_seccomp(SECCOMP_GET_ACTION_AVAIL, 0, &testaction) == 0) {
289                 kill_process = 1;
290             } else {
291                 kill_process = 0;
292             }
293         }
294         if (kill_process == 1) {
295             return SCMP_ACT_KILL_PROCESS;
296         }
297     }
298 #endif
299     return action;
300 }
301 
302 
303 static int seccomp_start(uint32_t seccomp_opts, Error **errp)
304 {
305     int rc = -1;
306     unsigned int i = 0;
307     scmp_filter_ctx ctx;
308 
309     ctx = seccomp_init(SCMP_ACT_ALLOW);
310     if (ctx == NULL) {
311         error_setg(errp, "failed to initialize seccomp context");
312         goto seccomp_return;
313     }
314 
315 #if defined(CONFIG_SECCOMP_SYSRAWRC)
316     /*
317      * This must be the first seccomp_attr_set() call to have full
318      * error propagation from subsequent seccomp APIs.
319      */
320     rc = seccomp_attr_set(ctx, SCMP_FLTATR_API_SYSRAWRC, 1);
321     if (rc != 0) {
322         error_setg_errno(errp, -rc,
323                          "failed to set seccomp rawrc attribute");
324         goto seccomp_return;
325     }
326 #endif
327 
328     rc = seccomp_attr_set(ctx, SCMP_FLTATR_CTL_TSYNC, 1);
329     if (rc != 0) {
330         error_setg_errno(errp, -rc,
331                          "failed to set seccomp thread synchronization");
332         goto seccomp_return;
333     }
334 
335     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(denylist); i++) {
336         uint32_t action;
337         if (!(seccomp_opts & denylist[i].set)) {
338             continue;
339         }
340 
341         action = qemu_seccomp_update_action(denylist[i].action);
342         rc = seccomp_rule_add_array(ctx, action, denylist[i].num,
343                                     denylist[i].narg, denylist[i].arg_cmp);
344         if (rc < 0) {
345             error_setg_errno(errp, -rc,
346                              "failed to add seccomp denylist rules");
347             goto seccomp_return;
348         }
349     }
350 
351     rc = seccomp_load(ctx);
352     if (rc < 0) {
353         error_setg_errno(errp, -rc,
354                          "failed to load seccomp syscall filter in kernel");
355     }
356 
357   seccomp_return:
358     seccomp_release(ctx);
359     return rc < 0 ? -1 : 0;
360 }
361 
362 int parse_sandbox(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
363 {
364     if (qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "enable", false)) {
365         uint32_t seccomp_opts = QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_DEFAULT
366                 | QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE;
367         const char *value = NULL;
368 
369         value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "obsolete");
370         if (value) {
371             if (g_str_equal(value, "allow")) {
372                 seccomp_opts &= ~QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_OBSOLETE;
373             } else if (g_str_equal(value, "deny")) {
374                 /* this is the default option, this if is here
375                  * to provide a little bit of consistency for
376                  * the command line */
377             } else {
378                 error_setg(errp, "invalid argument for obsolete");
379                 return -1;
380             }
381         }
382 
383         value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "elevateprivileges");
384         if (value) {
385             if (g_str_equal(value, "deny")) {
386                 seccomp_opts |= QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED;
387             } else if (g_str_equal(value, "children")) {
388                 seccomp_opts |= QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_PRIVILEGED;
389 
390                 /* calling prctl directly because we're
391                  * not sure if host has CAP_SYS_ADMIN set*/
392                 if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1)) {
393                     error_setg(errp, "failed to set no_new_privs aborting");
394                     return -1;
395                 }
396             } else if (g_str_equal(value, "allow")) {
397                 /* default value */
398             } else {
399                 error_setg(errp, "invalid argument for elevateprivileges");
400                 return -1;
401             }
402         }
403 
404         value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "spawn");
405         if (value) {
406             if (g_str_equal(value, "deny")) {
407                 seccomp_opts |= QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_SPAWN;
408             } else if (g_str_equal(value, "allow")) {
409                 /* default value */
410             } else {
411                 error_setg(errp, "invalid argument for spawn");
412                 return -1;
413             }
414         }
415 
416         value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "resourcecontrol");
417         if (value) {
418             if (g_str_equal(value, "deny")) {
419                 seccomp_opts |= QEMU_SECCOMP_SET_RESOURCECTL;
420             } else if (g_str_equal(value, "allow")) {
421                 /* default value */
422             } else {
423                 error_setg(errp, "invalid argument for resourcecontrol");
424                 return -1;
425             }
426         }
427 
428         if (seccomp_start(seccomp_opts, errp) < 0) {
429             return -1;
430         }
431     }
432 
433     return 0;
434 }
435 
436 static QemuOptsList qemu_sandbox_opts = {
437     .name = "sandbox",
438     .implied_opt_name = "enable",
439     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_sandbox_opts.head),
440     .desc = {
441         {
442             .name = "enable",
443             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
444         },
445         {
446             .name = "obsolete",
447             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
448         },
449         {
450             .name = "elevateprivileges",
451             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
452         },
453         {
454             .name = "spawn",
455             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
456         },
457         {
458             .name = "resourcecontrol",
459             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
460         },
461         { /* end of list */ }
462     },
463 };
464 
465 static void seccomp_register(void)
466 {
467     bool add = false;
468 
469     /* FIXME: use seccomp_api_get() >= 2 check when released */
470 
471 #if defined(SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_TSYNC)
472     int check;
473 
474     /* check host TSYNC capability, it returns errno == ENOSYS if unavailable */
475     check = qemu_seccomp(SECCOMP_SET_MODE_FILTER,
476                          SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_TSYNC, NULL);
477     if (check < 0 && errno == EFAULT) {
478         add = true;
479     }
480 #endif
481 
482     if (add) {
483         qemu_add_opts(&qemu_sandbox_opts);
484     }
485 }
486 opts_init(seccomp_register);
487