xref: /openbmc/qemu/scripts/qapi/parser.py (revision fd990e86)
1# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
2#
3# QAPI schema parser
4#
5# Copyright IBM, Corp. 2011
6# Copyright (c) 2013-2019 Red Hat Inc.
7#
8# Authors:
9#  Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
10#  Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
11#  Marc-André Lureau <marcandre.lureau@redhat.com>
12#  Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
13#
14# This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.
15# See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
16
17import os
18import re
19from collections import OrderedDict
20
21from qapi.error import QAPIParseError, QAPISemError
22from qapi.source import QAPISourceInfo
23
24
25class QAPISchemaParser:
26
27    def __init__(self, fname, previously_included=None, incl_info=None):
28        previously_included = previously_included or set()
29        previously_included.add(os.path.abspath(fname))
30
31        try:
32            fp = open(fname, 'r', encoding='utf-8')
33            self.src = fp.read()
34        except IOError as e:
35            raise QAPISemError(incl_info or QAPISourceInfo(None, None, None),
36                               "can't read %s file '%s': %s"
37                               % ("include" if incl_info else "schema",
38                                  fname,
39                                  e.strerror))
40
41        if self.src == '' or self.src[-1] != '\n':
42            self.src += '\n'
43        self.cursor = 0
44        self.info = QAPISourceInfo(fname, 1, incl_info)
45        self.line_pos = 0
46        self.exprs = []
47        self.docs = []
48        self.accept()
49        cur_doc = None
50
51        while self.tok is not None:
52            info = self.info
53            if self.tok == '#':
54                self.reject_expr_doc(cur_doc)
55                cur_doc = self.get_doc(info)
56                self.docs.append(cur_doc)
57                continue
58
59            expr = self.get_expr(False)
60            if 'include' in expr:
61                self.reject_expr_doc(cur_doc)
62                if len(expr) != 1:
63                    raise QAPISemError(info, "invalid 'include' directive")
64                include = expr['include']
65                if not isinstance(include, str):
66                    raise QAPISemError(info,
67                                       "value of 'include' must be a string")
68                incl_fname = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(fname),
69                                          include)
70                self.exprs.append({'expr': {'include': incl_fname},
71                                   'info': info})
72                exprs_include = self._include(include, info, incl_fname,
73                                              previously_included)
74                if exprs_include:
75                    self.exprs.extend(exprs_include.exprs)
76                    self.docs.extend(exprs_include.docs)
77            elif "pragma" in expr:
78                self.reject_expr_doc(cur_doc)
79                if len(expr) != 1:
80                    raise QAPISemError(info, "invalid 'pragma' directive")
81                pragma = expr['pragma']
82                if not isinstance(pragma, dict):
83                    raise QAPISemError(
84                        info, "value of 'pragma' must be an object")
85                for name, value in pragma.items():
86                    self._pragma(name, value, info)
87            else:
88                expr_elem = {'expr': expr,
89                             'info': info}
90                if cur_doc:
91                    if not cur_doc.symbol:
92                        raise QAPISemError(
93                            cur_doc.info, "definition documentation required")
94                    expr_elem['doc'] = cur_doc
95                self.exprs.append(expr_elem)
96            cur_doc = None
97        self.reject_expr_doc(cur_doc)
98
99    @staticmethod
100    def reject_expr_doc(doc):
101        if doc and doc.symbol:
102            raise QAPISemError(
103                doc.info,
104                "documentation for '%s' is not followed by the definition"
105                % doc.symbol)
106
107    def _include(self, include, info, incl_fname, previously_included):
108        incl_abs_fname = os.path.abspath(incl_fname)
109        # catch inclusion cycle
110        inf = info
111        while inf:
112            if incl_abs_fname == os.path.abspath(inf.fname):
113                raise QAPISemError(info, "inclusion loop for %s" % include)
114            inf = inf.parent
115
116        # skip multiple include of the same file
117        if incl_abs_fname in previously_included:
118            return None
119
120        return QAPISchemaParser(incl_fname, previously_included, info)
121
122    def _pragma(self, name, value, info):
123        if name == 'doc-required':
124            if not isinstance(value, bool):
125                raise QAPISemError(info,
126                                   "pragma 'doc-required' must be boolean")
127            info.pragma.doc_required = value
128        elif name == 'returns-whitelist':
129            if (not isinstance(value, list)
130                    or any([not isinstance(elt, str) for elt in value])):
131                raise QAPISemError(
132                    info,
133                    "pragma returns-whitelist must be a list of strings")
134            info.pragma.returns_whitelist = value
135        elif name == 'name-case-whitelist':
136            if (not isinstance(value, list)
137                    or any([not isinstance(elt, str) for elt in value])):
138                raise QAPISemError(
139                    info,
140                    "pragma name-case-whitelist must be a list of strings")
141            info.pragma.name_case_whitelist = value
142        else:
143            raise QAPISemError(info, "unknown pragma '%s'" % name)
144
145    def accept(self, skip_comment=True):
146        while True:
147            self.tok = self.src[self.cursor]
148            self.pos = self.cursor
149            self.cursor += 1
150            self.val = None
151
152            if self.tok == '#':
153                if self.src[self.cursor] == '#':
154                    # Start of doc comment
155                    skip_comment = False
156                self.cursor = self.src.find('\n', self.cursor)
157                if not skip_comment:
158                    self.val = self.src[self.pos:self.cursor]
159                    return
160            elif self.tok in '{}:,[]':
161                return
162            elif self.tok == "'":
163                # Note: we accept only printable ASCII
164                string = ''
165                esc = False
166                while True:
167                    ch = self.src[self.cursor]
168                    self.cursor += 1
169                    if ch == '\n':
170                        raise QAPIParseError(self, "missing terminating \"'\"")
171                    if esc:
172                        # Note: we recognize only \\ because we have
173                        # no use for funny characters in strings
174                        if ch != '\\':
175                            raise QAPIParseError(self,
176                                                 "unknown escape \\%s" % ch)
177                        esc = False
178                    elif ch == '\\':
179                        esc = True
180                        continue
181                    elif ch == "'":
182                        self.val = string
183                        return
184                    if ord(ch) < 32 or ord(ch) >= 127:
185                        raise QAPIParseError(
186                            self, "funny character in string")
187                    string += ch
188            elif self.src.startswith('true', self.pos):
189                self.val = True
190                self.cursor += 3
191                return
192            elif self.src.startswith('false', self.pos):
193                self.val = False
194                self.cursor += 4
195                return
196            elif self.tok == '\n':
197                if self.cursor == len(self.src):
198                    self.tok = None
199                    return
200                self.info = self.info.next_line()
201                self.line_pos = self.cursor
202            elif not self.tok.isspace():
203                # Show up to next structural, whitespace or quote
204                # character
205                match = re.match('[^[\\]{}:,\\s\'"]+',
206                                 self.src[self.cursor-1:])
207                raise QAPIParseError(self, "stray '%s'" % match.group(0))
208
209    def get_members(self):
210        expr = OrderedDict()
211        if self.tok == '}':
212            self.accept()
213            return expr
214        if self.tok != "'":
215            raise QAPIParseError(self, "expected string or '}'")
216        while True:
217            key = self.val
218            self.accept()
219            if self.tok != ':':
220                raise QAPIParseError(self, "expected ':'")
221            self.accept()
222            if key in expr:
223                raise QAPIParseError(self, "duplicate key '%s'" % key)
224            expr[key] = self.get_expr(True)
225            if self.tok == '}':
226                self.accept()
227                return expr
228            if self.tok != ',':
229                raise QAPIParseError(self, "expected ',' or '}'")
230            self.accept()
231            if self.tok != "'":
232                raise QAPIParseError(self, "expected string")
233
234    def get_values(self):
235        expr = []
236        if self.tok == ']':
237            self.accept()
238            return expr
239        if self.tok not in "{['tfn":
240            raise QAPIParseError(
241                self, "expected '{', '[', ']', string, boolean or 'null'")
242        while True:
243            expr.append(self.get_expr(True))
244            if self.tok == ']':
245                self.accept()
246                return expr
247            if self.tok != ',':
248                raise QAPIParseError(self, "expected ',' or ']'")
249            self.accept()
250
251    def get_expr(self, nested):
252        if self.tok != '{' and not nested:
253            raise QAPIParseError(self, "expected '{'")
254        if self.tok == '{':
255            self.accept()
256            expr = self.get_members()
257        elif self.tok == '[':
258            self.accept()
259            expr = self.get_values()
260        elif self.tok in "'tfn":
261            expr = self.val
262            self.accept()
263        else:
264            raise QAPIParseError(
265                self, "expected '{', '[', string, boolean or 'null'")
266        return expr
267
268    def get_doc(self, info):
269        if self.val != '##':
270            raise QAPIParseError(
271                self, "junk after '##' at start of documentation comment")
272
273        doc = QAPIDoc(self, info)
274        self.accept(False)
275        while self.tok == '#':
276            if self.val.startswith('##'):
277                # End of doc comment
278                if self.val != '##':
279                    raise QAPIParseError(
280                        self,
281                        "junk after '##' at end of documentation comment")
282                doc.end_comment()
283                self.accept()
284                return doc
285            doc.append(self.val)
286            self.accept(False)
287
288        raise QAPIParseError(self, "documentation comment must end with '##'")
289
290
291class QAPIDoc:
292    """
293    A documentation comment block, either definition or free-form
294
295    Definition documentation blocks consist of
296
297    * a body section: one line naming the definition, followed by an
298      overview (any number of lines)
299
300    * argument sections: a description of each argument (for commands
301      and events) or member (for structs, unions and alternates)
302
303    * features sections: a description of each feature flag
304
305    * additional (non-argument) sections, possibly tagged
306
307    Free-form documentation blocks consist only of a body section.
308    """
309
310    class Section:
311        def __init__(self, name=None):
312            # optional section name (argument/member or section name)
313            self.name = name
314            # the list of lines for this section
315            self.text = ''
316
317        def append(self, line):
318            self.text += line.rstrip() + '\n'
319
320    class ArgSection(Section):
321        def __init__(self, name):
322            super().__init__(name)
323            self.member = None
324
325        def connect(self, member):
326            self.member = member
327
328    def __init__(self, parser, info):
329        # self._parser is used to report errors with QAPIParseError.  The
330        # resulting error position depends on the state of the parser.
331        # It happens to be the beginning of the comment.  More or less
332        # servicable, but action at a distance.
333        self._parser = parser
334        self.info = info
335        self.symbol = None
336        self.body = QAPIDoc.Section()
337        # dict mapping parameter name to ArgSection
338        self.args = OrderedDict()
339        self.features = OrderedDict()
340        # a list of Section
341        self.sections = []
342        # the current section
343        self._section = self.body
344        self._append_line = self._append_body_line
345
346    def has_section(self, name):
347        """Return True if we have a section with this name."""
348        for i in self.sections:
349            if i.name == name:
350                return True
351        return False
352
353    def append(self, line):
354        """
355        Parse a comment line and add it to the documentation.
356
357        The way that the line is dealt with depends on which part of
358        the documentation we're parsing right now:
359        * The body section: ._append_line is ._append_body_line
360        * An argument section: ._append_line is ._append_args_line
361        * A features section: ._append_line is ._append_features_line
362        * An additional section: ._append_line is ._append_various_line
363        """
364        line = line[1:]
365        if not line:
366            self._append_freeform(line)
367            return
368
369        if line[0] != ' ':
370            raise QAPIParseError(self._parser, "missing space after #")
371        line = line[1:]
372        self._append_line(line)
373
374    def end_comment(self):
375        self._end_section()
376
377    @staticmethod
378    def _is_section_tag(name):
379        return name in ('Returns:', 'Since:',
380                        # those are often singular or plural
381                        'Note:', 'Notes:',
382                        'Example:', 'Examples:',
383                        'TODO:')
384
385    def _append_body_line(self, line):
386        """
387        Process a line of documentation text in the body section.
388
389        If this a symbol line and it is the section's first line, this
390        is a definition documentation block for that symbol.
391
392        If it's a definition documentation block, another symbol line
393        begins the argument section for the argument named by it, and
394        a section tag begins an additional section.  Start that
395        section and append the line to it.
396
397        Else, append the line to the current section.
398        """
399        name = line.split(' ', 1)[0]
400        # FIXME not nice: things like '#  @foo:' and '# @foo: ' aren't
401        # recognized, and get silently treated as ordinary text
402        if not self.symbol and not self.body.text and line.startswith('@'):
403            if not line.endswith(':'):
404                raise QAPIParseError(self._parser, "line should end with ':'")
405            self.symbol = line[1:-1]
406            # FIXME invalid names other than the empty string aren't flagged
407            if not self.symbol:
408                raise QAPIParseError(self._parser, "invalid name")
409        elif self.symbol:
410            # This is a definition documentation block
411            if name.startswith('@') and name.endswith(':'):
412                self._append_line = self._append_args_line
413                self._append_args_line(line)
414            elif line == 'Features:':
415                self._append_line = self._append_features_line
416            elif self._is_section_tag(name):
417                self._append_line = self._append_various_line
418                self._append_various_line(line)
419            else:
420                self._append_freeform(line.strip())
421        else:
422            # This is a free-form documentation block
423            self._append_freeform(line.strip())
424
425    def _append_args_line(self, line):
426        """
427        Process a line of documentation text in an argument section.
428
429        A symbol line begins the next argument section, a section tag
430        section or a non-indented line after a blank line begins an
431        additional section.  Start that section and append the line to
432        it.
433
434        Else, append the line to the current section.
435
436        """
437        name = line.split(' ', 1)[0]
438
439        if name.startswith('@') and name.endswith(':'):
440            line = line[len(name)+1:]
441            self._start_args_section(name[1:-1])
442        elif self._is_section_tag(name):
443            self._append_line = self._append_various_line
444            self._append_various_line(line)
445            return
446        elif (self._section.text.endswith('\n\n')
447              and line and not line[0].isspace()):
448            if line == 'Features:':
449                self._append_line = self._append_features_line
450            else:
451                self._start_section()
452                self._append_line = self._append_various_line
453                self._append_various_line(line)
454            return
455
456        self._append_freeform(line.strip())
457
458    def _append_features_line(self, line):
459        name = line.split(' ', 1)[0]
460
461        if name.startswith('@') and name.endswith(':'):
462            line = line[len(name)+1:]
463            self._start_features_section(name[1:-1])
464        elif self._is_section_tag(name):
465            self._append_line = self._append_various_line
466            self._append_various_line(line)
467            return
468        elif (self._section.text.endswith('\n\n')
469              and line and not line[0].isspace()):
470            self._start_section()
471            self._append_line = self._append_various_line
472            self._append_various_line(line)
473            return
474
475        self._append_freeform(line.strip())
476
477    def _append_various_line(self, line):
478        """
479        Process a line of documentation text in an additional section.
480
481        A symbol line is an error.
482
483        A section tag begins an additional section.  Start that
484        section and append the line to it.
485
486        Else, append the line to the current section.
487        """
488        name = line.split(' ', 1)[0]
489
490        if name.startswith('@') and name.endswith(':'):
491            raise QAPIParseError(self._parser,
492                                 "'%s' can't follow '%s' section"
493                                 % (name, self.sections[0].name))
494        if self._is_section_tag(name):
495            line = line[len(name)+1:]
496            self._start_section(name[:-1])
497
498        if (not self._section.name or
499                not self._section.name.startswith('Example')):
500            line = line.strip()
501
502        self._append_freeform(line)
503
504    def _start_symbol_section(self, symbols_dict, name):
505        # FIXME invalid names other than the empty string aren't flagged
506        if not name:
507            raise QAPIParseError(self._parser, "invalid parameter name")
508        if name in symbols_dict:
509            raise QAPIParseError(self._parser,
510                                 "'%s' parameter name duplicated" % name)
511        assert not self.sections
512        self._end_section()
513        self._section = QAPIDoc.ArgSection(name)
514        symbols_dict[name] = self._section
515
516    def _start_args_section(self, name):
517        self._start_symbol_section(self.args, name)
518
519    def _start_features_section(self, name):
520        self._start_symbol_section(self.features, name)
521
522    def _start_section(self, name=None):
523        if name in ('Returns', 'Since') and self.has_section(name):
524            raise QAPIParseError(self._parser,
525                                 "duplicated '%s' section" % name)
526        self._end_section()
527        self._section = QAPIDoc.Section(name)
528        self.sections.append(self._section)
529
530    def _end_section(self):
531        if self._section:
532            text = self._section.text = self._section.text.strip()
533            if self._section.name and (not text or text.isspace()):
534                raise QAPIParseError(
535                    self._parser,
536                    "empty doc section '%s'" % self._section.name)
537            self._section = None
538
539    def _append_freeform(self, line):
540        match = re.match(r'(@\S+:)', line)
541        if match:
542            raise QAPIParseError(self._parser,
543                                 "'%s' not allowed in free-form documentation"
544                                 % match.group(1))
545        self._section.append(line)
546
547    def connect_member(self, member):
548        if member.name not in self.args:
549            # Undocumented TODO outlaw
550            self.args[member.name] = QAPIDoc.ArgSection(member.name)
551        self.args[member.name].connect(member)
552
553    def connect_feature(self, feature):
554        if feature.name not in self.features:
555            raise QAPISemError(feature.info,
556                               "feature '%s' lacks documentation"
557                               % feature.name)
558        self.features[feature.name].connect(feature)
559
560    def check_expr(self, expr):
561        if self.has_section('Returns') and 'command' not in expr:
562            raise QAPISemError(self.info,
563                               "'Returns:' is only valid for commands")
564
565    def check(self):
566
567        def check_args_section(args, info, what):
568            bogus = [name for name, section in args.items()
569                     if not section.member]
570            if bogus:
571                raise QAPISemError(
572                    self.info,
573                    "documented member%s '%s' %s not exist"
574                    % ("s" if len(bogus) > 1 else "",
575                       "', '".join(bogus),
576                       "do" if len(bogus) > 1 else "does"))
577
578        check_args_section(self.args, self.info, 'members')
579        check_args_section(self.features, self.info, 'features')
580