1#!/usr/bin/env python3 2# 3# Copyright (c) 2017 Red Hat Inc 4# 5# Author: 6# Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com> 7# 8# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 9# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 10# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 11# (at your option) any later version. 12# 13# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 14# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 15# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 16# GNU General Public License for more details. 17# 18# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along 19# with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 20# 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 21 22""" 23Run QEMU with all combinations of -machine and -device types, 24check for crashes and unexpected errors. 25""" 26 27import os 28import sys 29import glob 30import logging 31import traceback 32import re 33import random 34import argparse 35from itertools import chain 36 37sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', 'python')) 38from qemu.machine import QEMUMachine 39 40logger = logging.getLogger('device-crash-test') 41dbg = logger.debug 42 43 44# Purposes of the following whitelist: 45# * Avoiding verbose log messages when we find known non-fatal 46# (exitcode=1) errors 47# * Avoiding fatal errors when we find known crashes 48# * Skipping machines/devices that are known not to work out of 49# the box, when running in --quick mode 50# 51# Keeping the whitelist updated is desirable, but not required, 52# because unexpected cases where QEMU exits with exitcode=1 will 53# just trigger a INFO message. 54 55# Valid whitelist entry keys: 56# * accel: regexp, full match only 57# * machine: regexp, full match only 58# * device: regexp, full match only 59# * log: regexp, partial match allowed 60# * exitcode: if not present, defaults to 1. If None, matches any exitcode 61# * warn: if True, matching failures will be logged as warnings 62# * expected: if True, QEMU is expected to always fail every time 63# when testing the corresponding test case 64# * loglevel: log level of log output when there's a match. 65ERROR_WHITELIST = [ 66 # Machines that won't work out of the box: 67 # MACHINE | ERROR MESSAGE 68 {'machine':'niagara', 'expected':True}, # Unable to load a firmware for -M niagara 69 {'machine':'boston', 'expected':True}, # Please provide either a -kernel or -bios argument 70 {'machine':'leon3_generic', 'expected':True}, # Can't read bios image (null) 71 72 # devices that don't work out of the box because they require extra options to "-device DEV": 73 # DEVICE | ERROR MESSAGE 74 {'device':'.*-(i386|x86_64)-cpu', 'expected':True}, # CPU socket-id is not set 75 {'device':'icp', 'expected':True}, # icp_realize: required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found 76 {'device':'ics', 'expected':True}, # ics_base_realize: required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found 77 # "-device ide-cd" does work on more recent QEMU versions, so it doesn't have expected=True 78 {'device':'ide-cd'}, # No drive specified 79 {'device':'ide-drive', 'expected':True}, # No drive specified 80 {'device':'ide-hd', 'expected':True}, # No drive specified 81 {'device':'ipmi-bmc-extern', 'expected':True}, # IPMI external bmc requires chardev attribute 82 {'device':'isa-debugcon', 'expected':True}, # Can't create serial device, empty char device 83 {'device':'isa-ipmi-bt', 'expected':True}, # IPMI device requires a bmc attribute to be set 84 {'device':'isa-ipmi-kcs', 'expected':True}, # IPMI device requires a bmc attribute to be set 85 {'device':'isa-parallel', 'expected':True}, # Can't create serial device, empty char device 86 {'device':'ivshmem-doorbell', 'expected':True}, # You must specify a 'chardev' 87 {'device':'ivshmem-plain', 'expected':True}, # You must specify a 'memdev' 88 {'device':'loader', 'expected':True}, # please include valid arguments 89 {'device':'nand', 'expected':True}, # Unsupported NAND block size 0x1 90 {'device':'nvdimm', 'expected':True}, # 'memdev' property is not set 91 {'device':'nvme', 'expected':True}, # Device initialization failed 92 {'device':'pc-dimm', 'expected':True}, # 'memdev' property is not set 93 {'device':'pci-bridge', 'expected':True}, # Bridge chassis not specified. Each bridge is required to be assigned a unique chassis id > 0. 94 {'device':'pci-bridge-seat', 'expected':True}, # Bridge chassis not specified. Each bridge is required to be assigned a unique chassis id > 0. 95 {'device':'pxb', 'expected':True}, # Bridge chassis not specified. Each bridge is required to be assigned a unique chassis id > 0. 96 {'device':'scsi-block', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set 97 {'device':'scsi-disk', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set 98 {'device':'scsi-generic', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set 99 {'device':'scsi-hd', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set 100 {'device':'spapr-pci-host-bridge', 'expected':True}, # BUID not specified for PHB 101 {'device':'spapr-rng', 'expected':True}, # spapr-rng needs an RNG backend! 102 {'device':'spapr-vty', 'expected':True}, # chardev property not set 103 {'device':'tpm-tis', 'expected':True}, # tpm_tis: backend driver with id (null) could not be found 104 {'device':'unimplemented-device', 'expected':True}, # property 'size' not specified or zero 105 {'device':'usb-braille', 'expected':True}, # Property chardev is required 106 {'device':'usb-mtp', 'expected':True}, # rootdir property must be configured 107 {'device':'usb-redir', 'expected':True}, # Parameter 'chardev' is missing 108 {'device':'usb-serial', 'expected':True}, # Property chardev is required 109 {'device':'usb-storage', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set 110 {'device':'vfio-amd-xgbe', 'expected':True}, # -device vfio-amd-xgbe: vfio error: wrong host device name 111 {'device':'vfio-calxeda-xgmac', 'expected':True}, # -device vfio-calxeda-xgmac: vfio error: wrong host device name 112 {'device':'vfio-pci', 'expected':True}, # No provided host device 113 {'device':'vfio-pci-igd-lpc-bridge', 'expected':True}, # VFIO dummy ISA/LPC bridge must have address 1f.0 114 {'device':'vhost-scsi.*', 'expected':True}, # vhost-scsi: missing wwpn 115 {'device':'vhost-vsock-device', 'expected':True}, # guest-cid property must be greater than 2 116 {'device':'vhost-vsock-pci', 'expected':True}, # guest-cid property must be greater than 2 117 {'device':'virtio-9p-ccw', 'expected':True}, # 9pfs device couldn't find fsdev with the id = NULL 118 {'device':'virtio-9p-device', 'expected':True}, # 9pfs device couldn't find fsdev with the id = NULL 119 {'device':'virtio-9p-pci', 'expected':True}, # 9pfs device couldn't find fsdev with the id = NULL 120 {'device':'virtio-blk-ccw', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set 121 {'device':'virtio-blk-device', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set 122 {'device':'virtio-blk-device', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set 123 {'device':'virtio-blk-pci', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set 124 {'device':'virtio-crypto-ccw', 'expected':True}, # 'cryptodev' parameter expects a valid object 125 {'device':'virtio-crypto-device', 'expected':True}, # 'cryptodev' parameter expects a valid object 126 {'device':'virtio-crypto-pci', 'expected':True}, # 'cryptodev' parameter expects a valid object 127 {'device':'virtio-input-host-device', 'expected':True}, # evdev property is required 128 {'device':'virtio-input-host-pci', 'expected':True}, # evdev property is required 129 {'device':'xen-pvdevice', 'expected':True}, # Device ID invalid, it must always be supplied 130 {'device':'vhost-vsock-ccw', 'expected':True}, # guest-cid property must be greater than 2 131 {'device':'zpci', 'expected':True}, # target must be defined 132 {'device':'pnv-(occ|icp|lpc)', 'expected':True}, # required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found 133 {'device':'powernv-cpu-.*', 'expected':True}, # pnv_core_realize: required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found 134 135 # ioapic devices are already created by pc and will fail: 136 {'machine':'q35|pc.*', 'device':'kvm-ioapic', 'expected':True}, # Only 1 ioapics allowed 137 {'machine':'q35|pc.*', 'device':'ioapic', 'expected':True}, # Only 1 ioapics allowed 138 139 # "spapr-cpu-core needs a pseries machine" 140 {'machine':'(?!pseries).*', 'device':'.*-spapr-cpu-core', 'expected':True}, 141 142 # KVM-specific devices shouldn't be tried without accel=kvm: 143 {'accel':'(?!kvm).*', 'device':'kvmclock', 'expected':True}, 144 145 # xen-specific machines and devices: 146 {'accel':'(?!xen).*', 'machine':'xen.*', 'expected':True}, 147 {'accel':'(?!xen).*', 'device':'xen-.*', 'expected':True}, 148 149 # this fails on some machine-types, but not all, so they don't have expected=True: 150 {'device':'vmgenid'}, # vmgenid requires DMA write support in fw_cfg, which this machine type does not provide 151 152 # Silence INFO messages for errors that are common on multiple 153 # devices/machines: 154 {'log':r"No '[\w-]+' bus found for device '[\w-]+'"}, 155 {'log':r"images* must be given with the 'pflash' parameter"}, 156 {'log':r"(Guest|ROM|Flash|Kernel) image must be specified"}, 157 {'log':r"[cC]ould not load [\w ]+ (BIOS|bios) '[\w-]+\.bin'"}, 158 {'log':r"Couldn't find rom image '[\w-]+\.bin'"}, 159 {'log':r"speed mismatch trying to attach usb device"}, 160 {'log':r"Can't create a second ISA bus"}, 161 {'log':r"duplicate fw_cfg file name"}, 162 # sysbus-related error messages: most machines reject most dynamic sysbus devices: 163 {'log':r"Option '-device [\w.,-]+' cannot be handled by this machine"}, 164 {'log':r"Device [\w.,-]+ is not supported by this machine yet"}, 165 {'log':r"Device [\w.,-]+ can not be dynamically instantiated"}, 166 {'log':r"Platform Bus: Can not fit MMIO region of size "}, 167 # other more specific errors we will ignore: 168 {'device':'.*-spapr-cpu-core', 'log':r"CPU core type should be"}, 169 {'log':r"MSI(-X)? is not supported by interrupt controller"}, 170 {'log':r"pxb-pcie? devices cannot reside on a PCIe? bus"}, 171 {'log':r"Ignoring smp_cpus value"}, 172 {'log':r"sd_init failed: Drive 'sd0' is already in use because it has been automatically connected to another device"}, 173 {'log':r"This CPU requires a smaller page size than the system is using"}, 174 {'log':r"MSI-X support is mandatory in the S390 architecture"}, 175 {'log':r"rom check and register reset failed"}, 176 {'log':r"Unable to initialize GIC, CPUState for CPU#0 not valid"}, 177 {'log':r"Multiple VT220 operator consoles are not supported"}, 178 {'log':r"core 0 already populated"}, 179 {'log':r"could not find stage1 bootloader"}, 180 181 # other exitcode=1 failures not listed above will just generate INFO messages: 182 {'exitcode':1, 'loglevel':logging.INFO}, 183 184 # everything else (including SIGABRT and SIGSEGV) will be a fatal error: 185 {'exitcode':None, 'fatal':True, 'loglevel':logging.FATAL}, 186] 187 188 189def whitelistTestCaseMatch(wl, t): 190 """Check if a test case specification can match a whitelist entry 191 192 This only checks if a whitelist entry is a candidate match 193 for a given test case, it won't check if the test case 194 results/output match the entry. See whitelistResultMatch(). 195 """ 196 return (('machine' not in wl or 197 'machine' not in t or 198 re.match(wl['machine'] + '$', t['machine'])) and 199 ('accel' not in wl or 200 'accel' not in t or 201 re.match(wl['accel'] + '$', t['accel'])) and 202 ('device' not in wl or 203 'device' not in t or 204 re.match(wl['device'] + '$', t['device']))) 205 206 207def whitelistCandidates(t): 208 """Generate the list of candidates that can match a test case""" 209 for i, wl in enumerate(ERROR_WHITELIST): 210 if whitelistTestCaseMatch(wl, t): 211 yield (i, wl) 212 213 214def findExpectedResult(t): 215 """Check if there's an expected=True whitelist entry for a test case 216 217 Returns (i, wl) tuple, where i is the index in 218 ERROR_WHITELIST and wl is the whitelist entry itself. 219 """ 220 for i, wl in whitelistCandidates(t): 221 if wl.get('expected'): 222 return (i, wl) 223 224 225def whitelistResultMatch(wl, r): 226 """Check if test case results/output match a whitelist entry 227 228 It is valid to call this function only if 229 whitelistTestCaseMatch() is True for the entry (e.g. on 230 entries returned by whitelistCandidates()) 231 """ 232 assert whitelistTestCaseMatch(wl, r['testcase']) 233 return ((wl.get('exitcode', 1) is None or 234 r['exitcode'] == wl.get('exitcode', 1)) and 235 ('log' not in wl or 236 re.search(wl['log'], r['log'], re.MULTILINE))) 237 238 239def checkResultWhitelist(r): 240 """Look up whitelist entry for a given test case result 241 242 Returns (i, wl) tuple, where i is the index in 243 ERROR_WHITELIST and wl is the whitelist entry itself. 244 """ 245 for i, wl in whitelistCandidates(r['testcase']): 246 if whitelistResultMatch(wl, r): 247 return i, wl 248 249 raise Exception("this should never happen") 250 251 252def qemuOptsEscape(s): 253 """Escape option value QemuOpts""" 254 return s.replace(",", ",,") 255 256 257def formatTestCase(t): 258 """Format test case info as "key=value key=value" for prettier logging output""" 259 return ' '.join('%s=%s' % (k, v) for k, v in t.items()) 260 261 262def qomListTypeNames(vm, **kwargs): 263 """Run qom-list-types QMP command, return type names""" 264 types = vm.command('qom-list-types', **kwargs) 265 return [t['name'] for t in types] 266 267 268def infoQDM(vm): 269 """Parse 'info qdm' output""" 270 args = {'command-line': 'info qdm'} 271 devhelp = vm.command('human-monitor-command', **args) 272 for l in devhelp.split('\n'): 273 l = l.strip() 274 if l == '' or l.endswith(':'): 275 continue 276 d = {'name': re.search(r'name "([^"]+)"', l).group(1), 277 'no-user': (re.search(', no-user', l) is not None)} 278 yield d 279 280 281class QemuBinaryInfo(object): 282 def __init__(self, binary, devtype): 283 if devtype is None: 284 devtype = 'device' 285 286 self.binary = binary 287 self._machine_info = {} 288 289 dbg("devtype: %r", devtype) 290 args = ['-S', '-machine', 'none,accel=kvm:tcg'] 291 dbg("querying info for QEMU binary: %s", binary) 292 vm = QEMUMachine(binary=binary, args=args) 293 vm.launch() 294 try: 295 self.alldevs = set(qomListTypeNames(vm, implements=devtype, abstract=False)) 296 # there's no way to query DeviceClass::user_creatable using QMP, 297 # so use 'info qdm': 298 self.no_user_devs = set([d['name'] for d in infoQDM(vm, ) if d['no-user']]) 299 self.machines = list(m['name'] for m in vm.command('query-machines')) 300 self.user_devs = self.alldevs.difference(self.no_user_devs) 301 self.kvm_available = vm.command('query-kvm')['enabled'] 302 finally: 303 vm.shutdown() 304 305 def machineInfo(self, machine): 306 """Query for information on a specific machine-type 307 308 Results are cached internally, in case the same machine- 309 type is queried multiple times. 310 """ 311 if machine in self._machine_info: 312 return self._machine_info[machine] 313 314 mi = {} 315 args = ['-S', '-machine', '%s' % (machine)] 316 dbg("querying machine info for binary=%s machine=%s", self.binary, machine) 317 vm = QEMUMachine(binary=self.binary, args=args) 318 try: 319 vm.launch() 320 mi['runnable'] = True 321 except KeyboardInterrupt: 322 raise 323 except: 324 dbg("exception trying to run binary=%s machine=%s", self.binary, machine, exc_info=sys.exc_info()) 325 dbg("log: %r", vm.get_log()) 326 mi['runnable'] = False 327 328 vm.shutdown() 329 self._machine_info[machine] = mi 330 return mi 331 332 333BINARY_INFO = {} 334 335 336def getBinaryInfo(args, binary): 337 if binary not in BINARY_INFO: 338 BINARY_INFO[binary] = QemuBinaryInfo(binary, args.devtype) 339 return BINARY_INFO[binary] 340 341 342def checkOneCase(args, testcase): 343 """Check one specific case 344 345 Returns a dictionary containing failure information on error, 346 or None on success 347 """ 348 binary = testcase['binary'] 349 accel = testcase['accel'] 350 machine = testcase['machine'] 351 device = testcase['device'] 352 353 dbg("will test: %r", testcase) 354 355 args = ['-S', '-machine', '%s,accel=%s' % (machine, accel), 356 '-device', qemuOptsEscape(device)] 357 cmdline = ' '.join([binary] + args) 358 dbg("will launch QEMU: %s", cmdline) 359 vm = QEMUMachine(binary=binary, args=args) 360 361 exc_traceback = None 362 try: 363 vm.launch() 364 except KeyboardInterrupt: 365 raise 366 except: 367 exc_traceback = traceback.format_exc() 368 dbg("Exception while running test case") 369 finally: 370 vm.shutdown() 371 ec = vm.exitcode() 372 log = vm.get_log() 373 374 if exc_traceback is not None or ec != 0: 375 return {'exc_traceback':exc_traceback, 376 'exitcode':ec, 377 'log':log, 378 'testcase':testcase, 379 'cmdline':cmdline} 380 381 382def binariesToTest(args, testcase): 383 if args.qemu: 384 r = args.qemu 385 else: 386 r = [f.path for f in os.scandir('.') 387 if f.name.startswith('qemu-system-') and 388 f.is_file() and os.access(f, os.X_OK)] 389 return r 390 391 392def accelsToTest(args, testcase): 393 if getBinaryInfo(args, testcase['binary']).kvm_available: 394 yield 'kvm' 395 yield 'tcg' 396 397 398def machinesToTest(args, testcase): 399 return getBinaryInfo(args, testcase['binary']).machines 400 401 402def devicesToTest(args, testcase): 403 return getBinaryInfo(args, testcase['binary']).user_devs 404 405 406TESTCASE_VARIABLES = [ 407 ('binary', binariesToTest), 408 ('accel', accelsToTest), 409 ('machine', machinesToTest), 410 ('device', devicesToTest), 411] 412 413 414def genCases1(args, testcases, var, fn): 415 """Generate new testcases for one variable 416 417 If an existing item already has a variable set, don't 418 generate new items and just return it directly. This 419 allows the "-t" command-line option to be used to choose 420 a specific test case. 421 """ 422 for testcase in testcases: 423 if var in testcase: 424 yield testcase.copy() 425 else: 426 for i in fn(args, testcase): 427 t = testcase.copy() 428 t[var] = i 429 yield t 430 431 432def genCases(args, testcase): 433 """Generate test cases for all variables 434 """ 435 cases = [testcase.copy()] 436 for var, fn in TESTCASE_VARIABLES: 437 dbg("var: %r, fn: %r", var, fn) 438 cases = genCases1(args, cases, var, fn) 439 return cases 440 441 442def casesToTest(args, testcase): 443 cases = genCases(args, testcase) 444 if args.random: 445 cases = list(cases) 446 cases = random.sample(cases, min(args.random, len(cases))) 447 if args.debug: 448 cases = list(cases) 449 dbg("%d test cases to test", len(cases)) 450 if args.shuffle: 451 cases = list(cases) 452 random.shuffle(cases) 453 return cases 454 455 456def logFailure(f, level): 457 t = f['testcase'] 458 logger.log(level, "failed: %s", formatTestCase(t)) 459 logger.log(level, "cmdline: %s", f['cmdline']) 460 for l in f['log'].strip().split('\n'): 461 logger.log(level, "log: %s", l) 462 logger.log(level, "exit code: %r", f['exitcode']) 463 if f['exc_traceback']: 464 logger.log(level, "exception:") 465 for l in f['exc_traceback'].split('\n'): 466 logger.log(level, " %s", l.rstrip('\n')) 467 468 469def main(): 470 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="QEMU -device crash test") 471 parser.add_argument('-t', metavar='KEY=VALUE', nargs='*', 472 help="Limit test cases to KEY=VALUE", 473 action='append', dest='testcases', default=[]) 474 parser.add_argument('-d', '--debug', action='store_true', 475 help='debug output') 476 parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true', default=True, 477 help='verbose output') 478 parser.add_argument('-q', '--quiet', dest='verbose', action='store_false', 479 help='non-verbose output') 480 parser.add_argument('-r', '--random', type=int, metavar='COUNT', 481 help='run a random sample of COUNT test cases', 482 default=0) 483 parser.add_argument('--shuffle', action='store_true', 484 help='Run test cases in random order') 485 parser.add_argument('--dry-run', action='store_true', 486 help="Don't run any tests, just generate list") 487 parser.add_argument('-D', '--devtype', metavar='TYPE', 488 help="Test only device types that implement TYPE") 489 parser.add_argument('-Q', '--quick', action='store_true', default=True, 490 help="Quick mode: skip test cases that are expected to fail") 491 parser.add_argument('-F', '--full', action='store_false', dest='quick', 492 help="Full mode: test cases that are expected to fail") 493 parser.add_argument('--strict', action='store_true', dest='strict', 494 help="Treat all warnings as fatal") 495 parser.add_argument('qemu', nargs='*', metavar='QEMU', 496 help='QEMU binary to run') 497 args = parser.parse_args() 498 499 if args.debug: 500 lvl = logging.DEBUG 501 elif args.verbose: 502 lvl = logging.INFO 503 else: 504 lvl = logging.WARN 505 logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=lvl, format='%(levelname)s: %(message)s') 506 507 fatal_failures = [] 508 wl_stats = {} 509 skipped = 0 510 total = 0 511 512 tc = {} 513 dbg("testcases: %r", args.testcases) 514 if args.testcases: 515 for t in chain(*args.testcases): 516 for kv in t.split(): 517 k, v = kv.split('=', 1) 518 tc[k] = v 519 520 if len(binariesToTest(args, tc)) == 0: 521 print("No QEMU binary found", file=sys.stderr) 522 parser.print_usage(sys.stderr) 523 return 1 524 525 for t in casesToTest(args, tc): 526 logger.info("running test case: %s", formatTestCase(t)) 527 total += 1 528 529 expected_match = findExpectedResult(t) 530 if (args.quick and 531 (expected_match or 532 not getBinaryInfo(args, t['binary']).machineInfo(t['machine'])['runnable'])): 533 dbg("skipped: %s", formatTestCase(t)) 534 skipped += 1 535 continue 536 537 if args.dry_run: 538 continue 539 540 try: 541 f = checkOneCase(args, t) 542 except KeyboardInterrupt: 543 break 544 545 if f: 546 i, wl = checkResultWhitelist(f) 547 dbg("testcase: %r, whitelist match: %r", t, wl) 548 wl_stats.setdefault(i, []).append(f) 549 level = wl.get('loglevel', logging.DEBUG) 550 logFailure(f, level) 551 if wl.get('fatal') or (args.strict and level >= logging.WARN): 552 fatal_failures.append(f) 553 else: 554 dbg("success: %s", formatTestCase(t)) 555 if expected_match: 556 logger.warn("Didn't fail as expected: %s", formatTestCase(t)) 557 558 logger.info("Total: %d test cases", total) 559 if skipped: 560 logger.info("Skipped %d test cases", skipped) 561 562 if args.debug: 563 stats = sorted([(len(wl_stats.get(i, [])), wl) for i, wl in 564 enumerate(ERROR_WHITELIST)], key=lambda x: x[0]) 565 for count, wl in stats: 566 dbg("whitelist entry stats: %d: %r", count, wl) 567 568 if fatal_failures: 569 for f in fatal_failures: 570 t = f['testcase'] 571 logger.error("Fatal failure: %s", formatTestCase(t)) 572 logger.error("Fatal failures on some machine/device combinations") 573 return 1 574 575if __name__ == '__main__': 576 sys.exit(main()) 577