1 /* 2 * JSON Parser 3 * 4 * Copyright IBM, Corp. 2009 5 * 6 * Authors: 7 * Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com> 8 * 9 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU LGPL, version 2.1 or later. 10 * See the COPYING.LIB file in the top-level directory. 11 * 12 */ 13 14 #include "qemu/osdep.h" 15 #include "qemu/cutils.h" 16 #include "qapi/error.h" 17 #include "qemu-common.h" 18 #include "qapi/qmp/qbool.h" 19 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h" 20 #include "qapi/qmp/qlist.h" 21 #include "qapi/qmp/qnull.h" 22 #include "qapi/qmp/qnum.h" 23 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h" 24 #include "qapi/qmp/json-parser.h" 25 #include "qapi/qmp/json-lexer.h" 26 #include "qapi/qmp/json-streamer.h" 27 28 typedef struct JSONParserContext 29 { 30 Error *err; 31 JSONToken *current; 32 GQueue *buf; 33 } JSONParserContext; 34 35 #define BUG_ON(cond) assert(!(cond)) 36 37 /** 38 * TODO 39 * 40 * 0) make errors meaningful again 41 * 1) add geometry information to tokens 42 * 3) should we return a parsed size? 43 * 4) deal with premature EOI 44 */ 45 46 static QObject *parse_value(JSONParserContext *ctxt, va_list *ap); 47 48 /** 49 * Error handler 50 */ 51 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(3, 4) parse_error(JSONParserContext *ctxt, 52 JSONToken *token, const char *msg, ...) 53 { 54 va_list ap; 55 char message[1024]; 56 va_start(ap, msg); 57 vsnprintf(message, sizeof(message), msg, ap); 58 va_end(ap); 59 if (ctxt->err) { 60 error_free(ctxt->err); 61 ctxt->err = NULL; 62 } 63 error_setg(&ctxt->err, "JSON parse error, %s", message); 64 } 65 66 /** 67 * String helpers 68 * 69 * These helpers are used to unescape strings. 70 */ 71 static void wchar_to_utf8(uint16_t wchar, char *buffer, size_t buffer_length) 72 { 73 if (wchar <= 0x007F) { 74 BUG_ON(buffer_length < 2); 75 76 buffer[0] = wchar & 0x7F; 77 buffer[1] = 0; 78 } else if (wchar <= 0x07FF) { 79 BUG_ON(buffer_length < 3); 80 81 buffer[0] = 0xC0 | ((wchar >> 6) & 0x1F); 82 buffer[1] = 0x80 | (wchar & 0x3F); 83 buffer[2] = 0; 84 } else { 85 BUG_ON(buffer_length < 4); 86 87 buffer[0] = 0xE0 | ((wchar >> 12) & 0x0F); 88 buffer[1] = 0x80 | ((wchar >> 6) & 0x3F); 89 buffer[2] = 0x80 | (wchar & 0x3F); 90 buffer[3] = 0; 91 } 92 } 93 94 static int hex2decimal(char ch) 95 { 96 if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') { 97 return (ch - '0'); 98 } else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f') { 99 return 10 + (ch - 'a'); 100 } else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F') { 101 return 10 + (ch - 'A'); 102 } 103 104 return -1; 105 } 106 107 /** 108 * parse_string(): Parse a json string and return a QObject 109 * 110 * string 111 * "" 112 * " chars " 113 * chars 114 * char 115 * char chars 116 * char 117 * any-Unicode-character- 118 * except-"-or-\-or- 119 * control-character 120 * \" 121 * \\ 122 * \/ 123 * \b 124 * \f 125 * \n 126 * \r 127 * \t 128 * \u four-hex-digits 129 */ 130 static QString *qstring_from_escaped_str(JSONParserContext *ctxt, 131 JSONToken *token) 132 { 133 const char *ptr = token->str; 134 QString *str; 135 int double_quote = 1; 136 137 if (*ptr == '"') { 138 double_quote = 1; 139 } else { 140 double_quote = 0; 141 } 142 ptr++; 143 144 str = qstring_new(); 145 while (*ptr && 146 ((double_quote && *ptr != '"') || (!double_quote && *ptr != '\''))) { 147 if (*ptr == '\\') { 148 ptr++; 149 150 switch (*ptr) { 151 case '"': 152 qstring_append(str, "\""); 153 ptr++; 154 break; 155 case '\'': 156 qstring_append(str, "'"); 157 ptr++; 158 break; 159 case '\\': 160 qstring_append(str, "\\"); 161 ptr++; 162 break; 163 case '/': 164 qstring_append(str, "/"); 165 ptr++; 166 break; 167 case 'b': 168 qstring_append(str, "\b"); 169 ptr++; 170 break; 171 case 'f': 172 qstring_append(str, "\f"); 173 ptr++; 174 break; 175 case 'n': 176 qstring_append(str, "\n"); 177 ptr++; 178 break; 179 case 'r': 180 qstring_append(str, "\r"); 181 ptr++; 182 break; 183 case 't': 184 qstring_append(str, "\t"); 185 ptr++; 186 break; 187 case 'u': { 188 uint16_t unicode_char = 0; 189 char utf8_char[4]; 190 int i = 0; 191 192 ptr++; 193 194 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { 195 if (qemu_isxdigit(*ptr)) { 196 unicode_char |= hex2decimal(*ptr) << ((3 - i) * 4); 197 } else { 198 parse_error(ctxt, token, 199 "invalid hex escape sequence in string"); 200 goto out; 201 } 202 ptr++; 203 } 204 205 wchar_to_utf8(unicode_char, utf8_char, sizeof(utf8_char)); 206 qstring_append(str, utf8_char); 207 } break; 208 default: 209 parse_error(ctxt, token, "invalid escape sequence in string"); 210 goto out; 211 } 212 } else { 213 char dummy[2]; 214 215 dummy[0] = *ptr++; 216 dummy[1] = 0; 217 218 qstring_append(str, dummy); 219 } 220 } 221 222 return str; 223 224 out: 225 qobject_unref(str); 226 return NULL; 227 } 228 229 /* Note: the token object returned by parser_context_peek_token or 230 * parser_context_pop_token is deleted as soon as parser_context_pop_token 231 * is called again. 232 */ 233 static JSONToken *parser_context_pop_token(JSONParserContext *ctxt) 234 { 235 g_free(ctxt->current); 236 assert(!g_queue_is_empty(ctxt->buf)); 237 ctxt->current = g_queue_pop_head(ctxt->buf); 238 return ctxt->current; 239 } 240 241 static JSONToken *parser_context_peek_token(JSONParserContext *ctxt) 242 { 243 assert(!g_queue_is_empty(ctxt->buf)); 244 return g_queue_peek_head(ctxt->buf); 245 } 246 247 static JSONParserContext *parser_context_new(GQueue *tokens) 248 { 249 JSONParserContext *ctxt; 250 251 if (!tokens) { 252 return NULL; 253 } 254 255 ctxt = g_malloc0(sizeof(JSONParserContext)); 256 ctxt->buf = tokens; 257 258 return ctxt; 259 } 260 261 /* to support error propagation, ctxt->err must be freed separately */ 262 static void parser_context_free(JSONParserContext *ctxt) 263 { 264 if (ctxt) { 265 while (!g_queue_is_empty(ctxt->buf)) { 266 parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 267 } 268 g_free(ctxt->current); 269 g_queue_free(ctxt->buf); 270 g_free(ctxt); 271 } 272 } 273 274 /** 275 * Parsing rules 276 */ 277 static int parse_pair(JSONParserContext *ctxt, QDict *dict, va_list *ap) 278 { 279 QObject *value; 280 QString *key = NULL; 281 JSONToken *peek, *token; 282 283 peek = parser_context_peek_token(ctxt); 284 if (peek == NULL) { 285 parse_error(ctxt, NULL, "premature EOI"); 286 goto out; 287 } 288 289 key = qobject_to(QString, parse_value(ctxt, ap)); 290 if (!key) { 291 parse_error(ctxt, peek, "key is not a string in object"); 292 goto out; 293 } 294 295 token = parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 296 if (token == NULL) { 297 parse_error(ctxt, NULL, "premature EOI"); 298 goto out; 299 } 300 301 if (token->type != JSON_COLON) { 302 parse_error(ctxt, token, "missing : in object pair"); 303 goto out; 304 } 305 306 value = parse_value(ctxt, ap); 307 if (value == NULL) { 308 parse_error(ctxt, token, "Missing value in dict"); 309 goto out; 310 } 311 312 qdict_put_obj(dict, qstring_get_str(key), value); 313 314 qobject_unref(key); 315 316 return 0; 317 318 out: 319 qobject_unref(key); 320 321 return -1; 322 } 323 324 static QObject *parse_object(JSONParserContext *ctxt, va_list *ap) 325 { 326 QDict *dict = NULL; 327 JSONToken *token, *peek; 328 329 token = parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 330 assert(token && token->type == JSON_LCURLY); 331 332 dict = qdict_new(); 333 334 peek = parser_context_peek_token(ctxt); 335 if (peek == NULL) { 336 parse_error(ctxt, NULL, "premature EOI"); 337 goto out; 338 } 339 340 if (peek->type != JSON_RCURLY) { 341 if (parse_pair(ctxt, dict, ap) == -1) { 342 goto out; 343 } 344 345 token = parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 346 if (token == NULL) { 347 parse_error(ctxt, NULL, "premature EOI"); 348 goto out; 349 } 350 351 while (token->type != JSON_RCURLY) { 352 if (token->type != JSON_COMMA) { 353 parse_error(ctxt, token, "expected separator in dict"); 354 goto out; 355 } 356 357 if (parse_pair(ctxt, dict, ap) == -1) { 358 goto out; 359 } 360 361 token = parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 362 if (token == NULL) { 363 parse_error(ctxt, NULL, "premature EOI"); 364 goto out; 365 } 366 } 367 } else { 368 (void)parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 369 } 370 371 return QOBJECT(dict); 372 373 out: 374 qobject_unref(dict); 375 return NULL; 376 } 377 378 static QObject *parse_array(JSONParserContext *ctxt, va_list *ap) 379 { 380 QList *list = NULL; 381 JSONToken *token, *peek; 382 383 token = parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 384 assert(token && token->type == JSON_LSQUARE); 385 386 list = qlist_new(); 387 388 peek = parser_context_peek_token(ctxt); 389 if (peek == NULL) { 390 parse_error(ctxt, NULL, "premature EOI"); 391 goto out; 392 } 393 394 if (peek->type != JSON_RSQUARE) { 395 QObject *obj; 396 397 obj = parse_value(ctxt, ap); 398 if (obj == NULL) { 399 parse_error(ctxt, token, "expecting value"); 400 goto out; 401 } 402 403 qlist_append_obj(list, obj); 404 405 token = parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 406 if (token == NULL) { 407 parse_error(ctxt, NULL, "premature EOI"); 408 goto out; 409 } 410 411 while (token->type != JSON_RSQUARE) { 412 if (token->type != JSON_COMMA) { 413 parse_error(ctxt, token, "expected separator in list"); 414 goto out; 415 } 416 417 obj = parse_value(ctxt, ap); 418 if (obj == NULL) { 419 parse_error(ctxt, token, "expecting value"); 420 goto out; 421 } 422 423 qlist_append_obj(list, obj); 424 425 token = parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 426 if (token == NULL) { 427 parse_error(ctxt, NULL, "premature EOI"); 428 goto out; 429 } 430 } 431 } else { 432 (void)parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 433 } 434 435 return QOBJECT(list); 436 437 out: 438 qobject_unref(list); 439 return NULL; 440 } 441 442 static QObject *parse_keyword(JSONParserContext *ctxt) 443 { 444 JSONToken *token; 445 446 token = parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 447 assert(token && token->type == JSON_KEYWORD); 448 449 if (!strcmp(token->str, "true")) { 450 return QOBJECT(qbool_from_bool(true)); 451 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "false")) { 452 return QOBJECT(qbool_from_bool(false)); 453 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "null")) { 454 return QOBJECT(qnull()); 455 } 456 parse_error(ctxt, token, "invalid keyword '%s'", token->str); 457 return NULL; 458 } 459 460 static QObject *parse_escape(JSONParserContext *ctxt, va_list *ap) 461 { 462 JSONToken *token; 463 464 if (ap == NULL) { 465 return NULL; 466 } 467 468 token = parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 469 assert(token && token->type == JSON_ESCAPE); 470 471 if (!strcmp(token->str, "%p")) { 472 return va_arg(*ap, QObject *); 473 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "%i")) { 474 return QOBJECT(qbool_from_bool(va_arg(*ap, int))); 475 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "%d")) { 476 return QOBJECT(qnum_from_int(va_arg(*ap, int))); 477 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "%ld")) { 478 return QOBJECT(qnum_from_int(va_arg(*ap, long))); 479 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "%lld") || 480 !strcmp(token->str, "%I64d")) { 481 return QOBJECT(qnum_from_int(va_arg(*ap, long long))); 482 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "%u")) { 483 return QOBJECT(qnum_from_uint(va_arg(*ap, unsigned int))); 484 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "%lu")) { 485 return QOBJECT(qnum_from_uint(va_arg(*ap, unsigned long))); 486 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "%llu") || 487 !strcmp(token->str, "%I64u")) { 488 return QOBJECT(qnum_from_uint(va_arg(*ap, unsigned long long))); 489 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "%s")) { 490 return QOBJECT(qstring_from_str(va_arg(*ap, const char *))); 491 } else if (!strcmp(token->str, "%f")) { 492 return QOBJECT(qnum_from_double(va_arg(*ap, double))); 493 } 494 return NULL; 495 } 496 497 static QObject *parse_literal(JSONParserContext *ctxt) 498 { 499 JSONToken *token; 500 501 token = parser_context_pop_token(ctxt); 502 assert(token); 503 504 switch (token->type) { 505 case JSON_STRING: 506 return QOBJECT(qstring_from_escaped_str(ctxt, token)); 507 case JSON_INTEGER: { 508 /* 509 * Represent JSON_INTEGER as QNUM_I64 if possible, else as 510 * QNUM_U64, else as QNUM_DOUBLE. Note that qemu_strtoi64() 511 * and qemu_strtou64() fail with ERANGE when it's not 512 * possible. 513 * 514 * qnum_get_int() will then work for any signed 64-bit 515 * JSON_INTEGER, qnum_get_uint() for any unsigned 64-bit 516 * integer, and qnum_get_double() both for any JSON_INTEGER 517 * and any JSON_FLOAT (with precision loss for integers beyond 518 * 53 bits) 519 */ 520 int ret; 521 int64_t value; 522 uint64_t uvalue; 523 524 ret = qemu_strtoi64(token->str, NULL, 10, &value); 525 if (!ret) { 526 return QOBJECT(qnum_from_int(value)); 527 } 528 assert(ret == -ERANGE); 529 530 if (token->str[0] != '-') { 531 ret = qemu_strtou64(token->str, NULL, 10, &uvalue); 532 if (!ret) { 533 return QOBJECT(qnum_from_uint(uvalue)); 534 } 535 assert(ret == -ERANGE); 536 } 537 /* fall through to JSON_FLOAT */ 538 } 539 case JSON_FLOAT: 540 /* FIXME dependent on locale; a pervasive issue in QEMU */ 541 /* FIXME our lexer matches RFC 7159 in forbidding Inf or NaN, 542 * but those might be useful extensions beyond JSON */ 543 return QOBJECT(qnum_from_double(strtod(token->str, NULL))); 544 default: 545 abort(); 546 } 547 } 548 549 static QObject *parse_value(JSONParserContext *ctxt, va_list *ap) 550 { 551 JSONToken *token; 552 553 token = parser_context_peek_token(ctxt); 554 if (token == NULL) { 555 parse_error(ctxt, NULL, "premature EOI"); 556 return NULL; 557 } 558 559 switch (token->type) { 560 case JSON_LCURLY: 561 return parse_object(ctxt, ap); 562 case JSON_LSQUARE: 563 return parse_array(ctxt, ap); 564 case JSON_ESCAPE: 565 return parse_escape(ctxt, ap); 566 case JSON_INTEGER: 567 case JSON_FLOAT: 568 case JSON_STRING: 569 return parse_literal(ctxt); 570 case JSON_KEYWORD: 571 return parse_keyword(ctxt); 572 default: 573 parse_error(ctxt, token, "expecting value"); 574 return NULL; 575 } 576 } 577 578 QObject *json_parser_parse(GQueue *tokens, va_list *ap) 579 { 580 return json_parser_parse_err(tokens, ap, NULL); 581 } 582 583 QObject *json_parser_parse_err(GQueue *tokens, va_list *ap, Error **errp) 584 { 585 JSONParserContext *ctxt = parser_context_new(tokens); 586 QObject *result; 587 588 if (!ctxt) { 589 return NULL; 590 } 591 592 result = parse_value(ctxt, ap); 593 594 error_propagate(errp, ctxt->err); 595 596 parser_context_free(ctxt); 597 598 return result; 599 } 600