15824d651Sblueswir1HXCOMM Use DEFHEADING() to define headings in both help text and texi 25824d651Sblueswir1HXCOMM Text between STEXI and ETEXI are copied to texi version and 35824d651Sblueswir1HXCOMM discarded from C version 4ad96090aSBlue SwirlHXCOMM DEF(option, HAS_ARG/0, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask) is used to 5ad96090aSBlue SwirlHXCOMM construct option structures, enums and help message for specified 6ad96090aSBlue SwirlHXCOMM architectures. 75824d651Sblueswir1HXCOMM HXCOMM can be used for comments, discarded from both texi and C 85824d651Sblueswir1 95824d651Sblueswir1DEFHEADING(Standard options:) 105824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 115824d651Sblueswir1@table @option 125824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 135824d651Sblueswir1 145824d651Sblueswir1DEF("help", 0, QEMU_OPTION_h, 15ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-h or -help display this help and exit\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 165824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 175824d651Sblueswir1@item -h 186616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -h 195824d651Sblueswir1Display help and exit 205824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 215824d651Sblueswir1 229bd7e6d9SpbrookDEF("version", 0, QEMU_OPTION_version, 23ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-version display version information and exit\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 249bd7e6d9SpbrookSTEXI 259bd7e6d9Spbrook@item -version 266616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -version 279bd7e6d9SpbrookDisplay version information and exit 289bd7e6d9SpbrookETEXI 299bd7e6d9Spbrook 3080f52a66SJan KiszkaDEF("machine", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_machine, \ 3180f52a66SJan Kiszka "-machine [type=]name[,prop[=value][,...]]\n" 32585f6036SPeter Maydell " selects emulated machine ('-machine help' for list)\n" 3380f52a66SJan Kiszka " property accel=accel1[:accel2[:...]] selects accelerator\n" 346a48ffaaSJan Kiszka " supported accelerators are kvm, xen, tcg (default: tcg)\n" 3539d6960aSJan Kiszka " kernel_irqchip=on|off controls accelerated irqchip support\n" 36d1048befSDon Slutz " vmport=on|off|auto controls emulation of vmport (default: auto)\n" 37ddb97f1dSJason Baron " kvm_shadow_mem=size of KVM shadow MMU\n" 388490fc78SLuiz Capitulino " dump-guest-core=on|off include guest memory in a core dump (default=on)\n" 39a52a7fdfSLe Tan " mem-merge=on|off controls memory merge support (default: on)\n" 402eb1cd07STony Krowiak " iommu=on|off controls emulated Intel IOMMU (VT-d) support (default=off)\n" 412eb1cd07STony Krowiak " aes-key-wrap=on|off controls support for AES key wrapping (default=on)\n" 429850c604SAlexander Graf " dea-key-wrap=on|off controls support for DEA key wrapping (default=on)\n" 439850c604SAlexander Graf " suppress-vmdesc=on|off disables self-describing migration (default=off)\n", 4480f52a66SJan Kiszka QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 455824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 4680f52a66SJan Kiszka@item -machine [type=]@var{name}[,prop=@var{value}[,...]] 4780f52a66SJan Kiszka@findex -machine 48585f6036SPeter MaydellSelect the emulated machine by @var{name}. Use @code{-machine help} to list 4980f52a66SJan Kiszkaavailable machines. Supported machine properties are: 5080f52a66SJan Kiszka@table @option 5180f52a66SJan Kiszka@item accel=@var{accels1}[:@var{accels2}[:...]] 5280f52a66SJan KiszkaThis is used to enable an accelerator. Depending on the target architecture, 5380f52a66SJan Kiszkakvm, xen, or tcg can be available. By default, tcg is used. If there is more 5480f52a66SJan Kiszkathan one accelerator specified, the next one is used if the previous one fails 5580f52a66SJan Kiszkato initialize. 566a48ffaaSJan Kiszka@item kernel_irqchip=on|off 576a48ffaaSJan KiszkaEnables in-kernel irqchip support for the chosen accelerator when available. 58d1048befSDon Slutz@item vmport=on|off|auto 59d1048befSDon SlutzEnables emulation of VMWare IO port, for vmmouse etc. auto says to select the 60d1048befSDon Slutzvalue based on accel. For accel=xen the default is off otherwise the default 61d1048befSDon Slutzis on. 6239d6960aSJan Kiszka@item kvm_shadow_mem=size 6339d6960aSJan KiszkaDefines the size of the KVM shadow MMU. 64ddb97f1dSJason Baron@item dump-guest-core=on|off 65ddb97f1dSJason BaronInclude guest memory in a core dump. The default is on. 668490fc78SLuiz Capitulino@item mem-merge=on|off 678490fc78SLuiz CapitulinoEnables or disables memory merge support. This feature, when supported by 688490fc78SLuiz Capitulinothe host, de-duplicates identical memory pages among VMs instances 698490fc78SLuiz Capitulino(enabled by default). 70a52a7fdfSLe Tan@item iommu=on|off 71a52a7fdfSLe TanEnables or disables emulated Intel IOMMU (VT-d) support. The default is off. 722eb1cd07STony Krowiak@item aes-key-wrap=on|off 732eb1cd07STony KrowiakEnables or disables AES key wrapping support on s390-ccw hosts. This feature 742eb1cd07STony Krowiakcontrols whether AES wrapping keys will be created to allow 752eb1cd07STony Krowiakexecution of AES cryptographic functions. The default is on. 762eb1cd07STony Krowiak@item dea-key-wrap=on|off 772eb1cd07STony KrowiakEnables or disables DEA key wrapping support on s390-ccw hosts. This feature 782eb1cd07STony Krowiakcontrols whether DEA wrapping keys will be created to allow 792eb1cd07STony Krowiakexecution of DEA cryptographic functions. The default is on. 8080f52a66SJan Kiszka@end table 815824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 825824d651Sblueswir1 8380f52a66SJan KiszkaHXCOMM Deprecated by -machine 8480f52a66SJan KiszkaDEF("M", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_M, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 8580f52a66SJan Kiszka 865824d651Sblueswir1DEF("cpu", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_cpu, 87585f6036SPeter Maydell "-cpu cpu select CPU ('-cpu help' for list)\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 885824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 895824d651Sblueswir1@item -cpu @var{model} 906616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -cpu 91585f6036SPeter MaydellSelect CPU model (@code{-cpu help} for list and additional feature selection) 925824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 935824d651Sblueswir1 945824d651Sblueswir1DEF("smp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smp, 9512b7f57eSMichael Tokarev "-smp [cpus=]n[,maxcpus=cpus][,cores=cores][,threads=threads][,sockets=sockets]\n" 966be68d7eSJes Sorensen " set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1]\n" 976be68d7eSJes Sorensen " maxcpus= maximum number of total cpus, including\n" 98ca1a8a06SBruce Rogers " offline CPUs for hotplug, etc\n" 9958a04db1SAndre Przywara " cores= number of CPU cores on one socket\n" 10058a04db1SAndre Przywara " threads= number of threads on one CPU core\n" 101ad96090aSBlue Swirl " sockets= number of discrete sockets in the system\n", 102ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 1035824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 10412b7f57eSMichael Tokarev@item -smp [cpus=]@var{n}[,cores=@var{cores}][,threads=@var{threads}][,sockets=@var{sockets}][,maxcpus=@var{maxcpus}] 1056616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -smp 1065824d651Sblueswir1Simulate an SMP system with @var{n} CPUs. On the PC target, up to 255 1075824d651Sblueswir1CPUs are supported. On Sparc32 target, Linux limits the number of usable CPUs 1085824d651Sblueswir1to 4. 10958a04db1SAndre PrzywaraFor the PC target, the number of @var{cores} per socket, the number 11058a04db1SAndre Przywaraof @var{threads} per cores and the total number of @var{sockets} can be 11158a04db1SAndre Przywaraspecified. Missing values will be computed. If any on the three values is 11258a04db1SAndre Przywaragiven, the total number of CPUs @var{n} can be omitted. @var{maxcpus} 11358a04db1SAndre Przywaraspecifies the maximum number of hotpluggable CPUs. 1145824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 1155824d651Sblueswir1 116268a362cSaliguoriDEF("numa", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_numa, 1177febe36fSPaolo Bonzini "-numa node[,mem=size][,cpus=cpu[-cpu]][,nodeid=node]\n" 1187febe36fSPaolo Bonzini "-numa node[,memdev=id][,cpus=cpu[-cpu]][,nodeid=node]\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 119268a362cSaliguoriSTEXI 1204932b897SLuiz Capitulino@item -numa node[,mem=@var{size}][,cpus=@var{cpu[-cpu]}][,nodeid=@var{node}] 1217febe36fSPaolo Bonzini@item -numa node[,memdev=@var{id}][,cpus=@var{cpu[-cpu]}][,nodeid=@var{node}] 1226616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -numa 1237febe36fSPaolo BonziniSimulate a multi node NUMA system. If @samp{mem}, @samp{memdev} 1244932b897SLuiz Capitulinoand @samp{cpus} are omitted, resources are split equally. Also, note 1254932b897SLuiz Capitulinothat the -@option{numa} option doesn't allocate any of the specified 1264932b897SLuiz Capitulinoresources. That is, it just assigns existing resources to NUMA nodes. This 1274932b897SLuiz Capitulinomeans that one still has to use the @option{-m}, @option{-smp} options 1287febe36fSPaolo Bonzinito allocate RAM and VCPUs respectively, and possibly @option{-object} 1297febe36fSPaolo Bonzinito specify the memory backend for the @samp{memdev} suboption. 1307febe36fSPaolo Bonzini 1317febe36fSPaolo Bonzini@samp{mem} and @samp{memdev} are mutually exclusive. Furthermore, if one 1327febe36fSPaolo Bonzininode uses @samp{memdev}, all of them have to use it. 133268a362cSaliguoriETEXI 134268a362cSaliguori 13510adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("add-fd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_add_fd, 13610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-add-fd fd=fd,set=set[,opaque=opaque]\n" 13710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " Add 'fd' to fd 'set'\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 13810adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 13910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -add-fd fd=@var{fd},set=@var{set}[,opaque=@var{opaque}] 14010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -add-fd 14110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 14210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterAdd a file descriptor to an fd set. Valid options are: 14310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 14410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@table @option 14510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item fd=@var{fd} 14610adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterThis option defines the file descriptor of which a duplicate is added to fd set. 14710adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterThe file descriptor cannot be stdin, stdout, or stderr. 14810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item set=@var{set} 14910adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterThis option defines the ID of the fd set to add the file descriptor to. 15010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item opaque=@var{opaque} 15110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterThis option defines a free-form string that can be used to describe @var{fd}. 15210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@end table 15310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 15410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterYou can open an image using pre-opened file descriptors from an fd set: 15510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@example 15610adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 15710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster-add-fd fd=3,set=2,opaque="rdwr:/path/to/file" 15810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster-add-fd fd=4,set=2,opaque="rdonly:/path/to/file" 15910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster-drive file=/dev/fdset/2,index=0,media=disk 16010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@end example 16110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 16210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 16310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("set", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_set, 16410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-set group.id.arg=value\n" 16510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " set <arg> parameter for item <id> of type <group>\n" 16610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " i.e. -set drive.$id.file=/path/to/image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 16710adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 16810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -set @var{group}.@var{id}.@var{arg}=@var{value} 16910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -set 17010adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSet parameter @var{arg} for item @var{id} of type @var{group}\n" 17110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 17210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 17310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("global", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_global, 1743751d7c4SPaolo Bonzini "-global driver.property=value\n" 1753751d7c4SPaolo Bonzini "-global driver=driver,property=property,value=value\n" 17610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " set a global default for a driver property\n", 17710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 17810adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 17910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -global @var{driver}.@var{prop}=@var{value} 1803751d7c4SPaolo Bonzini@itemx -global driver=@var{driver},property=@var{property},value=@var{value} 18110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -global 18210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSet default value of @var{driver}'s property @var{prop} to @var{value}, e.g.: 18310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 18410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@example 18510adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 -global ide-drive.physical_block_size=4096 -drive file=file,if=ide,index=0,media=disk 18610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@end example 18710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 18810adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterIn particular, you can use this to set driver properties for devices which are 18910adb8beSMarkus Armbrustercreated automatically by the machine model. To create a device which is not 19010adb8beSMarkus Armbrustercreated automatically and set properties on it, use -@option{device}. 1913751d7c4SPaolo Bonzini 1923751d7c4SPaolo BonziniThe two syntaxes are equivalent. The longer one works for drivers whose name 1933751d7c4SPaolo Bonzinicontains a dot. 19410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 19510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 19610adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("boot", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_boot, 19710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-boot [order=drives][,once=drives][,menu=on|off]\n" 198c8a6ae8bSAmos Kong " [,splash=sp_name][,splash-time=sp_time][,reboot-timeout=rb_time][,strict=on|off]\n" 19910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " 'drives': floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), network (n)\n" 20010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " 'sp_name': the file's name that would be passed to bios as logo picture, if menu=on\n" 20110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " 'sp_time': the period that splash picture last if menu=on, unit is ms\n" 20210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " 'rb_timeout': the timeout before guest reboot when boot failed, unit is ms\n", 20310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 20410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 205c8a6ae8bSAmos Kong@item -boot [order=@var{drives}][,once=@var{drives}][,menu=on|off][,splash=@var{sp_name}][,splash-time=@var{sp_time}][,reboot-timeout=@var{rb_timeout}][,strict=on|off] 20610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -boot 20710adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSpecify boot order @var{drives} as a string of drive letters. Valid 20810adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterdrive letters depend on the target achitecture. The x86 PC uses: a, b 20910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster(floppy 1 and 2), c (first hard disk), d (first CD-ROM), n-p (Etherboot 21010adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterfrom network adapter 1-4), hard disk boot is the default. To apply a 21110adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterparticular boot order only on the first startup, specify it via 21210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@option{once}. 21310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 21410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterInteractive boot menus/prompts can be enabled via @option{menu=on} as far 21510adb8beSMarkus Armbrusteras firmware/BIOS supports them. The default is non-interactive boot. 21610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 21710adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterA splash picture could be passed to bios, enabling user to show it as logo, 21810adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterwhen option splash=@var{sp_name} is given and menu=on, If firmware/BIOS 21910adb8beSMarkus Armbrustersupports them. Currently Seabios for X86 system support it. 22010adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterlimitation: The splash file could be a jpeg file or a BMP file in 24 BPP 22110adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterformat(true color). The resolution should be supported by the SVGA mode, so 22210adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterthe recommended is 320x240, 640x480, 800x640. 22310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 22410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterA timeout could be passed to bios, guest will pause for @var{rb_timeout} ms 22510adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterwhen boot failed, then reboot. If @var{rb_timeout} is '-1', guest will not 22610adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterreboot, qemu passes '-1' to bios by default. Currently Seabios for X86 22710adb8beSMarkus Armbrustersystem support it. 22810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 229c8a6ae8bSAmos KongDo strict boot via @option{strict=on} as far as firmware/BIOS 230c8a6ae8bSAmos Kongsupports it. This only effects when boot priority is changed by 231c8a6ae8bSAmos Kongbootindex options. The default is non-strict boot. 232c8a6ae8bSAmos Kong 23310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@example 23410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster# try to boot from network first, then from hard disk 23510adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 -boot order=nc 23610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster# boot from CD-ROM first, switch back to default order after reboot 23710adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 -boot once=d 23810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster# boot with a splash picture for 5 seconds. 23910adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 -boot menu=on,splash=/root/boot.bmp,splash-time=5000 24010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@end example 24110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 24210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterNote: The legacy format '-boot @var{drives}' is still supported but its 24310adb8beSMarkus Armbrusteruse is discouraged as it may be removed from future versions. 24410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 24510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 24610adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("m", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_m, 247c270fb9eSIgor Mammedov "-m[emory] [size=]megs[,slots=n,maxmem=size]\n" 2486e1d3c1cSIgor Mammedov " configure guest RAM\n" 2490daba1f0SAlexander Graf " size: initial amount of guest memory\n" 250c270fb9eSIgor Mammedov " slots: number of hotplug slots (default: none)\n" 251b6fe0124SMatthew Rosato " maxmem: maximum amount of guest memory (default: none)\n" 252b6fe0124SMatthew Rosato "NOTE: Some architectures might enforce a specific granularity\n", 2536e1d3c1cSIgor Mammedov QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 25410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 2559fcc0794SLuiz Capitulino@item -m [size=]@var{megs}[,slots=n,maxmem=size] 25610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -m 2579fcc0794SLuiz CapitulinoSets guest startup RAM size to @var{megs} megabytes. Default is 128 MiB. 2589fcc0794SLuiz CapitulinoOptionally, a suffix of ``M'' or ``G'' can be used to signify a value in 2599fcc0794SLuiz Capitulinomegabytes or gigabytes respectively. Optional pair @var{slots}, @var{maxmem} 2609fcc0794SLuiz Capitulinocould be used to set amount of hotpluggable memory slots and maximum amount of 2619fcc0794SLuiz Capitulinomemory. Note that @var{maxmem} must be aligned to the page size. 2629fcc0794SLuiz Capitulino 2639fcc0794SLuiz CapitulinoFor example, the following command-line sets the guest startup RAM size to 2649fcc0794SLuiz Capitulino1GB, creates 3 slots to hotplug additional memory and sets the maximum 2659fcc0794SLuiz Capitulinomemory the guest can reach to 4GB: 2669fcc0794SLuiz Capitulino 2679fcc0794SLuiz Capitulino@example 2689fcc0794SLuiz Capitulinoqemu-system-x86_64 -m 1G,slots=3,maxmem=4G 2699fcc0794SLuiz Capitulino@end example 2709fcc0794SLuiz Capitulino 2719fcc0794SLuiz CapitulinoIf @var{slots} and @var{maxmem} are not specified, memory hotplug won't 2729fcc0794SLuiz Capitulinobe enabled and the guest startup RAM will never increase. 27310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 27410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 27510adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("mem-path", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_mempath, 27610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-mem-path FILE provide backing storage for guest RAM\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 27710adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 27810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -mem-path @var{path} 27910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -mem-path 28010adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterAllocate guest RAM from a temporarily created file in @var{path}. 28110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 28210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 28310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("mem-prealloc", 0, QEMU_OPTION_mem_prealloc, 28410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-mem-prealloc preallocate guest memory (use with -mem-path)\n", 28510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 28610adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 28710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -mem-prealloc 28810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -mem-prealloc 28910adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterPreallocate memory when using -mem-path. 29010adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 29110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 29210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("k", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_k, 29310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-k language use keyboard layout (for example 'fr' for French)\n", 29410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 29510adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 29610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -k @var{language} 29710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -k 29810adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterUse keyboard layout @var{language} (for example @code{fr} for 29910adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterFrench). This option is only needed where it is not easy to get raw PC 30010adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterkeycodes (e.g. on Macs, with some X11 servers or with a VNC 30110adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterdisplay). You don't normally need to use it on PC/Linux or PC/Windows 30210adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterhosts. 30310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 30410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterThe available layouts are: 30510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@example 30610adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterar de-ch es fo fr-ca hu ja mk no pt-br sv 30710adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterda en-gb et fr fr-ch is lt nl pl ru th 30810adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterde en-us fi fr-be hr it lv nl-be pt sl tr 30910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@end example 31010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 31110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterThe default is @code{en-us}. 31210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 31310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 31410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 31510adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("audio-help", 0, QEMU_OPTION_audio_help, 31610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-audio-help print list of audio drivers and their options\n", 31710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 31810adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 31910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -audio-help 32010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -audio-help 32110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterWill show the audio subsystem help: list of drivers, tunable 32210adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterparameters. 32310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 32410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 32510adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("soundhw", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_soundhw, 32610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-soundhw c1,... enable audio support\n" 32710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " and only specified sound cards (comma separated list)\n" 32810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " use '-soundhw help' to get the list of supported cards\n" 32910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " use '-soundhw all' to enable all of them\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 33010adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 33110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -soundhw @var{card1}[,@var{card2},...] or -soundhw all 33210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -soundhw 33310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterEnable audio and selected sound hardware. Use 'help' to print all 33410adb8beSMarkus Armbrusteravailable sound hardware. 33510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 33610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@example 33710adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 -soundhw sb16,adlib disk.img 33810adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 -soundhw es1370 disk.img 33910adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 -soundhw ac97 disk.img 34010adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 -soundhw hda disk.img 34110adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 -soundhw all disk.img 34210adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterqemu-system-i386 -soundhw help 34310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@end example 34410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 34510adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterNote that Linux's i810_audio OSS kernel (for AC97) module might 34610adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterrequire manually specifying clocking. 34710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 34810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@example 34910adb8beSMarkus Armbrustermodprobe i810_audio clocking=48000 35010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@end example 35110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 35210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 35310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("balloon", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_balloon, 35410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-balloon none disable balloon device\n" 35510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-balloon virtio[,addr=str]\n" 35610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " enable virtio balloon device (default)\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 35710adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 35810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -balloon none 35910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -balloon 36010adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDisable balloon device. 36110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -balloon virtio[,addr=@var{addr}] 36210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterEnable virtio balloon device (default), optionally with PCI address 36310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@var{addr}. 36410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 36510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 36610adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("device", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_device, 36710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-device driver[,prop[=value][,...]]\n" 36810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " add device (based on driver)\n" 36910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " prop=value,... sets driver properties\n" 37010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " use '-device help' to print all possible drivers\n" 37110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " use '-device driver,help' to print all possible properties\n", 37210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 37310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 37410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -device @var{driver}[,@var{prop}[=@var{value}][,...]] 37510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -device 37610adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterAdd device @var{driver}. @var{prop}=@var{value} sets driver 37710adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterproperties. Valid properties depend on the driver. To get help on 37810adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterpossible drivers and properties, use @code{-device help} and 37910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@code{-device @var{driver},help}. 38010adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 38110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 38210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("name", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_name, 3838f480de0SDr. David Alan Gilbert "-name string1[,process=string2][,debug-threads=on|off]\n" 38410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " set the name of the guest\n" 3858f480de0SDr. David Alan Gilbert " string1 sets the window title and string2 the process name (on Linux)\n" 3868f480de0SDr. David Alan Gilbert " When debug-threads is enabled, individual threads are given a separate name (on Linux)\n" 3878f480de0SDr. David Alan Gilbert " NOTE: The thread names are for debugging and not a stable API.\n", 38810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 38910adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 39010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -name @var{name} 39110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -name 39210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSets the @var{name} of the guest. 39310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterThis name will be displayed in the SDL window caption. 39410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterThe @var{name} will also be used for the VNC server. 39510adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterAlso optionally set the top visible process name in Linux. 3968f480de0SDr. David Alan GilbertNaming of individual threads can also be enabled on Linux to aid debugging. 39710adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 39810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 39910adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("uuid", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_uuid, 40010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-uuid %08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x\n" 40110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " specify machine UUID\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 40210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 40310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -uuid @var{uuid} 40410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -uuid 40510adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSet system UUID. 40610adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 40710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 40810adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 40910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@end table 41010adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 41110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEFHEADING() 41210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 41310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEFHEADING(Block device options:) 41410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 41510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@table @option 41610adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 41710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 4185824d651Sblueswir1DEF("fda", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fda, 419ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-fda/-fdb file use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 420ad96090aSBlue SwirlDEF("fdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fdb, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 4215824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 4225824d651Sblueswir1@item -fda @var{file} 4235824d651Sblueswir1@item -fdb @var{file} 4246616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -fda 4256616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -fdb 42692a539d2SMarkus ArmbrusterUse @var{file} as floppy disk 0/1 image (@pxref{disk_images}). 4275824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 4285824d651Sblueswir1 4295824d651Sblueswir1DEF("hda", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hda, 430ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-hda/-hdb file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 431ad96090aSBlue SwirlDEF("hdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdb, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 4325824d651Sblueswir1DEF("hdc", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdc, 433ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-hdc/-hdd file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 434ad96090aSBlue SwirlDEF("hdd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdd, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 4355824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 4365824d651Sblueswir1@item -hda @var{file} 4375824d651Sblueswir1@item -hdb @var{file} 4385824d651Sblueswir1@item -hdc @var{file} 4395824d651Sblueswir1@item -hdd @var{file} 4406616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -hda 4416616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -hdb 4426616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -hdc 4436616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -hdd 4445824d651Sblueswir1Use @var{file} as hard disk 0, 1, 2 or 3 image (@pxref{disk_images}). 4455824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 4465824d651Sblueswir1 4475824d651Sblueswir1DEF("cdrom", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_cdrom, 448ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-cdrom file use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)\n", 449ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 4505824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 4515824d651Sblueswir1@item -cdrom @var{file} 4526616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -cdrom 4535824d651Sblueswir1Use @var{file} as CD-ROM image (you cannot use @option{-hdc} and 4545824d651Sblueswir1@option{-cdrom} at the same time). You can use the host CD-ROM by 4555824d651Sblueswir1using @file{/dev/cdrom} as filename (@pxref{host_drives}). 4565824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 4575824d651Sblueswir1 4585824d651Sblueswir1DEF("drive", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_drive, 4595824d651Sblueswir1 "-drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i]\n" 4605824d651Sblueswir1 " [,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s[,trans=t]][,snapshot=on|off]\n" 46192196b2fSStefan Hajnoczi " [,cache=writethrough|writeback|none|directsync|unsafe][,format=f]\n" 462d1db760dSStefan Hajnoczi " [,serial=s][,addr=A][,rerror=ignore|stop|report]\n" 463d1db760dSStefan Hajnoczi " [,werror=ignore|stop|report|enospc][,id=name][,aio=threads|native]\n" 464fb0490f6SStefan Hajnoczi " [,readonly=on|off][,copy-on-read=on|off]\n" 4652f7133b2SPeter Lieven " [,discard=ignore|unmap][,detect-zeroes=on|off|unmap]\n" 4663e9fab69SBenoît Canet " [[,bps=b]|[[,bps_rd=r][,bps_wr=w]]]\n" 4673e9fab69SBenoît Canet " [[,iops=i]|[[,iops_rd=r][,iops_wr=w]]]\n" 4683e9fab69SBenoît Canet " [[,bps_max=bm]|[[,bps_rd_max=rm][,bps_wr_max=wm]]]\n" 4693e9fab69SBenoît Canet " [[,iops_max=im]|[[,iops_rd_max=irm][,iops_wr_max=iwm]]]\n" 4702024c1dfSBenoît Canet " [[,iops_size=is]]\n" 471ad96090aSBlue Swirl " use 'file' as a drive image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 4725824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 4735824d651Sblueswir1@item -drive @var{option}[,@var{option}[,@var{option}[,...]]] 4746616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -drive 4755824d651Sblueswir1 4765824d651Sblueswir1Define a new drive. Valid options are: 4775824d651Sblueswir1 478b3f046c2SKevin Wolf@table @option 4795824d651Sblueswir1@item file=@var{file} 4805824d651Sblueswir1This option defines which disk image (@pxref{disk_images}) to use with 4815824d651Sblueswir1this drive. If the filename contains comma, you must double it 4825824d651Sblueswir1(for instance, "file=my,,file" to use file "my,file"). 4830f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg 4840f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergSpecial files such as iSCSI devices can be specified using protocol 4850f5314a2SRonnie Sahlbergspecific URLs. See the section for "Device URL Syntax" for more information. 4865824d651Sblueswir1@item if=@var{interface} 4875824d651Sblueswir1This option defines on which type on interface the drive is connected. 4885824d651Sblueswir1Available types are: ide, scsi, sd, mtd, floppy, pflash, virtio. 4895824d651Sblueswir1@item bus=@var{bus},unit=@var{unit} 4905824d651Sblueswir1These options define where is connected the drive by defining the bus number and 4915824d651Sblueswir1the unit id. 4925824d651Sblueswir1@item index=@var{index} 4935824d651Sblueswir1This option defines where is connected the drive by using an index in the list 4945824d651Sblueswir1of available connectors of a given interface type. 4955824d651Sblueswir1@item media=@var{media} 4965824d651Sblueswir1This option defines the type of the media: disk or cdrom. 4975824d651Sblueswir1@item cyls=@var{c},heads=@var{h},secs=@var{s}[,trans=@var{t}] 4985824d651Sblueswir1These options have the same definition as they have in @option{-hdachs}. 4995824d651Sblueswir1@item snapshot=@var{snapshot} 5009d85d557SMichael Tokarev@var{snapshot} is "on" or "off" and controls snapshot mode for the given drive 5019d85d557SMichael Tokarev(see @option{-snapshot}). 5025824d651Sblueswir1@item cache=@var{cache} 50392196b2fSStefan Hajnoczi@var{cache} is "none", "writeback", "unsafe", "directsync" or "writethrough" and controls how the host cache is used to access block data. 5045c6c3a6cSChristoph Hellwig@item aio=@var{aio} 5055c6c3a6cSChristoph Hellwig@var{aio} is "threads", or "native" and selects between pthread based disk I/O and native Linux AIO. 506a9384affSPaolo Bonzini@item discard=@var{discard} 507a9384affSPaolo Bonzini@var{discard} is one of "ignore" (or "off") or "unmap" (or "on") and controls whether @dfn{discard} (also known as @dfn{trim} or @dfn{unmap}) requests are ignored or passed to the filesystem. Some machine types may not support discard requests. 5085824d651Sblueswir1@item format=@var{format} 5095824d651Sblueswir1Specify which disk @var{format} will be used rather than detecting 5105824d651Sblueswir1the format. Can be used to specifiy format=raw to avoid interpreting 5115824d651Sblueswir1an untrusted format header. 5125824d651Sblueswir1@item serial=@var{serial} 5135824d651Sblueswir1This option specifies the serial number to assign to the device. 514c2cc47a4SMarkus Armbruster@item addr=@var{addr} 515c2cc47a4SMarkus ArmbrusterSpecify the controller's PCI address (if=virtio only). 516ae73e591SLuiz Capitulino@item werror=@var{action},rerror=@var{action} 517ae73e591SLuiz CapitulinoSpecify which @var{action} to take on write and read errors. Valid actions are: 518ae73e591SLuiz Capitulino"ignore" (ignore the error and try to continue), "stop" (pause QEMU), 519ae73e591SLuiz Capitulino"report" (report the error to the guest), "enospc" (pause QEMU only if the 520ae73e591SLuiz Capitulinohost disk is full; report the error to the guest otherwise). 521ae73e591SLuiz CapitulinoThe default setting is @option{werror=enospc} and @option{rerror=report}. 522ae73e591SLuiz Capitulino@item readonly 523ae73e591SLuiz CapitulinoOpen drive @option{file} as read-only. Guest write attempts will fail. 524fb0490f6SStefan Hajnoczi@item copy-on-read=@var{copy-on-read} 525fb0490f6SStefan Hajnoczi@var{copy-on-read} is "on" or "off" and enables whether to copy read backing 526fb0490f6SStefan Hajnoczifile sectors into the image file. 527465bee1dSPeter Lieven@item detect-zeroes=@var{detect-zeroes} 528465bee1dSPeter Lieven@var{detect-zeroes} is "off", "on" or "unmap" and enables the automatic 529465bee1dSPeter Lievenconversion of plain zero writes by the OS to driver specific optimized 530465bee1dSPeter Lievenzero write commands. You may even choose "unmap" if @var{discard} is set 531465bee1dSPeter Lievento "unmap" to allow a zero write to be converted to an UNMAP operation. 5325824d651Sblueswir1@end table 5335824d651Sblueswir1 534a13e5e05SKevin WolfBy default, the @option{cache=writeback} mode is used. It will report data 535a13e5e05SKevin Wolfwrites as completed as soon as the data is present in the host page cache. 536a13e5e05SKevin WolfThis is safe as long as your guest OS makes sure to correctly flush disk caches 537a13e5e05SKevin Wolfwhere needed. If your guest OS does not handle volatile disk write caches 538a13e5e05SKevin Wolfcorrectly and your host crashes or loses power, then the guest may experience 539a13e5e05SKevin Wolfdata corruption. 5405824d651Sblueswir1 541a13e5e05SKevin WolfFor such guests, you should consider using @option{cache=writethrough}. This 542a13e5e05SKevin Wolfmeans that the host page cache will be used to read and write data, but write 543a13e5e05SKevin Wolfnotification will be sent to the guest only after QEMU has made sure to flush 544a13e5e05SKevin Wolfeach write to the disk. Be aware that this has a major impact on performance. 5455824d651Sblueswir1 546c304d317SAurelien JarnoThe host page cache can be avoided entirely with @option{cache=none}. This will 547a13e5e05SKevin Wolfattempt to do disk IO directly to the guest's memory. QEMU may still perform 548a13e5e05SKevin Wolfan internal copy of the data. Note that this is considered a writeback mode and 549a13e5e05SKevin Wolfthe guest OS must handle the disk write cache correctly in order to avoid data 550a13e5e05SKevin Wolfcorruption on host crashes. 5515824d651Sblueswir1 55292196b2fSStefan HajnocziThe host page cache can be avoided while only sending write notifications to 553a13e5e05SKevin Wolfthe guest when the data has been flushed to the disk using 554a13e5e05SKevin Wolf@option{cache=directsync}. 5555824d651Sblueswir1 556016f5cf6SAlexander GrafIn case you don't care about data integrity over host failures, use 557a13e5e05SKevin Wolf@option{cache=unsafe}. This option tells QEMU that it never needs to write any 558a13e5e05SKevin Wolfdata to the disk but can instead keep things in cache. If anything goes wrong, 559e7d81004SStefan Weillike your host losing power, the disk storage getting disconnected accidentally, 560a13e5e05SKevin Wolfetc. your image will most probably be rendered unusable. When using 561c3177288SAlexander Grafthe @option{-snapshot} option, unsafe caching is always used. 562016f5cf6SAlexander Graf 563fb0490f6SStefan HajnocziCopy-on-read avoids accessing the same backing file sectors repeatedly and is 564fb0490f6SStefan Hajnocziuseful when the backing file is over a slow network. By default copy-on-read 565fb0490f6SStefan Hajnocziis off. 566fb0490f6SStefan Hajnoczi 5675824d651Sblueswir1Instead of @option{-cdrom} you can use: 5685824d651Sblueswir1@example 5693804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=file,index=2,media=cdrom 5705824d651Sblueswir1@end example 5715824d651Sblueswir1 5725824d651Sblueswir1Instead of @option{-hda}, @option{-hdb}, @option{-hdc}, @option{-hdd}, you can 5735824d651Sblueswir1use: 5745824d651Sblueswir1@example 5753804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=file,index=0,media=disk 5763804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=file,index=1,media=disk 5773804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=file,index=2,media=disk 5783804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=file,index=3,media=disk 5795824d651Sblueswir1@end example 5805824d651Sblueswir1 581587ed6beSCorey BryantYou can open an image using pre-opened file descriptors from an fd set: 582587ed6beSCorey Bryant@example 583587ed6beSCorey Bryantqemu-system-i386 584587ed6beSCorey Bryant-add-fd fd=3,set=2,opaque="rdwr:/path/to/file" 585587ed6beSCorey Bryant-add-fd fd=4,set=2,opaque="rdonly:/path/to/file" 586587ed6beSCorey Bryant-drive file=/dev/fdset/2,index=0,media=disk 587587ed6beSCorey Bryant@end example 588587ed6beSCorey Bryant 5895824d651Sblueswir1You can connect a CDROM to the slave of ide0: 5905824d651Sblueswir1@example 5913804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=file,if=ide,index=1,media=cdrom 5925824d651Sblueswir1@end example 5935824d651Sblueswir1 5945824d651Sblueswir1If you don't specify the "file=" argument, you define an empty drive: 5955824d651Sblueswir1@example 5963804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive if=ide,index=1,media=cdrom 5975824d651Sblueswir1@end example 5985824d651Sblueswir1 5995824d651Sblueswir1You can connect a SCSI disk with unit ID 6 on the bus #0: 6005824d651Sblueswir1@example 6013804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=file,if=scsi,bus=0,unit=6 6025824d651Sblueswir1@end example 6035824d651Sblueswir1 6045824d651Sblueswir1Instead of @option{-fda}, @option{-fdb}, you can use: 6055824d651Sblueswir1@example 6063804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=file,index=0,if=floppy 6073804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=file,index=1,if=floppy 6085824d651Sblueswir1@end example 6095824d651Sblueswir1 6105824d651Sblueswir1By default, @var{interface} is "ide" and @var{index} is automatically 6115824d651Sblueswir1incremented: 6125824d651Sblueswir1@example 6133804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=a -drive file=b" 6145824d651Sblueswir1@end example 6155824d651Sblueswir1is interpreted like: 6165824d651Sblueswir1@example 6173804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -hda a -hdb b 6185824d651Sblueswir1@end example 6195824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 6205824d651Sblueswir1 6215824d651Sblueswir1DEF("mtdblock", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_mtdblock, 622ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-mtdblock file use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image\n", 623ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 6245824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 6254e257e5eSKevin Wolf@item -mtdblock @var{file} 6266616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -mtdblock 6274e257e5eSKevin WolfUse @var{file} as on-board Flash memory image. 6285824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 6295824d651Sblueswir1 6305824d651Sblueswir1DEF("sd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_sd, 631ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-sd file use 'file' as SecureDigital card image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 6325824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 6334e257e5eSKevin Wolf@item -sd @var{file} 6346616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -sd 6354e257e5eSKevin WolfUse @var{file} as SecureDigital card image. 6365824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 6375824d651Sblueswir1 6385824d651Sblueswir1DEF("pflash", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_pflash, 639ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-pflash file use 'file' as a parallel flash image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 6405824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 6414e257e5eSKevin Wolf@item -pflash @var{file} 6426616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -pflash 6434e257e5eSKevin WolfUse @var{file} as a parallel flash image. 6445824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 6455824d651Sblueswir1 6465824d651Sblueswir1DEF("snapshot", 0, QEMU_OPTION_snapshot, 647ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-snapshot write to temporary files instead of disk image files\n", 648ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 6495824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 6505824d651Sblueswir1@item -snapshot 6516616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -snapshot 6525824d651Sblueswir1Write to temporary files instead of disk image files. In this case, 6535824d651Sblueswir1the raw disk image you use is not written back. You can however force 6545824d651Sblueswir1the write back by pressing @key{C-a s} (@pxref{disk_images}). 6555824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 6565824d651Sblueswir1 65710adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("hdachs", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdachs, \ 65810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-hdachs c,h,s[,t]\n" \ 65910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " force hard disk 0 physical geometry and the optional BIOS\n" \ 66010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster " translation (t=none or lba) (usually QEMU can guess them)\n", 661ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 662c902760fSMarcelo TosattiSTEXI 66310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -hdachs @var{c},@var{h},@var{s},[,@var{t}] 66410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -hdachs 66510adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterForce hard disk 0 physical geometry (1 <= @var{c} <= 16383, 1 <= 66610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@var{h} <= 16, 1 <= @var{s} <= 63) and optionally force the BIOS 66710adb8beSMarkus Armbrustertranslation mode (@var{t}=none, lba or auto). Usually QEMU can guess 66810adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterall those parameters. This option is useful for old MS-DOS disk 66910adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterimages. 670c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 67174db920cSGautham R Shenoy 67274db920cSGautham R ShenoyDEF("fsdev", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fsdev, 6732c30dd74SAneesh Kumar K.V "-fsdev fsdriver,id=id[,path=path,][security_model={mapped-xattr|mapped-file|passthrough|none}]\n" 67484a87cc4SM. Mohan Kumar " [,writeout=immediate][,readonly][,socket=socket|sock_fd=sock_fd]\n", 67574db920cSGautham R Shenoy QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 67674db920cSGautham R Shenoy 67774db920cSGautham R ShenoySTEXI 67874db920cSGautham R Shenoy 67984a87cc4SM. Mohan Kumar@item -fsdev @var{fsdriver},id=@var{id},path=@var{path},[security_model=@var{security_model}][,writeout=@var{writeout}][,readonly][,socket=@var{socket}|sock_fd=@var{sock_fd}] 68074db920cSGautham R Shenoy@findex -fsdev 6817c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VDefine a new file system device. Valid options are: 6827c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@table @option 6837c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item @var{fsdriver} 6847c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VThis option specifies the fs driver backend to use. 685f67e3ffdSM. Mohan KumarCurrently "local", "handle" and "proxy" file system drivers are supported. 6867c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item id=@var{id} 6877c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VSpecifies identifier for this device 6887c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item path=@var{path} 6897c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VSpecifies the export path for the file system device. Files under 6907c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vthis path will be available to the 9p client on the guest. 6917c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item security_model=@var{security_model} 6927c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VSpecifies the security model to be used for this export path. 6932c30dd74SAneesh Kumar K.VSupported security models are "passthrough", "mapped-xattr", "mapped-file" and "none". 6947c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VIn "passthrough" security model, files are stored using the same 695b65ee4faSStefan Weilcredentials as they are created on the guest. This requires QEMU 6962c30dd74SAneesh Kumar K.Vto run as root. In "mapped-xattr" security model, some of the file 6977c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vattributes like uid, gid, mode bits and link target are stored as 6982c30dd74SAneesh Kumar K.Vfile attributes. For "mapped-file" these attributes are stored in the 6992c30dd74SAneesh Kumar K.Vhidden .virtfs_metadata directory. Directories exported by this security model cannot 7007c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vinteract with other unix tools. "none" security model is same as 7017c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vpassthrough except the sever won't report failures if it fails to 702d9b36a6eSM. Mohan Kumarset file attributes like ownership. Security model is mandatory 703f67e3ffdSM. Mohan Kumaronly for local fsdriver. Other fsdrivers (like handle, proxy) don't take 704d9b36a6eSM. Mohan Kumarsecurity model as a parameter. 7057c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item writeout=@var{writeout} 7067c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VThis is an optional argument. The only supported value is "immediate". 7077c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VThis means that host page cache will be used to read and write data but 7087c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vwrite notification will be sent to the guest only when the data has been 7097c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vreported as written by the storage subsystem. 7102c74c2cbSM. Mohan Kumar@item readonly 7112c74c2cbSM. Mohan KumarEnables exporting 9p share as a readonly mount for guests. By default 7122c74c2cbSM. Mohan Kumarread-write access is given. 71384a87cc4SM. Mohan Kumar@item socket=@var{socket} 71484a87cc4SM. Mohan KumarEnables proxy filesystem driver to use passed socket file for communicating 71584a87cc4SM. Mohan Kumarwith virtfs-proxy-helper 716f67e3ffdSM. Mohan Kumar@item sock_fd=@var{sock_fd} 717f67e3ffdSM. Mohan KumarEnables proxy filesystem driver to use passed socket descriptor for 718f67e3ffdSM. Mohan Kumarcommunicating with virtfs-proxy-helper. Usually a helper like libvirt 719f67e3ffdSM. Mohan Kumarwill create socketpair and pass one of the fds as sock_fd 72074db920cSGautham R Shenoy@end table 7217c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V 7227c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V-fsdev option is used along with -device driver "virtio-9p-pci". 7237c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item -device virtio-9p-pci,fsdev=@var{id},mount_tag=@var{mount_tag} 7247c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VOptions for virtio-9p-pci driver are: 7257c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@table @option 7267c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item fsdev=@var{id} 7277c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VSpecifies the id value specified along with -fsdev option 7287c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item mount_tag=@var{mount_tag} 7297c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VSpecifies the tag name to be used by the guest to mount this export point 7307c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@end table 7317c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V 73274db920cSGautham R ShenoyETEXI 73374db920cSGautham R Shenoy 7343d54abc7SGautham R ShenoyDEF("virtfs", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_virtfs, 7352c30dd74SAneesh Kumar K.V "-virtfs local,path=path,mount_tag=tag,security_model=[mapped-xattr|mapped-file|passthrough|none]\n" 73684a87cc4SM. Mohan Kumar " [,writeout=immediate][,readonly][,socket=socket|sock_fd=sock_fd]\n", 7373d54abc7SGautham R Shenoy QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 7383d54abc7SGautham R Shenoy 7393d54abc7SGautham R ShenoySTEXI 7403d54abc7SGautham R Shenoy 74184a87cc4SM. Mohan Kumar@item -virtfs @var{fsdriver}[,path=@var{path}],mount_tag=@var{mount_tag}[,security_model=@var{security_model}][,writeout=@var{writeout}][,readonly][,socket=@var{socket}|sock_fd=@var{sock_fd}] 7423d54abc7SGautham R Shenoy@findex -virtfs 7433d54abc7SGautham R Shenoy 7447c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VThe general form of a Virtual File system pass-through options are: 7457c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@table @option 7467c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item @var{fsdriver} 7477c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VThis option specifies the fs driver backend to use. 748f67e3ffdSM. Mohan KumarCurrently "local", "handle" and "proxy" file system drivers are supported. 7497c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item id=@var{id} 7507c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VSpecifies identifier for this device 7517c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item path=@var{path} 7527c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VSpecifies the export path for the file system device. Files under 7537c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vthis path will be available to the 9p client on the guest. 7547c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item security_model=@var{security_model} 7557c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VSpecifies the security model to be used for this export path. 7562c30dd74SAneesh Kumar K.VSupported security models are "passthrough", "mapped-xattr", "mapped-file" and "none". 7577c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VIn "passthrough" security model, files are stored using the same 758b65ee4faSStefan Weilcredentials as they are created on the guest. This requires QEMU 7592c30dd74SAneesh Kumar K.Vto run as root. In "mapped-xattr" security model, some of the file 7607c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vattributes like uid, gid, mode bits and link target are stored as 7612c30dd74SAneesh Kumar K.Vfile attributes. For "mapped-file" these attributes are stored in the 7622c30dd74SAneesh Kumar K.Vhidden .virtfs_metadata directory. Directories exported by this security model cannot 7637c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vinteract with other unix tools. "none" security model is same as 7647c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vpassthrough except the sever won't report failures if it fails to 765d9b36a6eSM. Mohan Kumarset file attributes like ownership. Security model is mandatory only 766f67e3ffdSM. Mohan Kumarfor local fsdriver. Other fsdrivers (like handle, proxy) don't take security 767d9b36a6eSM. Mohan Kumarmodel as a parameter. 7687c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.V@item writeout=@var{writeout} 7697c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VThis is an optional argument. The only supported value is "immediate". 7707c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.VThis means that host page cache will be used to read and write data but 7717c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vwrite notification will be sent to the guest only when the data has been 7727c92a3d2SAneesh Kumar K.Vreported as written by the storage subsystem. 7732c74c2cbSM. Mohan Kumar@item readonly 7742c74c2cbSM. Mohan KumarEnables exporting 9p share as a readonly mount for guests. By default 7752c74c2cbSM. Mohan Kumarread-write access is given. 77684a87cc4SM. Mohan Kumar@item socket=@var{socket} 77784a87cc4SM. Mohan KumarEnables proxy filesystem driver to use passed socket file for 77884a87cc4SM. Mohan Kumarcommunicating with virtfs-proxy-helper. Usually a helper like libvirt 77984a87cc4SM. Mohan Kumarwill create socketpair and pass one of the fds as sock_fd 780f67e3ffdSM. Mohan Kumar@item sock_fd 781f67e3ffdSM. Mohan KumarEnables proxy filesystem driver to use passed 'sock_fd' as the socket 782f67e3ffdSM. Mohan Kumardescriptor for interfacing with virtfs-proxy-helper 7833d54abc7SGautham R Shenoy@end table 7843d54abc7SGautham R ShenoyETEXI 7853d54abc7SGautham R Shenoy 7869db221aeSAneesh Kumar K.VDEF("virtfs_synth", 0, QEMU_OPTION_virtfs_synth, 7879db221aeSAneesh Kumar K.V "-virtfs_synth Create synthetic file system image\n", 7889db221aeSAneesh Kumar K.V QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 7899db221aeSAneesh Kumar K.VSTEXI 7909db221aeSAneesh Kumar K.V@item -virtfs_synth 7919db221aeSAneesh Kumar K.V@findex -virtfs_synth 7929db221aeSAneesh Kumar K.VCreate synthetic file system image 7939db221aeSAneesh Kumar K.VETEXI 7949db221aeSAneesh Kumar K.V 7955824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 7965824d651Sblueswir1@end table 7975824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 7985824d651Sblueswir1DEFHEADING() 7995824d651Sblueswir1 80010adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEFHEADING(USB options:) 80110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 80210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@table @option 80310adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 80410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 80510adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("usb", 0, QEMU_OPTION_usb, 80610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-usb enable the USB driver (will be the default soon)\n", 80710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 80810adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 80910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -usb 81010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -usb 81110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterEnable the USB driver (will be the default soon) 81210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 81310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 81410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("usbdevice", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_usbdevice, 81510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster "-usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name'\n", 81610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 81710adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 81810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 81910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item -usbdevice @var{devname} 82010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@findex -usbdevice 82110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterAdd the USB device @var{devname}. @xref{usb_devices}. 82210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 82310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@table @option 82410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 82510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item mouse 82610adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterVirtual Mouse. This will override the PS/2 mouse emulation when activated. 82710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 82810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item tablet 82910adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterPointer device that uses absolute coordinates (like a touchscreen). This 83010adb8beSMarkus Armbrustermeans QEMU is able to report the mouse position without having to grab the 83110adb8beSMarkus Armbrustermouse. Also overrides the PS/2 mouse emulation when activated. 83210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 83310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item disk:[format=@var{format}]:@var{file} 83410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterMass storage device based on file. The optional @var{format} argument 83510adb8beSMarkus Armbrusterwill be used rather than detecting the format. Can be used to specifiy 83610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@code{format=raw} to avoid interpreting an untrusted format header. 83710adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 83810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item host:@var{bus}.@var{addr} 83910adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterPass through the host device identified by @var{bus}.@var{addr} (Linux only). 84010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 84110adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item host:@var{vendor_id}:@var{product_id} 84210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterPass through the host device identified by @var{vendor_id}:@var{product_id} 84310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster(Linux only). 84410adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 84510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item serial:[vendorid=@var{vendor_id}][,productid=@var{product_id}]:@var{dev} 84610adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSerial converter to host character device @var{dev}, see @code{-serial} for the 84710adb8beSMarkus Armbrusteravailable devices. 84810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 84910adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item braille 85010adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterBraille device. This will use BrlAPI to display the braille output on a real 85110adb8beSMarkus Armbrusteror fake device. 85210adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 85310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@item net:@var{options} 85410adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterNetwork adapter that supports CDC ethernet and RNDIS protocols. 85510adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 85610adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@end table 85710adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 85810adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 85910adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 86010adb8beSMarkus Armbruster@end table 86110adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 86210adb8beSMarkus ArmbrusterDEFHEADING() 86310adb8beSMarkus Armbruster 8645824d651Sblueswir1DEFHEADING(Display options:) 8655824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 8665824d651Sblueswir1@table @option 8675824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 8685824d651Sblueswir1 8691472a95bSJes SorensenDEF("display", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_display, 8701472a95bSJes Sorensen "-display sdl[,frame=on|off][,alt_grab=on|off][,ctrl_grab=on|off]\n" 8713264ff12SJes Sorensen " [,window_close=on|off]|curses|none|\n" 872881249c7SJan Kiszka " gtk[,grab_on_hover=on|off]|\n" 8733264ff12SJes Sorensen " vnc=<display>[,<optargs>]\n" 8741472a95bSJes Sorensen " select display type\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 8751472a95bSJes SorensenSTEXI 8761472a95bSJes Sorensen@item -display @var{type} 8771472a95bSJes Sorensen@findex -display 8781472a95bSJes SorensenSelect type of display to use. This option is a replacement for the 8791472a95bSJes Sorensenold style -sdl/-curses/... options. Valid values for @var{type} are 8801472a95bSJes Sorensen@table @option 8811472a95bSJes Sorensen@item sdl 8821472a95bSJes SorensenDisplay video output via SDL (usually in a separate graphics 8831472a95bSJes Sorensenwindow; see the SDL documentation for other possibilities). 8841472a95bSJes Sorensen@item curses 8851472a95bSJes SorensenDisplay video output via curses. For graphics device models which 8861472a95bSJes Sorensensupport a text mode, QEMU can display this output using a 8871472a95bSJes Sorensencurses/ncurses interface. Nothing is displayed when the graphics 8881472a95bSJes Sorensendevice is in graphical mode or if the graphics device does not support 8891472a95bSJes Sorensena text mode. Generally only the VGA device models support text mode. 8904171d32eSJes Sorensen@item none 8914171d32eSJes SorensenDo not display video output. The guest will still see an emulated 8924171d32eSJes Sorensengraphics card, but its output will not be displayed to the QEMU 8934171d32eSJes Sorensenuser. This option differs from the -nographic option in that it 8944171d32eSJes Sorensenonly affects what is done with video output; -nographic also changes 8954171d32eSJes Sorensenthe destination of the serial and parallel port data. 896881249c7SJan Kiszka@item gtk 897881249c7SJan KiszkaDisplay video output in a GTK window. This interface provides drop-down 898881249c7SJan Kiszkamenus and other UI elements to configure and control the VM during 899881249c7SJan Kiszkaruntime. 9003264ff12SJes Sorensen@item vnc 9013264ff12SJes SorensenStart a VNC server on display <arg> 9021472a95bSJes Sorensen@end table 9031472a95bSJes SorensenETEXI 9041472a95bSJes Sorensen 9055824d651Sblueswir1DEF("nographic", 0, QEMU_OPTION_nographic, 906ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-nographic disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console\n", 907ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 9085824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 9095824d651Sblueswir1@item -nographic 9106616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -nographic 9115824d651Sblueswir1Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option, 9125824d651Sblueswir1you can totally disable graphical output so that QEMU is a simple 9135824d651Sblueswir1command line application. The emulated serial port is redirected on 91402c4bdf1SPaolo Bonzinithe console and muxed with the monitor (unless redirected elsewhere 91502c4bdf1SPaolo Bonziniexplicitly). Therefore, you can still use QEMU to debug a Linux kernel 916b031f413SRamkumar Ramachandrawith a serial console. Use @key{C-a h} for help on switching between 917b031f413SRamkumar Ramachandrathe console and monitor. 9185824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 9195824d651Sblueswir1 9205824d651Sblueswir1DEF("curses", 0, QEMU_OPTION_curses, 921ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-curses use a curses/ncurses interface instead of SDL\n", 922ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 9235824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 9245824d651Sblueswir1@item -curses 925b8f490ebSMarkus Armbruster@findex -curses 9265824d651Sblueswir1Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option, 9275824d651Sblueswir1QEMU can display the VGA output when in text mode using a 9285824d651Sblueswir1curses/ncurses interface. Nothing is displayed in graphical mode. 9295824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 9305824d651Sblueswir1 9315824d651Sblueswir1DEF("no-frame", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_frame, 932ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-no-frame open SDL window without a frame and window decorations\n", 933ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 9345824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 9355824d651Sblueswir1@item -no-frame 9366616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -no-frame 9375824d651Sblueswir1Do not use decorations for SDL windows and start them using the whole 9385824d651Sblueswir1available screen space. This makes the using QEMU in a dedicated desktop 9395824d651Sblueswir1workspace more convenient. 9405824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 9415824d651Sblueswir1 9425824d651Sblueswir1DEF("alt-grab", 0, QEMU_OPTION_alt_grab, 943ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-alt-grab use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)\n", 944ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 9455824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 9465824d651Sblueswir1@item -alt-grab 9476616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -alt-grab 948de1db2a1SBrad HardsUse Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt). Note that this also 949de1db2a1SBrad Hardsaffects the special keys (for fullscreen, monitor-mode switching, etc). 9505824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 9515824d651Sblueswir1 9520ca9f8a4SDustin KirklandDEF("ctrl-grab", 0, QEMU_OPTION_ctrl_grab, 953ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-ctrl-grab use Right-Ctrl to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)\n", 954ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 9550ca9f8a4SDustin KirklandSTEXI 9560ca9f8a4SDustin Kirkland@item -ctrl-grab 9576616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -ctrl-grab 958de1db2a1SBrad HardsUse Right-Ctrl to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt). Note that this also 959de1db2a1SBrad Hardsaffects the special keys (for fullscreen, monitor-mode switching, etc). 9600ca9f8a4SDustin KirklandETEXI 9610ca9f8a4SDustin Kirkland 9625824d651Sblueswir1DEF("no-quit", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_quit, 963ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-no-quit disable SDL window close capability\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 9645824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 9655824d651Sblueswir1@item -no-quit 9666616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -no-quit 9675824d651Sblueswir1Disable SDL window close capability. 9685824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 9695824d651Sblueswir1 9705824d651Sblueswir1DEF("sdl", 0, QEMU_OPTION_sdl, 971ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-sdl enable SDL\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 9725824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 9735824d651Sblueswir1@item -sdl 9746616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -sdl 9755824d651Sblueswir1Enable SDL. 9765824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 9775824d651Sblueswir1 97829b0040bSGerd HoffmannDEF("spice", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_spice, 97927af7788SYonit Halperin "-spice [port=port][,tls-port=secured-port][,x509-dir=<dir>]\n" 98027af7788SYonit Halperin " [,x509-key-file=<file>][,x509-key-password=<file>]\n" 98127af7788SYonit Halperin " [,x509-cert-file=<file>][,x509-cacert-file=<file>]\n" 982fe4831b1SMarc-André Lureau " [,x509-dh-key-file=<file>][,addr=addr][,ipv4|ipv6|unix]\n" 98327af7788SYonit Halperin " [,tls-ciphers=<list>]\n" 98427af7788SYonit Halperin " [,tls-channel=[main|display|cursor|inputs|record|playback]]\n" 98527af7788SYonit Halperin " [,plaintext-channel=[main|display|cursor|inputs|record|playback]]\n" 98627af7788SYonit Halperin " [,sasl][,password=<secret>][,disable-ticketing]\n" 98727af7788SYonit Halperin " [,image-compression=[auto_glz|auto_lz|quic|glz|lz|off]]\n" 98827af7788SYonit Halperin " [,jpeg-wan-compression=[auto|never|always]]\n" 98927af7788SYonit Halperin " [,zlib-glz-wan-compression=[auto|never|always]]\n" 99027af7788SYonit Halperin " [,streaming-video=[off|all|filter]][,disable-copy-paste]\n" 9915ad24e5fSHans de Goede " [,disable-agent-file-xfer][,agent-mouse=[on|off]]\n" 9925ad24e5fSHans de Goede " [,playback-compression=[on|off]][,seamless-migration=[on|off]]\n" 99327af7788SYonit Halperin " enable spice\n" 99427af7788SYonit Halperin " at least one of {port, tls-port} is mandatory\n", 99527af7788SYonit Halperin QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 99629b0040bSGerd HoffmannSTEXI 99729b0040bSGerd Hoffmann@item -spice @var{option}[,@var{option}[,...]] 99829b0040bSGerd Hoffmann@findex -spice 99929b0040bSGerd HoffmannEnable the spice remote desktop protocol. Valid options are 100029b0040bSGerd Hoffmann 100129b0040bSGerd Hoffmann@table @option 100229b0040bSGerd Hoffmann 100329b0040bSGerd Hoffmann@item port=<nr> 1004c448e855SGerd HoffmannSet the TCP port spice is listening on for plaintext channels. 100529b0040bSGerd Hoffmann 1006333b0eebSGerd Hoffmann@item addr=<addr> 1007333b0eebSGerd HoffmannSet the IP address spice is listening on. Default is any address. 1008333b0eebSGerd Hoffmann 1009333b0eebSGerd Hoffmann@item ipv4 1010333b0eebSGerd Hoffmann@item ipv6 1011fe4831b1SMarc-André Lureau@item unix 1012333b0eebSGerd HoffmannForce using the specified IP version. 1013333b0eebSGerd Hoffmann 101429b0040bSGerd Hoffmann@item password=<secret> 101529b0040bSGerd HoffmannSet the password you need to authenticate. 101629b0040bSGerd Hoffmann 101748b3ed0aSMarc-André Lureau@item sasl 101848b3ed0aSMarc-André LureauRequire that the client use SASL to authenticate with the spice. 101948b3ed0aSMarc-André LureauThe exact choice of authentication method used is controlled from the 102048b3ed0aSMarc-André Lureausystem / user's SASL configuration file for the 'qemu' service. This 102148b3ed0aSMarc-André Lureauis typically found in /etc/sasl2/qemu.conf. If running QEMU as an 102248b3ed0aSMarc-André Lureauunprivileged user, an environment variable SASL_CONF_PATH can be used 102348b3ed0aSMarc-André Lureauto make it search alternate locations for the service config. 102448b3ed0aSMarc-André LureauWhile some SASL auth methods can also provide data encryption (eg GSSAPI), 102548b3ed0aSMarc-André Lureauit is recommended that SASL always be combined with the 'tls' and 102648b3ed0aSMarc-André Lureau'x509' settings to enable use of SSL and server certificates. This 102748b3ed0aSMarc-André Lureauensures a data encryption preventing compromise of authentication 102848b3ed0aSMarc-André Lureaucredentials. 102948b3ed0aSMarc-André Lureau 103029b0040bSGerd Hoffmann@item disable-ticketing 103129b0040bSGerd HoffmannAllow client connects without authentication. 103229b0040bSGerd Hoffmann 1033d4970b07SHans de Goede@item disable-copy-paste 1034d4970b07SHans de GoedeDisable copy paste between the client and the guest. 1035d4970b07SHans de Goede 10365ad24e5fSHans de Goede@item disable-agent-file-xfer 10375ad24e5fSHans de GoedeDisable spice-vdagent based file-xfer between the client and the guest. 10385ad24e5fSHans de Goede 1039c448e855SGerd Hoffmann@item tls-port=<nr> 1040c448e855SGerd HoffmannSet the TCP port spice is listening on for encrypted channels. 1041c448e855SGerd Hoffmann 1042c448e855SGerd Hoffmann@item x509-dir=<dir> 1043c448e855SGerd HoffmannSet the x509 file directory. Expects same filenames as -vnc $display,x509=$dir 1044c448e855SGerd Hoffmann 1045c448e855SGerd Hoffmann@item x509-key-file=<file> 1046c448e855SGerd Hoffmann@item x509-key-password=<file> 1047c448e855SGerd Hoffmann@item x509-cert-file=<file> 1048c448e855SGerd Hoffmann@item x509-cacert-file=<file> 1049c448e855SGerd Hoffmann@item x509-dh-key-file=<file> 1050c448e855SGerd HoffmannThe x509 file names can also be configured individually. 1051c448e855SGerd Hoffmann 1052c448e855SGerd Hoffmann@item tls-ciphers=<list> 1053c448e855SGerd HoffmannSpecify which ciphers to use. 1054c448e855SGerd Hoffmann 1055d70d6b31SAlon Levy@item tls-channel=[main|display|cursor|inputs|record|playback] 1056d70d6b31SAlon Levy@item plaintext-channel=[main|display|cursor|inputs|record|playback] 105717b6dea0SGerd HoffmannForce specific channel to be used with or without TLS encryption. The 105817b6dea0SGerd Hoffmannoptions can be specified multiple times to configure multiple 105917b6dea0SGerd Hoffmannchannels. The special name "default" can be used to set the default 106017b6dea0SGerd Hoffmannmode. For channels which are not explicitly forced into one mode the 106117b6dea0SGerd Hoffmannspice client is allowed to pick tls/plaintext as he pleases. 106217b6dea0SGerd Hoffmann 10639f04e09eSYonit Halperin@item image-compression=[auto_glz|auto_lz|quic|glz|lz|off] 10649f04e09eSYonit HalperinConfigure image compression (lossless). 10659f04e09eSYonit HalperinDefault is auto_glz. 10669f04e09eSYonit Halperin 10679f04e09eSYonit Halperin@item jpeg-wan-compression=[auto|never|always] 10689f04e09eSYonit Halperin@item zlib-glz-wan-compression=[auto|never|always] 10699f04e09eSYonit HalperinConfigure wan image compression (lossy for slow links). 10709f04e09eSYonit HalperinDefault is auto. 10719f04e09eSYonit Halperin 107284a23f25SGerd Hoffmann@item streaming-video=[off|all|filter] 107384a23f25SGerd HoffmannConfigure video stream detection. Default is filter. 107484a23f25SGerd Hoffmann 107584a23f25SGerd Hoffmann@item agent-mouse=[on|off] 107684a23f25SGerd HoffmannEnable/disable passing mouse events via vdagent. Default is on. 107784a23f25SGerd Hoffmann 107884a23f25SGerd Hoffmann@item playback-compression=[on|off] 107984a23f25SGerd HoffmannEnable/disable audio stream compression (using celt 0.5.1). Default is on. 108084a23f25SGerd Hoffmann 10818c957053SYonit Halperin@item seamless-migration=[on|off] 10828c957053SYonit HalperinEnable/disable spice seamless migration. Default is off. 10838c957053SYonit Halperin 108429b0040bSGerd Hoffmann@end table 108529b0040bSGerd HoffmannETEXI 108629b0040bSGerd Hoffmann 10875824d651Sblueswir1DEF("portrait", 0, QEMU_OPTION_portrait, 1088ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-portrait rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD)\n", 1089ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 10905824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 10915824d651Sblueswir1@item -portrait 10926616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -portrait 10935824d651Sblueswir1Rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD). 10945824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 10955824d651Sblueswir1 10969312805dSVasily KhoruzhickDEF("rotate", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_rotate, 10979312805dSVasily Khoruzhick "-rotate <deg> rotate graphical output some deg left (only PXA LCD)\n", 10989312805dSVasily Khoruzhick QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 10999312805dSVasily KhoruzhickSTEXI 11006265c43bSMarkus Armbruster@item -rotate @var{deg} 11019312805dSVasily Khoruzhick@findex -rotate 11029312805dSVasily KhoruzhickRotate graphical output some deg left (only PXA LCD). 11039312805dSVasily KhoruzhickETEXI 11049312805dSVasily Khoruzhick 11055824d651Sblueswir1DEF("vga", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_vga, 110633632788SMark Cave-Ayland "-vga [std|cirrus|vmware|qxl|xenfb|tcx|cg3|none]\n" 1107ad96090aSBlue Swirl " select video card type\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 11085824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 1109e4558dcaSmalc@item -vga @var{type} 11106616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -vga 11115824d651Sblueswir1Select type of VGA card to emulate. Valid values for @var{type} are 1112b3f046c2SKevin Wolf@table @option 11135824d651Sblueswir1@item cirrus 11145824d651Sblueswir1Cirrus Logic GD5446 Video card. All Windows versions starting from 11155824d651Sblueswir1Windows 95 should recognize and use this graphic card. For optimal 11165824d651Sblueswir1performances, use 16 bit color depth in the guest and the host OS. 11175824d651Sblueswir1(This one is the default) 11185824d651Sblueswir1@item std 11195824d651Sblueswir1Standard VGA card with Bochs VBE extensions. If your guest OS 11205824d651Sblueswir1supports the VESA 2.0 VBE extensions (e.g. Windows XP) and if you want 11215824d651Sblueswir1to use high resolution modes (>= 1280x1024x16) then you should use 11225824d651Sblueswir1this option. 11235824d651Sblueswir1@item vmware 11245824d651Sblueswir1VMWare SVGA-II compatible adapter. Use it if you have sufficiently 11255824d651Sblueswir1recent XFree86/XOrg server or Windows guest with a driver for this 11265824d651Sblueswir1card. 1127a19cbfb3SGerd Hoffmann@item qxl 1128a19cbfb3SGerd HoffmannQXL paravirtual graphic card. It is VGA compatible (including VESA 1129a19cbfb3SGerd Hoffmann2.0 VBE support). Works best with qxl guest drivers installed though. 1130a19cbfb3SGerd HoffmannRecommended choice when using the spice protocol. 113133632788SMark Cave-Ayland@item tcx 113233632788SMark Cave-Ayland(sun4m only) Sun TCX framebuffer. This is the default framebuffer for 113333632788SMark Cave-Aylandsun4m machines and offers both 8-bit and 24-bit colour depths at a 113433632788SMark Cave-Aylandfixed resolution of 1024x768. 113533632788SMark Cave-Ayland@item cg3 113633632788SMark Cave-Ayland(sun4m only) Sun cgthree framebuffer. This is a simple 8-bit framebuffer 113733632788SMark Cave-Aylandfor sun4m machines available in both 1024x768 (OpenBIOS) and 1152x900 (OBP) 113833632788SMark Cave-Aylandresolutions aimed at people wishing to run older Solaris versions. 11395824d651Sblueswir1@item none 11405824d651Sblueswir1Disable VGA card. 11415824d651Sblueswir1@end table 11425824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 11435824d651Sblueswir1 11445824d651Sblueswir1DEF("full-screen", 0, QEMU_OPTION_full_screen, 1145ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-full-screen start in full screen\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 11465824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 11475824d651Sblueswir1@item -full-screen 11486616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -full-screen 11495824d651Sblueswir1Start in full screen. 11505824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 11515824d651Sblueswir1 11525824d651Sblueswir1DEF("g", 1, QEMU_OPTION_g , 1153ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-g WxH[xDEPTH] Set the initial graphical resolution and depth\n", 1154ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_PPC | QEMU_ARCH_SPARC) 11555824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 115695d5f08bSStefan Weil@item -g @var{width}x@var{height}[x@var{depth}] 11576616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -g 115895d5f08bSStefan WeilSet the initial graphical resolution and depth (PPC, SPARC only). 11595824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 11605824d651Sblueswir1 11615824d651Sblueswir1DEF("vnc", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_vnc , 1162ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-vnc display start a VNC server on display\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 11635824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 11645824d651Sblueswir1@item -vnc @var{display}[,@var{option}[,@var{option}[,...]]] 11656616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -vnc 11665824d651Sblueswir1Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option, 11675824d651Sblueswir1you can have QEMU listen on VNC display @var{display} and redirect the VGA 11685824d651Sblueswir1display over the VNC session. It is very useful to enable the usb 11695824d651Sblueswir1tablet device when using this option (option @option{-usbdevice 11705824d651Sblueswir1tablet}). When using the VNC display, you must use the @option{-k} 11715824d651Sblueswir1parameter to set the keyboard layout if you are not using en-us. Valid 11725824d651Sblueswir1syntax for the @var{display} is 11735824d651Sblueswir1 1174b3f046c2SKevin Wolf@table @option 11755824d651Sblueswir1 11765824d651Sblueswir1@item @var{host}:@var{d} 11775824d651Sblueswir1 11785824d651Sblueswir1TCP connections will only be allowed from @var{host} on display @var{d}. 11795824d651Sblueswir1By convention the TCP port is 5900+@var{d}. Optionally, @var{host} can 11805824d651Sblueswir1be omitted in which case the server will accept connections from any host. 11815824d651Sblueswir1 11824e257e5eSKevin Wolf@item unix:@var{path} 11835824d651Sblueswir1 11845824d651Sblueswir1Connections will be allowed over UNIX domain sockets where @var{path} is the 11855824d651Sblueswir1location of a unix socket to listen for connections on. 11865824d651Sblueswir1 11875824d651Sblueswir1@item none 11885824d651Sblueswir1 11895824d651Sblueswir1VNC is initialized but not started. The monitor @code{change} command 11905824d651Sblueswir1can be used to later start the VNC server. 11915824d651Sblueswir1 11925824d651Sblueswir1@end table 11935824d651Sblueswir1 11945824d651Sblueswir1Following the @var{display} value there may be one or more @var{option} flags 11955824d651Sblueswir1separated by commas. Valid options are 11965824d651Sblueswir1 1197b3f046c2SKevin Wolf@table @option 11985824d651Sblueswir1 11995824d651Sblueswir1@item reverse 12005824d651Sblueswir1 12015824d651Sblueswir1Connect to a listening VNC client via a ``reverse'' connection. The 12025824d651Sblueswir1client is specified by the @var{display}. For reverse network 12035824d651Sblueswir1connections (@var{host}:@var{d},@code{reverse}), the @var{d} argument 12045824d651Sblueswir1is a TCP port number, not a display number. 12055824d651Sblueswir1 12067536ee4bSTim Hardeck@item websocket 12077536ee4bSTim Hardeck 12087536ee4bSTim HardeckOpens an additional TCP listening port dedicated to VNC Websocket connections. 1209085d8134SPeter MaydellBy definition the Websocket port is 5700+@var{display}. If @var{host} is 12107536ee4bSTim Hardeckspecified connections will only be allowed from this host. 12117536ee4bSTim HardeckAs an alternative the Websocket port could be specified by using 12127536ee4bSTim Hardeck@code{websocket}=@var{port}. 12130057a0d5STim HardeckTLS encryption for the Websocket connection is supported if the required 12140057a0d5STim Hardeckcertificates are specified with the VNC option @option{x509}. 12157536ee4bSTim Hardeck 12165824d651Sblueswir1@item password 12175824d651Sblueswir1 12185824d651Sblueswir1Require that password based authentication is used for client connections. 121986ee5bc3SMichal Novotny 122086ee5bc3SMichal NovotnyThe password must be set separately using the @code{set_password} command in 122186ee5bc3SMichal Novotnythe @ref{pcsys_monitor}. The syntax to change your password is: 122286ee5bc3SMichal Novotny@code{set_password <protocol> <password>} where <protocol> could be either 122386ee5bc3SMichal Novotny"vnc" or "spice". 122486ee5bc3SMichal Novotny 122586ee5bc3SMichal NovotnyIf you would like to change <protocol> password expiration, you should use 122686ee5bc3SMichal Novotny@code{expire_password <protocol> <expiration-time>} where expiration time could 122786ee5bc3SMichal Novotnybe one of the following options: now, never, +seconds or UNIX time of 122886ee5bc3SMichal Novotnyexpiration, e.g. +60 to make password expire in 60 seconds, or 1335196800 122986ee5bc3SMichal Novotnyto make password expire on "Mon Apr 23 12:00:00 EDT 2012" (UNIX time for this 123086ee5bc3SMichal Novotnydate and time). 123186ee5bc3SMichal Novotny 123286ee5bc3SMichal NovotnyYou can also use keywords "now" or "never" for the expiration time to 123386ee5bc3SMichal Novotnyallow <protocol> password to expire immediately or never expire. 12345824d651Sblueswir1 12355824d651Sblueswir1@item tls 12365824d651Sblueswir1 12375824d651Sblueswir1Require that client use TLS when communicating with the VNC server. This 12385824d651Sblueswir1uses anonymous TLS credentials so is susceptible to a man-in-the-middle 12395824d651Sblueswir1attack. It is recommended that this option be combined with either the 12404e257e5eSKevin Wolf@option{x509} or @option{x509verify} options. 12415824d651Sblueswir1 12425824d651Sblueswir1@item x509=@var{/path/to/certificate/dir} 12435824d651Sblueswir1 12445824d651Sblueswir1Valid if @option{tls} is specified. Require that x509 credentials are used 12455824d651Sblueswir1for negotiating the TLS session. The server will send its x509 certificate 12465824d651Sblueswir1to the client. It is recommended that a password be set on the VNC server 12475824d651Sblueswir1to provide authentication of the client when this is used. The path following 12485824d651Sblueswir1this option specifies where the x509 certificates are to be loaded from. 12495824d651Sblueswir1See the @ref{vnc_security} section for details on generating certificates. 12505824d651Sblueswir1 12515824d651Sblueswir1@item x509verify=@var{/path/to/certificate/dir} 12525824d651Sblueswir1 12535824d651Sblueswir1Valid if @option{tls} is specified. Require that x509 credentials are used 12545824d651Sblueswir1for negotiating the TLS session. The server will send its x509 certificate 12555824d651Sblueswir1to the client, and request that the client send its own x509 certificate. 12565824d651Sblueswir1The server will validate the client's certificate against the CA certificate, 12575824d651Sblueswir1and reject clients when validation fails. If the certificate authority is 12585824d651Sblueswir1trusted, this is a sufficient authentication mechanism. You may still wish 12595824d651Sblueswir1to set a password on the VNC server as a second authentication layer. The 12605824d651Sblueswir1path following this option specifies where the x509 certificates are to 12615824d651Sblueswir1be loaded from. See the @ref{vnc_security} section for details on generating 12625824d651Sblueswir1certificates. 12635824d651Sblueswir1 12645824d651Sblueswir1@item sasl 12655824d651Sblueswir1 12665824d651Sblueswir1Require that the client use SASL to authenticate with the VNC server. 12675824d651Sblueswir1The exact choice of authentication method used is controlled from the 12685824d651Sblueswir1system / user's SASL configuration file for the 'qemu' service. This 12695824d651Sblueswir1is typically found in /etc/sasl2/qemu.conf. If running QEMU as an 12705824d651Sblueswir1unprivileged user, an environment variable SASL_CONF_PATH can be used 12715824d651Sblueswir1to make it search alternate locations for the service config. 12725824d651Sblueswir1While some SASL auth methods can also provide data encryption (eg GSSAPI), 12735824d651Sblueswir1it is recommended that SASL always be combined with the 'tls' and 12745824d651Sblueswir1'x509' settings to enable use of SSL and server certificates. This 12755824d651Sblueswir1ensures a data encryption preventing compromise of authentication 12765824d651Sblueswir1credentials. See the @ref{vnc_security} section for details on using 12775824d651Sblueswir1SASL authentication. 12785824d651Sblueswir1 12795824d651Sblueswir1@item acl 12805824d651Sblueswir1 12815824d651Sblueswir1Turn on access control lists for checking of the x509 client certificate 12825824d651Sblueswir1and SASL party. For x509 certs, the ACL check is made against the 12835824d651Sblueswir1certificate's distinguished name. This is something that looks like 12845824d651Sblueswir1@code{C=GB,O=ACME,L=Boston,CN=bob}. For SASL party, the ACL check is 12855824d651Sblueswir1made against the username, which depending on the SASL plugin, may 12865824d651Sblueswir1include a realm component, eg @code{bob} or @code{bob@@EXAMPLE.COM}. 12875824d651Sblueswir1When the @option{acl} flag is set, the initial access list will be 12885824d651Sblueswir1empty, with a @code{deny} policy. Thus no one will be allowed to 12895824d651Sblueswir1use the VNC server until the ACLs have been loaded. This can be 12905824d651Sblueswir1achieved using the @code{acl} monitor command. 12915824d651Sblueswir1 12926f9c78c1SCorentin Chary@item lossy 12936f9c78c1SCorentin Chary 12946f9c78c1SCorentin CharyEnable lossy compression methods (gradient, JPEG, ...). If this 12956f9c78c1SCorentin Charyoption is set, VNC client may receive lossy framebuffer updates 12966f9c78c1SCorentin Charydepending on its encoding settings. Enabling this option can save 12976f9c78c1SCorentin Charya lot of bandwidth at the expense of quality. 12986f9c78c1SCorentin Chary 129980e0c8c3SCorentin Chary@item non-adaptive 130080e0c8c3SCorentin Chary 130180e0c8c3SCorentin CharyDisable adaptive encodings. Adaptive encodings are enabled by default. 130280e0c8c3SCorentin CharyAn adaptive encoding will try to detect frequently updated screen regions, 130380e0c8c3SCorentin Charyand send updates in these regions using a lossy encoding (like JPEG). 130461cc8701SStefan WeilThis can be really helpful to save bandwidth when playing videos. Disabling 13059d85d557SMichael Tokarevadaptive encodings restores the original static behavior of encodings 130680e0c8c3SCorentin Charylike Tight. 130780e0c8c3SCorentin Chary 13088cf36489SGerd Hoffmann@item share=[allow-exclusive|force-shared|ignore] 13098cf36489SGerd Hoffmann 13108cf36489SGerd HoffmannSet display sharing policy. 'allow-exclusive' allows clients to ask 13118cf36489SGerd Hoffmannfor exclusive access. As suggested by the rfb spec this is 13128cf36489SGerd Hoffmannimplemented by dropping other connections. Connecting multiple 13138cf36489SGerd Hoffmannclients in parallel requires all clients asking for a shared session 13148cf36489SGerd Hoffmann(vncviewer: -shared switch). This is the default. 'force-shared' 13158cf36489SGerd Hoffmanndisables exclusive client access. Useful for shared desktop sessions, 13168cf36489SGerd Hoffmannwhere you don't want someone forgetting specify -shared disconnect 13178cf36489SGerd Hoffmanneverybody else. 'ignore' completely ignores the shared flag and 13188cf36489SGerd Hoffmannallows everybody connect unconditionally. Doesn't conform to the rfb 1319b65ee4faSStefan Weilspec but is traditional QEMU behavior. 13208cf36489SGerd Hoffmann 13215824d651Sblueswir1@end table 13225824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 13235824d651Sblueswir1 13245824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 13255824d651Sblueswir1@end table 13265824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 1327a3adb7adSMichael EllermanARCHHEADING(, QEMU_ARCH_I386) 13285824d651Sblueswir1 1329a3adb7adSMichael EllermanARCHHEADING(i386 target only:, QEMU_ARCH_I386) 13305824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 13315824d651Sblueswir1@table @option 13325824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 13335824d651Sblueswir1 13345824d651Sblueswir1DEF("win2k-hack", 0, QEMU_OPTION_win2k_hack, 1335ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-win2k-hack use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug\n", 1336ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_I386) 13375824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 13385824d651Sblueswir1@item -win2k-hack 13396616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -win2k-hack 13405824d651Sblueswir1Use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug. After 13415824d651Sblueswir1Windows 2000 is installed, you no longer need this option (this option 13425824d651Sblueswir1slows down the IDE transfers). 13435824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 13445824d651Sblueswir1 13451ed2fc1fSJan KiszkaHXCOMM Deprecated by -rtc 1346ad96090aSBlue SwirlDEF("rtc-td-hack", 0, QEMU_OPTION_rtc_td_hack, "", QEMU_ARCH_I386) 13475824d651Sblueswir1 13485824d651Sblueswir1DEF("no-fd-bootchk", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_fd_bootchk, 1349ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-no-fd-bootchk disable boot signature checking for floppy disks\n", 1350ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_I386) 13515824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 13525824d651Sblueswir1@item -no-fd-bootchk 13536616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -no-fd-bootchk 13544eda32f5SMarkus ArmbrusterDisable boot signature checking for floppy disks in BIOS. May 13555824d651Sblueswir1be needed to boot from old floppy disks. 13565824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 13575824d651Sblueswir1 13585824d651Sblueswir1DEF("no-acpi", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_acpi, 1359f5d8c8cdSShannon Zhao "-no-acpi disable ACPI\n", QEMU_ARCH_I386 | QEMU_ARCH_ARM) 13605824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 13615824d651Sblueswir1@item -no-acpi 13626616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -no-acpi 13635824d651Sblueswir1Disable ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) support. Use 13645824d651Sblueswir1it if your guest OS complains about ACPI problems (PC target machine 13655824d651Sblueswir1only). 13665824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 13675824d651Sblueswir1 13685824d651Sblueswir1DEF("no-hpet", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_hpet, 1369ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-no-hpet disable HPET\n", QEMU_ARCH_I386) 13705824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 13715824d651Sblueswir1@item -no-hpet 13726616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -no-hpet 13735824d651Sblueswir1Disable HPET support. 13745824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 13755824d651Sblueswir1 13765824d651Sblueswir1DEF("acpitable", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_acpitable, 1377104bf02eSMichael Tokarev "-acpitable [sig=str][,rev=n][,oem_id=str][,oem_table_id=str][,oem_rev=n][,asl_compiler_id=str][,asl_compiler_rev=n][,{data|file}=file1[:file2]...]\n" 1378ad96090aSBlue Swirl " ACPI table description\n", QEMU_ARCH_I386) 13795824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 13805824d651Sblueswir1@item -acpitable [sig=@var{str}][,rev=@var{n}][,oem_id=@var{str}][,oem_table_id=@var{str}][,oem_rev=@var{n}] [,asl_compiler_id=@var{str}][,asl_compiler_rev=@var{n}][,data=@var{file1}[:@var{file2}]...] 13816616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -acpitable 13825824d651Sblueswir1Add ACPI table with specified header fields and context from specified files. 1383104bf02eSMichael TokarevFor file=, take whole ACPI table from the specified files, including all 1384104bf02eSMichael TokarevACPI headers (possible overridden by other options). 1385104bf02eSMichael TokarevFor data=, only data 1386104bf02eSMichael Tokarevportion of the table is used, all header information is specified in the 1387104bf02eSMichael Tokarevcommand line. 13885824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 13895824d651Sblueswir1 1390b6f6e3d3SaliguoriDEF("smbios", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smbios, 1391b6f6e3d3Saliguori "-smbios file=binary\n" 1392ca1a8a06SBruce Rogers " load SMBIOS entry from binary file\n" 1393b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo "-smbios type=0[,vendor=str][,version=str][,date=str][,release=%d.%d]\n" 1394b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo " [,uefi=on|off]\n" 1395ca1a8a06SBruce Rogers " specify SMBIOS type 0 fields\n" 1396b6f6e3d3Saliguori "-smbios type=1[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]\n" 1397b6f6e3d3Saliguori " [,uuid=uuid][,sku=str][,family=str]\n" 1398b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo " specify SMBIOS type 1 fields\n" 1399b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo "-smbios type=2[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]\n" 1400b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo " [,asset=str][,location=str]\n" 1401b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo " specify SMBIOS type 2 fields\n" 1402b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo "-smbios type=3[,manufacturer=str][,version=str][,serial=str][,asset=str]\n" 1403b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo " [,sku=str]\n" 1404b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo " specify SMBIOS type 3 fields\n" 1405b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo "-smbios type=4[,sock_pfx=str][,manufacturer=str][,version=str][,serial=str]\n" 1406b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo " [,asset=str][,part=str]\n" 1407b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo " specify SMBIOS type 4 fields\n" 1408b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo "-smbios type=17[,loc_pfx=str][,bank=str][,manufacturer=str][,serial=str]\n" 14093ebd6cc8SGabriel L. Somlo " [,asset=str][,part=str][,speed=%d]\n" 1410b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo " specify SMBIOS type 17 fields\n", 1411b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo QEMU_ARCH_I386) 1412b6f6e3d3SaliguoriSTEXI 1413b6f6e3d3Saliguori@item -smbios file=@var{binary} 14146616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -smbios 1415b6f6e3d3SaliguoriLoad SMBIOS entry from binary file. 1416b6f6e3d3Saliguori 141784351843SGabriel L. Somlo@item -smbios type=0[,vendor=@var{str}][,version=@var{str}][,date=@var{str}][,release=@var{%d.%d}][,uefi=on|off] 1418b6f6e3d3SaliguoriSpecify SMBIOS type 0 fields 1419b6f6e3d3Saliguori 1420b6f6e3d3Saliguori@item -smbios type=1[,manufacturer=@var{str}][,product=@var{str}][,version=@var{str}][,serial=@var{str}][,uuid=@var{uuid}][,sku=@var{str}][,family=@var{str}] 1421b6f6e3d3SaliguoriSpecify SMBIOS type 1 fields 1422b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo 1423b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo@item -smbios type=2[,manufacturer=@var{str}][,product=@var{str}][,version=@var{str}][,serial=@var{str}][,asset=@var{str}][,location=@var{str}][,family=@var{str}] 1424b155eb1dSGabriel L. SomloSpecify SMBIOS type 2 fields 1425b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo 1426b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo@item -smbios type=3[,manufacturer=@var{str}][,version=@var{str}][,serial=@var{str}][,asset=@var{str}][,sku=@var{str}] 1427b155eb1dSGabriel L. SomloSpecify SMBIOS type 3 fields 1428b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo 1429b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo@item -smbios type=4[,sock_pfx=@var{str}][,manufacturer=@var{str}][,version=@var{str}][,serial=@var{str}][,asset=@var{str}][,part=@var{str}] 1430b155eb1dSGabriel L. SomloSpecify SMBIOS type 4 fields 1431b155eb1dSGabriel L. Somlo 14323ebd6cc8SGabriel L. Somlo@item -smbios type=17[,loc_pfx=@var{str}][,bank=@var{str}][,manufacturer=@var{str}][,serial=@var{str}][,asset=@var{str}][,part=@var{str}][,speed=@var{%d}] 1433b155eb1dSGabriel L. SomloSpecify SMBIOS type 17 fields 1434b6f6e3d3SaliguoriETEXI 1435b6f6e3d3Saliguori 14365824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 14375824d651Sblueswir1@end table 14385824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 1439c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterDEFHEADING() 14405824d651Sblueswir1 14415824d651Sblueswir1DEFHEADING(Network options:) 14425824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 14435824d651Sblueswir1@table @option 14445824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 14455824d651Sblueswir1 1446ad196a9dSJan KiszkaHXCOMM Legacy slirp options (now moved to -net user): 1447ad196a9dSJan Kiszka#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP 1448ad96090aSBlue SwirlDEF("tftp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_tftp, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 1449ad96090aSBlue SwirlDEF("bootp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bootp, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 1450ad96090aSBlue SwirlDEF("redir", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_redir, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 1451ad196a9dSJan Kiszka#ifndef _WIN32 1452ad96090aSBlue SwirlDEF("smb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smb, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 1453ad196a9dSJan Kiszka#endif 1454ad196a9dSJan Kiszka#endif 1455ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 14566a8b4a5bSThomas HuthDEF("netdev", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_netdev, 14575824d651Sblueswir1#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP 14586a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev user,id=str[,net=addr[/mask]][,host=addr][,restrict=on|off]\n" 145963d2960bSKlaus Stengel " [,hostname=host][,dhcpstart=addr][,dns=addr][,dnssearch=domain][,tftp=dir]\n" 146063d2960bSKlaus Stengel " [,bootfile=f][,hostfwd=rule][,guestfwd=rule]" 1461ad196a9dSJan Kiszka#ifndef _WIN32 1462c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka "[,smb=dir[,smbserver=addr]]\n" 1463ad196a9dSJan Kiszka#endif 14646a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a user mode network backend with ID 'str',\n" 14656a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " its DHCP server and optional services\n" 14665824d651Sblueswir1#endif 14675824d651Sblueswir1#ifdef _WIN32 14686a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev tap,id=str,ifname=name\n" 14696a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a host TAP network backend with ID 'str'\n" 14705824d651Sblueswir1#else 14716a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev tap,id=str[,fd=h][,fds=x:y:...:z][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile]\n" 14726a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " [,helper=helper][,sndbuf=nbytes][,vnet_hdr=on|off][,vhost=on|off]\n" 14736a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " [,vhostfd=h][,vhostfds=x:y:...:z][,vhostforce=on|off][,queues=n]\n" 14746a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a host TAP network backend with ID 'str'\n" 1475a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant " use network scripts 'file' (default=" DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT ")\n" 1476a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant " to configure it and 'dfile' (default=" DEFAULT_NETWORK_DOWN_SCRIPT ")\n" 1477a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant " to deconfigure it\n" 1478ca1a8a06SBruce Rogers " use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution\n" 1479a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant " use network helper 'helper' (default=" DEFAULT_BRIDGE_HELPER ") to\n" 1480a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant " configure it\n" 14815824d651Sblueswir1 " use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface\n" 14822ca81baaSJason Wang " use 'fds=x:y:...:z' to connect to already opened multiqueue capable TAP interfaces\n" 1483ca1a8a06SBruce Rogers " use 'sndbuf=nbytes' to limit the size of the send buffer (the\n" 1484f157ed20SMichael S. Tsirkin " default is disabled 'sndbuf=0' to enable flow control set 'sndbuf=1048576')\n" 1485ca1a8a06SBruce Rogers " use vnet_hdr=off to avoid enabling the IFF_VNET_HDR tap flag\n" 1486ca1a8a06SBruce Rogers " use vnet_hdr=on to make the lack of IFF_VNET_HDR support an error condition\n" 148782b0d80eSMichael S. Tsirkin " use vhost=on to enable experimental in kernel accelerator\n" 14885430a28fSmst@redhat.com " (only has effect for virtio guests which use MSIX)\n" 14895430a28fSmst@redhat.com " use vhostforce=on to force vhost on for non-MSIX virtio guests\n" 149082b0d80eSMichael S. Tsirkin " use 'vhostfd=h' to connect to an already opened vhost net device\n" 14912ca81baaSJason Wang " use 'vhostfds=x:y:...:z to connect to multiple already opened vhost net devices\n" 1492ec396014SJason Wang " use 'queues=n' to specify the number of queues to be created for multiqueue TAP\n" 14936a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev bridge,id=str[,br=bridge][,helper=helper]\n" 14946a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a host TAP network backend with ID 'str' that is\n" 14956a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " connected to a bridge (default=" DEFAULT_BRIDGE_INTERFACE ")\n" 14966a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " using the program 'helper (default=" DEFAULT_BRIDGE_HELPER ")\n" 14970df0ff6dSMark McLoughlin#endif 14983fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov#ifdef __linux__ 14996a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev l2tpv3,id=str,src=srcaddr,dst=dstaddr[,srcport=srcport][,dstport=dstport]\n" 15006a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " [,rxsession=rxsession],txsession=txsession[,ipv6=on/off][,udp=on/off]\n" 15016a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " [,cookie64=on/off][,counter][,pincounter][,txcookie=txcookie]\n" 15026a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " [,rxcookie=rxcookie][,offset=offset]\n" 15036a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a network backend with ID 'str' connected to\n" 15046a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " an Ethernet over L2TPv3 pseudowire.\n" 15053fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " Linux kernel 3.3+ as well as most routers can talk\n" 15062f47b403SMichael Tokarev " L2TPv3. This transport allows connecting a VM to a VM,\n" 15073fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " VM to a router and even VM to Host. It is a nearly-universal\n" 15083fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " standard (RFC3391). Note - this implementation uses static\n" 15093fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " pre-configured tunnels (same as the Linux kernel).\n" 15103fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'src=' to specify source address\n" 15113fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'dst=' to specify destination address\n" 15123fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'udp=on' to specify udp encapsulation\n" 15133952651aSGonglei " use 'srcport=' to specify source udp port\n" 15143fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'dstport=' to specify destination udp port\n" 15153fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'ipv6=on' to force v6\n" 15163fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " L2TPv3 uses cookies to prevent misconfiguration as\n" 15173fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " well as a weak security measure\n" 15183fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'rxcookie=0x012345678' to specify a rxcookie\n" 15193fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'txcookie=0x012345678' to specify a txcookie\n" 15203fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'cookie64=on' to set cookie size to 64 bit, otherwise 32\n" 15213fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'counter=off' to force a 'cut-down' L2TPv3 with no counter\n" 15223fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'pincounter=on' to work around broken counter handling in peer\n" 15233fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov " use 'offset=X' to add an extra offset between header and data\n" 15243fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov#endif 15256a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev socket,id=str[,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port]\n" 15266a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a network backend to connect to another network\n" 15276a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " using a socket connection\n" 15286a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev socket,id=str[,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port[,localaddr=addr]]\n" 15296a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a network backend to connect to a multicast maddr and port\n" 15303a75e74cSMike Ryan " use 'localaddr=addr' to specify the host address to send packets from\n" 15316a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev socket,id=str[,fd=h][,udp=host:port][,localaddr=host:port]\n" 15326a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a network backend to connect to another network\n" 15336a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " using an UDP tunnel\n" 15345824d651Sblueswir1#ifdef CONFIG_VDE 15356a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev vde,id=str[,sock=socketpath][,port=n][,group=groupname][,mode=octalmode]\n" 15366a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a network backend to connect to port 'n' of a vde switch\n" 15376a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " running on host and listening for incoming connections on 'socketpath'.\n" 15385824d651Sblueswir1 " Use group 'groupname' and mode 'octalmode' to change default\n" 15395824d651Sblueswir1 " ownership and permissions for communication port.\n" 15405824d651Sblueswir1#endif 154158952137SVincenzo Maffione#ifdef CONFIG_NETMAP 15426a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev netmap,id=str,ifname=name[,devname=nmname]\n" 154358952137SVincenzo Maffione " attach to the existing netmap-enabled network interface 'name', or to a\n" 154458952137SVincenzo Maffione " VALE port (created on the fly) called 'name' ('nmname' is name of the \n" 154558952137SVincenzo Maffione " netmap device, defaults to '/dev/netmap')\n" 154658952137SVincenzo Maffione#endif 15476a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev vhost-user,id=str,chardev=dev[,vhostforce=on|off]\n" 15486a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a vhost-user network, backed by a chardev 'dev'\n" 15496a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-netdev hubport,id=str,hubid=n\n" 15506a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " configure a hub port on QEMU VLAN 'n'\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 15516a8b4a5bSThomas HuthDEF("net", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_net, 15526a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-net nic[,vlan=n][,macaddr=mac][,model=type][,name=str][,addr=str][,vectors=v]\n" 15536a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " old way to create a new NIC and connect it to VLAN 'n'\n" 15546a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " (use the '-device devtype,netdev=str' option if possible instead)\n" 1555bb9ea79eSaliguori "-net dump[,vlan=n][,file=f][,len=n]\n" 1556bb9ea79eSaliguori " dump traffic on vlan 'n' to file 'f' (max n bytes per packet)\n" 1557ca1a8a06SBruce Rogers "-net none use it alone to have zero network devices. If no -net option\n" 15586a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " is provided, the default is '-net nic -net user'\n" 15596a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "-net [" 1560a1ea458fSMark McLoughlin#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP 1561a1ea458fSMark McLoughlin "user|" 1562a1ea458fSMark McLoughlin#endif 1563a1ea458fSMark McLoughlin "tap|" 1564a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant "bridge|" 1565a1ea458fSMark McLoughlin#ifdef CONFIG_VDE 1566a1ea458fSMark McLoughlin "vde|" 1567a1ea458fSMark McLoughlin#endif 156858952137SVincenzo Maffione#ifdef CONFIG_NETMAP 156958952137SVincenzo Maffione "netmap|" 157058952137SVincenzo Maffione#endif 15716a8b4a5bSThomas Huth "socket][,vlan=n][,option][,option][,...]\n" 15726a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " old way to initialize a host network interface\n" 15736a8b4a5bSThomas Huth " (use the -netdev option if possible instead)\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 15745824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 1575ffe6370cSMichael S. Tsirkin@item -net nic[,vlan=@var{n}][,macaddr=@var{mac}][,model=@var{type}] [,name=@var{name}][,addr=@var{addr}][,vectors=@var{v}] 15766616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -net 15775824d651Sblueswir1Create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN @var{n} (@var{n} 15780d6b0b1dSAnthony Liguori= 0 is the default). The NIC is an e1000 by default on the PC 15795607c388SMarkus Armbrustertarget. Optionally, the MAC address can be changed to @var{mac}, the 15805607c388SMarkus Armbrusterdevice address set to @var{addr} (PCI cards only), 1581ffe6370cSMichael S. Tsirkinand a @var{name} can be assigned for use in monitor commands. 1582ffe6370cSMichael S. TsirkinOptionally, for PCI cards, you can specify the number @var{v} of MSI-X vectors 1583ffe6370cSMichael S. Tsirkinthat the card should have; this option currently only affects virtio cards; set 1584ffe6370cSMichael S. Tsirkin@var{v} = 0 to disable MSI-X. If no @option{-net} option is specified, a single 1585071c9394SStefan WeilNIC is created. QEMU can emulate several different models of network card. 15865824d651Sblueswir1Valid values for @var{type} are 1587ffe6370cSMichael S. Tsirkin@code{virtio}, @code{i82551}, @code{i82557b}, @code{i82559er}, 15885824d651Sblueswir1@code{ne2k_pci}, @code{ne2k_isa}, @code{pcnet}, @code{rtl8139}, 15895824d651Sblueswir1@code{e1000}, @code{smc91c111}, @code{lance} and @code{mcf_fec}. 1590585f6036SPeter MaydellNot all devices are supported on all targets. Use @code{-net nic,model=help} 15915824d651Sblueswir1for a list of available devices for your target. 15925824d651Sblueswir1 159308d12022SStefan Hajnoczi@item -netdev user,id=@var{id}[,@var{option}][,@var{option}][,...] 1594b8f490ebSMarkus Armbruster@findex -netdev 1595ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@item -net user[,@var{option}][,@var{option}][,...] 15965824d651Sblueswir1Use the user mode network stack which requires no administrator 1597ad196a9dSJan Kiszkaprivilege to run. Valid options are: 15985824d651Sblueswir1 1599b3f046c2SKevin Wolf@table @option 1600ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@item vlan=@var{n} 1601ad196a9dSJan KiszkaConnect user mode stack to VLAN @var{n} (@var{n} = 0 is the default). 1602ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 160308d12022SStefan Hajnoczi@item id=@var{id} 1604ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@item name=@var{name} 1605ad196a9dSJan KiszkaAssign symbolic name for use in monitor commands. 1606ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1607c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka@item net=@var{addr}[/@var{mask}] 1608c92ef6a2SJan KiszkaSet IP network address the guest will see. Optionally specify the netmask, 1609c92ef6a2SJan Kiszkaeither in the form a.b.c.d or as number of valid top-most bits. Default is 1610b0b36e5dSBrad Hards10.0.2.0/24. 1611c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka 1612c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka@item host=@var{addr} 1613c92ef6a2SJan KiszkaSpecify the guest-visible address of the host. Default is the 2nd IP in the 1614c92ef6a2SJan Kiszkaguest network, i.e. x.x.x.2. 1615ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1616c54ed5bcSJan Kiszka@item restrict=on|off 1617caef55edSBrad HardsIf this option is enabled, the guest will be isolated, i.e. it will not be 1618ad196a9dSJan Kiszkaable to contact the host and no guest IP packets will be routed over the host 1619caef55edSBrad Hardsto the outside. This option does not affect any explicitly set forwarding rules. 1620ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1621ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@item hostname=@var{name} 162263d2960bSKlaus StengelSpecifies the client hostname reported by the built-in DHCP server. 1623ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1624c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka@item dhcpstart=@var{addr} 1625c92ef6a2SJan KiszkaSpecify the first of the 16 IPs the built-in DHCP server can assign. Default 1626b0b36e5dSBrad Hardsis the 15th to 31st IP in the guest network, i.e. x.x.x.15 to x.x.x.31. 1627c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka 1628c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka@item dns=@var{addr} 1629c92ef6a2SJan KiszkaSpecify the guest-visible address of the virtual nameserver. The address must 1630c92ef6a2SJan Kiszkabe different from the host address. Default is the 3rd IP in the guest network, 1631c92ef6a2SJan Kiszkai.e. x.x.x.3. 1632c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka 163363d2960bSKlaus Stengel@item dnssearch=@var{domain} 163463d2960bSKlaus StengelProvides an entry for the domain-search list sent by the built-in 163563d2960bSKlaus StengelDHCP server. More than one domain suffix can be transmitted by specifying 163663d2960bSKlaus Stengelthis option multiple times. If supported, this will cause the guest to 163763d2960bSKlaus Stengelautomatically try to append the given domain suffix(es) in case a domain name 163863d2960bSKlaus Stengelcan not be resolved. 163963d2960bSKlaus Stengel 164063d2960bSKlaus StengelExample: 164163d2960bSKlaus Stengel@example 164263d2960bSKlaus Stengelqemu -net user,dnssearch=mgmt.example.org,dnssearch=example.org [...] 164363d2960bSKlaus Stengel@end example 164463d2960bSKlaus Stengel 1645ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@item tftp=@var{dir} 1646ad196a9dSJan KiszkaWhen using the user mode network stack, activate a built-in TFTP 1647ad196a9dSJan Kiszkaserver. The files in @var{dir} will be exposed as the root of a TFTP server. 1648ad196a9dSJan KiszkaThe TFTP client on the guest must be configured in binary mode (use the command 1649c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka@code{bin} of the Unix TFTP client). 1650ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1651ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@item bootfile=@var{file} 1652ad196a9dSJan KiszkaWhen using the user mode network stack, broadcast @var{file} as the BOOTP 1653ad196a9dSJan Kiszkafilename. In conjunction with @option{tftp}, this can be used to network boot 1654ad196a9dSJan Kiszkaa guest from a local directory. 1655ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1656ad196a9dSJan KiszkaExample (using pxelinux): 1657ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@example 16583804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -hda linux.img -boot n -net user,tftp=/path/to/tftp/files,bootfile=/pxelinux.0 1659ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@end example 1660ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1661c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka@item smb=@var{dir}[,smbserver=@var{addr}] 1662ad196a9dSJan KiszkaWhen using the user mode network stack, activate a built-in SMB 1663ad196a9dSJan Kiszkaserver so that Windows OSes can access to the host files in @file{@var{dir}} 1664c92ef6a2SJan Kiszkatransparently. The IP address of the SMB server can be set to @var{addr}. By 1665c92ef6a2SJan Kiszkadefault the 4th IP in the guest network is used, i.e. x.x.x.4. 1666ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1667ad196a9dSJan KiszkaIn the guest Windows OS, the line: 1668ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@example 1669ad196a9dSJan Kiszka10.0.2.4 smbserver 1670ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@end example 1671ad196a9dSJan Kiszkamust be added in the file @file{C:\WINDOWS\LMHOSTS} (for windows 9x/Me) 1672ad196a9dSJan Kiszkaor @file{C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC\LMHOSTS} (Windows NT/2000). 1673ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1674ad196a9dSJan KiszkaThen @file{@var{dir}} can be accessed in @file{\\smbserver\qemu}. 1675ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1676e2d8830eSBradNote that a SAMBA server must be installed on the host OS. 1677e2d8830eSBradQEMU was tested successfully with smbd versions from Red Hat 9, 1678e2d8830eSBradFedora Core 3 and OpenSUSE 11.x. 1679ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 16803c6a0580SJan Kiszka@item hostfwd=[tcp|udp]:[@var{hostaddr}]:@var{hostport}-[@var{guestaddr}]:@var{guestport} 1681c92ef6a2SJan KiszkaRedirect incoming TCP or UDP connections to the host port @var{hostport} to 1682c92ef6a2SJan Kiszkathe guest IP address @var{guestaddr} on guest port @var{guestport}. If 1683c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka@var{guestaddr} is not specified, its value is x.x.x.15 (default first address 16843c6a0580SJan Kiszkagiven by the built-in DHCP server). By specifying @var{hostaddr}, the rule can 16853c6a0580SJan Kiszkabe bound to a specific host interface. If no connection type is set, TCP is 1686c92ef6a2SJan Kiszkaused. This option can be given multiple times. 1687ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1688ad196a9dSJan KiszkaFor example, to redirect host X11 connection from screen 1 to guest 1689ad196a9dSJan Kiszkascreen 0, use the following: 1690ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1691ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@example 1692ad196a9dSJan Kiszka# on the host 16933804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -net user,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:6001-:6000 [...] 1694ad196a9dSJan Kiszka# this host xterm should open in the guest X11 server 1695ad196a9dSJan Kiszkaxterm -display :1 1696ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@end example 1697ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1698ad196a9dSJan KiszkaTo redirect telnet connections from host port 5555 to telnet port on 1699ad196a9dSJan Kiszkathe guest, use the following: 1700ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1701ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@example 1702ad196a9dSJan Kiszka# on the host 17033804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -net user,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:23 [...] 1704ad196a9dSJan Kiszkatelnet localhost 5555 1705ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@end example 1706ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1707ad196a9dSJan KiszkaThen when you use on the host @code{telnet localhost 5555}, you 1708ad196a9dSJan Kiszkaconnect to the guest telnet server. 1709ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1710c92ef6a2SJan Kiszka@item guestfwd=[tcp]:@var{server}:@var{port}-@var{dev} 1711b412eb61SAlexander Graf@item guestfwd=[tcp]:@var{server}:@var{port}-@var{cmd:command} 17123c6a0580SJan KiszkaForward guest TCP connections to the IP address @var{server} on port @var{port} 1713b412eb61SAlexander Grafto the character device @var{dev} or to a program executed by @var{cmd:command} 1714b412eb61SAlexander Grafwhich gets spawned for each connection. This option can be given multiple times. 1715b412eb61SAlexander Graf 171643ffe61fSStefan WeilYou can either use a chardev directly and have that one used throughout QEMU's 1717b412eb61SAlexander Graflifetime, like in the following example: 1718b412eb61SAlexander Graf 1719b412eb61SAlexander Graf@example 1720b412eb61SAlexander Graf# open 10.10.1.1:4321 on bootup, connect 10.0.2.100:1234 to it whenever 1721b412eb61SAlexander Graf# the guest accesses it 1722b412eb61SAlexander Grafqemu -net user,guestfwd=tcp:10.0.2.100:1234-tcp:10.10.1.1:4321 [...] 1723b412eb61SAlexander Graf@end example 1724b412eb61SAlexander Graf 1725b412eb61SAlexander GrafOr you can execute a command on every TCP connection established by the guest, 172643ffe61fSStefan Weilso that QEMU behaves similar to an inetd process for that virtual server: 1727b412eb61SAlexander Graf 1728b412eb61SAlexander Graf@example 1729b412eb61SAlexander Graf# call "netcat 10.10.1.1 4321" on every TCP connection to 10.0.2.100:1234 1730b412eb61SAlexander Graf# and connect the TCP stream to its stdin/stdout 1731b412eb61SAlexander Grafqemu -net 'user,guestfwd=tcp:10.0.2.100:1234-cmd:netcat 10.10.1.1 4321' 1732b412eb61SAlexander Graf@end example 1733ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1734ad196a9dSJan Kiszka@end table 1735ad196a9dSJan Kiszka 1736ad196a9dSJan KiszkaNote: Legacy stand-alone options -tftp, -bootp, -smb and -redir are still 1737ad196a9dSJan Kiszkaprocessed and applied to -net user. Mixing them with the new configuration 1738ad196a9dSJan Kiszkasyntax gives undefined results. Their use for new applications is discouraged 1739ad196a9dSJan Kiszkaas they will be removed from future versions. 17405824d651Sblueswir1 174108d12022SStefan Hajnoczi@item -netdev tap,id=@var{id}[,fd=@var{h}][,ifname=@var{name}][,script=@var{file}][,downscript=@var{dfile}][,helper=@var{helper}] 1742a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@item -net tap[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,fd=@var{h}][,ifname=@var{name}][,script=@var{file}][,downscript=@var{dfile}][,helper=@var{helper}] 1743a7c36ee4SCorey BryantConnect the host TAP network interface @var{name} to VLAN @var{n}. 1744a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant 1745a7c36ee4SCorey BryantUse the network script @var{file} to configure it and the network script 17465824d651Sblueswir1@var{dfile} to deconfigure it. If @var{name} is not provided, the OS 1747a7c36ee4SCorey Bryantautomatically provides one. The default network configure script is 1748a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@file{/etc/qemu-ifup} and the default network deconfigure script is 1749a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@file{/etc/qemu-ifdown}. Use @option{script=no} or @option{downscript=no} 1750a7c36ee4SCorey Bryantto disable script execution. 1751a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant 1752a7c36ee4SCorey BryantIf running QEMU as an unprivileged user, use the network helper 1753a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@var{helper} to configure the TAP interface. The default network 1754420508fbSAmos Konghelper executable is @file{/path/to/qemu-bridge-helper}. 1755a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant 1756a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@option{fd}=@var{h} can be used to specify the handle of an already 1757a7c36ee4SCorey Bryantopened host TAP interface. 1758a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant 1759a7c36ee4SCorey BryantExamples: 17605824d651Sblueswir1 17615824d651Sblueswir1@example 1762a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant#launch a QEMU instance with the default network script 17633804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img -net nic -net tap 17645824d651Sblueswir1@end example 17655824d651Sblueswir1 17665824d651Sblueswir1@example 1767a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant#launch a QEMU instance with two NICs, each one connected 1768a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant#to a TAP device 17693804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img \ 17703804da9dSStefan Weil -net nic,vlan=0 -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap0 \ 17715824d651Sblueswir1 -net nic,vlan=1 -net tap,vlan=1,ifname=tap1 17725824d651Sblueswir1@end example 17735824d651Sblueswir1 1774a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@example 1775a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant#launch a QEMU instance with the default network helper to 1776a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant#connect a TAP device to bridge br0 17773804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img \ 1778420508fbSAmos Kong -net nic -net tap,"helper=/path/to/qemu-bridge-helper" 1779a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@end example 1780a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant 178108d12022SStefan Hajnoczi@item -netdev bridge,id=@var{id}[,br=@var{bridge}][,helper=@var{helper}] 1782a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@item -net bridge[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,br=@var{bridge}][,helper=@var{helper}] 1783a7c36ee4SCorey BryantConnect a host TAP network interface to a host bridge device. 1784a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant 1785a7c36ee4SCorey BryantUse the network helper @var{helper} to configure the TAP interface and 1786a7c36ee4SCorey Bryantattach it to the bridge. The default network helper executable is 1787420508fbSAmos Kong@file{/path/to/qemu-bridge-helper} and the default bridge 1788a7c36ee4SCorey Bryantdevice is @file{br0}. 1789a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant 1790a7c36ee4SCorey BryantExamples: 1791a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant 1792a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@example 1793a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant#launch a QEMU instance with the default network helper to 1794a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant#connect a TAP device to bridge br0 17953804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img -net bridge -net nic,model=virtio 1796a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@end example 1797a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant 1798a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@example 1799a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant#launch a QEMU instance with the default network helper to 1800a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant#connect a TAP device to bridge qemubr0 18013804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img -net bridge,br=qemubr0 -net nic,model=virtio 1802a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant@end example 1803a7c36ee4SCorey Bryant 180408d12022SStefan Hajnoczi@item -netdev socket,id=@var{id}[,fd=@var{h}][,listen=[@var{host}]:@var{port}][,connect=@var{host}:@var{port}] 18055824d651Sblueswir1@item -net socket[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,fd=@var{h}] [,listen=[@var{host}]:@var{port}][,connect=@var{host}:@var{port}] 18065824d651Sblueswir1 18075824d651Sblueswir1Connect the VLAN @var{n} to a remote VLAN in another QEMU virtual 18085824d651Sblueswir1machine using a TCP socket connection. If @option{listen} is 18095824d651Sblueswir1specified, QEMU waits for incoming connections on @var{port} 18105824d651Sblueswir1(@var{host} is optional). @option{connect} is used to connect to 18115824d651Sblueswir1another QEMU instance using the @option{listen} option. @option{fd}=@var{h} 18125824d651Sblueswir1specifies an already opened TCP socket. 18135824d651Sblueswir1 18145824d651Sblueswir1Example: 18155824d651Sblueswir1@example 18165824d651Sblueswir1# launch a first QEMU instance 18173804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img \ 18183804da9dSStefan Weil -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \ 18195824d651Sblueswir1 -net socket,listen=:1234 18205824d651Sblueswir1# connect the VLAN 0 of this instance to the VLAN 0 18215824d651Sblueswir1# of the first instance 18223804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img \ 18233804da9dSStefan Weil -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:57 \ 18245824d651Sblueswir1 -net socket,connect=127.0.0.1:1234 18255824d651Sblueswir1@end example 18265824d651Sblueswir1 182708d12022SStefan Hajnoczi@item -netdev socket,id=@var{id}[,fd=@var{h}][,mcast=@var{maddr}:@var{port}[,localaddr=@var{addr}]] 18283a75e74cSMike Ryan@item -net socket[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,fd=@var{h}][,mcast=@var{maddr}:@var{port}[,localaddr=@var{addr}]] 18295824d651Sblueswir1 18305824d651Sblueswir1Create a VLAN @var{n} shared with another QEMU virtual 18315824d651Sblueswir1machines using a UDP multicast socket, effectively making a bus for 18325824d651Sblueswir1every QEMU with same multicast address @var{maddr} and @var{port}. 18335824d651Sblueswir1NOTES: 18345824d651Sblueswir1@enumerate 18355824d651Sblueswir1@item 18365824d651Sblueswir1Several QEMU can be running on different hosts and share same bus (assuming 18375824d651Sblueswir1correct multicast setup for these hosts). 18385824d651Sblueswir1@item 18395824d651Sblueswir1mcast support is compatible with User Mode Linux (argument @option{eth@var{N}=mcast}), see 18405824d651Sblueswir1@url{http://user-mode-linux.sf.net}. 18415824d651Sblueswir1@item 18425824d651Sblueswir1Use @option{fd=h} to specify an already opened UDP multicast socket. 18435824d651Sblueswir1@end enumerate 18445824d651Sblueswir1 18455824d651Sblueswir1Example: 18465824d651Sblueswir1@example 18475824d651Sblueswir1# launch one QEMU instance 18483804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img \ 18493804da9dSStefan Weil -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \ 18505824d651Sblueswir1 -net socket,mcast=230.0.0.1:1234 18515824d651Sblueswir1# launch another QEMU instance on same "bus" 18523804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img \ 18533804da9dSStefan Weil -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:57 \ 18545824d651Sblueswir1 -net socket,mcast=230.0.0.1:1234 18555824d651Sblueswir1# launch yet another QEMU instance on same "bus" 18563804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img \ 18573804da9dSStefan Weil -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:58 \ 18585824d651Sblueswir1 -net socket,mcast=230.0.0.1:1234 18595824d651Sblueswir1@end example 18605824d651Sblueswir1 18615824d651Sblueswir1Example (User Mode Linux compat.): 18625824d651Sblueswir1@example 18635824d651Sblueswir1# launch QEMU instance (note mcast address selected 18645824d651Sblueswir1# is UML's default) 18653804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img \ 18663804da9dSStefan Weil -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \ 18675824d651Sblueswir1 -net socket,mcast=239.192.168.1:1102 18685824d651Sblueswir1# launch UML 18695824d651Sblueswir1/path/to/linux ubd0=/path/to/root_fs eth0=mcast 18705824d651Sblueswir1@end example 18715824d651Sblueswir1 18723a75e74cSMike RyanExample (send packets from host's 1.2.3.4): 18733a75e74cSMike Ryan@example 18743804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img \ 18753804da9dSStefan Weil -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \ 18763a75e74cSMike Ryan -net socket,mcast=239.192.168.1:1102,localaddr=1.2.3.4 18773a75e74cSMike Ryan@end example 18783a75e74cSMike Ryan 18793fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item -netdev l2tpv3,id=@var{id},src=@var{srcaddr},dst=@var{dstaddr}[,srcport=@var{srcport}][,dstport=@var{dstport}],txsession=@var{txsession}[,rxsession=@var{rxsession}][,ipv6][,udp][,cookie64][,counter][,pincounter][,txcookie=@var{txcookie}][,rxcookie=@var{rxcookie}][,offset=@var{offset}] 18803fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item -net l2tpv3[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}],src=@var{srcaddr},dst=@var{dstaddr}[,srcport=@var{srcport}][,dstport=@var{dstport}],txsession=@var{txsession}[,rxsession=@var{rxsession}][,ipv6][,udp][,cookie64][,counter][,pincounter][,txcookie=@var{txcookie}][,rxcookie=@var{rxcookie}][,offset=@var{offset}] 18813fb69aa1SAnton IvanovConnect VLAN @var{n} to L2TPv3 pseudowire. L2TPv3 (RFC3391) is a popular 18823fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovprotocol to transport Ethernet (and other Layer 2) data frames between 18833fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovtwo systems. It is present in routers, firewalls and the Linux kernel 18843fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov(from version 3.3 onwards). 18853fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov 18863fb69aa1SAnton IvanovThis transport allows a VM to communicate to another VM, router or firewall directly. 18873fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov 18883fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item src=@var{srcaddr} 18893fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov source address (mandatory) 18903fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item dst=@var{dstaddr} 18913fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov destination address (mandatory) 18923fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item udp 18933fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov select udp encapsulation (default is ip). 18943fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item srcport=@var{srcport} 18953fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov source udp port. 18963fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item dstport=@var{dstport} 18973fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov destination udp port. 18983fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item ipv6 18993fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov force v6, otherwise defaults to v4. 19003fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item rxcookie=@var{rxcookie} 19013fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item txcookie=@var{txcookie} 19023fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov Cookies are a weak form of security in the l2tpv3 specification. 19033fb69aa1SAnton IvanovTheir function is mostly to prevent misconfiguration. By default they are 32 19043fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovbit. 19053fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item cookie64 19063fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov Set cookie size to 64 bit instead of the default 32 19073fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item counter=off 19083fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov Force a 'cut-down' L2TPv3 with no counter as in 19093fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovdraft-mkonstan-l2tpext-keyed-ipv6-tunnel-00 19103fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item pincounter=on 19113fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov Work around broken counter handling in peer. This may also help on 19123fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovnetworks which have packet reorder. 19133fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@item offset=@var{offset} 19143fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov Add an extra offset between header and data 19153fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov 19163fb69aa1SAnton IvanovFor example, to attach a VM running on host 4.3.2.1 via L2TPv3 to the bridge br-lan 19173fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovon the remote Linux host 1.2.3.4: 19183fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@example 19193fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov# Setup tunnel on linux host using raw ip as encapsulation 19203fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov# on 1.2.3.4 19213fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovip l2tp add tunnel remote 4.3.2.1 local 1.2.3.4 tunnel_id 1 peer_tunnel_id 1 \ 19223fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov encap udp udp_sport 16384 udp_dport 16384 19233fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovip l2tp add session tunnel_id 1 name vmtunnel0 session_id \ 19243fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov 0xFFFFFFFF peer_session_id 0xFFFFFFFF 19253fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovifconfig vmtunnel0 mtu 1500 19263fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovifconfig vmtunnel0 up 19273fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovbrctl addif br-lan vmtunnel0 19283fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov 19293fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov 19303fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov# on 4.3.2.1 19313fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov# launch QEMU instance - if your network has reorder or is very lossy add ,pincounter 19323fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov 19333fb69aa1SAnton Ivanovqemu-system-i386 linux.img -net nic -net l2tpv3,src=4.2.3.1,dst=1.2.3.4,udp,srcport=16384,dstport=16384,rxsession=0xffffffff,txsession=0xffffffff,counter 19343fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov 19353fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov 19363fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov@end example 19373fb69aa1SAnton Ivanov 193808d12022SStefan Hajnoczi@item -netdev vde,id=@var{id}[,sock=@var{socketpath}][,port=@var{n}][,group=@var{groupname}][,mode=@var{octalmode}] 19395824d651Sblueswir1@item -net vde[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,sock=@var{socketpath}] [,port=@var{n}][,group=@var{groupname}][,mode=@var{octalmode}] 19405824d651Sblueswir1Connect VLAN @var{n} to PORT @var{n} of a vde switch running on host and 19415824d651Sblueswir1listening for incoming connections on @var{socketpath}. Use GROUP @var{groupname} 19425824d651Sblueswir1and MODE @var{octalmode} to change default ownership and permissions for 1943c1ba4e0bSStefan Weilcommunication port. This option is only available if QEMU has been compiled 19445824d651Sblueswir1with vde support enabled. 19455824d651Sblueswir1 19465824d651Sblueswir1Example: 19475824d651Sblueswir1@example 19485824d651Sblueswir1# launch vde switch 19495824d651Sblueswir1vde_switch -F -sock /tmp/myswitch 19505824d651Sblueswir1# launch QEMU instance 19513804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 linux.img -net nic -net vde,sock=/tmp/myswitch 19525824d651Sblueswir1@end example 19535824d651Sblueswir1 195440e8c26dSStefan Hajnoczi@item -netdev hubport,id=@var{id},hubid=@var{hubid} 195540e8c26dSStefan Hajnoczi 195640e8c26dSStefan HajnocziCreate a hub port on QEMU "vlan" @var{hubid}. 195740e8c26dSStefan Hajnoczi 195840e8c26dSStefan HajnocziThe hubport netdev lets you connect a NIC to a QEMU "vlan" instead of a single 195940e8c26dSStefan Hajnoczinetdev. @code{-net} and @code{-device} with parameter @option{vlan} create the 196040e8c26dSStefan Hajnoczirequired hub automatically. 196140e8c26dSStefan Hajnoczi 1962830d70dbSOuyang Changchun@item -netdev vhost-user,chardev=@var{id}[,vhostforce=on|off][,queues=n] 196303ce5744SNikolay Nikolaev 196403ce5744SNikolay NikolaevEstablish a vhost-user netdev, backed by a chardev @var{id}. The chardev should 196503ce5744SNikolay Nikolaevbe a unix domain socket backed one. The vhost-user uses a specifically defined 196603ce5744SNikolay Nikolaevprotocol to pass vhost ioctl replacement messages to an application on the other 196703ce5744SNikolay Nikolaevend of the socket. On non-MSIX guests, the feature can be forced with 1968830d70dbSOuyang Changchun@var{vhostforce}. Use 'queues=@var{n}' to specify the number of queues to 1969830d70dbSOuyang Changchunbe created for multiqueue vhost-user. 197003ce5744SNikolay Nikolaev 197103ce5744SNikolay NikolaevExample: 197203ce5744SNikolay Nikolaev@example 197303ce5744SNikolay Nikolaevqemu -m 512 -object memory-backend-file,id=mem,size=512M,mem-path=/hugetlbfs,share=on \ 197403ce5744SNikolay Nikolaev -numa node,memdev=mem \ 197503ce5744SNikolay Nikolaev -chardev socket,path=/path/to/socket \ 197603ce5744SNikolay Nikolaev -netdev type=vhost-user,id=net0,chardev=chr0 \ 197703ce5744SNikolay Nikolaev -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0 197803ce5744SNikolay Nikolaev@end example 197903ce5744SNikolay Nikolaev 1980bb9ea79eSaliguori@item -net dump[,vlan=@var{n}][,file=@var{file}][,len=@var{len}] 1981bb9ea79eSaliguoriDump network traffic on VLAN @var{n} to file @var{file} (@file{qemu-vlan0.pcap} by default). 1982bb9ea79eSaliguoriAt most @var{len} bytes (64k by default) per packet are stored. The file format is 1983bb9ea79eSaliguorilibpcap, so it can be analyzed with tools such as tcpdump or Wireshark. 1984bb9ea79eSaliguori 19855824d651Sblueswir1@item -net none 19865824d651Sblueswir1Indicate that no network devices should be configured. It is used to 19875824d651Sblueswir1override the default configuration (@option{-net nic -net user}) which 19885824d651Sblueswir1is activated if no @option{-net} options are provided. 19895824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 19905824d651Sblueswir1 1991c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 1992c70a01e4SMarkus Armbruster@end table 1993c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 19947273a2dbSMatthew BoothDEFHEADING() 19957273a2dbSMatthew Booth 19967273a2dbSMatthew BoothDEFHEADING(Character device options:) 1997c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 1998c70a01e4SMarkus Armbruster 1999c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterThe general form of a character device option is: 2000c70a01e4SMarkus Armbruster@table @option 2001c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 20027273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20037273a2dbSMatthew BoothDEF("chardev", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_chardev, 200497331287SJan Kiszka "-chardev null,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n" 20055dd1f02bSCorey Minyard "-chardev socket,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,to=to][,ipv4][,ipv6][,nodelay][,reconnect=seconds]\n" 20065dd1f02bSCorey Minyard " [,server][,nowait][,telnet][,reconnect=seconds][,mux=on|off] (tcp)\n" 20075dd1f02bSCorey Minyard "-chardev socket,id=id,path=path[,server][,nowait][,telnet][,reconnect=seconds][,mux=on|off] (unix)\n" 20087273a2dbSMatthew Booth "-chardev udp,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,localaddr=localaddr]\n" 200997331287SJan Kiszka " [,localport=localport][,ipv4][,ipv6][,mux=on|off]\n" 201097331287SJan Kiszka "-chardev msmouse,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n" 20117273a2dbSMatthew Booth "-chardev vc,id=id[[,width=width][,height=height]][[,cols=cols][,rows=rows]]\n" 201297331287SJan Kiszka " [,mux=on|off]\n" 20134f57378fSMarkus Armbruster "-chardev ringbuf,id=id[,size=size]\n" 201497331287SJan Kiszka "-chardev file,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n" 201597331287SJan Kiszka "-chardev pipe,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n" 20167273a2dbSMatthew Booth#ifdef _WIN32 201797331287SJan Kiszka "-chardev console,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n" 201897331287SJan Kiszka "-chardev serial,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n" 20197273a2dbSMatthew Booth#else 202097331287SJan Kiszka "-chardev pty,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n" 2021b7fdb3abSAurelien Jarno "-chardev stdio,id=id[,mux=on|off][,signal=on|off]\n" 20227273a2dbSMatthew Booth#endif 20237273a2dbSMatthew Booth#ifdef CONFIG_BRLAPI 202497331287SJan Kiszka "-chardev braille,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n" 20257273a2dbSMatthew Booth#endif 20267273a2dbSMatthew Booth#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__sun__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) \ 20277273a2dbSMatthew Booth || defined(__NetBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__) 2028d59044efSGerd Hoffmann "-chardev serial,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n" 202997331287SJan Kiszka "-chardev tty,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n" 20307273a2dbSMatthew Booth#endif 20317273a2dbSMatthew Booth#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__) 203288a946d3SGerd Hoffmann "-chardev parallel,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n" 203397331287SJan Kiszka "-chardev parport,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n" 20347273a2dbSMatthew Booth#endif 2035cbcc6336SAlon Levy#if defined(CONFIG_SPICE) 2036cbcc6336SAlon Levy "-chardev spicevmc,id=id,name=name[,debug=debug]\n" 20375a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureau "-chardev spiceport,id=id,name=name[,debug=debug]\n" 2038cbcc6336SAlon Levy#endif 2039ad96090aSBlue Swirl , QEMU_ARCH_ALL 20407273a2dbSMatthew Booth) 20417273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20427273a2dbSMatthew BoothSTEXI 204397331287SJan Kiszka@item -chardev @var{backend} ,id=@var{id} [,mux=on|off] [,@var{options}] 20446616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -chardev 20457273a2dbSMatthew BoothBackend is one of: 20467273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{null}, 20477273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{socket}, 20487273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{udp}, 20497273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{msmouse}, 20507273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{vc}, 20514f57378fSMarkus Armbruster@option{ringbuf}, 20527273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{file}, 20537273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{pipe}, 20547273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{console}, 20557273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{serial}, 20567273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{pty}, 20577273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{stdio}, 20587273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{braille}, 20597273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{tty}, 206088a946d3SGerd Hoffmann@option{parallel}, 2061cbcc6336SAlon Levy@option{parport}, 2062cbcc6336SAlon Levy@option{spicevmc}. 20635a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureau@option{spiceport}. 20647273a2dbSMatthew BoothThe specific backend will determine the applicable options. 20657273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20667273a2dbSMatthew BoothAll devices must have an id, which can be any string up to 127 characters long. 20677273a2dbSMatthew BoothIt is used to uniquely identify this device in other command line directives. 20687273a2dbSMatthew Booth 206997331287SJan KiszkaA character device may be used in multiplexing mode by multiple front-ends. 207097331287SJan KiszkaThe key sequence of @key{Control-a} and @key{c} will rotate the input focus 207197331287SJan Kiszkabetween attached front-ends. Specify @option{mux=on} to enable this mode. 207297331287SJan Kiszka 20737273a2dbSMatthew BoothOptions to each backend are described below. 20747273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20757273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev null ,id=@var{id} 20767273a2dbSMatthew BoothA void device. This device will not emit any data, and will drop any data it 20777273a2dbSMatthew Boothreceives. The null backend does not take any options. 20787273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20795dd1f02bSCorey Minyard@item -chardev socket ,id=@var{id} [@var{TCP options} or @var{unix options}] [,server] [,nowait] [,telnet] [,reconnect=@var{seconds}] 20807273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20817273a2dbSMatthew BoothCreate a two-way stream socket, which can be either a TCP or a unix socket. A 20827273a2dbSMatthew Boothunix socket will be created if @option{path} is specified. Behaviour is 20837273a2dbSMatthew Boothundefined if TCP options are specified for a unix socket. 20847273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20857273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{server} specifies that the socket shall be a listening socket. 20867273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20877273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{nowait} specifies that QEMU should not block waiting for a client to 20887273a2dbSMatthew Boothconnect to a listening socket. 20897273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20907273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{telnet} specifies that traffic on the socket should interpret telnet 20917273a2dbSMatthew Boothescape sequences. 20927273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20935dd1f02bSCorey Minyard@option{reconnect} sets the timeout for reconnecting on non-server sockets when 20945dd1f02bSCorey Minyardthe remote end goes away. qemu will delay this many seconds and then attempt 20955dd1f02bSCorey Minyardto reconnect. Zero disables reconnecting, and is the default. 20965dd1f02bSCorey Minyard 20977273a2dbSMatthew BoothTCP and unix socket options are given below: 20987273a2dbSMatthew Booth 20997273a2dbSMatthew Booth@table @option 21007273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21018d533561SAurelien Jarno@item TCP options: port=@var{port} [,host=@var{host}] [,to=@var{to}] [,ipv4] [,ipv6] [,nodelay] 21027273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21037273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{host} for a listening socket specifies the local address to be bound. 21047273a2dbSMatthew BoothFor a connecting socket species the remote host to connect to. @option{host} is 21057273a2dbSMatthew Boothoptional for listening sockets. If not specified it defaults to @code{0.0.0.0}. 21067273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21077273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{port} for a listening socket specifies the local port to be bound. For a 21087273a2dbSMatthew Boothconnecting socket specifies the port on the remote host to connect to. 21097273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{port} can be given as either a port number or a service name. 21107273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{port} is required. 21117273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21127273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{to} is only relevant to listening sockets. If it is specified, and 21137273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{port} cannot be bound, QEMU will attempt to bind to subsequent ports up 21147273a2dbSMatthew Boothto and including @option{to} until it succeeds. @option{to} must be specified 21157273a2dbSMatthew Boothas a port number. 21167273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21177273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{ipv4} and @option{ipv6} specify that either IPv4 or IPv6 must be used. 21187273a2dbSMatthew BoothIf neither is specified the socket may use either protocol. 21197273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21207273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{nodelay} disables the Nagle algorithm. 21217273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21227273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item unix options: path=@var{path} 21237273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21247273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{path} specifies the local path of the unix socket. @option{path} is 21257273a2dbSMatthew Boothrequired. 21267273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21277273a2dbSMatthew Booth@end table 21287273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21297273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev udp ,id=@var{id} [,host=@var{host}] ,port=@var{port} [,localaddr=@var{localaddr}] [,localport=@var{localport}] [,ipv4] [,ipv6] 21307273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21317273a2dbSMatthew BoothSends all traffic from the guest to a remote host over UDP. 21327273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21337273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{host} specifies the remote host to connect to. If not specified it 21347273a2dbSMatthew Boothdefaults to @code{localhost}. 21357273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21367273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{port} specifies the port on the remote host to connect to. @option{port} 21377273a2dbSMatthew Boothis required. 21387273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21397273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{localaddr} specifies the local address to bind to. If not specified it 21407273a2dbSMatthew Boothdefaults to @code{0.0.0.0}. 21417273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21427273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{localport} specifies the local port to bind to. If not specified any 21437273a2dbSMatthew Boothavailable local port will be used. 21447273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21457273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{ipv4} and @option{ipv6} specify that either IPv4 or IPv6 must be used. 21467273a2dbSMatthew BoothIf neither is specified the device may use either protocol. 21477273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21487273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev msmouse ,id=@var{id} 21497273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21507273a2dbSMatthew BoothForward QEMU's emulated msmouse events to the guest. @option{msmouse} does not 21517273a2dbSMatthew Boothtake any options. 21527273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21537273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev vc ,id=@var{id} [[,width=@var{width}] [,height=@var{height}]] [[,cols=@var{cols}] [,rows=@var{rows}]] 21547273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21557273a2dbSMatthew BoothConnect to a QEMU text console. @option{vc} may optionally be given a specific 21567273a2dbSMatthew Boothsize. 21577273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21587273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{width} and @option{height} specify the width and height respectively of 21597273a2dbSMatthew Booththe console, in pixels. 21607273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21617273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{cols} and @option{rows} specify that the console be sized to fit a text 21627273a2dbSMatthew Boothconsole with the given dimensions. 21637273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21644f57378fSMarkus Armbruster@item -chardev ringbuf ,id=@var{id} [,size=@var{size}] 216551767e7cSLei Li 21663949e594SMarkus ArmbrusterCreate a ring buffer with fixed size @option{size}. 21673949e594SMarkus Armbruster@var{size} must be a power of two, and defaults to @code{64K}). 216851767e7cSLei Li 21697273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev file ,id=@var{id} ,path=@var{path} 21707273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21717273a2dbSMatthew BoothLog all traffic received from the guest to a file. 21727273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21737273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{path} specifies the path of the file to be opened. This file will be 21747273a2dbSMatthew Boothcreated if it does not already exist, and overwritten if it does. @option{path} 21757273a2dbSMatthew Boothis required. 21767273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21777273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev pipe ,id=@var{id} ,path=@var{path} 21787273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21797273a2dbSMatthew BoothCreate a two-way connection to the guest. The behaviour differs slightly between 21807273a2dbSMatthew BoothWindows hosts and other hosts: 21817273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21827273a2dbSMatthew BoothOn Windows, a single duplex pipe will be created at 21837273a2dbSMatthew Booth@file{\\.pipe\@option{path}}. 21847273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21857273a2dbSMatthew BoothOn other hosts, 2 pipes will be created called @file{@option{path}.in} and 21867273a2dbSMatthew Booth@file{@option{path}.out}. Data written to @file{@option{path}.in} will be 21877273a2dbSMatthew Boothreceived by the guest. Data written by the guest can be read from 21887273a2dbSMatthew Booth@file{@option{path}.out}. QEMU will not create these fifos, and requires them to 21897273a2dbSMatthew Boothbe present. 21907273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21917273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{path} forms part of the pipe path as described above. @option{path} is 21927273a2dbSMatthew Boothrequired. 21937273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21947273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev console ,id=@var{id} 21957273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21967273a2dbSMatthew BoothSend traffic from the guest to QEMU's standard output. @option{console} does not 21977273a2dbSMatthew Boothtake any options. 21987273a2dbSMatthew Booth 21997273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{console} is only available on Windows hosts. 22007273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22017273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev serial ,id=@var{id} ,path=@option{path} 22027273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22037273a2dbSMatthew BoothSend traffic from the guest to a serial device on the host. 22047273a2dbSMatthew Booth 2205d59044efSGerd HoffmannOn Unix hosts serial will actually accept any tty device, 2206d59044efSGerd Hoffmannnot only serial lines. 22077273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22087273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{path} specifies the name of the serial device to open. 22097273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22107273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev pty ,id=@var{id} 22117273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22127273a2dbSMatthew BoothCreate a new pseudo-terminal on the host and connect to it. @option{pty} does 22137273a2dbSMatthew Boothnot take any options. 22147273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22157273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{pty} is not available on Windows hosts. 22167273a2dbSMatthew Booth 2217b7fdb3abSAurelien Jarno@item -chardev stdio ,id=@var{id} [,signal=on|off] 2218b65ee4faSStefan WeilConnect to standard input and standard output of the QEMU process. 2219b7fdb3abSAurelien Jarno 2220b7fdb3abSAurelien Jarno@option{signal} controls if signals are enabled on the terminal, that includes 2221b7fdb3abSAurelien Jarnoexiting QEMU with the key sequence @key{Control-c}. This option is enabled by 2222b7fdb3abSAurelien Jarnodefault, use @option{signal=off} to disable it. 2223b7fdb3abSAurelien Jarno 2224b7fdb3abSAurelien Jarno@option{stdio} is not available on Windows hosts. 22257273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22267273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev braille ,id=@var{id} 22277273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22287273a2dbSMatthew BoothConnect to a local BrlAPI server. @option{braille} does not take any options. 22297273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22307273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev tty ,id=@var{id} ,path=@var{path} 22317273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22327273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{tty} is only available on Linux, Sun, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD and 2233d037d6bbSMarkus ArmbrusterDragonFlyBSD hosts. It is an alias for @option{serial}. 22347273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22357273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{path} specifies the path to the tty. @option{path} is required. 22367273a2dbSMatthew Booth 223788a946d3SGerd Hoffmann@item -chardev parallel ,id=@var{id} ,path=@var{path} 22387273a2dbSMatthew Booth@item -chardev parport ,id=@var{id} ,path=@var{path} 22397273a2dbSMatthew Booth 224088a946d3SGerd Hoffmann@option{parallel} is only available on Linux, FreeBSD and DragonFlyBSD hosts. 22417273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22427273a2dbSMatthew BoothConnect to a local parallel port. 22437273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22447273a2dbSMatthew Booth@option{path} specifies the path to the parallel port device. @option{path} is 22457273a2dbSMatthew Boothrequired. 22467273a2dbSMatthew Booth 2247cbcc6336SAlon Levy@item -chardev spicevmc ,id=@var{id} ,debug=@var{debug}, name=@var{name} 2248cbcc6336SAlon Levy 22493a846906SStefan Hajnoczi@option{spicevmc} is only available when spice support is built in. 22503a846906SStefan Hajnoczi 2251cbcc6336SAlon Levy@option{debug} debug level for spicevmc 2252cbcc6336SAlon Levy 2253cbcc6336SAlon Levy@option{name} name of spice channel to connect to 2254cbcc6336SAlon Levy 2255cbcc6336SAlon LevyConnect to a spice virtual machine channel, such as vdiport. 2256cbcc6336SAlon Levy 22575a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureau@item -chardev spiceport ,id=@var{id} ,debug=@var{debug}, name=@var{name} 22585a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureau 22595a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureau@option{spiceport} is only available when spice support is built in. 22605a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureau 22615a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureau@option{debug} debug level for spicevmc 22625a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureau 22635a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureau@option{name} name of spice port to connect to 22645a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureau 22655a49d3e9SMarc-André LureauConnect to a spice port, allowing a Spice client to handle the traffic 22665a49d3e9SMarc-André Lureauidentified by a name (preferably a fqdn). 22677273a2dbSMatthew BoothETEXI 22687273a2dbSMatthew Booth 2269c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 2270c70a01e4SMarkus Armbruster@end table 2271c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 22727273a2dbSMatthew BoothDEFHEADING() 22737273a2dbSMatthew Booth 22740f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergDEFHEADING(Device URL Syntax:) 2275c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 22760f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg 22770f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergIn addition to using normal file images for the emulated storage devices, 22780f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergQEMU can also use networked resources such as iSCSI devices. These are 22790f5314a2SRonnie Sahlbergspecified using a special URL syntax. 22800f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg 22810f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg@table @option 22820f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg@item iSCSI 22830f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergiSCSI support allows QEMU to access iSCSI resources directly and use as 22840f5314a2SRonnie Sahlbergimages for the guest storage. Both disk and cdrom images are supported. 22850f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg 22860f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergSyntax for specifying iSCSI LUNs is 22870f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg``iscsi://<target-ip>[:<port>]/<target-iqn>/<lun>'' 22880f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg 228931459f46SRonnie SahlbergBy default qemu will use the iSCSI initiator-name 229031459f46SRonnie Sahlberg'iqn.2008-11.org.linux-kvm[:<name>]' but this can also be set from the command 229131459f46SRonnie Sahlbergline or a configuration file. 229231459f46SRonnie Sahlberg 229331459f46SRonnie Sahlberg 22940f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergExample (without authentication): 22950f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg@example 22963804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -iscsi initiator-name=iqn.2001-04.com.example:my-initiator \ 2297f9dadc98SRonnie Sahlberg -cdrom iscsi://192.0.2.1/iqn.2001-04.com.example/2 \ 2298f9dadc98SRonnie Sahlberg -drive file=iscsi://192.0.2.1/iqn.2001-04.com.example/1 22990f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg@end example 23000f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg 23010f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergExample (CHAP username/password via URL): 23020f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg@example 23033804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=iscsi://user%password@@192.0.2.1/iqn.2001-04.com.example/1 23040f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg@end example 23050f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg 23060f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergExample (CHAP username/password via environment variables): 23070f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg@example 23080f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergLIBISCSI_CHAP_USERNAME="user" \ 23090f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergLIBISCSI_CHAP_PASSWORD="password" \ 23103804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 -drive file=iscsi://192.0.2.1/iqn.2001-04.com.example/1 23110f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg@end example 23120f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg 23130f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergiSCSI support is an optional feature of QEMU and only available when 23140f5314a2SRonnie Sahlbergcompiled and linked against libiscsi. 2315f9dadc98SRonnie SahlbergETEXI 2316f9dadc98SRonnie SahlbergDEF("iscsi", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_iscsi, 2317f9dadc98SRonnie Sahlberg "-iscsi [user=user][,password=password]\n" 2318f9dadc98SRonnie Sahlberg " [,header-digest=CRC32C|CR32C-NONE|NONE-CRC32C|NONE\n" 23192fe3798cSPaolo Bonzini " [,initiator-name=initiator-iqn][,id=target-iqn]\n" 2320f9dadc98SRonnie Sahlberg " iSCSI session parameters\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 2321f9dadc98SRonnie SahlbergSTEXI 23220f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg 232331459f46SRonnie SahlbergiSCSI parameters such as username and password can also be specified via 232431459f46SRonnie Sahlberga configuration file. See qemu-doc for more information and examples. 232531459f46SRonnie Sahlberg 232608ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg@item NBD 232708ae330eSRonnie SahlbergQEMU supports NBD (Network Block Devices) both using TCP protocol as well 232808ae330eSRonnie Sahlbergas Unix Domain Sockets. 232908ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg 233008ae330eSRonnie SahlbergSyntax for specifying a NBD device using TCP 233108ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg``nbd:<server-ip>:<port>[:exportname=<export>]'' 233208ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg 233308ae330eSRonnie SahlbergSyntax for specifying a NBD device using Unix Domain Sockets 233408ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg``nbd:unix:<domain-socket>[:exportname=<export>]'' 233508ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg 233608ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg 233708ae330eSRonnie SahlbergExample for TCP 233808ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg@example 23393804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 --drive file=nbd:192.0.2.1:30000 234008ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg@end example 234108ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg 234208ae330eSRonnie SahlbergExample for Unix Domain Sockets 234308ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg@example 23443804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 --drive file=nbd:unix:/tmp/nbd-socket 234508ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg@end example 234608ae330eSRonnie Sahlberg 23470a12ec87SRichard W.M. Jones@item SSH 23480a12ec87SRichard W.M. JonesQEMU supports SSH (Secure Shell) access to remote disks. 23490a12ec87SRichard W.M. Jones 23500a12ec87SRichard W.M. JonesExamples: 23510a12ec87SRichard W.M. Jones@example 23520a12ec87SRichard W.M. Jonesqemu-system-i386 -drive file=ssh://user@@host/path/to/disk.img 23530a12ec87SRichard W.M. Jonesqemu-system-i386 -drive file.driver=ssh,file.user=user,file.host=host,file.port=22,file.path=/path/to/disk.img 23540a12ec87SRichard W.M. Jones@end example 23550a12ec87SRichard W.M. Jones 23560a12ec87SRichard W.M. JonesCurrently authentication must be done using ssh-agent. Other 23570a12ec87SRichard W.M. Jonesauthentication methods may be supported in future. 23580a12ec87SRichard W.M. Jones 2359d9990228SRonnie Sahlberg@item Sheepdog 2360d9990228SRonnie SahlbergSheepdog is a distributed storage system for QEMU. 2361d9990228SRonnie SahlbergQEMU supports using either local sheepdog devices or remote networked 2362d9990228SRonnie Sahlbergdevices. 2363d9990228SRonnie Sahlberg 2364d9990228SRonnie SahlbergSyntax for specifying a sheepdog device 23655d6768e3SMORITA Kazutaka@example 23661b8bbb46SMORITA Kazutakasheepdog[+tcp|+unix]://[host:port]/vdiname[?socket=path][#snapid|#tag] 23675d6768e3SMORITA Kazutaka@end example 2368d9990228SRonnie Sahlberg 2369d9990228SRonnie SahlbergExample 2370d9990228SRonnie Sahlberg@example 23715d6768e3SMORITA Kazutakaqemu-system-i386 --drive file=sheepdog://192.0.2.1:30000/MyVirtualMachine 2372d9990228SRonnie Sahlberg@end example 2373d9990228SRonnie Sahlberg 2374d9990228SRonnie SahlbergSee also @url{http://http://www.osrg.net/sheepdog/}. 2375d9990228SRonnie Sahlberg 23768809e289SBharata B Rao@item GlusterFS 23778809e289SBharata B RaoGlusterFS is an user space distributed file system. 23788809e289SBharata B RaoQEMU supports the use of GlusterFS volumes for hosting VM disk images using 23798809e289SBharata B RaoTCP, Unix Domain Sockets and RDMA transport protocols. 23808809e289SBharata B Rao 23818809e289SBharata B RaoSyntax for specifying a VM disk image on GlusterFS volume is 23828809e289SBharata B Rao@example 23838809e289SBharata B Raogluster[+transport]://[server[:port]]/volname/image[?socket=...] 23848809e289SBharata B Rao@end example 23858809e289SBharata B Rao 23868809e289SBharata B Rao 23878809e289SBharata B RaoExample 23888809e289SBharata B Rao@example 2389db2d5ebaSLei Liqemu-system-x86_64 --drive file=gluster://192.0.2.1/testvol/a.img 23908809e289SBharata B Rao@end example 23918809e289SBharata B Rao 23928809e289SBharata B RaoSee also @url{http://www.gluster.org}. 23930a86cb73SMatthew Booth 23940a86cb73SMatthew Booth@item HTTP/HTTPS/FTP/FTPS/TFTP 23950a86cb73SMatthew BoothQEMU supports read-only access to files accessed over http(s), ftp(s) and tftp. 23960a86cb73SMatthew Booth 23970a86cb73SMatthew BoothSyntax using a single filename: 23980a86cb73SMatthew Booth@example 23990a86cb73SMatthew Booth<protocol>://[<username>[:<password>]@@]<host>/<path> 24000a86cb73SMatthew Booth@end example 24010a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24020a86cb73SMatthew Boothwhere: 24030a86cb73SMatthew Booth@table @option 24040a86cb73SMatthew Booth@item protocol 24050a86cb73SMatthew Booth'http', 'https', 'ftp', 'ftps', or 'tftp'. 24060a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24070a86cb73SMatthew Booth@item username 24080a86cb73SMatthew BoothOptional username for authentication to the remote server. 24090a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24100a86cb73SMatthew Booth@item password 24110a86cb73SMatthew BoothOptional password for authentication to the remote server. 24120a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24130a86cb73SMatthew Booth@item host 24140a86cb73SMatthew BoothAddress of the remote server. 24150a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24160a86cb73SMatthew Booth@item path 24170a86cb73SMatthew BoothPath on the remote server, including any query string. 24180a86cb73SMatthew Booth@end table 24190a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24200a86cb73SMatthew BoothThe following options are also supported: 24210a86cb73SMatthew Booth@table @option 24220a86cb73SMatthew Booth@item url 24230a86cb73SMatthew BoothThe full URL when passing options to the driver explicitly. 24240a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24250a86cb73SMatthew Booth@item readahead 24260a86cb73SMatthew BoothThe amount of data to read ahead with each range request to the remote server. 24270a86cb73SMatthew BoothThis value may optionally have the suffix 'T', 'G', 'M', 'K', 'k' or 'b'. If it 24280a86cb73SMatthew Boothdoes not have a suffix, it will be assumed to be in bytes. The value must be a 24290a86cb73SMatthew Boothmultiple of 512 bytes. It defaults to 256k. 24300a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24310a86cb73SMatthew Booth@item sslverify 24320a86cb73SMatthew BoothWhether to verify the remote server's certificate when connecting over SSL. It 24330a86cb73SMatthew Boothcan have the value 'on' or 'off'. It defaults to 'on'. 2434212aefaaSDaniel Henrique Barboza 2435a94f83d9SRichard W.M. Jones@item cookie 2436a94f83d9SRichard W.M. JonesSend this cookie (it can also be a list of cookies separated by ';') with 2437a94f83d9SRichard W.M. Joneseach outgoing request. Only supported when using protocols such as HTTP 2438a94f83d9SRichard W.M. Joneswhich support cookies, otherwise ignored. 2439a94f83d9SRichard W.M. Jones 2440212aefaaSDaniel Henrique Barboza@item timeout 2441212aefaaSDaniel Henrique BarbozaSet the timeout in seconds of the CURL connection. This timeout is the time 2442212aefaaSDaniel Henrique Barbozathat CURL waits for a response from the remote server to get the size of the 2443212aefaaSDaniel Henrique Barbozaimage to be downloaded. If not set, the default timeout of 5 seconds is used. 24440a86cb73SMatthew Booth@end table 24450a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24460a86cb73SMatthew BoothNote that when passing options to qemu explicitly, @option{driver} is the value 24470a86cb73SMatthew Boothof <protocol>. 24480a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24490a86cb73SMatthew BoothExample: boot from a remote Fedora 20 live ISO image 24500a86cb73SMatthew Booth@example 24510a86cb73SMatthew Boothqemu-system-x86_64 --drive media=cdrom,file=http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/20/Live/x86_64/Fedora-Live-Desktop-x86_64-20-1.iso,readonly 24520a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24530a86cb73SMatthew Boothqemu-system-x86_64 --drive media=cdrom,file.driver=http,file.url=http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/20/Live/x86_64/Fedora-Live-Desktop-x86_64-20-1.iso,readonly 24540a86cb73SMatthew Booth@end example 24550a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24560a86cb73SMatthew BoothExample: boot from a remote Fedora 20 cloud image using a local overlay for 24570a86cb73SMatthew Boothwrites, copy-on-read, and a readahead of 64k 24580a86cb73SMatthew Booth@example 24590a86cb73SMatthew Boothqemu-img create -f qcow2 -o backing_file='json:@{"file.driver":"http",, "file.url":"https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/20/Images/x86_64/Fedora-x86_64-20-20131211.1-sda.qcow2",, "file.readahead":"64k"@}' /tmp/Fedora-x86_64-20-20131211.1-sda.qcow2 24600a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24610a86cb73SMatthew Boothqemu-system-x86_64 -drive file=/tmp/Fedora-x86_64-20-20131211.1-sda.qcow2,copy-on-read=on 24620a86cb73SMatthew Booth@end example 24630a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24640a86cb73SMatthew BoothExample: boot from an image stored on a VMware vSphere server with a self-signed 2465212aefaaSDaniel Henrique Barbozacertificate using a local overlay for writes, a readahead of 64k and a timeout 2466212aefaaSDaniel Henrique Barbozaof 10 seconds. 24670a86cb73SMatthew Booth@example 2468212aefaaSDaniel Henrique Barbozaqemu-img create -f qcow2 -o backing_file='json:@{"file.driver":"https",, "file.url":"https://user:password@@vsphere.example.com/folder/test/test-flat.vmdk?dcPath=Datacenter&dsName=datastore1",, "file.sslverify":"off",, "file.readahead":"64k",, "file.timeout":10@}' /tmp/test.qcow2 24690a86cb73SMatthew Booth 24700a86cb73SMatthew Boothqemu-system-x86_64 -drive file=/tmp/test.qcow2 24710a86cb73SMatthew Booth@end example 2472c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 2473c70a01e4SMarkus Armbruster 2474c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 24750f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg@end table 24760f5314a2SRonnie SahlbergETEXI 24770f5314a2SRonnie Sahlberg 24787273a2dbSMatthew BoothDEFHEADING(Bluetooth(R) options:) 2479c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 2480c70a01e4SMarkus Armbruster@table @option 2481c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 24827273a2dbSMatthew Booth 24835824d651Sblueswir1DEF("bt", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bt, \ 24845824d651Sblueswir1 "-bt hci,null dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands\n" \ 24855824d651Sblueswir1 "-bt hci,host[:id]\n" \ 24865824d651Sblueswir1 " use host's HCI with the given name\n" \ 24875824d651Sblueswir1 "-bt hci[,vlan=n]\n" \ 24885824d651Sblueswir1 " emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n'\n" \ 24895824d651Sblueswir1 "-bt vhci[,vlan=n]\n" \ 24905824d651Sblueswir1 " add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI\n" \ 24915824d651Sblueswir1 "-bt device:dev[,vlan=n]\n" \ 2492ad96090aSBlue Swirl " emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n'\n", 2493ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 24945824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 24955824d651Sblueswir1@item -bt hci[...] 24966616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -bt 24975824d651Sblueswir1Defines the function of the corresponding Bluetooth HCI. -bt options 24985824d651Sblueswir1are matched with the HCIs present in the chosen machine type. For 24995824d651Sblueswir1example when emulating a machine with only one HCI built into it, only 25005824d651Sblueswir1the first @code{-bt hci[...]} option is valid and defines the HCI's 25015824d651Sblueswir1logic. The Transport Layer is decided by the machine type. Currently 25025824d651Sblueswir1the machines @code{n800} and @code{n810} have one HCI and all other 25035824d651Sblueswir1machines have none. 25045824d651Sblueswir1 25055824d651Sblueswir1@anchor{bt-hcis} 25065824d651Sblueswir1The following three types are recognized: 25075824d651Sblueswir1 2508b3f046c2SKevin Wolf@table @option 25095824d651Sblueswir1@item -bt hci,null 25105824d651Sblueswir1(default) The corresponding Bluetooth HCI assumes no internal logic 25115824d651Sblueswir1and will not respond to any HCI commands or emit events. 25125824d651Sblueswir1 25135824d651Sblueswir1@item -bt hci,host[:@var{id}] 25145824d651Sblueswir1(@code{bluez} only) The corresponding HCI passes commands / events 25155824d651Sblueswir1to / from the physical HCI identified by the name @var{id} (default: 25165824d651Sblueswir1@code{hci0}) on the computer running QEMU. Only available on @code{bluez} 25175824d651Sblueswir1capable systems like Linux. 25185824d651Sblueswir1 25195824d651Sblueswir1@item -bt hci[,vlan=@var{n}] 25205824d651Sblueswir1Add a virtual, standard HCI that will participate in the Bluetooth 25215824d651Sblueswir1scatternet @var{n} (default @code{0}). Similarly to @option{-net} 25225824d651Sblueswir1VLANs, devices inside a bluetooth network @var{n} can only communicate 25235824d651Sblueswir1with other devices in the same network (scatternet). 25245824d651Sblueswir1@end table 25255824d651Sblueswir1 25265824d651Sblueswir1@item -bt vhci[,vlan=@var{n}] 25275824d651Sblueswir1(Linux-host only) Create a HCI in scatternet @var{n} (default 0) attached 25285824d651Sblueswir1to the host bluetooth stack instead of to the emulated target. This 25295824d651Sblueswir1allows the host and target machines to participate in a common scatternet 25305824d651Sblueswir1and communicate. Requires the Linux @code{vhci} driver installed. Can 25315824d651Sblueswir1be used as following: 25325824d651Sblueswir1 25335824d651Sblueswir1@example 25343804da9dSStefan Weilqemu-system-i386 [...OPTIONS...] -bt hci,vlan=5 -bt vhci,vlan=5 25355824d651Sblueswir1@end example 25365824d651Sblueswir1 25375824d651Sblueswir1@item -bt device:@var{dev}[,vlan=@var{n}] 25385824d651Sblueswir1Emulate a bluetooth device @var{dev} and place it in network @var{n} 25395824d651Sblueswir1(default @code{0}). QEMU can only emulate one type of bluetooth devices 25405824d651Sblueswir1currently: 25415824d651Sblueswir1 2542b3f046c2SKevin Wolf@table @option 25435824d651Sblueswir1@item keyboard 25445824d651Sblueswir1Virtual wireless keyboard implementing the HIDP bluetooth profile. 25455824d651Sblueswir1@end table 25465824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 25475824d651Sblueswir1 2548c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 2549c70a01e4SMarkus Armbruster@end table 2550c70a01e4SMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 25515824d651Sblueswir1DEFHEADING() 25525824d651Sblueswir1 2553d1a0cf73SStefan Berger#ifdef CONFIG_TPM 2554d1a0cf73SStefan BergerDEFHEADING(TPM device options:) 2555d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 2556d1a0cf73SStefan BergerDEF("tpmdev", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_tpmdev, \ 255792dcc234SStefan Berger "-tpmdev passthrough,id=id[,path=path][,cancel-path=path]\n" 255892dcc234SStefan Berger " use path to provide path to a character device; default is /dev/tpm0\n" 255992dcc234SStefan Berger " use cancel-path to provide path to TPM's cancel sysfs entry; if\n" 256092dcc234SStefan Berger " not provided it will be searched for in /sys/class/misc/tpm?/device\n", 2561d1a0cf73SStefan Berger QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 2562d1a0cf73SStefan BergerSTEXI 2563d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 2564d1a0cf73SStefan BergerThe general form of a TPM device option is: 2565d1a0cf73SStefan Berger@table @option 2566d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 2567d1a0cf73SStefan Berger@item -tpmdev @var{backend} ,id=@var{id} [,@var{options}] 2568d1a0cf73SStefan Berger@findex -tpmdev 2569d1a0cf73SStefan BergerBackend type must be: 25704549a8b7SStefan Berger@option{passthrough}. 2571d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 2572d1a0cf73SStefan BergerThe specific backend type will determine the applicable options. 257328c4fa32SCorey BryantThe @code{-tpmdev} option creates the TPM backend and requires a 257428c4fa32SCorey Bryant@code{-device} option that specifies the TPM frontend interface model. 2575d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 2576d1a0cf73SStefan BergerOptions to each backend are described below. 2577d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 2578d1a0cf73SStefan BergerUse 'help' to print all available TPM backend types. 2579d1a0cf73SStefan Berger@example 2580d1a0cf73SStefan Bergerqemu -tpmdev help 2581d1a0cf73SStefan Berger@end example 2582d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 258392dcc234SStefan Berger@item -tpmdev passthrough, id=@var{id}, path=@var{path}, cancel-path=@var{cancel-path} 25844549a8b7SStefan Berger 25854549a8b7SStefan Berger(Linux-host only) Enable access to the host's TPM using the passthrough 25864549a8b7SStefan Bergerdriver. 25874549a8b7SStefan Berger 25884549a8b7SStefan Berger@option{path} specifies the path to the host's TPM device, i.e., on 25894549a8b7SStefan Bergera Linux host this would be @code{/dev/tpm0}. 25904549a8b7SStefan Berger@option{path} is optional and by default @code{/dev/tpm0} is used. 25914549a8b7SStefan Berger 259292dcc234SStefan Berger@option{cancel-path} specifies the path to the host TPM device's sysfs 259392dcc234SStefan Bergerentry allowing for cancellation of an ongoing TPM command. 259492dcc234SStefan Berger@option{cancel-path} is optional and by default QEMU will search for the 259592dcc234SStefan Bergersysfs entry to use. 259692dcc234SStefan Berger 25974549a8b7SStefan BergerSome notes about using the host's TPM with the passthrough driver: 25984549a8b7SStefan Berger 25994549a8b7SStefan BergerThe TPM device accessed by the passthrough driver must not be 26004549a8b7SStefan Bergerused by any other application on the host. 26014549a8b7SStefan Berger 26024549a8b7SStefan BergerSince the host's firmware (BIOS/UEFI) has already initialized the TPM, 26034549a8b7SStefan Bergerthe VM's firmware (BIOS/UEFI) will not be able to initialize the 26044549a8b7SStefan BergerTPM again and may therefore not show a TPM-specific menu that would 26054549a8b7SStefan Bergerotherwise allow the user to configure the TPM, e.g., allow the user to 26064549a8b7SStefan Bergerenable/disable or activate/deactivate the TPM. 26074549a8b7SStefan BergerFurther, if TPM ownership is released from within a VM then the host's TPM 26084549a8b7SStefan Bergerwill get disabled and deactivated. To enable and activate the 26094549a8b7SStefan BergerTPM again afterwards, the host has to be rebooted and the user is 26104549a8b7SStefan Bergerrequired to enter the firmware's menu to enable and activate the TPM. 26114549a8b7SStefan BergerIf the TPM is left disabled and/or deactivated most TPM commands will fail. 26124549a8b7SStefan Berger 26134549a8b7SStefan BergerTo create a passthrough TPM use the following two options: 26144549a8b7SStefan Berger@example 26154549a8b7SStefan Berger-tpmdev passthrough,id=tpm0 -device tpm-tis,tpmdev=tpm0 26164549a8b7SStefan Berger@end example 26174549a8b7SStefan BergerNote that the @code{-tpmdev} id is @code{tpm0} and is referenced by 26184549a8b7SStefan Berger@code{tpmdev=tpm0} in the device option. 26194549a8b7SStefan Berger 2620d1a0cf73SStefan Berger@end table 2621d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 2622d1a0cf73SStefan BergerETEXI 2623d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 2624d1a0cf73SStefan BergerDEFHEADING() 2625d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 2626d1a0cf73SStefan Berger#endif 2627d1a0cf73SStefan Berger 26287677f05dSAlexander GrafDEFHEADING(Linux/Multiboot boot specific:) 26295824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 26307677f05dSAlexander Graf 26317677f05dSAlexander GrafWhen using these options, you can use a given Linux or Multiboot 26327677f05dSAlexander Grafkernel without installing it in the disk image. It can be useful 26335824d651Sblueswir1for easier testing of various kernels. 26345824d651Sblueswir1 26355824d651Sblueswir1@table @option 26365824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 26375824d651Sblueswir1 26385824d651Sblueswir1DEF("kernel", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_kernel, \ 2639ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 26405824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 26415824d651Sblueswir1@item -kernel @var{bzImage} 26426616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -kernel 26437677f05dSAlexander GrafUse @var{bzImage} as kernel image. The kernel can be either a Linux kernel 26447677f05dSAlexander Grafor in multiboot format. 26455824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 26465824d651Sblueswir1 26475824d651Sblueswir1DEF("append", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_append, \ 2648ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 26495824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 26505824d651Sblueswir1@item -append @var{cmdline} 26516616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -append 26525824d651Sblueswir1Use @var{cmdline} as kernel command line 26535824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 26545824d651Sblueswir1 26555824d651Sblueswir1DEF("initrd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_initrd, \ 2656ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-initrd file use 'file' as initial ram disk\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 26575824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 26585824d651Sblueswir1@item -initrd @var{file} 26596616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -initrd 26605824d651Sblueswir1Use @var{file} as initial ram disk. 26617677f05dSAlexander Graf 26627677f05dSAlexander Graf@item -initrd "@var{file1} arg=foo,@var{file2}" 26637677f05dSAlexander Graf 26647677f05dSAlexander GrafThis syntax is only available with multiboot. 26657677f05dSAlexander Graf 26667677f05dSAlexander GrafUse @var{file1} and @var{file2} as modules and pass arg=foo as parameter to the 26677677f05dSAlexander Graffirst module. 26685824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 26695824d651Sblueswir1 2670412beee6SGrant LikelyDEF("dtb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_dtb, \ 2671379b5c7cSPeter A. G. Crosthwaite "-dtb file use 'file' as device tree image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 2672412beee6SGrant LikelySTEXI 2673412beee6SGrant Likely@item -dtb @var{file} 2674412beee6SGrant Likely@findex -dtb 2675412beee6SGrant LikelyUse @var{file} as a device tree binary (dtb) image and pass it to the kernel 2676412beee6SGrant Likelyon boot. 2677412beee6SGrant LikelyETEXI 2678412beee6SGrant Likely 26795824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 26805824d651Sblueswir1@end table 26815824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 26825824d651Sblueswir1DEFHEADING() 26835824d651Sblueswir1 26845824d651Sblueswir1DEFHEADING(Debug/Expert options:) 26855824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 26865824d651Sblueswir1@table @option 26875824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 26885824d651Sblueswir1 2689*81b2b810SGabriel L. SomloDEF("fw_cfg", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fwcfg, 2690*81b2b810SGabriel L. Somlo "-fw_cfg [name=]<name>,file=<file>\n" 2691*81b2b810SGabriel L. Somlo " add named fw_cfg entry from file\n", 2692*81b2b810SGabriel L. Somlo QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 2693*81b2b810SGabriel L. SomloSTEXI 2694*81b2b810SGabriel L. Somlo@item -fw_cfg [name=]@var{name},file=@var{file} 2695*81b2b810SGabriel L. Somlo@findex -fw_cfg 2696*81b2b810SGabriel L. SomloAdd named fw_cfg entry from file. @var{name} determines the name of 2697*81b2b810SGabriel L. Somlothe entry in the fw_cfg file directory exposed to the guest. 2698*81b2b810SGabriel L. SomloETEXI 2699*81b2b810SGabriel L. Somlo 27005824d651Sblueswir1DEF("serial", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_serial, \ 2701ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-serial dev redirect the serial port to char device 'dev'\n", 2702ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 27035824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 27045824d651Sblueswir1@item -serial @var{dev} 27056616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -serial 27065824d651Sblueswir1Redirect the virtual serial port to host character device 27075824d651Sblueswir1@var{dev}. The default device is @code{vc} in graphical mode and 27085824d651Sblueswir1@code{stdio} in non graphical mode. 27095824d651Sblueswir1 27105824d651Sblueswir1This option can be used several times to simulate up to 4 serial 27115824d651Sblueswir1ports. 27125824d651Sblueswir1 27135824d651Sblueswir1Use @code{-serial none} to disable all serial ports. 27145824d651Sblueswir1 27155824d651Sblueswir1Available character devices are: 2716b3f046c2SKevin Wolf@table @option 27174e257e5eSKevin Wolf@item vc[:@var{W}x@var{H}] 27185824d651Sblueswir1Virtual console. Optionally, a width and height can be given in pixel with 27195824d651Sblueswir1@example 27205824d651Sblueswir1vc:800x600 27215824d651Sblueswir1@end example 27225824d651Sblueswir1It is also possible to specify width or height in characters: 27235824d651Sblueswir1@example 27245824d651Sblueswir1vc:80Cx24C 27255824d651Sblueswir1@end example 27265824d651Sblueswir1@item pty 27275824d651Sblueswir1[Linux only] Pseudo TTY (a new PTY is automatically allocated) 27285824d651Sblueswir1@item none 27295824d651Sblueswir1No device is allocated. 27305824d651Sblueswir1@item null 27315824d651Sblueswir1void device 273288e020e5SIngo van Lil@item chardev:@var{id} 273388e020e5SIngo van LilUse a named character device defined with the @code{-chardev} option. 27345824d651Sblueswir1@item /dev/XXX 27355824d651Sblueswir1[Linux only] Use host tty, e.g. @file{/dev/ttyS0}. The host serial port 27365824d651Sblueswir1parameters are set according to the emulated ones. 27375824d651Sblueswir1@item /dev/parport@var{N} 27385824d651Sblueswir1[Linux only, parallel port only] Use host parallel port 27395824d651Sblueswir1@var{N}. Currently SPP and EPP parallel port features can be used. 27405824d651Sblueswir1@item file:@var{filename} 27415824d651Sblueswir1Write output to @var{filename}. No character can be read. 27425824d651Sblueswir1@item stdio 27435824d651Sblueswir1[Unix only] standard input/output 27445824d651Sblueswir1@item pipe:@var{filename} 27455824d651Sblueswir1name pipe @var{filename} 27465824d651Sblueswir1@item COM@var{n} 27475824d651Sblueswir1[Windows only] Use host serial port @var{n} 27485824d651Sblueswir1@item udp:[@var{remote_host}]:@var{remote_port}[@@[@var{src_ip}]:@var{src_port}] 27495824d651Sblueswir1This implements UDP Net Console. 27505824d651Sblueswir1When @var{remote_host} or @var{src_ip} are not specified 27515824d651Sblueswir1they default to @code{0.0.0.0}. 27525824d651Sblueswir1When not using a specified @var{src_port} a random port is automatically chosen. 27535824d651Sblueswir1 27545824d651Sblueswir1If you just want a simple readonly console you can use @code{netcat} or 2755b65ee4faSStefan Weil@code{nc}, by starting QEMU with: @code{-serial udp::4555} and nc as: 2756b65ee4faSStefan Weil@code{nc -u -l -p 4555}. Any time QEMU writes something to that port it 27575824d651Sblueswir1will appear in the netconsole session. 27585824d651Sblueswir1 27595824d651Sblueswir1If you plan to send characters back via netconsole or you want to stop 2760b65ee4faSStefan Weiland start QEMU a lot of times, you should have QEMU use the same 27615824d651Sblueswir1source port each time by using something like @code{-serial 2762b65ee4faSStefan Weiludp::4555@@:4556} to QEMU. Another approach is to use a patched 27635824d651Sblueswir1version of netcat which can listen to a TCP port and send and receive 27645824d651Sblueswir1characters via udp. If you have a patched version of netcat which 27655824d651Sblueswir1activates telnet remote echo and single char transfer, then you can 27665824d651Sblueswir1use the following options to step up a netcat redirector to allow 2767b65ee4faSStefan Weiltelnet on port 5555 to access the QEMU port. 27685824d651Sblueswir1@table @code 2769071c9394SStefan Weil@item QEMU Options: 27705824d651Sblueswir1-serial udp::4555@@:4556 27715824d651Sblueswir1@item netcat options: 27725824d651Sblueswir1-u -P 4555 -L 0.0.0.0:4556 -t -p 5555 -I -T 27735824d651Sblueswir1@item telnet options: 27745824d651Sblueswir1localhost 5555 27755824d651Sblueswir1@end table 27765824d651Sblueswir1 27775dd1f02bSCorey Minyard@item tcp:[@var{host}]:@var{port}[,@var{server}][,nowait][,nodelay][,reconnect=@var{seconds}] 27785824d651Sblueswir1The TCP Net Console has two modes of operation. It can send the serial 27795824d651Sblueswir1I/O to a location or wait for a connection from a location. By default 27805824d651Sblueswir1the TCP Net Console is sent to @var{host} at the @var{port}. If you use 27815824d651Sblueswir1the @var{server} option QEMU will wait for a client socket application 27825824d651Sblueswir1to connect to the port before continuing, unless the @code{nowait} 27835824d651Sblueswir1option was specified. The @code{nodelay} option disables the Nagle buffering 27845dd1f02bSCorey Minyardalgorithm. The @code{reconnect} option only applies if @var{noserver} is 27855dd1f02bSCorey Minyardset, if the connection goes down it will attempt to reconnect at the 27865dd1f02bSCorey Minyardgiven interval. If @var{host} is omitted, 0.0.0.0 is assumed. Only 27875824d651Sblueswir1one TCP connection at a time is accepted. You can use @code{telnet} to 27885824d651Sblueswir1connect to the corresponding character device. 27895824d651Sblueswir1@table @code 27905824d651Sblueswir1@item Example to send tcp console to 192.168.0.2 port 4444 27915824d651Sblueswir1-serial tcp:192.168.0.2:4444 27925824d651Sblueswir1@item Example to listen and wait on port 4444 for connection 27935824d651Sblueswir1-serial tcp::4444,server 27945824d651Sblueswir1@item Example to not wait and listen on ip 192.168.0.100 port 4444 27955824d651Sblueswir1-serial tcp:192.168.0.100:4444,server,nowait 27965824d651Sblueswir1@end table 27975824d651Sblueswir1 27985824d651Sblueswir1@item telnet:@var{host}:@var{port}[,server][,nowait][,nodelay] 27995824d651Sblueswir1The telnet protocol is used instead of raw tcp sockets. The options 28005824d651Sblueswir1work the same as if you had specified @code{-serial tcp}. The 28015824d651Sblueswir1difference is that the port acts like a telnet server or client using 28025824d651Sblueswir1telnet option negotiation. This will also allow you to send the 28035824d651Sblueswir1MAGIC_SYSRQ sequence if you use a telnet that supports sending the break 28045824d651Sblueswir1sequence. Typically in unix telnet you do it with Control-] and then 28055824d651Sblueswir1type "send break" followed by pressing the enter key. 28065824d651Sblueswir1 28075dd1f02bSCorey Minyard@item unix:@var{path}[,server][,nowait][,reconnect=@var{seconds}] 28085824d651Sblueswir1A unix domain socket is used instead of a tcp socket. The option works the 28095824d651Sblueswir1same as if you had specified @code{-serial tcp} except the unix domain socket 28105824d651Sblueswir1@var{path} is used for connections. 28115824d651Sblueswir1 28125824d651Sblueswir1@item mon:@var{dev_string} 28135824d651Sblueswir1This is a special option to allow the monitor to be multiplexed onto 28145824d651Sblueswir1another serial port. The monitor is accessed with key sequence of 281502c4bdf1SPaolo Bonzini@key{Control-a} and then pressing @key{c}. 28165824d651Sblueswir1@var{dev_string} should be any one of the serial devices specified 28175824d651Sblueswir1above. An example to multiplex the monitor onto a telnet server 28185824d651Sblueswir1listening on port 4444 would be: 28195824d651Sblueswir1@table @code 28205824d651Sblueswir1@item -serial mon:telnet::4444,server,nowait 28215824d651Sblueswir1@end table 2822be022d61SMichael TokarevWhen the monitor is multiplexed to stdio in this way, Ctrl+C will not terminate 282302c4bdf1SPaolo BonziniQEMU any more but will be passed to the guest instead. 28245824d651Sblueswir1 28255824d651Sblueswir1@item braille 28265824d651Sblueswir1Braille device. This will use BrlAPI to display the braille output on a real 28275824d651Sblueswir1or fake device. 28285824d651Sblueswir1 2829be8b28a9SKevin Wolf@item msmouse 2830be8b28a9SKevin WolfThree button serial mouse. Configure the guest to use Microsoft protocol. 28315824d651Sblueswir1@end table 28325824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 28335824d651Sblueswir1 28345824d651Sblueswir1DEF("parallel", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_parallel, \ 2835ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-parallel dev redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev'\n", 2836ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 28375824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 28385824d651Sblueswir1@item -parallel @var{dev} 28396616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -parallel 28405824d651Sblueswir1Redirect the virtual parallel port to host device @var{dev} (same 28415824d651Sblueswir1devices as the serial port). On Linux hosts, @file{/dev/parportN} can 28425824d651Sblueswir1be used to use hardware devices connected on the corresponding host 28435824d651Sblueswir1parallel port. 28445824d651Sblueswir1 28455824d651Sblueswir1This option can be used several times to simulate up to 3 parallel 28465824d651Sblueswir1ports. 28475824d651Sblueswir1 28485824d651Sblueswir1Use @code{-parallel none} to disable all parallel ports. 28495824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 28505824d651Sblueswir1 28515824d651Sblueswir1DEF("monitor", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_monitor, \ 2852ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-monitor dev redirect the monitor to char device 'dev'\n", 2853ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 28545824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 28554e307fc8SGerd Hoffmann@item -monitor @var{dev} 28566616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -monitor 28575824d651Sblueswir1Redirect the monitor to host device @var{dev} (same devices as the 28585824d651Sblueswir1serial port). 28595824d651Sblueswir1The default device is @code{vc} in graphical mode and @code{stdio} in 28605824d651Sblueswir1non graphical mode. 286170e098afSLuiz CapitulinoUse @code{-monitor none} to disable the default monitor. 28625824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 28636ca5582dSGerd HoffmannDEF("qmp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_qmp, \ 2864ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-qmp dev like -monitor but opens in 'control' mode\n", 2865ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 286695d5f08bSStefan WeilSTEXI 286795d5f08bSStefan Weil@item -qmp @var{dev} 28686616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -qmp 286995d5f08bSStefan WeilLike -monitor but opens in 'control' mode. 287095d5f08bSStefan WeilETEXI 28714821cd4cSMax ReitzDEF("qmp-pretty", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_qmp_pretty, \ 28724821cd4cSMax Reitz "-qmp-pretty dev like -qmp but uses pretty JSON formatting\n", 28734821cd4cSMax Reitz QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 28744821cd4cSMax ReitzSTEXI 28754821cd4cSMax Reitz@item -qmp-pretty @var{dev} 28764821cd4cSMax Reitz@findex -qmp-pretty 28774821cd4cSMax ReitzLike -qmp but uses pretty JSON formatting. 28784821cd4cSMax ReitzETEXI 28795824d651Sblueswir1 288022a0e04bSGerd HoffmannDEF("mon", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_mon, \ 2881f17e4eaaSMichael Tokarev "-mon [chardev=]name[,mode=readline|control][,default]\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 288222a0e04bSGerd HoffmannSTEXI 2883f17e4eaaSMichael Tokarev@item -mon [chardev=]name[,mode=readline|control][,default] 28846616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -mon 288522a0e04bSGerd HoffmannSetup monitor on chardev @var{name}. 288622a0e04bSGerd HoffmannETEXI 288722a0e04bSGerd Hoffmann 2888c9f398e5SH. Peter AnvinDEF("debugcon", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_debugcon, \ 2889ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-debugcon dev redirect the debug console to char device 'dev'\n", 2890ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 2891c9f398e5SH. Peter AnvinSTEXI 2892c9f398e5SH. Peter Anvin@item -debugcon @var{dev} 28936616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -debugcon 2894c9f398e5SH. Peter AnvinRedirect the debug console to host device @var{dev} (same devices as the 2895c9f398e5SH. Peter Anvinserial port). The debug console is an I/O port which is typically port 2896c9f398e5SH. Peter Anvin0xe9; writing to that I/O port sends output to this device. 2897c9f398e5SH. Peter AnvinThe default device is @code{vc} in graphical mode and @code{stdio} in 2898c9f398e5SH. Peter Anvinnon graphical mode. 2899c9f398e5SH. Peter AnvinETEXI 2900c9f398e5SH. Peter Anvin 29015824d651Sblueswir1DEF("pidfile", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_pidfile, \ 2902ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-pidfile file write PID to 'file'\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 29035824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 29045824d651Sblueswir1@item -pidfile @var{file} 29056616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -pidfile 29065824d651Sblueswir1Store the QEMU process PID in @var{file}. It is useful if you launch QEMU 29075824d651Sblueswir1from a script. 29085824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 29095824d651Sblueswir1 29101b530a6dSaurel32DEF("singlestep", 0, QEMU_OPTION_singlestep, \ 2911ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-singlestep always run in singlestep mode\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 29121b530a6dSaurel32STEXI 29131b530a6dSaurel32@item -singlestep 29146616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -singlestep 29151b530a6dSaurel32Run the emulation in single step mode. 29161b530a6dSaurel32ETEXI 29171b530a6dSaurel32 29185824d651Sblueswir1DEF("S", 0, QEMU_OPTION_S, \ 2919ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-S freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution)\n", 2920ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 29215824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 29225824d651Sblueswir1@item -S 29236616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -S 29245824d651Sblueswir1Do not start CPU at startup (you must type 'c' in the monitor). 29255824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 29265824d651Sblueswir1 2927888a6bc6SSatoru MoriyaDEF("realtime", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_realtime, 2928888a6bc6SSatoru Moriya "-realtime [mlock=on|off]\n" 2929888a6bc6SSatoru Moriya " run qemu with realtime features\n" 2930888a6bc6SSatoru Moriya " mlock=on|off controls mlock support (default: on)\n", 2931888a6bc6SSatoru Moriya QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 2932888a6bc6SSatoru MoriyaSTEXI 2933888a6bc6SSatoru Moriya@item -realtime mlock=on|off 2934888a6bc6SSatoru Moriya@findex -realtime 2935888a6bc6SSatoru MoriyaRun qemu with realtime features. 2936888a6bc6SSatoru Moriyamlocking qemu and guest memory can be enabled via @option{mlock=on} 2937888a6bc6SSatoru Moriya(enabled by default). 2938888a6bc6SSatoru MoriyaETEXI 2939888a6bc6SSatoru Moriya 294059030a8cSaliguoriDEF("gdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_gdb, \ 2941ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-gdb dev wait for gdb connection on 'dev'\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 29425824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 294359030a8cSaliguori@item -gdb @var{dev} 29446616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -gdb 294559030a8cSaliguoriWait for gdb connection on device @var{dev} (@pxref{gdb_usage}). Typical 294659030a8cSaliguoriconnections will likely be TCP-based, but also UDP, pseudo TTY, or even 2947b65ee4faSStefan Weilstdio are reasonable use case. The latter is allowing to start QEMU from 294859030a8cSaliguoriwithin gdb and establish the connection via a pipe: 294959030a8cSaliguori@example 29503804da9dSStefan Weil(gdb) target remote | exec qemu-system-i386 -gdb stdio ... 295159030a8cSaliguori@end example 29525824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 29535824d651Sblueswir1 295459030a8cSaliguoriDEF("s", 0, QEMU_OPTION_s, \ 2955ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-s shorthand for -gdb tcp::" DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT "\n", 2956ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 29575824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 295859030a8cSaliguori@item -s 29596616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -s 296059030a8cSaliguoriShorthand for -gdb tcp::1234, i.e. open a gdbserver on TCP port 1234 296159030a8cSaliguori(@pxref{gdb_usage}). 29625824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 29635824d651Sblueswir1 29645824d651Sblueswir1DEF("d", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_d, \ 2965989b697dSPeter Maydell "-d item1,... enable logging of specified items (use '-d help' for a list of log items)\n", 2966ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 29675824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 2968989b697dSPeter Maydell@item -d @var{item1}[,...] 29696616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -d 2970989b697dSPeter MaydellEnable logging of specified items. Use '-d help' for a list of log items. 29715824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 29725824d651Sblueswir1 2973c235d738SMatthew FernandezDEF("D", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_D, \ 2974989b697dSPeter Maydell "-D logfile output log to logfile (default stderr)\n", 2975c235d738SMatthew Fernandez QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 2976c235d738SMatthew FernandezSTEXI 29778bd383b4SStefan Weil@item -D @var{logfile} 2978c235d738SMatthew Fernandez@findex -D 2979989b697dSPeter MaydellOutput log in @var{logfile} instead of to stderr 2980c235d738SMatthew FernandezETEXI 2981c235d738SMatthew Fernandez 29825824d651Sblueswir1DEF("L", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_L, \ 2983ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-L path set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps\n", 2984ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 29855824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 29865824d651Sblueswir1@item -L @var{path} 29876616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -L 29885824d651Sblueswir1Set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps. 29895824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 29905824d651Sblueswir1 29915824d651Sblueswir1DEF("bios", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bios, \ 2992ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-bios file set the filename for the BIOS\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 29935824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 29945824d651Sblueswir1@item -bios @var{file} 29956616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -bios 29965824d651Sblueswir1Set the filename for the BIOS. 29975824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 29985824d651Sblueswir1 29995824d651Sblueswir1DEF("enable-kvm", 0, QEMU_OPTION_enable_kvm, \ 3000ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-enable-kvm enable KVM full virtualization support\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 30015824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 30025824d651Sblueswir1@item -enable-kvm 30036616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -enable-kvm 30045824d651Sblueswir1Enable KVM full virtualization support. This option is only available 30055824d651Sblueswir1if KVM support is enabled when compiling. 30065824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 30075824d651Sblueswir1 3008e37630caSaliguoriDEF("xen-domid", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid, 3009ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-xen-domid id specify xen guest domain id\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 3010e37630caSaliguoriDEF("xen-create", 0, QEMU_OPTION_xen_create, 3011e37630caSaliguori "-xen-create create domain using xen hypercalls, bypassing xend\n" 3012ad96090aSBlue Swirl " warning: should not be used when xend is in use\n", 3013ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 3014e37630caSaliguoriDEF("xen-attach", 0, QEMU_OPTION_xen_attach, 3015e37630caSaliguori "-xen-attach attach to existing xen domain\n" 3016b65ee4faSStefan Weil " xend will use this when starting QEMU\n", 3017ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 301895d5f08bSStefan WeilSTEXI 301995d5f08bSStefan Weil@item -xen-domid @var{id} 30206616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -xen-domid 302195d5f08bSStefan WeilSpecify xen guest domain @var{id} (XEN only). 302295d5f08bSStefan Weil@item -xen-create 30236616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -xen-create 302495d5f08bSStefan WeilCreate domain using xen hypercalls, bypassing xend. 302595d5f08bSStefan WeilWarning: should not be used when xend is in use (XEN only). 302695d5f08bSStefan Weil@item -xen-attach 30276616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -xen-attach 302895d5f08bSStefan WeilAttach to existing xen domain. 3029b65ee4faSStefan Weilxend will use this when starting QEMU (XEN only). 303095d5f08bSStefan WeilETEXI 3031e37630caSaliguori 30325824d651Sblueswir1DEF("no-reboot", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_reboot, \ 3033ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-no-reboot exit instead of rebooting\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 30345824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 30355824d651Sblueswir1@item -no-reboot 30366616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -no-reboot 30375824d651Sblueswir1Exit instead of rebooting. 30385824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 30395824d651Sblueswir1 30405824d651Sblueswir1DEF("no-shutdown", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_shutdown, \ 3041ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-no-shutdown stop before shutdown\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 30425824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 30435824d651Sblueswir1@item -no-shutdown 30446616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -no-shutdown 30455824d651Sblueswir1Don't exit QEMU on guest shutdown, but instead only stop the emulation. 30465824d651Sblueswir1This allows for instance switching to monitor to commit changes to the 30475824d651Sblueswir1disk image. 30485824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 30495824d651Sblueswir1 30505824d651Sblueswir1DEF("loadvm", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_loadvm, \ 30515824d651Sblueswir1 "-loadvm [tag|id]\n" \ 3052ad96090aSBlue Swirl " start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor)\n", 3053ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 30545824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 30555824d651Sblueswir1@item -loadvm @var{file} 30566616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -loadvm 30575824d651Sblueswir1Start right away with a saved state (@code{loadvm} in monitor) 30585824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 30595824d651Sblueswir1 30605824d651Sblueswir1#ifndef _WIN32 30615824d651Sblueswir1DEF("daemonize", 0, QEMU_OPTION_daemonize, \ 3062ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-daemonize daemonize QEMU after initializing\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 30635824d651Sblueswir1#endif 30645824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 30655824d651Sblueswir1@item -daemonize 30666616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -daemonize 30675824d651Sblueswir1Daemonize the QEMU process after initialization. QEMU will not detach from 30685824d651Sblueswir1standard IO until it is ready to receive connections on any of its devices. 30695824d651Sblueswir1This option is a useful way for external programs to launch QEMU without having 30705824d651Sblueswir1to cope with initialization race conditions. 30715824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 30725824d651Sblueswir1 30735824d651Sblueswir1DEF("option-rom", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_option_rom, \ 3074ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space\n", 3075ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 30765824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 30775824d651Sblueswir1@item -option-rom @var{file} 30786616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -option-rom 30795824d651Sblueswir1Load the contents of @var{file} as an option ROM. 30805824d651Sblueswir1This option is useful to load things like EtherBoot. 30815824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 30825824d651Sblueswir1 3083e218052fSMarkus ArmbrusterHXCOMM Silently ignored for compatibility 3084e218052fSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("clock", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_clock, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 30855824d651Sblueswir1 30861ed2fc1fSJan KiszkaHXCOMM Options deprecated by -rtc 3087ad96090aSBlue SwirlDEF("localtime", 0, QEMU_OPTION_localtime, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 3088ad96090aSBlue SwirlDEF("startdate", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_startdate, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 30895824d651Sblueswir1 30901ed2fc1fSJan KiszkaDEF("rtc", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_rtc, \ 309178808141SPaolo Bonzini "-rtc [base=utc|localtime|date][,clock=host|rt|vm][,driftfix=none|slew]\n" \ 3092ad96090aSBlue Swirl " set the RTC base and clock, enable drift fix for clock ticks (x86 only)\n", 3093ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 30941ed2fc1fSJan Kiszka 30955824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 30965824d651Sblueswir1 30976875204cSJan Kiszka@item -rtc [base=utc|localtime|@var{date}][,clock=host|vm][,driftfix=none|slew] 30986616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -rtc 30991ed2fc1fSJan KiszkaSpecify @option{base} as @code{utc} or @code{localtime} to let the RTC start at the current 31001ed2fc1fSJan KiszkaUTC or local time, respectively. @code{localtime} is required for correct date in 31011ed2fc1fSJan KiszkaMS-DOS or Windows. To start at a specific point in time, provide @var{date} in the 31021ed2fc1fSJan Kiszkaformat @code{2006-06-17T16:01:21} or @code{2006-06-17}. The default base is UTC. 31031ed2fc1fSJan Kiszka 31049d85d557SMichael TokarevBy default the RTC is driven by the host system time. This allows using of the 31056875204cSJan KiszkaRTC as accurate reference clock inside the guest, specifically if the host 31066875204cSJan Kiszkatime is smoothly following an accurate external reference clock, e.g. via NTP. 310778808141SPaolo BonziniIf you want to isolate the guest time from the host, you can set @option{clock} 310878808141SPaolo Bonzinito @code{rt} instead. To even prevent it from progressing during suspension, 310978808141SPaolo Bonziniyou can set it to @code{vm}. 31106875204cSJan Kiszka 31111ed2fc1fSJan KiszkaEnable @option{driftfix} (i386 targets only) if you experience time drift problems, 31121ed2fc1fSJan Kiszkaspecifically with Windows' ACPI HAL. This option will try to figure out how 31131ed2fc1fSJan Kiszkamany timer interrupts were not processed by the Windows guest and will 31141ed2fc1fSJan Kiszkare-inject them. 31155824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 31165824d651Sblueswir1 31175824d651Sblueswir1DEF("icount", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_icount, \ 3118f1f4b57eSVictor CLEMENT "-icount [shift=N|auto][,align=on|off][,sleep=no]\n" \ 3119bc14ca24Saliguori " enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per\n" \ 3120f1f4b57eSVictor CLEMENT " instruction, enable aligning the host and virtual clocks\n" \ 3121f1f4b57eSVictor CLEMENT " or disable real time cpu sleeping\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 31225824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 31231ad9580bSSebastian Tanase@item -icount [shift=@var{N}|auto] 31246616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -icount 31255824d651Sblueswir1Enable virtual instruction counter. The virtual cpu will execute one 31264e257e5eSKevin Wolfinstruction every 2^@var{N} ns of virtual time. If @code{auto} is specified 31275824d651Sblueswir1then the virtual cpu speed will be automatically adjusted to keep virtual 31285824d651Sblueswir1time within a few seconds of real time. 31295824d651Sblueswir1 3130f1f4b57eSVictor CLEMENTWhen the virtual cpu is sleeping, the virtual time will advance at default 3131f1f4b57eSVictor CLEMENTspeed unless @option{sleep=no} is specified. 3132f1f4b57eSVictor CLEMENTWith @option{sleep=no}, the virtual time will jump to the next timer deadline 3133f1f4b57eSVictor CLEMENTinstantly whenever the virtual cpu goes to sleep mode and will not advance 3134f1f4b57eSVictor CLEMENTif no timer is enabled. This behavior give deterministic execution times from 3135f1f4b57eSVictor CLEMENTthe guest point of view. 3136f1f4b57eSVictor CLEMENT 31375824d651Sblueswir1Note that while this option can give deterministic behavior, it does not 31385824d651Sblueswir1provide cycle accurate emulation. Modern CPUs contain superscalar out of 31395824d651Sblueswir1order cores with complex cache hierarchies. The number of instructions 31405824d651Sblueswir1executed often has little or no correlation with actual performance. 3141a8bfac37SSebastian Tanase 3142a8bfac37SSebastian Tanase@option{align=on} will activate the delay algorithm which will try to 3143a8bfac37SSebastian Tanaseto synchronise the host clock and the virtual clock. The goal is to 3144a8bfac37SSebastian Tanasehave a guest running at the real frequency imposed by the shift option. 3145a8bfac37SSebastian TanaseWhenever the guest clock is behind the host clock and if 314682597615SMichael Tokarev@option{align=on} is specified then we print a message to the user 3147a8bfac37SSebastian Tanaseto inform about the delay. 3148a8bfac37SSebastian TanaseCurrently this option does not work when @option{shift} is @code{auto}. 3149a8bfac37SSebastian TanaseNote: The sync algorithm will work for those shift values for which 3150a8bfac37SSebastian Tanasethe guest clock runs ahead of the host clock. Typically this happens 3151a8bfac37SSebastian Tanasewhen the shift value is high (how high depends on the host machine). 31525824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 31535824d651Sblueswir1 31549dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesDEF("watchdog", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_watchdog, \ 31559dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones "-watchdog i6300esb|ib700\n" \ 3156ad96090aSBlue Swirl " enable virtual hardware watchdog [default=none]\n", 3157ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 31589dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesSTEXI 31599dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@item -watchdog @var{model} 31606616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -watchdog 31619dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesCreate a virtual hardware watchdog device. Once enabled (by a guest 31629dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jonesaction), the watchdog must be periodically polled by an agent inside 31639dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jonesthe guest or else the guest will be restarted. 31649dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones 31659dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesThe @var{model} is the model of hardware watchdog to emulate. Choices 31669dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jonesfor model are: @code{ib700} (iBASE 700) which is a very simple ISA 31679dd986ccSRichard W.M. Joneswatchdog with a single timer, or @code{i6300esb} (Intel 6300ESB I/O 31689dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jonescontroller hub) which is a much more featureful PCI-based dual-timer 31699dd986ccSRichard W.M. Joneswatchdog. Choose a model for which your guest has drivers. 31709dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones 3171585f6036SPeter MaydellUse @code{-watchdog help} to list available hardware models. Only one 31729dd986ccSRichard W.M. Joneswatchdog can be enabled for a guest. 31739dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesETEXI 31749dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones 31759dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesDEF("watchdog-action", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_watchdog_action, \ 31769dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones "-watchdog-action reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none\n" \ 3177ad96090aSBlue Swirl " action when watchdog fires [default=reset]\n", 3178ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 31799dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesSTEXI 31809dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@item -watchdog-action @var{action} 3181b8f490ebSMarkus Armbruster@findex -watchdog-action 31829dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones 31839dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesThe @var{action} controls what QEMU will do when the watchdog timer 31849dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jonesexpires. 31859dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesThe default is 31869dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@code{reset} (forcefully reset the guest). 31879dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesOther possible actions are: 31889dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@code{shutdown} (attempt to gracefully shutdown the guest), 31899dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@code{poweroff} (forcefully poweroff the guest), 31909dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@code{pause} (pause the guest), 31919dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@code{debug} (print a debug message and continue), or 31929dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@code{none} (do nothing). 31939dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones 31949dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesNote that the @code{shutdown} action requires that the guest responds 31959dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jonesto ACPI signals, which it may not be able to do in the sort of 31969dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jonessituations where the watchdog would have expired, and thus 31979dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@code{-watchdog-action shutdown} is not recommended for production use. 31989dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones 31999dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesExamples: 32009dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones 32019dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@table @code 32029dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@item -watchdog i6300esb -watchdog-action pause 32039dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@item -watchdog ib700 32049dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones@end table 32059dd986ccSRichard W.M. JonesETEXI 32069dd986ccSRichard W.M. Jones 32075824d651Sblueswir1DEF("echr", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_echr, \ 3208ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-echr chr set terminal escape character instead of ctrl-a\n", 3209ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 32105824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 32115824d651Sblueswir1 32124e257e5eSKevin Wolf@item -echr @var{numeric_ascii_value} 32136616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -echr 32145824d651Sblueswir1Change the escape character used for switching to the monitor when using 32155824d651Sblueswir1monitor and serial sharing. The default is @code{0x01} when using the 32165824d651Sblueswir1@code{-nographic} option. @code{0x01} is equal to pressing 32175824d651Sblueswir1@code{Control-a}. You can select a different character from the ascii 32185824d651Sblueswir1control keys where 1 through 26 map to Control-a through Control-z. For 32195824d651Sblueswir1instance you could use the either of the following to change the escape 32205824d651Sblueswir1character to Control-t. 32215824d651Sblueswir1@table @code 32225824d651Sblueswir1@item -echr 0x14 32235824d651Sblueswir1@item -echr 20 32245824d651Sblueswir1@end table 32255824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 32265824d651Sblueswir1 32275824d651Sblueswir1DEF("virtioconsole", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_virtiocon, \ 32285824d651Sblueswir1 "-virtioconsole c\n" \ 3229ad96090aSBlue Swirl " set virtio console\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 32305824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 32315824d651Sblueswir1@item -virtioconsole @var{c} 32326616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -virtioconsole 32335824d651Sblueswir1Set virtio console. 323498b19252SAmit Shah 323598b19252SAmit ShahThis option is maintained for backward compatibility. 323698b19252SAmit Shah 323798b19252SAmit ShahPlease use @code{-device virtconsole} for the new way of invocation. 32385824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 32395824d651Sblueswir1 32405824d651Sblueswir1DEF("show-cursor", 0, QEMU_OPTION_show_cursor, \ 3241ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-show-cursor show cursor\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 32425824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 324395d5f08bSStefan Weil@item -show-cursor 32446616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -show-cursor 324595d5f08bSStefan WeilShow cursor. 32465824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 32475824d651Sblueswir1 32485824d651Sblueswir1DEF("tb-size", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_tb_size, \ 3249ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-tb-size n set TB size\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 32505824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 325195d5f08bSStefan Weil@item -tb-size @var{n} 32526616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -tb-size 325395d5f08bSStefan WeilSet TB size. 32545824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 32555824d651Sblueswir1 32565824d651Sblueswir1DEF("incoming", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_incoming, \ 32577c601803SMichael Tokarev "-incoming tcp:[host]:port[,to=maxport][,ipv4][,ipv6]\n" \ 32587c601803SMichael Tokarev "-incoming rdma:host:port[,ipv4][,ipv6]\n" \ 32597c601803SMichael Tokarev "-incoming unix:socketpath\n" \ 32607c601803SMichael Tokarev " prepare for incoming migration, listen on\n" \ 32617c601803SMichael Tokarev " specified protocol and socket address\n" \ 32627c601803SMichael Tokarev "-incoming fd:fd\n" \ 32637c601803SMichael Tokarev "-incoming exec:cmdline\n" \ 32647c601803SMichael Tokarev " accept incoming migration on given file descriptor\n" \ 32651597051bSDr. David Alan Gilbert " or from given external command\n" \ 32661597051bSDr. David Alan Gilbert "-incoming defer\n" \ 32671597051bSDr. David Alan Gilbert " wait for the URI to be specified via migrate_incoming\n", 3268ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 32695824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 32707c601803SMichael Tokarev@item -incoming tcp:[@var{host}]:@var{port}[,to=@var{maxport}][,ipv4][,ipv6] 32717c601803SMichael Tokarev@item -incoming rdma:@var{host}:@var{port}[,ipv4][,ipv6] 32726616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -incoming 32737c601803SMichael TokarevPrepare for incoming migration, listen on a given tcp port. 32747c601803SMichael Tokarev 32757c601803SMichael Tokarev@item -incoming unix:@var{socketpath} 32767c601803SMichael TokarevPrepare for incoming migration, listen on a given unix socket. 32777c601803SMichael Tokarev 32787c601803SMichael Tokarev@item -incoming fd:@var{fd} 32797c601803SMichael TokarevAccept incoming migration from a given filedescriptor. 32807c601803SMichael Tokarev 32817c601803SMichael Tokarev@item -incoming exec:@var{cmdline} 32827c601803SMichael TokarevAccept incoming migration as an output from specified external command. 32831597051bSDr. David Alan Gilbert 32841597051bSDr. David Alan Gilbert@item -incoming defer 32851597051bSDr. David Alan GilbertWait for the URI to be specified via migrate_incoming. The monitor can 32861597051bSDr. David Alan Gilbertbe used to change settings (such as migration parameters) prior to issuing 32871597051bSDr. David Alan Gilbertthe migrate_incoming to allow the migration to begin. 32885824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 32895824d651Sblueswir1 3290d8c208ddSGerd HoffmannDEF("nodefaults", 0, QEMU_OPTION_nodefaults, \ 3291ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-nodefaults don't create default devices\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 3292d8c208ddSGerd HoffmannSTEXI 32933dbf2c7fSStefan Weil@item -nodefaults 32946616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -nodefaults 329566c19bf1SMichal NovotnyDon't create default devices. Normally, QEMU sets the default devices like serial 329666c19bf1SMichal Novotnyport, parallel port, virtual console, monitor device, VGA adapter, floppy and 329766c19bf1SMichal NovotnyCD-ROM drive and others. The @code{-nodefaults} option will disable all those 329866c19bf1SMichal Novotnydefault devices. 3299d8c208ddSGerd HoffmannETEXI 3300d8c208ddSGerd Hoffmann 33015824d651Sblueswir1#ifndef _WIN32 33025824d651Sblueswir1DEF("chroot", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_chroot, \ 3303ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-chroot dir chroot to dir just before starting the VM\n", 3304ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 33055824d651Sblueswir1#endif 33065824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 33074e257e5eSKevin Wolf@item -chroot @var{dir} 33086616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -chroot 33095824d651Sblueswir1Immediately before starting guest execution, chroot to the specified 33105824d651Sblueswir1directory. Especially useful in combination with -runas. 33115824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 33125824d651Sblueswir1 33135824d651Sblueswir1#ifndef _WIN32 33145824d651Sblueswir1DEF("runas", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_runas, \ 3315ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-runas user change to user id user just before starting the VM\n", 3316ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 33175824d651Sblueswir1#endif 33185824d651Sblueswir1STEXI 33194e257e5eSKevin Wolf@item -runas @var{user} 33206616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -runas 33215824d651Sblueswir1Immediately before starting guest execution, drop root privileges, switching 33225824d651Sblueswir1to the specified user. 33235824d651Sblueswir1ETEXI 33245824d651Sblueswir1 33255824d651Sblueswir1DEF("prom-env", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_prom_env, 33265824d651Sblueswir1 "-prom-env variable=value\n" 3327ad96090aSBlue Swirl " set OpenBIOS nvram variables\n", 3328ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_PPC | QEMU_ARCH_SPARC) 332995d5f08bSStefan WeilSTEXI 333095d5f08bSStefan Weil@item -prom-env @var{variable}=@var{value} 33316616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -prom-env 333295d5f08bSStefan WeilSet OpenBIOS nvram @var{variable} to given @var{value} (PPC, SPARC only). 333395d5f08bSStefan WeilETEXI 33345824d651Sblueswir1DEF("semihosting", 0, QEMU_OPTION_semihosting, 3335f7bbcfb5SMichael Walle "-semihosting semihosting mode\n", 3336f7bbcfb5SMichael Walle QEMU_ARCH_ARM | QEMU_ARCH_M68K | QEMU_ARCH_XTENSA | QEMU_ARCH_LM32) 333795d5f08bSStefan WeilSTEXI 333895d5f08bSStefan Weil@item -semihosting 33396616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -semihosting 3340a38bb079SLiviu IonescuEnable semihosting mode (ARM, M68K, Xtensa only). 3341a38bb079SLiviu IonescuETEXI 3342a38bb079SLiviu IonescuDEF("semihosting-config", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_semihosting_config, 3343a38bb079SLiviu Ionescu "-semihosting-config [enable=on|off,]target=native|gdb|auto semihosting configuration\n", 3344a38bb079SLiviu IonescuQEMU_ARCH_ARM | QEMU_ARCH_M68K | QEMU_ARCH_XTENSA | QEMU_ARCH_LM32) 3345a38bb079SLiviu IonescuSTEXI 3346a38bb079SLiviu Ionescu@item -semihosting-config [enable=on|off,]target=native|gdb|auto 3347a38bb079SLiviu Ionescu@findex -semihosting-config 3348a38bb079SLiviu IonescuEnable semihosting and define where the semihosting calls will be addressed, 3349a38bb079SLiviu Ionescuto QEMU (@code{native}) or to GDB (@code{gdb}). The default is @code{auto}, which means 3350a38bb079SLiviu Ionescu@code{gdb} during debug sessions and @code{native} otherwise (ARM, M68K, Xtensa only). 335195d5f08bSStefan WeilETEXI 33525824d651Sblueswir1DEF("old-param", 0, QEMU_OPTION_old_param, 3353ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-old-param old param mode\n", QEMU_ARCH_ARM) 335495d5f08bSStefan WeilSTEXI 335595d5f08bSStefan Weil@item -old-param 33566616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -old-param (ARM) 335795d5f08bSStefan WeilOld param mode (ARM only). 335895d5f08bSStefan WeilETEXI 335995d5f08bSStefan Weil 33607d76ad4fSEduardo OtuboDEF("sandbox", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_sandbox, \ 33617d76ad4fSEduardo Otubo "-sandbox <arg> Enable seccomp mode 2 system call filter (default 'off').\n", 33627d76ad4fSEduardo Otubo QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 33637d76ad4fSEduardo OtuboSTEXI 33646265c43bSMarkus Armbruster@item -sandbox @var{arg} 33657d76ad4fSEduardo Otubo@findex -sandbox 33667d76ad4fSEduardo OtuboEnable Seccomp mode 2 system call filter. 'on' will enable syscall filtering and 'off' will 33677d76ad4fSEduardo Otubodisable it. The default is 'off'. 33687d76ad4fSEduardo OtuboETEXI 33697d76ad4fSEduardo Otubo 3370715a664aSGerd HoffmannDEF("readconfig", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_readconfig, 3371ad96090aSBlue Swirl "-readconfig <file>\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 33723dbf2c7fSStefan WeilSTEXI 33733dbf2c7fSStefan Weil@item -readconfig @var{file} 33746616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -readconfig 3375ed24cfacSMichal NovotnyRead device configuration from @var{file}. This approach is useful when you want to spawn 3376ed24cfacSMichal NovotnyQEMU process with many command line options but you don't want to exceed the command line 3377ed24cfacSMichal Novotnycharacter limit. 33783dbf2c7fSStefan WeilETEXI 3379715a664aSGerd HoffmannDEF("writeconfig", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_writeconfig, 3380715a664aSGerd Hoffmann "-writeconfig <file>\n" 3381ad96090aSBlue Swirl " read/write config file\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 33823dbf2c7fSStefan WeilSTEXI 33833dbf2c7fSStefan Weil@item -writeconfig @var{file} 33846616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -writeconfig 3385ed24cfacSMichal NovotnyWrite device configuration to @var{file}. The @var{file} can be either filename to save 3386ed24cfacSMichal Novotnycommand line and device configuration into file or dash @code{-}) character to print the 3387ed24cfacSMichal Novotnyoutput to stdout. This can be later used as input file for @code{-readconfig} option. 33883dbf2c7fSStefan WeilETEXI 3389292444cbSAnthony LiguoriDEF("nodefconfig", 0, QEMU_OPTION_nodefconfig, 3390292444cbSAnthony Liguori "-nodefconfig\n" 3391ad96090aSBlue Swirl " do not load default config files at startup\n", 3392ad96090aSBlue Swirl QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 3393292444cbSAnthony LiguoriSTEXI 3394292444cbSAnthony Liguori@item -nodefconfig 33956616b2adSStefan Weil@findex -nodefconfig 3396f29a5614SEduardo HabkostNormally QEMU loads configuration files from @var{sysconfdir} and @var{datadir} at startup. 3397f29a5614SEduardo HabkostThe @code{-nodefconfig} option will prevent QEMU from loading any of those config files. 3398f29a5614SEduardo HabkostETEXI 3399f29a5614SEduardo HabkostDEF("no-user-config", 0, QEMU_OPTION_nouserconfig, 3400f29a5614SEduardo Habkost "-no-user-config\n" 3401f29a5614SEduardo Habkost " do not load user-provided config files at startup\n", 3402f29a5614SEduardo Habkost QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 3403f29a5614SEduardo HabkostSTEXI 3404f29a5614SEduardo Habkost@item -no-user-config 3405f29a5614SEduardo Habkost@findex -no-user-config 3406f29a5614SEduardo HabkostThe @code{-no-user-config} option makes QEMU not load any of the user-provided 3407f29a5614SEduardo Habkostconfig files on @var{sysconfdir}, but won't make it skip the QEMU-provided config 3408f29a5614SEduardo Habkostfiles from @var{datadir}. 3409292444cbSAnthony LiguoriETEXI 3410ab6540d5SPrerna SaxenaDEF("trace", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_trace, 341123d15e86SLluís "-trace [events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n" 341223d15e86SLluís " specify tracing options\n", 3413ab6540d5SPrerna Saxena QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 3414ab6540d5SPrerna SaxenaSTEXI 341523d15e86SLluísHXCOMM This line is not accurate, as some sub-options are backend-specific but 341623d15e86SLluísHXCOMM HX does not support conditional compilation of text. 341723d15e86SLluís@item -trace [events=@var{file}][,file=@var{file}] 3418ab6540d5SPrerna Saxena@findex -trace 3419e4858974SLluís 342023d15e86SLluísSpecify tracing options. 342123d15e86SLluís 342223d15e86SLluís@table @option 342323d15e86SLluís@item events=@var{file} 342423d15e86SLluísImmediately enable events listed in @var{file}. 342523d15e86SLluísThe file must contain one event name (as listed in the @var{trace-events} file) 342623d15e86SLluísper line. 3427c1ba4e0bSStefan WeilThis option is only available if QEMU has been compiled with 3428c1ba4e0bSStefan Weileither @var{simple} or @var{stderr} tracing backend. 342923d15e86SLluís@item file=@var{file} 343023d15e86SLluísLog output traces to @var{file}. 343123d15e86SLluís 3432c1ba4e0bSStefan WeilThis option is only available if QEMU has been compiled with 3433c1ba4e0bSStefan Weilthe @var{simple} tracing backend. 343423d15e86SLluís@end table 3435ab6540d5SPrerna SaxenaETEXI 34363dbf2c7fSStefan Weil 343731e70d6cSMarkus ArmbrusterHXCOMM Internal use 343831e70d6cSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("qtest", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_qtest, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 343931e70d6cSMarkus ArmbrusterDEF("qtest-log", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_qtest_log, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 3440c7f0f3b1SAnthony Liguori 34410f66998fSPaul Moore#ifdef __linux__ 34420f66998fSPaul MooreDEF("enable-fips", 0, QEMU_OPTION_enablefips, 34430f66998fSPaul Moore "-enable-fips enable FIPS 140-2 compliance\n", 34440f66998fSPaul Moore QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 34450f66998fSPaul Moore#endif 34460f66998fSPaul MooreSTEXI 34470f66998fSPaul Moore@item -enable-fips 34480f66998fSPaul Moore@findex -enable-fips 34490f66998fSPaul MooreEnable FIPS 140-2 compliance mode. 34500f66998fSPaul MooreETEXI 34510f66998fSPaul Moore 3452a0dac021SJan KiszkaHXCOMM Deprecated by -machine accel=tcg property 3453c6e88b3bSBruce RogersDEF("no-kvm", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_kvm, "", QEMU_ARCH_I386) 3454a0dac021SJan Kiszka 3455c21fb4f8SJan KiszkaHXCOMM Deprecated by kvm-pit driver properties 3456c6e88b3bSBruce RogersDEF("no-kvm-pit-reinjection", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_kvm_pit_reinjection, 3457c21fb4f8SJan Kiszka "", QEMU_ARCH_I386) 3458c21fb4f8SJan Kiszka 34594086bde8SJan KiszkaHXCOMM Deprecated (ignored) 3460c6e88b3bSBruce RogersDEF("no-kvm-pit", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_kvm_pit, "", QEMU_ARCH_I386) 34614086bde8SJan Kiszka 3462e43d594eSJan KiszkaHXCOMM Deprecated by -machine kernel_irqchip=on|off property 3463c6e88b3bSBruce RogersDEF("no-kvm-irqchip", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_kvm_irqchip, "", QEMU_ARCH_I386) 3464e43d594eSJan Kiszka 346588eed34aSJan KiszkaHXCOMM Deprecated (ignored) 346688eed34aSJan KiszkaDEF("tdf", 0, QEMU_OPTION_tdf,"", QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 346788eed34aSJan Kiszka 346868d98d3eSAnthony LiguoriDEF("object", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_object, 346968d98d3eSAnthony Liguori "-object TYPENAME[,PROP1=VALUE1,...]\n" 347068d98d3eSAnthony Liguori " create an new object of type TYPENAME setting properties\n" 347168d98d3eSAnthony Liguori " in the order they are specified. Note that the 'id'\n" 347268d98d3eSAnthony Liguori " property must be set. These objects are placed in the\n" 347368d98d3eSAnthony Liguori " '/objects' path.\n", 347468d98d3eSAnthony Liguori QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 34756265c43bSMarkus ArmbrusterSTEXI 34766265c43bSMarkus Armbruster@item -object @var{typename}[,@var{prop1}=@var{value1},...] 34776265c43bSMarkus Armbruster@findex -object 34786265c43bSMarkus ArmbrusterCreate an new object of type @var{typename} setting properties 34796265c43bSMarkus Armbrusterin the order they are specified. Note that the 'id' 34806265c43bSMarkus Armbrusterproperty must be set. These objects are placed in the 34816265c43bSMarkus Armbruster'/objects' path. 34826265c43bSMarkus ArmbrusterETEXI 348368d98d3eSAnthony Liguori 34845e2ac519SSeiji AguchiDEF("msg", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_msg, 34855e2ac519SSeiji Aguchi "-msg timestamp[=on|off]\n" 34865e2ac519SSeiji Aguchi " change the format of messages\n" 34875e2ac519SSeiji Aguchi " on|off controls leading timestamps (default:on)\n", 34885e2ac519SSeiji Aguchi QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 34895e2ac519SSeiji AguchiSTEXI 34905e2ac519SSeiji Aguchi@item -msg timestamp[=on|off] 34915e2ac519SSeiji Aguchi@findex -msg 34925e2ac519SSeiji Aguchiprepend a timestamp to each log message.(default:on) 34935e2ac519SSeiji AguchiETEXI 34945e2ac519SSeiji Aguchi 3495abfd9ce3SAmit ShahDEF("dump-vmstate", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_dump_vmstate, 3496abfd9ce3SAmit Shah "-dump-vmstate <file>\n" 3497abfd9ce3SAmit Shah " Output vmstate information in JSON format to file.\n" 3498abfd9ce3SAmit Shah " Use the scripts/vmstate-static-checker.py file to\n" 3499abfd9ce3SAmit Shah " check for possible regressions in migration code\n" 3500abfd9ce3SAmit Shah " by comparing two such vmstate dumps.", 3501abfd9ce3SAmit Shah QEMU_ARCH_ALL) 3502abfd9ce3SAmit ShahSTEXI 3503abfd9ce3SAmit Shah@item -dump-vmstate @var{file} 3504abfd9ce3SAmit Shah@findex -dump-vmstate 3505abfd9ce3SAmit ShahDump json-encoded vmstate information for current machine type to file 3506abfd9ce3SAmit Shahin @var{file} 3507abfd9ce3SAmit ShahETEXI 3508abfd9ce3SAmit Shah 35093dbf2c7fSStefan WeilHXCOMM This is the last statement. Insert new options before this line! 35103dbf2c7fSStefan WeilSTEXI 35113dbf2c7fSStefan Weil@end table 35123dbf2c7fSStefan WeilETEXI 3513