xref: /openbmc/qemu/qemu-nbd.c (revision d901eff3)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 2005  Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
3  *
4  *  Network Block Device
5  *
6  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8  *  the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
9  *
10  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
13  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
14  *
15  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16  *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
17  */
18 
19 #include "qemu-common.h"
20 #include "block.h"
21 #include "nbd.h"
22 
23 #include <stdarg.h>
24 #include <stdio.h>
25 #include <getopt.h>
26 #include <err.h>
27 #include <sys/types.h>
28 #include <sys/socket.h>
29 #include <netinet/in.h>
30 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
31 #include <arpa/inet.h>
32 #include <signal.h>
33 #include <libgen.h>
34 #include <pthread.h>
35 
36 #define SOCKET_PATH    "/var/lock/qemu-nbd-%s"
37 
38 static NBDExport *exp;
39 static int verbose;
40 static char *srcpath;
41 static char *sockpath;
42 static bool sigterm_reported;
43 static bool nbd_started;
44 static int shared = 1;
45 static int nb_fds;
46 
47 static void usage(const char *name)
48 {
49     printf(
50 "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] FILE\n"
51 "QEMU Disk Network Block Device Server\n"
52 "\n"
53 "  -p, --port=PORT      port to listen on (default `%d')\n"
54 "  -o, --offset=OFFSET  offset into the image\n"
55 "  -b, --bind=IFACE     interface to bind to (default `0.0.0.0')\n"
56 "  -k, --socket=PATH    path to the unix socket\n"
57 "                       (default '"SOCKET_PATH"')\n"
58 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
59 "  -P, --partition=NUM  only expose partition NUM\n"
60 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
61 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache\n"
62 "  -c, --connect=DEV    connect FILE to the local NBD device DEV\n"
63 "  -d, --disconnect     disconnect the specified device\n"
64 "  -e, --shared=NUM     device can be shared by NUM clients (default '1')\n"
65 "  -t, --persistent     don't exit on the last connection\n"
66 "  -v, --verbose        display extra debugging information\n"
67 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
68 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
69 "\n"
70 "Report bugs to <anthony@codemonkey.ws>\n"
71     , name, NBD_DEFAULT_PORT, "DEVICE");
72 }
73 
74 static void version(const char *name)
75 {
76     printf(
77 "%s version 0.0.1\n"
78 "Written by Anthony Liguori.\n"
79 "\n"
80 "Copyright (C) 2006 Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>.\n"
81 "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO\n"
82 "warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
83     , name);
84 }
85 
86 struct partition_record
87 {
88     uint8_t bootable;
89     uint8_t start_head;
90     uint32_t start_cylinder;
91     uint8_t start_sector;
92     uint8_t system;
93     uint8_t end_head;
94     uint8_t end_cylinder;
95     uint8_t end_sector;
96     uint32_t start_sector_abs;
97     uint32_t nb_sectors_abs;
98 };
99 
100 static void read_partition(uint8_t *p, struct partition_record *r)
101 {
102     r->bootable = p[0];
103     r->start_head = p[1];
104     r->start_cylinder = p[3] | ((p[2] << 2) & 0x0300);
105     r->start_sector = p[2] & 0x3f;
106     r->system = p[4];
107     r->end_head = p[5];
108     r->end_cylinder = p[7] | ((p[6] << 2) & 0x300);
109     r->end_sector = p[6] & 0x3f;
110     r->start_sector_abs = p[8] | p[9] << 8 | p[10] << 16 | p[11] << 24;
111     r->nb_sectors_abs = p[12] | p[13] << 8 | p[14] << 16 | p[15] << 24;
112 }
113 
114 static int find_partition(BlockDriverState *bs, int partition,
115                           off_t *offset, off_t *size)
116 {
117     struct partition_record mbr[4];
118     uint8_t data[512];
119     int i;
120     int ext_partnum = 4;
121     int ret;
122 
123     if ((ret = bdrv_read(bs, 0, data, 1)) < 0) {
124         errno = -ret;
125         err(EXIT_FAILURE, "error while reading");
126     }
127 
128     if (data[510] != 0x55 || data[511] != 0xaa) {
129         return -EINVAL;
130     }
131 
132     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
133         read_partition(&data[446 + 16 * i], &mbr[i]);
134 
135         if (!mbr[i].nb_sectors_abs)
136             continue;
137 
138         if (mbr[i].system == 0xF || mbr[i].system == 0x5) {
139             struct partition_record ext[4];
140             uint8_t data1[512];
141             int j;
142 
143             if ((ret = bdrv_read(bs, mbr[i].start_sector_abs, data1, 1)) < 0) {
144                 errno = -ret;
145                 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "error while reading");
146             }
147 
148             for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
149                 read_partition(&data1[446 + 16 * j], &ext[j]);
150                 if (!ext[j].nb_sectors_abs)
151                     continue;
152 
153                 if ((ext_partnum + j + 1) == partition) {
154                     *offset = (uint64_t)ext[j].start_sector_abs << 9;
155                     *size = (uint64_t)ext[j].nb_sectors_abs << 9;
156                     return 0;
157                 }
158             }
159             ext_partnum += 4;
160         } else if ((i + 1) == partition) {
161             *offset = (uint64_t)mbr[i].start_sector_abs << 9;
162             *size = (uint64_t)mbr[i].nb_sectors_abs << 9;
163             return 0;
164         }
165     }
166 
167     return -ENOENT;
168 }
169 
170 static void termsig_handler(int signum)
171 {
172     sigterm_reported = true;
173     qemu_notify_event();
174 }
175 
176 static void *show_parts(void *arg)
177 {
178     char *device = arg;
179     int nbd;
180 
181     /* linux just needs an open() to trigger
182      * the partition table update
183      * but remember to load the module with max_part != 0 :
184      *     modprobe nbd max_part=63
185      */
186     nbd = open(device, O_RDWR);
187     if (nbd >= 0) {
188         close(nbd);
189     }
190     return NULL;
191 }
192 
193 static void *nbd_client_thread(void *arg)
194 {
195     char *device = arg;
196     off_t size;
197     size_t blocksize;
198     uint32_t nbdflags;
199     int fd, sock;
200     int ret;
201     pthread_t show_parts_thread;
202 
203     sock = unix_socket_outgoing(sockpath);
204     if (sock < 0) {
205         goto out;
206     }
207 
208     ret = nbd_receive_negotiate(sock, NULL, &nbdflags,
209                                 &size, &blocksize);
210     if (ret < 0) {
211         goto out;
212     }
213 
214     fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
215     if (fd < 0) {
216         /* Linux-only, we can use %m in printf.  */
217         fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s: %m", device);
218         goto out;
219     }
220 
221     ret = nbd_init(fd, sock, nbdflags, size, blocksize);
222     if (ret < 0) {
223         goto out;
224     }
225 
226     /* update partition table */
227     pthread_create(&show_parts_thread, NULL, show_parts, device);
228 
229     if (verbose) {
230         fprintf(stderr, "NBD device %s is now connected to %s\n",
231                 device, srcpath);
232     } else {
233         /* Close stderr so that the qemu-nbd process exits.  */
234         dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
235     }
236 
237     ret = nbd_client(fd);
238     if (ret) {
239         goto out;
240     }
241     close(fd);
242     kill(getpid(), SIGTERM);
243     return (void *) EXIT_SUCCESS;
244 
245 out:
246     kill(getpid(), SIGTERM);
247     return (void *) EXIT_FAILURE;
248 }
249 
250 static int nbd_can_accept(void *opaque)
251 {
252     return nb_fds < shared;
253 }
254 
255 static void nbd_client_closed(NBDClient *client)
256 {
257     nb_fds--;
258     qemu_notify_event();
259 }
260 
261 static void nbd_accept(void *opaque)
262 {
263     int server_fd = (uintptr_t) opaque;
264     struct sockaddr_in addr;
265     socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
266 
267     int fd = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &addr_len);
268     nbd_started = true;
269     if (fd >= 0 && nbd_client_new(exp, fd, nbd_client_closed)) {
270         nb_fds++;
271     }
272 }
273 
274 int main(int argc, char **argv)
275 {
276     BlockDriverState *bs;
277     off_t dev_offset = 0;
278     uint32_t nbdflags = 0;
279     bool disconnect = false;
280     const char *bindto = "0.0.0.0";
281     char *device = NULL;
282     int port = NBD_DEFAULT_PORT;
283     off_t fd_size;
284     const char *sopt = "hVb:o:p:rsnP:c:dvk:e:t";
285     struct option lopt[] = {
286         { "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
287         { "version", 0, NULL, 'V' },
288         { "bind", 1, NULL, 'b' },
289         { "port", 1, NULL, 'p' },
290         { "socket", 1, NULL, 'k' },
291         { "offset", 1, NULL, 'o' },
292         { "read-only", 0, NULL, 'r' },
293         { "partition", 1, NULL, 'P' },
294         { "connect", 1, NULL, 'c' },
295         { "disconnect", 0, NULL, 'd' },
296         { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 's' },
297         { "nocache", 0, NULL, 'n' },
298         { "shared", 1, NULL, 'e' },
299         { "persistent", 0, NULL, 't' },
300         { "verbose", 0, NULL, 'v' },
301         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
302     };
303     int ch;
304     int opt_ind = 0;
305     int li;
306     char *end;
307     int flags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
308     int partition = -1;
309     int ret;
310     int fd;
311     int persistent = 0;
312     pthread_t client_thread;
313 
314     /* The client thread uses SIGTERM to interrupt the server.  A signal
315      * handler ensures that "qemu-nbd -v -c" exits with a nice status code.
316      */
317     struct sigaction sa_sigterm;
318     memset(&sa_sigterm, 0, sizeof(sa_sigterm));
319     sa_sigterm.sa_handler = termsig_handler;
320     sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa_sigterm, NULL);
321 
322     while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_ind)) != -1) {
323         switch (ch) {
324         case 's':
325             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
326             break;
327         case 'n':
328             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
329             break;
330         case 'b':
331             bindto = optarg;
332             break;
333         case 'p':
334             li = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
335             if (*end) {
336                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid port `%s'", optarg);
337             }
338             if (li < 1 || li > 65535) {
339                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Port out of range `%s'", optarg);
340             }
341             port = (uint16_t)li;
342             break;
343         case 'o':
344                 dev_offset = strtoll (optarg, &end, 0);
345             if (*end) {
346                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid offset `%s'", optarg);
347             }
348             if (dev_offset < 0) {
349                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Offset must be positive `%s'", optarg);
350             }
351             break;
352         case 'r':
353             nbdflags |= NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY;
354             flags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR;
355             break;
356         case 'P':
357             partition = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
358             if (*end)
359                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid partition `%s'", optarg);
360             if (partition < 1 || partition > 8)
361                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid partition %d", partition);
362             break;
363         case 'k':
364             sockpath = optarg;
365             if (sockpath[0] != '/')
366                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "socket path must be absolute\n");
367             break;
368         case 'd':
369             disconnect = true;
370             break;
371         case 'c':
372             device = optarg;
373             break;
374         case 'e':
375             shared = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
376             if (*end) {
377                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid shared device number '%s'", optarg);
378             }
379             if (shared < 1) {
380                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Shared device number must be greater than 0\n");
381             }
382             break;
383 	case 't':
384 	    persistent = 1;
385 	    break;
386         case 'v':
387             verbose = 1;
388             break;
389         case 'V':
390             version(argv[0]);
391             exit(0);
392             break;
393         case 'h':
394             usage(argv[0]);
395             exit(0);
396             break;
397         case '?':
398             errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Try `%s --help' for more information.",
399                  argv[0]);
400         }
401     }
402 
403     if ((argc - optind) != 1) {
404         errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid number of argument.\n"
405              "Try `%s --help' for more information.",
406              argv[0]);
407     }
408 
409     if (disconnect) {
410         fd = open(argv[optind], O_RDWR);
411         if (fd < 0) {
412             err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Cannot open %s", argv[optind]);
413         }
414         nbd_disconnect(fd);
415 
416         close(fd);
417 
418         printf("%s disconnected\n", argv[optind]);
419 
420 	return 0;
421     }
422 
423     if (device && !verbose) {
424         int stderr_fd[2];
425         pid_t pid;
426         int ret;
427 
428         if (qemu_pipe(stderr_fd) < 0) {
429             err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Error setting up communication pipe");
430         }
431 
432         /* Now daemonize, but keep a communication channel open to
433          * print errors and exit with the proper status code.
434          */
435         pid = fork();
436         if (pid == 0) {
437             close(stderr_fd[0]);
438             ret = qemu_daemon(1, 0);
439 
440             /* Temporarily redirect stderr to the parent's pipe...  */
441             dup2(stderr_fd[1], STDERR_FILENO);
442             if (ret < 0) {
443                 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Failed to daemonize");
444             }
445 
446             /* ... close the descriptor we inherited and go on.  */
447             close(stderr_fd[1]);
448         } else {
449             bool errors = false;
450             char *buf;
451 
452             /* In the parent.  Print error messages from the child until
453              * it closes the pipe.
454              */
455             close(stderr_fd[1]);
456             buf = g_malloc(1024);
457             while ((ret = read(stderr_fd[0], buf, 1024)) > 0) {
458                 errors = true;
459                 ret = qemu_write_full(STDERR_FILENO, buf, ret);
460                 if (ret < 0) {
461                     exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
462                 }
463             }
464             if (ret < 0) {
465                 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Cannot read from daemon");
466             }
467 
468             /* Usually the daemon should not print any message.
469              * Exit with zero status in that case.
470              */
471             exit(errors);
472         }
473     }
474 
475     if (device != NULL && sockpath == NULL) {
476         sockpath = g_malloc(128);
477         snprintf(sockpath, 128, SOCKET_PATH, basename(device));
478     }
479 
480     bdrv_init();
481     atexit(bdrv_close_all);
482 
483     bs = bdrv_new("hda");
484     srcpath = argv[optind];
485     if ((ret = bdrv_open(bs, srcpath, flags, NULL)) < 0) {
486         errno = -ret;
487         err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Failed to bdrv_open '%s'", argv[optind]);
488     }
489 
490     fd_size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
491 
492     if (partition != -1) {
493         ret = find_partition(bs, partition, &dev_offset, &fd_size);
494         if (ret < 0) {
495             errno = -ret;
496             err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not find partition %d", partition);
497         }
498     }
499 
500     exp = nbd_export_new(bs, dev_offset, fd_size, nbdflags);
501 
502     if (sockpath) {
503         fd = unix_socket_incoming(sockpath);
504     } else {
505         fd = tcp_socket_incoming(bindto, port);
506     }
507 
508     if (fd < 0) {
509         return 1;
510     }
511 
512     if (device) {
513         int ret;
514 
515         ret = pthread_create(&client_thread, NULL, nbd_client_thread, device);
516         if (ret != 0) {
517             errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Failed to create client thread: %s",
518                  strerror(ret));
519         }
520     } else {
521         /* Shut up GCC warnings.  */
522         memset(&client_thread, 0, sizeof(client_thread));
523     }
524 
525     qemu_init_main_loop();
526     qemu_set_fd_handler2(fd, nbd_can_accept, nbd_accept, NULL,
527                          (void *)(uintptr_t)fd);
528 
529     /* now when the initialization is (almost) complete, chdir("/")
530      * to free any busy filesystems */
531     if (chdir("/") < 0) {
532         err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not chdir to root directory");
533     }
534 
535     do {
536         main_loop_wait(false);
537     } while (!sigterm_reported && (persistent || !nbd_started || nb_fds > 0));
538 
539     nbd_export_close(exp);
540     if (sockpath) {
541         unlink(sockpath);
542     }
543 
544     if (device) {
545         void *ret;
546         pthread_join(client_thread, &ret);
547         exit(ret != NULL);
548     } else {
549         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
550     }
551 }
552