xref: /openbmc/qemu/qemu-nbd.c (revision c7b95171)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 2005  Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
3  *
4  *  Network Block Device
5  *
6  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8  *  the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
9  *
10  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
13  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
14  *
15  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16  *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
17  */
18 
19 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
20 #include <getopt.h>
21 #include <libgen.h>
22 #include <pthread.h>
23 
24 #include "qapi/error.h"
25 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
26 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
27 #include "block/block_int.h"
28 #include "block/nbd.h"
29 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
30 #include "qemu/option.h"
31 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
32 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
33 #include "qemu/bswap.h"
34 #include "qemu/log.h"
35 #include "qemu/systemd.h"
36 #include "block/snapshot.h"
37 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
38 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
39 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
40 #include "io/channel-socket.h"
41 #include "io/net-listener.h"
42 #include "crypto/init.h"
43 #include "trace/control.h"
44 #include "qemu-version.h"
45 
46 #ifdef __linux__
47 #define HAVE_NBD_DEVICE 1
48 #else
49 #define HAVE_NBD_DEVICE 0
50 #endif
51 
52 #define SOCKET_PATH                "/var/lock/qemu-nbd-%s"
53 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE         256
54 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO           257
55 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD       258
56 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES 259
57 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT        260
58 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS      261
59 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_IMAGE_OPTS    262
60 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_FORK          263
61 
62 #define MBR_SIZE 512
63 
64 static NBDExport *exp;
65 static int verbose;
66 static char *srcpath;
67 static SocketAddress *saddr;
68 static int persistent = 0;
69 static enum { RUNNING, TERMINATE, TERMINATING, TERMINATED } state;
70 static int shared = 1;
71 static int nb_fds;
72 static QIONetListener *server;
73 static QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds;
74 
75 static void usage(const char *name)
76 {
77     (printf) (
78 "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] FILE\n"
79 "QEMU Disk Network Block Device Server\n"
80 "\n"
81 "  -h, --help                display this help and exit\n"
82 "  -V, --version             output version information and exit\n"
83 "\n"
84 "Connection properties:\n"
85 "  -p, --port=PORT           port to listen on (default `%d')\n"
86 "  -b, --bind=IFACE          interface to bind to (default `0.0.0.0')\n"
87 "  -k, --socket=PATH         path to the unix socket\n"
88 "                            (default '"SOCKET_PATH"')\n"
89 "  -e, --shared=NUM          device can be shared by NUM clients (default '1')\n"
90 "  -t, --persistent          don't exit on the last connection\n"
91 "  -v, --verbose             display extra debugging information\n"
92 "  -x, --export-name=NAME    expose export by name (default is empty string)\n"
93 "  -D, --description=TEXT    export a human-readable description\n"
94 "\n"
95 "Exposing part of the image:\n"
96 "  -o, --offset=OFFSET       offset into the image\n"
97 "  -P, --partition=NUM       only expose partition NUM\n"
98 "\n"
99 "General purpose options:\n"
100 "  --object type,id=ID,...   define an object such as 'secret' for providing\n"
101 "                            passwords and/or encryption keys\n"
102 "  --tls-creds=ID            use id of an earlier --object to provide TLS\n"
103 "  -T, --trace [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
104 "                            specify tracing options\n"
105 "  --fork                    fork off the server process and exit the parent\n"
106 "                            once the server is running\n"
107 #if HAVE_NBD_DEVICE
108 "\n"
109 "Kernel NBD client support:\n"
110 "  -c, --connect=DEV         connect FILE to the local NBD device DEV\n"
111 "  -d, --disconnect          disconnect the specified device\n"
112 #endif
113 "\n"
114 "Block device options:\n"
115 "  -f, --format=FORMAT       set image format (raw, qcow2, ...)\n"
116 "  -r, --read-only           export read-only\n"
117 "  -s, --snapshot            use FILE as an external snapshot, create a temporary\n"
118 "                            file with backing_file=FILE, redirect the write to\n"
119 "                            the temporary one\n"
120 "  -l, --load-snapshot=SNAPSHOT_PARAM\n"
121 "                            load an internal snapshot inside FILE and export it\n"
122 "                            as an read-only device, SNAPSHOT_PARAM format is\n"
123 "                            'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
124 "                            '[ID_OR_NAME]'\n"
125 "  -n, --nocache             disable host cache\n"
126 "      --cache=MODE          set cache mode (none, writeback, ...)\n"
127 "      --aio=MODE            set AIO mode (native or threads)\n"
128 "      --discard=MODE        set discard mode (ignore, unmap)\n"
129 "      --detect-zeroes=MODE  set detect-zeroes mode (off, on, unmap)\n"
130 "      --image-opts          treat FILE as a full set of image options\n"
131 "\n"
132 QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n"
133     , name, NBD_DEFAULT_PORT, "DEVICE");
134 }
135 
136 static void version(const char *name)
137 {
138     printf(
139 "%s " QEMU_FULL_VERSION "\n"
140 "Written by Anthony Liguori.\n"
141 "\n"
142 QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n"
143 "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO\n"
144 "warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
145     , name);
146 }
147 
148 struct partition_record
149 {
150     uint8_t bootable;
151     uint8_t start_head;
152     uint32_t start_cylinder;
153     uint8_t start_sector;
154     uint8_t system;
155     uint8_t end_head;
156     uint8_t end_cylinder;
157     uint8_t end_sector;
158     uint32_t start_sector_abs;
159     uint32_t nb_sectors_abs;
160 };
161 
162 static void read_partition(uint8_t *p, struct partition_record *r)
163 {
164     r->bootable = p[0];
165     r->start_head = p[1];
166     r->start_cylinder = p[3] | ((p[2] << 2) & 0x0300);
167     r->start_sector = p[2] & 0x3f;
168     r->system = p[4];
169     r->end_head = p[5];
170     r->end_cylinder = p[7] | ((p[6] << 2) & 0x300);
171     r->end_sector = p[6] & 0x3f;
172 
173     r->start_sector_abs = ldl_le_p(p + 8);
174     r->nb_sectors_abs   = ldl_le_p(p + 12);
175 }
176 
177 static int find_partition(BlockBackend *blk, int partition,
178                           off_t *offset, off_t *size)
179 {
180     struct partition_record mbr[4];
181     uint8_t data[MBR_SIZE];
182     int i;
183     int ext_partnum = 4;
184     int ret;
185 
186     ret = blk_pread(blk, 0, data, sizeof(data));
187     if (ret < 0) {
188         error_report("error while reading: %s", strerror(-ret));
189         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
190     }
191 
192     if (data[510] != 0x55 || data[511] != 0xaa) {
193         return -EINVAL;
194     }
195 
196     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
197         read_partition(&data[446 + 16 * i], &mbr[i]);
198 
199         if (!mbr[i].system || !mbr[i].nb_sectors_abs) {
200             continue;
201         }
202 
203         if (mbr[i].system == 0xF || mbr[i].system == 0x5) {
204             struct partition_record ext[4];
205             uint8_t data1[MBR_SIZE];
206             int j;
207 
208             ret = blk_pread(blk, mbr[i].start_sector_abs * MBR_SIZE,
209                             data1, sizeof(data1));
210             if (ret < 0) {
211                 error_report("error while reading: %s", strerror(-ret));
212                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
213             }
214 
215             for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
216                 read_partition(&data1[446 + 16 * j], &ext[j]);
217                 if (!ext[j].system || !ext[j].nb_sectors_abs) {
218                     continue;
219                 }
220 
221                 if ((ext_partnum + j + 1) == partition) {
222                     *offset = (uint64_t)ext[j].start_sector_abs << 9;
223                     *size = (uint64_t)ext[j].nb_sectors_abs << 9;
224                     return 0;
225                 }
226             }
227             ext_partnum += 4;
228         } else if ((i + 1) == partition) {
229             *offset = (uint64_t)mbr[i].start_sector_abs << 9;
230             *size = (uint64_t)mbr[i].nb_sectors_abs << 9;
231             return 0;
232         }
233     }
234 
235     return -ENOENT;
236 }
237 
238 static void termsig_handler(int signum)
239 {
240     atomic_cmpxchg(&state, RUNNING, TERMINATE);
241     qemu_notify_event();
242 }
243 
244 
245 #if HAVE_NBD_DEVICE
246 static void *show_parts(void *arg)
247 {
248     char *device = arg;
249     int nbd;
250 
251     /* linux just needs an open() to trigger
252      * the partition table update
253      * but remember to load the module with max_part != 0 :
254      *     modprobe nbd max_part=63
255      */
256     nbd = open(device, O_RDWR);
257     if (nbd >= 0) {
258         close(nbd);
259     }
260     return NULL;
261 }
262 
263 static void *nbd_client_thread(void *arg)
264 {
265     char *device = arg;
266     NBDExportInfo info = { .request_sizes = false, };
267     QIOChannelSocket *sioc;
268     int fd;
269     int ret;
270     pthread_t show_parts_thread;
271     Error *local_error = NULL;
272 
273     sioc = qio_channel_socket_new();
274     if (qio_channel_socket_connect_sync(sioc,
275                                         saddr,
276                                         &local_error) < 0) {
277         error_report_err(local_error);
278         goto out;
279     }
280 
281     ret = nbd_receive_negotiate(QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), NULL,
282                                 NULL, NULL, NULL, &info, &local_error);
283     if (ret < 0) {
284         if (local_error) {
285             error_report_err(local_error);
286         }
287         goto out_socket;
288     }
289 
290     fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
291     if (fd < 0) {
292         /* Linux-only, we can use %m in printf.  */
293         error_report("Failed to open %s: %m", device);
294         goto out_socket;
295     }
296 
297     ret = nbd_init(fd, sioc, &info, &local_error);
298     if (ret < 0) {
299         error_report_err(local_error);
300         goto out_fd;
301     }
302 
303     /* update partition table */
304     pthread_create(&show_parts_thread, NULL, show_parts, device);
305 
306     if (verbose) {
307         fprintf(stderr, "NBD device %s is now connected to %s\n",
308                 device, srcpath);
309     } else {
310         /* Close stderr so that the qemu-nbd process exits.  */
311         dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
312     }
313 
314     ret = nbd_client(fd);
315     if (ret) {
316         goto out_fd;
317     }
318     close(fd);
319     object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
320     kill(getpid(), SIGTERM);
321     return (void *) EXIT_SUCCESS;
322 
323 out_fd:
324     close(fd);
325 out_socket:
326     object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
327 out:
328     kill(getpid(), SIGTERM);
329     return (void *) EXIT_FAILURE;
330 }
331 #endif /* HAVE_NBD_DEVICE */
332 
333 static int nbd_can_accept(void)
334 {
335     return state == RUNNING && nb_fds < shared;
336 }
337 
338 static void nbd_export_closed(NBDExport *exp)
339 {
340     assert(state == TERMINATING);
341     state = TERMINATED;
342 }
343 
344 static void nbd_update_server_watch(void);
345 
346 static void nbd_client_closed(NBDClient *client, bool negotiated)
347 {
348     nb_fds--;
349     if (negotiated && nb_fds == 0 && !persistent && state == RUNNING) {
350         state = TERMINATE;
351     }
352     nbd_update_server_watch();
353     nbd_client_put(client);
354 }
355 
356 static void nbd_accept(QIONetListener *listener, QIOChannelSocket *cioc,
357                        gpointer opaque)
358 {
359     if (state >= TERMINATE) {
360         return;
361     }
362 
363     nb_fds++;
364     nbd_update_server_watch();
365     nbd_client_new(cioc, tlscreds, NULL, nbd_client_closed);
366 }
367 
368 static void nbd_update_server_watch(void)
369 {
370     if (nbd_can_accept()) {
371         qio_net_listener_set_client_func(server, nbd_accept, NULL, NULL);
372     } else {
373         qio_net_listener_set_client_func(server, NULL, NULL, NULL);
374     }
375 }
376 
377 
378 static SocketAddress *nbd_build_socket_address(const char *sockpath,
379                                                const char *bindto,
380                                                const char *port)
381 {
382     SocketAddress *saddr;
383 
384     saddr = g_new0(SocketAddress, 1);
385     if (sockpath) {
386         saddr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX;
387         saddr->u.q_unix.path = g_strdup(sockpath);
388     } else {
389         InetSocketAddress *inet;
390         saddr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET;
391         inet = &saddr->u.inet;
392         inet->host = g_strdup(bindto);
393         if (port) {
394             inet->port = g_strdup(port);
395         } else  {
396             inet->port = g_strdup_printf("%d", NBD_DEFAULT_PORT);
397         }
398     }
399 
400     return saddr;
401 }
402 
403 
404 static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
405     .name = "file",
406     .implied_opt_name = "file",
407     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(file_opts.head),
408     .desc = {
409         /* no elements => accept any params */
410         { /* end of list */ }
411     },
412 };
413 
414 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
415     .name = "object",
416     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
417     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
418     .desc = {
419         { }
420     },
421 };
422 
423 
424 
425 static QCryptoTLSCreds *nbd_get_tls_creds(const char *id, Error **errp)
426 {
427     Object *obj;
428     QCryptoTLSCreds *creds;
429 
430     obj = object_resolve_path_component(
431         object_get_objects_root(), id);
432     if (!obj) {
433         error_setg(errp, "No TLS credentials with id '%s'",
434                    id);
435         return NULL;
436     }
437     creds = (QCryptoTLSCreds *)
438         object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS);
439     if (!creds) {
440         error_setg(errp, "Object with id '%s' is not TLS credentials",
441                    id);
442         return NULL;
443     }
444 
445     if (creds->endpoint != QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS_ENDPOINT_SERVER) {
446         error_setg(errp,
447                    "Expecting TLS credentials with a server endpoint");
448         return NULL;
449     }
450     object_ref(obj);
451     return creds;
452 }
453 
454 static void setup_address_and_port(const char **address, const char **port)
455 {
456     if (*address == NULL) {
457         *address = "0.0.0.0";
458     }
459 
460     if (*port == NULL) {
461         *port = stringify(NBD_DEFAULT_PORT);
462     }
463 }
464 
465 /*
466  * Check socket parameters compatibility when socket activation is used.
467  */
468 static const char *socket_activation_validate_opts(const char *device,
469                                                    const char *sockpath,
470                                                    const char *address,
471                                                    const char *port)
472 {
473     if (device != NULL) {
474         return "NBD device can't be set when using socket activation";
475     }
476 
477     if (sockpath != NULL) {
478         return "Unix socket can't be set when using socket activation";
479     }
480 
481     if (address != NULL) {
482         return "The interface can't be set when using socket activation";
483     }
484 
485     if (port != NULL) {
486         return "TCP port number can't be set when using socket activation";
487     }
488 
489     return NULL;
490 }
491 
492 static void qemu_nbd_shutdown(void)
493 {
494     job_cancel_sync_all();
495     bdrv_close_all();
496 }
497 
498 int main(int argc, char **argv)
499 {
500     BlockBackend *blk;
501     BlockDriverState *bs;
502     off_t dev_offset = 0;
503     uint16_t nbdflags = 0;
504     bool disconnect = false;
505     const char *bindto = NULL;
506     const char *port = NULL;
507     char *sockpath = NULL;
508     char *device = NULL;
509     off_t fd_size;
510     QemuOpts *sn_opts = NULL;
511     const char *sn_id_or_name = NULL;
512     const char *sopt = "hVb:o:p:rsnP:c:dvk:e:f:tl:x:T:D:";
513     struct option lopt[] = {
514         { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
515         { "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
516         { "bind", required_argument, NULL, 'b' },
517         { "port", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
518         { "socket", required_argument, NULL, 'k' },
519         { "offset", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
520         { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
521         { "partition", required_argument, NULL, 'P' },
522         { "connect", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
523         { "disconnect", no_argument, NULL, 'd' },
524         { "snapshot", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
525         { "load-snapshot", required_argument, NULL, 'l' },
526         { "nocache", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
527         { "cache", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE },
528         { "aio", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO },
529         { "discard", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD },
530         { "detect-zeroes", required_argument, NULL,
531           QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES },
532         { "shared", required_argument, NULL, 'e' },
533         { "format", required_argument, NULL, 'f' },
534         { "persistent", no_argument, NULL, 't' },
535         { "verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v' },
536         { "object", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT },
537         { "export-name", required_argument, NULL, 'x' },
538         { "description", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },
539         { "tls-creds", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS },
540         { "image-opts", no_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_IMAGE_OPTS },
541         { "trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T' },
542         { "fork", no_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_FORK },
543         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
544     };
545     int ch;
546     int opt_ind = 0;
547     char *end;
548     int flags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
549     int partition = -1;
550     int ret = 0;
551     bool seen_cache = false;
552     bool seen_discard = false;
553     bool seen_aio = false;
554     pthread_t client_thread;
555     const char *fmt = NULL;
556     Error *local_err = NULL;
557     BlockdevDetectZeroesOptions detect_zeroes = BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_OFF;
558     QDict *options = NULL;
559     const char *export_name = ""; /* Default export name */
560     const char *export_description = NULL;
561     const char *tlscredsid = NULL;
562     bool imageOpts = false;
563     bool writethrough = true;
564     char *trace_file = NULL;
565     bool fork_process = false;
566     int old_stderr = -1;
567     unsigned socket_activation;
568 
569     /* The client thread uses SIGTERM to interrupt the server.  A signal
570      * handler ensures that "qemu-nbd -v -c" exits with a nice status code.
571      */
572     struct sigaction sa_sigterm;
573     memset(&sa_sigterm, 0, sizeof(sa_sigterm));
574     sa_sigterm.sa_handler = termsig_handler;
575     sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa_sigterm, NULL);
576 
577 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
578     signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
579 #endif
580 
581     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE);
582     error_set_progname(argv[0]);
583     qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
584 
585     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
586     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
587     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
588     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
589 
590     while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_ind)) != -1) {
591         switch (ch) {
592         case 's':
593             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
594             break;
595         case 'n':
596             optarg = (char *) "none";
597             /* fallthrough */
598         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE:
599             if (seen_cache) {
600                 error_report("-n and --cache can only be specified once");
601                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
602             }
603             seen_cache = true;
604             if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) == -1) {
605                 error_report("Invalid cache mode `%s'", optarg);
606                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
607             }
608             break;
609         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO:
610             if (seen_aio) {
611                 error_report("--aio can only be specified once");
612                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
613             }
614             seen_aio = true;
615             if (!strcmp(optarg, "native")) {
616                 flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
617             } else if (!strcmp(optarg, "threads")) {
618                 /* this is the default */
619             } else {
620                error_report("invalid aio mode `%s'", optarg);
621                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
622             }
623             break;
624         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD:
625             if (seen_discard) {
626                 error_report("--discard can only be specified once");
627                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
628             }
629             seen_discard = true;
630             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) == -1) {
631                 error_report("Invalid discard mode `%s'", optarg);
632                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
633             }
634             break;
635         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES:
636             detect_zeroes =
637                 qapi_enum_parse(&BlockdevDetectZeroesOptions_lookup,
638                                 optarg,
639                                 BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_OFF,
640                                 &local_err);
641             if (local_err) {
642                 error_reportf_err(local_err,
643                                   "Failed to parse detect_zeroes mode: ");
644                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
645             }
646             if (detect_zeroes == BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_UNMAP &&
647                 !(flags & BDRV_O_UNMAP)) {
648                 error_report("setting detect-zeroes to unmap is not allowed "
649                              "without setting discard operation to unmap");
650                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
651             }
652             break;
653         case 'b':
654             bindto = optarg;
655             break;
656         case 'p':
657             port = optarg;
658             break;
659         case 'o':
660                 dev_offset = strtoll (optarg, &end, 0);
661             if (*end) {
662                 error_report("Invalid offset `%s'", optarg);
663                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
664             }
665             if (dev_offset < 0) {
666                 error_report("Offset must be positive `%s'", optarg);
667                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
668             }
669             break;
670         case 'l':
671             if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
672                 sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
673                                                   optarg, false);
674                 if (!sn_opts) {
675                     error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param `%s'",
676                                  optarg);
677                     exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
678                 }
679             } else {
680                 sn_id_or_name = optarg;
681             }
682             /* fall through */
683         case 'r':
684             nbdflags |= NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY;
685             flags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR;
686             break;
687         case 'P':
688             partition = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
689             if (*end) {
690                 error_report("Invalid partition `%s'", optarg);
691                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
692             }
693             if (partition < 1 || partition > 8) {
694                 error_report("Invalid partition %d", partition);
695                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
696             }
697             break;
698         case 'k':
699             sockpath = optarg;
700             if (sockpath[0] != '/') {
701                 error_report("socket path must be absolute");
702                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
703             }
704             break;
705         case 'd':
706             disconnect = true;
707             break;
708         case 'c':
709             device = optarg;
710             break;
711         case 'e':
712             shared = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
713             if (*end) {
714                 error_report("Invalid shared device number '%s'", optarg);
715                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
716             }
717             if (shared < 1) {
718                 error_report("Shared device number must be greater than 0");
719                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
720             }
721             break;
722         case 'f':
723             fmt = optarg;
724             break;
725         case 't':
726             persistent = 1;
727             break;
728         case 'x':
729             export_name = optarg;
730             break;
731         case 'D':
732             export_description = optarg;
733             break;
734         case 'v':
735             verbose = 1;
736             break;
737         case 'V':
738             version(argv[0]);
739             exit(0);
740             break;
741         case 'h':
742             usage(argv[0]);
743             exit(0);
744             break;
745         case '?':
746             error_report("Try `%s --help' for more information.", argv[0]);
747             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
748         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT: {
749             QemuOpts *opts;
750             opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
751                                            optarg, true);
752             if (!opts) {
753                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
754             }
755         }   break;
756         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS:
757             tlscredsid = optarg;
758             break;
759         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_IMAGE_OPTS:
760             imageOpts = true;
761             break;
762         case 'T':
763             g_free(trace_file);
764             trace_file = trace_opt_parse(optarg);
765             break;
766         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_FORK:
767             fork_process = true;
768             break;
769         }
770     }
771 
772     if ((argc - optind) != 1) {
773         error_report("Invalid number of arguments");
774         error_printf("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n", argv[0]);
775         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
776     }
777 
778     qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
779                       user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
780                       NULL, &error_fatal);
781 
782     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
783         exit(1);
784     }
785     trace_init_file(trace_file);
786     qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE);
787 
788     socket_activation = check_socket_activation();
789     if (socket_activation == 0) {
790         setup_address_and_port(&bindto, &port);
791     } else {
792         /* Using socket activation - check user didn't use -p etc. */
793         const char *err_msg = socket_activation_validate_opts(device, sockpath,
794                                                               bindto, port);
795         if (err_msg != NULL) {
796             error_report("%s", err_msg);
797             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
798         }
799 
800         /* qemu-nbd can only listen on a single socket.  */
801         if (socket_activation > 1) {
802             error_report("qemu-nbd does not support socket activation with %s > 1",
803                          "LISTEN_FDS");
804             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
805         }
806     }
807 
808     if (tlscredsid) {
809         if (sockpath) {
810             error_report("TLS is only supported with IPv4/IPv6");
811             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
812         }
813         if (device) {
814             error_report("TLS is not supported with a host device");
815             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
816         }
817         tlscreds = nbd_get_tls_creds(tlscredsid, &local_err);
818         if (local_err) {
819             error_report("Failed to get TLS creds %s",
820                          error_get_pretty(local_err));
821             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
822         }
823     }
824 
825 #if !HAVE_NBD_DEVICE
826     if (disconnect || device) {
827         error_report("Kernel /dev/nbdN support not available");
828         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
829     }
830 #else /* HAVE_NBD_DEVICE */
831     if (disconnect) {
832         int nbdfd = open(argv[optind], O_RDWR);
833         if (nbdfd < 0) {
834             error_report("Cannot open %s: %s", argv[optind],
835                          strerror(errno));
836             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
837         }
838         nbd_disconnect(nbdfd);
839 
840         close(nbdfd);
841 
842         printf("%s disconnected\n", argv[optind]);
843 
844         return 0;
845     }
846 #endif
847 
848     if ((device && !verbose) || fork_process) {
849         int stderr_fd[2];
850         pid_t pid;
851         int ret;
852 
853         if (qemu_pipe(stderr_fd) < 0) {
854             error_report("Error setting up communication pipe: %s",
855                          strerror(errno));
856             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
857         }
858 
859         /* Now daemonize, but keep a communication channel open to
860          * print errors and exit with the proper status code.
861          */
862         pid = fork();
863         if (pid < 0) {
864             error_report("Failed to fork: %s", strerror(errno));
865             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
866         } else if (pid == 0) {
867             close(stderr_fd[0]);
868             ret = qemu_daemon(1, 0);
869 
870             /* Temporarily redirect stderr to the parent's pipe...  */
871             old_stderr = dup(STDERR_FILENO);
872             dup2(stderr_fd[1], STDERR_FILENO);
873             if (ret < 0) {
874                 error_report("Failed to daemonize: %s", strerror(errno));
875                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
876             }
877 
878             /* ... close the descriptor we inherited and go on.  */
879             close(stderr_fd[1]);
880         } else {
881             bool errors = false;
882             char *buf;
883 
884             /* In the parent.  Print error messages from the child until
885              * it closes the pipe.
886              */
887             close(stderr_fd[1]);
888             buf = g_malloc(1024);
889             while ((ret = read(stderr_fd[0], buf, 1024)) > 0) {
890                 errors = true;
891                 ret = qemu_write_full(STDERR_FILENO, buf, ret);
892                 if (ret < 0) {
893                     exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
894                 }
895             }
896             if (ret < 0) {
897                 error_report("Cannot read from daemon: %s",
898                              strerror(errno));
899                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
900             }
901 
902             /* Usually the daemon should not print any message.
903              * Exit with zero status in that case.
904              */
905             exit(errors);
906         }
907     }
908 
909     if (device != NULL && sockpath == NULL) {
910         sockpath = g_malloc(128);
911         snprintf(sockpath, 128, SOCKET_PATH, basename(device));
912     }
913 
914     server = qio_net_listener_new();
915     if (socket_activation == 0) {
916         saddr = nbd_build_socket_address(sockpath, bindto, port);
917         if (qio_net_listener_open_sync(server, saddr, &local_err) < 0) {
918             object_unref(OBJECT(server));
919             error_report_err(local_err);
920             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
921         }
922     } else {
923         size_t i;
924         /* See comment in check_socket_activation above. */
925         for (i = 0; i < socket_activation; i++) {
926             QIOChannelSocket *sioc;
927             sioc = qio_channel_socket_new_fd(FIRST_SOCKET_ACTIVATION_FD + i,
928                                              &local_err);
929             if (sioc == NULL) {
930                 object_unref(OBJECT(server));
931                 error_report("Failed to use socket activation: %s",
932                              error_get_pretty(local_err));
933                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
934             }
935             qio_net_listener_add(server, sioc);
936             object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
937         }
938     }
939 
940     if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_err)) {
941         error_report_err(local_err);
942         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
943     }
944     bdrv_init();
945     atexit(qemu_nbd_shutdown);
946 
947     srcpath = argv[optind];
948     if (imageOpts) {
949         QemuOpts *opts;
950         if (fmt) {
951             error_report("--image-opts and -f are mutually exclusive");
952             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
953         }
954         opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&file_opts, srcpath, true);
955         if (!opts) {
956             qemu_opts_reset(&file_opts);
957             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
958         }
959         options = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
960         qemu_opts_reset(&file_opts);
961         blk = blk_new_open(NULL, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
962     } else {
963         if (fmt) {
964             options = qdict_new();
965             qdict_put_str(options, "driver", fmt);
966         }
967         blk = blk_new_open(srcpath, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
968     }
969 
970     if (!blk) {
971         error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to blk_new_open '%s': ",
972                           argv[optind]);
973         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
974     }
975     bs = blk_bs(blk);
976 
977     blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
978 
979     if (sn_opts) {
980         ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(bs,
981                                      qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
982                                      qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
983                                      &local_err);
984     } else if (sn_id_or_name) {
985         ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(bs, sn_id_or_name,
986                                                    &local_err);
987     }
988     if (ret < 0) {
989         error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
990         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
991     }
992 
993     bs->detect_zeroes = detect_zeroes;
994     fd_size = blk_getlength(blk);
995     if (fd_size < 0) {
996         error_report("Failed to determine the image length: %s",
997                      strerror(-fd_size));
998         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
999     }
1000 
1001     if (dev_offset >= fd_size) {
1002         error_report("Offset (%lld) has to be smaller than the image size "
1003                      "(%lld)",
1004                      (long long int)dev_offset, (long long int)fd_size);
1005         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1006     }
1007     fd_size -= dev_offset;
1008 
1009     if (partition != -1) {
1010         ret = find_partition(blk, partition, &dev_offset, &fd_size);
1011         if (ret < 0) {
1012             error_report("Could not find partition %d: %s", partition,
1013                          strerror(-ret));
1014             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1015         }
1016     }
1017 
1018     exp = nbd_export_new(bs, dev_offset, fd_size, nbdflags, nbd_export_closed,
1019                          writethrough, NULL, &error_fatal);
1020     nbd_export_set_name(exp, export_name);
1021     nbd_export_set_description(exp, export_description);
1022 
1023     if (device) {
1024 #if HAVE_NBD_DEVICE
1025         int ret;
1026 
1027         ret = pthread_create(&client_thread, NULL, nbd_client_thread, device);
1028         if (ret != 0) {
1029             error_report("Failed to create client thread: %s", strerror(ret));
1030             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1031         }
1032 #endif
1033     } else {
1034         /* Shut up GCC warnings.  */
1035         memset(&client_thread, 0, sizeof(client_thread));
1036     }
1037 
1038     nbd_update_server_watch();
1039 
1040     /* now when the initialization is (almost) complete, chdir("/")
1041      * to free any busy filesystems */
1042     if (chdir("/") < 0) {
1043         error_report("Could not chdir to root directory: %s",
1044                      strerror(errno));
1045         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1046     }
1047 
1048     if (fork_process) {
1049         dup2(old_stderr, STDERR_FILENO);
1050         close(old_stderr);
1051     }
1052 
1053     state = RUNNING;
1054     do {
1055         main_loop_wait(false);
1056         if (state == TERMINATE) {
1057             state = TERMINATING;
1058             nbd_export_close(exp);
1059             nbd_export_put(exp);
1060             exp = NULL;
1061         }
1062     } while (state != TERMINATED);
1063 
1064     blk_unref(blk);
1065     if (sockpath) {
1066         unlink(sockpath);
1067     }
1068 
1069     qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
1070 
1071     if (device) {
1072         void *ret;
1073         pthread_join(client_thread, &ret);
1074         exit(ret != NULL);
1075     } else {
1076         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
1077     }
1078 }
1079