xref: /openbmc/qemu/qemu-nbd.c (revision c2b38b27)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 2005  Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
3  *
4  *  Network Block Device
5  *
6  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8  *  the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
9  *
10  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
13  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
14  *
15  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16  *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
17  */
18 
19 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
20 #include "qapi/error.h"
21 #include "qemu-common.h"
22 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
23 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
24 #include "block/block_int.h"
25 #include "block/nbd.h"
26 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
27 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
28 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
29 #include "qemu/bswap.h"
30 #include "qemu/log.h"
31 #include "block/snapshot.h"
32 #include "qapi/util.h"
33 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
34 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
35 #include "io/channel-socket.h"
36 #include "crypto/init.h"
37 #include "trace/control.h"
38 
39 #include <getopt.h>
40 #include <libgen.h>
41 #include <pthread.h>
42 
43 #define SOCKET_PATH                "/var/lock/qemu-nbd-%s"
44 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE         256
45 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO           257
46 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD       258
47 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES 259
48 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT        260
49 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS      261
50 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_IMAGE_OPTS    262
51 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_FORK          263
52 
53 #define MBR_SIZE 512
54 
55 static NBDExport *exp;
56 static bool newproto;
57 static int verbose;
58 static char *srcpath;
59 static SocketAddress *saddr;
60 static int persistent = 0;
61 static enum { RUNNING, TERMINATE, TERMINATING, TERMINATED } state;
62 static int shared = 1;
63 static int nb_fds;
64 static QIOChannelSocket *server_ioc;
65 static int server_watch = -1;
66 static QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds;
67 
68 static void usage(const char *name)
69 {
70     (printf) (
71 "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] FILE\n"
72 "QEMU Disk Network Block Device Server\n"
73 "\n"
74 "  -h, --help                display this help and exit\n"
75 "  -V, --version             output version information and exit\n"
76 "\n"
77 "Connection properties:\n"
78 "  -p, --port=PORT           port to listen on (default `%d')\n"
79 "  -b, --bind=IFACE          interface to bind to (default `0.0.0.0')\n"
80 "  -k, --socket=PATH         path to the unix socket\n"
81 "                            (default '"SOCKET_PATH"')\n"
82 "  -e, --shared=NUM          device can be shared by NUM clients (default '1')\n"
83 "  -t, --persistent          don't exit on the last connection\n"
84 "  -v, --verbose             display extra debugging information\n"
85 "  -x, --export-name=NAME    expose export by name\n"
86 "  -D, --description=TEXT    with -x, also export a human-readable description\n"
87 "\n"
88 "Exposing part of the image:\n"
89 "  -o, --offset=OFFSET       offset into the image\n"
90 "  -P, --partition=NUM       only expose partition NUM\n"
91 "\n"
92 "General purpose options:\n"
93 "  --object type,id=ID,...   define an object such as 'secret' for providing\n"
94 "                            passwords and/or encryption keys\n"
95 "  -T, --trace [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
96 "                            specify tracing options\n"
97 "  --fork                    fork off the server process and exit the parent\n"
98 "                            once the server is running\n"
99 #ifdef __linux__
100 "Kernel NBD client support:\n"
101 "  -c, --connect=DEV         connect FILE to the local NBD device DEV\n"
102 "  -d, --disconnect          disconnect the specified device\n"
103 "\n"
104 #endif
105 "\n"
106 "Block device options:\n"
107 "  -f, --format=FORMAT       set image format (raw, qcow2, ...)\n"
108 "  -r, --read-only           export read-only\n"
109 "  -s, --snapshot            use FILE as an external snapshot, create a temporary\n"
110 "                            file with backing_file=FILE, redirect the write to\n"
111 "                            the temporary one\n"
112 "  -l, --load-snapshot=SNAPSHOT_PARAM\n"
113 "                            load an internal snapshot inside FILE and export it\n"
114 "                            as an read-only device, SNAPSHOT_PARAM format is\n"
115 "                            'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
116 "                            '[ID_OR_NAME]'\n"
117 "  -n, --nocache             disable host cache\n"
118 "      --cache=MODE          set cache mode (none, writeback, ...)\n"
119 "      --aio=MODE            set AIO mode (native or threads)\n"
120 "      --discard=MODE        set discard mode (ignore, unmap)\n"
121 "      --detect-zeroes=MODE  set detect-zeroes mode (off, on, unmap)\n"
122 "      --image-opts          treat FILE as a full set of image options\n"
123 "\n"
124 "Report bugs to <qemu-devel@nongnu.org>\n"
125     , name, NBD_DEFAULT_PORT, "DEVICE");
126 }
127 
128 static void version(const char *name)
129 {
130     printf(
131 "%s version 0.0.1\n"
132 "Written by Anthony Liguori.\n"
133 "\n"
134 "Copyright (C) 2006 Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>.\n"
135 "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO\n"
136 "warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
137     , name);
138 }
139 
140 struct partition_record
141 {
142     uint8_t bootable;
143     uint8_t start_head;
144     uint32_t start_cylinder;
145     uint8_t start_sector;
146     uint8_t system;
147     uint8_t end_head;
148     uint8_t end_cylinder;
149     uint8_t end_sector;
150     uint32_t start_sector_abs;
151     uint32_t nb_sectors_abs;
152 };
153 
154 static void read_partition(uint8_t *p, struct partition_record *r)
155 {
156     r->bootable = p[0];
157     r->start_head = p[1];
158     r->start_cylinder = p[3] | ((p[2] << 2) & 0x0300);
159     r->start_sector = p[2] & 0x3f;
160     r->system = p[4];
161     r->end_head = p[5];
162     r->end_cylinder = p[7] | ((p[6] << 2) & 0x300);
163     r->end_sector = p[6] & 0x3f;
164 
165     r->start_sector_abs = ldl_le_p(p + 8);
166     r->nb_sectors_abs   = ldl_le_p(p + 12);
167 }
168 
169 static int find_partition(BlockBackend *blk, int partition,
170                           off_t *offset, off_t *size)
171 {
172     struct partition_record mbr[4];
173     uint8_t data[MBR_SIZE];
174     int i;
175     int ext_partnum = 4;
176     int ret;
177 
178     ret = blk_pread(blk, 0, data, sizeof(data));
179     if (ret < 0) {
180         error_report("error while reading: %s", strerror(-ret));
181         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
182     }
183 
184     if (data[510] != 0x55 || data[511] != 0xaa) {
185         return -EINVAL;
186     }
187 
188     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
189         read_partition(&data[446 + 16 * i], &mbr[i]);
190 
191         if (!mbr[i].system || !mbr[i].nb_sectors_abs) {
192             continue;
193         }
194 
195         if (mbr[i].system == 0xF || mbr[i].system == 0x5) {
196             struct partition_record ext[4];
197             uint8_t data1[MBR_SIZE];
198             int j;
199 
200             ret = blk_pread(blk, mbr[i].start_sector_abs * MBR_SIZE,
201                             data1, sizeof(data1));
202             if (ret < 0) {
203                 error_report("error while reading: %s", strerror(-ret));
204                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
205             }
206 
207             for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
208                 read_partition(&data1[446 + 16 * j], &ext[j]);
209                 if (!ext[j].system || !ext[j].nb_sectors_abs) {
210                     continue;
211                 }
212 
213                 if ((ext_partnum + j + 1) == partition) {
214                     *offset = (uint64_t)ext[j].start_sector_abs << 9;
215                     *size = (uint64_t)ext[j].nb_sectors_abs << 9;
216                     return 0;
217                 }
218             }
219             ext_partnum += 4;
220         } else if ((i + 1) == partition) {
221             *offset = (uint64_t)mbr[i].start_sector_abs << 9;
222             *size = (uint64_t)mbr[i].nb_sectors_abs << 9;
223             return 0;
224         }
225     }
226 
227     return -ENOENT;
228 }
229 
230 static void termsig_handler(int signum)
231 {
232     atomic_cmpxchg(&state, RUNNING, TERMINATE);
233     qemu_notify_event();
234 }
235 
236 
237 static void *show_parts(void *arg)
238 {
239     char *device = arg;
240     int nbd;
241 
242     /* linux just needs an open() to trigger
243      * the partition table update
244      * but remember to load the module with max_part != 0 :
245      *     modprobe nbd max_part=63
246      */
247     nbd = open(device, O_RDWR);
248     if (nbd >= 0) {
249         close(nbd);
250     }
251     return NULL;
252 }
253 
254 static void *nbd_client_thread(void *arg)
255 {
256     char *device = arg;
257     off_t size;
258     uint16_t nbdflags;
259     QIOChannelSocket *sioc;
260     int fd;
261     int ret;
262     pthread_t show_parts_thread;
263     Error *local_error = NULL;
264 
265     sioc = qio_channel_socket_new();
266     if (qio_channel_socket_connect_sync(sioc,
267                                         saddr,
268                                         &local_error) < 0) {
269         error_report_err(local_error);
270         goto out;
271     }
272 
273     ret = nbd_receive_negotiate(QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), NULL, &nbdflags,
274                                 NULL, NULL, NULL,
275                                 &size, &local_error);
276     if (ret < 0) {
277         if (local_error) {
278             error_report_err(local_error);
279         }
280         goto out_socket;
281     }
282 
283     fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
284     if (fd < 0) {
285         /* Linux-only, we can use %m in printf.  */
286         error_report("Failed to open %s: %m", device);
287         goto out_socket;
288     }
289 
290     ret = nbd_init(fd, sioc, nbdflags, size);
291     if (ret < 0) {
292         goto out_fd;
293     }
294 
295     /* update partition table */
296     pthread_create(&show_parts_thread, NULL, show_parts, device);
297 
298     if (verbose) {
299         fprintf(stderr, "NBD device %s is now connected to %s\n",
300                 device, srcpath);
301     } else {
302         /* Close stderr so that the qemu-nbd process exits.  */
303         dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
304     }
305 
306     ret = nbd_client(fd);
307     if (ret) {
308         goto out_fd;
309     }
310     close(fd);
311     object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
312     kill(getpid(), SIGTERM);
313     return (void *) EXIT_SUCCESS;
314 
315 out_fd:
316     close(fd);
317 out_socket:
318     object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
319 out:
320     kill(getpid(), SIGTERM);
321     return (void *) EXIT_FAILURE;
322 }
323 
324 static int nbd_can_accept(void)
325 {
326     return nb_fds < shared;
327 }
328 
329 static void nbd_export_closed(NBDExport *exp)
330 {
331     assert(state == TERMINATING);
332     state = TERMINATED;
333 }
334 
335 static void nbd_update_server_watch(void);
336 
337 static void nbd_client_closed(NBDClient *client)
338 {
339     nb_fds--;
340     if (nb_fds == 0 && !persistent && state == RUNNING) {
341         state = TERMINATE;
342     }
343     nbd_update_server_watch();
344     nbd_client_put(client);
345 }
346 
347 static gboolean nbd_accept(QIOChannel *ioc, GIOCondition cond, gpointer opaque)
348 {
349     QIOChannelSocket *cioc;
350 
351     cioc = qio_channel_socket_accept(QIO_CHANNEL_SOCKET(ioc),
352                                      NULL);
353     if (!cioc) {
354         return TRUE;
355     }
356 
357     if (state >= TERMINATE) {
358         object_unref(OBJECT(cioc));
359         return TRUE;
360     }
361 
362     nb_fds++;
363     nbd_update_server_watch();
364     nbd_client_new(newproto ? NULL : exp, cioc,
365                    tlscreds, NULL, nbd_client_closed);
366     object_unref(OBJECT(cioc));
367 
368     return TRUE;
369 }
370 
371 static void nbd_update_server_watch(void)
372 {
373     if (nbd_can_accept()) {
374         if (server_watch == -1) {
375             server_watch = qio_channel_add_watch(QIO_CHANNEL(server_ioc),
376                                                  G_IO_IN,
377                                                  nbd_accept,
378                                                  NULL, NULL);
379         }
380     } else {
381         if (server_watch != -1) {
382             g_source_remove(server_watch);
383             server_watch = -1;
384         }
385     }
386 }
387 
388 
389 static SocketAddress *nbd_build_socket_address(const char *sockpath,
390                                                const char *bindto,
391                                                const char *port)
392 {
393     SocketAddress *saddr;
394 
395     saddr = g_new0(SocketAddress, 1);
396     if (sockpath) {
397         saddr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_KIND_UNIX;
398         saddr->u.q_unix.data = g_new0(UnixSocketAddress, 1);
399         saddr->u.q_unix.data->path = g_strdup(sockpath);
400     } else {
401         InetSocketAddress *inet;
402         saddr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_KIND_INET;
403         inet = saddr->u.inet.data = g_new0(InetSocketAddress, 1);
404         inet->host = g_strdup(bindto);
405         if (port) {
406             inet->port = g_strdup(port);
407         } else  {
408             inet->port = g_strdup_printf("%d", NBD_DEFAULT_PORT);
409         }
410     }
411 
412     return saddr;
413 }
414 
415 
416 static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
417     .name = "file",
418     .implied_opt_name = "file",
419     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(file_opts.head),
420     .desc = {
421         /* no elements => accept any params */
422         { /* end of list */ }
423     },
424 };
425 
426 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
427     .name = "object",
428     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
429     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
430     .desc = {
431         { }
432     },
433 };
434 
435 
436 
437 static QCryptoTLSCreds *nbd_get_tls_creds(const char *id, Error **errp)
438 {
439     Object *obj;
440     QCryptoTLSCreds *creds;
441 
442     obj = object_resolve_path_component(
443         object_get_objects_root(), id);
444     if (!obj) {
445         error_setg(errp, "No TLS credentials with id '%s'",
446                    id);
447         return NULL;
448     }
449     creds = (QCryptoTLSCreds *)
450         object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS);
451     if (!creds) {
452         error_setg(errp, "Object with id '%s' is not TLS credentials",
453                    id);
454         return NULL;
455     }
456 
457     if (creds->endpoint != QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS_ENDPOINT_SERVER) {
458         error_setg(errp,
459                    "Expecting TLS credentials with a server endpoint");
460         return NULL;
461     }
462     object_ref(obj);
463     return creds;
464 }
465 
466 static void setup_address_and_port(const char **address, const char **port)
467 {
468     if (*address == NULL) {
469         *address = "0.0.0.0";
470     }
471 
472     if (*port == NULL) {
473         *port = stringify(NBD_DEFAULT_PORT);
474     }
475 }
476 
477 #define FIRST_SOCKET_ACTIVATION_FD 3 /* defined by systemd ABI */
478 
479 #ifndef _WIN32
480 /*
481  * Check if socket activation was requested via use of the
482  * LISTEN_FDS and LISTEN_PID environment variables.
483  *
484  * Returns 0 if no socket activation, or the number of FDs.
485  */
486 static unsigned int check_socket_activation(void)
487 {
488     const char *s;
489     unsigned long pid;
490     unsigned long nr_fds;
491     unsigned int i;
492     int fd;
493     int err;
494 
495     s = getenv("LISTEN_PID");
496     if (s == NULL) {
497         return 0;
498     }
499     err = qemu_strtoul(s, NULL, 10, &pid);
500     if (err) {
501         if (verbose) {
502             fprintf(stderr, "malformed %s environment variable (ignored)\n",
503                     "LISTEN_PID");
504         }
505         return 0;
506     }
507     if (pid != getpid()) {
508         if (verbose) {
509             fprintf(stderr, "%s was not for us (ignored)\n",
510                     "LISTEN_PID");
511         }
512         return 0;
513     }
514 
515     s = getenv("LISTEN_FDS");
516     if (s == NULL) {
517         return 0;
518     }
519     err = qemu_strtoul(s, NULL, 10, &nr_fds);
520     if (err) {
521         if (verbose) {
522             fprintf(stderr, "malformed %s environment variable (ignored)\n",
523                     "LISTEN_FDS");
524         }
525         return 0;
526     }
527     assert(nr_fds <= UINT_MAX);
528 
529     /* A limitation of current qemu-nbd is that it can only listen on
530      * a single socket.  When that limitation is lifted, we can change
531      * this function to allow LISTEN_FDS > 1, and remove the assertion
532      * in the main function below.
533      */
534     if (nr_fds > 1) {
535         error_report("qemu-nbd does not support socket activation with %s > 1",
536                      "LISTEN_FDS");
537         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
538     }
539 
540     /* So these are not passed to any child processes we might start. */
541     unsetenv("LISTEN_FDS");
542     unsetenv("LISTEN_PID");
543 
544     /* So the file descriptors don't leak into child processes. */
545     for (i = 0; i < nr_fds; ++i) {
546         fd = FIRST_SOCKET_ACTIVATION_FD + i;
547         if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) {
548             /* If we cannot set FD_CLOEXEC then it probably means the file
549              * descriptor is invalid, so socket activation has gone wrong
550              * and we should exit.
551              */
552             error_report("Socket activation failed: "
553                          "invalid file descriptor fd = %d: %m",
554                          fd);
555             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
556         }
557     }
558 
559     return (unsigned int) nr_fds;
560 }
561 
562 #else /* !_WIN32 */
563 static unsigned int check_socket_activation(void)
564 {
565     return 0;
566 }
567 #endif
568 
569 /*
570  * Check socket parameters compatibility when socket activation is used.
571  */
572 static const char *socket_activation_validate_opts(const char *device,
573                                                    const char *sockpath,
574                                                    const char *address,
575                                                    const char *port)
576 {
577     if (device != NULL) {
578         return "NBD device can't be set when using socket activation";
579     }
580 
581     if (sockpath != NULL) {
582         return "Unix socket can't be set when using socket activation";
583     }
584 
585     if (address != NULL) {
586         return "The interface can't be set when using socket activation";
587     }
588 
589     if (port != NULL) {
590         return "TCP port number can't be set when using socket activation";
591     }
592 
593     return NULL;
594 }
595 
596 int main(int argc, char **argv)
597 {
598     BlockBackend *blk;
599     BlockDriverState *bs;
600     off_t dev_offset = 0;
601     uint16_t nbdflags = 0;
602     bool disconnect = false;
603     const char *bindto = NULL;
604     const char *port = NULL;
605     char *sockpath = NULL;
606     char *device = NULL;
607     off_t fd_size;
608     QemuOpts *sn_opts = NULL;
609     const char *sn_id_or_name = NULL;
610     const char *sopt = "hVb:o:p:rsnP:c:dvk:e:f:tl:x:T:D:";
611     struct option lopt[] = {
612         { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
613         { "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
614         { "bind", required_argument, NULL, 'b' },
615         { "port", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
616         { "socket", required_argument, NULL, 'k' },
617         { "offset", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
618         { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
619         { "partition", required_argument, NULL, 'P' },
620         { "connect", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
621         { "disconnect", no_argument, NULL, 'd' },
622         { "snapshot", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
623         { "load-snapshot", required_argument, NULL, 'l' },
624         { "nocache", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
625         { "cache", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE },
626         { "aio", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO },
627         { "discard", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD },
628         { "detect-zeroes", required_argument, NULL,
629           QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES },
630         { "shared", required_argument, NULL, 'e' },
631         { "format", required_argument, NULL, 'f' },
632         { "persistent", no_argument, NULL, 't' },
633         { "verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v' },
634         { "object", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT },
635         { "export-name", required_argument, NULL, 'x' },
636         { "description", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },
637         { "tls-creds", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS },
638         { "image-opts", no_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_IMAGE_OPTS },
639         { "trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T' },
640         { "fork", no_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_FORK },
641         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
642     };
643     int ch;
644     int opt_ind = 0;
645     char *end;
646     int flags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
647     int partition = -1;
648     int ret = 0;
649     bool seen_cache = false;
650     bool seen_discard = false;
651     bool seen_aio = false;
652     pthread_t client_thread;
653     const char *fmt = NULL;
654     Error *local_err = NULL;
655     BlockdevDetectZeroesOptions detect_zeroes = BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_OFF;
656     QDict *options = NULL;
657     const char *export_name = NULL;
658     const char *export_description = NULL;
659     const char *tlscredsid = NULL;
660     bool imageOpts = false;
661     bool writethrough = true;
662     char *trace_file = NULL;
663     bool fork_process = false;
664     int old_stderr = -1;
665     unsigned socket_activation;
666 
667     /* The client thread uses SIGTERM to interrupt the server.  A signal
668      * handler ensures that "qemu-nbd -v -c" exits with a nice status code.
669      */
670     struct sigaction sa_sigterm;
671     memset(&sa_sigterm, 0, sizeof(sa_sigterm));
672     sa_sigterm.sa_handler = termsig_handler;
673     sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa_sigterm, NULL);
674 
675     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE);
676     qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
677 
678     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
679     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
680     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
681     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
682 
683     while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_ind)) != -1) {
684         switch (ch) {
685         case 's':
686             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
687             break;
688         case 'n':
689             optarg = (char *) "none";
690             /* fallthrough */
691         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE:
692             if (seen_cache) {
693                 error_report("-n and --cache can only be specified once");
694                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
695             }
696             seen_cache = true;
697             if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) == -1) {
698                 error_report("Invalid cache mode `%s'", optarg);
699                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
700             }
701             break;
702         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO:
703             if (seen_aio) {
704                 error_report("--aio can only be specified once");
705                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
706             }
707             seen_aio = true;
708             if (!strcmp(optarg, "native")) {
709                 flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
710             } else if (!strcmp(optarg, "threads")) {
711                 /* this is the default */
712             } else {
713                error_report("invalid aio mode `%s'", optarg);
714                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
715             }
716             break;
717         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD:
718             if (seen_discard) {
719                 error_report("--discard can only be specified once");
720                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
721             }
722             seen_discard = true;
723             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) == -1) {
724                 error_report("Invalid discard mode `%s'", optarg);
725                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
726             }
727             break;
728         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES:
729             detect_zeroes =
730                 qapi_enum_parse(BlockdevDetectZeroesOptions_lookup,
731                                 optarg,
732                                 BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS__MAX,
733                                 BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_OFF,
734                                 &local_err);
735             if (local_err) {
736                 error_reportf_err(local_err,
737                                   "Failed to parse detect_zeroes mode: ");
738                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
739             }
740             if (detect_zeroes == BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_UNMAP &&
741                 !(flags & BDRV_O_UNMAP)) {
742                 error_report("setting detect-zeroes to unmap is not allowed "
743                              "without setting discard operation to unmap");
744                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
745             }
746             break;
747         case 'b':
748             bindto = optarg;
749             break;
750         case 'p':
751             port = optarg;
752             break;
753         case 'o':
754                 dev_offset = strtoll (optarg, &end, 0);
755             if (*end) {
756                 error_report("Invalid offset `%s'", optarg);
757                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
758             }
759             if (dev_offset < 0) {
760                 error_report("Offset must be positive `%s'", optarg);
761                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
762             }
763             break;
764         case 'l':
765             if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
766                 sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
767                                                   optarg, false);
768                 if (!sn_opts) {
769                     error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param `%s'",
770                                  optarg);
771                     exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
772                 }
773             } else {
774                 sn_id_or_name = optarg;
775             }
776             /* fall through */
777         case 'r':
778             nbdflags |= NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY;
779             flags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR;
780             break;
781         case 'P':
782             partition = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
783             if (*end) {
784                 error_report("Invalid partition `%s'", optarg);
785                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
786             }
787             if (partition < 1 || partition > 8) {
788                 error_report("Invalid partition %d", partition);
789                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
790             }
791             break;
792         case 'k':
793             sockpath = optarg;
794             if (sockpath[0] != '/') {
795                 error_report("socket path must be absolute");
796                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
797             }
798             break;
799         case 'd':
800             disconnect = true;
801             break;
802         case 'c':
803             device = optarg;
804             break;
805         case 'e':
806             shared = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
807             if (*end) {
808                 error_report("Invalid shared device number '%s'", optarg);
809                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
810             }
811             if (shared < 1) {
812                 error_report("Shared device number must be greater than 0");
813                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
814             }
815             break;
816         case 'f':
817             fmt = optarg;
818             break;
819         case 't':
820             persistent = 1;
821             break;
822         case 'x':
823             export_name = optarg;
824             break;
825         case 'D':
826             export_description = optarg;
827             break;
828         case 'v':
829             verbose = 1;
830             break;
831         case 'V':
832             version(argv[0]);
833             exit(0);
834             break;
835         case 'h':
836             usage(argv[0]);
837             exit(0);
838             break;
839         case '?':
840             error_report("Try `%s --help' for more information.", argv[0]);
841             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
842         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT: {
843             QemuOpts *opts;
844             opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
845                                            optarg, true);
846             if (!opts) {
847                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
848             }
849         }   break;
850         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS:
851             tlscredsid = optarg;
852             break;
853         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_IMAGE_OPTS:
854             imageOpts = true;
855             break;
856         case 'T':
857             g_free(trace_file);
858             trace_file = trace_opt_parse(optarg);
859             break;
860         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_FORK:
861             fork_process = true;
862             break;
863         }
864     }
865 
866     if ((argc - optind) != 1) {
867         error_report("Invalid number of arguments");
868         error_printf("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n", argv[0]);
869         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
870     }
871 
872     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
873                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
874                           NULL, NULL)) {
875         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
876     }
877 
878     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
879         exit(1);
880     }
881     trace_init_file(trace_file);
882     qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE);
883 
884     socket_activation = check_socket_activation();
885     if (socket_activation == 0) {
886         setup_address_and_port(&bindto, &port);
887     } else {
888         /* Using socket activation - check user didn't use -p etc. */
889         const char *err_msg = socket_activation_validate_opts(device, sockpath,
890                                                               bindto, port);
891         if (err_msg != NULL) {
892             error_report("%s", err_msg);
893             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
894         }
895     }
896 
897     if (tlscredsid) {
898         if (sockpath) {
899             error_report("TLS is only supported with IPv4/IPv6");
900             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
901         }
902         if (device) {
903             error_report("TLS is not supported with a host device");
904             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
905         }
906         if (!export_name) {
907             /* Set the default NBD protocol export name, since
908              * we *must* use new style protocol for TLS */
909             export_name = "";
910         }
911         tlscreds = nbd_get_tls_creds(tlscredsid, &local_err);
912         if (local_err) {
913             error_report("Failed to get TLS creds %s",
914                          error_get_pretty(local_err));
915             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
916         }
917     }
918 
919     if (disconnect) {
920         int nbdfd = open(argv[optind], O_RDWR);
921         if (nbdfd < 0) {
922             error_report("Cannot open %s: %s", argv[optind],
923                          strerror(errno));
924             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
925         }
926         nbd_disconnect(nbdfd);
927 
928         close(nbdfd);
929 
930         printf("%s disconnected\n", argv[optind]);
931 
932         return 0;
933     }
934 
935     if ((device && !verbose) || fork_process) {
936         int stderr_fd[2];
937         pid_t pid;
938         int ret;
939 
940         if (qemu_pipe(stderr_fd) < 0) {
941             error_report("Error setting up communication pipe: %s",
942                          strerror(errno));
943             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
944         }
945 
946         /* Now daemonize, but keep a communication channel open to
947          * print errors and exit with the proper status code.
948          */
949         pid = fork();
950         if (pid < 0) {
951             error_report("Failed to fork: %s", strerror(errno));
952             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
953         } else if (pid == 0) {
954             close(stderr_fd[0]);
955             ret = qemu_daemon(1, 0);
956 
957             /* Temporarily redirect stderr to the parent's pipe...  */
958             old_stderr = dup(STDERR_FILENO);
959             dup2(stderr_fd[1], STDERR_FILENO);
960             if (ret < 0) {
961                 error_report("Failed to daemonize: %s", strerror(errno));
962                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
963             }
964 
965             /* ... close the descriptor we inherited and go on.  */
966             close(stderr_fd[1]);
967         } else {
968             bool errors = false;
969             char *buf;
970 
971             /* In the parent.  Print error messages from the child until
972              * it closes the pipe.
973              */
974             close(stderr_fd[1]);
975             buf = g_malloc(1024);
976             while ((ret = read(stderr_fd[0], buf, 1024)) > 0) {
977                 errors = true;
978                 ret = qemu_write_full(STDERR_FILENO, buf, ret);
979                 if (ret < 0) {
980                     exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
981                 }
982             }
983             if (ret < 0) {
984                 error_report("Cannot read from daemon: %s",
985                              strerror(errno));
986                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
987             }
988 
989             /* Usually the daemon should not print any message.
990              * Exit with zero status in that case.
991              */
992             exit(errors);
993         }
994     }
995 
996     if (device != NULL && sockpath == NULL) {
997         sockpath = g_malloc(128);
998         snprintf(sockpath, 128, SOCKET_PATH, basename(device));
999     }
1000 
1001     if (socket_activation == 0) {
1002         server_ioc = qio_channel_socket_new();
1003         saddr = nbd_build_socket_address(sockpath, bindto, port);
1004         if (qio_channel_socket_listen_sync(server_ioc, saddr, &local_err) < 0) {
1005             object_unref(OBJECT(server_ioc));
1006             error_report_err(local_err);
1007             return 1;
1008         }
1009     } else {
1010         /* See comment in check_socket_activation above. */
1011         assert(socket_activation == 1);
1012         server_ioc = qio_channel_socket_new_fd(FIRST_SOCKET_ACTIVATION_FD,
1013                                                &local_err);
1014         if (server_ioc == NULL) {
1015             error_report("Failed to use socket activation: %s",
1016                          error_get_pretty(local_err));
1017             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1018         }
1019     }
1020 
1021     if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_err)) {
1022         error_report_err(local_err);
1023         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1024     }
1025     bdrv_init();
1026     atexit(bdrv_close_all);
1027 
1028     srcpath = argv[optind];
1029     if (imageOpts) {
1030         QemuOpts *opts;
1031         if (fmt) {
1032             error_report("--image-opts and -f are mutually exclusive");
1033             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1034         }
1035         opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&file_opts, srcpath, true);
1036         if (!opts) {
1037             qemu_opts_reset(&file_opts);
1038             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1039         }
1040         options = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
1041         qemu_opts_reset(&file_opts);
1042         blk = blk_new_open(NULL, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
1043     } else {
1044         if (fmt) {
1045             options = qdict_new();
1046             qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(fmt));
1047         }
1048         blk = blk_new_open(srcpath, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
1049     }
1050 
1051     if (!blk) {
1052         error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to blk_new_open '%s': ",
1053                           argv[optind]);
1054         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1055     }
1056     bs = blk_bs(blk);
1057 
1058     blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
1059 
1060     if (sn_opts) {
1061         ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(bs,
1062                                      qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
1063                                      qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
1064                                      &local_err);
1065     } else if (sn_id_or_name) {
1066         ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(bs, sn_id_or_name,
1067                                                    &local_err);
1068     }
1069     if (ret < 0) {
1070         error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
1071         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1072     }
1073 
1074     bs->detect_zeroes = detect_zeroes;
1075     fd_size = blk_getlength(blk);
1076     if (fd_size < 0) {
1077         error_report("Failed to determine the image length: %s",
1078                      strerror(-fd_size));
1079         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1080     }
1081 
1082     if (dev_offset >= fd_size) {
1083         error_report("Offset (%lld) has to be smaller than the image size "
1084                      "(%lld)",
1085                      (long long int)dev_offset, (long long int)fd_size);
1086         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1087     }
1088     fd_size -= dev_offset;
1089 
1090     if (partition != -1) {
1091         ret = find_partition(blk, partition, &dev_offset, &fd_size);
1092         if (ret < 0) {
1093             error_report("Could not find partition %d: %s", partition,
1094                          strerror(-ret));
1095             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1096         }
1097     }
1098 
1099     exp = nbd_export_new(bs, dev_offset, fd_size, nbdflags, nbd_export_closed,
1100                          writethrough, NULL, &local_err);
1101     if (!exp) {
1102         error_report_err(local_err);
1103         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1104     }
1105     if (export_name) {
1106         nbd_export_set_name(exp, export_name);
1107         nbd_export_set_description(exp, export_description);
1108         newproto = true;
1109     } else if (export_description) {
1110         error_report("Export description requires an export name");
1111         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1112     }
1113 
1114     if (device) {
1115         int ret;
1116 
1117         ret = pthread_create(&client_thread, NULL, nbd_client_thread, device);
1118         if (ret != 0) {
1119             error_report("Failed to create client thread: %s", strerror(ret));
1120             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1121         }
1122     } else {
1123         /* Shut up GCC warnings.  */
1124         memset(&client_thread, 0, sizeof(client_thread));
1125     }
1126 
1127     nbd_update_server_watch();
1128 
1129     /* now when the initialization is (almost) complete, chdir("/")
1130      * to free any busy filesystems */
1131     if (chdir("/") < 0) {
1132         error_report("Could not chdir to root directory: %s",
1133                      strerror(errno));
1134         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1135     }
1136 
1137     if (fork_process) {
1138         dup2(old_stderr, STDERR_FILENO);
1139         close(old_stderr);
1140     }
1141 
1142     state = RUNNING;
1143     do {
1144         main_loop_wait(false);
1145         if (state == TERMINATE) {
1146             state = TERMINATING;
1147             nbd_export_close(exp);
1148             nbd_export_put(exp);
1149             exp = NULL;
1150         }
1151     } while (state != TERMINATED);
1152 
1153     blk_unref(blk);
1154     if (sockpath) {
1155         unlink(sockpath);
1156     }
1157 
1158     qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
1159 
1160     if (device) {
1161         void *ret;
1162         pthread_join(client_thread, &ret);
1163         exit(ret != NULL);
1164     } else {
1165         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
1166     }
1167 }
1168