xref: /openbmc/qemu/qemu-nbd.c (revision 848c7092)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 2005  Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
3  *
4  *  Network Block Device
5  *
6  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8  *  the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
9  *
10  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
13  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
14  *
15  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16  *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
17  */
18 
19 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
20 #include <getopt.h>
21 #include <libgen.h>
22 #include <pthread.h>
23 
24 #include "qapi/error.h"
25 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
26 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
27 #include "block/block_int.h"
28 #include "block/nbd.h"
29 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
30 #include "qemu/option.h"
31 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
32 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
33 #include "qemu/bswap.h"
34 #include "qemu/log.h"
35 #include "qemu/systemd.h"
36 #include "block/snapshot.h"
37 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
38 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
39 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
40 #include "io/channel-socket.h"
41 #include "io/net-listener.h"
42 #include "crypto/init.h"
43 #include "trace/control.h"
44 #include "qemu-version.h"
45 
46 #ifdef __linux__
47 #define HAVE_NBD_DEVICE 1
48 #else
49 #define HAVE_NBD_DEVICE 0
50 #endif
51 
52 #define SOCKET_PATH                "/var/lock/qemu-nbd-%s"
53 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE         256
54 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO           257
55 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD       258
56 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES 259
57 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT        260
58 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS      261
59 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_IMAGE_OPTS    262
60 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_FORK          263
61 
62 #define MBR_SIZE 512
63 
64 static NBDExport *export;
65 static int verbose;
66 static char *srcpath;
67 static SocketAddress *saddr;
68 static int persistent = 0;
69 static enum { RUNNING, TERMINATE, TERMINATING, TERMINATED } state;
70 static int shared = 1;
71 static int nb_fds;
72 static QIONetListener *server;
73 static QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds;
74 
75 static void usage(const char *name)
76 {
77     (printf) (
78 "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] FILE\n"
79 "  or:  %s -L [OPTIONS]\n"
80 "QEMU Disk Network Block Device Utility\n"
81 "\n"
82 "  -h, --help                display this help and exit\n"
83 "  -V, --version             output version information and exit\n"
84 "\n"
85 "Connection properties:\n"
86 "  -p, --port=PORT           port to listen on (default `%d')\n"
87 "  -b, --bind=IFACE          interface to bind to (default `0.0.0.0')\n"
88 "  -k, --socket=PATH         path to the unix socket\n"
89 "                            (default '"SOCKET_PATH"')\n"
90 "  -e, --shared=NUM          device can be shared by NUM clients (default '1')\n"
91 "  -t, --persistent          don't exit on the last connection\n"
92 "  -v, --verbose             display extra debugging information\n"
93 "  -x, --export-name=NAME    expose export by name (default is empty string)\n"
94 "  -D, --description=TEXT    export a human-readable description\n"
95 "\n"
96 "Exposing part of the image:\n"
97 "  -o, --offset=OFFSET       offset into the image\n"
98 "  -P, --partition=NUM       only expose partition NUM\n"
99 "  -B, --bitmap=NAME         expose a persistent dirty bitmap\n"
100 "\n"
101 "General purpose options:\n"
102 "  -L, --list                list exports available from another NBD server\n"
103 "  --object type,id=ID,...   define an object such as 'secret' for providing\n"
104 "                            passwords and/or encryption keys\n"
105 "  --tls-creds=ID            use id of an earlier --object to provide TLS\n"
106 "  -T, --trace [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
107 "                            specify tracing options\n"
108 "  --fork                    fork off the server process and exit the parent\n"
109 "                            once the server is running\n"
110 #if HAVE_NBD_DEVICE
111 "\n"
112 "Kernel NBD client support:\n"
113 "  -c, --connect=DEV         connect FILE to the local NBD device DEV\n"
114 "  -d, --disconnect          disconnect the specified device\n"
115 #endif
116 "\n"
117 "Block device options:\n"
118 "  -f, --format=FORMAT       set image format (raw, qcow2, ...)\n"
119 "  -r, --read-only           export read-only\n"
120 "  -s, --snapshot            use FILE as an external snapshot, create a temporary\n"
121 "                            file with backing_file=FILE, redirect the write to\n"
122 "                            the temporary one\n"
123 "  -l, --load-snapshot=SNAPSHOT_PARAM\n"
124 "                            load an internal snapshot inside FILE and export it\n"
125 "                            as an read-only device, SNAPSHOT_PARAM format is\n"
126 "                            'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
127 "                            '[ID_OR_NAME]'\n"
128 "  -n, --nocache             disable host cache\n"
129 "      --cache=MODE          set cache mode (none, writeback, ...)\n"
130 "      --aio=MODE            set AIO mode (native or threads)\n"
131 "      --discard=MODE        set discard mode (ignore, unmap)\n"
132 "      --detect-zeroes=MODE  set detect-zeroes mode (off, on, unmap)\n"
133 "      --image-opts          treat FILE as a full set of image options\n"
134 "\n"
135 QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n"
136     , name, name, NBD_DEFAULT_PORT, "DEVICE");
137 }
138 
139 static void version(const char *name)
140 {
141     printf(
142 "%s " QEMU_FULL_VERSION "\n"
143 "Written by Anthony Liguori.\n"
144 "\n"
145 QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n"
146 "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO\n"
147 "warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
148     , name);
149 }
150 
151 struct partition_record
152 {
153     uint8_t bootable;
154     uint8_t start_head;
155     uint32_t start_cylinder;
156     uint8_t start_sector;
157     uint8_t system;
158     uint8_t end_head;
159     uint8_t end_cylinder;
160     uint8_t end_sector;
161     uint32_t start_sector_abs;
162     uint32_t nb_sectors_abs;
163 };
164 
165 static void read_partition(uint8_t *p, struct partition_record *r)
166 {
167     r->bootable = p[0];
168     r->start_head = p[1];
169     r->start_cylinder = p[3] | ((p[2] << 2) & 0x0300);
170     r->start_sector = p[2] & 0x3f;
171     r->system = p[4];
172     r->end_head = p[5];
173     r->end_cylinder = p[7] | ((p[6] << 2) & 0x300);
174     r->end_sector = p[6] & 0x3f;
175 
176     r->start_sector_abs = ldl_le_p(p + 8);
177     r->nb_sectors_abs   = ldl_le_p(p + 12);
178 }
179 
180 static int find_partition(BlockBackend *blk, int partition,
181                           uint64_t *offset, uint64_t *size)
182 {
183     struct partition_record mbr[4];
184     uint8_t data[MBR_SIZE];
185     int i;
186     int ext_partnum = 4;
187     int ret;
188 
189     ret = blk_pread(blk, 0, data, sizeof(data));
190     if (ret < 0) {
191         error_report("error while reading: %s", strerror(-ret));
192         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
193     }
194 
195     if (data[510] != 0x55 || data[511] != 0xaa) {
196         return -EINVAL;
197     }
198 
199     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
200         read_partition(&data[446 + 16 * i], &mbr[i]);
201 
202         if (!mbr[i].system || !mbr[i].nb_sectors_abs) {
203             continue;
204         }
205 
206         if (mbr[i].system == 0xF || mbr[i].system == 0x5) {
207             struct partition_record ext[4];
208             uint8_t data1[MBR_SIZE];
209             int j;
210 
211             ret = blk_pread(blk, mbr[i].start_sector_abs * MBR_SIZE,
212                             data1, sizeof(data1));
213             if (ret < 0) {
214                 error_report("error while reading: %s", strerror(-ret));
215                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
216             }
217 
218             for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
219                 read_partition(&data1[446 + 16 * j], &ext[j]);
220                 if (!ext[j].system || !ext[j].nb_sectors_abs) {
221                     continue;
222                 }
223 
224                 if ((ext_partnum + j + 1) == partition) {
225                     *offset = (uint64_t)ext[j].start_sector_abs << 9;
226                     *size = (uint64_t)ext[j].nb_sectors_abs << 9;
227                     return 0;
228                 }
229             }
230             ext_partnum += 4;
231         } else if ((i + 1) == partition) {
232             *offset = (uint64_t)mbr[i].start_sector_abs << 9;
233             *size = (uint64_t)mbr[i].nb_sectors_abs << 9;
234             return 0;
235         }
236     }
237 
238     return -ENOENT;
239 }
240 
241 static void termsig_handler(int signum)
242 {
243     atomic_cmpxchg(&state, RUNNING, TERMINATE);
244     qemu_notify_event();
245 }
246 
247 
248 static int qemu_nbd_client_list(SocketAddress *saddr, QCryptoTLSCreds *tls,
249                                 const char *hostname)
250 {
251     int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
252     int rc;
253     Error *err = NULL;
254     QIOChannelSocket *sioc;
255     NBDExportInfo *list;
256     int i, j;
257 
258     sioc = qio_channel_socket_new();
259     if (qio_channel_socket_connect_sync(sioc, saddr, &err) < 0) {
260         error_report_err(err);
261         return EXIT_FAILURE;
262     }
263     rc = nbd_receive_export_list(QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), tls, hostname, &list,
264                                  &err);
265     if (rc < 0) {
266         if (err) {
267             error_report_err(err);
268         }
269         goto out;
270     }
271     printf("exports available: %d\n", rc);
272     for (i = 0; i < rc; i++) {
273         printf(" export: '%s'\n", list[i].name);
274         if (list[i].description && *list[i].description) {
275             printf("  description: %s\n", list[i].description);
276         }
277         if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS) {
278             printf("  size:  %" PRIu64 "\n", list[i].size);
279             printf("  flags: 0x%x (", list[i].flags);
280             if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY) {
281                 printf(" readonly");
282             }
283             if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH) {
284                 printf(" flush");
285             }
286             if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA) {
287                 printf(" fua");
288             }
289             if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_ROTATIONAL) {
290                 printf(" rotational");
291             }
292             if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM) {
293                 printf(" trim");
294             }
295             if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES) {
296                 printf(" zeroes");
297             }
298             if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF) {
299                 printf(" df");
300             }
301             if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_CAN_MULTI_CONN) {
302                 printf(" multi");
303             }
304             if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_RESIZE) {
305                 printf(" resize");
306             }
307             if (list[i].flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_CACHE) {
308                 printf(" cache");
309             }
310             printf(" )\n");
311         }
312         if (list[i].min_block) {
313             printf("  min block: %u\n", list[i].min_block);
314             printf("  opt block: %u\n", list[i].opt_block);
315             printf("  max block: %u\n", list[i].max_block);
316         }
317         if (list[i].n_contexts) {
318             printf("  available meta contexts: %d\n", list[i].n_contexts);
319             for (j = 0; j < list[i].n_contexts; j++) {
320                 printf("   %s\n", list[i].contexts[j]);
321             }
322         }
323     }
324     nbd_free_export_list(list, rc);
325 
326     ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
327  out:
328     object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
329     return ret;
330 }
331 
332 
333 #if HAVE_NBD_DEVICE
334 static void *show_parts(void *arg)
335 {
336     char *device = arg;
337     int nbd;
338 
339     /* linux just needs an open() to trigger
340      * the partition table update
341      * but remember to load the module with max_part != 0 :
342      *     modprobe nbd max_part=63
343      */
344     nbd = open(device, O_RDWR);
345     if (nbd >= 0) {
346         close(nbd);
347     }
348     return NULL;
349 }
350 
351 static void *nbd_client_thread(void *arg)
352 {
353     char *device = arg;
354     NBDExportInfo info = { .request_sizes = false, .name = g_strdup("") };
355     QIOChannelSocket *sioc;
356     int fd;
357     int ret;
358     pthread_t show_parts_thread;
359     Error *local_error = NULL;
360 
361     sioc = qio_channel_socket_new();
362     if (qio_channel_socket_connect_sync(sioc,
363                                         saddr,
364                                         &local_error) < 0) {
365         error_report_err(local_error);
366         goto out;
367     }
368 
369     ret = nbd_receive_negotiate(QIO_CHANNEL(sioc),
370                                 NULL, NULL, NULL, &info, &local_error);
371     if (ret < 0) {
372         if (local_error) {
373             error_report_err(local_error);
374         }
375         goto out_socket;
376     }
377 
378     fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
379     if (fd < 0) {
380         /* Linux-only, we can use %m in printf.  */
381         error_report("Failed to open %s: %m", device);
382         goto out_socket;
383     }
384 
385     ret = nbd_init(fd, sioc, &info, &local_error);
386     if (ret < 0) {
387         error_report_err(local_error);
388         goto out_fd;
389     }
390 
391     /* update partition table */
392     pthread_create(&show_parts_thread, NULL, show_parts, device);
393 
394     if (verbose) {
395         fprintf(stderr, "NBD device %s is now connected to %s\n",
396                 device, srcpath);
397     } else {
398         /* Close stderr so that the qemu-nbd process exits.  */
399         dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
400     }
401 
402     ret = nbd_client(fd);
403     if (ret) {
404         goto out_fd;
405     }
406     close(fd);
407     object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
408     g_free(info.name);
409     kill(getpid(), SIGTERM);
410     return (void *) EXIT_SUCCESS;
411 
412 out_fd:
413     close(fd);
414 out_socket:
415     object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
416 out:
417     g_free(info.name);
418     kill(getpid(), SIGTERM);
419     return (void *) EXIT_FAILURE;
420 }
421 #endif /* HAVE_NBD_DEVICE */
422 
423 static int nbd_can_accept(void)
424 {
425     return state == RUNNING && nb_fds < shared;
426 }
427 
428 static void nbd_export_closed(NBDExport *export)
429 {
430     assert(state == TERMINATING);
431     state = TERMINATED;
432 }
433 
434 static void nbd_update_server_watch(void);
435 
436 static void nbd_client_closed(NBDClient *client, bool negotiated)
437 {
438     nb_fds--;
439     if (negotiated && nb_fds == 0 && !persistent && state == RUNNING) {
440         state = TERMINATE;
441     }
442     nbd_update_server_watch();
443     nbd_client_put(client);
444 }
445 
446 static void nbd_accept(QIONetListener *listener, QIOChannelSocket *cioc,
447                        gpointer opaque)
448 {
449     if (state >= TERMINATE) {
450         return;
451     }
452 
453     nb_fds++;
454     nbd_update_server_watch();
455     nbd_client_new(cioc, tlscreds, NULL, nbd_client_closed);
456 }
457 
458 static void nbd_update_server_watch(void)
459 {
460     if (nbd_can_accept()) {
461         qio_net_listener_set_client_func(server, nbd_accept, NULL, NULL);
462     } else {
463         qio_net_listener_set_client_func(server, NULL, NULL, NULL);
464     }
465 }
466 
467 
468 static SocketAddress *nbd_build_socket_address(const char *sockpath,
469                                                const char *bindto,
470                                                const char *port)
471 {
472     SocketAddress *saddr;
473 
474     saddr = g_new0(SocketAddress, 1);
475     if (sockpath) {
476         saddr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX;
477         saddr->u.q_unix.path = g_strdup(sockpath);
478     } else {
479         InetSocketAddress *inet;
480         saddr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET;
481         inet = &saddr->u.inet;
482         inet->host = g_strdup(bindto);
483         if (port) {
484             inet->port = g_strdup(port);
485         } else  {
486             inet->port = g_strdup_printf("%d", NBD_DEFAULT_PORT);
487         }
488     }
489 
490     return saddr;
491 }
492 
493 
494 static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
495     .name = "file",
496     .implied_opt_name = "file",
497     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(file_opts.head),
498     .desc = {
499         /* no elements => accept any params */
500         { /* end of list */ }
501     },
502 };
503 
504 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
505     .name = "object",
506     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
507     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
508     .desc = {
509         { }
510     },
511 };
512 
513 
514 
515 static QCryptoTLSCreds *nbd_get_tls_creds(const char *id, bool list,
516                                           Error **errp)
517 {
518     Object *obj;
519     QCryptoTLSCreds *creds;
520 
521     obj = object_resolve_path_component(
522         object_get_objects_root(), id);
523     if (!obj) {
524         error_setg(errp, "No TLS credentials with id '%s'",
525                    id);
526         return NULL;
527     }
528     creds = (QCryptoTLSCreds *)
529         object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS);
530     if (!creds) {
531         error_setg(errp, "Object with id '%s' is not TLS credentials",
532                    id);
533         return NULL;
534     }
535 
536     if (list) {
537         if (creds->endpoint != QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS_ENDPOINT_CLIENT) {
538             error_setg(errp,
539                        "Expecting TLS credentials with a client endpoint");
540             return NULL;
541         }
542     } else {
543         if (creds->endpoint != QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS_ENDPOINT_SERVER) {
544             error_setg(errp,
545                        "Expecting TLS credentials with a server endpoint");
546             return NULL;
547         }
548     }
549     object_ref(obj);
550     return creds;
551 }
552 
553 static void setup_address_and_port(const char **address, const char **port)
554 {
555     if (*address == NULL) {
556         *address = "0.0.0.0";
557     }
558 
559     if (*port == NULL) {
560         *port = stringify(NBD_DEFAULT_PORT);
561     }
562 }
563 
564 /*
565  * Check socket parameters compatibility when socket activation is used.
566  */
567 static const char *socket_activation_validate_opts(const char *device,
568                                                    const char *sockpath,
569                                                    const char *address,
570                                                    const char *port,
571                                                    bool list)
572 {
573     if (device != NULL) {
574         return "NBD device can't be set when using socket activation";
575     }
576 
577     if (sockpath != NULL) {
578         return "Unix socket can't be set when using socket activation";
579     }
580 
581     if (address != NULL) {
582         return "The interface can't be set when using socket activation";
583     }
584 
585     if (port != NULL) {
586         return "TCP port number can't be set when using socket activation";
587     }
588 
589     if (list) {
590         return "List mode is incompatible with socket activation";
591     }
592 
593     return NULL;
594 }
595 
596 static void qemu_nbd_shutdown(void)
597 {
598     job_cancel_sync_all();
599     bdrv_close_all();
600 }
601 
602 int main(int argc, char **argv)
603 {
604     BlockBackend *blk;
605     BlockDriverState *bs;
606     uint64_t dev_offset = 0;
607     uint16_t nbdflags = 0;
608     bool disconnect = false;
609     const char *bindto = NULL;
610     const char *port = NULL;
611     char *sockpath = NULL;
612     char *device = NULL;
613     int64_t fd_size;
614     QemuOpts *sn_opts = NULL;
615     const char *sn_id_or_name = NULL;
616     const char *sopt = "hVb:o:p:rsnP:c:dvk:e:f:tl:x:T:D:B:L";
617     struct option lopt[] = {
618         { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
619         { "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
620         { "bind", required_argument, NULL, 'b' },
621         { "port", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
622         { "socket", required_argument, NULL, 'k' },
623         { "offset", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
624         { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
625         { "partition", required_argument, NULL, 'P' },
626         { "bitmap", required_argument, NULL, 'B' },
627         { "connect", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
628         { "disconnect", no_argument, NULL, 'd' },
629         { "list", no_argument, NULL, 'L' },
630         { "snapshot", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
631         { "load-snapshot", required_argument, NULL, 'l' },
632         { "nocache", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
633         { "cache", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE },
634         { "aio", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO },
635         { "discard", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD },
636         { "detect-zeroes", required_argument, NULL,
637           QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES },
638         { "shared", required_argument, NULL, 'e' },
639         { "format", required_argument, NULL, 'f' },
640         { "persistent", no_argument, NULL, 't' },
641         { "verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v' },
642         { "object", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT },
643         { "export-name", required_argument, NULL, 'x' },
644         { "description", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },
645         { "tls-creds", required_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS },
646         { "image-opts", no_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_IMAGE_OPTS },
647         { "trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T' },
648         { "fork", no_argument, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_FORK },
649         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
650     };
651     int ch;
652     int opt_ind = 0;
653     int flags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
654     int partition = 0;
655     int ret = 0;
656     bool seen_cache = false;
657     bool seen_discard = false;
658     bool seen_aio = false;
659     pthread_t client_thread;
660     const char *fmt = NULL;
661     Error *local_err = NULL;
662     BlockdevDetectZeroesOptions detect_zeroes = BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_OFF;
663     QDict *options = NULL;
664     const char *export_name = NULL; /* defaults to "" later for server mode */
665     const char *export_description = NULL;
666     const char *bitmap = NULL;
667     const char *tlscredsid = NULL;
668     bool imageOpts = false;
669     bool writethrough = true;
670     char *trace_file = NULL;
671     bool fork_process = false;
672     bool list = false;
673     int old_stderr = -1;
674     unsigned socket_activation;
675 
676     /* The client thread uses SIGTERM to interrupt the server.  A signal
677      * handler ensures that "qemu-nbd -v -c" exits with a nice status code.
678      */
679     struct sigaction sa_sigterm;
680     memset(&sa_sigterm, 0, sizeof(sa_sigterm));
681     sa_sigterm.sa_handler = termsig_handler;
682     sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa_sigterm, NULL);
683 
684 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
685     signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
686 #endif
687 
688     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE);
689     error_set_progname(argv[0]);
690     qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
691 
692     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
693     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
694     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
695     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
696 
697     while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_ind)) != -1) {
698         switch (ch) {
699         case 's':
700             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
701             break;
702         case 'n':
703             optarg = (char *) "none";
704             /* fallthrough */
705         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE:
706             if (seen_cache) {
707                 error_report("-n and --cache can only be specified once");
708                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
709             }
710             seen_cache = true;
711             if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) == -1) {
712                 error_report("Invalid cache mode `%s'", optarg);
713                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
714             }
715             break;
716         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO:
717             if (seen_aio) {
718                 error_report("--aio can only be specified once");
719                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
720             }
721             seen_aio = true;
722             if (!strcmp(optarg, "native")) {
723                 flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
724             } else if (!strcmp(optarg, "threads")) {
725                 /* this is the default */
726             } else {
727                error_report("invalid aio mode `%s'", optarg);
728                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
729             }
730             break;
731         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD:
732             if (seen_discard) {
733                 error_report("--discard can only be specified once");
734                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
735             }
736             seen_discard = true;
737             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) == -1) {
738                 error_report("Invalid discard mode `%s'", optarg);
739                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
740             }
741             break;
742         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES:
743             detect_zeroes =
744                 qapi_enum_parse(&BlockdevDetectZeroesOptions_lookup,
745                                 optarg,
746                                 BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_OFF,
747                                 &local_err);
748             if (local_err) {
749                 error_reportf_err(local_err,
750                                   "Failed to parse detect_zeroes mode: ");
751                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
752             }
753             if (detect_zeroes == BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_UNMAP &&
754                 !(flags & BDRV_O_UNMAP)) {
755                 error_report("setting detect-zeroes to unmap is not allowed "
756                              "without setting discard operation to unmap");
757                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
758             }
759             break;
760         case 'b':
761             bindto = optarg;
762             break;
763         case 'p':
764             port = optarg;
765             break;
766         case 'o':
767             if (qemu_strtou64(optarg, NULL, 0, &dev_offset) < 0) {
768                 error_report("Invalid offset '%s'", optarg);
769                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
770             }
771             break;
772         case 'l':
773             if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
774                 sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
775                                                   optarg, false);
776                 if (!sn_opts) {
777                     error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param `%s'",
778                                  optarg);
779                     exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
780                 }
781             } else {
782                 sn_id_or_name = optarg;
783             }
784             /* fall through */
785         case 'r':
786             nbdflags |= NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY;
787             flags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR;
788             break;
789         case 'P':
790             warn_report("The '-P' option is deprecated; use --image-opts with "
791                         "a raw device wrapper for subset exports instead");
792             if (qemu_strtoi(optarg, NULL, 0, &partition) < 0 ||
793                 partition < 1 || partition > 8) {
794                 error_report("Invalid partition '%s'", optarg);
795                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
796             }
797             break;
798         case 'B':
799             bitmap = optarg;
800             break;
801         case 'k':
802             sockpath = optarg;
803             if (sockpath[0] != '/') {
804                 error_report("socket path must be absolute");
805                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
806             }
807             break;
808         case 'd':
809             disconnect = true;
810             break;
811         case 'c':
812             device = optarg;
813             break;
814         case 'e':
815             if (qemu_strtoi(optarg, NULL, 0, &shared) < 0 ||
816                 shared < 1) {
817                 error_report("Invalid shared device number '%s'", optarg);
818                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
819             }
820             break;
821         case 'f':
822             fmt = optarg;
823             break;
824         case 't':
825             persistent = 1;
826             break;
827         case 'x':
828             export_name = optarg;
829             break;
830         case 'D':
831             export_description = optarg;
832             break;
833         case 'v':
834             verbose = 1;
835             break;
836         case 'V':
837             version(argv[0]);
838             exit(0);
839             break;
840         case 'h':
841             usage(argv[0]);
842             exit(0);
843             break;
844         case '?':
845             error_report("Try `%s --help' for more information.", argv[0]);
846             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
847         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT: {
848             QemuOpts *opts;
849             opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
850                                            optarg, true);
851             if (!opts) {
852                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
853             }
854         }   break;
855         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS:
856             tlscredsid = optarg;
857             break;
858         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_IMAGE_OPTS:
859             imageOpts = true;
860             break;
861         case 'T':
862             g_free(trace_file);
863             trace_file = trace_opt_parse(optarg);
864             break;
865         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_FORK:
866             fork_process = true;
867             break;
868         case 'L':
869             list = true;
870             break;
871         }
872     }
873 
874     if (list) {
875         if (argc != optind) {
876             error_report("List mode is incompatible with a file name");
877             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
878         }
879         if (export_name || export_description || dev_offset || partition ||
880             device || disconnect || fmt || sn_id_or_name || bitmap ||
881             seen_aio || seen_discard || seen_cache) {
882             error_report("List mode is incompatible with per-device settings");
883             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
884         }
885         if (fork_process) {
886             error_report("List mode is incompatible with forking");
887             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
888         }
889     } else if ((argc - optind) != 1) {
890         error_report("Invalid number of arguments");
891         error_printf("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n", argv[0]);
892         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
893     } else if (!export_name) {
894         export_name = "";
895     }
896 
897     qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
898                       user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
899                       NULL, &error_fatal);
900 
901     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
902         exit(1);
903     }
904     trace_init_file(trace_file);
905     qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE);
906 
907     socket_activation = check_socket_activation();
908     if (socket_activation == 0) {
909         setup_address_and_port(&bindto, &port);
910     } else {
911         /* Using socket activation - check user didn't use -p etc. */
912         const char *err_msg = socket_activation_validate_opts(device, sockpath,
913                                                               bindto, port,
914                                                               list);
915         if (err_msg != NULL) {
916             error_report("%s", err_msg);
917             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
918         }
919 
920         /* qemu-nbd can only listen on a single socket.  */
921         if (socket_activation > 1) {
922             error_report("qemu-nbd does not support socket activation with %s > 1",
923                          "LISTEN_FDS");
924             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
925         }
926     }
927 
928     if (tlscredsid) {
929         if (sockpath) {
930             error_report("TLS is only supported with IPv4/IPv6");
931             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
932         }
933         if (device) {
934             error_report("TLS is not supported with a host device");
935             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
936         }
937         tlscreds = nbd_get_tls_creds(tlscredsid, list, &local_err);
938         if (local_err) {
939             error_report("Failed to get TLS creds %s",
940                          error_get_pretty(local_err));
941             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
942         }
943     }
944 
945     if (list) {
946         saddr = nbd_build_socket_address(sockpath, bindto, port);
947         return qemu_nbd_client_list(saddr, tlscreds, bindto);
948     }
949 
950 #if !HAVE_NBD_DEVICE
951     if (disconnect || device) {
952         error_report("Kernel /dev/nbdN support not available");
953         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
954     }
955 #else /* HAVE_NBD_DEVICE */
956     if (disconnect) {
957         int nbdfd = open(argv[optind], O_RDWR);
958         if (nbdfd < 0) {
959             error_report("Cannot open %s: %s", argv[optind],
960                          strerror(errno));
961             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
962         }
963         nbd_disconnect(nbdfd);
964 
965         close(nbdfd);
966 
967         printf("%s disconnected\n", argv[optind]);
968 
969         return 0;
970     }
971 #endif
972 
973     if ((device && !verbose) || fork_process) {
974         int stderr_fd[2];
975         pid_t pid;
976         int ret;
977 
978         if (qemu_pipe(stderr_fd) < 0) {
979             error_report("Error setting up communication pipe: %s",
980                          strerror(errno));
981             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
982         }
983 
984         /* Now daemonize, but keep a communication channel open to
985          * print errors and exit with the proper status code.
986          */
987         pid = fork();
988         if (pid < 0) {
989             error_report("Failed to fork: %s", strerror(errno));
990             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
991         } else if (pid == 0) {
992             close(stderr_fd[0]);
993             ret = qemu_daemon(1, 0);
994 
995             /* Temporarily redirect stderr to the parent's pipe...  */
996             old_stderr = dup(STDERR_FILENO);
997             dup2(stderr_fd[1], STDERR_FILENO);
998             if (ret < 0) {
999                 error_report("Failed to daemonize: %s", strerror(errno));
1000                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1001             }
1002 
1003             /* ... close the descriptor we inherited and go on.  */
1004             close(stderr_fd[1]);
1005         } else {
1006             bool errors = false;
1007             char *buf;
1008 
1009             /* In the parent.  Print error messages from the child until
1010              * it closes the pipe.
1011              */
1012             close(stderr_fd[1]);
1013             buf = g_malloc(1024);
1014             while ((ret = read(stderr_fd[0], buf, 1024)) > 0) {
1015                 errors = true;
1016                 ret = qemu_write_full(STDERR_FILENO, buf, ret);
1017                 if (ret < 0) {
1018                     exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1019                 }
1020             }
1021             if (ret < 0) {
1022                 error_report("Cannot read from daemon: %s",
1023                              strerror(errno));
1024                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1025             }
1026 
1027             /* Usually the daemon should not print any message.
1028              * Exit with zero status in that case.
1029              */
1030             exit(errors);
1031         }
1032     }
1033 
1034     if (device != NULL && sockpath == NULL) {
1035         sockpath = g_malloc(128);
1036         snprintf(sockpath, 128, SOCKET_PATH, basename(device));
1037     }
1038 
1039     server = qio_net_listener_new();
1040     if (socket_activation == 0) {
1041         saddr = nbd_build_socket_address(sockpath, bindto, port);
1042         if (qio_net_listener_open_sync(server, saddr, &local_err) < 0) {
1043             object_unref(OBJECT(server));
1044             error_report_err(local_err);
1045             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1046         }
1047     } else {
1048         size_t i;
1049         /* See comment in check_socket_activation above. */
1050         for (i = 0; i < socket_activation; i++) {
1051             QIOChannelSocket *sioc;
1052             sioc = qio_channel_socket_new_fd(FIRST_SOCKET_ACTIVATION_FD + i,
1053                                              &local_err);
1054             if (sioc == NULL) {
1055                 object_unref(OBJECT(server));
1056                 error_report("Failed to use socket activation: %s",
1057                              error_get_pretty(local_err));
1058                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1059             }
1060             qio_net_listener_add(server, sioc);
1061             object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
1062         }
1063     }
1064 
1065     if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_err)) {
1066         error_report_err(local_err);
1067         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1068     }
1069     bdrv_init();
1070     atexit(qemu_nbd_shutdown);
1071 
1072     srcpath = argv[optind];
1073     if (imageOpts) {
1074         QemuOpts *opts;
1075         if (fmt) {
1076             error_report("--image-opts and -f are mutually exclusive");
1077             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1078         }
1079         opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&file_opts, srcpath, true);
1080         if (!opts) {
1081             qemu_opts_reset(&file_opts);
1082             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1083         }
1084         options = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
1085         qemu_opts_reset(&file_opts);
1086         blk = blk_new_open(NULL, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
1087     } else {
1088         if (fmt) {
1089             options = qdict_new();
1090             qdict_put_str(options, "driver", fmt);
1091         }
1092         blk = blk_new_open(srcpath, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
1093     }
1094 
1095     if (!blk) {
1096         error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to blk_new_open '%s': ",
1097                           argv[optind]);
1098         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1099     }
1100     bs = blk_bs(blk);
1101 
1102     blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
1103 
1104     if (sn_opts) {
1105         ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(bs,
1106                                      qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
1107                                      qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
1108                                      &local_err);
1109     } else if (sn_id_or_name) {
1110         ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(bs, sn_id_or_name,
1111                                                    &local_err);
1112     }
1113     if (ret < 0) {
1114         error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
1115         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1116     }
1117 
1118     bs->detect_zeroes = detect_zeroes;
1119     fd_size = blk_getlength(blk);
1120     if (fd_size < 0) {
1121         error_report("Failed to determine the image length: %s",
1122                      strerror(-fd_size));
1123         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1124     }
1125 
1126     if (dev_offset >= fd_size) {
1127         error_report("Offset (%" PRIu64 ") has to be smaller than the image "
1128                      "size (%" PRId64 ")", dev_offset, fd_size);
1129         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1130     }
1131     fd_size -= dev_offset;
1132 
1133     if (partition) {
1134         uint64_t limit;
1135 
1136         if (dev_offset) {
1137             error_report("Cannot request partition and offset together");
1138             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1139         }
1140         ret = find_partition(blk, partition, &dev_offset, &limit);
1141         if (ret < 0) {
1142             error_report("Could not find partition %d: %s", partition,
1143                          strerror(-ret));
1144             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1145         }
1146         /*
1147          * MBR partition limits are (32-bit << 9); this assert lets
1148          * the compiler know that we can't overflow 64 bits.
1149          */
1150         assert(dev_offset + limit >= dev_offset);
1151         if (dev_offset + limit > fd_size) {
1152             error_report("Discovered partition %d at offset %" PRIu64
1153                          " size %" PRIu64 ", but size exceeds file length %"
1154                          PRId64, partition, dev_offset, limit, fd_size);
1155             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1156         }
1157         fd_size = limit;
1158     }
1159 
1160     export = nbd_export_new(bs, dev_offset, fd_size, export_name,
1161                             export_description, bitmap, nbdflags,
1162                             nbd_export_closed, writethrough, NULL,
1163                             &error_fatal);
1164 
1165     if (device) {
1166 #if HAVE_NBD_DEVICE
1167         int ret;
1168 
1169         ret = pthread_create(&client_thread, NULL, nbd_client_thread, device);
1170         if (ret != 0) {
1171             error_report("Failed to create client thread: %s", strerror(ret));
1172             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1173         }
1174 #endif
1175     } else {
1176         /* Shut up GCC warnings.  */
1177         memset(&client_thread, 0, sizeof(client_thread));
1178     }
1179 
1180     nbd_update_server_watch();
1181 
1182     /* now when the initialization is (almost) complete, chdir("/")
1183      * to free any busy filesystems */
1184     if (chdir("/") < 0) {
1185         error_report("Could not chdir to root directory: %s",
1186                      strerror(errno));
1187         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1188     }
1189 
1190     if (fork_process) {
1191         dup2(old_stderr, STDERR_FILENO);
1192         close(old_stderr);
1193     }
1194 
1195     state = RUNNING;
1196     do {
1197         main_loop_wait(false);
1198         if (state == TERMINATE) {
1199             state = TERMINATING;
1200             nbd_export_close(export);
1201             nbd_export_put(export);
1202             export = NULL;
1203         }
1204     } while (state != TERMINATED);
1205 
1206     blk_unref(blk);
1207     if (sockpath) {
1208         unlink(sockpath);
1209     }
1210 
1211     qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
1212 
1213     if (device) {
1214         void *ret;
1215         pthread_join(client_thread, &ret);
1216         exit(ret != NULL);
1217     } else {
1218         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
1219     }
1220 }
1221