xref: /openbmc/qemu/qemu-io.c (revision d901eff3)
1 /*
2  * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
5  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
6  *
7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
8  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
9  */
10 #include <sys/time.h>
11 #include <sys/types.h>
12 #include <stdarg.h>
13 #include <stdio.h>
14 #include <getopt.h>
15 #include <libgen.h>
16 
17 #include "qemu-common.h"
18 #include "main-loop.h"
19 #include "block_int.h"
20 #include "cmd.h"
21 #include "trace/control.h"
22 
23 #define VERSION	"0.0.1"
24 
25 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK   0x01
26 
27 char *progname;
28 static BlockDriverState *bs;
29 
30 static int misalign;
31 
32 /*
33  * Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands.
34  *
35  * Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate
36  * to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte.
37  */
38 static int parse_pattern(const char *arg)
39 {
40     char *endptr = NULL;
41     long pattern;
42 
43     pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0);
44     if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
45         printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg);
46         return -1;
47     }
48 
49     return pattern;
50 }
51 
52 /*
53  * Memory allocation helpers.
54  *
55  * Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if
56  * that is specified on the command line.
57  */
58 
59 #define MISALIGN_OFFSET     16
60 static void *qemu_io_alloc(size_t len, int pattern)
61 {
62     void *buf;
63 
64     if (misalign) {
65         len += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
66     }
67     buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, len);
68     memset(buf, pattern, len);
69     if (misalign) {
70         buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
71     }
72     return buf;
73 }
74 
75 static void qemu_io_free(void *p)
76 {
77     if (misalign) {
78         p -= MISALIGN_OFFSET;
79     }
80     qemu_vfree(p);
81 }
82 
83 static void dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int len)
84 {
85     int i, j;
86     const uint8_t *p;
87 
88     for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) {
89         const uint8_t *s = p;
90 
91         printf("%08" PRIx64 ":  ", offset + i);
92         for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++) {
93             printf("%02x ", *p);
94         }
95         printf(" ");
96         for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) {
97             if (isalnum(*s)) {
98                 printf("%c", *s);
99             } else {
100                 printf(".");
101             }
102         }
103         printf("\n");
104     }
105 }
106 
107 static void print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset,
108                          int count, int total, int cnt, int Cflag)
109 {
110     char s1[64], s2[64], ts[64];
111 
112     timestr(t, ts, sizeof(ts), Cflag ? VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME : 0);
113     if (!Cflag) {
114         cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1));
115         cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2));
116         printf("%s %d/%d bytes at offset %" PRId64 "\n",
117                op, total, count, offset);
118         printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n",
119                s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
120     } else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */
121         printf("%d,%d,%s,%.3f,%.3f\n",
122             total, cnt, ts,
123             tdiv((double)total, *t),
124             tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
125     }
126 }
127 
128 /*
129  * Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O
130  * vector matching it.
131  */
132 static void *
133 create_iovec(QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov, int pattern)
134 {
135     size_t *sizes = g_new0(size_t, nr_iov);
136     size_t count = 0;
137     void *buf = NULL;
138     void *p;
139     int i;
140 
141     for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
142         char *arg = argv[i];
143         int64_t len;
144 
145         len = cvtnum(arg);
146         if (len < 0) {
147             printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", arg);
148             goto fail;
149         }
150 
151         /* should be SIZE_T_MAX, but that doesn't exist */
152         if (len > INT_MAX) {
153             printf("too large length argument -- %s\n", arg);
154             goto fail;
155         }
156 
157         if (len & 0x1ff) {
158             printf("length argument %" PRId64
159                    " is not sector aligned\n", len);
160             goto fail;
161         }
162 
163         sizes[i] = len;
164         count += len;
165     }
166 
167     qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov);
168 
169     buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
170 
171     for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
172         qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]);
173         p += sizes[i];
174     }
175 
176 fail:
177     g_free(sizes);
178     return buf;
179 }
180 
181 static int do_read(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
182 {
183     int ret;
184 
185     ret = bdrv_read(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
186     if (ret < 0) {
187         return ret;
188     }
189     *total = count;
190     return 1;
191 }
192 
193 static int do_write(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
194 {
195     int ret;
196 
197     ret = bdrv_write(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
198     if (ret < 0) {
199         return ret;
200     }
201     *total = count;
202     return 1;
203 }
204 
205 static int do_pread(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
206 {
207     *total = bdrv_pread(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
208     if (*total < 0) {
209         return *total;
210     }
211     return 1;
212 }
213 
214 static int do_pwrite(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
215 {
216     *total = bdrv_pwrite(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
217     if (*total < 0) {
218         return *total;
219     }
220     return 1;
221 }
222 
223 typedef struct {
224     int64_t offset;
225     int count;
226     int *total;
227     int ret;
228     bool done;
229 } CoWriteZeroes;
230 
231 static void coroutine_fn co_write_zeroes_entry(void *opaque)
232 {
233     CoWriteZeroes *data = opaque;
234 
235     data->ret = bdrv_co_write_zeroes(bs, data->offset / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
236                                      data->count / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
237     data->done = true;
238     if (data->ret < 0) {
239         *data->total = data->ret;
240         return;
241     }
242 
243     *data->total = data->count;
244 }
245 
246 static int do_co_write_zeroes(int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
247 {
248     Coroutine *co;
249     CoWriteZeroes data = {
250         .offset = offset,
251         .count  = count,
252         .total  = total,
253         .done   = false,
254     };
255 
256     co = qemu_coroutine_create(co_write_zeroes_entry);
257     qemu_coroutine_enter(co, &data);
258     while (!data.done) {
259         qemu_aio_wait();
260     }
261     if (data.ret < 0) {
262         return data.ret;
263     } else {
264         return 1;
265     }
266 }
267 
268 static int do_load_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
269 {
270     *total = bdrv_load_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
271     if (*total < 0) {
272         return *total;
273     }
274     return 1;
275 }
276 
277 static int do_save_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
278 {
279     *total = bdrv_save_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
280     if (*total < 0) {
281         return *total;
282     }
283     return 1;
284 }
285 
286 #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff
287 static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret)
288 {
289     *(int *)opaque = ret;
290 }
291 
292 static int do_aio_readv(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
293 {
294     int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
295 
296     bdrv_aio_readv(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
297                    aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
298     while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
299         main_loop_wait(false);
300     }
301 
302     *total = qiov->size;
303     return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
304 }
305 
306 static int do_aio_writev(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
307 {
308     int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
309 
310     bdrv_aio_writev(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
311                     aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
312     while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
313         main_loop_wait(false);
314     }
315 
316     *total = qiov->size;
317     return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
318 }
319 
320 struct multiwrite_async_ret {
321     int num_done;
322     int error;
323 };
324 
325 static void multiwrite_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
326 {
327     struct multiwrite_async_ret *async_ret = opaque;
328 
329     async_ret->num_done++;
330     if (ret < 0) {
331         async_ret->error = ret;
332     }
333 }
334 
335 static int do_aio_multiwrite(BlockRequest* reqs, int num_reqs, int *total)
336 {
337     int i, ret;
338     struct multiwrite_async_ret async_ret = {
339         .num_done = 0,
340         .error = 0,
341     };
342 
343     *total = 0;
344     for (i = 0; i < num_reqs; i++) {
345         reqs[i].cb = multiwrite_cb;
346         reqs[i].opaque = &async_ret;
347         *total += reqs[i].qiov->size;
348     }
349 
350     ret = bdrv_aio_multiwrite(bs, reqs, num_reqs);
351     if (ret < 0) {
352         return ret;
353     }
354 
355     while (async_ret.num_done < num_reqs) {
356         main_loop_wait(false);
357     }
358 
359     return async_ret.error < 0 ? async_ret.error : 1;
360 }
361 
362 static void read_help(void)
363 {
364     printf(
365 "\n"
366 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
367 "\n"
368 " Example:\n"
369 " 'read -v 512 1k' - dumps 1 kilobyte read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
370 "\n"
371 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
372 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
373 " -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
374 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
375 " -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
376 " -p, -- use bdrv_pread to read the file\n"
377 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
378 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
379 " -s, -- start offset for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
380 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
381 "\n");
382 }
383 
384 static int read_f(int argc, char **argv);
385 
386 static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
387     .name       = "read",
388     .altname    = "r",
389     .cfunc      = read_f,
390     .argmin     = 2,
391     .argmax     = -1,
392     .args       = "[-abCpqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
393     .oneline    = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
394     .help       = read_help,
395 };
396 
397 static int read_f(int argc, char **argv)
398 {
399     struct timeval t1, t2;
400     int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
401     int Pflag = 0, sflag = 0, lflag = 0, bflag = 0;
402     int c, cnt;
403     char *buf;
404     int64_t offset;
405     int count;
406     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
407     int total = 0;
408     int pattern = 0, pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0;
409 
410     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != EOF) {
411         switch (c) {
412         case 'b':
413             bflag = 1;
414             break;
415         case 'C':
416             Cflag = 1;
417             break;
418         case 'l':
419             lflag = 1;
420             pattern_count = cvtnum(optarg);
421             if (pattern_count < 0) {
422                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
423                 return 0;
424             }
425             break;
426         case 'p':
427             pflag = 1;
428             break;
429         case 'P':
430             Pflag = 1;
431             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
432             if (pattern < 0) {
433                 return 0;
434             }
435             break;
436         case 'q':
437             qflag = 1;
438             break;
439         case 's':
440             sflag = 1;
441             pattern_offset = cvtnum(optarg);
442             if (pattern_offset < 0) {
443                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
444                 return 0;
445             }
446             break;
447         case 'v':
448             vflag = 1;
449             break;
450         default:
451             return command_usage(&read_cmd);
452         }
453     }
454 
455     if (optind != argc - 2) {
456         return command_usage(&read_cmd);
457     }
458 
459     if (bflag && pflag) {
460         printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
461         return 0;
462     }
463 
464     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
465     if (offset < 0) {
466         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
467         return 0;
468     }
469 
470     optind++;
471     count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
472     if (count < 0) {
473         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
474         return 0;
475     }
476 
477     if (!Pflag && (lflag || sflag)) {
478         return command_usage(&read_cmd);
479     }
480 
481     if (!lflag) {
482         pattern_count = count - pattern_offset;
483     }
484 
485     if ((pattern_count < 0) || (pattern_count + pattern_offset > count))  {
486         printf("pattern verification range exceeds end of read data\n");
487         return 0;
488     }
489 
490     if (!pflag) {
491         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
492             printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
493                    offset);
494             return 0;
495         }
496         if (count & 0x1ff) {
497             printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
498                    count);
499             return 0;
500         }
501     }
502 
503     buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, 0xab);
504 
505     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
506     if (pflag) {
507         cnt = do_pread(buf, offset, count, &total);
508     } else if (bflag) {
509         cnt = do_load_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
510     } else {
511         cnt = do_read(buf, offset, count, &total);
512     }
513     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
514 
515     if (cnt < 0) {
516         printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
517         goto out;
518     }
519 
520     if (Pflag) {
521         void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(pattern_count);
522         memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
523         if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) {
524             printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
525                    PRId64 ", %d bytes\n",
526                    offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
527         }
528         g_free(cmp_buf);
529     }
530 
531     if (qflag) {
532         goto out;
533     }
534 
535     if (vflag) {
536         dump_buffer(buf, offset, count);
537     }
538 
539     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
540     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
541     print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
542 
543 out:
544     qemu_io_free(buf);
545 
546     return 0;
547 }
548 
549 static void readv_help(void)
550 {
551     printf(
552 "\n"
553 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset into multiple buffers\n"
554 "\n"
555 " Example:\n"
556 " 'readv -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
557 "\n"
558 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
559 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
560 " Uses multiple iovec buffers if more than one byte range is specified.\n"
561 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
562 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
563 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
564 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
565 "\n");
566 }
567 
568 static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv);
569 
570 static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
571     .name       = "readv",
572     .cfunc      = readv_f,
573     .argmin     = 2,
574     .argmax     = -1,
575     .args       = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
576     .oneline    = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
577     .help       = readv_help,
578 };
579 
580 static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
581 {
582     struct timeval t1, t2;
583     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
584     int c, cnt;
585     char *buf;
586     int64_t offset;
587     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
588     int total = 0;
589     int nr_iov;
590     QEMUIOVector qiov;
591     int pattern = 0;
592     int Pflag = 0;
593 
594     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
595         switch (c) {
596         case 'C':
597             Cflag = 1;
598             break;
599         case 'P':
600             Pflag = 1;
601             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
602             if (pattern < 0) {
603                 return 0;
604             }
605             break;
606         case 'q':
607             qflag = 1;
608             break;
609         case 'v':
610             vflag = 1;
611             break;
612         default:
613             return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
614         }
615     }
616 
617     if (optind > argc - 2) {
618         return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
619     }
620 
621 
622     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
623     if (offset < 0) {
624         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
625         return 0;
626     }
627     optind++;
628 
629     if (offset & 0x1ff) {
630         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
631                offset);
632         return 0;
633     }
634 
635     nr_iov = argc - optind;
636     buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
637     if (buf == NULL) {
638         return 0;
639     }
640 
641     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
642     cnt = do_aio_readv(&qiov, offset, &total);
643     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
644 
645     if (cnt < 0) {
646         printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
647         goto out;
648     }
649 
650     if (Pflag) {
651         void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(qiov.size);
652         memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size);
653         if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) {
654             printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
655                    PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", offset, qiov.size);
656         }
657         g_free(cmp_buf);
658     }
659 
660     if (qflag) {
661         goto out;
662     }
663 
664     if (vflag) {
665         dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size);
666     }
667 
668     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
669     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
670     print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
671 
672 out:
673     qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
674     qemu_io_free(buf);
675     return 0;
676 }
677 
678 static void write_help(void)
679 {
680     printf(
681 "\n"
682 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
683 "\n"
684 " Example:\n"
685 " 'write 512 1k' - writes 1 kilobyte at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
686 "\n"
687 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
688 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
689 " -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
690 " -p, -- use bdrv_pwrite to write the file\n"
691 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
692 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
693 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
694 " -z, -- write zeroes using bdrv_co_write_zeroes\n"
695 "\n");
696 }
697 
698 static int write_f(int argc, char **argv);
699 
700 static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
701     .name       = "write",
702     .altname    = "w",
703     .cfunc      = write_f,
704     .argmin     = 2,
705     .argmax     = -1,
706     .args       = "[-bCpqz] [-P pattern ] off len",
707     .oneline    = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
708     .help       = write_help,
709 };
710 
711 static int write_f(int argc, char **argv)
712 {
713     struct timeval t1, t2;
714     int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, bflag = 0, Pflag = 0, zflag = 0;
715     int c, cnt;
716     char *buf = NULL;
717     int64_t offset;
718     int count;
719     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
720     int total = 0;
721     int pattern = 0xcd;
722 
723     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCpP:qz")) != EOF) {
724         switch (c) {
725         case 'b':
726             bflag = 1;
727             break;
728         case 'C':
729             Cflag = 1;
730             break;
731         case 'p':
732             pflag = 1;
733             break;
734         case 'P':
735             Pflag = 1;
736             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
737             if (pattern < 0) {
738                 return 0;
739             }
740             break;
741         case 'q':
742             qflag = 1;
743             break;
744         case 'z':
745             zflag = 1;
746             break;
747         default:
748             return command_usage(&write_cmd);
749         }
750     }
751 
752     if (optind != argc - 2) {
753         return command_usage(&write_cmd);
754     }
755 
756     if (bflag + pflag + zflag > 1) {
757         printf("-b, -p, or -z cannot be specified at the same time\n");
758         return 0;
759     }
760 
761     if (zflag && Pflag) {
762         printf("-z and -P cannot be specified at the same time\n");
763         return 0;
764     }
765 
766     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
767     if (offset < 0) {
768         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
769         return 0;
770     }
771 
772     optind++;
773     count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
774     if (count < 0) {
775         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
776         return 0;
777     }
778 
779     if (!pflag) {
780         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
781             printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
782                    offset);
783             return 0;
784         }
785 
786         if (count & 0x1ff) {
787             printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
788                    count);
789             return 0;
790         }
791     }
792 
793     if (!zflag) {
794         buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
795     }
796 
797     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
798     if (pflag) {
799         cnt = do_pwrite(buf, offset, count, &total);
800     } else if (bflag) {
801         cnt = do_save_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
802     } else if (zflag) {
803         cnt = do_co_write_zeroes(offset, count, &total);
804     } else {
805         cnt = do_write(buf, offset, count, &total);
806     }
807     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
808 
809     if (cnt < 0) {
810         printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
811         goto out;
812     }
813 
814     if (qflag) {
815         goto out;
816     }
817 
818     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
819     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
820     print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
821 
822 out:
823     if (!zflag) {
824         qemu_io_free(buf);
825     }
826 
827     return 0;
828 }
829 
830 static void
831 writev_help(void)
832 {
833     printf(
834 "\n"
835 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers\n"
836 "\n"
837 " Example:\n"
838 " 'write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
839 "\n"
840 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
841 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
842 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
843 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
844 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
845 "\n");
846 }
847 
848 static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv);
849 
850 static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
851     .name       = "writev",
852     .cfunc      = writev_f,
853     .argmin     = 2,
854     .argmax     = -1,
855     .args       = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
856     .oneline    = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
857     .help       = writev_help,
858 };
859 
860 static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv)
861 {
862     struct timeval t1, t2;
863     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
864     int c, cnt;
865     char *buf;
866     int64_t offset;
867     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
868     int total = 0;
869     int nr_iov;
870     int pattern = 0xcd;
871     QEMUIOVector qiov;
872 
873     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
874         switch (c) {
875         case 'C':
876             Cflag = 1;
877             break;
878         case 'q':
879             qflag = 1;
880             break;
881         case 'P':
882             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
883             if (pattern < 0) {
884                 return 0;
885             }
886             break;
887         default:
888             return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
889         }
890     }
891 
892     if (optind > argc - 2) {
893         return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
894     }
895 
896     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
897     if (offset < 0) {
898         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
899         return 0;
900     }
901     optind++;
902 
903     if (offset & 0x1ff) {
904         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
905                offset);
906         return 0;
907     }
908 
909     nr_iov = argc - optind;
910     buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
911     if (buf == NULL) {
912         return 0;
913     }
914 
915     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
916     cnt = do_aio_writev(&qiov, offset, &total);
917     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
918 
919     if (cnt < 0) {
920         printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
921         goto out;
922     }
923 
924     if (qflag) {
925         goto out;
926     }
927 
928     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
929     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
930     print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
931 out:
932     qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
933     qemu_io_free(buf);
934     return 0;
935 }
936 
937 static void multiwrite_help(void)
938 {
939     printf(
940 "\n"
941 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers,\n"
942 " in a batch of requests that may be merged by qemu\n"
943 "\n"
944 " Example:\n"
945 " 'multiwrite 512 1k 1k ; 4k 1k'\n"
946 "  writes 2 kB at 512 bytes and 1 kB at 4 kB into the open file\n"
947 "\n"
948 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
949 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd). The pattern byte is increased\n"
950 " by one for each request contained in the multiwrite command.\n"
951 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
952 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
953 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
954 "\n");
955 }
956 
957 static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv);
958 
959 static const cmdinfo_t multiwrite_cmd = {
960     .name       = "multiwrite",
961     .cfunc      = multiwrite_f,
962     .argmin     = 2,
963     .argmax     = -1,
964     .args       = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..] [; off len [len..]..]",
965     .oneline    = "issues multiple write requests at once",
966     .help       = multiwrite_help,
967 };
968 
969 static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv)
970 {
971     struct timeval t1, t2;
972     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
973     int c, cnt;
974     char **buf;
975     int64_t offset, first_offset = 0;
976     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
977     int total = 0;
978     int nr_iov;
979     int nr_reqs;
980     int pattern = 0xcd;
981     QEMUIOVector *qiovs;
982     int i;
983     BlockRequest *reqs;
984 
985     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
986         switch (c) {
987         case 'C':
988             Cflag = 1;
989             break;
990         case 'q':
991             qflag = 1;
992             break;
993         case 'P':
994             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
995             if (pattern < 0) {
996                 return 0;
997             }
998             break;
999         default:
1000             return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1001         }
1002     }
1003 
1004     if (optind > argc - 2) {
1005         return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1006     }
1007 
1008     nr_reqs = 1;
1009     for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
1010         if (!strcmp(argv[i], ";")) {
1011             nr_reqs++;
1012         }
1013     }
1014 
1015     reqs = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*reqs));
1016     buf = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*buf));
1017     qiovs = g_malloc(nr_reqs * sizeof(*qiovs));
1018 
1019     for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs && optind < argc; i++) {
1020         int j;
1021 
1022         /* Read the offset of the request */
1023         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1024         if (offset < 0) {
1025             printf("non-numeric offset argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1026             goto out;
1027         }
1028         optind++;
1029 
1030         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1031             printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
1032                    (long long)offset);
1033             goto out;
1034         }
1035 
1036         if (i == 0) {
1037             first_offset = offset;
1038         }
1039 
1040         /* Read lengths for qiov entries */
1041         for (j = optind; j < argc; j++) {
1042             if (!strcmp(argv[j], ";")) {
1043                 break;
1044             }
1045         }
1046 
1047         nr_iov = j - optind;
1048 
1049         /* Build request */
1050         buf[i] = create_iovec(&qiovs[i], &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1051         if (buf[i] == NULL) {
1052             goto out;
1053         }
1054 
1055         reqs[i].qiov = &qiovs[i];
1056         reqs[i].sector = offset >> 9;
1057         reqs[i].nb_sectors = reqs[i].qiov->size >> 9;
1058 
1059         optind = j + 1;
1060 
1061         pattern++;
1062     }
1063 
1064     /* If there were empty requests at the end, ignore them */
1065     nr_reqs = i;
1066 
1067     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1068     cnt = do_aio_multiwrite(reqs, nr_reqs, &total);
1069     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1070 
1071     if (cnt < 0) {
1072         printf("aio_multiwrite failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
1073         goto out;
1074     }
1075 
1076     if (qflag) {
1077         goto out;
1078     }
1079 
1080     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1081     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
1082     print_report("wrote", &t2, first_offset, total, total, cnt, Cflag);
1083 out:
1084     for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs; i++) {
1085         qemu_io_free(buf[i]);
1086         if (reqs[i].qiov != NULL) {
1087             qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiovs[i]);
1088         }
1089     }
1090     g_free(buf);
1091     g_free(reqs);
1092     g_free(qiovs);
1093     return 0;
1094 }
1095 
1096 struct aio_ctx {
1097     QEMUIOVector qiov;
1098     int64_t offset;
1099     char *buf;
1100     int qflag;
1101     int vflag;
1102     int Cflag;
1103     int Pflag;
1104     int pattern;
1105     struct timeval t1;
1106 };
1107 
1108 static void aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1109 {
1110     struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1111     struct timeval t2;
1112 
1113     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1114 
1115 
1116     if (ret < 0) {
1117         printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1118         goto out;
1119     }
1120 
1121     if (ctx->qflag) {
1122         goto out;
1123     }
1124 
1125     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1126     t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1127     print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1128                  ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1129 out:
1130     qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1131     qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov);
1132     g_free(ctx);
1133 }
1134 
1135 static void aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1136 {
1137     struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1138     struct timeval t2;
1139 
1140     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1141 
1142     if (ret < 0) {
1143         printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1144         goto out;
1145     }
1146 
1147     if (ctx->Pflag) {
1148         void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(ctx->qiov.size);
1149 
1150         memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size);
1151         if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) {
1152             printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
1153                    PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1154         }
1155         g_free(cmp_buf);
1156     }
1157 
1158     if (ctx->qflag) {
1159         goto out;
1160     }
1161 
1162     if (ctx->vflag) {
1163         dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1164     }
1165 
1166     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1167     t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1168     print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1169                  ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1170 out:
1171     qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1172     qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov);
1173     g_free(ctx);
1174 }
1175 
1176 static void aio_read_help(void)
1177 {
1178     printf(
1179 "\n"
1180 " asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1181 "\n"
1182 " Example:\n"
1183 " 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1184 "\n"
1185 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
1186 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
1187 " The read is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1188 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1189 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1190 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
1191 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
1192 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1193 "\n");
1194 }
1195 
1196 static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv);
1197 
1198 static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = {
1199     .name       = "aio_read",
1200     .cfunc      = aio_read_f,
1201     .argmin     = 2,
1202     .argmax     = -1,
1203     .args       = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1204     .oneline    = "asynchronously reads a number of bytes",
1205     .help       = aio_read_help,
1206 };
1207 
1208 static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv)
1209 {
1210     int nr_iov, c;
1211     struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1212 
1213     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
1214         switch (c) {
1215         case 'C':
1216             ctx->Cflag = 1;
1217             break;
1218         case 'P':
1219             ctx->Pflag = 1;
1220             ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1221             if (ctx->pattern < 0) {
1222                 g_free(ctx);
1223                 return 0;
1224             }
1225             break;
1226         case 'q':
1227             ctx->qflag = 1;
1228             break;
1229         case 'v':
1230             ctx->vflag = 1;
1231             break;
1232         default:
1233             g_free(ctx);
1234             return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1235         }
1236     }
1237 
1238     if (optind > argc - 2) {
1239         g_free(ctx);
1240         return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1241     }
1242 
1243     ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1244     if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1245         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1246         g_free(ctx);
1247         return 0;
1248     }
1249     optind++;
1250 
1251     if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1252         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1253                ctx->offset);
1254         g_free(ctx);
1255         return 0;
1256     }
1257 
1258     nr_iov = argc - optind;
1259     ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
1260     if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1261         g_free(ctx);
1262         return 0;
1263     }
1264 
1265     gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1266     bdrv_aio_readv(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1267                    ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_read_done, ctx);
1268     return 0;
1269 }
1270 
1271 static void aio_write_help(void)
1272 {
1273     printf(
1274 "\n"
1275 " asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source\n"
1276 " from multiple buffers\n"
1277 "\n"
1278 " Example:\n"
1279 " 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
1280 "\n"
1281 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1282 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
1283 " The write is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1284 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1285 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1286 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1287 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1288 "\n");
1289 }
1290 
1291 static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv);
1292 
1293 static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = {
1294     .name       = "aio_write",
1295     .cfunc      = aio_write_f,
1296     .argmin     = 2,
1297     .argmax     = -1,
1298     .args       = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1299     .oneline    = "asynchronously writes a number of bytes",
1300     .help       = aio_write_help,
1301 };
1302 
1303 static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv)
1304 {
1305     int nr_iov, c;
1306     int pattern = 0xcd;
1307     struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1308 
1309     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
1310         switch (c) {
1311         case 'C':
1312             ctx->Cflag = 1;
1313             break;
1314         case 'q':
1315             ctx->qflag = 1;
1316             break;
1317         case 'P':
1318             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1319             if (pattern < 0) {
1320                 g_free(ctx);
1321                 return 0;
1322             }
1323             break;
1324         default:
1325             g_free(ctx);
1326             return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1327         }
1328     }
1329 
1330     if (optind > argc - 2) {
1331         g_free(ctx);
1332         return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1333     }
1334 
1335     ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1336     if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1337         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1338         g_free(ctx);
1339         return 0;
1340     }
1341     optind++;
1342 
1343     if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1344         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1345                ctx->offset);
1346         g_free(ctx);
1347         return 0;
1348     }
1349 
1350     nr_iov = argc - optind;
1351     ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1352     if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1353         g_free(ctx);
1354         return 0;
1355     }
1356 
1357     gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1358     bdrv_aio_writev(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1359                     ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_write_done, ctx);
1360     return 0;
1361 }
1362 
1363 static int aio_flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1364 {
1365     qemu_aio_flush();
1366     return 0;
1367 }
1368 
1369 static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = {
1370     .name       = "aio_flush",
1371     .cfunc      = aio_flush_f,
1372     .oneline    = "completes all outstanding aio requests"
1373 };
1374 
1375 static int flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1376 {
1377     bdrv_flush(bs);
1378     return 0;
1379 }
1380 
1381 static const cmdinfo_t flush_cmd = {
1382     .name       = "flush",
1383     .altname    = "f",
1384     .cfunc      = flush_f,
1385     .oneline    = "flush all in-core file state to disk",
1386 };
1387 
1388 static int truncate_f(int argc, char **argv)
1389 {
1390     int64_t offset;
1391     int ret;
1392 
1393     offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1394     if (offset < 0) {
1395         printf("non-numeric truncate argument -- %s\n", argv[1]);
1396         return 0;
1397     }
1398 
1399     ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, offset);
1400     if (ret < 0) {
1401         printf("truncate: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1402         return 0;
1403     }
1404 
1405     return 0;
1406 }
1407 
1408 static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = {
1409     .name       = "truncate",
1410     .altname    = "t",
1411     .cfunc      = truncate_f,
1412     .argmin     = 1,
1413     .argmax     = 1,
1414     .args       = "off",
1415     .oneline    = "truncates the current file at the given offset",
1416 };
1417 
1418 static int length_f(int argc, char **argv)
1419 {
1420     int64_t size;
1421     char s1[64];
1422 
1423     size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
1424     if (size < 0) {
1425         printf("getlength: %s\n", strerror(-size));
1426         return 0;
1427     }
1428 
1429     cvtstr(size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1430     printf("%s\n", s1);
1431     return 0;
1432 }
1433 
1434 
1435 static const cmdinfo_t length_cmd = {
1436     .name   = "length",
1437     .altname    = "l",
1438     .cfunc      = length_f,
1439     .oneline    = "gets the length of the current file",
1440 };
1441 
1442 
1443 static int info_f(int argc, char **argv)
1444 {
1445     BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1446     char s1[64], s2[64];
1447     int ret;
1448 
1449     if (bs->drv && bs->drv->format_name) {
1450         printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->format_name);
1451     }
1452     if (bs->drv && bs->drv->protocol_name) {
1453         printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->protocol_name);
1454     }
1455 
1456     ret = bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi);
1457     if (ret) {
1458         return 0;
1459     }
1460 
1461     cvtstr(bdi.cluster_size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1462     cvtstr(bdi.vm_state_offset, s2, sizeof(s2));
1463 
1464     printf("cluster size: %s\n", s1);
1465     printf("vm state offset: %s\n", s2);
1466 
1467     return 0;
1468 }
1469 
1470 
1471 
1472 static const cmdinfo_t info_cmd = {
1473     .name       = "info",
1474     .altname    = "i",
1475     .cfunc      = info_f,
1476     .oneline    = "prints information about the current file",
1477 };
1478 
1479 static void discard_help(void)
1480 {
1481     printf(
1482 "\n"
1483 " discards a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1484 "\n"
1485 " Example:\n"
1486 " 'discard 512 1k' - discards 1 kilobyte from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1487 "\n"
1488 " Discards a segment of the currently open file.\n"
1489 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1490 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1491 "\n");
1492 }
1493 
1494 static int discard_f(int argc, char **argv);
1495 
1496 static const cmdinfo_t discard_cmd = {
1497     .name       = "discard",
1498     .altname    = "d",
1499     .cfunc      = discard_f,
1500     .argmin     = 2,
1501     .argmax     = -1,
1502     .args       = "[-Cq] off len",
1503     .oneline    = "discards a number of bytes at a specified offset",
1504     .help       = discard_help,
1505 };
1506 
1507 static int discard_f(int argc, char **argv)
1508 {
1509     struct timeval t1, t2;
1510     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
1511     int c, ret;
1512     int64_t offset;
1513     int count;
1514 
1515     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != EOF) {
1516         switch (c) {
1517         case 'C':
1518             Cflag = 1;
1519             break;
1520         case 'q':
1521             qflag = 1;
1522             break;
1523         default:
1524             return command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1525         }
1526     }
1527 
1528     if (optind != argc - 2) {
1529         return command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1530     }
1531 
1532     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1533     if (offset < 0) {
1534         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1535         return 0;
1536     }
1537 
1538     optind++;
1539     count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1540     if (count < 0) {
1541         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1542         return 0;
1543     }
1544 
1545     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1546     ret = bdrv_discard(bs, offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1547                        count >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1548     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1549 
1550     if (ret < 0) {
1551         printf("discard failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1552         goto out;
1553     }
1554 
1555     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1556     if (!qflag) {
1557         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
1558         print_report("discard", &t2, offset, count, count, 1, Cflag);
1559     }
1560 
1561 out:
1562     return 0;
1563 }
1564 
1565 static int alloc_f(int argc, char **argv)
1566 {
1567     int64_t offset, sector_num;
1568     int nb_sectors, remaining;
1569     char s1[64];
1570     int num, sum_alloc;
1571     int ret;
1572 
1573     offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1574     if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1575         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1576                offset);
1577         return 0;
1578     }
1579 
1580     if (argc == 3) {
1581         nb_sectors = cvtnum(argv[2]);
1582     } else {
1583         nb_sectors = 1;
1584     }
1585 
1586     remaining = nb_sectors;
1587     sum_alloc = 0;
1588     sector_num = offset >> 9;
1589     while (remaining) {
1590         ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, remaining, &num);
1591         sector_num += num;
1592         remaining -= num;
1593         if (ret) {
1594             sum_alloc += num;
1595         }
1596         if (num == 0) {
1597             nb_sectors -= remaining;
1598             remaining = 0;
1599         }
1600     }
1601 
1602     cvtstr(offset, s1, sizeof(s1));
1603 
1604     printf("%d/%d sectors allocated at offset %s\n",
1605            sum_alloc, nb_sectors, s1);
1606     return 0;
1607 }
1608 
1609 static const cmdinfo_t alloc_cmd = {
1610     .name       = "alloc",
1611     .altname    = "a",
1612     .argmin     = 1,
1613     .argmax     = 2,
1614     .cfunc      = alloc_f,
1615     .args       = "off [sectors]",
1616     .oneline    = "checks if a sector is present in the file",
1617 };
1618 
1619 static int map_f(int argc, char **argv)
1620 {
1621     int64_t offset;
1622     int64_t nb_sectors;
1623     char s1[64];
1624     int num, num_checked;
1625     int ret;
1626     const char *retstr;
1627 
1628     offset = 0;
1629     nb_sectors = bs->total_sectors;
1630 
1631     do {
1632         num_checked = MIN(nb_sectors, INT_MAX);
1633         ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, num_checked, &num);
1634         retstr = ret ? "    allocated" : "not allocated";
1635         cvtstr(offset << 9ULL, s1, sizeof(s1));
1636         printf("[% 24" PRId64 "] % 8d/% 8d sectors %s at offset %s (%d)\n",
1637                offset << 9ULL, num, num_checked, retstr, s1, ret);
1638 
1639         offset += num;
1640         nb_sectors -= num;
1641     } while (offset < bs->total_sectors);
1642 
1643     return 0;
1644 }
1645 
1646 static const cmdinfo_t map_cmd = {
1647        .name           = "map",
1648        .argmin         = 0,
1649        .argmax         = 0,
1650        .cfunc          = map_f,
1651        .args           = "",
1652        .oneline        = "prints the allocated areas of a file",
1653 };
1654 
1655 
1656 static int close_f(int argc, char **argv)
1657 {
1658     bdrv_delete(bs);
1659     bs = NULL;
1660     return 0;
1661 }
1662 
1663 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
1664     .name       = "close",
1665     .altname    = "c",
1666     .cfunc      = close_f,
1667     .oneline    = "close the current open file",
1668 };
1669 
1670 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable)
1671 {
1672     if (bs) {
1673         fprintf(stderr, "file open already, try 'help close'\n");
1674         return 1;
1675     }
1676 
1677     if (growable) {
1678         if (bdrv_file_open(&bs, name, flags)) {
1679             fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
1680             return 1;
1681         }
1682     } else {
1683         bs = bdrv_new("hda");
1684 
1685         if (bdrv_open(bs, name, flags, NULL) < 0) {
1686             fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
1687             bdrv_delete(bs);
1688             bs = NULL;
1689             return 1;
1690         }
1691     }
1692 
1693     return 0;
1694 }
1695 
1696 static void open_help(void)
1697 {
1698     printf(
1699 "\n"
1700 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
1701 "\n"
1702 " Example:\n"
1703 " 'open -Cn /tmp/data' - creates/opens data file read-write and uncached\n"
1704 "\n"
1705 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
1706 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
1707 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
1708 " -n, -- disable host cache\n"
1709 " -g, -- allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)"
1710 "\n");
1711 }
1712 
1713 static int open_f(int argc, char **argv);
1714 
1715 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
1716     .name       = "open",
1717     .altname    = "o",
1718     .cfunc      = open_f,
1719     .argmin     = 1,
1720     .argmax     = -1,
1721     .flags      = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
1722     .args       = "[-Crsn] [path]",
1723     .oneline    = "open the file specified by path",
1724     .help       = open_help,
1725 };
1726 
1727 static int open_f(int argc, char **argv)
1728 {
1729     int flags = 0;
1730     int readonly = 0;
1731     int growable = 0;
1732     int c;
1733 
1734     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snrg")) != EOF) {
1735         switch (c) {
1736         case 's':
1737             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1738             break;
1739         case 'n':
1740             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
1741             break;
1742         case 'r':
1743             readonly = 1;
1744             break;
1745         case 'g':
1746             growable = 1;
1747             break;
1748         default:
1749             return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1750         }
1751     }
1752 
1753     if (!readonly) {
1754         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1755     }
1756 
1757     if (optind != argc - 1) {
1758         return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1759     }
1760 
1761     return openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1762 }
1763 
1764 static int init_args_command(int index)
1765 {
1766     /* only one device allowed so far */
1767     if (index >= 1) {
1768         return 0;
1769     }
1770     return ++index;
1771 }
1772 
1773 static int init_check_command(const cmdinfo_t *ct)
1774 {
1775     if (ct->flags & CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL) {
1776         return 1;
1777     }
1778     if (!(ct->flags & CMD_NOFILE_OK) && !bs) {
1779         fprintf(stderr, "no file open, try 'help open'\n");
1780         return 0;
1781     }
1782     return 1;
1783 }
1784 
1785 static void usage(const char *name)
1786 {
1787     printf(
1788 "Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-rsnm] [-c cmd] ... [file]\n"
1789 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
1790 "\n"
1791 "  -c, --cmd            command to execute\n"
1792 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
1793 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
1794 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache\n"
1795 "  -g, --growable       allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)\n"
1796 "  -m, --misalign       misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
1797 "  -k, --native-aio     use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
1798 "  -t, --cache=MODE     use the given cache mode for the image\n"
1799 "  -T, --trace FILE     enable trace events listed in the given file\n"
1800 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
1801 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
1802 "\n",
1803     name);
1804 }
1805 
1806 
1807 int main(int argc, char **argv)
1808 {
1809     int readonly = 0;
1810     int growable = 0;
1811     const char *sopt = "hVc:rsnmgkt:T:";
1812     const struct option lopt[] = {
1813         { "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
1814         { "version", 0, NULL, 'V' },
1815         { "offset", 1, NULL, 'o' },
1816         { "cmd", 1, NULL, 'c' },
1817         { "read-only", 0, NULL, 'r' },
1818         { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 's' },
1819         { "nocache", 0, NULL, 'n' },
1820         { "misalign", 0, NULL, 'm' },
1821         { "growable", 0, NULL, 'g' },
1822         { "native-aio", 0, NULL, 'k' },
1823         { "cache", 1, NULL, 't' },
1824         { "trace", 1, NULL, 'T' },
1825         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
1826     };
1827     int c;
1828     int opt_index = 0;
1829     int flags = 0;
1830 
1831     progname = basename(argv[0]);
1832 
1833     while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
1834         switch (c) {
1835         case 's':
1836             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1837             break;
1838         case 'n':
1839             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
1840             break;
1841         case 'c':
1842             add_user_command(optarg);
1843             break;
1844         case 'r':
1845             readonly = 1;
1846             break;
1847         case 'm':
1848             misalign = 1;
1849             break;
1850         case 'g':
1851             growable = 1;
1852             break;
1853         case 'k':
1854             flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
1855             break;
1856         case 't':
1857             if (bdrv_parse_cache_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
1858                 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
1859                 exit(1);
1860             }
1861             break;
1862         case 'T':
1863             if (!trace_backend_init(optarg, NULL)) {
1864                 exit(1); /* error message will have been printed */
1865             }
1866             break;
1867         case 'V':
1868             printf("%s version %s\n", progname, VERSION);
1869             exit(0);
1870         case 'h':
1871             usage(progname);
1872             exit(0);
1873         default:
1874             usage(progname);
1875             exit(1);
1876         }
1877     }
1878 
1879     if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
1880         usage(progname);
1881         exit(1);
1882     }
1883 
1884     bdrv_init();
1885 
1886     qemu_init_main_loop();
1887 
1888     /* initialize commands */
1889     quit_init();
1890     help_init();
1891     add_command(&open_cmd);
1892     add_command(&close_cmd);
1893     add_command(&read_cmd);
1894     add_command(&readv_cmd);
1895     add_command(&write_cmd);
1896     add_command(&writev_cmd);
1897     add_command(&multiwrite_cmd);
1898     add_command(&aio_read_cmd);
1899     add_command(&aio_write_cmd);
1900     add_command(&aio_flush_cmd);
1901     add_command(&flush_cmd);
1902     add_command(&truncate_cmd);
1903     add_command(&length_cmd);
1904     add_command(&info_cmd);
1905     add_command(&discard_cmd);
1906     add_command(&alloc_cmd);
1907     add_command(&map_cmd);
1908 
1909     add_args_command(init_args_command);
1910     add_check_command(init_check_command);
1911 
1912     /* open the device */
1913     if (!readonly) {
1914         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1915     }
1916 
1917     if ((argc - optind) == 1) {
1918         openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1919     }
1920     command_loop();
1921 
1922     /*
1923      * Make sure all outstanding requests complete before the program exits.
1924      */
1925     bdrv_drain_all();
1926 
1927     if (bs) {
1928         bdrv_delete(bs);
1929     }
1930     return 0;
1931 }
1932