xref: /openbmc/qemu/python/scripts/mkvenv.py (revision 6edfca9e)
1"""
2mkvenv - QEMU pyvenv bootstrapping utility
3
4usage: mkvenv [-h] command ...
5
6QEMU pyvenv bootstrapping utility
7
8options:
9  -h, --help  show this help message and exit
10
11Commands:
12  command     Description
13    create    create a venv
14    post_init
15              post-venv initialization
16    ensure    Ensure that the specified package is installed.
17
18--------------------------------------------------
19
20usage: mkvenv create [-h] target
21
22positional arguments:
23  target      Target directory to install virtual environment into.
24
25options:
26  -h, --help  show this help message and exit
27
28--------------------------------------------------
29
30usage: mkvenv post_init [-h]
31
32options:
33  -h, --help         show this help message and exit
34
35--------------------------------------------------
36
37usage: mkvenv ensure [-h] [--online] [--dir DIR] dep_spec...
38
39positional arguments:
40  dep_spec    PEP 508 Dependency specification, e.g. 'meson>=0.61.5'
41
42options:
43  -h, --help  show this help message and exit
44  --online    Install packages from PyPI, if necessary.
45  --dir DIR   Path to vendored packages where we may install from.
46
47"""
48
49# Copyright (C) 2022-2023 Red Hat, Inc.
50#
51# Authors:
52#  John Snow <jsnow@redhat.com>
53#  Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
54#
55# This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or
56# later. See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
57
58import argparse
59from importlib.util import find_spec
60import logging
61import os
62from pathlib import Path
63import re
64import shutil
65import site
66import subprocess
67import sys
68import sysconfig
69from types import SimpleNamespace
70from typing import (
71    Any,
72    Iterator,
73    Optional,
74    Sequence,
75    Tuple,
76    Union,
77)
78import venv
79
80
81# Try to load distlib, with a fallback to pip's vendored version.
82# HAVE_DISTLIB is checked below, just-in-time, so that mkvenv does not fail
83# outside the venv or before a potential call to ensurepip in checkpip().
84HAVE_DISTLIB = True
85try:
86    import distlib.scripts
87    import distlib.version
88except ImportError:
89    try:
90        # Reach into pip's cookie jar.  pylint and flake8 don't understand
91        # that these imports will be used via distlib.xxx.
92        from pip._vendor import distlib
93        import pip._vendor.distlib.scripts  # noqa, pylint: disable=unused-import
94        import pip._vendor.distlib.version  # noqa, pylint: disable=unused-import
95    except ImportError:
96        HAVE_DISTLIB = False
97
98# Do not add any mandatory dependencies from outside the stdlib:
99# This script *must* be usable standalone!
100
101DirType = Union[str, bytes, "os.PathLike[str]", "os.PathLike[bytes]"]
102logger = logging.getLogger("mkvenv")
103
104
105def inside_a_venv() -> bool:
106    """Returns True if it is executed inside of a virtual environment."""
107    return sys.prefix != sys.base_prefix
108
109
110class Ouch(RuntimeError):
111    """An Exception class we can't confuse with a builtin."""
112
113
114class QemuEnvBuilder(venv.EnvBuilder):
115    """
116    An extension of venv.EnvBuilder for building QEMU's configure-time venv.
117
118    The primary difference is that it emulates a "nested" virtual
119    environment when invoked from inside of an existing virtual
120    environment by including packages from the parent.  Also,
121    "ensurepip" is replaced if possible with just recreating pip's
122    console_scripts inside the virtual environment.
123
124    Parameters for base class init:
125      - system_site_packages: bool = False
126      - clear: bool = False
127      - symlinks: bool = False
128      - upgrade: bool = False
129      - with_pip: bool = False
130      - prompt: Optional[str] = None
131      - upgrade_deps: bool = False             (Since 3.9)
132    """
133
134    def __init__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
135        logger.debug("QemuEnvBuilder.__init__(...)")
136
137        # For nested venv emulation:
138        self.use_parent_packages = False
139        if inside_a_venv():
140            # Include parent packages only if we're in a venv and
141            # system_site_packages was True.
142            self.use_parent_packages = kwargs.pop(
143                "system_site_packages", False
144            )
145            # Include system_site_packages only when the parent,
146            # The venv we are currently in, also does so.
147            kwargs["system_site_packages"] = sys.base_prefix in site.PREFIXES
148
149        # ensurepip is slow: venv creation can be very fast for cases where
150        # we allow the use of system_site_packages. Therefore, ensurepip is
151        # replaced with our own script generation once the virtual environment
152        # is setup.
153        self.want_pip = kwargs.get("with_pip", False)
154        if self.want_pip:
155            if (
156                kwargs.get("system_site_packages", False)
157                and not need_ensurepip()
158            ):
159                kwargs["with_pip"] = False
160            else:
161                check_ensurepip(suggest_remedy=True)
162
163        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
164
165        # Make the context available post-creation:
166        self._context: Optional[SimpleNamespace] = None
167
168    def get_parent_libpath(self) -> Optional[str]:
169        """Return the libpath of the parent venv, if applicable."""
170        if self.use_parent_packages:
171            return sysconfig.get_path("purelib")
172        return None
173
174    @staticmethod
175    def compute_venv_libpath(context: SimpleNamespace) -> str:
176        """
177        Compatibility wrapper for context.lib_path for Python < 3.12
178        """
179        # Python 3.12+, not strictly necessary because it's documented
180        # to be the same as 3.10 code below:
181        if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
182            return context.lib_path
183
184        # Python 3.10+
185        if "venv" in sysconfig.get_scheme_names():
186            lib_path = sysconfig.get_path(
187                "purelib", scheme="venv", vars={"base": context.env_dir}
188            )
189            assert lib_path is not None
190            return lib_path
191
192        # For Python <= 3.9 we need to hardcode this. Fortunately the
193        # code below was the same in Python 3.6-3.10, so there is only
194        # one case.
195        if sys.platform == "win32":
196            return os.path.join(context.env_dir, "Lib", "site-packages")
197        return os.path.join(
198            context.env_dir,
199            "lib",
200            "python%d.%d" % sys.version_info[:2],
201            "site-packages",
202        )
203
204    def ensure_directories(self, env_dir: DirType) -> SimpleNamespace:
205        logger.debug("ensure_directories(env_dir=%s)", env_dir)
206        self._context = super().ensure_directories(env_dir)
207        return self._context
208
209    def create(self, env_dir: DirType) -> None:
210        logger.debug("create(env_dir=%s)", env_dir)
211        super().create(env_dir)
212        assert self._context is not None
213        self.post_post_setup(self._context)
214
215    def post_post_setup(self, context: SimpleNamespace) -> None:
216        """
217        The final, final hook. Enter the venv and run commands inside of it.
218        """
219        if self.use_parent_packages:
220            # We're inside of a venv and we want to include the parent
221            # venv's packages.
222            parent_libpath = self.get_parent_libpath()
223            assert parent_libpath is not None
224            logger.debug("parent_libpath: %s", parent_libpath)
225
226            our_libpath = self.compute_venv_libpath(context)
227            logger.debug("our_libpath: %s", our_libpath)
228
229            pth_file = os.path.join(our_libpath, "nested.pth")
230            with open(pth_file, "w", encoding="UTF-8") as file:
231                file.write(parent_libpath + os.linesep)
232
233        if self.want_pip:
234            args = [
235                context.env_exe,
236                __file__,
237                "post_init",
238            ]
239            subprocess.run(args, check=True)
240
241    def get_value(self, field: str) -> str:
242        """
243        Get a string value from the context namespace after a call to build.
244
245        For valid field names, see:
246        https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html#venv.EnvBuilder.ensure_directories
247        """
248        ret = getattr(self._context, field)
249        assert isinstance(ret, str)
250        return ret
251
252
253def need_ensurepip() -> bool:
254    """
255    Tests for the presence of setuptools and pip.
256
257    :return: `True` if we do not detect both packages.
258    """
259    # Don't try to actually import them, it's fraught with danger:
260    # https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/2993
261    if find_spec("setuptools") and find_spec("pip"):
262        return False
263    return True
264
265
266def check_ensurepip(prefix: str = "", suggest_remedy: bool = False) -> None:
267    """
268    Check that we have ensurepip.
269
270    Raise a fatal exception with a helpful hint if it isn't available.
271    """
272    if not find_spec("ensurepip"):
273        msg = (
274            "Python's ensurepip module is not found.\n"
275            "It's normally part of the Python standard library, "
276            "maybe your distribution packages it separately?\n"
277            "(Debian puts ensurepip in its python3-venv package.)\n"
278        )
279        if suggest_remedy:
280            msg += (
281                "Either install ensurepip, or alleviate the need for it in the"
282                " first place by installing pip and setuptools for "
283                f"'{sys.executable}'.\n"
284            )
285        raise Ouch(prefix + msg)
286
287    # ensurepip uses pyexpat, which can also go missing on us:
288    if not find_spec("pyexpat"):
289        msg = (
290            "Python's pyexpat module is not found.\n"
291            "It's normally part of the Python standard library, "
292            "maybe your distribution packages it separately?\n"
293            "(NetBSD's pkgsrc debundles this to e.g. 'py310-expat'.)\n"
294        )
295        if suggest_remedy:
296            msg += (
297                "Either install pyexpat, or alleviate the need for it in the "
298                "first place by installing pip and setuptools for "
299                f"'{sys.executable}'.\n"
300            )
301        raise Ouch(prefix + msg)
302
303
304def make_venv(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
305    env_dir: Union[str, Path],
306    system_site_packages: bool = False,
307    clear: bool = True,
308    symlinks: Optional[bool] = None,
309    with_pip: bool = True,
310) -> None:
311    """
312    Create a venv using `QemuEnvBuilder`.
313
314    This is analogous to the `venv.create` module-level convenience
315    function that is part of the Python stdblib, except it uses
316    `QemuEnvBuilder` instead.
317
318    :param env_dir: The directory to create/install to.
319    :param system_site_packages:
320        Allow inheriting packages from the system installation.
321    :param clear: When True, fully remove any prior venv and files.
322    :param symlinks:
323        Whether to use symlinks to the target interpreter or not. If
324        left unspecified, it will use symlinks except on Windows to
325        match behavior with the "venv" CLI tool.
326    :param with_pip:
327        Whether to install "pip" binaries or not.
328    """
329    logger.debug(
330        "%s: make_venv(env_dir=%s, system_site_packages=%s, "
331        "clear=%s, symlinks=%s, with_pip=%s)",
332        __file__,
333        str(env_dir),
334        system_site_packages,
335        clear,
336        symlinks,
337        with_pip,
338    )
339
340    if symlinks is None:
341        # Default behavior of standard venv CLI
342        symlinks = os.name != "nt"
343
344    builder = QemuEnvBuilder(
345        system_site_packages=system_site_packages,
346        clear=clear,
347        symlinks=symlinks,
348        with_pip=with_pip,
349    )
350
351    style = "non-isolated" if builder.system_site_packages else "isolated"
352    nested = ""
353    if builder.use_parent_packages:
354        nested = f"(with packages from '{builder.get_parent_libpath()}') "
355    print(
356        f"mkvenv: Creating {style} virtual environment"
357        f" {nested}at '{str(env_dir)}'",
358        file=sys.stderr,
359    )
360
361    try:
362        logger.debug("Invoking builder.create()")
363        try:
364            builder.create(str(env_dir))
365        except SystemExit as exc:
366            # Some versions of the venv module raise SystemExit; *nasty*!
367            # We want the exception that prompted it. It might be a subprocess
368            # error that has output we *really* want to see.
369            logger.debug("Intercepted SystemExit from EnvBuilder.create()")
370            raise exc.__cause__ or exc.__context__ or exc
371        logger.debug("builder.create() finished")
372    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as exc:
373        logger.error("mkvenv subprocess failed:")
374        logger.error("cmd: %s", exc.cmd)
375        logger.error("returncode: %d", exc.returncode)
376
377        def _stringify(data: Union[str, bytes]) -> str:
378            if isinstance(data, bytes):
379                return data.decode()
380            return data
381
382        lines = []
383        if exc.stdout:
384            lines.append("========== stdout ==========")
385            lines.append(_stringify(exc.stdout))
386            lines.append("============================")
387        if exc.stderr:
388            lines.append("========== stderr ==========")
389            lines.append(_stringify(exc.stderr))
390            lines.append("============================")
391        if lines:
392            logger.error(os.linesep.join(lines))
393
394        raise Ouch("VENV creation subprocess failed.") from exc
395
396    # print the python executable to stdout for configure.
397    print(builder.get_value("env_exe"))
398
399
400def _gen_importlib(packages: Sequence[str]) -> Iterator[str]:
401    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
402    # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module
403    # pylint: disable=import-error
404    try:
405        # First preference: Python 3.8+ stdlib
406        from importlib.metadata import (  # type: ignore
407            PackageNotFoundError,
408            distribution,
409        )
410    except ImportError as exc:
411        logger.debug("%s", str(exc))
412        # Second preference: Commonly available PyPI backport
413        from importlib_metadata import (  # type: ignore
414            PackageNotFoundError,
415            distribution,
416        )
417
418    def _generator() -> Iterator[str]:
419        for package in packages:
420            try:
421                entry_points = distribution(package).entry_points
422            except PackageNotFoundError:
423                continue
424
425            # The EntryPoints type is only available in 3.10+,
426            # treat this as a vanilla list and filter it ourselves.
427            entry_points = filter(
428                lambda ep: ep.group == "console_scripts", entry_points
429            )
430
431            for entry_point in entry_points:
432                yield f"{entry_point.name} = {entry_point.value}"
433
434    return _generator()
435
436
437def _gen_pkg_resources(packages: Sequence[str]) -> Iterator[str]:
438    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
439    # Bundled with setuptools; has a good chance of being available.
440    import pkg_resources
441
442    def _generator() -> Iterator[str]:
443        for package in packages:
444            try:
445                eps = pkg_resources.get_entry_map(package, "console_scripts")
446            except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
447                continue
448
449            for entry_point in eps.values():
450                yield str(entry_point)
451
452    return _generator()
453
454
455def generate_console_scripts(
456    packages: Sequence[str],
457    python_path: Optional[str] = None,
458    bin_path: Optional[str] = None,
459) -> None:
460    """
461    Generate script shims for console_script entry points in @packages.
462    """
463    if python_path is None:
464        python_path = sys.executable
465    if bin_path is None:
466        bin_path = sysconfig.get_path("scripts")
467        assert bin_path is not None
468
469    logger.debug(
470        "generate_console_scripts(packages=%s, python_path=%s, bin_path=%s)",
471        packages,
472        python_path,
473        bin_path,
474    )
475
476    if not packages:
477        return
478
479    def _get_entry_points() -> Iterator[str]:
480        """Python 3.7 compatibility shim for iterating entry points."""
481        # Python 3.8+, or Python 3.7 with importlib_metadata installed.
482        try:
483            return _gen_importlib(packages)
484        except ImportError as exc:
485            logger.debug("%s", str(exc))
486
487        # Python 3.7 with setuptools installed.
488        try:
489            return _gen_pkg_resources(packages)
490        except ImportError as exc:
491            logger.debug("%s", str(exc))
492            raise Ouch(
493                "Neither importlib.metadata nor pkg_resources found, "
494                "can't generate console script shims.\n"
495                "Use Python 3.8+, or install importlib-metadata or setuptools."
496            ) from exc
497
498    maker = distlib.scripts.ScriptMaker(None, bin_path)
499    maker.variants = {""}
500    maker.clobber = False
501
502    for entry_point in _get_entry_points():
503        for filename in maker.make(entry_point):
504            logger.debug("wrote console_script '%s'", filename)
505
506
507def checkpip() -> bool:
508    """
509    Debian10 has a pip that's broken when used inside of a virtual environment.
510
511    We try to detect and correct that case here.
512    """
513    try:
514        # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel,unused-import,import-error
515        # pylint: disable=redefined-outer-name
516        import pip._internal  # type: ignore  # noqa: F401
517
518        logger.debug("pip appears to be working correctly.")
519        return False
520    except ModuleNotFoundError as exc:
521        if exc.name == "pip._internal":
522            # Uh, fair enough. They did say "internal".
523            # Let's just assume it's fine.
524            return False
525        logger.warning("pip appears to be malfunctioning: %s", str(exc))
526
527    check_ensurepip("pip appears to be non-functional, and ")
528
529    logger.debug("Attempting to repair pip ...")
530    subprocess.run(
531        (sys.executable, "-m", "ensurepip"),
532        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
533        check=True,
534    )
535    logger.debug("Pip is now (hopefully) repaired!")
536    return True
537
538
539def pkgname_from_depspec(dep_spec: str) -> str:
540    """
541    Parse package name out of a PEP-508 depspec.
542
543    See https://peps.python.org/pep-0508/#names
544    """
545    match = re.match(
546        r"^([A-Z0-9]([A-Z0-9._-]*[A-Z0-9])?)", dep_spec, re.IGNORECASE
547    )
548    if not match:
549        raise ValueError(
550            f"dep_spec '{dep_spec}'"
551            " does not appear to contain a valid package name"
552        )
553    return match.group(0)
554
555
556def _get_path_importlib(package: str) -> Optional[str]:
557    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
558    # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module
559    # pylint: disable=import-error
560    try:
561        # First preference: Python 3.8+ stdlib
562        from importlib.metadata import (  # type: ignore
563            PackageNotFoundError,
564            distribution,
565        )
566    except ImportError as exc:
567        logger.debug("%s", str(exc))
568        # Second preference: Commonly available PyPI backport
569        from importlib_metadata import (  # type: ignore
570            PackageNotFoundError,
571            distribution,
572        )
573
574    try:
575        return str(distribution(package).locate_file("."))
576    except PackageNotFoundError:
577        return None
578
579
580def _get_path_pkg_resources(package: str) -> Optional[str]:
581    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
582    # Bundled with setuptools; has a good chance of being available.
583    import pkg_resources
584
585    try:
586        return str(pkg_resources.get_distribution(package).location)
587    except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
588        return None
589
590
591def _get_path(package: str) -> Optional[str]:
592    try:
593        return _get_path_importlib(package)
594    except ImportError as exc:
595        logger.debug("%s", str(exc))
596
597    try:
598        return _get_path_pkg_resources(package)
599    except ImportError as exc:
600        logger.debug("%s", str(exc))
601        raise Ouch(
602            "Neither importlib.metadata nor pkg_resources found. "
603            "Use Python 3.8+, or install importlib-metadata or setuptools."
604        ) from exc
605
606
607def _path_is_prefix(prefix: Optional[str], path: str) -> bool:
608    try:
609        return (
610            prefix is not None and os.path.commonpath([prefix, path]) == prefix
611        )
612    except ValueError:
613        return False
614
615
616def _is_system_package(package: str) -> bool:
617    path = _get_path(package)
618    return path is not None and not (
619        _path_is_prefix(sysconfig.get_path("purelib"), path)
620        or _path_is_prefix(sysconfig.get_path("platlib"), path)
621    )
622
623
624def _get_version_importlib(package: str) -> Optional[str]:
625    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
626    # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module
627    # pylint: disable=import-error
628    try:
629        # First preference: Python 3.8+ stdlib
630        from importlib.metadata import (  # type: ignore
631            PackageNotFoundError,
632            distribution,
633        )
634    except ImportError as exc:
635        logger.debug("%s", str(exc))
636        # Second preference: Commonly available PyPI backport
637        from importlib_metadata import (  # type: ignore
638            PackageNotFoundError,
639            distribution,
640        )
641
642    try:
643        return str(distribution(package).version)
644    except PackageNotFoundError:
645        return None
646
647
648def _get_version_pkg_resources(package: str) -> Optional[str]:
649    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
650    # Bundled with setuptools; has a good chance of being available.
651    import pkg_resources
652
653    try:
654        return str(pkg_resources.get_distribution(package).version)
655    except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
656        return None
657
658
659def _get_version(package: str) -> Optional[str]:
660    try:
661        return _get_version_importlib(package)
662    except ImportError as exc:
663        logger.debug("%s", str(exc))
664
665    try:
666        return _get_version_pkg_resources(package)
667    except ImportError as exc:
668        logger.debug("%s", str(exc))
669        raise Ouch(
670            "Neither importlib.metadata nor pkg_resources found. "
671            "Use Python 3.8+, or install importlib-metadata or setuptools."
672        ) from exc
673
674
675def diagnose(
676    dep_spec: str,
677    online: bool,
678    wheels_dir: Optional[Union[str, Path]],
679    prog: Optional[str],
680) -> Tuple[str, bool]:
681    """
682    Offer a summary to the user as to why a package failed to be installed.
683
684    :param dep_spec: The package we tried to ensure, e.g. 'meson>=0.61.5'
685    :param online: Did we allow PyPI access?
686    :param prog:
687        Optionally, a shell program name that can be used as a
688        bellwether to detect if this program is installed elsewhere on
689        the system. This is used to offer advice when a program is
690        detected for a different python version.
691    :param wheels_dir:
692        Optionally, a directory that was searched for vendored packages.
693    """
694    # pylint: disable=too-many-branches
695
696    # Some errors are not particularly serious
697    bad = False
698
699    pkg_name = pkgname_from_depspec(dep_spec)
700    pkg_version = _get_version(pkg_name)
701
702    lines = []
703
704    if pkg_version:
705        lines.append(
706            f"Python package '{pkg_name}' version '{pkg_version}' was found,"
707            " but isn't suitable."
708        )
709    else:
710        lines.append(
711            f"Python package '{pkg_name}' was not found nor installed."
712        )
713
714    if wheels_dir:
715        lines.append(
716            "No suitable version found in, or failed to install from"
717            f" '{wheels_dir}'."
718        )
719        bad = True
720
721    if online:
722        lines.append("A suitable version could not be obtained from PyPI.")
723        bad = True
724    else:
725        lines.append(
726            "mkvenv was configured to operate offline and did not check PyPI."
727        )
728
729    if prog and not pkg_version:
730        which = shutil.which(prog)
731        if which:
732            if sys.base_prefix in site.PREFIXES:
733                pypath = Path(sys.executable).resolve()
734                lines.append(
735                    f"'{prog}' was detected on your system at '{which}', "
736                    f"but the Python package '{pkg_name}' was not found by "
737                    f"this Python interpreter ('{pypath}'). "
738                    f"Typically this means that '{prog}' has been installed "
739                    "against a different Python interpreter on your system."
740                )
741            else:
742                lines.append(
743                    f"'{prog}' was detected on your system at '{which}', "
744                    "but the build is using an isolated virtual environment."
745                )
746            bad = True
747
748    lines = [f" • {line}" for line in lines]
749    if bad:
750        lines.insert(0, f"Could not provide build dependency '{dep_spec}':")
751    else:
752        lines.insert(0, f"'{dep_spec}' not found:")
753    return os.linesep.join(lines), bad
754
755
756def pip_install(
757    args: Sequence[str],
758    online: bool = False,
759    wheels_dir: Optional[Union[str, Path]] = None,
760) -> None:
761    """
762    Use pip to install a package or package(s) as specified in @args.
763    """
764    loud = bool(
765        os.environ.get("DEBUG")
766        or os.environ.get("GITLAB_CI")
767        or os.environ.get("V")
768    )
769
770    full_args = [
771        sys.executable,
772        "-m",
773        "pip",
774        "install",
775        "--disable-pip-version-check",
776        "-v" if loud else "-q",
777    ]
778    if not online:
779        full_args += ["--no-index"]
780    if wheels_dir:
781        full_args += ["--find-links", f"file://{str(wheels_dir)}"]
782    full_args += list(args)
783    subprocess.run(
784        full_args,
785        check=True,
786    )
787
788
789def _do_ensure(
790    dep_specs: Sequence[str],
791    online: bool = False,
792    wheels_dir: Optional[Union[str, Path]] = None,
793    prog: Optional[str] = None,
794) -> Optional[Tuple[str, bool]]:
795    """
796    Use pip to ensure we have the package specified by @dep_specs.
797
798    If the package is already installed, do nothing. If online and
799    wheels_dir are both provided, prefer packages found in wheels_dir
800    first before connecting to PyPI.
801
802    :param dep_specs:
803        PEP 508 dependency specifications. e.g. ['meson>=0.61.5'].
804    :param online: If True, fall back to PyPI.
805    :param wheels_dir: If specified, search this path for packages.
806    """
807    absent = []
808    present = []
809    for spec in dep_specs:
810        matcher = distlib.version.LegacyMatcher(spec)
811        ver = _get_version(matcher.name)
812        if (
813            ver is None
814            # Always pass installed package to pip, so that they can be
815            # updated if the requested version changes
816            or not _is_system_package(matcher.name)
817            or not matcher.match(distlib.version.LegacyVersion(ver))
818        ):
819            absent.append(spec)
820        else:
821            logger.info("found %s %s", matcher.name, ver)
822            present.append(matcher.name)
823
824    if present:
825        generate_console_scripts(present)
826
827    if absent:
828        if online or wheels_dir:
829            # Some packages are missing or aren't a suitable version,
830            # install a suitable (possibly vendored) package.
831            print(f"mkvenv: installing {', '.join(absent)}", file=sys.stderr)
832            try:
833                pip_install(args=absent, online=online, wheels_dir=wheels_dir)
834                return None
835            except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
836                pass
837
838        return diagnose(
839            absent[0],
840            online,
841            wheels_dir,
842            prog if absent[0] == dep_specs[0] else None,
843        )
844
845    return None
846
847
848def ensure(
849    dep_specs: Sequence[str],
850    online: bool = False,
851    wheels_dir: Optional[Union[str, Path]] = None,
852    prog: Optional[str] = None,
853) -> None:
854    """
855    Use pip to ensure we have the package specified by @dep_specs.
856
857    If the package is already installed, do nothing. If online and
858    wheels_dir are both provided, prefer packages found in wheels_dir
859    first before connecting to PyPI.
860
861    :param dep_specs:
862        PEP 508 dependency specifications. e.g. ['meson>=0.61.5'].
863    :param online: If True, fall back to PyPI.
864    :param wheels_dir: If specified, search this path for packages.
865    :param prog:
866        If specified, use this program name for error diagnostics that will
867        be presented to the user. e.g., 'sphinx-build' can be used as a
868        bellwether for the presence of 'sphinx'.
869    """
870    print(f"mkvenv: checking for {', '.join(dep_specs)}", file=sys.stderr)
871
872    if not HAVE_DISTLIB:
873        raise Ouch("a usable distlib could not be found, please install it")
874
875    result = _do_ensure(dep_specs, online, wheels_dir, prog)
876    if result:
877        # Well, that's not good.
878        if result[1]:
879            raise Ouch(result[0])
880        raise SystemExit(f"\n{result[0]}\n\n")
881
882
883def post_venv_setup() -> None:
884    """
885    This is intended to be run *inside the venv* after it is created.
886    """
887    logger.debug("post_venv_setup()")
888    # Test for a broken pip (Debian 10 or derivative?) and fix it if needed
889    if not checkpip():
890        # Finally, generate a 'pip' script so the venv is usable in a normal
891        # way from the CLI. This only happens when we inherited pip from a
892        # parent/system-site and haven't run ensurepip in some way.
893        generate_console_scripts(["pip"])
894
895
896def _add_create_subcommand(subparsers: Any) -> None:
897    subparser = subparsers.add_parser("create", help="create a venv")
898    subparser.add_argument(
899        "target",
900        type=str,
901        action="store",
902        help="Target directory to install virtual environment into.",
903    )
904
905
906def _add_post_init_subcommand(subparsers: Any) -> None:
907    subparsers.add_parser("post_init", help="post-venv initialization")
908
909
910def _add_ensure_subcommand(subparsers: Any) -> None:
911    subparser = subparsers.add_parser(
912        "ensure", help="Ensure that the specified package is installed."
913    )
914    subparser.add_argument(
915        "--online",
916        action="store_true",
917        help="Install packages from PyPI, if necessary.",
918    )
919    subparser.add_argument(
920        "--dir",
921        type=str,
922        action="store",
923        help="Path to vendored packages where we may install from.",
924    )
925    subparser.add_argument(
926        "--diagnose",
927        type=str,
928        action="store",
929        help=(
930            "Name of a shell utility to use for "
931            "diagnostics if this command fails."
932        ),
933    )
934    subparser.add_argument(
935        "dep_specs",
936        type=str,
937        action="store",
938        help="PEP 508 Dependency specification, e.g. 'meson>=0.61.5'",
939        nargs="+",
940    )
941
942
943def main() -> int:
944    """CLI interface to make_qemu_venv. See module docstring."""
945    if os.environ.get("DEBUG") or os.environ.get("GITLAB_CI"):
946        # You're welcome.
947        logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
948    else:
949        if os.environ.get("V"):
950            logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
951
952    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
953        prog="mkvenv",
954        description="QEMU pyvenv bootstrapping utility",
955    )
956    subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(
957        title="Commands",
958        dest="command",
959        required=True,
960        metavar="command",
961        help="Description",
962    )
963
964    _add_create_subcommand(subparsers)
965    _add_post_init_subcommand(subparsers)
966    _add_ensure_subcommand(subparsers)
967
968    args = parser.parse_args()
969    try:
970        if args.command == "create":
971            make_venv(
972                args.target,
973                system_site_packages=True,
974                clear=True,
975            )
976        if args.command == "post_init":
977            post_venv_setup()
978        if args.command == "ensure":
979            ensure(
980                dep_specs=args.dep_specs,
981                online=args.online,
982                wheels_dir=args.dir,
983                prog=args.diagnose,
984            )
985        logger.debug("mkvenv.py %s: exiting", args.command)
986    except Ouch as exc:
987        print("\n*** Ouch! ***\n", file=sys.stderr)
988        print(str(exc), "\n\n", file=sys.stderr)
989        return 1
990    except SystemExit:
991        raise
992    except:  # pylint: disable=bare-except
993        logger.exception("mkvenv did not complete successfully:")
994        return 2
995    return 0
996
997
998if __name__ == "__main__":
999    sys.exit(main())
1000