xref: /openbmc/qemu/pc-bios/s390-ccw/bootmap.h (revision 9af23989)
1 /*
2  * QEMU S390 bootmap interpreter -- declarations
3  *
4  * Copyright 2014 IBM Corp.
5  * Author(s): Eugene (jno) Dvurechenski <jno@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
6  *
7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or (at
8  * your option) any later version. See the COPYING file in the top-level
9  * directory.
10  */
11 #ifndef _PC_BIOS_S390_CCW_BOOTMAP_H
12 #define _PC_BIOS_S390_CCW_BOOTMAP_H
13 
14 #include "s390-ccw.h"
15 #include "virtio.h"
16 
17 typedef uint64_t block_number_t;
18 #define NULL_BLOCK_NR 0xffffffffffffffffULL
19 
20 #define FREE_SPACE_FILLER '\xAA'
21 
22 typedef struct ScsiBlockPtr {
23     uint64_t blockno;
24     uint16_t size;
25     uint16_t blockct;
26     uint8_t reserved[4];
27 } __attribute__ ((packed)) ScsiBlockPtr;
28 
29 typedef struct FbaBlockPtr {
30     uint32_t blockno;
31     uint16_t size;
32     uint16_t blockct;
33 } __attribute__ ((packed)) FbaBlockPtr;
34 
35 typedef struct EckdCHS {
36     uint16_t cylinder;
37     uint16_t head;
38     uint8_t sector;
39 } __attribute__ ((packed)) EckdCHS;
40 
41 typedef struct EckdBlockPtr {
42     EckdCHS chs; /* cylinder/head/sector is an address of the block */
43     uint16_t size;
44     uint8_t count; /* (size_in_blocks-1);
45                     * it's 0 for TablePtr, ScriptPtr, and SectionPtr */
46 } __attribute__ ((packed)) EckdBlockPtr;
47 
48 typedef struct ExtEckdBlockPtr {
49     EckdBlockPtr bptr;
50     uint8_t reserved[8];
51 } __attribute__ ((packed)) ExtEckdBlockPtr;
52 
53 typedef union BootMapPointer {
54     ScsiBlockPtr scsi;
55     FbaBlockPtr fba;
56     EckdBlockPtr eckd;
57     ExtEckdBlockPtr xeckd;
58 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapPointer;
59 
60 #define MAX_TABLE_ENTRIES  30
61 
62 /* aka Program Table */
63 typedef struct BootMapTable {
64     uint8_t magic[4];
65     uint8_t reserved[12];
66     BootMapPointer entry[];
67 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapTable;
68 
69 typedef struct ComponentEntry {
70     ScsiBlockPtr data;
71     uint8_t pad[7];
72     uint8_t component_type;
73     uint64_t load_address;
74 } __attribute((packed)) ComponentEntry;
75 
76 typedef struct ComponentHeader {
77     uint8_t magic[4];   /* == "zIPL"                    */
78     uint8_t type;       /* == ZIPL_COMP_HEADER_*        */
79     uint8_t reserved[27];
80 } __attribute((packed)) ComponentHeader;
81 
82 typedef struct ScsiMbr {
83     uint8_t magic[4];
84     uint32_t version_id;
85     uint8_t reserved[8];
86     ScsiBlockPtr pt;   /* block pointer to program table */
87 } __attribute__ ((packed)) ScsiMbr;
88 
89 #define ZIPL_MAGIC              "zIPL"
90 #define ZIPL_MAGIC_EBCDIC       "\xa9\xc9\xd7\xd3"
91 #define IPL1_MAGIC "\xc9\xd7\xd3\xf1" /* == "IPL1" in EBCDIC */
92 #define IPL2_MAGIC "\xc9\xd7\xd3\xf2" /* == "IPL2" in EBCDIC */
93 #define VOL1_MAGIC "\xe5\xd6\xd3\xf1" /* == "VOL1" in EBCDIC */
94 #define LNX1_MAGIC "\xd3\xd5\xe7\xf1" /* == "LNX1" in EBCDIC */
95 #define CMS1_MAGIC "\xc3\xd4\xe2\xf1" /* == "CMS1" in EBCDIC */
96 
97 #define LDL1_VERSION '\x40' /* == ' ' in EBCDIC */
98 #define LDL2_VERSION '\xf2' /* == '2' in EBCDIC */
99 
100 #define ZIPL_COMP_HEADER_IPL    0x00
101 #define ZIPL_COMP_HEADER_DUMP   0x01
102 
103 #define ZIPL_COMP_ENTRY_LOAD    0x02
104 #define ZIPL_COMP_ENTRY_EXEC    0x01
105 
106 typedef struct XEckdMbr {
107     uint8_t magic[4];   /* == "xIPL"        */
108     uint8_t version;
109     uint8_t bp_type;
110     uint8_t dev_type;   /* == DEV_TYPE_*    */
111 #define DEV_TYPE_ECKD 0x00
112 #define DEV_TYPE_FBA  0x01
113     uint8_t flags;
114     BootMapPointer blockptr;
115     uint8_t reserved[8];
116 } __attribute__ ((packed)) XEckdMbr; /* see also BootInfo */
117 
118 typedef struct BootMapScriptEntry {
119     BootMapPointer blkptr;
120     uint8_t pad[7];
121     uint8_t type;   /* == BOOT_SCRIPT_* */
122 #define BOOT_SCRIPT_EXEC 0x01
123 #define BOOT_SCRIPT_LOAD 0x02
124     union {
125         uint64_t load_address;
126         uint64_t load_psw;
127     } address;
128 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapScriptEntry;
129 
130 typedef struct BootMapScriptHeader {
131     uint32_t magic;
132     uint8_t type;
133 #define BOOT_SCRIPT_HDR_IPL 0x00
134     uint8_t reserved[27];
135 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapScriptHeader;
136 
137 typedef struct BootMapScript {
138     BootMapScriptHeader header;
139     BootMapScriptEntry  entry[0];
140 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapScript;
141 
142 /*
143  * These aren't real VTOCs, but referred to this way in some docs.
144  * They are "volume labels" actually.
145  *
146  * Some structures looks similar to described above, but left
147  * separate as there is no indication that they are the same.
148  * So, the value definitions are left separate too.
149  */
150 typedef struct LDL_VTOC {       /* @ rec.3 cyl.0 trk.0 for ECKD */
151     char magic[4];              /* "LNX1", EBCDIC               */
152     char volser[6];             /* volser, EBCDIC               */
153     uint8_t reserved[69];       /* reserved, 0x40               */
154     uint8_t LDL_version;        /* 0x40 or 0xF2                 */
155     uint64_t formatted_blocks;  /* if LDL_version >= 0xF2       */
156 } __attribute__ ((packed)) LDL_VTOC;
157 
158 typedef struct format_date {
159     uint8_t YY;
160     uint8_t MM;
161     uint8_t DD;
162     uint8_t hh;
163     uint8_t mm;
164     uint8_t ss;
165 } __attribute__ ((packed)) format_date_t;
166 
167 typedef struct CMS_VTOC {       /* @ rec.3 cyl.0 trk.0 for ECKD */
168                                 /* @ blk.1 (zero based) for FBA */
169     char magic[4];              /* 'CMS1', EBCDIC               */
170     char volser[6];             /* volser, EBCDIC               */
171     uint16_t version;           /* = 0                          */
172     uint32_t block_size;        /* = 512, 1024, 2048, or 4096   */
173     uint32_t disk_origin;       /* = 4 or 5                     */
174     uint32_t blocks;            /* Number of usable cyls/blocks */
175     uint32_t formatted;         /* Max number of fmtd cyls/blks */
176     uint32_t CMS_blocks;        /* disk size in CMS blocks      */
177     uint32_t CMS_used;          /* Number of CMS blocks in use  */
178     uint32_t FST_size;          /* = 64, bytes                  */
179     uint32_t FST_per_CMS_blk;   /*                              */
180     format_date_t format_date;  /* YYMMDDhhmmss as 6 bytes      */
181     uint8_t reserved1[2];       /* = 0                          */
182     uint32_t offset;            /* disk offset when reserved    */
183     uint32_t next_hole;         /* block nr                     */
184     uint32_t HBLK_hole_offset;  /* >> HBLK data of next hole    */
185     uint32_t alloc_map_usr_off; /* >> user part of Alloc map    */
186     uint8_t reserved2[4];       /* = 0                          */
187     char shared_seg_name[8];    /*                              */
188 } __attribute__ ((packed)) CMS_VTOC;
189 
190 /* from zipl/include/boot.h */
191 typedef struct BootInfoBpIpl {
192     union {
193         ExtEckdBlockPtr eckd;
194         ScsiBlockPtr linr;
195     } bm_ptr;
196     uint8_t unused[16];
197 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootInfoBpIpl;
198 
199 typedef struct EckdDumpParam {
200     uint32_t        start_blk;
201     uint32_t        end_blk;
202     uint16_t        blocksize;
203     uint8_t         num_heads;
204     uint8_t         bpt;
205     char            reserved[4];
206 } __attribute((packed, may_alias)) EckdDumpParam;
207 
208 typedef struct FbaDumpParam {
209     uint64_t        start_blk;
210     uint64_t        blockct;
211 } __attribute((packed)) FbaDumpParam;
212 
213 typedef struct BootInfoBpDump {
214     union {
215         EckdDumpParam eckd;
216         FbaDumpParam fba;
217     } param;
218     uint8_t         unused[16];
219 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootInfoBpDump;
220 
221 typedef struct BootInfo {          /* @ 0x70, record #0    */
222     unsigned char magic[4]; /* = 'zIPL', ASCII      */
223     uint8_t version;        /* = 1                  */
224 #define BOOT_INFO_VERSION               1
225     uint8_t bp_type;        /* = 0                  */
226 #define BOOT_INFO_BP_TYPE_IPL           0x00
227 #define BOOT_INFO_BP_TYPE_DUMP          0x01
228     uint8_t dev_type;       /* = 0                  */
229 #define BOOT_INFO_DEV_TYPE_ECKD         0x00
230 #define BOOT_INFO_DEV_TYPE_FBA          0x01
231     uint8_t flags;          /* = 1                  */
232 #ifdef __s390x__
233 #define BOOT_INFO_FLAGS_ARCH            0x01
234 #else
235 #define BOOT_INFO_FLAGS_ARCH            0x00
236 #endif
237     union {
238         BootInfoBpDump dump;
239         BootInfoBpIpl ipl;
240     } bp;
241 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootInfo; /* see also XEckdMbr   */
242 
243 /*
244  * Structs for IPL
245  */
246 #define STAGE2_BLK_CNT_MAX  24 /* Stage 1b can load up to 24 blocks */
247 
248 typedef struct EckdCdlIpl1 {
249     uint8_t key[4]; /* == "IPL1" */
250     uint8_t data[24];
251 } __attribute__((packed)) EckdCdlIpl1;
252 
253 typedef struct EckdSeekArg {
254     uint16_t pad;
255     EckdCHS chs;
256     uint8_t pad2;
257 } __attribute__ ((packed)) EckdSeekArg;
258 
259 typedef struct EckdStage1b {
260     uint8_t reserved[32 * STAGE2_BLK_CNT_MAX];
261     struct EckdSeekArg seek[STAGE2_BLK_CNT_MAX];
262     uint8_t unused[64];
263 } __attribute__ ((packed)) EckdStage1b;
264 
265 typedef struct EckdStage1 {
266     uint8_t reserved[72];
267     struct EckdSeekArg seek[2];
268 } __attribute__ ((packed)) EckdStage1;
269 
270 typedef struct EckdCdlIpl2 {
271     uint8_t key[4]; /* == "IPL2" */
272     struct EckdStage1 stage1;
273     XEckdMbr mbr;
274     uint8_t reserved[24];
275 } __attribute__((packed)) EckdCdlIpl2;
276 
277 typedef struct EckdLdlIpl1 {
278     uint8_t reserved[24];
279     struct EckdStage1 stage1;
280     BootInfo bip; /* BootInfo is MBR for LDL */
281 } __attribute__((packed)) EckdLdlIpl1;
282 
283 typedef struct IplVolumeLabel {
284     unsigned char key[4]; /* == "VOL1" */
285     union {
286         unsigned char data[80];
287         struct {
288             unsigned char key[4]; /* == "VOL1" */
289             unsigned char volser[6];
290             unsigned char reserved[6];
291         } f;
292     };
293 } __attribute__((packed)) IplVolumeLabel;
294 
295 typedef enum {
296     ECKD_NO_IPL,
297     ECKD_CMS,
298     ECKD_LDL,
299     ECKD_LDL_UNLABELED,
300 } ECKD_IPL_mode_t;
301 
302 /* utility code below */
303 
304 static inline void print_volser(const void *volser)
305 {
306     char ascii[8];
307 
308     ebcdic_to_ascii((char *)volser, ascii, 6);
309     ascii[6] = '\0';
310     sclp_print("VOLSER=[");
311     sclp_print(ascii);
312     sclp_print("]\n");
313 }
314 
315 static inline bool unused_space(const void *p, size_t size)
316 {
317     size_t i;
318     const unsigned char *m = p;
319 
320     for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
321         if (m[i] != FREE_SPACE_FILLER) {
322             return false;
323         }
324     }
325     return true;
326 }
327 
328 static inline bool is_null_block_number(block_number_t x)
329 {
330     return x == NULL_BLOCK_NR;
331 }
332 
333 static inline void read_block(block_number_t blockno,
334                               void *buffer,
335                               const char *errmsg)
336 {
337     IPL_assert(virtio_read(blockno, buffer) == 0, errmsg);
338 }
339 
340 static inline bool block_size_ok(uint32_t block_size)
341 {
342     return block_size == virtio_get_block_size();
343 }
344 
345 static inline bool magic_match(const void *data, const void *magic)
346 {
347     return *((uint32_t *)data) == *((uint32_t *)magic);
348 }
349 
350 static inline uint32_t iso_733_to_u32(uint64_t x)
351 {
352     return (uint32_t)x;
353 }
354 
355 #define ISO_SECTOR_SIZE 2048
356 /* El Torito specifies boot image size in 512 byte blocks */
357 #define ET_SECTOR_SHIFT 2
358 #define KERN_IMAGE_START 0x010000UL
359 #define PSW_MASK_64 0x0000000100000000ULL
360 #define PSW_MASK_32 0x0000000080000000ULL
361 #define IPL_PSW_MASK (PSW_MASK_32 | PSW_MASK_64)
362 
363 #define ISO_PRIMARY_VD_SECTOR 16
364 
365 static inline void read_iso_sector(uint32_t block_offset, void *buf,
366                                    const char *errmsg)
367 {
368     IPL_assert(virtio_read_many(block_offset, buf, 1) == 0, errmsg);
369 }
370 
371 static inline void read_iso_boot_image(uint32_t block_offset, void *load_addr,
372                                        uint32_t blks_to_load)
373 {
374     IPL_assert(virtio_read_many(block_offset, load_addr, blks_to_load) == 0,
375                "Failed to read boot image!");
376 }
377 
378 const uint8_t el_torito_magic[] = "EL TORITO SPECIFICATION"
379                                   "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0";
380 
381 #define ISO9660_MAX_DIR_DEPTH 8
382 
383 typedef struct IsoDirHdr {
384     uint8_t dr_len;
385     uint8_t ear_len;
386     uint64_t ext_loc;
387     uint64_t data_len;
388     uint8_t recording_datetime[7];
389     uint8_t file_flags;
390     uint8_t file_unit_size;
391     uint8_t gap_size;
392     uint32_t vol_seqnum;
393     uint8_t fileid_len;
394 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoDirHdr;
395 
396 typedef struct IsoVdElTorito {
397     uint8_t el_torito[32]; /* must contain el_torito_magic value */
398     uint8_t unused0[32];
399     uint32_t bc_offset;
400     uint8_t unused1[1974];
401 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoVdElTorito;
402 
403 typedef struct IsoVdPrimary {
404     uint8_t unused1;
405     uint8_t sys_id[32];
406     uint8_t vol_id[32];
407     uint8_t unused2[8];
408     uint64_t vol_space_size;
409     uint8_t unused3[32];
410     uint32_t vol_set_size;
411     uint32_t vol_seqnum;
412     uint32_t log_block_size;
413     uint64_t path_table_size;
414     uint32_t l_path_table;
415     uint32_t opt_l_path_table;
416     uint32_t m_path_table;
417     uint32_t opt_m_path_table;
418     IsoDirHdr rootdir;
419     uint8_t root_null;
420     uint8_t reserved2[1858];
421 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoVdPrimary;
422 
423 typedef struct IsoVolDesc {
424     uint8_t type;
425     uint8_t ident[5];
426     uint8_t version;
427     union {
428         IsoVdElTorito boot;
429         IsoVdPrimary primary;
430     } vd;
431 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoVolDesc;
432 
433 const uint8_t vol_desc_magic[] = "CD001";
434 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_BOOT 0
435 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_PRIMARY 1
436 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_SUPPLEMENT 2
437 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_PARTITION 3
438 #define VOL_DESC_TERMINATOR 255
439 
440 static inline bool is_iso_vd_valid(IsoVolDesc *vd)
441 {
442     return !memcmp(&vd->ident[0], vol_desc_magic, 5) &&
443            vd->version == 0x1 &&
444            vd->type <= VOL_DESC_TYPE_PARTITION;
445 }
446 
447 typedef struct IsoBcValid {
448     uint8_t platform_id;
449     uint16_t reserved;
450     uint8_t id[24];
451     uint16_t checksum;
452     uint8_t key[2];
453 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcValid;
454 
455 typedef struct IsoBcSection {
456     uint8_t boot_type;
457     uint16_t load_segment;
458     uint8_t sys_type;
459     uint8_t unused;
460     uint16_t sector_count;
461     uint32_t load_rba;
462     uint8_t selection[20];
463 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcSection;
464 
465 typedef struct IsoBcHdr {
466     uint8_t platform_id;
467     uint16_t sect_num;
468     uint8_t id[28];
469 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcHdr;
470 
471 /*
472  * Match two CCWs located after PSW and eight filler bytes.
473  * From libmagic and arch/s390/kernel/head.S.
474  */
475 const uint8_t linux_s390_magic[] = "\x02\x00\x00\x18\x60\x00\x00\x50\x02\x00"
476                                    "\x00\x68\x60\x00\x00\x50\x40\x40\x40\x40"
477                                    "\x40\x40\x40\x40";
478 
479 typedef struct IsoBcEntry {
480     uint8_t id;
481     union {
482         IsoBcValid valid; /* id == 0x01 */
483         IsoBcSection sect; /* id == 0x88 || id == 0x0 */
484         IsoBcHdr hdr; /* id == 0x90 || id == 0x91 */
485     } body;
486 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcEntry;
487 
488 #define ISO_BC_ENTRY_PER_SECTOR (ISO_SECTOR_SIZE / sizeof(IsoBcEntry))
489 #define ISO_BC_HDR_VALIDATION 0x01
490 #define ISO_BC_BOOTABLE_SECTION 0x88
491 #define ISO_BC_MAGIC_55 0x55
492 #define ISO_BC_MAGIC_AA 0xaa
493 #define ISO_BC_PLATFORM_X86 0x0
494 #define ISO_BC_PLATFORM_PPC 0x1
495 #define ISO_BC_PLATFORM_MAC 0x2
496 
497 static inline bool is_iso_bc_valid(IsoBcEntry *e)
498 {
499     IsoBcValid *v = &e->body.valid;
500 
501     if (e->id != ISO_BC_HDR_VALIDATION) {
502         return false;
503     }
504 
505     if (v->platform_id != ISO_BC_PLATFORM_X86 &&
506         v->platform_id != ISO_BC_PLATFORM_PPC &&
507         v->platform_id != ISO_BC_PLATFORM_MAC) {
508         return false;
509     }
510 
511     return v->key[0] == ISO_BC_MAGIC_55 &&
512            v->key[1] == ISO_BC_MAGIC_AA &&
513            v->reserved == 0x0;
514 }
515 
516 #endif /* _PC_BIOS_S390_CCW_BOOTMAP_H */
517