xref: /openbmc/qemu/pc-bios/s390-ccw/bootmap.h (revision 4a09d0bb)
1 /*
2  * QEMU S390 bootmap interpreter -- declarations
3  *
4  * Copyright 2014 IBM Corp.
5  * Author(s): Eugene (jno) Dvurechenski <jno@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
6  *
7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or (at
8  * your option) any later version. See the COPYING file in the top-level
9  * directory.
10  */
11 #ifndef _PC_BIOS_S390_CCW_BOOTMAP_H
12 #define _PC_BIOS_S390_CCW_BOOTMAP_H
13 
14 #include "s390-ccw.h"
15 #include "virtio.h"
16 
17 typedef uint64_t block_number_t;
18 #define NULL_BLOCK_NR 0xffffffffffffffffULL
19 
20 #define FREE_SPACE_FILLER '\xAA'
21 
22 typedef struct ScsiBlockPtr {
23     uint64_t blockno;
24     uint16_t size;
25     uint16_t blockct;
26     uint8_t reserved[4];
27 } __attribute__ ((packed)) ScsiBlockPtr;
28 
29 typedef struct FbaBlockPtr {
30     uint32_t blockno;
31     uint16_t size;
32     uint16_t blockct;
33 } __attribute__ ((packed)) FbaBlockPtr;
34 
35 typedef struct EckdBlockPtr {
36     uint16_t cylinder; /* cylinder/head/sector is an address of the block */
37     uint16_t head;
38     uint8_t sector;
39     uint16_t size;
40     uint8_t count; /* (size_in_blocks-1);
41                     * it's 0 for TablePtr, ScriptPtr, and SectionPtr */
42 } __attribute__ ((packed)) EckdBlockPtr;
43 
44 typedef struct ExtEckdBlockPtr {
45     EckdBlockPtr bptr;
46     uint8_t reserved[8];
47 } __attribute__ ((packed)) ExtEckdBlockPtr;
48 
49 typedef union BootMapPointer {
50     ScsiBlockPtr scsi;
51     FbaBlockPtr fba;
52     EckdBlockPtr eckd;
53     ExtEckdBlockPtr xeckd;
54 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapPointer;
55 
56 typedef struct ComponentEntry {
57     ScsiBlockPtr data;
58     uint8_t pad[7];
59     uint8_t component_type;
60     uint64_t load_address;
61 } __attribute((packed)) ComponentEntry;
62 
63 typedef struct ComponentHeader {
64     uint8_t magic[4];   /* == "zIPL"                    */
65     uint8_t type;       /* == ZIPL_COMP_HEADER_*        */
66     uint8_t reserved[27];
67 } __attribute((packed)) ComponentHeader;
68 
69 typedef struct ScsiMbr {
70     uint8_t magic[4];
71     uint32_t version_id;
72     uint8_t reserved[8];
73     ScsiBlockPtr blockptr;
74 } __attribute__ ((packed)) ScsiMbr;
75 
76 #define ZIPL_MAGIC              "zIPL"
77 #define IPL1_MAGIC "\xc9\xd7\xd3\xf1" /* == "IPL1" in EBCDIC */
78 #define IPL2_MAGIC "\xc9\xd7\xd3\xf2" /* == "IPL2" in EBCDIC */
79 #define VOL1_MAGIC "\xe5\xd6\xd3\xf1" /* == "VOL1" in EBCDIC */
80 #define LNX1_MAGIC "\xd3\xd5\xe7\xf1" /* == "LNX1" in EBCDIC */
81 #define CMS1_MAGIC "\xc3\xd4\xe2\xf1" /* == "CMS1" in EBCDIC */
82 
83 #define LDL1_VERSION '\x40' /* == ' ' in EBCDIC */
84 #define LDL2_VERSION '\xf2' /* == '2' in EBCDIC */
85 
86 #define ZIPL_COMP_HEADER_IPL    0x00
87 #define ZIPL_COMP_HEADER_DUMP   0x01
88 
89 #define ZIPL_COMP_ENTRY_LOAD    0x02
90 #define ZIPL_COMP_ENTRY_EXEC    0x01
91 
92 typedef struct XEckdMbr {
93     uint8_t magic[4];   /* == "xIPL"        */
94     uint8_t version;
95     uint8_t bp_type;
96     uint8_t dev_type;   /* == DEV_TYPE_*    */
97 #define DEV_TYPE_ECKD 0x00
98 #define DEV_TYPE_FBA  0x01
99     uint8_t flags;
100     BootMapPointer blockptr;
101     uint8_t reserved[8];
102 } __attribute__ ((packed)) XEckdMbr; /* see also BootInfo */
103 
104 typedef struct BootMapScriptEntry {
105     BootMapPointer blkptr;
106     uint8_t pad[7];
107     uint8_t type;   /* == BOOT_SCRIPT_* */
108 #define BOOT_SCRIPT_EXEC 0x01
109 #define BOOT_SCRIPT_LOAD 0x02
110     union {
111         uint64_t load_address;
112         uint64_t load_psw;
113     } address;
114 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapScriptEntry;
115 
116 typedef struct BootMapScriptHeader {
117     uint32_t magic;
118     uint8_t type;
119 #define BOOT_SCRIPT_HDR_IPL 0x00
120     uint8_t reserved[27];
121 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapScriptHeader;
122 
123 typedef struct BootMapScript {
124     BootMapScriptHeader header;
125     BootMapScriptEntry  entry[0];
126 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapScript;
127 
128 /*
129  * These aren't real VTOCs, but referred to this way in some docs.
130  * They are "volume labels" actually.
131  *
132  * Some structures looks similar to described above, but left
133  * separate as there is no indication that they are the same.
134  * So, the value definitions are left separate too.
135  */
136 typedef struct LDL_VTOC {       /* @ rec.3 cyl.0 trk.0 for ECKD */
137     char magic[4];              /* "LNX1", EBCDIC               */
138     char volser[6];             /* volser, EBCDIC               */
139     uint8_t reserved[69];       /* reserved, 0x40               */
140     uint8_t LDL_version;        /* 0x40 or 0xF2                 */
141     uint64_t formatted_blocks;  /* if LDL_version >= 0xF2       */
142 } __attribute__ ((packed)) LDL_VTOC;
143 
144 typedef struct format_date {
145     uint8_t YY;
146     uint8_t MM;
147     uint8_t DD;
148     uint8_t hh;
149     uint8_t mm;
150     uint8_t ss;
151 } __attribute__ ((packed)) format_date_t;
152 
153 typedef struct CMS_VTOC {       /* @ rec.3 cyl.0 trk.0 for ECKD */
154                                 /* @ blk.1 (zero based) for FBA */
155     char magic[4];              /* 'CMS1', EBCDIC               */
156     char volser[6];             /* volser, EBCDIC               */
157     uint16_t version;           /* = 0                          */
158     uint32_t block_size;        /* = 512, 1024, 2048, or 4096   */
159     uint32_t disk_origin;       /* = 4 or 5                     */
160     uint32_t blocks;            /* Number of usable cyls/blocks */
161     uint32_t formatted;         /* Max number of fmtd cyls/blks */
162     uint32_t CMS_blocks;        /* disk size in CMS blocks      */
163     uint32_t CMS_used;          /* Number of CMS blocks in use  */
164     uint32_t FST_size;          /* = 64, bytes                  */
165     uint32_t FST_per_CMS_blk;   /*                              */
166     format_date_t format_date;  /* YYMMDDhhmmss as 6 bytes      */
167     uint8_t reserved1[2];       /* = 0                          */
168     uint32_t offset;            /* disk offset when reserved    */
169     uint32_t next_hole;         /* block nr                     */
170     uint32_t HBLK_hole_offset;  /* >> HBLK data of next hole    */
171     uint32_t alloc_map_usr_off; /* >> user part of Alloc map    */
172     uint8_t reserved2[4];       /* = 0                          */
173     char shared_seg_name[8];    /*                              */
174 } __attribute__ ((packed)) CMS_VTOC;
175 
176 /* from zipl/include/boot.h */
177 typedef struct BootInfoBpIpl {
178     union {
179         ExtEckdBlockPtr eckd;
180         ScsiBlockPtr linr;
181     } bm_ptr;
182     uint8_t unused[16];
183 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootInfoBpIpl;
184 
185 typedef struct EckdDumpParam {
186     uint32_t        start_blk;
187     uint32_t        end_blk;
188     uint16_t        blocksize;
189     uint8_t         num_heads;
190     uint8_t         bpt;
191     char            reserved[4];
192 } __attribute((packed, may_alias)) EckdDumpParam;
193 
194 typedef struct FbaDumpParam {
195     uint64_t        start_blk;
196     uint64_t        blockct;
197 } __attribute((packed)) FbaDumpParam;
198 
199 typedef struct BootInfoBpDump {
200     union {
201         EckdDumpParam eckd;
202         FbaDumpParam fba;
203     } param;
204     uint8_t         unused[16];
205 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootInfoBpDump;
206 
207 typedef struct BootInfo {          /* @ 0x70, record #0    */
208     unsigned char magic[4]; /* = 'zIPL', ASCII      */
209     uint8_t version;        /* = 1                  */
210 #define BOOT_INFO_VERSION               1
211     uint8_t bp_type;        /* = 0                  */
212 #define BOOT_INFO_BP_TYPE_IPL           0x00
213 #define BOOT_INFO_BP_TYPE_DUMP          0x01
214     uint8_t dev_type;       /* = 0                  */
215 #define BOOT_INFO_DEV_TYPE_ECKD         0x00
216 #define BOOT_INFO_DEV_TYPE_FBA          0x01
217     uint8_t flags;          /* = 1                  */
218 #ifdef __s390x__
219 #define BOOT_INFO_FLAGS_ARCH            0x01
220 #else
221 #define BOOT_INFO_FLAGS_ARCH            0x00
222 #endif
223     union {
224         BootInfoBpDump dump;
225         BootInfoBpIpl ipl;
226     } bp;
227 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootInfo; /* see also XEckdMbr   */
228 
229 typedef struct Ipl1 {
230     unsigned char key[4]; /* == "IPL1" */
231     unsigned char data[24];
232 } __attribute__((packed)) Ipl1;
233 
234 typedef struct Ipl2 {
235     unsigned char key[4]; /* == "IPL2" */
236     union {
237         unsigned char data[144];
238         struct {
239             unsigned char reserved1[92-4];
240             XEckdMbr mbr;
241             unsigned char reserved2[144-(92-4)-sizeof(XEckdMbr)];
242         } x;
243     } u;
244 } __attribute__((packed)) Ipl2;
245 
246 typedef struct IplVolumeLabel {
247     unsigned char key[4]; /* == "VOL1" */
248     union {
249         unsigned char data[80];
250         struct {
251             unsigned char key[4]; /* == "VOL1" */
252             unsigned char volser[6];
253             unsigned char reserved[6];
254         } f;
255     };
256 } __attribute__((packed)) IplVolumeLabel;
257 
258 typedef enum {
259     ECKD_NO_IPL,
260     ECKD_CMS,
261     ECKD_LDL,
262     ECKD_LDL_UNLABELED,
263 } ECKD_IPL_mode_t;
264 
265 /* utility code below */
266 
267 static const unsigned char ebc2asc[256] =
268       /* 0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef */
269         "................................" /* 1F */
270         "................................" /* 3F */
271         " ...........<(+|&.........!$*);." /* 5F first.chr.here.is.real.space */
272         "-/.........,%_>?.........`:#@'=\""/* 7F */
273         ".abcdefghi.......jklmnopqr......" /* 9F */
274         "..stuvwxyz......................" /* BF */
275         ".ABCDEFGHI.......JKLMNOPQR......" /* DF */
276         "..STUVWXYZ......0123456789......";/* FF */
277 
278 static inline void ebcdic_to_ascii(const char *src,
279                                    char *dst,
280                                    unsigned int size)
281 {
282     unsigned int i;
283     for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
284         unsigned c = src[i];
285         dst[i] = ebc2asc[c];
286     }
287 }
288 
289 static inline void print_volser(const void *volser)
290 {
291     char ascii[8];
292 
293     ebcdic_to_ascii((char *)volser, ascii, 6);
294     ascii[6] = '\0';
295     sclp_print("VOLSER=[");
296     sclp_print(ascii);
297     sclp_print("]\n");
298 }
299 
300 static inline bool unused_space(const void *p, size_t size)
301 {
302     size_t i;
303     const unsigned char *m = p;
304 
305     for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
306         if (m[i] != FREE_SPACE_FILLER) {
307             return false;
308         }
309     }
310     return true;
311 }
312 
313 static inline bool is_null_block_number(block_number_t x)
314 {
315     return x == NULL_BLOCK_NR;
316 }
317 
318 static inline void read_block(block_number_t blockno,
319                               void *buffer,
320                               const char *errmsg)
321 {
322     IPL_assert(virtio_read(blockno, buffer) == 0, errmsg);
323 }
324 
325 static inline bool block_size_ok(uint32_t block_size)
326 {
327     return block_size == virtio_get_block_size();
328 }
329 
330 static inline bool magic_match(const void *data, const void *magic)
331 {
332     return *((uint32_t *)data) == *((uint32_t *)magic);
333 }
334 
335 static inline int _memcmp(const void *s1, const void *s2, size_t n)
336 {
337     int i;
338     const uint8_t *p1 = s1, *p2 = s2;
339 
340     for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
341         if (p1[i] != p2[i]) {
342             return p1[i] > p2[i] ? 1 : -1;
343         }
344     }
345 
346     return 0;
347 }
348 
349 /* from include/qemu/bswap.h */
350 
351 /* El Torito is always little-endian */
352 static inline uint16_t bswap16(uint16_t x)
353 {
354     return ((x & 0x00ff) << 8) | ((x & 0xff00) >> 8);
355 }
356 
357 static inline uint32_t bswap32(uint32_t x)
358 {
359     return ((x & 0x000000ffU) << 24) | ((x & 0x0000ff00U) <<  8) |
360            ((x & 0x00ff0000U) >>  8) | ((x & 0xff000000U) >> 24);
361 }
362 
363 static inline uint64_t bswap64(uint64_t x)
364 {
365     return ((x & 0x00000000000000ffULL) << 56) |
366            ((x & 0x000000000000ff00ULL) << 40) |
367            ((x & 0x0000000000ff0000ULL) << 24) |
368            ((x & 0x00000000ff000000ULL) <<  8) |
369            ((x & 0x000000ff00000000ULL) >>  8) |
370            ((x & 0x0000ff0000000000ULL) >> 24) |
371            ((x & 0x00ff000000000000ULL) >> 40) |
372            ((x & 0xff00000000000000ULL) >> 56);
373 }
374 
375 static inline uint32_t iso_733_to_u32(uint64_t x)
376 {
377     return (uint32_t)x;
378 }
379 
380 #define ISO_SECTOR_SIZE 2048
381 /* El Torito specifies boot image size in 512 byte blocks */
382 #define ET_SECTOR_SHIFT 2
383 #define KERN_IMAGE_START 0x010000UL
384 #define PSW_MASK_64 0x0000000100000000ULL
385 #define PSW_MASK_32 0x0000000080000000ULL
386 #define IPL_PSW_MASK (PSW_MASK_32 | PSW_MASK_64)
387 
388 #define ISO_PRIMARY_VD_SECTOR 16
389 
390 static inline void read_iso_sector(uint32_t block_offset, void *buf,
391                                    const char *errmsg)
392 {
393     IPL_assert(virtio_read_many(block_offset, buf, 1) == 0, errmsg);
394 }
395 
396 static inline void read_iso_boot_image(uint32_t block_offset, void *load_addr,
397                                        uint32_t blks_to_load)
398 {
399     IPL_assert(virtio_read_many(block_offset, load_addr, blks_to_load) == 0,
400                "Failed to read boot image!");
401 }
402 
403 const uint8_t el_torito_magic[] = "EL TORITO SPECIFICATION"
404                                   "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0";
405 
406 #define ISO9660_MAX_DIR_DEPTH 8
407 
408 typedef struct IsoDirHdr {
409     uint8_t dr_len;
410     uint8_t ear_len;
411     uint64_t ext_loc;
412     uint64_t data_len;
413     uint8_t recording_datetime[7];
414     uint8_t file_flags;
415     uint8_t file_unit_size;
416     uint8_t gap_size;
417     uint32_t vol_seqnum;
418     uint8_t fileid_len;
419 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoDirHdr;
420 
421 typedef struct IsoVdElTorito {
422     uint8_t el_torito[32]; /* must contain el_torito_magic value */
423     uint8_t unused0[32];
424     uint32_t bc_offset;
425     uint8_t unused1[1974];
426 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoVdElTorito;
427 
428 typedef struct IsoVdPrimary {
429     uint8_t unused1;
430     uint8_t sys_id[32];
431     uint8_t vol_id[32];
432     uint8_t unused2[8];
433     uint64_t vol_space_size;
434     uint8_t unused3[32];
435     uint32_t vol_set_size;
436     uint32_t vol_seqnum;
437     uint32_t log_block_size;
438     uint64_t path_table_size;
439     uint32_t l_path_table;
440     uint32_t opt_l_path_table;
441     uint32_t m_path_table;
442     uint32_t opt_m_path_table;
443     IsoDirHdr rootdir;
444     uint8_t root_null;
445     uint8_t reserved2[1858];
446 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoVdPrimary;
447 
448 typedef struct IsoVolDesc {
449     uint8_t type;
450     uint8_t ident[5];
451     uint8_t version;
452     union {
453         IsoVdElTorito boot;
454         IsoVdPrimary primary;
455     } vd;
456 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoVolDesc;
457 
458 const uint8_t vol_desc_magic[] = "CD001";
459 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_BOOT 0
460 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_PRIMARY 1
461 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_SUPPLEMENT 2
462 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_PARTITION 3
463 #define VOL_DESC_TERMINATOR 255
464 
465 static inline bool is_iso_vd_valid(IsoVolDesc *vd)
466 {
467     return !_memcmp(&vd->ident[0], vol_desc_magic, 5) &&
468            vd->version == 0x1 &&
469            vd->type <= VOL_DESC_TYPE_PARTITION;
470 }
471 
472 typedef struct IsoBcValid {
473     uint8_t platform_id;
474     uint16_t reserved;
475     uint8_t id[24];
476     uint16_t checksum;
477     uint8_t key[2];
478 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcValid;
479 
480 typedef struct IsoBcSection {
481     uint8_t boot_type;
482     uint16_t load_segment;
483     uint8_t sys_type;
484     uint8_t unused;
485     uint16_t sector_count;
486     uint32_t load_rba;
487     uint8_t selection[20];
488 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcSection;
489 
490 typedef struct IsoBcHdr {
491     uint8_t platform_id;
492     uint16_t sect_num;
493     uint8_t id[28];
494 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcHdr;
495 
496 /*
497  * Match two CCWs located after PSW and eight filler bytes.
498  * From libmagic and arch/s390/kernel/head.S.
499  */
500 const uint8_t linux_s390_magic[] = "\x02\x00\x00\x18\x60\x00\x00\x50\x02\x00"
501                                    "\x00\x68\x60\x00\x00\x50\x40\x40\x40\x40"
502                                    "\x40\x40\x40\x40";
503 
504 typedef struct IsoBcEntry {
505     uint8_t id;
506     union {
507         IsoBcValid valid; /* id == 0x01 */
508         IsoBcSection sect; /* id == 0x88 || id == 0x0 */
509         IsoBcHdr hdr; /* id == 0x90 || id == 0x91 */
510     } body;
511 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcEntry;
512 
513 #define ISO_BC_ENTRY_PER_SECTOR (ISO_SECTOR_SIZE / sizeof(IsoBcEntry))
514 #define ISO_BC_HDR_VALIDATION 0x01
515 #define ISO_BC_BOOTABLE_SECTION 0x88
516 #define ISO_BC_MAGIC_55 0x55
517 #define ISO_BC_MAGIC_AA 0xaa
518 #define ISO_BC_PLATFORM_X86 0x0
519 #define ISO_BC_PLATFORM_PPC 0x1
520 #define ISO_BC_PLATFORM_MAC 0x2
521 
522 static inline bool is_iso_bc_valid(IsoBcEntry *e)
523 {
524     IsoBcValid *v = &e->body.valid;
525 
526     if (e->id != ISO_BC_HDR_VALIDATION) {
527         return false;
528     }
529 
530     if (v->platform_id != ISO_BC_PLATFORM_X86 &&
531         v->platform_id != ISO_BC_PLATFORM_PPC &&
532         v->platform_id != ISO_BC_PLATFORM_MAC) {
533         return false;
534     }
535 
536     return v->key[0] == ISO_BC_MAGIC_55 &&
537            v->key[1] == ISO_BC_MAGIC_AA &&
538            v->reserved == 0x0;
539 }
540 
541 #endif /* _PC_BIOS_S390_CCW_BOOTMAP_H */
542