xref: /openbmc/qemu/net/net.c (revision eab15862)
1 /*
2  * QEMU System Emulator
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 
27 #include "net/net.h"
28 #include "clients.h"
29 #include "hub.h"
30 #include "net/slirp.h"
31 #include "net/eth.h"
32 #include "util.h"
33 
34 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
35 #include "qemu/help_option.h"
36 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-net.h"
37 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-net.h"
38 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
39 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
40 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
41 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
42 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
43 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
44 #include "hw/qdev.h"
45 #include "qemu/iov.h"
46 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
47 #include "qemu/option.h"
48 #include "qapi/error.h"
49 #include "qapi/opts-visitor.h"
50 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
51 #include "sysemu/qtest.h"
52 #include "net/filter.h"
53 #include "qapi/string-output-visitor.h"
54 
55 /* Net bridge is currently not supported for W32. */
56 #if !defined(_WIN32)
57 # define CONFIG_NET_BRIDGE
58 #endif
59 
60 static VMChangeStateEntry *net_change_state_entry;
61 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, NetClientState) net_clients;
62 
63 /***********************************************************/
64 /* network device redirectors */
65 
66 static int get_str_sep(char *buf, int buf_size, const char **pp, int sep)
67 {
68     const char *p, *p1;
69     int len;
70     p = *pp;
71     p1 = strchr(p, sep);
72     if (!p1)
73         return -1;
74     len = p1 - p;
75     p1++;
76     if (buf_size > 0) {
77         if (len > buf_size - 1)
78             len = buf_size - 1;
79         memcpy(buf, p, len);
80         buf[len] = '\0';
81     }
82     *pp = p1;
83     return 0;
84 }
85 
86 int parse_host_port(struct sockaddr_in *saddr, const char *str,
87                     Error **errp)
88 {
89     char buf[512];
90     struct hostent *he;
91     const char *p, *r;
92     int port;
93 
94     p = str;
95     if (get_str_sep(buf, sizeof(buf), &p, ':') < 0) {
96         error_setg(errp, "host address '%s' doesn't contain ':' "
97                    "separating host from port", str);
98         return -1;
99     }
100     saddr->sin_family = AF_INET;
101     if (buf[0] == '\0') {
102         saddr->sin_addr.s_addr = 0;
103     } else {
104         if (qemu_isdigit(buf[0])) {
105             if (!inet_aton(buf, &saddr->sin_addr)) {
106                 error_setg(errp, "host address '%s' is not a valid "
107                            "IPv4 address", buf);
108                 return -1;
109             }
110         } else {
111             he = gethostbyname(buf);
112             if (he == NULL) {
113                 error_setg(errp, "can't resolve host address '%s'", buf);
114                 return - 1;
115             }
116             saddr->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)he->h_addr;
117         }
118     }
119     port = strtol(p, (char **)&r, 0);
120     if (r == p) {
121         error_setg(errp, "port number '%s' is invalid", p);
122         return -1;
123     }
124     saddr->sin_port = htons(port);
125     return 0;
126 }
127 
128 char *qemu_mac_strdup_printf(const uint8_t *macaddr)
129 {
130     return g_strdup_printf("%.2x:%.2x:%.2x:%.2x:%.2x:%.2x",
131                            macaddr[0], macaddr[1], macaddr[2],
132                            macaddr[3], macaddr[4], macaddr[5]);
133 }
134 
135 void qemu_format_nic_info_str(NetClientState *nc, uint8_t macaddr[6])
136 {
137     snprintf(nc->info_str, sizeof(nc->info_str),
138              "model=%s,macaddr=%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
139              nc->model,
140              macaddr[0], macaddr[1], macaddr[2],
141              macaddr[3], macaddr[4], macaddr[5]);
142 }
143 
144 static int mac_table[256] = {0};
145 
146 static void qemu_macaddr_set_used(MACAddr *macaddr)
147 {
148     int index;
149 
150     for (index = 0x56; index < 0xFF; index++) {
151         if (macaddr->a[5] == index) {
152             mac_table[index]++;
153         }
154     }
155 }
156 
157 static void qemu_macaddr_set_free(MACAddr *macaddr)
158 {
159     int index;
160     static const MACAddr base = { .a = { 0x52, 0x54, 0x00, 0x12, 0x34, 0 } };
161 
162     if (memcmp(macaddr->a, &base.a, (sizeof(base.a) - 1)) != 0) {
163         return;
164     }
165     for (index = 0x56; index < 0xFF; index++) {
166         if (macaddr->a[5] == index) {
167             mac_table[index]--;
168         }
169     }
170 }
171 
172 static int qemu_macaddr_get_free(void)
173 {
174     int index;
175 
176     for (index = 0x56; index < 0xFF; index++) {
177         if (mac_table[index] == 0) {
178             return index;
179         }
180     }
181 
182     return -1;
183 }
184 
185 void qemu_macaddr_default_if_unset(MACAddr *macaddr)
186 {
187     static const MACAddr zero = { .a = { 0,0,0,0,0,0 } };
188     static const MACAddr base = { .a = { 0x52, 0x54, 0x00, 0x12, 0x34, 0 } };
189 
190     if (memcmp(macaddr, &zero, sizeof(zero)) != 0) {
191         if (memcmp(macaddr->a, &base.a, (sizeof(base.a) - 1)) != 0) {
192             return;
193         } else {
194             qemu_macaddr_set_used(macaddr);
195             return;
196         }
197     }
198 
199     macaddr->a[0] = 0x52;
200     macaddr->a[1] = 0x54;
201     macaddr->a[2] = 0x00;
202     macaddr->a[3] = 0x12;
203     macaddr->a[4] = 0x34;
204     macaddr->a[5] = qemu_macaddr_get_free();
205     qemu_macaddr_set_used(macaddr);
206 }
207 
208 /**
209  * Generate a name for net client
210  *
211  * Only net clients created with the legacy -net option and NICs need this.
212  */
213 static char *assign_name(NetClientState *nc1, const char *model)
214 {
215     NetClientState *nc;
216     int id = 0;
217 
218     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
219         if (nc == nc1) {
220             continue;
221         }
222         if (strcmp(nc->model, model) == 0) {
223             id++;
224         }
225     }
226 
227     return g_strdup_printf("%s.%d", model, id);
228 }
229 
230 static void qemu_net_client_destructor(NetClientState *nc)
231 {
232     g_free(nc);
233 }
234 
235 static void qemu_net_client_setup(NetClientState *nc,
236                                   NetClientInfo *info,
237                                   NetClientState *peer,
238                                   const char *model,
239                                   const char *name,
240                                   NetClientDestructor *destructor)
241 {
242     nc->info = info;
243     nc->model = g_strdup(model);
244     if (name) {
245         nc->name = g_strdup(name);
246     } else {
247         nc->name = assign_name(nc, model);
248     }
249 
250     if (peer) {
251         assert(!peer->peer);
252         nc->peer = peer;
253         peer->peer = nc;
254     }
255     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&net_clients, nc, next);
256 
257     nc->incoming_queue = qemu_new_net_queue(qemu_deliver_packet_iov, nc);
258     nc->destructor = destructor;
259     QTAILQ_INIT(&nc->filters);
260 }
261 
262 NetClientState *qemu_new_net_client(NetClientInfo *info,
263                                     NetClientState *peer,
264                                     const char *model,
265                                     const char *name)
266 {
267     NetClientState *nc;
268 
269     assert(info->size >= sizeof(NetClientState));
270 
271     nc = g_malloc0(info->size);
272     qemu_net_client_setup(nc, info, peer, model, name,
273                           qemu_net_client_destructor);
274 
275     return nc;
276 }
277 
278 NICState *qemu_new_nic(NetClientInfo *info,
279                        NICConf *conf,
280                        const char *model,
281                        const char *name,
282                        void *opaque)
283 {
284     NetClientState **peers = conf->peers.ncs;
285     NICState *nic;
286     int i, queues = MAX(1, conf->peers.queues);
287 
288     assert(info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC);
289     assert(info->size >= sizeof(NICState));
290 
291     nic = g_malloc0(info->size + sizeof(NetClientState) * queues);
292     nic->ncs = (void *)nic + info->size;
293     nic->conf = conf;
294     nic->opaque = opaque;
295 
296     for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
297         qemu_net_client_setup(&nic->ncs[i], info, peers[i], model, name,
298                               NULL);
299         nic->ncs[i].queue_index = i;
300     }
301 
302     return nic;
303 }
304 
305 NetClientState *qemu_get_subqueue(NICState *nic, int queue_index)
306 {
307     return nic->ncs + queue_index;
308 }
309 
310 NetClientState *qemu_get_queue(NICState *nic)
311 {
312     return qemu_get_subqueue(nic, 0);
313 }
314 
315 NICState *qemu_get_nic(NetClientState *nc)
316 {
317     NetClientState *nc0 = nc - nc->queue_index;
318 
319     return (NICState *)((void *)nc0 - nc->info->size);
320 }
321 
322 void *qemu_get_nic_opaque(NetClientState *nc)
323 {
324     NICState *nic = qemu_get_nic(nc);
325 
326     return nic->opaque;
327 }
328 
329 static void qemu_cleanup_net_client(NetClientState *nc)
330 {
331     QTAILQ_REMOVE(&net_clients, nc, next);
332 
333     if (nc->info->cleanup) {
334         nc->info->cleanup(nc);
335     }
336 }
337 
338 static void qemu_free_net_client(NetClientState *nc)
339 {
340     if (nc->incoming_queue) {
341         qemu_del_net_queue(nc->incoming_queue);
342     }
343     if (nc->peer) {
344         nc->peer->peer = NULL;
345     }
346     g_free(nc->name);
347     g_free(nc->model);
348     if (nc->destructor) {
349         nc->destructor(nc);
350     }
351 }
352 
353 void qemu_del_net_client(NetClientState *nc)
354 {
355     NetClientState *ncs[MAX_QUEUE_NUM];
356     int queues, i;
357     NetFilterState *nf, *next;
358 
359     assert(nc->info->type != NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC);
360 
361     /* If the NetClientState belongs to a multiqueue backend, we will change all
362      * other NetClientStates also.
363      */
364     queues = qemu_find_net_clients_except(nc->name, ncs,
365                                           NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC,
366                                           MAX_QUEUE_NUM);
367     assert(queues != 0);
368 
369     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(nf, &nc->filters, next, next) {
370         object_unparent(OBJECT(nf));
371     }
372 
373     /* If there is a peer NIC, delete and cleanup client, but do not free. */
374     if (nc->peer && nc->peer->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
375         NICState *nic = qemu_get_nic(nc->peer);
376         if (nic->peer_deleted) {
377             return;
378         }
379         nic->peer_deleted = true;
380 
381         for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
382             ncs[i]->peer->link_down = true;
383         }
384 
385         if (nc->peer->info->link_status_changed) {
386             nc->peer->info->link_status_changed(nc->peer);
387         }
388 
389         for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
390             qemu_cleanup_net_client(ncs[i]);
391         }
392 
393         return;
394     }
395 
396     for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
397         qemu_cleanup_net_client(ncs[i]);
398         qemu_free_net_client(ncs[i]);
399     }
400 }
401 
402 void qemu_del_nic(NICState *nic)
403 {
404     int i, queues = MAX(nic->conf->peers.queues, 1);
405 
406     qemu_macaddr_set_free(&nic->conf->macaddr);
407 
408     /* If this is a peer NIC and peer has already been deleted, free it now. */
409     if (nic->peer_deleted) {
410         for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
411             qemu_free_net_client(qemu_get_subqueue(nic, i)->peer);
412         }
413     }
414 
415     for (i = queues - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
416         NetClientState *nc = qemu_get_subqueue(nic, i);
417 
418         qemu_cleanup_net_client(nc);
419         qemu_free_net_client(nc);
420     }
421 
422     g_free(nic);
423 }
424 
425 void qemu_foreach_nic(qemu_nic_foreach func, void *opaque)
426 {
427     NetClientState *nc;
428 
429     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
430         if (nc->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
431             if (nc->queue_index == 0) {
432                 func(qemu_get_nic(nc), opaque);
433             }
434         }
435     }
436 }
437 
438 bool qemu_has_ufo(NetClientState *nc)
439 {
440     if (!nc || !nc->info->has_ufo) {
441         return false;
442     }
443 
444     return nc->info->has_ufo(nc);
445 }
446 
447 bool qemu_has_vnet_hdr(NetClientState *nc)
448 {
449     if (!nc || !nc->info->has_vnet_hdr) {
450         return false;
451     }
452 
453     return nc->info->has_vnet_hdr(nc);
454 }
455 
456 bool qemu_has_vnet_hdr_len(NetClientState *nc, int len)
457 {
458     if (!nc || !nc->info->has_vnet_hdr_len) {
459         return false;
460     }
461 
462     return nc->info->has_vnet_hdr_len(nc, len);
463 }
464 
465 void qemu_using_vnet_hdr(NetClientState *nc, bool enable)
466 {
467     if (!nc || !nc->info->using_vnet_hdr) {
468         return;
469     }
470 
471     nc->info->using_vnet_hdr(nc, enable);
472 }
473 
474 void qemu_set_offload(NetClientState *nc, int csum, int tso4, int tso6,
475                           int ecn, int ufo)
476 {
477     if (!nc || !nc->info->set_offload) {
478         return;
479     }
480 
481     nc->info->set_offload(nc, csum, tso4, tso6, ecn, ufo);
482 }
483 
484 void qemu_set_vnet_hdr_len(NetClientState *nc, int len)
485 {
486     if (!nc || !nc->info->set_vnet_hdr_len) {
487         return;
488     }
489 
490     nc->vnet_hdr_len = len;
491     nc->info->set_vnet_hdr_len(nc, len);
492 }
493 
494 int qemu_set_vnet_le(NetClientState *nc, bool is_le)
495 {
496 #ifdef HOST_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
497     if (!nc || !nc->info->set_vnet_le) {
498         return -ENOSYS;
499     }
500 
501     return nc->info->set_vnet_le(nc, is_le);
502 #else
503     return 0;
504 #endif
505 }
506 
507 int qemu_set_vnet_be(NetClientState *nc, bool is_be)
508 {
509 #ifdef HOST_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
510     return 0;
511 #else
512     if (!nc || !nc->info->set_vnet_be) {
513         return -ENOSYS;
514     }
515 
516     return nc->info->set_vnet_be(nc, is_be);
517 #endif
518 }
519 
520 int qemu_can_send_packet(NetClientState *sender)
521 {
522     int vm_running = runstate_is_running();
523 
524     if (!vm_running) {
525         return 0;
526     }
527 
528     if (!sender->peer) {
529         return 1;
530     }
531 
532     if (sender->peer->receive_disabled) {
533         return 0;
534     } else if (sender->peer->info->can_receive &&
535                !sender->peer->info->can_receive(sender->peer)) {
536         return 0;
537     }
538     return 1;
539 }
540 
541 static ssize_t filter_receive_iov(NetClientState *nc,
542                                   NetFilterDirection direction,
543                                   NetClientState *sender,
544                                   unsigned flags,
545                                   const struct iovec *iov,
546                                   int iovcnt,
547                                   NetPacketSent *sent_cb)
548 {
549     ssize_t ret = 0;
550     NetFilterState *nf = NULL;
551 
552     if (direction == NET_FILTER_DIRECTION_TX) {
553         QTAILQ_FOREACH(nf, &nc->filters, next) {
554             ret = qemu_netfilter_receive(nf, direction, sender, flags, iov,
555                                          iovcnt, sent_cb);
556             if (ret) {
557                 return ret;
558             }
559         }
560     } else {
561         QTAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(nf, &nc->filters, NetFilterHead, next) {
562             ret = qemu_netfilter_receive(nf, direction, sender, flags, iov,
563                                          iovcnt, sent_cb);
564             if (ret) {
565                 return ret;
566             }
567         }
568     }
569 
570     return ret;
571 }
572 
573 static ssize_t filter_receive(NetClientState *nc,
574                               NetFilterDirection direction,
575                               NetClientState *sender,
576                               unsigned flags,
577                               const uint8_t *data,
578                               size_t size,
579                               NetPacketSent *sent_cb)
580 {
581     struct iovec iov = {
582         .iov_base = (void *)data,
583         .iov_len = size
584     };
585 
586     return filter_receive_iov(nc, direction, sender, flags, &iov, 1, sent_cb);
587 }
588 
589 void qemu_purge_queued_packets(NetClientState *nc)
590 {
591     if (!nc->peer) {
592         return;
593     }
594 
595     qemu_net_queue_purge(nc->peer->incoming_queue, nc);
596 }
597 
598 void qemu_flush_or_purge_queued_packets(NetClientState *nc, bool purge)
599 {
600     nc->receive_disabled = 0;
601 
602     if (nc->peer && nc->peer->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_HUBPORT) {
603         if (net_hub_flush(nc->peer)) {
604             qemu_notify_event();
605         }
606     }
607     if (qemu_net_queue_flush(nc->incoming_queue)) {
608         /* We emptied the queue successfully, signal to the IO thread to repoll
609          * the file descriptor (for tap, for example).
610          */
611         qemu_notify_event();
612     } else if (purge) {
613         /* Unable to empty the queue, purge remaining packets */
614         qemu_net_queue_purge(nc->incoming_queue, nc);
615     }
616 }
617 
618 void qemu_flush_queued_packets(NetClientState *nc)
619 {
620     qemu_flush_or_purge_queued_packets(nc, false);
621 }
622 
623 static ssize_t qemu_send_packet_async_with_flags(NetClientState *sender,
624                                                  unsigned flags,
625                                                  const uint8_t *buf, int size,
626                                                  NetPacketSent *sent_cb)
627 {
628     NetQueue *queue;
629     int ret;
630 
631 #ifdef DEBUG_NET
632     printf("qemu_send_packet_async:\n");
633     qemu_hexdump((const char *)buf, stdout, "net", size);
634 #endif
635 
636     if (sender->link_down || !sender->peer) {
637         return size;
638     }
639 
640     /* Let filters handle the packet first */
641     ret = filter_receive(sender, NET_FILTER_DIRECTION_TX,
642                          sender, flags, buf, size, sent_cb);
643     if (ret) {
644         return ret;
645     }
646 
647     ret = filter_receive(sender->peer, NET_FILTER_DIRECTION_RX,
648                          sender, flags, buf, size, sent_cb);
649     if (ret) {
650         return ret;
651     }
652 
653     queue = sender->peer->incoming_queue;
654 
655     return qemu_net_queue_send(queue, sender, flags, buf, size, sent_cb);
656 }
657 
658 ssize_t qemu_send_packet_async(NetClientState *sender,
659                                const uint8_t *buf, int size,
660                                NetPacketSent *sent_cb)
661 {
662     return qemu_send_packet_async_with_flags(sender, QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_NONE,
663                                              buf, size, sent_cb);
664 }
665 
666 void qemu_send_packet(NetClientState *nc, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
667 {
668     qemu_send_packet_async(nc, buf, size, NULL);
669 }
670 
671 ssize_t qemu_send_packet_raw(NetClientState *nc, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
672 {
673     return qemu_send_packet_async_with_flags(nc, QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_RAW,
674                                              buf, size, NULL);
675 }
676 
677 static ssize_t nc_sendv_compat(NetClientState *nc, const struct iovec *iov,
678                                int iovcnt, unsigned flags)
679 {
680     uint8_t *buf = NULL;
681     uint8_t *buffer;
682     size_t offset;
683     ssize_t ret;
684 
685     if (iovcnt == 1) {
686         buffer = iov[0].iov_base;
687         offset = iov[0].iov_len;
688     } else {
689         offset = iov_size(iov, iovcnt);
690         if (offset > NET_BUFSIZE) {
691             return -1;
692         }
693         buf = g_malloc(offset);
694         buffer = buf;
695         offset = iov_to_buf(iov, iovcnt, 0, buf, offset);
696     }
697 
698     if (flags & QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_RAW && nc->info->receive_raw) {
699         ret = nc->info->receive_raw(nc, buffer, offset);
700     } else {
701         ret = nc->info->receive(nc, buffer, offset);
702     }
703 
704     g_free(buf);
705     return ret;
706 }
707 
708 ssize_t qemu_deliver_packet_iov(NetClientState *sender,
709                                 unsigned flags,
710                                 const struct iovec *iov,
711                                 int iovcnt,
712                                 void *opaque)
713 {
714     NetClientState *nc = opaque;
715     int ret;
716 
717     if (nc->link_down) {
718         return iov_size(iov, iovcnt);
719     }
720 
721     if (nc->receive_disabled) {
722         return 0;
723     }
724 
725     if (nc->info->receive_iov && !(flags & QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_RAW)) {
726         ret = nc->info->receive_iov(nc, iov, iovcnt);
727     } else {
728         ret = nc_sendv_compat(nc, iov, iovcnt, flags);
729     }
730 
731     if (ret == 0) {
732         nc->receive_disabled = 1;
733     }
734 
735     return ret;
736 }
737 
738 ssize_t qemu_sendv_packet_async(NetClientState *sender,
739                                 const struct iovec *iov, int iovcnt,
740                                 NetPacketSent *sent_cb)
741 {
742     NetQueue *queue;
743     int ret;
744 
745     if (sender->link_down || !sender->peer) {
746         return iov_size(iov, iovcnt);
747     }
748 
749     /* Let filters handle the packet first */
750     ret = filter_receive_iov(sender, NET_FILTER_DIRECTION_TX, sender,
751                              QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_NONE, iov, iovcnt, sent_cb);
752     if (ret) {
753         return ret;
754     }
755 
756     ret = filter_receive_iov(sender->peer, NET_FILTER_DIRECTION_RX, sender,
757                              QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_NONE, iov, iovcnt, sent_cb);
758     if (ret) {
759         return ret;
760     }
761 
762     queue = sender->peer->incoming_queue;
763 
764     return qemu_net_queue_send_iov(queue, sender,
765                                    QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_NONE,
766                                    iov, iovcnt, sent_cb);
767 }
768 
769 ssize_t
770 qemu_sendv_packet(NetClientState *nc, const struct iovec *iov, int iovcnt)
771 {
772     return qemu_sendv_packet_async(nc, iov, iovcnt, NULL);
773 }
774 
775 NetClientState *qemu_find_netdev(const char *id)
776 {
777     NetClientState *nc;
778 
779     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
780         if (nc->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC)
781             continue;
782         if (!strcmp(nc->name, id)) {
783             return nc;
784         }
785     }
786 
787     return NULL;
788 }
789 
790 int qemu_find_net_clients_except(const char *id, NetClientState **ncs,
791                                  NetClientDriver type, int max)
792 {
793     NetClientState *nc;
794     int ret = 0;
795 
796     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
797         if (nc->info->type == type) {
798             continue;
799         }
800         if (!id || !strcmp(nc->name, id)) {
801             if (ret < max) {
802                 ncs[ret] = nc;
803             }
804             ret++;
805         }
806     }
807 
808     return ret;
809 }
810 
811 static int nic_get_free_idx(void)
812 {
813     int index;
814 
815     for (index = 0; index < MAX_NICS; index++)
816         if (!nd_table[index].used)
817             return index;
818     return -1;
819 }
820 
821 int qemu_show_nic_models(const char *arg, const char *const *models)
822 {
823     int i;
824 
825     if (!arg || !is_help_option(arg)) {
826         return 0;
827     }
828 
829     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Supported NIC models: ");
830     for (i = 0 ; models[i]; i++)
831         fprintf(stderr, "%s%c", models[i], models[i+1] ? ',' : '\n');
832     return 1;
833 }
834 
835 void qemu_check_nic_model(NICInfo *nd, const char *model)
836 {
837     const char *models[2];
838 
839     models[0] = model;
840     models[1] = NULL;
841 
842     if (qemu_show_nic_models(nd->model, models))
843         exit(0);
844     if (qemu_find_nic_model(nd, models, model) < 0)
845         exit(1);
846 }
847 
848 int qemu_find_nic_model(NICInfo *nd, const char * const *models,
849                         const char *default_model)
850 {
851     int i;
852 
853     if (!nd->model)
854         nd->model = g_strdup(default_model);
855 
856     for (i = 0 ; models[i]; i++) {
857         if (strcmp(nd->model, models[i]) == 0)
858             return i;
859     }
860 
861     error_report("Unsupported NIC model: %s", nd->model);
862     return -1;
863 }
864 
865 static int net_init_nic(const Netdev *netdev, const char *name,
866                         NetClientState *peer, Error **errp)
867 {
868     int idx;
869     NICInfo *nd;
870     const NetLegacyNicOptions *nic;
871 
872     assert(netdev->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC);
873     nic = &netdev->u.nic;
874 
875     idx = nic_get_free_idx();
876     if (idx == -1 || nb_nics >= MAX_NICS) {
877         error_setg(errp, "too many NICs");
878         return -1;
879     }
880 
881     nd = &nd_table[idx];
882 
883     memset(nd, 0, sizeof(*nd));
884 
885     if (nic->has_netdev) {
886         nd->netdev = qemu_find_netdev(nic->netdev);
887         if (!nd->netdev) {
888             error_setg(errp, "netdev '%s' not found", nic->netdev);
889             return -1;
890         }
891     } else {
892         assert(peer);
893         nd->netdev = peer;
894     }
895     nd->name = g_strdup(name);
896     if (nic->has_model) {
897         nd->model = g_strdup(nic->model);
898     }
899     if (nic->has_addr) {
900         nd->devaddr = g_strdup(nic->addr);
901     }
902 
903     if (nic->has_macaddr &&
904         net_parse_macaddr(nd->macaddr.a, nic->macaddr) < 0) {
905         error_setg(errp, "invalid syntax for ethernet address");
906         return -1;
907     }
908     if (nic->has_macaddr &&
909         is_multicast_ether_addr(nd->macaddr.a)) {
910         error_setg(errp,
911                    "NIC cannot have multicast MAC address (odd 1st byte)");
912         return -1;
913     }
914     qemu_macaddr_default_if_unset(&nd->macaddr);
915 
916     if (nic->has_vectors) {
917         if (nic->vectors > 0x7ffffff) {
918             error_setg(errp, "invalid # of vectors: %"PRIu32, nic->vectors);
919             return -1;
920         }
921         nd->nvectors = nic->vectors;
922     } else {
923         nd->nvectors = DEV_NVECTORS_UNSPECIFIED;
924     }
925 
926     nd->used = 1;
927     nb_nics++;
928 
929     return idx;
930 }
931 
932 
933 static int (* const net_client_init_fun[NET_CLIENT_DRIVER__MAX])(
934     const Netdev *netdev,
935     const char *name,
936     NetClientState *peer, Error **errp) = {
937         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC]       = net_init_nic,
938 #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
939         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_USER]      = net_init_slirp,
940 #endif
941         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_TAP]       = net_init_tap,
942         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_SOCKET]    = net_init_socket,
943 #ifdef CONFIG_VDE
944         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_VDE]       = net_init_vde,
945 #endif
946 #ifdef CONFIG_NETMAP
947         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NETMAP]    = net_init_netmap,
948 #endif
949 #ifdef CONFIG_NET_BRIDGE
950         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_BRIDGE]    = net_init_bridge,
951 #endif
952         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_HUBPORT]   = net_init_hubport,
953 #ifdef CONFIG_VHOST_NET_USED
954         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_VHOST_USER] = net_init_vhost_user,
955 #endif
956 #ifdef CONFIG_L2TPV3
957         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_L2TPV3]    = net_init_l2tpv3,
958 #endif
959 };
960 
961 
962 static int net_client_init1(const void *object, bool is_netdev, Error **errp)
963 {
964     Netdev legacy = {0};
965     const Netdev *netdev;
966     const char *name;
967     NetClientState *peer = NULL;
968     static bool vlan_warned;
969 
970     if (is_netdev) {
971         netdev = object;
972         name = netdev->id;
973 
974         if (netdev->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC ||
975             !net_client_init_fun[netdev->type]) {
976             error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "type",
977                        "a netdev backend type");
978             return -1;
979         }
980     } else {
981         const NetLegacy *net = object;
982         const NetLegacyOptions *opts = net->opts;
983         legacy.id = net->id;
984         netdev = &legacy;
985         /* missing optional values have been initialized to "all bits zero" */
986         name = net->has_id ? net->id : net->name;
987 
988         /* Map the old options to the new flat type */
989         switch (opts->type) {
990         case NET_LEGACY_OPTIONS_TYPE_NONE:
991             return 0; /* nothing to do */
992         case NET_LEGACY_OPTIONS_TYPE_NIC:
993             legacy.type = NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC;
994             legacy.u.nic = opts->u.nic;
995             break;
996         case NET_LEGACY_OPTIONS_TYPE_USER:
997             legacy.type = NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_USER;
998             legacy.u.user = opts->u.user;
999             break;
1000         case NET_LEGACY_OPTIONS_TYPE_TAP:
1001             legacy.type = NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_TAP;
1002             legacy.u.tap = opts->u.tap;
1003             break;
1004         case NET_LEGACY_OPTIONS_TYPE_L2TPV3:
1005             legacy.type = NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_L2TPV3;
1006             legacy.u.l2tpv3 = opts->u.l2tpv3;
1007             break;
1008         case NET_LEGACY_OPTIONS_TYPE_SOCKET:
1009             legacy.type = NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_SOCKET;
1010             legacy.u.socket = opts->u.socket;
1011             break;
1012         case NET_LEGACY_OPTIONS_TYPE_VDE:
1013             legacy.type = NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_VDE;
1014             legacy.u.vde = opts->u.vde;
1015             break;
1016         case NET_LEGACY_OPTIONS_TYPE_BRIDGE:
1017             legacy.type = NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_BRIDGE;
1018             legacy.u.bridge = opts->u.bridge;
1019             break;
1020         case NET_LEGACY_OPTIONS_TYPE_NETMAP:
1021             legacy.type = NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NETMAP;
1022             legacy.u.netmap = opts->u.netmap;
1023             break;
1024         case NET_LEGACY_OPTIONS_TYPE_VHOST_USER:
1025             legacy.type = NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_VHOST_USER;
1026             legacy.u.vhost_user = opts->u.vhost_user;
1027             break;
1028         default:
1029             abort();
1030         }
1031 
1032         if (!net_client_init_fun[netdev->type]) {
1033             error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "type",
1034                        "a net backend type (maybe it is not compiled "
1035                        "into this binary)");
1036             return -1;
1037         }
1038 
1039         /* Do not add to a vlan if it's a nic with a netdev= parameter. */
1040         if (netdev->type != NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC ||
1041             !opts->u.nic.has_netdev) {
1042             peer = net_hub_add_port(net->has_vlan ? net->vlan : 0, NULL, NULL);
1043         }
1044 
1045         if (net->has_vlan && !vlan_warned) {
1046             error_report("'vlan' is deprecated. Please use 'netdev' instead.");
1047             vlan_warned = true;
1048         }
1049     }
1050 
1051     if (net_client_init_fun[netdev->type](netdev, name, peer, errp) < 0) {
1052         /* FIXME drop when all init functions store an Error */
1053         if (errp && !*errp) {
1054             error_setg(errp, QERR_DEVICE_INIT_FAILED,
1055                        NetClientDriver_str(netdev->type));
1056         }
1057         return -1;
1058     }
1059     return 0;
1060 }
1061 
1062 static void show_netdevs(void)
1063 {
1064     int idx;
1065     const char *available_netdevs[] = {
1066         "socket",
1067         "hubport",
1068         "tap",
1069 #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
1070         "user",
1071 #endif
1072 #ifdef CONFIG_L2TPV3
1073         "l2tpv3",
1074 #endif
1075 #ifdef CONFIG_VDE
1076         "vde",
1077 #endif
1078 #ifdef CONFIG_NET_BRIDGE
1079         "bridge",
1080 #endif
1081 #ifdef CONFIG_NETMAP
1082         "netmap",
1083 #endif
1084 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
1085         "vhost-user",
1086 #endif
1087     };
1088 
1089     printf("Available netdev backend types:\n");
1090     for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(available_netdevs); idx++) {
1091         puts(available_netdevs[idx]);
1092     }
1093 }
1094 
1095 static int net_client_init(QemuOpts *opts, bool is_netdev, Error **errp)
1096 {
1097     void *object = NULL;
1098     Error *err = NULL;
1099     int ret = -1;
1100     Visitor *v = opts_visitor_new(opts);
1101 
1102     if (is_netdev && is_help_option(qemu_opt_get(opts, "type"))) {
1103         show_netdevs();
1104         exit(0);
1105     } else {
1106         /* Parse convenience option format ip6-net=fec0::0[/64] */
1107         const char *ip6_net = qemu_opt_get(opts, "ipv6-net");
1108 
1109         if (ip6_net) {
1110             char buf[strlen(ip6_net) + 1];
1111 
1112             if (get_str_sep(buf, sizeof(buf), &ip6_net, '/') < 0) {
1113                 /* Default 64bit prefix length.  */
1114                 qemu_opt_set(opts, "ipv6-prefix", ip6_net, &error_abort);
1115                 qemu_opt_set_number(opts, "ipv6-prefixlen", 64, &error_abort);
1116             } else {
1117                 /* User-specified prefix length.  */
1118                 unsigned long len;
1119                 int err;
1120 
1121                 qemu_opt_set(opts, "ipv6-prefix", buf, &error_abort);
1122                 err = qemu_strtoul(ip6_net, NULL, 10, &len);
1123 
1124                 if (err) {
1125                     error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE,
1126                               "ipv6-prefix", "a number");
1127                 } else {
1128                     qemu_opt_set_number(opts, "ipv6-prefixlen", len,
1129                                         &error_abort);
1130                 }
1131             }
1132             qemu_opt_unset(opts, "ipv6-net");
1133         }
1134     }
1135 
1136     if (is_netdev) {
1137         visit_type_Netdev(v, NULL, (Netdev **)&object, &err);
1138     } else {
1139         visit_type_NetLegacy(v, NULL, (NetLegacy **)&object, &err);
1140     }
1141 
1142     if (!err) {
1143         ret = net_client_init1(object, is_netdev, &err);
1144     }
1145 
1146     if (is_netdev) {
1147         qapi_free_Netdev(object);
1148     } else {
1149         qapi_free_NetLegacy(object);
1150     }
1151 
1152     error_propagate(errp, err);
1153     visit_free(v);
1154     return ret;
1155 }
1156 
1157 void netdev_add(QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1158 {
1159     net_client_init(opts, true, errp);
1160 }
1161 
1162 void qmp_netdev_add(QDict *qdict, QObject **ret, Error **errp)
1163 {
1164     Error *local_err = NULL;
1165     QemuOptsList *opts_list;
1166     QemuOpts *opts;
1167 
1168     opts_list = qemu_find_opts_err("netdev", &local_err);
1169     if (local_err) {
1170         goto out;
1171     }
1172 
1173     opts = qemu_opts_from_qdict(opts_list, qdict, &local_err);
1174     if (local_err) {
1175         goto out;
1176     }
1177 
1178     netdev_add(opts, &local_err);
1179     if (local_err) {
1180         qemu_opts_del(opts);
1181         goto out;
1182     }
1183 
1184 out:
1185     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1186 }
1187 
1188 void qmp_netdev_del(const char *id, Error **errp)
1189 {
1190     NetClientState *nc;
1191     QemuOpts *opts;
1192 
1193     nc = qemu_find_netdev(id);
1194     if (!nc) {
1195         error_set(errp, ERROR_CLASS_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND,
1196                   "Device '%s' not found", id);
1197         return;
1198     }
1199 
1200     opts = qemu_opts_find(qemu_find_opts_err("netdev", NULL), id);
1201     if (!opts) {
1202         error_setg(errp, "Device '%s' is not a netdev", id);
1203         return;
1204     }
1205 
1206     qemu_del_net_client(nc);
1207     qemu_opts_del(opts);
1208 }
1209 
1210 static void netfilter_print_info(Monitor *mon, NetFilterState *nf)
1211 {
1212     char *str;
1213     ObjectProperty *prop;
1214     ObjectPropertyIterator iter;
1215     Visitor *v;
1216 
1217     /* generate info str */
1218     object_property_iter_init(&iter, OBJECT(nf));
1219     while ((prop = object_property_iter_next(&iter))) {
1220         if (!strcmp(prop->name, "type")) {
1221             continue;
1222         }
1223         v = string_output_visitor_new(false, &str);
1224         object_property_get(OBJECT(nf), v, prop->name, NULL);
1225         visit_complete(v, &str);
1226         visit_free(v);
1227         monitor_printf(mon, ",%s=%s", prop->name, str);
1228         g_free(str);
1229     }
1230     monitor_printf(mon, "\n");
1231 }
1232 
1233 void print_net_client(Monitor *mon, NetClientState *nc)
1234 {
1235     NetFilterState *nf;
1236 
1237     monitor_printf(mon, "%s: index=%d,type=%s,%s\n", nc->name,
1238                    nc->queue_index,
1239                    NetClientDriver_str(nc->info->type),
1240                    nc->info_str);
1241     if (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&nc->filters)) {
1242         monitor_printf(mon, "filters:\n");
1243     }
1244     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nf, &nc->filters, next) {
1245         char *path = object_get_canonical_path_component(OBJECT(nf));
1246 
1247         monitor_printf(mon, "  - %s: type=%s", path,
1248                        object_get_typename(OBJECT(nf)));
1249         netfilter_print_info(mon, nf);
1250         g_free(path);
1251     }
1252 }
1253 
1254 RxFilterInfoList *qmp_query_rx_filter(bool has_name, const char *name,
1255                                       Error **errp)
1256 {
1257     NetClientState *nc;
1258     RxFilterInfoList *filter_list = NULL, *last_entry = NULL;
1259 
1260     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
1261         RxFilterInfoList *entry;
1262         RxFilterInfo *info;
1263 
1264         if (has_name && strcmp(nc->name, name) != 0) {
1265             continue;
1266         }
1267 
1268         /* only query rx-filter information of NIC */
1269         if (nc->info->type != NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
1270             if (has_name) {
1271                 error_setg(errp, "net client(%s) isn't a NIC", name);
1272                 return NULL;
1273             }
1274             continue;
1275         }
1276 
1277         /* only query information on queue 0 since the info is per nic,
1278          * not per queue
1279          */
1280         if (nc->queue_index != 0)
1281             continue;
1282 
1283         if (nc->info->query_rx_filter) {
1284             info = nc->info->query_rx_filter(nc);
1285             entry = g_malloc0(sizeof(*entry));
1286             entry->value = info;
1287 
1288             if (!filter_list) {
1289                 filter_list = entry;
1290             } else {
1291                 last_entry->next = entry;
1292             }
1293             last_entry = entry;
1294         } else if (has_name) {
1295             error_setg(errp, "net client(%s) doesn't support"
1296                        " rx-filter querying", name);
1297             return NULL;
1298         }
1299 
1300         if (has_name) {
1301             break;
1302         }
1303     }
1304 
1305     if (filter_list == NULL && has_name) {
1306         error_setg(errp, "invalid net client name: %s", name);
1307     }
1308 
1309     return filter_list;
1310 }
1311 
1312 void hmp_info_network(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
1313 {
1314     NetClientState *nc, *peer;
1315     NetClientDriver type;
1316 
1317     net_hub_info(mon);
1318 
1319     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
1320         peer = nc->peer;
1321         type = nc->info->type;
1322 
1323         /* Skip if already printed in hub info */
1324         if (net_hub_id_for_client(nc, NULL) == 0) {
1325             continue;
1326         }
1327 
1328         if (!peer || type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
1329             print_net_client(mon, nc);
1330         } /* else it's a netdev connected to a NIC, printed with the NIC */
1331         if (peer && type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
1332             monitor_printf(mon, " \\ ");
1333             print_net_client(mon, peer);
1334         }
1335     }
1336 }
1337 
1338 void qmp_set_link(const char *name, bool up, Error **errp)
1339 {
1340     NetClientState *ncs[MAX_QUEUE_NUM];
1341     NetClientState *nc;
1342     int queues, i;
1343 
1344     queues = qemu_find_net_clients_except(name, ncs,
1345                                           NET_CLIENT_DRIVER__MAX,
1346                                           MAX_QUEUE_NUM);
1347 
1348     if (queues == 0) {
1349         error_set(errp, ERROR_CLASS_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND,
1350                   "Device '%s' not found", name);
1351         return;
1352     }
1353     nc = ncs[0];
1354 
1355     for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
1356         ncs[i]->link_down = !up;
1357     }
1358 
1359     if (nc->info->link_status_changed) {
1360         nc->info->link_status_changed(nc);
1361     }
1362 
1363     if (nc->peer) {
1364         /* Change peer link only if the peer is NIC and then notify peer.
1365          * If the peer is a HUBPORT or a backend, we do not change the
1366          * link status.
1367          *
1368          * This behavior is compatible with qemu vlans where there could be
1369          * multiple clients that can still communicate with each other in
1370          * disconnected mode. For now maintain this compatibility.
1371          */
1372         if (nc->peer->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
1373             for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
1374                 ncs[i]->peer->link_down = !up;
1375             }
1376         }
1377         if (nc->peer->info->link_status_changed) {
1378             nc->peer->info->link_status_changed(nc->peer);
1379         }
1380     }
1381 }
1382 
1383 static void net_vm_change_state_handler(void *opaque, int running,
1384                                         RunState state)
1385 {
1386     NetClientState *nc;
1387     NetClientState *tmp;
1388 
1389     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(nc, &net_clients, next, tmp) {
1390         if (running) {
1391             /* Flush queued packets and wake up backends. */
1392             if (nc->peer && qemu_can_send_packet(nc)) {
1393                 qemu_flush_queued_packets(nc->peer);
1394             }
1395         } else {
1396             /* Complete all queued packets, to guarantee we don't modify
1397              * state later when VM is not running.
1398              */
1399             qemu_flush_or_purge_queued_packets(nc, true);
1400         }
1401     }
1402 }
1403 
1404 void net_cleanup(void)
1405 {
1406     NetClientState *nc;
1407 
1408     /* We may del multiple entries during qemu_del_net_client(),
1409      * so QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE() is also not safe here.
1410      */
1411     while (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&net_clients)) {
1412         nc = QTAILQ_FIRST(&net_clients);
1413         if (nc->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
1414             qemu_del_nic(qemu_get_nic(nc));
1415         } else {
1416             qemu_del_net_client(nc);
1417         }
1418     }
1419 
1420     qemu_del_vm_change_state_handler(net_change_state_entry);
1421 }
1422 
1423 void net_check_clients(void)
1424 {
1425     NetClientState *nc;
1426     int i;
1427 
1428     net_hub_check_clients();
1429 
1430     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
1431         if (!nc->peer) {
1432             warn_report("%s %s has no peer",
1433                         nc->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC
1434                         ? "nic" : "netdev",
1435                         nc->name);
1436         }
1437     }
1438 
1439     /* Check that all NICs requested via -net nic actually got created.
1440      * NICs created via -device don't need to be checked here because
1441      * they are always instantiated.
1442      */
1443     for (i = 0; i < MAX_NICS; i++) {
1444         NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
1445         if (nd->used && !nd->instantiated) {
1446             warn_report("requested NIC (%s, model %s) "
1447                         "was not created (not supported by this machine?)",
1448                         nd->name ? nd->name : "anonymous",
1449                         nd->model ? nd->model : "unspecified");
1450         }
1451     }
1452 }
1453 
1454 static int net_init_client(void *dummy, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1455 {
1456     return net_client_init(opts, false, errp);
1457 }
1458 
1459 static int net_init_netdev(void *dummy, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1460 {
1461     return net_client_init(opts, true, errp);
1462 }
1463 
1464 /* For the convenience "--nic" parameter */
1465 static int net_param_nic(void *dummy, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1466 {
1467     char *mac, *nd_id;
1468     int idx, ret;
1469     NICInfo *ni;
1470     const char *type;
1471 
1472     type = qemu_opt_get(opts, "type");
1473     if (type && g_str_equal(type, "none")) {
1474         return 0;    /* Nothing to do, default_net is cleared in vl.c */
1475     }
1476 
1477     idx = nic_get_free_idx();
1478     if (idx == -1 || nb_nics >= MAX_NICS) {
1479         error_setg(errp, "no more on-board/default NIC slots available");
1480         return -1;
1481     }
1482 
1483     if (!type) {
1484         qemu_opt_set(opts, "type", "user", &error_abort);
1485     }
1486 
1487     ni = &nd_table[idx];
1488     memset(ni, 0, sizeof(*ni));
1489     ni->model = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, "model");
1490 
1491     /* Create an ID if the user did not specify one */
1492     nd_id = g_strdup(qemu_opts_id(opts));
1493     if (!nd_id) {
1494         nd_id = g_strdup_printf("__org.qemu.nic%i\n", idx);
1495         qemu_opts_set_id(opts, nd_id);
1496     }
1497 
1498     /* Handle MAC address */
1499     mac = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, "mac");
1500     if (mac) {
1501         ret = net_parse_macaddr(ni->macaddr.a, mac);
1502         g_free(mac);
1503         if (ret) {
1504             error_setg(errp, "invalid syntax for ethernet address");
1505             return -1;
1506         }
1507         if (is_multicast_ether_addr(ni->macaddr.a)) {
1508             error_setg(errp, "NIC cannot have multicast MAC address");
1509             return -1;
1510         }
1511     }
1512     qemu_macaddr_default_if_unset(&ni->macaddr);
1513 
1514     ret = net_client_init(opts, true, errp);
1515     if (ret == 0) {
1516         ni->netdev = qemu_find_netdev(nd_id);
1517         ni->used = true;
1518         nb_nics++;
1519     }
1520 
1521     g_free(nd_id);
1522     return ret;
1523 }
1524 
1525 int net_init_clients(Error **errp)
1526 {
1527     net_change_state_entry =
1528         qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler(net_vm_change_state_handler, NULL);
1529 
1530     QTAILQ_INIT(&net_clients);
1531 
1532     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("netdev"),
1533                           net_init_netdev, NULL, errp)) {
1534         return -1;
1535     }
1536 
1537     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("nic"), net_param_nic, NULL, errp)) {
1538         return -1;
1539     }
1540 
1541     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("net"), net_init_client, NULL, errp)) {
1542         return -1;
1543     }
1544 
1545     return 0;
1546 }
1547 
1548 int net_client_parse(QemuOptsList *opts_list, const char *optarg)
1549 {
1550     if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(opts_list, optarg, true)) {
1551         return -1;
1552     }
1553 
1554     return 0;
1555 }
1556 
1557 /* From FreeBSD */
1558 /* XXX: optimize */
1559 uint32_t net_crc32(const uint8_t *p, int len)
1560 {
1561     uint32_t crc;
1562     int carry, i, j;
1563     uint8_t b;
1564 
1565     crc = 0xffffffff;
1566     for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1567         b = *p++;
1568         for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
1569             carry = ((crc & 0x80000000L) ? 1 : 0) ^ (b & 0x01);
1570             crc <<= 1;
1571             b >>= 1;
1572             if (carry) {
1573                 crc = ((crc ^ POLYNOMIAL_BE) | carry);
1574             }
1575         }
1576     }
1577 
1578     return crc;
1579 }
1580 
1581 uint32_t net_crc32_le(const uint8_t *p, int len)
1582 {
1583     uint32_t crc;
1584     int carry, i, j;
1585     uint8_t b;
1586 
1587     crc = 0xffffffff;
1588     for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1589         b = *p++;
1590         for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
1591             carry = (crc & 0x1) ^ (b & 0x01);
1592             crc >>= 1;
1593             b >>= 1;
1594             if (carry) {
1595                 crc ^= POLYNOMIAL_LE;
1596             }
1597         }
1598     }
1599 
1600     return crc;
1601 }
1602 
1603 QemuOptsList qemu_netdev_opts = {
1604     .name = "netdev",
1605     .implied_opt_name = "type",
1606     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_netdev_opts.head),
1607     .desc = {
1608         /*
1609          * no elements => accept any params
1610          * validation will happen later
1611          */
1612         { /* end of list */ }
1613     },
1614 };
1615 
1616 QemuOptsList qemu_nic_opts = {
1617     .name = "nic",
1618     .implied_opt_name = "type",
1619     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_nic_opts.head),
1620     .desc = {
1621         /*
1622          * no elements => accept any params
1623          * validation will happen later
1624          */
1625         { /* end of list */ }
1626     },
1627 };
1628 
1629 QemuOptsList qemu_net_opts = {
1630     .name = "net",
1631     .implied_opt_name = "type",
1632     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_net_opts.head),
1633     .desc = {
1634         /*
1635          * no elements => accept any params
1636          * validation will happen later
1637          */
1638         { /* end of list */ }
1639     },
1640 };
1641 
1642 void net_socket_rs_init(SocketReadState *rs,
1643                         SocketReadStateFinalize *finalize,
1644                         bool vnet_hdr)
1645 {
1646     rs->state = 0;
1647     rs->vnet_hdr = vnet_hdr;
1648     rs->index = 0;
1649     rs->packet_len = 0;
1650     rs->vnet_hdr_len = 0;
1651     memset(rs->buf, 0, sizeof(rs->buf));
1652     rs->finalize = finalize;
1653 }
1654 
1655 /*
1656  * Returns
1657  * 0: success
1658  * -1: error occurs
1659  */
1660 int net_fill_rstate(SocketReadState *rs, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
1661 {
1662     unsigned int l;
1663 
1664     while (size > 0) {
1665         /* Reassemble a packet from the network.
1666          * 0 = getting length.
1667          * 1 = getting vnet header length.
1668          * 2 = getting data.
1669          */
1670         switch (rs->state) {
1671         case 0:
1672             l = 4 - rs->index;
1673             if (l > size) {
1674                 l = size;
1675             }
1676             memcpy(rs->buf + rs->index, buf, l);
1677             buf += l;
1678             size -= l;
1679             rs->index += l;
1680             if (rs->index == 4) {
1681                 /* got length */
1682                 rs->packet_len = ntohl(*(uint32_t *)rs->buf);
1683                 rs->index = 0;
1684                 if (rs->vnet_hdr) {
1685                     rs->state = 1;
1686                 } else {
1687                     rs->state = 2;
1688                     rs->vnet_hdr_len = 0;
1689                 }
1690             }
1691             break;
1692         case 1:
1693             l = 4 - rs->index;
1694             if (l > size) {
1695                 l = size;
1696             }
1697             memcpy(rs->buf + rs->index, buf, l);
1698             buf += l;
1699             size -= l;
1700             rs->index += l;
1701             if (rs->index == 4) {
1702                 /* got vnet header length */
1703                 rs->vnet_hdr_len = ntohl(*(uint32_t *)rs->buf);
1704                 rs->index = 0;
1705                 rs->state = 2;
1706             }
1707             break;
1708         case 2:
1709             l = rs->packet_len - rs->index;
1710             if (l > size) {
1711                 l = size;
1712             }
1713             if (rs->index + l <= sizeof(rs->buf)) {
1714                 memcpy(rs->buf + rs->index, buf, l);
1715             } else {
1716                 fprintf(stderr, "serious error: oversized packet received,"
1717                     "connection terminated.\n");
1718                 rs->index = rs->state = 0;
1719                 return -1;
1720             }
1721 
1722             rs->index += l;
1723             buf += l;
1724             size -= l;
1725             if (rs->index >= rs->packet_len) {
1726                 rs->index = 0;
1727                 rs->state = 0;
1728                 assert(rs->finalize);
1729                 rs->finalize(rs);
1730             }
1731             break;
1732         }
1733     }
1734 
1735     assert(size == 0);
1736     return 0;
1737 }
1738