xref: /openbmc/qemu/nbd/server.c (revision ae3c12a0)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 2016-2018 Red Hat, Inc.
3  *  Copyright (C) 2005  Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
4  *
5  *  Network Block Device Server Side
6  *
7  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  *  the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
10  *
11  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
18  */
19 
20 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
21 #include "qapi/error.h"
22 #include "trace.h"
23 #include "nbd-internal.h"
24 
25 #define NBD_META_ID_BASE_ALLOCATION 0
26 #define NBD_META_ID_DIRTY_BITMAP 1
27 
28 /* NBD_MAX_BITMAP_EXTENTS: 1 mb of extents data. An empirical
29  * constant. If an increase is needed, note that the NBD protocol
30  * recommends no larger than 32 mb, so that the client won't consider
31  * the reply as a denial of service attack. */
32 #define NBD_MAX_BITMAP_EXTENTS (0x100000 / 8)
33 
34 static int system_errno_to_nbd_errno(int err)
35 {
36     switch (err) {
37     case 0:
38         return NBD_SUCCESS;
39     case EPERM:
40     case EROFS:
41         return NBD_EPERM;
42     case EIO:
43         return NBD_EIO;
44     case ENOMEM:
45         return NBD_ENOMEM;
46 #ifdef EDQUOT
47     case EDQUOT:
48 #endif
49     case EFBIG:
50     case ENOSPC:
51         return NBD_ENOSPC;
52     case EOVERFLOW:
53         return NBD_EOVERFLOW;
54     case ESHUTDOWN:
55         return NBD_ESHUTDOWN;
56     case EINVAL:
57     default:
58         return NBD_EINVAL;
59     }
60 }
61 
62 /* Definitions for opaque data types */
63 
64 typedef struct NBDRequestData NBDRequestData;
65 
66 struct NBDRequestData {
67     QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(NBDRequestData) entry;
68     NBDClient *client;
69     uint8_t *data;
70     bool complete;
71 };
72 
73 struct NBDExport {
74     int refcount;
75     void (*close)(NBDExport *exp);
76 
77     BlockBackend *blk;
78     char *name;
79     char *description;
80     uint64_t dev_offset;
81     uint64_t size;
82     uint16_t nbdflags;
83     QTAILQ_HEAD(, NBDClient) clients;
84     QTAILQ_ENTRY(NBDExport) next;
85 
86     AioContext *ctx;
87 
88     BlockBackend *eject_notifier_blk;
89     Notifier eject_notifier;
90 
91     BdrvDirtyBitmap *export_bitmap;
92     char *export_bitmap_context;
93 };
94 
95 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, NBDExport) exports = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(exports);
96 
97 /* NBDExportMetaContexts represents a list of contexts to be exported,
98  * as selected by NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT. Also used for
99  * NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT. */
100 typedef struct NBDExportMetaContexts {
101     NBDExport *exp;
102     bool valid; /* means that negotiation of the option finished without
103                    errors */
104     bool base_allocation; /* export base:allocation context (block status) */
105     bool bitmap; /* export qemu:dirty-bitmap:<export bitmap name> */
106 } NBDExportMetaContexts;
107 
108 struct NBDClient {
109     int refcount;
110     void (*close_fn)(NBDClient *client, bool negotiated);
111 
112     NBDExport *exp;
113     QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds;
114     char *tlsauthz;
115     QIOChannelSocket *sioc; /* The underlying data channel */
116     QIOChannel *ioc; /* The current I/O channel which may differ (eg TLS) */
117 
118     Coroutine *recv_coroutine;
119 
120     CoMutex send_lock;
121     Coroutine *send_coroutine;
122 
123     QTAILQ_ENTRY(NBDClient) next;
124     int nb_requests;
125     bool closing;
126 
127     uint32_t check_align; /* If non-zero, check for aligned client requests */
128 
129     bool structured_reply;
130     NBDExportMetaContexts export_meta;
131 
132     uint32_t opt; /* Current option being negotiated */
133     uint32_t optlen; /* remaining length of data in ioc for the option being
134                         negotiated now */
135 };
136 
137 static void nbd_client_receive_next_request(NBDClient *client);
138 
139 /* Basic flow for negotiation
140 
141    Server         Client
142    Negotiate
143 
144    or
145 
146    Server         Client
147    Negotiate #1
148                   Option
149    Negotiate #2
150 
151    ----
152 
153    followed by
154 
155    Server         Client
156                   Request
157    Response
158                   Request
159    Response
160                   ...
161    ...
162                   Request (type == 2)
163 
164 */
165 
166 static inline void set_be_option_rep(NBDOptionReply *rep, uint32_t option,
167                                      uint32_t type, uint32_t length)
168 {
169     stq_be_p(&rep->magic, NBD_REP_MAGIC);
170     stl_be_p(&rep->option, option);
171     stl_be_p(&rep->type, type);
172     stl_be_p(&rep->length, length);
173 }
174 
175 /* Send a reply header, including length, but no payload.
176  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
177 static int nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type,
178                                       uint32_t len, Error **errp)
179 {
180     NBDOptionReply rep;
181 
182     trace_nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(client->opt, nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt),
183                                      type, nbd_rep_lookup(type), len);
184 
185     assert(len < NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
186 
187     set_be_option_rep(&rep, client->opt, type, len);
188     return nbd_write(client->ioc, &rep, sizeof(rep), errp);
189 }
190 
191 /* Send a reply header with default 0 length.
192  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
193 static int nbd_negotiate_send_rep(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type,
194                                   Error **errp)
195 {
196     return nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(client, type, 0, errp);
197 }
198 
199 /* Send an error reply.
200  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
201 static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(4, 0)
202 nbd_negotiate_send_rep_verr(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type,
203                             Error **errp, const char *fmt, va_list va)
204 {
205     char *msg;
206     int ret;
207     size_t len;
208 
209     msg = g_strdup_vprintf(fmt, va);
210     len = strlen(msg);
211     assert(len < 4096);
212     trace_nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(msg);
213     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(client, type, len, errp);
214     if (ret < 0) {
215         goto out;
216     }
217     if (nbd_write(client->ioc, msg, len, errp) < 0) {
218         error_prepend(errp, "write failed (error message): ");
219         ret = -EIO;
220     } else {
221         ret = 0;
222     }
223 
224 out:
225     g_free(msg);
226     return ret;
227 }
228 
229 /* Send an error reply.
230  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
231 static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(4, 5)
232 nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type,
233                            Error **errp, const char *fmt, ...)
234 {
235     va_list va;
236     int ret;
237 
238     va_start(va, fmt);
239     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_verr(client, type, errp, fmt, va);
240     va_end(va);
241     return ret;
242 }
243 
244 /* Drop remainder of the current option, and send a reply with the
245  * given error type and message. Return -errno on read or write
246  * failure; or 0 if connection is still live. */
247 static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(4, 0)
248 nbd_opt_vdrop(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type, Error **errp,
249               const char *fmt, va_list va)
250 {
251     int ret = nbd_drop(client->ioc, client->optlen, errp);
252 
253     client->optlen = 0;
254     if (!ret) {
255         ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_verr(client, type, errp, fmt, va);
256     }
257     return ret;
258 }
259 
260 static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(4, 5)
261 nbd_opt_drop(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type, Error **errp,
262              const char *fmt, ...)
263 {
264     int ret;
265     va_list va;
266 
267     va_start(va, fmt);
268     ret = nbd_opt_vdrop(client, type, errp, fmt, va);
269     va_end(va);
270 
271     return ret;
272 }
273 
274 static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(3, 4)
275 nbd_opt_invalid(NBDClient *client, Error **errp, const char *fmt, ...)
276 {
277     int ret;
278     va_list va;
279 
280     va_start(va, fmt);
281     ret = nbd_opt_vdrop(client, NBD_REP_ERR_INVALID, errp, fmt, va);
282     va_end(va);
283 
284     return ret;
285 }
286 
287 /* Read size bytes from the unparsed payload of the current option.
288  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
289  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success. */
290 static int nbd_opt_read(NBDClient *client, void *buffer, size_t size,
291                         Error **errp)
292 {
293     if (size > client->optlen) {
294         return nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp,
295                                "Inconsistent lengths in option %s",
296                                nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
297     }
298     client->optlen -= size;
299     return qio_channel_read_all(client->ioc, buffer, size, errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 1;
300 }
301 
302 /* Drop size bytes from the unparsed payload of the current option.
303  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
304  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success. */
305 static int nbd_opt_skip(NBDClient *client, size_t size, Error **errp)
306 {
307     if (size > client->optlen) {
308         return nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp,
309                                "Inconsistent lengths in option %s",
310                                nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
311     }
312     client->optlen -= size;
313     return nbd_drop(client->ioc, size, errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 1;
314 }
315 
316 /* nbd_opt_read_name
317  *
318  * Read a string with the format:
319  *   uint32_t len     (<= NBD_MAX_NAME_SIZE)
320  *   len bytes string (not 0-terminated)
321  *
322  * @name should be enough to store NBD_MAX_NAME_SIZE+1.
323  * If @length is non-null, it will be set to the actual string length.
324  *
325  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
326  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success.
327  */
328 static int nbd_opt_read_name(NBDClient *client, char *name, uint32_t *length,
329                              Error **errp)
330 {
331     int ret;
332     uint32_t len;
333 
334     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, &len, sizeof(len), errp);
335     if (ret <= 0) {
336         return ret;
337     }
338     len = cpu_to_be32(len);
339 
340     if (len > NBD_MAX_NAME_SIZE) {
341         return nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp,
342                                "Invalid name length: %" PRIu32, len);
343     }
344 
345     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, name, len, errp);
346     if (ret <= 0) {
347         return ret;
348     }
349     name[len] = '\0';
350 
351     if (length) {
352         *length = len;
353     }
354 
355     return 1;
356 }
357 
358 /* Send a single NBD_REP_SERVER reply to NBD_OPT_LIST, including payload.
359  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
360 static int nbd_negotiate_send_rep_list(NBDClient *client, NBDExport *exp,
361                                        Error **errp)
362 {
363     size_t name_len, desc_len;
364     uint32_t len;
365     const char *name = exp->name ? exp->name : "";
366     const char *desc = exp->description ? exp->description : "";
367     QIOChannel *ioc = client->ioc;
368     int ret;
369 
370     trace_nbd_negotiate_send_rep_list(name, desc);
371     name_len = strlen(name);
372     desc_len = strlen(desc);
373     len = name_len + desc_len + sizeof(len);
374     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(client, NBD_REP_SERVER, len, errp);
375     if (ret < 0) {
376         return ret;
377     }
378 
379     len = cpu_to_be32(name_len);
380     if (nbd_write(ioc, &len, sizeof(len), errp) < 0) {
381         error_prepend(errp, "write failed (name length): ");
382         return -EINVAL;
383     }
384 
385     if (nbd_write(ioc, name, name_len, errp) < 0) {
386         error_prepend(errp, "write failed (name buffer): ");
387         return -EINVAL;
388     }
389 
390     if (nbd_write(ioc, desc, desc_len, errp) < 0) {
391         error_prepend(errp, "write failed (description buffer): ");
392         return -EINVAL;
393     }
394 
395     return 0;
396 }
397 
398 /* Process the NBD_OPT_LIST command, with a potential series of replies.
399  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
400 static int nbd_negotiate_handle_list(NBDClient *client, Error **errp)
401 {
402     NBDExport *exp;
403     assert(client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST);
404 
405     /* For each export, send a NBD_REP_SERVER reply. */
406     QTAILQ_FOREACH(exp, &exports, next) {
407         if (nbd_negotiate_send_rep_list(client, exp, errp)) {
408             return -EINVAL;
409         }
410     }
411     /* Finish with a NBD_REP_ACK. */
412     return nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp);
413 }
414 
415 static void nbd_check_meta_export(NBDClient *client)
416 {
417     client->export_meta.valid &= client->exp == client->export_meta.exp;
418 }
419 
420 /* Send a reply to NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME.
421  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
422 static int nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name(NBDClient *client,
423                                             uint16_t myflags, bool no_zeroes,
424                                             Error **errp)
425 {
426     char name[NBD_MAX_NAME_SIZE + 1];
427     char buf[NBD_REPLY_EXPORT_NAME_SIZE] = "";
428     size_t len;
429     int ret;
430 
431     /* Client sends:
432         [20 ..  xx]   export name (length bytes)
433        Server replies:
434         [ 0 ..   7]   size
435         [ 8 ..   9]   export flags
436         [10 .. 133]   reserved     (0) [unless no_zeroes]
437      */
438     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name();
439     if (client->optlen >= sizeof(name)) {
440         error_setg(errp, "Bad length received");
441         return -EINVAL;
442     }
443     if (nbd_read(client->ioc, name, client->optlen, "export name", errp) < 0) {
444         return -EIO;
445     }
446     name[client->optlen] = '\0';
447     client->optlen = 0;
448 
449     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name_request(name);
450 
451     client->exp = nbd_export_find(name);
452     if (!client->exp) {
453         error_setg(errp, "export not found");
454         return -EINVAL;
455     }
456 
457     trace_nbd_negotiate_new_style_size_flags(client->exp->size,
458                                              client->exp->nbdflags | myflags);
459     stq_be_p(buf, client->exp->size);
460     stw_be_p(buf + 8, client->exp->nbdflags | myflags);
461     len = no_zeroes ? 10 : sizeof(buf);
462     ret = nbd_write(client->ioc, buf, len, errp);
463     if (ret < 0) {
464         error_prepend(errp, "write failed: ");
465         return ret;
466     }
467 
468     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&client->exp->clients, client, next);
469     nbd_export_get(client->exp);
470     nbd_check_meta_export(client);
471 
472     return 0;
473 }
474 
475 /* Send a single NBD_REP_INFO, with a buffer @buf of @length bytes.
476  * The buffer does NOT include the info type prefix.
477  * Return -errno on error, 0 if ready to send more. */
478 static int nbd_negotiate_send_info(NBDClient *client,
479                                    uint16_t info, uint32_t length, void *buf,
480                                    Error **errp)
481 {
482     int rc;
483 
484     trace_nbd_negotiate_send_info(info, nbd_info_lookup(info), length);
485     rc = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(client, NBD_REP_INFO,
486                                     sizeof(info) + length, errp);
487     if (rc < 0) {
488         return rc;
489     }
490     info = cpu_to_be16(info);
491     if (nbd_write(client->ioc, &info, sizeof(info), errp) < 0) {
492         return -EIO;
493     }
494     if (nbd_write(client->ioc, buf, length, errp) < 0) {
495         return -EIO;
496     }
497     return 0;
498 }
499 
500 /* nbd_reject_length: Handle any unexpected payload.
501  * @fatal requests that we quit talking to the client, even if we are able
502  * to successfully send an error reply.
503  * Return:
504  * -errno  transmission error occurred or @fatal was requested, errp is set
505  * 0       error message successfully sent to client, errp is not set
506  */
507 static int nbd_reject_length(NBDClient *client, bool fatal, Error **errp)
508 {
509     int ret;
510 
511     assert(client->optlen);
512     ret = nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp, "option '%s' has unexpected length",
513                           nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
514     if (fatal && !ret) {
515         error_setg(errp, "option '%s' has unexpected length",
516                    nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
517         return -EINVAL;
518     }
519     return ret;
520 }
521 
522 /* Handle NBD_OPT_INFO and NBD_OPT_GO.
523  * Return -errno on error, 0 if ready for next option, and 1 to move
524  * into transmission phase.  */
525 static int nbd_negotiate_handle_info(NBDClient *client, uint16_t myflags,
526                                      Error **errp)
527 {
528     int rc;
529     char name[NBD_MAX_NAME_SIZE + 1];
530     NBDExport *exp;
531     uint16_t requests;
532     uint16_t request;
533     uint32_t namelen;
534     bool sendname = false;
535     bool blocksize = false;
536     uint32_t sizes[3];
537     char buf[sizeof(uint64_t) + sizeof(uint16_t)];
538     uint32_t check_align = 0;
539 
540     /* Client sends:
541         4 bytes: L, name length (can be 0)
542         L bytes: export name
543         2 bytes: N, number of requests (can be 0)
544         N * 2 bytes: N requests
545     */
546     rc = nbd_opt_read_name(client, name, &namelen, errp);
547     if (rc <= 0) {
548         return rc;
549     }
550     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name_request(name);
551 
552     rc = nbd_opt_read(client, &requests, sizeof(requests), errp);
553     if (rc <= 0) {
554         return rc;
555     }
556     requests = be16_to_cpu(requests);
557     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_info_requests(requests);
558     while (requests--) {
559         rc = nbd_opt_read(client, &request, sizeof(request), errp);
560         if (rc <= 0) {
561             return rc;
562         }
563         request = be16_to_cpu(request);
564         trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_info_request(request,
565                                                 nbd_info_lookup(request));
566         /* We care about NBD_INFO_NAME and NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE;
567          * everything else is either a request we don't know or
568          * something we send regardless of request */
569         switch (request) {
570         case NBD_INFO_NAME:
571             sendname = true;
572             break;
573         case NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE:
574             blocksize = true;
575             break;
576         }
577     }
578     if (client->optlen) {
579         return nbd_reject_length(client, false, errp);
580     }
581 
582     exp = nbd_export_find(name);
583     if (!exp) {
584         return nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(client, NBD_REP_ERR_UNKNOWN,
585                                           errp, "export '%s' not present",
586                                           name);
587     }
588 
589     /* Don't bother sending NBD_INFO_NAME unless client requested it */
590     if (sendname) {
591         rc = nbd_negotiate_send_info(client, NBD_INFO_NAME, namelen, name,
592                                      errp);
593         if (rc < 0) {
594             return rc;
595         }
596     }
597 
598     /* Send NBD_INFO_DESCRIPTION only if available, regardless of
599      * client request */
600     if (exp->description) {
601         size_t len = strlen(exp->description);
602 
603         rc = nbd_negotiate_send_info(client, NBD_INFO_DESCRIPTION,
604                                      len, exp->description, errp);
605         if (rc < 0) {
606             return rc;
607         }
608     }
609 
610     /* Send NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE always, but tweak the minimum size
611      * according to whether the client requested it, and according to
612      * whether this is OPT_INFO or OPT_GO. */
613     /* minimum - 1 for back-compat, or actual if client will obey it. */
614     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_INFO || blocksize) {
615         check_align = sizes[0] = blk_get_request_alignment(exp->blk);
616     } else {
617         sizes[0] = 1;
618     }
619     assert(sizes[0] <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
620     /* preferred - Hard-code to 4096 for now.
621      * TODO: is blk_bs(blk)->bl.opt_transfer appropriate? */
622     sizes[1] = MAX(4096, sizes[0]);
623     /* maximum - At most 32M, but smaller as appropriate. */
624     sizes[2] = MIN(blk_get_max_transfer(exp->blk), NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
625     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_info_block_size(sizes[0], sizes[1], sizes[2]);
626     sizes[0] = cpu_to_be32(sizes[0]);
627     sizes[1] = cpu_to_be32(sizes[1]);
628     sizes[2] = cpu_to_be32(sizes[2]);
629     rc = nbd_negotiate_send_info(client, NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE,
630                                  sizeof(sizes), sizes, errp);
631     if (rc < 0) {
632         return rc;
633     }
634 
635     /* Send NBD_INFO_EXPORT always */
636     trace_nbd_negotiate_new_style_size_flags(exp->size,
637                                              exp->nbdflags | myflags);
638     stq_be_p(buf, exp->size);
639     stw_be_p(buf + 8, exp->nbdflags | myflags);
640     rc = nbd_negotiate_send_info(client, NBD_INFO_EXPORT,
641                                  sizeof(buf), buf, errp);
642     if (rc < 0) {
643         return rc;
644     }
645 
646     /*
647      * If the client is just asking for NBD_OPT_INFO, but forgot to
648      * request block sizes in a situation that would impact
649      * performance, then return an error. But for NBD_OPT_GO, we
650      * tolerate all clients, regardless of alignments.
651      */
652     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_INFO && !blocksize &&
653         blk_get_request_alignment(exp->blk) > 1) {
654         return nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(client,
655                                           NBD_REP_ERR_BLOCK_SIZE_REQD,
656                                           errp,
657                                           "request NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE to "
658                                           "use this export");
659     }
660 
661     /* Final reply */
662     rc = nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp);
663     if (rc < 0) {
664         return rc;
665     }
666 
667     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_GO) {
668         client->exp = exp;
669         client->check_align = check_align;
670         QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&client->exp->clients, client, next);
671         nbd_export_get(client->exp);
672         nbd_check_meta_export(client);
673         rc = 1;
674     }
675     return rc;
676 }
677 
678 
679 /* Handle NBD_OPT_STARTTLS. Return NULL to drop connection, or else the
680  * new channel for all further (now-encrypted) communication. */
681 static QIOChannel *nbd_negotiate_handle_starttls(NBDClient *client,
682                                                  Error **errp)
683 {
684     QIOChannel *ioc;
685     QIOChannelTLS *tioc;
686     struct NBDTLSHandshakeData data = { 0 };
687 
688     assert(client->opt == NBD_OPT_STARTTLS);
689 
690     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_starttls();
691     ioc = client->ioc;
692 
693     if (nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp) < 0) {
694         return NULL;
695     }
696 
697     tioc = qio_channel_tls_new_server(ioc,
698                                       client->tlscreds,
699                                       client->tlsauthz,
700                                       errp);
701     if (!tioc) {
702         return NULL;
703     }
704 
705     qio_channel_set_name(QIO_CHANNEL(tioc), "nbd-server-tls");
706     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_starttls_handshake();
707     data.loop = g_main_loop_new(g_main_context_default(), FALSE);
708     qio_channel_tls_handshake(tioc,
709                               nbd_tls_handshake,
710                               &data,
711                               NULL,
712                               NULL);
713 
714     if (!data.complete) {
715         g_main_loop_run(data.loop);
716     }
717     g_main_loop_unref(data.loop);
718     if (data.error) {
719         object_unref(OBJECT(tioc));
720         error_propagate(errp, data.error);
721         return NULL;
722     }
723 
724     return QIO_CHANNEL(tioc);
725 }
726 
727 /* nbd_negotiate_send_meta_context
728  *
729  * Send one chunk of reply to NBD_OPT_{LIST,SET}_META_CONTEXT
730  *
731  * For NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT @context_id is ignored, 0 is used instead.
732  */
733 static int nbd_negotiate_send_meta_context(NBDClient *client,
734                                            const char *context,
735                                            uint32_t context_id,
736                                            Error **errp)
737 {
738     NBDOptionReplyMetaContext opt;
739     struct iovec iov[] = {
740         {.iov_base = &opt, .iov_len = sizeof(opt)},
741         {.iov_base = (void *)context, .iov_len = strlen(context)}
742     };
743 
744     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT) {
745         context_id = 0;
746     }
747 
748     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_reply(context, context_id);
749     set_be_option_rep(&opt.h, client->opt, NBD_REP_META_CONTEXT,
750                       sizeof(opt) - sizeof(opt.h) + iov[1].iov_len);
751     stl_be_p(&opt.context_id, context_id);
752 
753     return qio_channel_writev_all(client->ioc, iov, 2, errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 0;
754 }
755 
756 /* Read strlen(@pattern) bytes, and set @match to true if they match @pattern.
757  * @match is never set to false.
758  *
759  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
760  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success.
761  *
762  * Note: return code = 1 doesn't mean that we've read exactly @pattern.
763  * It only means that there are no errors.
764  */
765 static int nbd_meta_pattern(NBDClient *client, const char *pattern, bool *match,
766                             Error **errp)
767 {
768     int ret;
769     char *query;
770     size_t len = strlen(pattern);
771 
772     assert(len);
773 
774     query = g_malloc(len);
775     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, query, len, errp);
776     if (ret <= 0) {
777         g_free(query);
778         return ret;
779     }
780 
781     if (strncmp(query, pattern, len) == 0) {
782         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse(pattern);
783         *match = true;
784     } else {
785         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("pattern not matched");
786     }
787     g_free(query);
788 
789     return 1;
790 }
791 
792 /*
793  * Read @len bytes, and set @match to true if they match @pattern, or if @len
794  * is 0 and the client is performing _LIST_. @match is never set to false.
795  *
796  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
797  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success.
798  *
799  * Note: return code = 1 doesn't mean that we've read exactly @pattern.
800  * It only means that there are no errors.
801  */
802 static int nbd_meta_empty_or_pattern(NBDClient *client, const char *pattern,
803                                      uint32_t len, bool *match, Error **errp)
804 {
805     if (len == 0) {
806         if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT) {
807             *match = true;
808         }
809         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("empty");
810         return 1;
811     }
812 
813     if (len != strlen(pattern)) {
814         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("different lengths");
815         return nbd_opt_skip(client, len, errp);
816     }
817 
818     return nbd_meta_pattern(client, pattern, match, errp);
819 }
820 
821 /* nbd_meta_base_query
822  *
823  * Handle queries to 'base' namespace. For now, only the base:allocation
824  * context is available.  'len' is the amount of text remaining to be read from
825  * the current name, after the 'base:' portion has been stripped.
826  *
827  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
828  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success.
829  */
830 static int nbd_meta_base_query(NBDClient *client, NBDExportMetaContexts *meta,
831                                uint32_t len, Error **errp)
832 {
833     return nbd_meta_empty_or_pattern(client, "allocation", len,
834                                      &meta->base_allocation, errp);
835 }
836 
837 /* nbd_meta_bitmap_query
838  *
839  * Handle query to 'qemu:' namespace.
840  * @len is the amount of text remaining to be read from the current name, after
841  * the 'qemu:' portion has been stripped.
842  *
843  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
844  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success. */
845 static int nbd_meta_qemu_query(NBDClient *client, NBDExportMetaContexts *meta,
846                                uint32_t len, Error **errp)
847 {
848     bool dirty_bitmap = false;
849     size_t dirty_bitmap_len = strlen("dirty-bitmap:");
850     int ret;
851 
852     if (!meta->exp->export_bitmap) {
853         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("no dirty-bitmap exported");
854         return nbd_opt_skip(client, len, errp);
855     }
856 
857     if (len == 0) {
858         if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT) {
859             meta->bitmap = true;
860         }
861         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("empty");
862         return 1;
863     }
864 
865     if (len < dirty_bitmap_len) {
866         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("not dirty-bitmap:");
867         return nbd_opt_skip(client, len, errp);
868     }
869 
870     len -= dirty_bitmap_len;
871     ret = nbd_meta_pattern(client, "dirty-bitmap:", &dirty_bitmap, errp);
872     if (ret <= 0) {
873         return ret;
874     }
875     if (!dirty_bitmap) {
876         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("not dirty-bitmap:");
877         return nbd_opt_skip(client, len, errp);
878     }
879 
880     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("dirty-bitmap:");
881 
882     return nbd_meta_empty_or_pattern(
883             client, meta->exp->export_bitmap_context +
884             strlen("qemu:dirty_bitmap:"), len, &meta->bitmap, errp);
885 }
886 
887 /* nbd_negotiate_meta_query
888  *
889  * Parse namespace name and call corresponding function to parse body of the
890  * query.
891  *
892  * The only supported namespace now is 'base'.
893  *
894  * The function aims not wasting time and memory to read long unknown namespace
895  * names.
896  *
897  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
898  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success. */
899 static int nbd_negotiate_meta_query(NBDClient *client,
900                                     NBDExportMetaContexts *meta, Error **errp)
901 {
902     /*
903      * Both 'qemu' and 'base' namespaces have length = 5 including a
904      * colon. If another length namespace is later introduced, this
905      * should certainly be refactored.
906      */
907     int ret;
908     size_t ns_len = 5;
909     char ns[5];
910     uint32_t len;
911 
912     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, &len, sizeof(len), errp);
913     if (ret <= 0) {
914         return ret;
915     }
916     len = cpu_to_be32(len);
917 
918     if (len < ns_len) {
919         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("length too short");
920         return nbd_opt_skip(client, len, errp);
921     }
922 
923     len -= ns_len;
924     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, ns, ns_len, errp);
925     if (ret <= 0) {
926         return ret;
927     }
928 
929     if (!strncmp(ns, "base:", ns_len)) {
930         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("base:");
931         return nbd_meta_base_query(client, meta, len, errp);
932     } else if (!strncmp(ns, "qemu:", ns_len)) {
933         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("qemu:");
934         return nbd_meta_qemu_query(client, meta, len, errp);
935     }
936 
937     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("unknown namespace");
938     return nbd_opt_skip(client, len, errp);
939 }
940 
941 /* nbd_negotiate_meta_queries
942  * Handle NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT and NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT
943  *
944  * Return -errno on I/O error, or 0 if option was completely handled. */
945 static int nbd_negotiate_meta_queries(NBDClient *client,
946                                       NBDExportMetaContexts *meta, Error **errp)
947 {
948     int ret;
949     char export_name[NBD_MAX_NAME_SIZE + 1];
950     NBDExportMetaContexts local_meta;
951     uint32_t nb_queries;
952     int i;
953 
954     if (!client->structured_reply) {
955         return nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp,
956                                "request option '%s' when structured reply "
957                                "is not negotiated",
958                                nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
959     }
960 
961     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT) {
962         /* Only change the caller's meta on SET. */
963         meta = &local_meta;
964     }
965 
966     memset(meta, 0, sizeof(*meta));
967 
968     ret = nbd_opt_read_name(client, export_name, NULL, errp);
969     if (ret <= 0) {
970         return ret;
971     }
972 
973     meta->exp = nbd_export_find(export_name);
974     if (meta->exp == NULL) {
975         return nbd_opt_drop(client, NBD_REP_ERR_UNKNOWN, errp,
976                             "export '%s' not present", export_name);
977     }
978 
979     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, &nb_queries, sizeof(nb_queries), errp);
980     if (ret <= 0) {
981         return ret;
982     }
983     nb_queries = cpu_to_be32(nb_queries);
984     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_context(nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt),
985                                      export_name, nb_queries);
986 
987     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT && !nb_queries) {
988         /* enable all known contexts */
989         meta->base_allocation = true;
990         meta->bitmap = !!meta->exp->export_bitmap;
991     } else {
992         for (i = 0; i < nb_queries; ++i) {
993             ret = nbd_negotiate_meta_query(client, meta, errp);
994             if (ret <= 0) {
995                 return ret;
996             }
997         }
998     }
999 
1000     if (meta->base_allocation) {
1001         ret = nbd_negotiate_send_meta_context(client, "base:allocation",
1002                                               NBD_META_ID_BASE_ALLOCATION,
1003                                               errp);
1004         if (ret < 0) {
1005             return ret;
1006         }
1007     }
1008 
1009     if (meta->bitmap) {
1010         ret = nbd_negotiate_send_meta_context(client,
1011                                               meta->exp->export_bitmap_context,
1012                                               NBD_META_ID_DIRTY_BITMAP,
1013                                               errp);
1014         if (ret < 0) {
1015             return ret;
1016         }
1017     }
1018 
1019     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp);
1020     if (ret == 0) {
1021         meta->valid = true;
1022     }
1023 
1024     return ret;
1025 }
1026 
1027 /* nbd_negotiate_options
1028  * Process all NBD_OPT_* client option commands, during fixed newstyle
1029  * negotiation.
1030  * Return:
1031  * -errno  on error, errp is set
1032  * 0       on successful negotiation, errp is not set
1033  * 1       if client sent NBD_OPT_ABORT, i.e. on valid disconnect,
1034  *         errp is not set
1035  */
1036 static int nbd_negotiate_options(NBDClient *client, uint16_t myflags,
1037                                  Error **errp)
1038 {
1039     uint32_t flags;
1040     bool fixedNewstyle = false;
1041     bool no_zeroes = false;
1042 
1043     /* Client sends:
1044         [ 0 ..   3]   client flags
1045 
1046        Then we loop until NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME or NBD_OPT_GO:
1047         [ 0 ..   7]   NBD_OPTS_MAGIC
1048         [ 8 ..  11]   NBD option
1049         [12 ..  15]   Data length
1050         ...           Rest of request
1051 
1052         [ 0 ..   7]   NBD_OPTS_MAGIC
1053         [ 8 ..  11]   Second NBD option
1054         [12 ..  15]   Data length
1055         ...           Rest of request
1056     */
1057 
1058     if (nbd_read32(client->ioc, &flags, "flags", errp) < 0) {
1059         return -EIO;
1060     }
1061     trace_nbd_negotiate_options_flags(flags);
1062     if (flags & NBD_FLAG_C_FIXED_NEWSTYLE) {
1063         fixedNewstyle = true;
1064         flags &= ~NBD_FLAG_C_FIXED_NEWSTYLE;
1065     }
1066     if (flags & NBD_FLAG_C_NO_ZEROES) {
1067         no_zeroes = true;
1068         flags &= ~NBD_FLAG_C_NO_ZEROES;
1069     }
1070     if (flags != 0) {
1071         error_setg(errp, "Unknown client flags 0x%" PRIx32 " received", flags);
1072         return -EINVAL;
1073     }
1074 
1075     while (1) {
1076         int ret;
1077         uint32_t option, length;
1078         uint64_t magic;
1079 
1080         if (nbd_read64(client->ioc, &magic, "opts magic", errp) < 0) {
1081             return -EINVAL;
1082         }
1083         trace_nbd_negotiate_options_check_magic(magic);
1084         if (magic != NBD_OPTS_MAGIC) {
1085             error_setg(errp, "Bad magic received");
1086             return -EINVAL;
1087         }
1088 
1089         if (nbd_read32(client->ioc, &option, "option", errp) < 0) {
1090             return -EINVAL;
1091         }
1092         client->opt = option;
1093 
1094         if (nbd_read32(client->ioc, &length, "option length", errp) < 0) {
1095             return -EINVAL;
1096         }
1097         assert(!client->optlen);
1098         client->optlen = length;
1099 
1100         if (length > NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE) {
1101             error_setg(errp, "len (%" PRIu32" ) is larger than max len (%u)",
1102                        length, NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
1103             return -EINVAL;
1104         }
1105 
1106         trace_nbd_negotiate_options_check_option(option,
1107                                                  nbd_opt_lookup(option));
1108         if (client->tlscreds &&
1109             client->ioc == (QIOChannel *)client->sioc) {
1110             QIOChannel *tioc;
1111             if (!fixedNewstyle) {
1112                 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported option 0x%" PRIx32, option);
1113                 return -EINVAL;
1114             }
1115             switch (option) {
1116             case NBD_OPT_STARTTLS:
1117                 if (length) {
1118                     /* Unconditionally drop the connection if the client
1119                      * can't start a TLS negotiation correctly */
1120                     return nbd_reject_length(client, true, errp);
1121                 }
1122                 tioc = nbd_negotiate_handle_starttls(client, errp);
1123                 if (!tioc) {
1124                     return -EIO;
1125                 }
1126                 ret = 0;
1127                 object_unref(OBJECT(client->ioc));
1128                 client->ioc = QIO_CHANNEL(tioc);
1129                 break;
1130 
1131             case NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME:
1132                 /* No way to return an error to client, so drop connection */
1133                 error_setg(errp, "Option 0x%x not permitted before TLS",
1134                            option);
1135                 return -EINVAL;
1136 
1137             default:
1138                 /* Let the client keep trying, unless they asked to
1139                  * quit. Always try to give an error back to the
1140                  * client; but when replying to OPT_ABORT, be aware
1141                  * that the client may hang up before receiving the
1142                  * error, in which case we are fine ignoring the
1143                  * resulting EPIPE. */
1144                 ret = nbd_opt_drop(client, NBD_REP_ERR_TLS_REQD,
1145                                    option == NBD_OPT_ABORT ? NULL : errp,
1146                                    "Option 0x%" PRIx32
1147                                    " not permitted before TLS", option);
1148                 if (option == NBD_OPT_ABORT) {
1149                     return 1;
1150                 }
1151                 break;
1152             }
1153         } else if (fixedNewstyle) {
1154             switch (option) {
1155             case NBD_OPT_LIST:
1156                 if (length) {
1157                     ret = nbd_reject_length(client, false, errp);
1158                 } else {
1159                     ret = nbd_negotiate_handle_list(client, errp);
1160                 }
1161                 break;
1162 
1163             case NBD_OPT_ABORT:
1164                 /* NBD spec says we must try to reply before
1165                  * disconnecting, but that we must also tolerate
1166                  * guests that don't wait for our reply. */
1167                 nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, NULL);
1168                 return 1;
1169 
1170             case NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME:
1171                 return nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name(client,
1172                                                         myflags, no_zeroes,
1173                                                         errp);
1174 
1175             case NBD_OPT_INFO:
1176             case NBD_OPT_GO:
1177                 ret = nbd_negotiate_handle_info(client, myflags, errp);
1178                 if (ret == 1) {
1179                     assert(option == NBD_OPT_GO);
1180                     return 0;
1181                 }
1182                 break;
1183 
1184             case NBD_OPT_STARTTLS:
1185                 if (length) {
1186                     ret = nbd_reject_length(client, false, errp);
1187                 } else if (client->tlscreds) {
1188                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(client,
1189                                                      NBD_REP_ERR_INVALID, errp,
1190                                                      "TLS already enabled");
1191                 } else {
1192                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(client,
1193                                                      NBD_REP_ERR_POLICY, errp,
1194                                                      "TLS not configured");
1195                 }
1196                 break;
1197 
1198             case NBD_OPT_STRUCTURED_REPLY:
1199                 if (length) {
1200                     ret = nbd_reject_length(client, false, errp);
1201                 } else if (client->structured_reply) {
1202                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(
1203                         client, NBD_REP_ERR_INVALID, errp,
1204                         "structured reply already negotiated");
1205                 } else {
1206                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp);
1207                     client->structured_reply = true;
1208                     myflags |= NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF;
1209                 }
1210                 break;
1211 
1212             case NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT:
1213             case NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT:
1214                 ret = nbd_negotiate_meta_queries(client, &client->export_meta,
1215                                                  errp);
1216                 break;
1217 
1218             default:
1219                 ret = nbd_opt_drop(client, NBD_REP_ERR_UNSUP, errp,
1220                                    "Unsupported option %" PRIu32 " (%s)",
1221                                    option, nbd_opt_lookup(option));
1222                 break;
1223             }
1224         } else {
1225             /*
1226              * If broken new-style we should drop the connection
1227              * for anything except NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME
1228              */
1229             switch (option) {
1230             case NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME:
1231                 return nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name(client,
1232                                                         myflags, no_zeroes,
1233                                                         errp);
1234 
1235             default:
1236                 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported option %" PRIu32 " (%s)",
1237                            option, nbd_opt_lookup(option));
1238                 return -EINVAL;
1239             }
1240         }
1241         if (ret < 0) {
1242             return ret;
1243         }
1244     }
1245 }
1246 
1247 /* nbd_negotiate
1248  * Return:
1249  * -errno  on error, errp is set
1250  * 0       on successful negotiation, errp is not set
1251  * 1       if client sent NBD_OPT_ABORT, i.e. on valid disconnect,
1252  *         errp is not set
1253  */
1254 static coroutine_fn int nbd_negotiate(NBDClient *client, Error **errp)
1255 {
1256     char buf[NBD_OLDSTYLE_NEGOTIATE_SIZE] = "";
1257     int ret;
1258     const uint16_t myflags = (NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS | NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM |
1259                               NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH | NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA |
1260                               NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES | NBD_FLAG_SEND_CACHE);
1261 
1262     /* Old style negotiation header, no room for options
1263         [ 0 ..   7]   passwd       ("NBDMAGIC")
1264         [ 8 ..  15]   magic        (NBD_CLIENT_MAGIC)
1265         [16 ..  23]   size
1266         [24 ..  27]   export flags (zero-extended)
1267         [28 .. 151]   reserved     (0)
1268 
1269        New style negotiation header, client can send options
1270         [ 0 ..   7]   passwd       ("NBDMAGIC")
1271         [ 8 ..  15]   magic        (NBD_OPTS_MAGIC)
1272         [16 ..  17]   server flags (0)
1273         ....options sent, ending in NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME or NBD_OPT_GO....
1274      */
1275 
1276     qio_channel_set_blocking(client->ioc, false, NULL);
1277 
1278     trace_nbd_negotiate_begin();
1279     memcpy(buf, "NBDMAGIC", 8);
1280 
1281     stq_be_p(buf + 8, NBD_OPTS_MAGIC);
1282     stw_be_p(buf + 16, NBD_FLAG_FIXED_NEWSTYLE | NBD_FLAG_NO_ZEROES);
1283 
1284     if (nbd_write(client->ioc, buf, 18, errp) < 0) {
1285         error_prepend(errp, "write failed: ");
1286         return -EINVAL;
1287     }
1288     ret = nbd_negotiate_options(client, myflags, errp);
1289     if (ret != 0) {
1290         if (ret < 0) {
1291             error_prepend(errp, "option negotiation failed: ");
1292         }
1293         return ret;
1294     }
1295 
1296     assert(!client->optlen);
1297     trace_nbd_negotiate_success();
1298 
1299     return 0;
1300 }
1301 
1302 static int nbd_receive_request(QIOChannel *ioc, NBDRequest *request,
1303                                Error **errp)
1304 {
1305     uint8_t buf[NBD_REQUEST_SIZE];
1306     uint32_t magic;
1307     int ret;
1308 
1309     ret = nbd_read(ioc, buf, sizeof(buf), "request", errp);
1310     if (ret < 0) {
1311         return ret;
1312     }
1313 
1314     /* Request
1315        [ 0 ..  3]   magic   (NBD_REQUEST_MAGIC)
1316        [ 4 ..  5]   flags   (NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA, ...)
1317        [ 6 ..  7]   type    (NBD_CMD_READ, ...)
1318        [ 8 .. 15]   handle
1319        [16 .. 23]   from
1320        [24 .. 27]   len
1321      */
1322 
1323     magic = ldl_be_p(buf);
1324     request->flags  = lduw_be_p(buf + 4);
1325     request->type   = lduw_be_p(buf + 6);
1326     request->handle = ldq_be_p(buf + 8);
1327     request->from   = ldq_be_p(buf + 16);
1328     request->len    = ldl_be_p(buf + 24);
1329 
1330     trace_nbd_receive_request(magic, request->flags, request->type,
1331                               request->from, request->len);
1332 
1333     if (magic != NBD_REQUEST_MAGIC) {
1334         error_setg(errp, "invalid magic (got 0x%" PRIx32 ")", magic);
1335         return -EINVAL;
1336     }
1337     return 0;
1338 }
1339 
1340 #define MAX_NBD_REQUESTS 16
1341 
1342 void nbd_client_get(NBDClient *client)
1343 {
1344     client->refcount++;
1345 }
1346 
1347 void nbd_client_put(NBDClient *client)
1348 {
1349     if (--client->refcount == 0) {
1350         /* The last reference should be dropped by client->close,
1351          * which is called by client_close.
1352          */
1353         assert(client->closing);
1354 
1355         qio_channel_detach_aio_context(client->ioc);
1356         object_unref(OBJECT(client->sioc));
1357         object_unref(OBJECT(client->ioc));
1358         if (client->tlscreds) {
1359             object_unref(OBJECT(client->tlscreds));
1360         }
1361         g_free(client->tlsauthz);
1362         if (client->exp) {
1363             QTAILQ_REMOVE(&client->exp->clients, client, next);
1364             nbd_export_put(client->exp);
1365         }
1366         g_free(client);
1367     }
1368 }
1369 
1370 static void client_close(NBDClient *client, bool negotiated)
1371 {
1372     if (client->closing) {
1373         return;
1374     }
1375 
1376     client->closing = true;
1377 
1378     /* Force requests to finish.  They will drop their own references,
1379      * then we'll close the socket and free the NBDClient.
1380      */
1381     qio_channel_shutdown(client->ioc, QIO_CHANNEL_SHUTDOWN_BOTH,
1382                          NULL);
1383 
1384     /* Also tell the client, so that they release their reference.  */
1385     if (client->close_fn) {
1386         client->close_fn(client, negotiated);
1387     }
1388 }
1389 
1390 static NBDRequestData *nbd_request_get(NBDClient *client)
1391 {
1392     NBDRequestData *req;
1393 
1394     assert(client->nb_requests <= MAX_NBD_REQUESTS - 1);
1395     client->nb_requests++;
1396 
1397     req = g_new0(NBDRequestData, 1);
1398     nbd_client_get(client);
1399     req->client = client;
1400     return req;
1401 }
1402 
1403 static void nbd_request_put(NBDRequestData *req)
1404 {
1405     NBDClient *client = req->client;
1406 
1407     if (req->data) {
1408         qemu_vfree(req->data);
1409     }
1410     g_free(req);
1411 
1412     client->nb_requests--;
1413     nbd_client_receive_next_request(client);
1414 
1415     nbd_client_put(client);
1416 }
1417 
1418 static void blk_aio_attached(AioContext *ctx, void *opaque)
1419 {
1420     NBDExport *exp = opaque;
1421     NBDClient *client;
1422 
1423     trace_nbd_blk_aio_attached(exp->name, ctx);
1424 
1425     exp->ctx = ctx;
1426 
1427     QTAILQ_FOREACH(client, &exp->clients, next) {
1428         qio_channel_attach_aio_context(client->ioc, ctx);
1429         if (client->recv_coroutine) {
1430             aio_co_schedule(ctx, client->recv_coroutine);
1431         }
1432         if (client->send_coroutine) {
1433             aio_co_schedule(ctx, client->send_coroutine);
1434         }
1435     }
1436 }
1437 
1438 static void blk_aio_detach(void *opaque)
1439 {
1440     NBDExport *exp = opaque;
1441     NBDClient *client;
1442 
1443     trace_nbd_blk_aio_detach(exp->name, exp->ctx);
1444 
1445     QTAILQ_FOREACH(client, &exp->clients, next) {
1446         qio_channel_detach_aio_context(client->ioc);
1447     }
1448 
1449     exp->ctx = NULL;
1450 }
1451 
1452 static void nbd_eject_notifier(Notifier *n, void *data)
1453 {
1454     NBDExport *exp = container_of(n, NBDExport, eject_notifier);
1455     nbd_export_close(exp);
1456 }
1457 
1458 NBDExport *nbd_export_new(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t dev_offset,
1459                           uint64_t size, const char *name, const char *desc,
1460                           const char *bitmap, uint16_t nbdflags,
1461                           void (*close)(NBDExport *), bool writethrough,
1462                           BlockBackend *on_eject_blk, Error **errp)
1463 {
1464     AioContext *ctx;
1465     BlockBackend *blk;
1466     NBDExport *exp = g_new0(NBDExport, 1);
1467     uint64_t perm;
1468     int ret;
1469 
1470     /*
1471      * NBD exports are used for non-shared storage migration.  Make sure
1472      * that BDRV_O_INACTIVE is cleared and the image is ready for write
1473      * access since the export could be available before migration handover.
1474      */
1475     assert(name);
1476     ctx = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
1477     aio_context_acquire(ctx);
1478     bdrv_invalidate_cache(bs, NULL);
1479     aio_context_release(ctx);
1480 
1481     /* Don't allow resize while the NBD server is running, otherwise we don't
1482      * care what happens with the node. */
1483     perm = BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ;
1484     if ((nbdflags & NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY) == 0) {
1485         perm |= BLK_PERM_WRITE;
1486     }
1487     blk = blk_new(perm, BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ | BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED |
1488                         BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_GRAPH_MOD);
1489     ret = blk_insert_bs(blk, bs, errp);
1490     if (ret < 0) {
1491         goto fail;
1492     }
1493     blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
1494 
1495     exp->refcount = 1;
1496     QTAILQ_INIT(&exp->clients);
1497     exp->blk = blk;
1498     assert(dev_offset <= INT64_MAX);
1499     exp->dev_offset = dev_offset;
1500     exp->name = g_strdup(name);
1501     exp->description = g_strdup(desc);
1502     exp->nbdflags = nbdflags;
1503     assert(size <= INT64_MAX - dev_offset);
1504     exp->size = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(size, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1505 
1506     if (bitmap) {
1507         BdrvDirtyBitmap *bm = NULL;
1508 
1509         while (true) {
1510             bm = bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, bitmap);
1511             if (bm != NULL || bs->backing == NULL) {
1512                 break;
1513             }
1514 
1515             bs = bs->backing->bs;
1516         }
1517 
1518         if (bm == NULL) {
1519             error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' is not found", bitmap);
1520             goto fail;
1521         }
1522 
1523         if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_check(bm, BDRV_BITMAP_ALLOW_RO, errp)) {
1524             goto fail;
1525         }
1526 
1527         if ((nbdflags & NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY) && bdrv_is_writable(bs) &&
1528             bdrv_dirty_bitmap_enabled(bm)) {
1529             error_setg(errp,
1530                        "Enabled bitmap '%s' incompatible with readonly export",
1531                        bitmap);
1532             goto fail;
1533         }
1534 
1535         bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_busy(bm, true);
1536         exp->export_bitmap = bm;
1537         exp->export_bitmap_context = g_strdup_printf("qemu:dirty-bitmap:%s",
1538                                                      bitmap);
1539     }
1540 
1541     exp->close = close;
1542     exp->ctx = blk_get_aio_context(blk);
1543     blk_add_aio_context_notifier(blk, blk_aio_attached, blk_aio_detach, exp);
1544 
1545     if (on_eject_blk) {
1546         blk_ref(on_eject_blk);
1547         exp->eject_notifier_blk = on_eject_blk;
1548         exp->eject_notifier.notify = nbd_eject_notifier;
1549         blk_add_remove_bs_notifier(on_eject_blk, &exp->eject_notifier);
1550     }
1551     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&exports, exp, next);
1552     nbd_export_get(exp);
1553     return exp;
1554 
1555 fail:
1556     blk_unref(blk);
1557     g_free(exp->name);
1558     g_free(exp->description);
1559     g_free(exp);
1560     return NULL;
1561 }
1562 
1563 NBDExport *nbd_export_find(const char *name)
1564 {
1565     NBDExport *exp;
1566     QTAILQ_FOREACH(exp, &exports, next) {
1567         if (strcmp(name, exp->name) == 0) {
1568             return exp;
1569         }
1570     }
1571 
1572     return NULL;
1573 }
1574 
1575 void nbd_export_close(NBDExport *exp)
1576 {
1577     NBDClient *client, *next;
1578 
1579     nbd_export_get(exp);
1580     /*
1581      * TODO: Should we expand QMP NbdServerRemoveNode enum to allow a
1582      * close mode that stops advertising the export to new clients but
1583      * still permits existing clients to run to completion? Because of
1584      * that possibility, nbd_export_close() can be called more than
1585      * once on an export.
1586      */
1587     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(client, &exp->clients, next, next) {
1588         client_close(client, true);
1589     }
1590     if (exp->name) {
1591         nbd_export_put(exp);
1592         g_free(exp->name);
1593         exp->name = NULL;
1594         QTAILQ_REMOVE(&exports, exp, next);
1595     }
1596     g_free(exp->description);
1597     exp->description = NULL;
1598     nbd_export_put(exp);
1599 }
1600 
1601 void nbd_export_remove(NBDExport *exp, NbdServerRemoveMode mode, Error **errp)
1602 {
1603     if (mode == NBD_SERVER_REMOVE_MODE_HARD || QTAILQ_EMPTY(&exp->clients)) {
1604         nbd_export_close(exp);
1605         return;
1606     }
1607 
1608     assert(mode == NBD_SERVER_REMOVE_MODE_SAFE);
1609 
1610     error_setg(errp, "export '%s' still in use", exp->name);
1611     error_append_hint(errp, "Use mode='hard' to force client disconnect\n");
1612 }
1613 
1614 void nbd_export_get(NBDExport *exp)
1615 {
1616     assert(exp->refcount > 0);
1617     exp->refcount++;
1618 }
1619 
1620 void nbd_export_put(NBDExport *exp)
1621 {
1622     assert(exp->refcount > 0);
1623     if (exp->refcount == 1) {
1624         nbd_export_close(exp);
1625     }
1626 
1627     /* nbd_export_close() may theoretically reduce refcount to 0. It may happen
1628      * if someone calls nbd_export_put() on named export not through
1629      * nbd_export_set_name() when refcount is 1. So, let's assert that
1630      * it is > 0.
1631      */
1632     assert(exp->refcount > 0);
1633     if (--exp->refcount == 0) {
1634         assert(exp->name == NULL);
1635         assert(exp->description == NULL);
1636 
1637         if (exp->close) {
1638             exp->close(exp);
1639         }
1640 
1641         if (exp->blk) {
1642             if (exp->eject_notifier_blk) {
1643                 notifier_remove(&exp->eject_notifier);
1644                 blk_unref(exp->eject_notifier_blk);
1645             }
1646             blk_remove_aio_context_notifier(exp->blk, blk_aio_attached,
1647                                             blk_aio_detach, exp);
1648             blk_unref(exp->blk);
1649             exp->blk = NULL;
1650         }
1651 
1652         if (exp->export_bitmap) {
1653             bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_busy(exp->export_bitmap, false);
1654             g_free(exp->export_bitmap_context);
1655         }
1656 
1657         g_free(exp);
1658     }
1659 }
1660 
1661 BlockBackend *nbd_export_get_blockdev(NBDExport *exp)
1662 {
1663     return exp->blk;
1664 }
1665 
1666 void nbd_export_close_all(void)
1667 {
1668     NBDExport *exp, *next;
1669 
1670     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(exp, &exports, next, next) {
1671         nbd_export_close(exp);
1672     }
1673 }
1674 
1675 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_iov(NBDClient *client, struct iovec *iov,
1676                                         unsigned niov, Error **errp)
1677 {
1678     int ret;
1679 
1680     g_assert(qemu_in_coroutine());
1681     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&client->send_lock);
1682     client->send_coroutine = qemu_coroutine_self();
1683 
1684     ret = qio_channel_writev_all(client->ioc, iov, niov, errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 0;
1685 
1686     client->send_coroutine = NULL;
1687     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&client->send_lock);
1688 
1689     return ret;
1690 }
1691 
1692 static inline void set_be_simple_reply(NBDSimpleReply *reply, uint64_t error,
1693                                        uint64_t handle)
1694 {
1695     stl_be_p(&reply->magic, NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC);
1696     stl_be_p(&reply->error, error);
1697     stq_be_p(&reply->handle, handle);
1698 }
1699 
1700 static int nbd_co_send_simple_reply(NBDClient *client,
1701                                     uint64_t handle,
1702                                     uint32_t error,
1703                                     void *data,
1704                                     size_t len,
1705                                     Error **errp)
1706 {
1707     NBDSimpleReply reply;
1708     int nbd_err = system_errno_to_nbd_errno(error);
1709     struct iovec iov[] = {
1710         {.iov_base = &reply, .iov_len = sizeof(reply)},
1711         {.iov_base = data, .iov_len = len}
1712     };
1713 
1714     trace_nbd_co_send_simple_reply(handle, nbd_err, nbd_err_lookup(nbd_err),
1715                                    len);
1716     set_be_simple_reply(&reply, nbd_err, handle);
1717 
1718     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, len ? 2 : 1, errp);
1719 }
1720 
1721 static inline void set_be_chunk(NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk, uint16_t flags,
1722                                 uint16_t type, uint64_t handle, uint32_t length)
1723 {
1724     stl_be_p(&chunk->magic, NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC);
1725     stw_be_p(&chunk->flags, flags);
1726     stw_be_p(&chunk->type, type);
1727     stq_be_p(&chunk->handle, handle);
1728     stl_be_p(&chunk->length, length);
1729 }
1730 
1731 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_structured_done(NBDClient *client,
1732                                                     uint64_t handle,
1733                                                     Error **errp)
1734 {
1735     NBDStructuredReplyChunk chunk;
1736     struct iovec iov[] = {
1737         {.iov_base = &chunk, .iov_len = sizeof(chunk)},
1738     };
1739 
1740     trace_nbd_co_send_structured_done(handle);
1741     set_be_chunk(&chunk, NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE, NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE, handle, 0);
1742 
1743     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 1, errp);
1744 }
1745 
1746 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_structured_read(NBDClient *client,
1747                                                     uint64_t handle,
1748                                                     uint64_t offset,
1749                                                     void *data,
1750                                                     size_t size,
1751                                                     bool final,
1752                                                     Error **errp)
1753 {
1754     NBDStructuredReadData chunk;
1755     struct iovec iov[] = {
1756         {.iov_base = &chunk, .iov_len = sizeof(chunk)},
1757         {.iov_base = data, .iov_len = size}
1758     };
1759 
1760     assert(size);
1761     trace_nbd_co_send_structured_read(handle, offset, data, size);
1762     set_be_chunk(&chunk.h, final ? NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE : 0,
1763                  NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA, handle,
1764                  sizeof(chunk) - sizeof(chunk.h) + size);
1765     stq_be_p(&chunk.offset, offset);
1766 
1767     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 2, errp);
1768 }
1769 
1770 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_structured_error(NBDClient *client,
1771                                                      uint64_t handle,
1772                                                      uint32_t error,
1773                                                      const char *msg,
1774                                                      Error **errp)
1775 {
1776     NBDStructuredError chunk;
1777     int nbd_err = system_errno_to_nbd_errno(error);
1778     struct iovec iov[] = {
1779         {.iov_base = &chunk, .iov_len = sizeof(chunk)},
1780         {.iov_base = (char *)msg, .iov_len = msg ? strlen(msg) : 0},
1781     };
1782 
1783     assert(nbd_err);
1784     trace_nbd_co_send_structured_error(handle, nbd_err,
1785                                        nbd_err_lookup(nbd_err), msg ? msg : "");
1786     set_be_chunk(&chunk.h, NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE, NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR, handle,
1787                  sizeof(chunk) - sizeof(chunk.h) + iov[1].iov_len);
1788     stl_be_p(&chunk.error, nbd_err);
1789     stw_be_p(&chunk.message_length, iov[1].iov_len);
1790 
1791     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 1 + !!iov[1].iov_len, errp);
1792 }
1793 
1794 /* Do a sparse read and send the structured reply to the client.
1795  * Returns -errno if sending fails. bdrv_block_status_above() failure is
1796  * reported to the client, at which point this function succeeds.
1797  */
1798 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_sparse_read(NBDClient *client,
1799                                                 uint64_t handle,
1800                                                 uint64_t offset,
1801                                                 uint8_t *data,
1802                                                 size_t size,
1803                                                 Error **errp)
1804 {
1805     int ret = 0;
1806     NBDExport *exp = client->exp;
1807     size_t progress = 0;
1808 
1809     while (progress < size) {
1810         int64_t pnum;
1811         int status = bdrv_block_status_above(blk_bs(exp->blk), NULL,
1812                                              offset + progress,
1813                                              size - progress, &pnum, NULL,
1814                                              NULL);
1815         bool final;
1816 
1817         if (status < 0) {
1818             char *msg = g_strdup_printf("unable to check for holes: %s",
1819                                         strerror(-status));
1820 
1821             ret = nbd_co_send_structured_error(client, handle, -status, msg,
1822                                                errp);
1823             g_free(msg);
1824             return ret;
1825         }
1826         assert(pnum && pnum <= size - progress);
1827         final = progress + pnum == size;
1828         if (status & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) {
1829             NBDStructuredReadHole chunk;
1830             struct iovec iov[] = {
1831                 {.iov_base = &chunk, .iov_len = sizeof(chunk)},
1832             };
1833 
1834             trace_nbd_co_send_structured_read_hole(handle, offset + progress,
1835                                                    pnum);
1836             set_be_chunk(&chunk.h, final ? NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE : 0,
1837                          NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE,
1838                          handle, sizeof(chunk) - sizeof(chunk.h));
1839             stq_be_p(&chunk.offset, offset + progress);
1840             stl_be_p(&chunk.length, pnum);
1841             ret = nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 1, errp);
1842         } else {
1843             ret = blk_pread(exp->blk, offset + progress + exp->dev_offset,
1844                             data + progress, pnum);
1845             if (ret < 0) {
1846                 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "reading from file failed");
1847                 break;
1848             }
1849             ret = nbd_co_send_structured_read(client, handle, offset + progress,
1850                                               data + progress, pnum, final,
1851                                               errp);
1852         }
1853 
1854         if (ret < 0) {
1855             break;
1856         }
1857         progress += pnum;
1858     }
1859     return ret;
1860 }
1861 
1862 /*
1863  * Populate @extents from block status. Update @bytes to be the actual
1864  * length encoded (which may be smaller than the original), and update
1865  * @nb_extents to the number of extents used.
1866  *
1867  * Returns zero on success and -errno on bdrv_block_status_above failure.
1868  */
1869 static int blockstatus_to_extents(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1870                                   uint64_t *bytes, NBDExtent *extents,
1871                                   unsigned int *nb_extents)
1872 {
1873     uint64_t remaining_bytes = *bytes;
1874     NBDExtent *extent = extents, *extents_end = extents + *nb_extents;
1875     bool first_extent = true;
1876 
1877     assert(*nb_extents);
1878     while (remaining_bytes) {
1879         uint32_t flags;
1880         int64_t num;
1881         int ret = bdrv_block_status_above(bs, NULL, offset, remaining_bytes,
1882                                           &num, NULL, NULL);
1883 
1884         if (ret < 0) {
1885             return ret;
1886         }
1887 
1888         flags = (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED ? 0 : NBD_STATE_HOLE) |
1889                 (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO      ? NBD_STATE_ZERO : 0);
1890 
1891         if (first_extent) {
1892             extent->flags = flags;
1893             extent->length = num;
1894             first_extent = false;
1895         } else if (flags == extent->flags) {
1896             /* extend current extent */
1897             extent->length += num;
1898         } else {
1899             if (extent + 1 == extents_end) {
1900                 break;
1901             }
1902 
1903             /* start new extent */
1904             extent++;
1905             extent->flags = flags;
1906             extent->length = num;
1907         }
1908         offset += num;
1909         remaining_bytes -= num;
1910     }
1911 
1912     extents_end = extent + 1;
1913 
1914     for (extent = extents; extent < extents_end; extent++) {
1915         extent->flags = cpu_to_be32(extent->flags);
1916         extent->length = cpu_to_be32(extent->length);
1917     }
1918 
1919     *bytes -= remaining_bytes;
1920     *nb_extents = extents_end - extents;
1921 
1922     return 0;
1923 }
1924 
1925 /* nbd_co_send_extents
1926  *
1927  * @length is only for tracing purposes (and may be smaller or larger
1928  * than the client's original request). @last controls whether
1929  * NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE is sent. @extents should already be in
1930  * big-endian format.
1931  */
1932 static int nbd_co_send_extents(NBDClient *client, uint64_t handle,
1933                                NBDExtent *extents, unsigned int nb_extents,
1934                                uint64_t length, bool last,
1935                                uint32_t context_id, Error **errp)
1936 {
1937     NBDStructuredMeta chunk;
1938 
1939     struct iovec iov[] = {
1940         {.iov_base = &chunk, .iov_len = sizeof(chunk)},
1941         {.iov_base = extents, .iov_len = nb_extents * sizeof(extents[0])}
1942     };
1943 
1944     trace_nbd_co_send_extents(handle, nb_extents, context_id, length, last);
1945     set_be_chunk(&chunk.h, last ? NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE : 0,
1946                  NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS,
1947                  handle, sizeof(chunk) - sizeof(chunk.h) + iov[1].iov_len);
1948     stl_be_p(&chunk.context_id, context_id);
1949 
1950     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 2, errp);
1951 }
1952 
1953 /* Get block status from the exported device and send it to the client */
1954 static int nbd_co_send_block_status(NBDClient *client, uint64_t handle,
1955                                     BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1956                                     uint32_t length, bool dont_fragment,
1957                                     bool last, uint32_t context_id,
1958                                     Error **errp)
1959 {
1960     int ret;
1961     unsigned int nb_extents = dont_fragment ? 1 : NBD_MAX_BITMAP_EXTENTS;
1962     NBDExtent *extents = g_new(NBDExtent, nb_extents);
1963     uint64_t final_length = length;
1964 
1965     ret = blockstatus_to_extents(bs, offset, &final_length, extents,
1966                                  &nb_extents);
1967     if (ret < 0) {
1968         g_free(extents);
1969         return nbd_co_send_structured_error(
1970                 client, handle, -ret, "can't get block status", errp);
1971     }
1972 
1973     ret = nbd_co_send_extents(client, handle, extents, nb_extents,
1974                               final_length, last, context_id, errp);
1975 
1976     g_free(extents);
1977 
1978     return ret;
1979 }
1980 
1981 /*
1982  * Populate @extents from a dirty bitmap. Unless @dont_fragment, the
1983  * final extent may exceed the original @length. Store in @length the
1984  * byte length encoded (which may be smaller or larger than the
1985  * original), and return the number of extents used.
1986  */
1987 static unsigned int bitmap_to_extents(BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap, uint64_t offset,
1988                                       uint64_t *length, NBDExtent *extents,
1989                                       unsigned int nb_extents,
1990                                       bool dont_fragment)
1991 {
1992     uint64_t begin = offset, end = offset;
1993     uint64_t overall_end = offset + *length;
1994     unsigned int i = 0;
1995     BdrvDirtyBitmapIter *it;
1996     bool dirty;
1997 
1998     bdrv_dirty_bitmap_lock(bitmap);
1999 
2000     it = bdrv_dirty_iter_new(bitmap);
2001     dirty = bdrv_get_dirty_locked(NULL, bitmap, offset);
2002 
2003     assert(begin < overall_end && nb_extents);
2004     while (begin < overall_end && i < nb_extents) {
2005         bool next_dirty = !dirty;
2006 
2007         if (dirty) {
2008             end = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_next_zero(bitmap, begin, UINT64_MAX);
2009         } else {
2010             bdrv_set_dirty_iter(it, begin);
2011             end = bdrv_dirty_iter_next(it);
2012         }
2013         if (end == -1 || end - begin > UINT32_MAX) {
2014             /* Cap to an aligned value < 4G beyond begin. */
2015             end = MIN(bdrv_dirty_bitmap_size(bitmap),
2016                       begin + UINT32_MAX + 1 -
2017                       bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bitmap));
2018             next_dirty = dirty;
2019         }
2020         if (dont_fragment && end > overall_end) {
2021             end = overall_end;
2022         }
2023 
2024         extents[i].length = cpu_to_be32(end - begin);
2025         extents[i].flags = cpu_to_be32(dirty ? NBD_STATE_DIRTY : 0);
2026         i++;
2027         begin = end;
2028         dirty = next_dirty;
2029     }
2030 
2031     bdrv_dirty_iter_free(it);
2032 
2033     bdrv_dirty_bitmap_unlock(bitmap);
2034 
2035     assert(offset < end);
2036     *length = end - offset;
2037     return i;
2038 }
2039 
2040 static int nbd_co_send_bitmap(NBDClient *client, uint64_t handle,
2041                               BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap, uint64_t offset,
2042                               uint32_t length, bool dont_fragment, bool last,
2043                               uint32_t context_id, Error **errp)
2044 {
2045     int ret;
2046     unsigned int nb_extents = dont_fragment ? 1 : NBD_MAX_BITMAP_EXTENTS;
2047     NBDExtent *extents = g_new(NBDExtent, nb_extents);
2048     uint64_t final_length = length;
2049 
2050     nb_extents = bitmap_to_extents(bitmap, offset, &final_length, extents,
2051                                    nb_extents, dont_fragment);
2052 
2053     ret = nbd_co_send_extents(client, handle, extents, nb_extents,
2054                               final_length, last, context_id, errp);
2055 
2056     g_free(extents);
2057 
2058     return ret;
2059 }
2060 
2061 /* nbd_co_receive_request
2062  * Collect a client request. Return 0 if request looks valid, -EIO to drop
2063  * connection right away, and any other negative value to report an error to
2064  * the client (although the caller may still need to disconnect after reporting
2065  * the error).
2066  */
2067 static int nbd_co_receive_request(NBDRequestData *req, NBDRequest *request,
2068                                   Error **errp)
2069 {
2070     NBDClient *client = req->client;
2071     int valid_flags;
2072 
2073     g_assert(qemu_in_coroutine());
2074     assert(client->recv_coroutine == qemu_coroutine_self());
2075     if (nbd_receive_request(client->ioc, request, errp) < 0) {
2076         return -EIO;
2077     }
2078 
2079     trace_nbd_co_receive_request_decode_type(request->handle, request->type,
2080                                              nbd_cmd_lookup(request->type));
2081 
2082     if (request->type != NBD_CMD_WRITE) {
2083         /* No payload, we are ready to read the next request.  */
2084         req->complete = true;
2085     }
2086 
2087     if (request->type == NBD_CMD_DISC) {
2088         /* Special case: we're going to disconnect without a reply,
2089          * whether or not flags, from, or len are bogus */
2090         return -EIO;
2091     }
2092 
2093     if (request->type == NBD_CMD_READ || request->type == NBD_CMD_WRITE ||
2094         request->type == NBD_CMD_CACHE)
2095     {
2096         if (request->len > NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE) {
2097             error_setg(errp, "len (%" PRIu32" ) is larger than max len (%u)",
2098                        request->len, NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
2099             return -EINVAL;
2100         }
2101 
2102         req->data = blk_try_blockalign(client->exp->blk, request->len);
2103         if (req->data == NULL) {
2104             error_setg(errp, "No memory");
2105             return -ENOMEM;
2106         }
2107     }
2108     if (request->type == NBD_CMD_WRITE) {
2109         if (nbd_read(client->ioc, req->data, request->len, "CMD_WRITE data",
2110                      errp) < 0)
2111         {
2112             return -EIO;
2113         }
2114         req->complete = true;
2115 
2116         trace_nbd_co_receive_request_payload_received(request->handle,
2117                                                       request->len);
2118     }
2119 
2120     /* Sanity checks. */
2121     if (client->exp->nbdflags & NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY &&
2122         (request->type == NBD_CMD_WRITE ||
2123          request->type == NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES ||
2124          request->type == NBD_CMD_TRIM)) {
2125         error_setg(errp, "Export is read-only");
2126         return -EROFS;
2127     }
2128     if (request->from > client->exp->size ||
2129         request->len > client->exp->size - request->from) {
2130         error_setg(errp, "operation past EOF; From: %" PRIu64 ", Len: %" PRIu32
2131                    ", Size: %" PRIu64, request->from, request->len,
2132                    client->exp->size);
2133         return (request->type == NBD_CMD_WRITE ||
2134                 request->type == NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES) ? -ENOSPC : -EINVAL;
2135     }
2136     if (client->check_align && !QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(request->from | request->len,
2137                                                 client->check_align)) {
2138         /*
2139          * The block layer gracefully handles unaligned requests, but
2140          * it's still worth tracing client non-compliance
2141          */
2142         trace_nbd_co_receive_align_compliance(nbd_cmd_lookup(request->type),
2143                                               request->from,
2144                                               request->len,
2145                                               client->check_align);
2146     }
2147     valid_flags = NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA;
2148     if (request->type == NBD_CMD_READ && client->structured_reply) {
2149         valid_flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_DF;
2150     } else if (request->type == NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES) {
2151         valid_flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_NO_HOLE;
2152     } else if (request->type == NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS) {
2153         valid_flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_REQ_ONE;
2154     }
2155     if (request->flags & ~valid_flags) {
2156         error_setg(errp, "unsupported flags for command %s (got 0x%x)",
2157                    nbd_cmd_lookup(request->type), request->flags);
2158         return -EINVAL;
2159     }
2160 
2161     return 0;
2162 }
2163 
2164 /* Send simple reply without a payload, or a structured error
2165  * @error_msg is ignored if @ret >= 0
2166  * Returns 0 if connection is still live, -errno on failure to talk to client
2167  */
2168 static coroutine_fn int nbd_send_generic_reply(NBDClient *client,
2169                                                uint64_t handle,
2170                                                int ret,
2171                                                const char *error_msg,
2172                                                Error **errp)
2173 {
2174     if (client->structured_reply && ret < 0) {
2175         return nbd_co_send_structured_error(client, handle, -ret, error_msg,
2176                                             errp);
2177     } else {
2178         return nbd_co_send_simple_reply(client, handle, ret < 0 ? -ret : 0,
2179                                         NULL, 0, errp);
2180     }
2181 }
2182 
2183 /* Handle NBD_CMD_READ request.
2184  * Return -errno if sending fails. Other errors are reported directly to the
2185  * client as an error reply. */
2186 static coroutine_fn int nbd_do_cmd_read(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request,
2187                                         uint8_t *data, Error **errp)
2188 {
2189     int ret;
2190     NBDExport *exp = client->exp;
2191 
2192     assert(request->type == NBD_CMD_READ || request->type == NBD_CMD_CACHE);
2193 
2194     /* XXX: NBD Protocol only documents use of FUA with WRITE */
2195     if (request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA) {
2196         ret = blk_co_flush(exp->blk);
2197         if (ret < 0) {
2198             return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
2199                                           "flush failed", errp);
2200         }
2201     }
2202 
2203     if (client->structured_reply && !(request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_DF) &&
2204         request->len && request->type != NBD_CMD_CACHE)
2205     {
2206         return nbd_co_send_sparse_read(client, request->handle, request->from,
2207                                        data, request->len, errp);
2208     }
2209 
2210     ret = blk_pread(exp->blk, request->from + exp->dev_offset, data,
2211                     request->len);
2212     if (ret < 0 || request->type == NBD_CMD_CACHE) {
2213         return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
2214                                       "reading from file failed", errp);
2215     }
2216 
2217     if (client->structured_reply) {
2218         if (request->len) {
2219             return nbd_co_send_structured_read(client, request->handle,
2220                                                request->from, data,
2221                                                request->len, true, errp);
2222         } else {
2223             return nbd_co_send_structured_done(client, request->handle, errp);
2224         }
2225     } else {
2226         return nbd_co_send_simple_reply(client, request->handle, 0,
2227                                         data, request->len, errp);
2228     }
2229 }
2230 
2231 /* Handle NBD request.
2232  * Return -errno if sending fails. Other errors are reported directly to the
2233  * client as an error reply. */
2234 static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,
2235                                            NBDRequest *request,
2236                                            uint8_t *data, Error **errp)
2237 {
2238     int ret;
2239     int flags;
2240     NBDExport *exp = client->exp;
2241     char *msg;
2242 
2243     switch (request->type) {
2244     case NBD_CMD_READ:
2245     case NBD_CMD_CACHE:
2246         return nbd_do_cmd_read(client, request, data, errp);
2247 
2248     case NBD_CMD_WRITE:
2249         flags = 0;
2250         if (request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA) {
2251             flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
2252         }
2253         ret = blk_pwrite(exp->blk, request->from + exp->dev_offset,
2254                          data, request->len, flags);
2255         return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
2256                                       "writing to file failed", errp);
2257 
2258     case NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES:
2259         flags = 0;
2260         if (request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA) {
2261             flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
2262         }
2263         if (!(request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_NO_HOLE)) {
2264             flags |= BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP;
2265         }
2266         ret = blk_pwrite_zeroes(exp->blk, request->from + exp->dev_offset,
2267                                 request->len, flags);
2268         return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
2269                                       "writing to file failed", errp);
2270 
2271     case NBD_CMD_DISC:
2272         /* unreachable, thanks to special case in nbd_co_receive_request() */
2273         abort();
2274 
2275     case NBD_CMD_FLUSH:
2276         ret = blk_co_flush(exp->blk);
2277         return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
2278                                       "flush failed", errp);
2279 
2280     case NBD_CMD_TRIM:
2281         ret = blk_co_pdiscard(exp->blk, request->from + exp->dev_offset,
2282                               request->len);
2283         if (ret == 0 && request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA) {
2284             ret = blk_co_flush(exp->blk);
2285         }
2286         return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
2287                                       "discard failed", errp);
2288 
2289     case NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS:
2290         if (!request->len) {
2291             return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, -EINVAL,
2292                                           "need non-zero length", errp);
2293         }
2294         if (client->export_meta.valid &&
2295             (client->export_meta.base_allocation ||
2296              client->export_meta.bitmap))
2297         {
2298             bool dont_fragment = request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_REQ_ONE;
2299 
2300             if (client->export_meta.base_allocation) {
2301                 ret = nbd_co_send_block_status(client, request->handle,
2302                                                blk_bs(exp->blk), request->from,
2303                                                request->len, dont_fragment,
2304                                                !client->export_meta.bitmap,
2305                                                NBD_META_ID_BASE_ALLOCATION,
2306                                                errp);
2307                 if (ret < 0) {
2308                     return ret;
2309                 }
2310             }
2311 
2312             if (client->export_meta.bitmap) {
2313                 ret = nbd_co_send_bitmap(client, request->handle,
2314                                          client->exp->export_bitmap,
2315                                          request->from, request->len,
2316                                          dont_fragment,
2317                                          true, NBD_META_ID_DIRTY_BITMAP, errp);
2318                 if (ret < 0) {
2319                     return ret;
2320                 }
2321             }
2322 
2323             return ret;
2324         } else {
2325             return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, -EINVAL,
2326                                           "CMD_BLOCK_STATUS not negotiated",
2327                                           errp);
2328         }
2329 
2330     default:
2331         msg = g_strdup_printf("invalid request type (%" PRIu32 ") received",
2332                               request->type);
2333         ret = nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, -EINVAL, msg,
2334                                      errp);
2335         g_free(msg);
2336         return ret;
2337     }
2338 }
2339 
2340 /* Owns a reference to the NBDClient passed as opaque.  */
2341 static coroutine_fn void nbd_trip(void *opaque)
2342 {
2343     NBDClient *client = opaque;
2344     NBDRequestData *req;
2345     NBDRequest request = { 0 };    /* GCC thinks it can be used uninitialized */
2346     int ret;
2347     Error *local_err = NULL;
2348 
2349     trace_nbd_trip();
2350     if (client->closing) {
2351         nbd_client_put(client);
2352         return;
2353     }
2354 
2355     req = nbd_request_get(client);
2356     ret = nbd_co_receive_request(req, &request, &local_err);
2357     client->recv_coroutine = NULL;
2358 
2359     if (client->closing) {
2360         /*
2361          * The client may be closed when we are blocked in
2362          * nbd_co_receive_request()
2363          */
2364         goto done;
2365     }
2366 
2367     nbd_client_receive_next_request(client);
2368     if (ret == -EIO) {
2369         goto disconnect;
2370     }
2371 
2372     if (ret < 0) {
2373         /* It wans't -EIO, so, according to nbd_co_receive_request()
2374          * semantics, we should return the error to the client. */
2375         Error *export_err = local_err;
2376 
2377         local_err = NULL;
2378         ret = nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request.handle, -EINVAL,
2379                                      error_get_pretty(export_err), &local_err);
2380         error_free(export_err);
2381     } else {
2382         ret = nbd_handle_request(client, &request, req->data, &local_err);
2383     }
2384     if (ret < 0) {
2385         error_prepend(&local_err, "Failed to send reply: ");
2386         goto disconnect;
2387     }
2388 
2389     /* We must disconnect after NBD_CMD_WRITE if we did not
2390      * read the payload.
2391      */
2392     if (!req->complete) {
2393         error_setg(&local_err, "Request handling failed in intermediate state");
2394         goto disconnect;
2395     }
2396 
2397 done:
2398     nbd_request_put(req);
2399     nbd_client_put(client);
2400     return;
2401 
2402 disconnect:
2403     if (local_err) {
2404         error_reportf_err(local_err, "Disconnect client, due to: ");
2405     }
2406     nbd_request_put(req);
2407     client_close(client, true);
2408     nbd_client_put(client);
2409 }
2410 
2411 static void nbd_client_receive_next_request(NBDClient *client)
2412 {
2413     if (!client->recv_coroutine && client->nb_requests < MAX_NBD_REQUESTS) {
2414         nbd_client_get(client);
2415         client->recv_coroutine = qemu_coroutine_create(nbd_trip, client);
2416         aio_co_schedule(client->exp->ctx, client->recv_coroutine);
2417     }
2418 }
2419 
2420 static coroutine_fn void nbd_co_client_start(void *opaque)
2421 {
2422     NBDClient *client = opaque;
2423     Error *local_err = NULL;
2424 
2425     qemu_co_mutex_init(&client->send_lock);
2426 
2427     if (nbd_negotiate(client, &local_err)) {
2428         if (local_err) {
2429             error_report_err(local_err);
2430         }
2431         client_close(client, false);
2432         return;
2433     }
2434 
2435     nbd_client_receive_next_request(client);
2436 }
2437 
2438 /*
2439  * Create a new client listener using the given channel @sioc.
2440  * Begin servicing it in a coroutine.  When the connection closes, call
2441  * @close_fn with an indication of whether the client completed negotiation.
2442  */
2443 void nbd_client_new(QIOChannelSocket *sioc,
2444                     QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds,
2445                     const char *tlsauthz,
2446                     void (*close_fn)(NBDClient *, bool))
2447 {
2448     NBDClient *client;
2449     Coroutine *co;
2450 
2451     client = g_new0(NBDClient, 1);
2452     client->refcount = 1;
2453     client->tlscreds = tlscreds;
2454     if (tlscreds) {
2455         object_ref(OBJECT(client->tlscreds));
2456     }
2457     client->tlsauthz = g_strdup(tlsauthz);
2458     client->sioc = sioc;
2459     object_ref(OBJECT(client->sioc));
2460     client->ioc = QIO_CHANNEL(sioc);
2461     object_ref(OBJECT(client->ioc));
2462     client->close_fn = close_fn;
2463 
2464     co = qemu_coroutine_create(nbd_co_client_start, client);
2465     qemu_coroutine_enter(co);
2466 }
2467