xref: /openbmc/qemu/nbd/server.c (revision 583c9884)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright Red Hat
3  *  Copyright (C) 2005  Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
4  *
5  *  Network Block Device Server Side
6  *
7  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  *  the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
10  *
11  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
18  */
19 
20 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
21 
22 #include "block/block_int.h"
23 #include "block/export.h"
24 #include "block/dirty-bitmap.h"
25 #include "qapi/error.h"
26 #include "qemu/queue.h"
27 #include "trace.h"
28 #include "nbd-internal.h"
29 #include "qemu/units.h"
30 #include "qemu/memalign.h"
31 
32 #define NBD_META_ID_BASE_ALLOCATION 0
33 #define NBD_META_ID_ALLOCATION_DEPTH 1
34 /* Dirty bitmaps use 'NBD_META_ID_DIRTY_BITMAP + i', so keep this id last. */
35 #define NBD_META_ID_DIRTY_BITMAP 2
36 
37 /*
38  * NBD_MAX_BLOCK_STATUS_EXTENTS: 1 MiB of extents data. An empirical
39  * constant. If an increase is needed, note that the NBD protocol
40  * recommends no larger than 32 mb, so that the client won't consider
41  * the reply as a denial of service attack.
42  */
43 #define NBD_MAX_BLOCK_STATUS_EXTENTS (1 * MiB / 8)
44 
45 static int system_errno_to_nbd_errno(int err)
46 {
47     switch (err) {
48     case 0:
49         return NBD_SUCCESS;
50     case EPERM:
51     case EROFS:
52         return NBD_EPERM;
53     case EIO:
54         return NBD_EIO;
55     case ENOMEM:
56         return NBD_ENOMEM;
57 #ifdef EDQUOT
58     case EDQUOT:
59 #endif
60     case EFBIG:
61     case ENOSPC:
62         return NBD_ENOSPC;
63     case EOVERFLOW:
64         return NBD_EOVERFLOW;
65     case ENOTSUP:
66 #if ENOTSUP != EOPNOTSUPP
67     case EOPNOTSUPP:
68 #endif
69         return NBD_ENOTSUP;
70     case ESHUTDOWN:
71         return NBD_ESHUTDOWN;
72     case EINVAL:
73     default:
74         return NBD_EINVAL;
75     }
76 }
77 
78 /* Definitions for opaque data types */
79 
80 typedef struct NBDRequestData NBDRequestData;
81 
82 struct NBDRequestData {
83     NBDClient *client;
84     uint8_t *data;
85     bool complete;
86 };
87 
88 struct NBDExport {
89     BlockExport common;
90 
91     char *name;
92     char *description;
93     uint64_t size;
94     uint16_t nbdflags;
95     QTAILQ_HEAD(, NBDClient) clients;
96     QTAILQ_ENTRY(NBDExport) next;
97 
98     BlockBackend *eject_notifier_blk;
99     Notifier eject_notifier;
100 
101     bool allocation_depth;
102     BdrvDirtyBitmap **export_bitmaps;
103     size_t nr_export_bitmaps;
104 };
105 
106 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, NBDExport) exports = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(exports);
107 
108 /*
109  * NBDMetaContexts represents a list of meta contexts in use,
110  * as selected by NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT. Also used for
111  * NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT.
112  */
113 struct NBDMetaContexts {
114     const NBDExport *exp; /* associated export */
115     size_t count; /* number of negotiated contexts */
116     bool base_allocation; /* export base:allocation context (block status) */
117     bool allocation_depth; /* export qemu:allocation-depth */
118     bool *bitmaps; /*
119                     * export qemu:dirty-bitmap:<export bitmap name>,
120                     * sized by exp->nr_export_bitmaps
121                     */
122 };
123 
124 struct NBDClient {
125     int refcount; /* atomic */
126     void (*close_fn)(NBDClient *client, bool negotiated);
127     void *owner;
128 
129     QemuMutex lock;
130 
131     NBDExport *exp;
132     QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds;
133     char *tlsauthz;
134     uint32_t handshake_max_secs;
135     QIOChannelSocket *sioc; /* The underlying data channel */
136     QIOChannel *ioc; /* The current I/O channel which may differ (eg TLS) */
137 
138     Coroutine *recv_coroutine; /* protected by lock */
139 
140     CoMutex send_lock;
141     Coroutine *send_coroutine;
142 
143     bool read_yielding; /* protected by lock */
144     bool quiescing; /* protected by lock */
145 
146     QTAILQ_ENTRY(NBDClient) next;
147     int nb_requests; /* protected by lock */
148     bool closing; /* protected by lock */
149 
150     uint32_t check_align; /* If non-zero, check for aligned client requests */
151 
152     NBDMode mode;
153     NBDMetaContexts contexts; /* Negotiated meta contexts */
154 
155     uint32_t opt; /* Current option being negotiated */
156     uint32_t optlen; /* remaining length of data in ioc for the option being
157                         negotiated now */
158 };
159 
160 static void nbd_client_receive_next_request(NBDClient *client);
161 
162 /* Basic flow for negotiation
163 
164    Server         Client
165    Negotiate
166 
167    or
168 
169    Server         Client
170    Negotiate #1
171                   Option
172    Negotiate #2
173 
174    ----
175 
176    followed by
177 
178    Server         Client
179                   Request
180    Response
181                   Request
182    Response
183                   ...
184    ...
185                   Request (type == 2)
186 
187 */
188 
189 static inline void set_be_option_rep(NBDOptionReply *rep, uint32_t option,
190                                      uint32_t type, uint32_t length)
191 {
192     stq_be_p(&rep->magic, NBD_REP_MAGIC);
193     stl_be_p(&rep->option, option);
194     stl_be_p(&rep->type, type);
195     stl_be_p(&rep->length, length);
196 }
197 
198 /* Send a reply header, including length, but no payload.
199  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
200 static coroutine_fn int
201 nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type,
202                            uint32_t len, Error **errp)
203 {
204     NBDOptionReply rep;
205 
206     trace_nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(client->opt, nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt),
207                                      type, nbd_rep_lookup(type), len);
208 
209     assert(len < NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
210 
211     set_be_option_rep(&rep, client->opt, type, len);
212     return nbd_write(client->ioc, &rep, sizeof(rep), errp);
213 }
214 
215 /* Send a reply header with default 0 length.
216  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
217 static coroutine_fn int
218 nbd_negotiate_send_rep(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type, Error **errp)
219 {
220     return nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(client, type, 0, errp);
221 }
222 
223 /* Send an error reply.
224  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
225 static coroutine_fn int G_GNUC_PRINTF(4, 0)
226 nbd_negotiate_send_rep_verr(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type,
227                             Error **errp, const char *fmt, va_list va)
228 {
229     ERRP_GUARD();
230     g_autofree char *msg = NULL;
231     int ret;
232     size_t len;
233 
234     msg = g_strdup_vprintf(fmt, va);
235     len = strlen(msg);
236     assert(len < NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE);
237     trace_nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(msg);
238     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(client, type, len, errp);
239     if (ret < 0) {
240         return ret;
241     }
242     if (nbd_write(client->ioc, msg, len, errp) < 0) {
243         error_prepend(errp, "write failed (error message): ");
244         return -EIO;
245     }
246 
247     return 0;
248 }
249 
250 /*
251  * Return a malloc'd copy of @name suitable for use in an error reply.
252  */
253 static char *
254 nbd_sanitize_name(const char *name)
255 {
256     if (strnlen(name, 80) < 80) {
257         return g_strdup(name);
258     }
259     /* XXX Should we also try to sanitize any control characters? */
260     return g_strdup_printf("%.80s...", name);
261 }
262 
263 /* Send an error reply.
264  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
265 static coroutine_fn int G_GNUC_PRINTF(4, 5)
266 nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type,
267                            Error **errp, const char *fmt, ...)
268 {
269     va_list va;
270     int ret;
271 
272     va_start(va, fmt);
273     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_verr(client, type, errp, fmt, va);
274     va_end(va);
275     return ret;
276 }
277 
278 /* Drop remainder of the current option, and send a reply with the
279  * given error type and message. Return -errno on read or write
280  * failure; or 0 if connection is still live. */
281 static coroutine_fn int G_GNUC_PRINTF(4, 0)
282 nbd_opt_vdrop(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type, Error **errp,
283               const char *fmt, va_list va)
284 {
285     int ret = nbd_drop(client->ioc, client->optlen, errp);
286 
287     client->optlen = 0;
288     if (!ret) {
289         ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_verr(client, type, errp, fmt, va);
290     }
291     return ret;
292 }
293 
294 static coroutine_fn int G_GNUC_PRINTF(4, 5)
295 nbd_opt_drop(NBDClient *client, uint32_t type, Error **errp,
296              const char *fmt, ...)
297 {
298     int ret;
299     va_list va;
300 
301     va_start(va, fmt);
302     ret = nbd_opt_vdrop(client, type, errp, fmt, va);
303     va_end(va);
304 
305     return ret;
306 }
307 
308 static coroutine_fn int G_GNUC_PRINTF(3, 4)
309 nbd_opt_invalid(NBDClient *client, Error **errp, const char *fmt, ...)
310 {
311     int ret;
312     va_list va;
313 
314     va_start(va, fmt);
315     ret = nbd_opt_vdrop(client, NBD_REP_ERR_INVALID, errp, fmt, va);
316     va_end(va);
317 
318     return ret;
319 }
320 
321 /* Read size bytes from the unparsed payload of the current option.
322  * If @check_nul, require that no NUL bytes appear in buffer.
323  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
324  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success. */
325 static coroutine_fn int
326 nbd_opt_read(NBDClient *client, void *buffer, size_t size,
327              bool check_nul, Error **errp)
328 {
329     if (size > client->optlen) {
330         return nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp,
331                                "Inconsistent lengths in option %s",
332                                nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
333     }
334     client->optlen -= size;
335     if (qio_channel_read_all(client->ioc, buffer, size, errp) < 0) {
336         return -EIO;
337     }
338 
339     if (check_nul && strnlen(buffer, size) != size) {
340         return nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp,
341                                "Unexpected embedded NUL in option %s",
342                                nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
343     }
344     return 1;
345 }
346 
347 /* Drop size bytes from the unparsed payload of the current option.
348  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
349  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success. */
350 static coroutine_fn int
351 nbd_opt_skip(NBDClient *client, size_t size, Error **errp)
352 {
353     if (size > client->optlen) {
354         return nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp,
355                                "Inconsistent lengths in option %s",
356                                nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
357     }
358     client->optlen -= size;
359     return nbd_drop(client->ioc, size, errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 1;
360 }
361 
362 /* nbd_opt_read_name
363  *
364  * Read a string with the format:
365  *   uint32_t len     (<= NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE)
366  *   len bytes string (not 0-terminated)
367  *
368  * On success, @name will be allocated.
369  * If @length is non-null, it will be set to the actual string length.
370  *
371  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
372  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success.
373  */
374 static coroutine_fn int
375 nbd_opt_read_name(NBDClient *client, char **name, uint32_t *length,
376                   Error **errp)
377 {
378     int ret;
379     uint32_t len;
380     g_autofree char *local_name = NULL;
381 
382     *name = NULL;
383     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, &len, sizeof(len), false, errp);
384     if (ret <= 0) {
385         return ret;
386     }
387     len = cpu_to_be32(len);
388 
389     if (len > NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE) {
390         return nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp,
391                                "Invalid name length: %" PRIu32, len);
392     }
393 
394     local_name = g_malloc(len + 1);
395     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, local_name, len, true, errp);
396     if (ret <= 0) {
397         return ret;
398     }
399     local_name[len] = '\0';
400 
401     if (length) {
402         *length = len;
403     }
404     *name = g_steal_pointer(&local_name);
405 
406     return 1;
407 }
408 
409 /* Send a single NBD_REP_SERVER reply to NBD_OPT_LIST, including payload.
410  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
411 static coroutine_fn int
412 nbd_negotiate_send_rep_list(NBDClient *client, NBDExport *exp, Error **errp)
413 {
414     ERRP_GUARD();
415     size_t name_len, desc_len;
416     uint32_t len;
417     const char *name = exp->name ? exp->name : "";
418     const char *desc = exp->description ? exp->description : "";
419     QIOChannel *ioc = client->ioc;
420     int ret;
421 
422     trace_nbd_negotiate_send_rep_list(name, desc);
423     name_len = strlen(name);
424     desc_len = strlen(desc);
425     assert(name_len <= NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE && desc_len <= NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE);
426     len = name_len + desc_len + sizeof(len);
427     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(client, NBD_REP_SERVER, len, errp);
428     if (ret < 0) {
429         return ret;
430     }
431 
432     len = cpu_to_be32(name_len);
433     if (nbd_write(ioc, &len, sizeof(len), errp) < 0) {
434         error_prepend(errp, "write failed (name length): ");
435         return -EINVAL;
436     }
437 
438     if (nbd_write(ioc, name, name_len, errp) < 0) {
439         error_prepend(errp, "write failed (name buffer): ");
440         return -EINVAL;
441     }
442 
443     if (nbd_write(ioc, desc, desc_len, errp) < 0) {
444         error_prepend(errp, "write failed (description buffer): ");
445         return -EINVAL;
446     }
447 
448     return 0;
449 }
450 
451 /* Process the NBD_OPT_LIST command, with a potential series of replies.
452  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
453 static coroutine_fn int
454 nbd_negotiate_handle_list(NBDClient *client, Error **errp)
455 {
456     NBDExport *exp;
457     assert(client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST);
458 
459     /* For each export, send a NBD_REP_SERVER reply. */
460     QTAILQ_FOREACH(exp, &exports, next) {
461         if (nbd_negotiate_send_rep_list(client, exp, errp)) {
462             return -EINVAL;
463         }
464     }
465     /* Finish with a NBD_REP_ACK. */
466     return nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp);
467 }
468 
469 static coroutine_fn void
470 nbd_check_meta_export(NBDClient *client, NBDExport *exp)
471 {
472     if (exp != client->contexts.exp) {
473         client->contexts.count = 0;
474     }
475 }
476 
477 /* Send a reply to NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME.
478  * Return -errno on error, 0 on success. */
479 static coroutine_fn int
480 nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name(NBDClient *client, bool no_zeroes,
481                                  Error **errp)
482 {
483     ERRP_GUARD();
484     g_autofree char *name = NULL;
485     char buf[NBD_REPLY_EXPORT_NAME_SIZE] = "";
486     size_t len;
487     int ret;
488     uint16_t myflags;
489 
490     /* Client sends:
491         [20 ..  xx]   export name (length bytes)
492        Server replies:
493         [ 0 ..   7]   size
494         [ 8 ..   9]   export flags
495         [10 .. 133]   reserved     (0) [unless no_zeroes]
496      */
497     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name();
498     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED) {
499         error_setg(errp, "Extended headers already negotiated");
500         return -EINVAL;
501     }
502     if (client->optlen > NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE) {
503         error_setg(errp, "Bad length received");
504         return -EINVAL;
505     }
506     name = g_malloc(client->optlen + 1);
507     if (nbd_read(client->ioc, name, client->optlen, "export name", errp) < 0) {
508         return -EIO;
509     }
510     name[client->optlen] = '\0';
511     client->optlen = 0;
512 
513     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name_request(name);
514 
515     client->exp = nbd_export_find(name);
516     if (!client->exp) {
517         error_setg(errp, "export not found");
518         return -EINVAL;
519     }
520     nbd_check_meta_export(client, client->exp);
521 
522     myflags = client->exp->nbdflags;
523     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED) {
524         myflags |= NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF;
525     }
526     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED && client->contexts.count) {
527         myflags |= NBD_FLAG_BLOCK_STAT_PAYLOAD;
528     }
529     trace_nbd_negotiate_new_style_size_flags(client->exp->size, myflags);
530     stq_be_p(buf, client->exp->size);
531     stw_be_p(buf + 8, myflags);
532     len = no_zeroes ? 10 : sizeof(buf);
533     ret = nbd_write(client->ioc, buf, len, errp);
534     if (ret < 0) {
535         error_prepend(errp, "write failed: ");
536         return ret;
537     }
538 
539     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&client->exp->clients, client, next);
540     blk_exp_ref(&client->exp->common);
541 
542     return 0;
543 }
544 
545 /* Send a single NBD_REP_INFO, with a buffer @buf of @length bytes.
546  * The buffer does NOT include the info type prefix.
547  * Return -errno on error, 0 if ready to send more. */
548 static coroutine_fn int
549 nbd_negotiate_send_info(NBDClient *client, uint16_t info, uint32_t length,
550                         void *buf, Error **errp)
551 {
552     int rc;
553 
554     trace_nbd_negotiate_send_info(info, nbd_info_lookup(info), length);
555     rc = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_len(client, NBD_REP_INFO,
556                                     sizeof(info) + length, errp);
557     if (rc < 0) {
558         return rc;
559     }
560     info = cpu_to_be16(info);
561     if (nbd_write(client->ioc, &info, sizeof(info), errp) < 0) {
562         return -EIO;
563     }
564     if (nbd_write(client->ioc, buf, length, errp) < 0) {
565         return -EIO;
566     }
567     return 0;
568 }
569 
570 /* nbd_reject_length: Handle any unexpected payload.
571  * @fatal requests that we quit talking to the client, even if we are able
572  * to successfully send an error reply.
573  * Return:
574  * -errno  transmission error occurred or @fatal was requested, errp is set
575  * 0       error message successfully sent to client, errp is not set
576  */
577 static coroutine_fn int
578 nbd_reject_length(NBDClient *client, bool fatal, Error **errp)
579 {
580     int ret;
581 
582     assert(client->optlen);
583     ret = nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp, "option '%s' has unexpected length",
584                           nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
585     if (fatal && !ret) {
586         error_setg(errp, "option '%s' has unexpected length",
587                    nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
588         return -EINVAL;
589     }
590     return ret;
591 }
592 
593 /* Handle NBD_OPT_INFO and NBD_OPT_GO.
594  * Return -errno on error, 0 if ready for next option, and 1 to move
595  * into transmission phase.  */
596 static coroutine_fn int
597 nbd_negotiate_handle_info(NBDClient *client, Error **errp)
598 {
599     int rc;
600     g_autofree char *name = NULL;
601     NBDExport *exp;
602     uint16_t requests;
603     uint16_t request;
604     uint32_t namelen = 0;
605     bool sendname = false;
606     bool blocksize = false;
607     uint32_t sizes[3];
608     char buf[sizeof(uint64_t) + sizeof(uint16_t)];
609     uint32_t check_align = 0;
610     uint16_t myflags;
611 
612     /* Client sends:
613         4 bytes: L, name length (can be 0)
614         L bytes: export name
615         2 bytes: N, number of requests (can be 0)
616         N * 2 bytes: N requests
617     */
618     rc = nbd_opt_read_name(client, &name, &namelen, errp);
619     if (rc <= 0) {
620         return rc;
621     }
622     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name_request(name);
623 
624     rc = nbd_opt_read(client, &requests, sizeof(requests), false, errp);
625     if (rc <= 0) {
626         return rc;
627     }
628     requests = be16_to_cpu(requests);
629     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_info_requests(requests);
630     while (requests--) {
631         rc = nbd_opt_read(client, &request, sizeof(request), false, errp);
632         if (rc <= 0) {
633             return rc;
634         }
635         request = be16_to_cpu(request);
636         trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_info_request(request,
637                                                 nbd_info_lookup(request));
638         /* We care about NBD_INFO_NAME and NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE;
639          * everything else is either a request we don't know or
640          * something we send regardless of request */
641         switch (request) {
642         case NBD_INFO_NAME:
643             sendname = true;
644             break;
645         case NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE:
646             blocksize = true;
647             break;
648         }
649     }
650     if (client->optlen) {
651         return nbd_reject_length(client, false, errp);
652     }
653 
654     exp = nbd_export_find(name);
655     if (!exp) {
656         g_autofree char *sane_name = nbd_sanitize_name(name);
657 
658         return nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(client, NBD_REP_ERR_UNKNOWN,
659                                           errp, "export '%s' not present",
660                                           sane_name);
661     }
662     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_GO) {
663         nbd_check_meta_export(client, exp);
664     }
665 
666     /* Don't bother sending NBD_INFO_NAME unless client requested it */
667     if (sendname) {
668         rc = nbd_negotiate_send_info(client, NBD_INFO_NAME, namelen, name,
669                                      errp);
670         if (rc < 0) {
671             return rc;
672         }
673     }
674 
675     /* Send NBD_INFO_DESCRIPTION only if available, regardless of
676      * client request */
677     if (exp->description) {
678         size_t len = strlen(exp->description);
679 
680         assert(len <= NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE);
681         rc = nbd_negotiate_send_info(client, NBD_INFO_DESCRIPTION,
682                                      len, exp->description, errp);
683         if (rc < 0) {
684             return rc;
685         }
686     }
687 
688     /* Send NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE always, but tweak the minimum size
689      * according to whether the client requested it, and according to
690      * whether this is OPT_INFO or OPT_GO. */
691     /* minimum - 1 for back-compat, or actual if client will obey it. */
692     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_INFO || blocksize) {
693         check_align = sizes[0] = blk_get_request_alignment(exp->common.blk);
694     } else {
695         sizes[0] = 1;
696     }
697     assert(sizes[0] <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
698     /* preferred - Hard-code to 4096 for now.
699      * TODO: is blk_bs(blk)->bl.opt_transfer appropriate? */
700     sizes[1] = MAX(4096, sizes[0]);
701     /* maximum - At most 32M, but smaller as appropriate. */
702     sizes[2] = MIN(blk_get_max_transfer(exp->common.blk), NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
703     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_info_block_size(sizes[0], sizes[1], sizes[2]);
704     sizes[0] = cpu_to_be32(sizes[0]);
705     sizes[1] = cpu_to_be32(sizes[1]);
706     sizes[2] = cpu_to_be32(sizes[2]);
707     rc = nbd_negotiate_send_info(client, NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE,
708                                  sizeof(sizes), sizes, errp);
709     if (rc < 0) {
710         return rc;
711     }
712 
713     /* Send NBD_INFO_EXPORT always */
714     myflags = exp->nbdflags;
715     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED) {
716         myflags |= NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF;
717     }
718     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED &&
719         (client->contexts.count || client->opt == NBD_OPT_INFO)) {
720         myflags |= NBD_FLAG_BLOCK_STAT_PAYLOAD;
721     }
722     trace_nbd_negotiate_new_style_size_flags(exp->size, myflags);
723     stq_be_p(buf, exp->size);
724     stw_be_p(buf + 8, myflags);
725     rc = nbd_negotiate_send_info(client, NBD_INFO_EXPORT,
726                                  sizeof(buf), buf, errp);
727     if (rc < 0) {
728         return rc;
729     }
730 
731     /*
732      * If the client is just asking for NBD_OPT_INFO, but forgot to
733      * request block sizes in a situation that would impact
734      * performance, then return an error. But for NBD_OPT_GO, we
735      * tolerate all clients, regardless of alignments.
736      */
737     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_INFO && !blocksize &&
738         blk_get_request_alignment(exp->common.blk) > 1) {
739         return nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(client,
740                                           NBD_REP_ERR_BLOCK_SIZE_REQD,
741                                           errp,
742                                           "request NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE to "
743                                           "use this export");
744     }
745 
746     /* Final reply */
747     rc = nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp);
748     if (rc < 0) {
749         return rc;
750     }
751 
752     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_GO) {
753         client->exp = exp;
754         client->check_align = check_align;
755         QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&client->exp->clients, client, next);
756         blk_exp_ref(&client->exp->common);
757         rc = 1;
758     }
759     return rc;
760 }
761 
762 /* Callback to learn when QIO TLS upgrade is complete */
763 struct NBDTLSServerHandshakeData {
764     bool complete;
765     Error *error;
766     Coroutine *co;
767 };
768 
769 static void
770 nbd_server_tls_handshake(QIOTask *task, void *opaque)
771 {
772     struct NBDTLSServerHandshakeData *data = opaque;
773 
774     qio_task_propagate_error(task, &data->error);
775     data->complete = true;
776     if (!qemu_coroutine_entered(data->co)) {
777         aio_co_wake(data->co);
778     }
779 }
780 
781 /* Handle NBD_OPT_STARTTLS. Return NULL to drop connection, or else the
782  * new channel for all further (now-encrypted) communication. */
783 static coroutine_fn QIOChannel *
784 nbd_negotiate_handle_starttls(NBDClient *client, Error **errp)
785 {
786     QIOChannel *ioc;
787     QIOChannelTLS *tioc;
788     struct NBDTLSServerHandshakeData data = { 0 };
789 
790     assert(client->opt == NBD_OPT_STARTTLS);
791 
792     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_starttls();
793     ioc = client->ioc;
794 
795     if (nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp) < 0) {
796         return NULL;
797     }
798 
799     tioc = qio_channel_tls_new_server(ioc,
800                                       client->tlscreds,
801                                       client->tlsauthz,
802                                       errp);
803     if (!tioc) {
804         return NULL;
805     }
806 
807     qio_channel_set_name(QIO_CHANNEL(tioc), "nbd-server-tls");
808     trace_nbd_negotiate_handle_starttls_handshake();
809     data.co = qemu_coroutine_self();
810     qio_channel_tls_handshake(tioc,
811                               nbd_server_tls_handshake,
812                               &data,
813                               NULL,
814                               NULL);
815 
816     if (!data.complete) {
817         qemu_coroutine_yield();
818         assert(data.complete);
819     }
820 
821     if (data.error) {
822         object_unref(OBJECT(tioc));
823         error_propagate(errp, data.error);
824         return NULL;
825     }
826 
827     return QIO_CHANNEL(tioc);
828 }
829 
830 /* nbd_negotiate_send_meta_context
831  *
832  * Send one chunk of reply to NBD_OPT_{LIST,SET}_META_CONTEXT
833  *
834  * For NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT @context_id is ignored, 0 is used instead.
835  */
836 static coroutine_fn int
837 nbd_negotiate_send_meta_context(NBDClient *client, const char *context,
838                                 uint32_t context_id, Error **errp)
839 {
840     NBDOptionReplyMetaContext opt;
841     struct iovec iov[] = {
842         {.iov_base = &opt, .iov_len = sizeof(opt)},
843         {.iov_base = (void *)context, .iov_len = strlen(context)}
844     };
845 
846     assert(iov[1].iov_len <= NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE);
847     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT) {
848         context_id = 0;
849     }
850 
851     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_reply(context, context_id);
852     set_be_option_rep(&opt.h, client->opt, NBD_REP_META_CONTEXT,
853                       sizeof(opt) - sizeof(opt.h) + iov[1].iov_len);
854     stl_be_p(&opt.context_id, context_id);
855 
856     return qio_channel_writev_all(client->ioc, iov, 2, errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 0;
857 }
858 
859 /*
860  * Return true if @query matches @pattern, or if @query is empty when
861  * the @client is performing _LIST_.
862  */
863 static coroutine_fn bool
864 nbd_meta_empty_or_pattern(NBDClient *client, const char *pattern,
865                           const char *query)
866 {
867     if (!*query) {
868         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("empty");
869         return client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT;
870     }
871     if (strcmp(query, pattern) == 0) {
872         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse(pattern);
873         return true;
874     }
875     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("pattern not matched");
876     return false;
877 }
878 
879 /*
880  * Return true and adjust @str in place if it begins with @prefix.
881  */
882 static coroutine_fn bool
883 nbd_strshift(const char **str, const char *prefix)
884 {
885     size_t len = strlen(prefix);
886 
887     if (strncmp(*str, prefix, len) == 0) {
888         *str += len;
889         return true;
890     }
891     return false;
892 }
893 
894 /* nbd_meta_base_query
895  *
896  * Handle queries to 'base' namespace. For now, only the base:allocation
897  * context is available.  Return true if @query has been handled.
898  */
899 static coroutine_fn bool
900 nbd_meta_base_query(NBDClient *client, NBDMetaContexts *meta,
901                     const char *query)
902 {
903     if (!nbd_strshift(&query, "base:")) {
904         return false;
905     }
906     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("base:");
907 
908     if (nbd_meta_empty_or_pattern(client, "allocation", query)) {
909         meta->base_allocation = true;
910     }
911     return true;
912 }
913 
914 /* nbd_meta_qemu_query
915  *
916  * Handle queries to 'qemu' namespace. For now, only the qemu:dirty-bitmap:
917  * and qemu:allocation-depth contexts are available.  Return true if @query
918  * has been handled.
919  */
920 static coroutine_fn bool
921 nbd_meta_qemu_query(NBDClient *client, NBDMetaContexts *meta,
922                     const char *query)
923 {
924     size_t i;
925 
926     if (!nbd_strshift(&query, "qemu:")) {
927         return false;
928     }
929     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("qemu:");
930 
931     if (!*query) {
932         if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT) {
933             meta->allocation_depth = meta->exp->allocation_depth;
934             if (meta->exp->nr_export_bitmaps) {
935                 memset(meta->bitmaps, 1, meta->exp->nr_export_bitmaps);
936             }
937         }
938         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("empty");
939         return true;
940     }
941 
942     if (strcmp(query, "allocation-depth") == 0) {
943         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("allocation-depth");
944         meta->allocation_depth = meta->exp->allocation_depth;
945         return true;
946     }
947 
948     if (nbd_strshift(&query, "dirty-bitmap:")) {
949         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("dirty-bitmap:");
950         if (!*query) {
951             if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT &&
952                 meta->exp->nr_export_bitmaps) {
953                 memset(meta->bitmaps, 1, meta->exp->nr_export_bitmaps);
954             }
955             trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse("empty");
956             return true;
957         }
958 
959         for (i = 0; i < meta->exp->nr_export_bitmaps; i++) {
960             const char *bm_name;
961 
962             bm_name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(meta->exp->export_bitmaps[i]);
963             if (strcmp(bm_name, query) == 0) {
964                 meta->bitmaps[i] = true;
965                 trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_parse(query);
966                 return true;
967             }
968         }
969         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("no dirty-bitmap match");
970         return true;
971     }
972 
973     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("unknown qemu context");
974     return true;
975 }
976 
977 /* nbd_negotiate_meta_query
978  *
979  * Parse namespace name and call corresponding function to parse body of the
980  * query.
981  *
982  * The only supported namespaces are 'base' and 'qemu'.
983  *
984  * Return -errno on I/O error, 0 if option was completely handled by
985  * sending a reply about inconsistent lengths, or 1 on success. */
986 static coroutine_fn int
987 nbd_negotiate_meta_query(NBDClient *client,
988                          NBDMetaContexts *meta, Error **errp)
989 {
990     int ret;
991     g_autofree char *query = NULL;
992     uint32_t len;
993 
994     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, &len, sizeof(len), false, errp);
995     if (ret <= 0) {
996         return ret;
997     }
998     len = cpu_to_be32(len);
999 
1000     if (len > NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE) {
1001         trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("length too long");
1002         return nbd_opt_skip(client, len, errp);
1003     }
1004 
1005     query = g_malloc(len + 1);
1006     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, query, len, true, errp);
1007     if (ret <= 0) {
1008         return ret;
1009     }
1010     query[len] = '\0';
1011 
1012     if (nbd_meta_base_query(client, meta, query)) {
1013         return 1;
1014     }
1015     if (nbd_meta_qemu_query(client, meta, query)) {
1016         return 1;
1017     }
1018 
1019     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_query_skip("unknown namespace");
1020     return 1;
1021 }
1022 
1023 /* nbd_negotiate_meta_queries
1024  * Handle NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT and NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT
1025  *
1026  * Return -errno on I/O error, or 0 if option was completely handled. */
1027 static coroutine_fn int
1028 nbd_negotiate_meta_queries(NBDClient *client, Error **errp)
1029 {
1030     int ret;
1031     g_autofree char *export_name = NULL;
1032     /* Mark unused to work around https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=3888 */
1033     g_autofree G_GNUC_UNUSED bool *bitmaps = NULL;
1034     NBDMetaContexts local_meta = {0};
1035     NBDMetaContexts *meta;
1036     uint32_t nb_queries;
1037     size_t i;
1038     size_t count = 0;
1039 
1040     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT &&
1041         client->mode < NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED) {
1042         return nbd_opt_invalid(client, errp,
1043                                "request option '%s' when structured reply "
1044                                "is not negotiated",
1045                                nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt));
1046     }
1047 
1048     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT) {
1049         /* Only change the caller's meta on SET. */
1050         meta = &local_meta;
1051     } else {
1052         meta = &client->contexts;
1053     }
1054 
1055     g_free(meta->bitmaps);
1056     memset(meta, 0, sizeof(*meta));
1057 
1058     ret = nbd_opt_read_name(client, &export_name, NULL, errp);
1059     if (ret <= 0) {
1060         return ret;
1061     }
1062 
1063     meta->exp = nbd_export_find(export_name);
1064     if (meta->exp == NULL) {
1065         g_autofree char *sane_name = nbd_sanitize_name(export_name);
1066 
1067         return nbd_opt_drop(client, NBD_REP_ERR_UNKNOWN, errp,
1068                             "export '%s' not present", sane_name);
1069     }
1070     meta->bitmaps = g_new0(bool, meta->exp->nr_export_bitmaps);
1071     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT) {
1072         bitmaps = meta->bitmaps;
1073     }
1074 
1075     ret = nbd_opt_read(client, &nb_queries, sizeof(nb_queries), false, errp);
1076     if (ret <= 0) {
1077         return ret;
1078     }
1079     nb_queries = cpu_to_be32(nb_queries);
1080     trace_nbd_negotiate_meta_context(nbd_opt_lookup(client->opt),
1081                                      export_name, nb_queries);
1082 
1083     if (client->opt == NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT && !nb_queries) {
1084         /* enable all known contexts */
1085         meta->base_allocation = true;
1086         meta->allocation_depth = meta->exp->allocation_depth;
1087         if (meta->exp->nr_export_bitmaps) {
1088             memset(meta->bitmaps, 1, meta->exp->nr_export_bitmaps);
1089         }
1090     } else {
1091         for (i = 0; i < nb_queries; ++i) {
1092             ret = nbd_negotiate_meta_query(client, meta, errp);
1093             if (ret <= 0) {
1094                 return ret;
1095             }
1096         }
1097     }
1098 
1099     if (meta->base_allocation) {
1100         ret = nbd_negotiate_send_meta_context(client, "base:allocation",
1101                                               NBD_META_ID_BASE_ALLOCATION,
1102                                               errp);
1103         if (ret < 0) {
1104             return ret;
1105         }
1106         count++;
1107     }
1108 
1109     if (meta->allocation_depth) {
1110         ret = nbd_negotiate_send_meta_context(client, "qemu:allocation-depth",
1111                                               NBD_META_ID_ALLOCATION_DEPTH,
1112                                               errp);
1113         if (ret < 0) {
1114             return ret;
1115         }
1116         count++;
1117     }
1118 
1119     for (i = 0; i < meta->exp->nr_export_bitmaps; i++) {
1120         const char *bm_name;
1121         g_autofree char *context = NULL;
1122 
1123         if (!meta->bitmaps[i]) {
1124             continue;
1125         }
1126 
1127         bm_name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(meta->exp->export_bitmaps[i]);
1128         context = g_strdup_printf("qemu:dirty-bitmap:%s", bm_name);
1129 
1130         ret = nbd_negotiate_send_meta_context(client, context,
1131                                               NBD_META_ID_DIRTY_BITMAP + i,
1132                                               errp);
1133         if (ret < 0) {
1134             return ret;
1135         }
1136         count++;
1137     }
1138 
1139     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp);
1140     if (ret == 0) {
1141         meta->count = count;
1142     }
1143 
1144     return ret;
1145 }
1146 
1147 /* nbd_negotiate_options
1148  * Process all NBD_OPT_* client option commands, during fixed newstyle
1149  * negotiation.
1150  * Return:
1151  * -errno  on error, errp is set
1152  * 0       on successful negotiation, errp is not set
1153  * 1       if client sent NBD_OPT_ABORT (i.e. on valid disconnect) or never
1154  *         wrote anything (i.e. port probe); errp is not set
1155  */
1156 static coroutine_fn int
1157 nbd_negotiate_options(NBDClient *client, Error **errp)
1158 {
1159     uint32_t flags;
1160     bool fixedNewstyle = false;
1161     bool no_zeroes = false;
1162 
1163     /* Client sends:
1164         [ 0 ..   3]   client flags
1165 
1166        Then we loop until NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME or NBD_OPT_GO:
1167         [ 0 ..   7]   NBD_OPTS_MAGIC
1168         [ 8 ..  11]   NBD option
1169         [12 ..  15]   Data length
1170         ...           Rest of request
1171 
1172         [ 0 ..   7]   NBD_OPTS_MAGIC
1173         [ 8 ..  11]   Second NBD option
1174         [12 ..  15]   Data length
1175         ...           Rest of request
1176     */
1177 
1178     /*
1179      * Intentionally ignore errors on this first read - we do not want
1180      * to be noisy about a mere port probe, but only for clients that
1181      * start talking the protocol and then quit abruptly.
1182      */
1183     if (nbd_read32(client->ioc, &flags, "flags", NULL) < 0) {
1184         return 1;
1185     }
1186     client->mode = NBD_MODE_EXPORT_NAME;
1187     trace_nbd_negotiate_options_flags(flags);
1188     if (flags & NBD_FLAG_C_FIXED_NEWSTYLE) {
1189         fixedNewstyle = true;
1190         flags &= ~NBD_FLAG_C_FIXED_NEWSTYLE;
1191         client->mode = NBD_MODE_SIMPLE;
1192     }
1193     if (flags & NBD_FLAG_C_NO_ZEROES) {
1194         no_zeroes = true;
1195         flags &= ~NBD_FLAG_C_NO_ZEROES;
1196     }
1197     if (flags != 0) {
1198         error_setg(errp, "Unknown client flags 0x%" PRIx32 " received", flags);
1199         return -EINVAL;
1200     }
1201 
1202     while (1) {
1203         int ret;
1204         uint32_t option, length;
1205         uint64_t magic;
1206 
1207         if (nbd_read64(client->ioc, &magic, "opts magic", errp) < 0) {
1208             return -EINVAL;
1209         }
1210         trace_nbd_negotiate_options_check_magic(magic);
1211         if (magic != NBD_OPTS_MAGIC) {
1212             error_setg(errp, "Bad magic received");
1213             return -EINVAL;
1214         }
1215 
1216         if (nbd_read32(client->ioc, &option, "option", errp) < 0) {
1217             return -EINVAL;
1218         }
1219         client->opt = option;
1220 
1221         if (nbd_read32(client->ioc, &length, "option length", errp) < 0) {
1222             return -EINVAL;
1223         }
1224         assert(!client->optlen);
1225         client->optlen = length;
1226 
1227         if (length > NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE) {
1228             error_setg(errp, "len (%" PRIu32 ") is larger than max len (%u)",
1229                        length, NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
1230             return -EINVAL;
1231         }
1232 
1233         trace_nbd_negotiate_options_check_option(option,
1234                                                  nbd_opt_lookup(option));
1235         if (client->tlscreds &&
1236             client->ioc == (QIOChannel *)client->sioc) {
1237             QIOChannel *tioc;
1238             if (!fixedNewstyle) {
1239                 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported option 0x%" PRIx32, option);
1240                 return -EINVAL;
1241             }
1242             switch (option) {
1243             case NBD_OPT_STARTTLS:
1244                 if (length) {
1245                     /* Unconditionally drop the connection if the client
1246                      * can't start a TLS negotiation correctly */
1247                     return nbd_reject_length(client, true, errp);
1248                 }
1249                 tioc = nbd_negotiate_handle_starttls(client, errp);
1250                 if (!tioc) {
1251                     return -EIO;
1252                 }
1253                 ret = 0;
1254                 object_unref(OBJECT(client->ioc));
1255                 client->ioc = tioc;
1256                 break;
1257 
1258             case NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME:
1259                 /* No way to return an error to client, so drop connection */
1260                 error_setg(errp, "Option 0x%x not permitted before TLS",
1261                            option);
1262                 return -EINVAL;
1263 
1264             default:
1265                 /* Let the client keep trying, unless they asked to
1266                  * quit. Always try to give an error back to the
1267                  * client; but when replying to OPT_ABORT, be aware
1268                  * that the client may hang up before receiving the
1269                  * error, in which case we are fine ignoring the
1270                  * resulting EPIPE. */
1271                 ret = nbd_opt_drop(client, NBD_REP_ERR_TLS_REQD,
1272                                    option == NBD_OPT_ABORT ? NULL : errp,
1273                                    "Option 0x%" PRIx32
1274                                    " not permitted before TLS", option);
1275                 if (option == NBD_OPT_ABORT) {
1276                     return 1;
1277                 }
1278                 break;
1279             }
1280         } else if (fixedNewstyle) {
1281             switch (option) {
1282             case NBD_OPT_LIST:
1283                 if (length) {
1284                     ret = nbd_reject_length(client, false, errp);
1285                 } else {
1286                     ret = nbd_negotiate_handle_list(client, errp);
1287                 }
1288                 break;
1289 
1290             case NBD_OPT_ABORT:
1291                 /* NBD spec says we must try to reply before
1292                  * disconnecting, but that we must also tolerate
1293                  * guests that don't wait for our reply. */
1294                 nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, NULL);
1295                 return 1;
1296 
1297             case NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME:
1298                 return nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name(client, no_zeroes,
1299                                                         errp);
1300 
1301             case NBD_OPT_INFO:
1302             case NBD_OPT_GO:
1303                 ret = nbd_negotiate_handle_info(client, errp);
1304                 if (ret == 1) {
1305                     assert(option == NBD_OPT_GO);
1306                     return 0;
1307                 }
1308                 break;
1309 
1310             case NBD_OPT_STARTTLS:
1311                 if (length) {
1312                     ret = nbd_reject_length(client, false, errp);
1313                 } else if (client->tlscreds) {
1314                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(client,
1315                                                      NBD_REP_ERR_INVALID, errp,
1316                                                      "TLS already enabled");
1317                 } else {
1318                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(client,
1319                                                      NBD_REP_ERR_POLICY, errp,
1320                                                      "TLS not configured");
1321                 }
1322                 break;
1323 
1324             case NBD_OPT_STRUCTURED_REPLY:
1325                 if (length) {
1326                     ret = nbd_reject_length(client, false, errp);
1327                 } else if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED) {
1328                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(
1329                         client, NBD_REP_ERR_EXT_HEADER_REQD, errp,
1330                         "extended headers already negotiated");
1331                 } else if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED) {
1332                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(
1333                         client, NBD_REP_ERR_INVALID, errp,
1334                         "structured reply already negotiated");
1335                 } else {
1336                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp);
1337                     client->mode = NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED;
1338                 }
1339                 break;
1340 
1341             case NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT:
1342             case NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT:
1343                 ret = nbd_negotiate_meta_queries(client, errp);
1344                 break;
1345 
1346             case NBD_OPT_EXTENDED_HEADERS:
1347                 if (length) {
1348                     ret = nbd_reject_length(client, false, errp);
1349                 } else if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED) {
1350                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep_err(
1351                         client, NBD_REP_ERR_INVALID, errp,
1352                         "extended headers already negotiated");
1353                 } else {
1354                     ret = nbd_negotiate_send_rep(client, NBD_REP_ACK, errp);
1355                     client->mode = NBD_MODE_EXTENDED;
1356                 }
1357                 break;
1358 
1359             default:
1360                 ret = nbd_opt_drop(client, NBD_REP_ERR_UNSUP, errp,
1361                                    "Unsupported option %" PRIu32 " (%s)",
1362                                    option, nbd_opt_lookup(option));
1363                 break;
1364             }
1365         } else {
1366             /*
1367              * If broken new-style we should drop the connection
1368              * for anything except NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME
1369              */
1370             switch (option) {
1371             case NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME:
1372                 return nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name(client, no_zeroes,
1373                                                         errp);
1374 
1375             default:
1376                 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported option %" PRIu32 " (%s)",
1377                            option, nbd_opt_lookup(option));
1378                 return -EINVAL;
1379             }
1380         }
1381         if (ret < 0) {
1382             return ret;
1383         }
1384     }
1385 }
1386 
1387 /* nbd_negotiate
1388  * Return:
1389  * -errno  on error, errp is set
1390  * 0       on successful negotiation, errp is not set
1391  * 1       if client sent NBD_OPT_ABORT (i.e. on valid disconnect) or never
1392  *         wrote anything (i.e. port probe); errp is not set
1393  */
1394 static coroutine_fn int nbd_negotiate(NBDClient *client, Error **errp)
1395 {
1396     ERRP_GUARD();
1397     char buf[NBD_OLDSTYLE_NEGOTIATE_SIZE] = "";
1398     int ret;
1399 
1400     /* Old style negotiation header, no room for options
1401         [ 0 ..   7]   passwd       ("NBDMAGIC")
1402         [ 8 ..  15]   magic        (NBD_CLIENT_MAGIC)
1403         [16 ..  23]   size
1404         [24 ..  27]   export flags (zero-extended)
1405         [28 .. 151]   reserved     (0)
1406 
1407        New style negotiation header, client can send options
1408         [ 0 ..   7]   passwd       ("NBDMAGIC")
1409         [ 8 ..  15]   magic        (NBD_OPTS_MAGIC)
1410         [16 ..  17]   server flags (0)
1411         ....options sent, ending in NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME or NBD_OPT_GO....
1412      */
1413 
1414     qio_channel_set_blocking(client->ioc, false, NULL);
1415     qio_channel_set_follow_coroutine_ctx(client->ioc, true);
1416 
1417     trace_nbd_negotiate_begin();
1418     memcpy(buf, "NBDMAGIC", 8);
1419 
1420     stq_be_p(buf + 8, NBD_OPTS_MAGIC);
1421     stw_be_p(buf + 16, NBD_FLAG_FIXED_NEWSTYLE | NBD_FLAG_NO_ZEROES);
1422 
1423     /*
1424      * Be silent about failure to write our greeting: there is nothing
1425      * wrong with a client testing if our port is alive.
1426      */
1427     if (nbd_write(client->ioc, buf, 18, NULL) < 0) {
1428         return 1;
1429     }
1430     ret = nbd_negotiate_options(client, errp);
1431     if (ret != 0) {
1432         if (ret < 0) {
1433             error_prepend(errp, "option negotiation failed: ");
1434         }
1435         return ret;
1436     }
1437 
1438     assert(!client->optlen);
1439     trace_nbd_negotiate_success();
1440 
1441     return 0;
1442 }
1443 
1444 /* nbd_read_eof
1445  * Tries to read @size bytes from @ioc. This is a local implementation of
1446  * qio_channel_readv_all_eof. We have it here because we need it to be
1447  * interruptible and to know when the coroutine is yielding.
1448  * Returns 1 on success
1449  *         0 on eof, when no data was read (errp is not set)
1450  *         negative errno on failure (errp is set)
1451  */
1452 static inline int coroutine_fn
1453 nbd_read_eof(NBDClient *client, void *buffer, size_t size, Error **errp)
1454 {
1455     bool partial = false;
1456 
1457     assert(size);
1458     while (size > 0) {
1459         struct iovec iov = { .iov_base = buffer, .iov_len = size };
1460         ssize_t len;
1461 
1462         len = qio_channel_readv(client->ioc, &iov, 1, errp);
1463         if (len == QIO_CHANNEL_ERR_BLOCK) {
1464             WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&client->lock) {
1465                 client->read_yielding = true;
1466 
1467                 /* Prompt main loop thread to re-run nbd_drained_poll() */
1468                 aio_wait_kick();
1469             }
1470             qio_channel_yield(client->ioc, G_IO_IN);
1471             WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&client->lock) {
1472                 client->read_yielding = false;
1473                 if (client->quiescing) {
1474                     return -EAGAIN;
1475                 }
1476             }
1477             continue;
1478         } else if (len < 0) {
1479             return -EIO;
1480         } else if (len == 0) {
1481             if (partial) {
1482                 error_setg(errp,
1483                            "Unexpected end-of-file before all bytes were read");
1484                 return -EIO;
1485             } else {
1486                 return 0;
1487             }
1488         }
1489 
1490         partial = true;
1491         size -= len;
1492         buffer = (uint8_t *) buffer + len;
1493     }
1494     return 1;
1495 }
1496 
1497 static int coroutine_fn nbd_receive_request(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request,
1498                                             Error **errp)
1499 {
1500     uint8_t buf[NBD_EXTENDED_REQUEST_SIZE];
1501     uint32_t magic, expect;
1502     int ret;
1503     size_t size = client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED ?
1504         NBD_EXTENDED_REQUEST_SIZE : NBD_REQUEST_SIZE;
1505 
1506     ret = nbd_read_eof(client, buf, size, errp);
1507     if (ret < 0) {
1508         return ret;
1509     }
1510     if (ret == 0) {
1511         return -EIO;
1512     }
1513 
1514     /*
1515      * Compact request
1516      *  [ 0 ..  3]   magic   (NBD_REQUEST_MAGIC)
1517      *  [ 4 ..  5]   flags   (NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA, ...)
1518      *  [ 6 ..  7]   type    (NBD_CMD_READ, ...)
1519      *  [ 8 .. 15]   cookie
1520      *  [16 .. 23]   from
1521      *  [24 .. 27]   len
1522      * Extended request
1523      *  [ 0 ..  3]   magic   (NBD_EXTENDED_REQUEST_MAGIC)
1524      *  [ 4 ..  5]   flags   (NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA, NBD_CMD_FLAG_PAYLOAD_LEN, ...)
1525      *  [ 6 ..  7]   type    (NBD_CMD_READ, ...)
1526      *  [ 8 .. 15]   cookie
1527      *  [16 .. 23]   from
1528      *  [24 .. 31]   len
1529      */
1530 
1531     magic = ldl_be_p(buf);
1532     request->flags  = lduw_be_p(buf + 4);
1533     request->type   = lduw_be_p(buf + 6);
1534     request->cookie = ldq_be_p(buf + 8);
1535     request->from   = ldq_be_p(buf + 16);
1536     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED) {
1537         request->len = ldq_be_p(buf + 24);
1538         expect = NBD_EXTENDED_REQUEST_MAGIC;
1539     } else {
1540         request->len = (uint32_t)ldl_be_p(buf + 24); /* widen 32 to 64 bits */
1541         expect = NBD_REQUEST_MAGIC;
1542     }
1543 
1544     trace_nbd_receive_request(magic, request->flags, request->type,
1545                               request->from, request->len);
1546 
1547     if (magic != expect) {
1548         error_setg(errp, "invalid magic (got 0x%" PRIx32 ", expected 0x%"
1549                    PRIx32 ")", magic, expect);
1550         return -EINVAL;
1551     }
1552     return 0;
1553 }
1554 
1555 #define MAX_NBD_REQUESTS 16
1556 
1557 /* Runs in export AioContext and main loop thread */
1558 void nbd_client_get(NBDClient *client)
1559 {
1560     qatomic_inc(&client->refcount);
1561 }
1562 
1563 void nbd_client_put(NBDClient *client)
1564 {
1565     assert(qemu_in_main_thread());
1566 
1567     if (qatomic_fetch_dec(&client->refcount) == 1) {
1568         /* The last reference should be dropped by client->close,
1569          * which is called by client_close.
1570          */
1571         assert(client->closing);
1572 
1573         object_unref(OBJECT(client->sioc));
1574         object_unref(OBJECT(client->ioc));
1575         if (client->tlscreds) {
1576             object_unref(OBJECT(client->tlscreds));
1577         }
1578         g_free(client->tlsauthz);
1579         if (client->exp) {
1580             QTAILQ_REMOVE(&client->exp->clients, client, next);
1581             blk_exp_unref(&client->exp->common);
1582         }
1583         g_free(client->contexts.bitmaps);
1584         qemu_mutex_destroy(&client->lock);
1585         g_free(client);
1586     }
1587 }
1588 
1589 /*
1590  * Tries to release the reference to @client, but only if other references
1591  * remain. This is an optimization for the common case where we want to avoid
1592  * the expense of scheduling nbd_client_put() in the main loop thread.
1593  *
1594  * Returns true upon success or false if the reference was not released because
1595  * it is the last reference.
1596  */
1597 static bool nbd_client_put_nonzero(NBDClient *client)
1598 {
1599     int old = qatomic_read(&client->refcount);
1600     int expected;
1601 
1602     do {
1603         if (old == 1) {
1604             return false;
1605         }
1606 
1607         expected = old;
1608         old = qatomic_cmpxchg(&client->refcount, expected, expected - 1);
1609     } while (old != expected);
1610 
1611     return true;
1612 }
1613 
1614 static void client_close(NBDClient *client, bool negotiated)
1615 {
1616     assert(qemu_in_main_thread());
1617 
1618     WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&client->lock) {
1619         if (client->closing) {
1620             return;
1621         }
1622 
1623         client->closing = true;
1624     }
1625 
1626     /* Force requests to finish.  They will drop their own references,
1627      * then we'll close the socket and free the NBDClient.
1628      */
1629     qio_channel_shutdown(client->ioc, QIO_CHANNEL_SHUTDOWN_BOTH,
1630                          NULL);
1631 
1632     /* Also tell the client, so that they release their reference.  */
1633     if (client->close_fn) {
1634         client->close_fn(client, negotiated);
1635     }
1636 }
1637 
1638 /* Runs in export AioContext with client->lock held */
1639 static NBDRequestData *nbd_request_get(NBDClient *client)
1640 {
1641     NBDRequestData *req;
1642 
1643     assert(client->nb_requests <= MAX_NBD_REQUESTS - 1);
1644     client->nb_requests++;
1645 
1646     req = g_new0(NBDRequestData, 1);
1647     req->client = client;
1648     return req;
1649 }
1650 
1651 /* Runs in export AioContext with client->lock held */
1652 static void nbd_request_put(NBDRequestData *req)
1653 {
1654     NBDClient *client = req->client;
1655 
1656     if (req->data) {
1657         qemu_vfree(req->data);
1658     }
1659     g_free(req);
1660 
1661     client->nb_requests--;
1662 
1663     if (client->quiescing && client->nb_requests == 0) {
1664         aio_wait_kick();
1665     }
1666 
1667     nbd_client_receive_next_request(client);
1668 }
1669 
1670 static void blk_aio_attached(AioContext *ctx, void *opaque)
1671 {
1672     NBDExport *exp = opaque;
1673     NBDClient *client;
1674 
1675     assert(qemu_in_main_thread());
1676 
1677     trace_nbd_blk_aio_attached(exp->name, ctx);
1678 
1679     exp->common.ctx = ctx;
1680 
1681     QTAILQ_FOREACH(client, &exp->clients, next) {
1682         WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&client->lock) {
1683             assert(client->nb_requests == 0);
1684             assert(client->recv_coroutine == NULL);
1685             assert(client->send_coroutine == NULL);
1686         }
1687     }
1688 }
1689 
1690 static void blk_aio_detach(void *opaque)
1691 {
1692     NBDExport *exp = opaque;
1693 
1694     assert(qemu_in_main_thread());
1695 
1696     trace_nbd_blk_aio_detach(exp->name, exp->common.ctx);
1697 
1698     exp->common.ctx = NULL;
1699 }
1700 
1701 static void nbd_drained_begin(void *opaque)
1702 {
1703     NBDExport *exp = opaque;
1704     NBDClient *client;
1705 
1706     assert(qemu_in_main_thread());
1707 
1708     QTAILQ_FOREACH(client, &exp->clients, next) {
1709         WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&client->lock) {
1710             client->quiescing = true;
1711         }
1712     }
1713 }
1714 
1715 static void nbd_drained_end(void *opaque)
1716 {
1717     NBDExport *exp = opaque;
1718     NBDClient *client;
1719 
1720     assert(qemu_in_main_thread());
1721 
1722     QTAILQ_FOREACH(client, &exp->clients, next) {
1723         WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&client->lock) {
1724             client->quiescing = false;
1725             nbd_client_receive_next_request(client);
1726         }
1727     }
1728 }
1729 
1730 /* Runs in export AioContext */
1731 static void nbd_wake_read_bh(void *opaque)
1732 {
1733     NBDClient *client = opaque;
1734     qio_channel_wake_read(client->ioc);
1735 }
1736 
1737 static bool nbd_drained_poll(void *opaque)
1738 {
1739     NBDExport *exp = opaque;
1740     NBDClient *client;
1741 
1742     assert(qemu_in_main_thread());
1743 
1744     QTAILQ_FOREACH(client, &exp->clients, next) {
1745         WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&client->lock) {
1746             if (client->nb_requests != 0) {
1747                 /*
1748                  * If there's a coroutine waiting for a request on nbd_read_eof()
1749                  * enter it here so we don't depend on the client to wake it up.
1750                  *
1751                  * Schedule a BH in the export AioContext to avoid missing the
1752                  * wake up due to the race between qio_channel_wake_read() and
1753                  * qio_channel_yield().
1754                  */
1755                 if (client->recv_coroutine != NULL && client->read_yielding) {
1756                     aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(nbd_export_aio_context(client->exp),
1757                                             nbd_wake_read_bh, client);
1758                 }
1759 
1760                 return true;
1761             }
1762         }
1763     }
1764 
1765     return false;
1766 }
1767 
1768 static void nbd_eject_notifier(Notifier *n, void *data)
1769 {
1770     NBDExport *exp = container_of(n, NBDExport, eject_notifier);
1771 
1772     assert(qemu_in_main_thread());
1773 
1774     blk_exp_request_shutdown(&exp->common);
1775 }
1776 
1777 void nbd_export_set_on_eject_blk(BlockExport *exp, BlockBackend *blk)
1778 {
1779     NBDExport *nbd_exp = container_of(exp, NBDExport, common);
1780     assert(exp->drv == &blk_exp_nbd);
1781     assert(nbd_exp->eject_notifier_blk == NULL);
1782 
1783     blk_ref(blk);
1784     nbd_exp->eject_notifier_blk = blk;
1785     nbd_exp->eject_notifier.notify = nbd_eject_notifier;
1786     blk_add_remove_bs_notifier(blk, &nbd_exp->eject_notifier);
1787 }
1788 
1789 static const BlockDevOps nbd_block_ops = {
1790     .drained_begin = nbd_drained_begin,
1791     .drained_end = nbd_drained_end,
1792     .drained_poll = nbd_drained_poll,
1793 };
1794 
1795 static int nbd_export_create(BlockExport *blk_exp, BlockExportOptions *exp_args,
1796                              Error **errp)
1797 {
1798     NBDExport *exp = container_of(blk_exp, NBDExport, common);
1799     BlockExportOptionsNbd *arg = &exp_args->u.nbd;
1800     const char *name = arg->name ?: exp_args->node_name;
1801     BlockBackend *blk = blk_exp->blk;
1802     int64_t size;
1803     uint64_t perm, shared_perm;
1804     bool readonly = !exp_args->writable;
1805     BlockDirtyBitmapOrStrList *bitmaps;
1806     size_t i;
1807     int ret;
1808 
1809     GLOBAL_STATE_CODE();
1810     assert(exp_args->type == BLOCK_EXPORT_TYPE_NBD);
1811 
1812     if (!nbd_server_is_running()) {
1813         error_setg(errp, "NBD server not running");
1814         return -EINVAL;
1815     }
1816 
1817     if (strlen(name) > NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE) {
1818         error_setg(errp, "export name '%s' too long", name);
1819         return -EINVAL;
1820     }
1821 
1822     if (arg->description && strlen(arg->description) > NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE) {
1823         error_setg(errp, "description '%s' too long", arg->description);
1824         return -EINVAL;
1825     }
1826 
1827     if (nbd_export_find(name)) {
1828         error_setg(errp, "NBD server already has export named '%s'", name);
1829         return -EEXIST;
1830     }
1831 
1832     size = blk_getlength(blk);
1833     if (size < 0) {
1834         error_setg_errno(errp, -size,
1835                          "Failed to determine the NBD export's length");
1836         return size;
1837     }
1838 
1839     /* Don't allow resize while the NBD server is running, otherwise we don't
1840      * care what happens with the node. */
1841     blk_get_perm(blk, &perm, &shared_perm);
1842     ret = blk_set_perm(blk, perm, shared_perm & ~BLK_PERM_RESIZE, errp);
1843     if (ret < 0) {
1844         return ret;
1845     }
1846 
1847     QTAILQ_INIT(&exp->clients);
1848     exp->name = g_strdup(name);
1849     exp->description = g_strdup(arg->description);
1850     exp->nbdflags = (NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS | NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH |
1851                      NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA | NBD_FLAG_SEND_CACHE);
1852 
1853     if (nbd_server_max_connections() != 1) {
1854         exp->nbdflags |= NBD_FLAG_CAN_MULTI_CONN;
1855     }
1856     if (readonly) {
1857         exp->nbdflags |= NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY;
1858     } else {
1859         exp->nbdflags |= (NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM | NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES |
1860                           NBD_FLAG_SEND_FAST_ZERO);
1861     }
1862     exp->size = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(size, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1863 
1864     bdrv_graph_rdlock_main_loop();
1865 
1866     for (bitmaps = arg->bitmaps; bitmaps; bitmaps = bitmaps->next) {
1867         exp->nr_export_bitmaps++;
1868     }
1869     exp->export_bitmaps = g_new0(BdrvDirtyBitmap *, exp->nr_export_bitmaps);
1870     for (i = 0, bitmaps = arg->bitmaps; bitmaps;
1871          i++, bitmaps = bitmaps->next)
1872     {
1873         const char *bitmap;
1874         BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(blk);
1875         BdrvDirtyBitmap *bm = NULL;
1876 
1877         switch (bitmaps->value->type) {
1878         case QTYPE_QSTRING:
1879             bitmap = bitmaps->value->u.local;
1880             while (bs) {
1881                 bm = bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, bitmap);
1882                 if (bm != NULL) {
1883                     break;
1884                 }
1885 
1886                 bs = bdrv_filter_or_cow_bs(bs);
1887             }
1888 
1889             if (bm == NULL) {
1890                 ret = -ENOENT;
1891                 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' is not found",
1892                            bitmaps->value->u.local);
1893                 goto fail;
1894             }
1895 
1896             if (readonly && bdrv_is_writable(bs) &&
1897                 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_enabled(bm)) {
1898                 ret = -EINVAL;
1899                 error_setg(errp, "Enabled bitmap '%s' incompatible with "
1900                            "readonly export", bitmap);
1901                 goto fail;
1902             }
1903             break;
1904         case QTYPE_QDICT:
1905             bitmap = bitmaps->value->u.external.name;
1906             bm = block_dirty_bitmap_lookup(bitmaps->value->u.external.node,
1907                                            bitmap, NULL, errp);
1908             if (!bm) {
1909                 ret = -ENOENT;
1910                 goto fail;
1911             }
1912             break;
1913         default:
1914             abort();
1915         }
1916 
1917         assert(bm);
1918 
1919         if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_check(bm, BDRV_BITMAP_ALLOW_RO, errp)) {
1920             ret = -EINVAL;
1921             goto fail;
1922         }
1923 
1924         exp->export_bitmaps[i] = bm;
1925         assert(strlen(bitmap) <= BDRV_BITMAP_MAX_NAME_SIZE);
1926     }
1927 
1928     /* Mark bitmaps busy in a separate loop, to simplify roll-back concerns. */
1929     for (i = 0; i < exp->nr_export_bitmaps; i++) {
1930         bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_busy(exp->export_bitmaps[i], true);
1931     }
1932 
1933     exp->allocation_depth = arg->allocation_depth;
1934 
1935     /*
1936      * We need to inhibit request queuing in the block layer to ensure we can
1937      * be properly quiesced when entering a drained section, as our coroutines
1938      * servicing pending requests might enter blk_pread().
1939      */
1940     blk_set_disable_request_queuing(blk, true);
1941 
1942     blk_add_aio_context_notifier(blk, blk_aio_attached, blk_aio_detach, exp);
1943 
1944     blk_set_dev_ops(blk, &nbd_block_ops, exp);
1945 
1946     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&exports, exp, next);
1947 
1948     bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
1949 
1950     return 0;
1951 
1952 fail:
1953     bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
1954     g_free(exp->export_bitmaps);
1955     g_free(exp->name);
1956     g_free(exp->description);
1957     return ret;
1958 }
1959 
1960 NBDExport *nbd_export_find(const char *name)
1961 {
1962     NBDExport *exp;
1963     QTAILQ_FOREACH(exp, &exports, next) {
1964         if (strcmp(name, exp->name) == 0) {
1965             return exp;
1966         }
1967     }
1968 
1969     return NULL;
1970 }
1971 
1972 AioContext *
1973 nbd_export_aio_context(NBDExport *exp)
1974 {
1975     return exp->common.ctx;
1976 }
1977 
1978 static void nbd_export_request_shutdown(BlockExport *blk_exp)
1979 {
1980     NBDExport *exp = container_of(blk_exp, NBDExport, common);
1981     NBDClient *client, *next;
1982 
1983     blk_exp_ref(&exp->common);
1984     /*
1985      * TODO: Should we expand QMP BlockExportRemoveMode enum to allow a
1986      * close mode that stops advertising the export to new clients but
1987      * still permits existing clients to run to completion? Because of
1988      * that possibility, nbd_export_close() can be called more than
1989      * once on an export.
1990      */
1991     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(client, &exp->clients, next, next) {
1992         client_close(client, true);
1993     }
1994     if (exp->name) {
1995         g_free(exp->name);
1996         exp->name = NULL;
1997         QTAILQ_REMOVE(&exports, exp, next);
1998     }
1999     blk_exp_unref(&exp->common);
2000 }
2001 
2002 static void nbd_export_delete(BlockExport *blk_exp)
2003 {
2004     size_t i;
2005     NBDExport *exp = container_of(blk_exp, NBDExport, common);
2006 
2007     assert(exp->name == NULL);
2008     assert(QTAILQ_EMPTY(&exp->clients));
2009 
2010     g_free(exp->description);
2011     exp->description = NULL;
2012 
2013     if (exp->eject_notifier_blk) {
2014         notifier_remove(&exp->eject_notifier);
2015         blk_unref(exp->eject_notifier_blk);
2016     }
2017     blk_remove_aio_context_notifier(exp->common.blk, blk_aio_attached,
2018                                     blk_aio_detach, exp);
2019     blk_set_disable_request_queuing(exp->common.blk, false);
2020 
2021     for (i = 0; i < exp->nr_export_bitmaps; i++) {
2022         bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_busy(exp->export_bitmaps[i], false);
2023     }
2024 }
2025 
2026 const BlockExportDriver blk_exp_nbd = {
2027     .type               = BLOCK_EXPORT_TYPE_NBD,
2028     .instance_size      = sizeof(NBDExport),
2029     .create             = nbd_export_create,
2030     .delete             = nbd_export_delete,
2031     .request_shutdown   = nbd_export_request_shutdown,
2032 };
2033 
2034 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_iov(NBDClient *client, struct iovec *iov,
2035                                         unsigned niov, Error **errp)
2036 {
2037     int ret;
2038 
2039     g_assert(qemu_in_coroutine());
2040     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&client->send_lock);
2041     client->send_coroutine = qemu_coroutine_self();
2042 
2043     ret = qio_channel_writev_all(client->ioc, iov, niov, errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 0;
2044 
2045     client->send_coroutine = NULL;
2046     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&client->send_lock);
2047 
2048     return ret;
2049 }
2050 
2051 static inline void set_be_simple_reply(NBDSimpleReply *reply, uint64_t error,
2052                                        uint64_t cookie)
2053 {
2054     stl_be_p(&reply->magic, NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC);
2055     stl_be_p(&reply->error, error);
2056     stq_be_p(&reply->cookie, cookie);
2057 }
2058 
2059 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_simple_reply(NBDClient *client,
2060                                                  NBDRequest *request,
2061                                                  uint32_t error,
2062                                                  void *data,
2063                                                  uint64_t len,
2064                                                  Error **errp)
2065 {
2066     NBDSimpleReply reply;
2067     int nbd_err = system_errno_to_nbd_errno(error);
2068     struct iovec iov[] = {
2069         {.iov_base = &reply, .iov_len = sizeof(reply)},
2070         {.iov_base = data, .iov_len = len}
2071     };
2072 
2073     assert(!len || !nbd_err);
2074     assert(len <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
2075     assert(client->mode < NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED ||
2076            (client->mode == NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED &&
2077             request->type != NBD_CMD_READ));
2078     trace_nbd_co_send_simple_reply(request->cookie, nbd_err,
2079                                    nbd_err_lookup(nbd_err), len);
2080     set_be_simple_reply(&reply, nbd_err, request->cookie);
2081 
2082     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 2, errp);
2083 }
2084 
2085 /*
2086  * Prepare the header of a reply chunk for network transmission.
2087  *
2088  * On input, @iov is partially initialized: iov[0].iov_base must point
2089  * to an uninitialized NBDReply, while the remaining @niov elements
2090  * (if any) must be ready for transmission.  This function then
2091  * populates iov[0] for transmission.
2092  */
2093 static inline void set_be_chunk(NBDClient *client, struct iovec *iov,
2094                                 size_t niov, uint16_t flags, uint16_t type,
2095                                 NBDRequest *request)
2096 {
2097     size_t i, length = 0;
2098 
2099     for (i = 1; i < niov; i++) {
2100         length += iov[i].iov_len;
2101     }
2102     assert(length <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE + sizeof(NBDStructuredReadData));
2103 
2104     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED) {
2105         NBDExtendedReplyChunk *chunk = iov->iov_base;
2106 
2107         iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(*chunk);
2108         stl_be_p(&chunk->magic, NBD_EXTENDED_REPLY_MAGIC);
2109         stw_be_p(&chunk->flags, flags);
2110         stw_be_p(&chunk->type, type);
2111         stq_be_p(&chunk->cookie, request->cookie);
2112         stq_be_p(&chunk->offset, request->from);
2113         stq_be_p(&chunk->length, length);
2114     } else {
2115         NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk = iov->iov_base;
2116 
2117         iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(*chunk);
2118         stl_be_p(&chunk->magic, NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC);
2119         stw_be_p(&chunk->flags, flags);
2120         stw_be_p(&chunk->type, type);
2121         stq_be_p(&chunk->cookie, request->cookie);
2122         stl_be_p(&chunk->length, length);
2123     }
2124 }
2125 
2126 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_chunk_done(NBDClient *client,
2127                                                NBDRequest *request,
2128                                                Error **errp)
2129 {
2130     NBDReply hdr;
2131     struct iovec iov[] = {
2132         {.iov_base = &hdr},
2133     };
2134 
2135     trace_nbd_co_send_chunk_done(request->cookie);
2136     set_be_chunk(client, iov, 1, NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE,
2137                  NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE, request);
2138     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 1, errp);
2139 }
2140 
2141 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_chunk_read(NBDClient *client,
2142                                                NBDRequest *request,
2143                                                uint64_t offset,
2144                                                void *data,
2145                                                uint64_t size,
2146                                                bool final,
2147                                                Error **errp)
2148 {
2149     NBDReply hdr;
2150     NBDStructuredReadData chunk;
2151     struct iovec iov[] = {
2152         {.iov_base = &hdr},
2153         {.iov_base = &chunk, .iov_len = sizeof(chunk)},
2154         {.iov_base = data, .iov_len = size}
2155     };
2156 
2157     assert(size && size <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
2158     trace_nbd_co_send_chunk_read(request->cookie, offset, data, size);
2159     set_be_chunk(client, iov, 3, final ? NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE : 0,
2160                  NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA, request);
2161     stq_be_p(&chunk.offset, offset);
2162 
2163     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 3, errp);
2164 }
2165 
2166 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_chunk_error(NBDClient *client,
2167                                                 NBDRequest *request,
2168                                                 uint32_t error,
2169                                                 const char *msg,
2170                                                 Error **errp)
2171 {
2172     NBDReply hdr;
2173     NBDStructuredError chunk;
2174     int nbd_err = system_errno_to_nbd_errno(error);
2175     struct iovec iov[] = {
2176         {.iov_base = &hdr},
2177         {.iov_base = &chunk, .iov_len = sizeof(chunk)},
2178         {.iov_base = (char *)msg, .iov_len = msg ? strlen(msg) : 0},
2179     };
2180 
2181     assert(nbd_err);
2182     trace_nbd_co_send_chunk_error(request->cookie, nbd_err,
2183                                   nbd_err_lookup(nbd_err), msg ? msg : "");
2184     set_be_chunk(client, iov, 3, NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE,
2185                  NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR, request);
2186     stl_be_p(&chunk.error, nbd_err);
2187     stw_be_p(&chunk.message_length, iov[2].iov_len);
2188 
2189     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 3, errp);
2190 }
2191 
2192 /* Do a sparse read and send the structured reply to the client.
2193  * Returns -errno if sending fails. blk_co_block_status_above() failure is
2194  * reported to the client, at which point this function succeeds.
2195  */
2196 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_sparse_read(NBDClient *client,
2197                                                 NBDRequest *request,
2198                                                 uint64_t offset,
2199                                                 uint8_t *data,
2200                                                 uint64_t size,
2201                                                 Error **errp)
2202 {
2203     int ret = 0;
2204     NBDExport *exp = client->exp;
2205     size_t progress = 0;
2206 
2207     assert(size <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
2208     while (progress < size) {
2209         int64_t pnum;
2210         int status = blk_co_block_status_above(exp->common.blk, NULL,
2211                                                offset + progress,
2212                                                size - progress, &pnum, NULL,
2213                                                NULL);
2214         bool final;
2215 
2216         if (status < 0) {
2217             char *msg = g_strdup_printf("unable to check for holes: %s",
2218                                         strerror(-status));
2219 
2220             ret = nbd_co_send_chunk_error(client, request, -status, msg, errp);
2221             g_free(msg);
2222             return ret;
2223         }
2224         assert(pnum && pnum <= size - progress);
2225         final = progress + pnum == size;
2226         if (status & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) {
2227             NBDReply hdr;
2228             NBDStructuredReadHole chunk;
2229             struct iovec iov[] = {
2230                 {.iov_base = &hdr},
2231                 {.iov_base = &chunk, .iov_len = sizeof(chunk)},
2232             };
2233 
2234             trace_nbd_co_send_chunk_read_hole(request->cookie,
2235                                               offset + progress, pnum);
2236             set_be_chunk(client, iov, 2,
2237                          final ? NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE : 0,
2238                          NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE, request);
2239             stq_be_p(&chunk.offset, offset + progress);
2240             stl_be_p(&chunk.length, pnum);
2241             ret = nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 2, errp);
2242         } else {
2243             ret = blk_co_pread(exp->common.blk, offset + progress, pnum,
2244                                data + progress, 0);
2245             if (ret < 0) {
2246                 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "reading from file failed");
2247                 break;
2248             }
2249             ret = nbd_co_send_chunk_read(client, request, offset + progress,
2250                                          data + progress, pnum, final, errp);
2251         }
2252 
2253         if (ret < 0) {
2254             break;
2255         }
2256         progress += pnum;
2257     }
2258     return ret;
2259 }
2260 
2261 typedef struct NBDExtentArray {
2262     NBDExtent64 *extents;
2263     unsigned int nb_alloc;
2264     unsigned int count;
2265     uint64_t total_length;
2266     bool extended;
2267     bool can_add;
2268     bool converted_to_be;
2269 } NBDExtentArray;
2270 
2271 static NBDExtentArray *nbd_extent_array_new(unsigned int nb_alloc,
2272                                             NBDMode mode)
2273 {
2274     NBDExtentArray *ea = g_new0(NBDExtentArray, 1);
2275 
2276     assert(mode >= NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED);
2277     ea->nb_alloc = nb_alloc;
2278     ea->extents = g_new(NBDExtent64, nb_alloc);
2279     ea->extended = mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED;
2280     ea->can_add = true;
2281 
2282     return ea;
2283 }
2284 
2285 static void nbd_extent_array_free(NBDExtentArray *ea)
2286 {
2287     g_free(ea->extents);
2288     g_free(ea);
2289 }
2290 G_DEFINE_AUTOPTR_CLEANUP_FUNC(NBDExtentArray, nbd_extent_array_free)
2291 
2292 /* Further modifications of the array after conversion are abandoned */
2293 static void nbd_extent_array_convert_to_be(NBDExtentArray *ea)
2294 {
2295     int i;
2296 
2297     assert(!ea->converted_to_be);
2298     assert(ea->extended);
2299     ea->can_add = false;
2300     ea->converted_to_be = true;
2301 
2302     for (i = 0; i < ea->count; i++) {
2303         ea->extents[i].length = cpu_to_be64(ea->extents[i].length);
2304         ea->extents[i].flags = cpu_to_be64(ea->extents[i].flags);
2305     }
2306 }
2307 
2308 /* Further modifications of the array after conversion are abandoned */
2309 static NBDExtent32 *nbd_extent_array_convert_to_narrow(NBDExtentArray *ea)
2310 {
2311     int i;
2312     NBDExtent32 *extents = g_new(NBDExtent32, ea->count);
2313 
2314     assert(!ea->converted_to_be);
2315     assert(!ea->extended);
2316     ea->can_add = false;
2317     ea->converted_to_be = true;
2318 
2319     for (i = 0; i < ea->count; i++) {
2320         assert((ea->extents[i].length | ea->extents[i].flags) <= UINT32_MAX);
2321         extents[i].length = cpu_to_be32(ea->extents[i].length);
2322         extents[i].flags = cpu_to_be32(ea->extents[i].flags);
2323     }
2324 
2325     return extents;
2326 }
2327 
2328 /*
2329  * Add extent to NBDExtentArray. If extent can't be added (no available space),
2330  * return -1.
2331  * For safety, when returning -1 for the first time, .can_add is set to false,
2332  * and further calls to nbd_extent_array_add() will crash.
2333  * (this avoids the situation where a caller ignores failure to add one extent,
2334  * where adding another extent that would squash into the last array entry
2335  * would result in an incorrect range reported to the client)
2336  */
2337 static int nbd_extent_array_add(NBDExtentArray *ea,
2338                                 uint64_t length, uint32_t flags)
2339 {
2340     assert(ea->can_add);
2341 
2342     if (!length) {
2343         return 0;
2344     }
2345     if (!ea->extended) {
2346         assert(length <= UINT32_MAX);
2347     }
2348 
2349     /* Extend previous extent if flags are the same */
2350     if (ea->count > 0 && flags == ea->extents[ea->count - 1].flags) {
2351         uint64_t sum = length + ea->extents[ea->count - 1].length;
2352 
2353         /*
2354          * sum cannot overflow: the block layer bounds image size at
2355          * 2^63, and ea->extents[].length comes from the block layer.
2356          */
2357         assert(sum >= length);
2358         if (sum <= UINT32_MAX || ea->extended) {
2359             ea->extents[ea->count - 1].length = sum;
2360             ea->total_length += length;
2361             return 0;
2362         }
2363     }
2364 
2365     if (ea->count >= ea->nb_alloc) {
2366         ea->can_add = false;
2367         return -1;
2368     }
2369 
2370     ea->total_length += length;
2371     ea->extents[ea->count] = (NBDExtent64) {.length = length, .flags = flags};
2372     ea->count++;
2373 
2374     return 0;
2375 }
2376 
2377 static int coroutine_fn blockstatus_to_extents(BlockBackend *blk,
2378                                                uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
2379                                                NBDExtentArray *ea)
2380 {
2381     while (bytes) {
2382         uint32_t flags;
2383         int64_t num;
2384         int ret = blk_co_block_status_above(blk, NULL, offset, bytes, &num,
2385                                             NULL, NULL);
2386 
2387         if (ret < 0) {
2388             return ret;
2389         }
2390 
2391         flags = (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA ? 0 : NBD_STATE_HOLE) |
2392                 (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO ? NBD_STATE_ZERO : 0);
2393 
2394         if (nbd_extent_array_add(ea, num, flags) < 0) {
2395             return 0;
2396         }
2397 
2398         offset += num;
2399         bytes -= num;
2400     }
2401 
2402     return 0;
2403 }
2404 
2405 static int coroutine_fn blockalloc_to_extents(BlockBackend *blk,
2406                                               uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
2407                                               NBDExtentArray *ea)
2408 {
2409     while (bytes) {
2410         int64_t num;
2411         int ret = blk_co_is_allocated_above(blk, NULL, false, offset, bytes,
2412                                             &num);
2413 
2414         if (ret < 0) {
2415             return ret;
2416         }
2417 
2418         if (nbd_extent_array_add(ea, num, ret) < 0) {
2419             return 0;
2420         }
2421 
2422         offset += num;
2423         bytes -= num;
2424     }
2425 
2426     return 0;
2427 }
2428 
2429 /*
2430  * nbd_co_send_extents
2431  *
2432  * @ea is converted to BE by the function
2433  * @last controls whether NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE is sent.
2434  */
2435 static int coroutine_fn
2436 nbd_co_send_extents(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request, NBDExtentArray *ea,
2437                     bool last, uint32_t context_id, Error **errp)
2438 {
2439     NBDReply hdr;
2440     NBDStructuredMeta meta;
2441     NBDExtendedMeta meta_ext;
2442     g_autofree NBDExtent32 *extents = NULL;
2443     uint16_t type;
2444     struct iovec iov[] = { {.iov_base = &hdr}, {0}, {0} };
2445 
2446     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED) {
2447         type = NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS_EXT;
2448 
2449         iov[1].iov_base = &meta_ext;
2450         iov[1].iov_len = sizeof(meta_ext);
2451         stl_be_p(&meta_ext.context_id, context_id);
2452         stl_be_p(&meta_ext.count, ea->count);
2453 
2454         nbd_extent_array_convert_to_be(ea);
2455         iov[2].iov_base = ea->extents;
2456         iov[2].iov_len = ea->count * sizeof(ea->extents[0]);
2457     } else {
2458         type = NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS;
2459 
2460         iov[1].iov_base = &meta;
2461         iov[1].iov_len = sizeof(meta);
2462         stl_be_p(&meta.context_id, context_id);
2463 
2464         extents = nbd_extent_array_convert_to_narrow(ea);
2465         iov[2].iov_base = extents;
2466         iov[2].iov_len = ea->count * sizeof(extents[0]);
2467     }
2468 
2469     trace_nbd_co_send_extents(request->cookie, ea->count, context_id,
2470                               ea->total_length, last);
2471     set_be_chunk(client, iov, 3, last ? NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE : 0, type,
2472                  request);
2473 
2474     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 3, errp);
2475 }
2476 
2477 /* Get block status from the exported device and send it to the client */
2478 static int
2479 coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_block_status(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request,
2480                                       BlockBackend *blk, uint64_t offset,
2481                                       uint64_t length, bool dont_fragment,
2482                                       bool last, uint32_t context_id,
2483                                       Error **errp)
2484 {
2485     int ret;
2486     unsigned int nb_extents = dont_fragment ? 1 : NBD_MAX_BLOCK_STATUS_EXTENTS;
2487     g_autoptr(NBDExtentArray) ea =
2488         nbd_extent_array_new(nb_extents, client->mode);
2489 
2490     if (context_id == NBD_META_ID_BASE_ALLOCATION) {
2491         ret = blockstatus_to_extents(blk, offset, length, ea);
2492     } else {
2493         ret = blockalloc_to_extents(blk, offset, length, ea);
2494     }
2495     if (ret < 0) {
2496         return nbd_co_send_chunk_error(client, request, -ret,
2497                                        "can't get block status", errp);
2498     }
2499 
2500     return nbd_co_send_extents(client, request, ea, last, context_id, errp);
2501 }
2502 
2503 /* Populate @ea from a dirty bitmap. */
2504 static void bitmap_to_extents(BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap,
2505                               uint64_t offset, uint64_t length,
2506                               NBDExtentArray *es)
2507 {
2508     int64_t start, dirty_start, dirty_count;
2509     int64_t end = offset + length;
2510     bool full = false;
2511     int64_t bound = es->extended ? INT64_MAX : INT32_MAX;
2512 
2513     bdrv_dirty_bitmap_lock(bitmap);
2514 
2515     for (start = offset;
2516          bdrv_dirty_bitmap_next_dirty_area(bitmap, start, end, bound,
2517                                            &dirty_start, &dirty_count);
2518          start = dirty_start + dirty_count)
2519     {
2520         if ((nbd_extent_array_add(es, dirty_start - start, 0) < 0) ||
2521             (nbd_extent_array_add(es, dirty_count, NBD_STATE_DIRTY) < 0))
2522         {
2523             full = true;
2524             break;
2525         }
2526     }
2527 
2528     if (!full) {
2529         /* last non dirty extent, nothing to do if array is now full */
2530         (void) nbd_extent_array_add(es, end - start, 0);
2531     }
2532 
2533     bdrv_dirty_bitmap_unlock(bitmap);
2534 }
2535 
2536 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_bitmap(NBDClient *client,
2537                                            NBDRequest *request,
2538                                            BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap,
2539                                            uint64_t offset,
2540                                            uint64_t length, bool dont_fragment,
2541                                            bool last, uint32_t context_id,
2542                                            Error **errp)
2543 {
2544     unsigned int nb_extents = dont_fragment ? 1 : NBD_MAX_BLOCK_STATUS_EXTENTS;
2545     g_autoptr(NBDExtentArray) ea =
2546         nbd_extent_array_new(nb_extents, client->mode);
2547 
2548     bitmap_to_extents(bitmap, offset, length, ea);
2549 
2550     return nbd_co_send_extents(client, request, ea, last, context_id, errp);
2551 }
2552 
2553 /*
2554  * nbd_co_block_status_payload_read
2555  * Called when a client wants a subset of negotiated contexts via a
2556  * BLOCK_STATUS payload.  Check the payload for valid length and
2557  * contents.  On success, return 0 with request updated to effective
2558  * length.  If request was invalid but all payload consumed, return 0
2559  * with request->len and request->contexts->count set to 0 (which will
2560  * trigger an appropriate NBD_EINVAL response later on).  Return
2561  * negative errno if the payload was not fully consumed.
2562  */
2563 static int
2564 nbd_co_block_status_payload_read(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request,
2565                                  Error **errp)
2566 {
2567     uint64_t payload_len = request->len;
2568     g_autofree char *buf = NULL;
2569     size_t count, i, nr_bitmaps;
2570     uint32_t id;
2571 
2572     if (payload_len > NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE) {
2573         error_setg(errp, "len (%" PRIu64 ") is larger than max len (%u)",
2574                    request->len, NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
2575         return -EINVAL;
2576     }
2577 
2578     assert(client->contexts.exp == client->exp);
2579     nr_bitmaps = client->exp->nr_export_bitmaps;
2580     request->contexts = g_new0(NBDMetaContexts, 1);
2581     request->contexts->exp = client->exp;
2582 
2583     if (payload_len % sizeof(uint32_t) ||
2584         payload_len < sizeof(NBDBlockStatusPayload) ||
2585         payload_len > (sizeof(NBDBlockStatusPayload) +
2586                        sizeof(id) * client->contexts.count)) {
2587         goto skip;
2588     }
2589 
2590     buf = g_malloc(payload_len);
2591     if (nbd_read(client->ioc, buf, payload_len,
2592                  "CMD_BLOCK_STATUS data", errp) < 0) {
2593         return -EIO;
2594     }
2595     trace_nbd_co_receive_request_payload_received(request->cookie,
2596                                                   payload_len);
2597     request->contexts->bitmaps = g_new0(bool, nr_bitmaps);
2598     count = (payload_len - sizeof(NBDBlockStatusPayload)) / sizeof(id);
2599     payload_len = 0;
2600 
2601     for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
2602         id = ldl_be_p(buf + sizeof(NBDBlockStatusPayload) + sizeof(id) * i);
2603         if (id == NBD_META_ID_BASE_ALLOCATION) {
2604             if (!client->contexts.base_allocation ||
2605                 request->contexts->base_allocation) {
2606                 goto skip;
2607             }
2608             request->contexts->base_allocation = true;
2609         } else if (id == NBD_META_ID_ALLOCATION_DEPTH) {
2610             if (!client->contexts.allocation_depth ||
2611                 request->contexts->allocation_depth) {
2612                 goto skip;
2613             }
2614             request->contexts->allocation_depth = true;
2615         } else {
2616             unsigned idx = id - NBD_META_ID_DIRTY_BITMAP;
2617 
2618             if (idx >= nr_bitmaps || !client->contexts.bitmaps[idx] ||
2619                 request->contexts->bitmaps[idx]) {
2620                 goto skip;
2621             }
2622             request->contexts->bitmaps[idx] = true;
2623         }
2624     }
2625 
2626     request->len = ldq_be_p(buf);
2627     request->contexts->count = count;
2628     return 0;
2629 
2630  skip:
2631     trace_nbd_co_receive_block_status_payload_compliance(request->from,
2632                                                          request->len);
2633     request->len = request->contexts->count = 0;
2634     return nbd_drop(client->ioc, payload_len, errp);
2635 }
2636 
2637 /* nbd_co_receive_request
2638  * Collect a client request. Return 0 if request looks valid, -EIO to drop
2639  * connection right away, -EAGAIN to indicate we were interrupted and the
2640  * channel should be quiesced, and any other negative value to report an error
2641  * to the client (although the caller may still need to disconnect after
2642  * reporting the error).
2643  */
2644 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_receive_request(NBDRequestData *req,
2645                                                NBDRequest *request,
2646                                                Error **errp)
2647 {
2648     NBDClient *client = req->client;
2649     bool extended_with_payload;
2650     bool check_length = false;
2651     bool check_rofs = false;
2652     bool allocate_buffer = false;
2653     bool payload_okay = false;
2654     uint64_t payload_len = 0;
2655     int valid_flags = NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA;
2656     int ret;
2657 
2658     g_assert(qemu_in_coroutine());
2659     ret = nbd_receive_request(client, request, errp);
2660     if (ret < 0) {
2661         return ret;
2662     }
2663 
2664     trace_nbd_co_receive_request_decode_type(request->cookie, request->type,
2665                                              nbd_cmd_lookup(request->type));
2666     extended_with_payload = client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED &&
2667         request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_PAYLOAD_LEN;
2668     if (extended_with_payload) {
2669         payload_len = request->len;
2670         check_length = true;
2671     }
2672 
2673     switch (request->type) {
2674     case NBD_CMD_DISC:
2675         /* Special case: we're going to disconnect without a reply,
2676          * whether or not flags, from, or len are bogus */
2677         req->complete = true;
2678         return -EIO;
2679 
2680     case NBD_CMD_READ:
2681         if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED) {
2682             valid_flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_DF;
2683         }
2684         check_length = true;
2685         allocate_buffer = true;
2686         break;
2687 
2688     case NBD_CMD_WRITE:
2689         if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED) {
2690             if (!extended_with_payload) {
2691                 /* The client is noncompliant. Trace it, but proceed. */
2692                 trace_nbd_co_receive_ext_payload_compliance(request->from,
2693                                                             request->len);
2694             }
2695             valid_flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_PAYLOAD_LEN;
2696         }
2697         payload_okay = true;
2698         payload_len = request->len;
2699         check_length = true;
2700         allocate_buffer = true;
2701         check_rofs = true;
2702         break;
2703 
2704     case NBD_CMD_FLUSH:
2705         break;
2706 
2707     case NBD_CMD_TRIM:
2708         check_rofs = true;
2709         break;
2710 
2711     case NBD_CMD_CACHE:
2712         check_length = true;
2713         break;
2714 
2715     case NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES:
2716         valid_flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_NO_HOLE | NBD_CMD_FLAG_FAST_ZERO;
2717         check_rofs = true;
2718         break;
2719 
2720     case NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS:
2721         if (extended_with_payload) {
2722             ret = nbd_co_block_status_payload_read(client, request, errp);
2723             if (ret < 0) {
2724                 return ret;
2725             }
2726             /* payload now consumed */
2727             check_length = false;
2728             payload_len = 0;
2729             valid_flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_PAYLOAD_LEN;
2730         } else {
2731             request->contexts = &client->contexts;
2732         }
2733         valid_flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_REQ_ONE;
2734         break;
2735 
2736     default:
2737         /* Unrecognized, will fail later */
2738         ;
2739     }
2740 
2741     /* Payload and buffer handling. */
2742     if (!payload_len) {
2743         req->complete = true;
2744     }
2745     if (check_length && request->len > NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE) {
2746         /* READ, WRITE, CACHE */
2747         error_setg(errp, "len (%" PRIu64 ") is larger than max len (%u)",
2748                    request->len, NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
2749         return -EINVAL;
2750     }
2751     if (payload_len && !payload_okay) {
2752         /*
2753          * For now, we don't support payloads on other commands; but
2754          * we can keep the connection alive by ignoring the payload.
2755          * We will fail the command later with NBD_EINVAL for the use
2756          * of an unsupported flag (and not for access beyond bounds).
2757          */
2758         assert(request->type != NBD_CMD_WRITE);
2759         request->len = 0;
2760     }
2761     if (allocate_buffer) {
2762         /* READ, WRITE */
2763         req->data = blk_try_blockalign(client->exp->common.blk,
2764                                        request->len);
2765         if (req->data == NULL) {
2766             error_setg(errp, "No memory");
2767             return -ENOMEM;
2768         }
2769     }
2770     if (payload_len) {
2771         if (payload_okay) {
2772             /* WRITE */
2773             assert(req->data);
2774             ret = nbd_read(client->ioc, req->data, payload_len,
2775                            "CMD_WRITE data", errp);
2776         } else {
2777             ret = nbd_drop(client->ioc, payload_len, errp);
2778         }
2779         if (ret < 0) {
2780             return -EIO;
2781         }
2782         req->complete = true;
2783         trace_nbd_co_receive_request_payload_received(request->cookie,
2784                                                       payload_len);
2785     }
2786 
2787     /* Sanity checks. */
2788     if (client->exp->nbdflags & NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY && check_rofs) {
2789         /* WRITE, TRIM, WRITE_ZEROES */
2790         error_setg(errp, "Export is read-only");
2791         return -EROFS;
2792     }
2793     if (request->from > client->exp->size ||
2794         request->len > client->exp->size - request->from) {
2795         error_setg(errp, "operation past EOF; From: %" PRIu64 ", Len: %" PRIu64
2796                    ", Size: %" PRIu64, request->from, request->len,
2797                    client->exp->size);
2798         return (request->type == NBD_CMD_WRITE ||
2799                 request->type == NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES) ? -ENOSPC : -EINVAL;
2800     }
2801     if (client->check_align && !QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(request->from | request->len,
2802                                                 client->check_align)) {
2803         /*
2804          * The block layer gracefully handles unaligned requests, but
2805          * it's still worth tracing client non-compliance
2806          */
2807         trace_nbd_co_receive_align_compliance(nbd_cmd_lookup(request->type),
2808                                               request->from,
2809                                               request->len,
2810                                               client->check_align);
2811     }
2812     if (request->flags & ~valid_flags) {
2813         error_setg(errp, "unsupported flags for command %s (got 0x%x)",
2814                    nbd_cmd_lookup(request->type), request->flags);
2815         return -EINVAL;
2816     }
2817 
2818     return 0;
2819 }
2820 
2821 /* Send simple reply without a payload, or a structured error
2822  * @error_msg is ignored if @ret >= 0
2823  * Returns 0 if connection is still live, -errno on failure to talk to client
2824  */
2825 static coroutine_fn int nbd_send_generic_reply(NBDClient *client,
2826                                                NBDRequest *request,
2827                                                int ret,
2828                                                const char *error_msg,
2829                                                Error **errp)
2830 {
2831     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED && ret < 0) {
2832         return nbd_co_send_chunk_error(client, request, -ret, error_msg, errp);
2833     } else if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED) {
2834         return nbd_co_send_chunk_done(client, request, errp);
2835     } else {
2836         return nbd_co_send_simple_reply(client, request, ret < 0 ? -ret : 0,
2837                                         NULL, 0, errp);
2838     }
2839 }
2840 
2841 /* Handle NBD_CMD_READ request.
2842  * Return -errno if sending fails. Other errors are reported directly to the
2843  * client as an error reply. */
2844 static coroutine_fn int nbd_do_cmd_read(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request,
2845                                         uint8_t *data, Error **errp)
2846 {
2847     int ret;
2848     NBDExport *exp = client->exp;
2849 
2850     assert(request->type == NBD_CMD_READ);
2851     assert(request->len <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
2852 
2853     /* XXX: NBD Protocol only documents use of FUA with WRITE */
2854     if (request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA) {
2855         ret = blk_co_flush(exp->common.blk);
2856         if (ret < 0) {
2857             return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
2858                                           "flush failed", errp);
2859         }
2860     }
2861 
2862     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED &&
2863         !(request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_DF) && request->len)
2864     {
2865         return nbd_co_send_sparse_read(client, request, request->from,
2866                                        data, request->len, errp);
2867     }
2868 
2869     ret = blk_co_pread(exp->common.blk, request->from, request->len, data, 0);
2870     if (ret < 0) {
2871         return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
2872                                       "reading from file failed", errp);
2873     }
2874 
2875     if (client->mode >= NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED) {
2876         if (request->len) {
2877             return nbd_co_send_chunk_read(client, request, request->from, data,
2878                                           request->len, true, errp);
2879         } else {
2880             return nbd_co_send_chunk_done(client, request, errp);
2881         }
2882     } else {
2883         return nbd_co_send_simple_reply(client, request, 0,
2884                                         data, request->len, errp);
2885     }
2886 }
2887 
2888 /*
2889  * nbd_do_cmd_cache
2890  *
2891  * Handle NBD_CMD_CACHE request.
2892  * Return -errno if sending fails. Other errors are reported directly to the
2893  * client as an error reply.
2894  */
2895 static coroutine_fn int nbd_do_cmd_cache(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request,
2896                                          Error **errp)
2897 {
2898     int ret;
2899     NBDExport *exp = client->exp;
2900 
2901     assert(request->type == NBD_CMD_CACHE);
2902     assert(request->len <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
2903 
2904     ret = blk_co_preadv(exp->common.blk, request->from, request->len,
2905                         NULL, BDRV_REQ_COPY_ON_READ | BDRV_REQ_PREFETCH);
2906 
2907     return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
2908                                   "caching data failed", errp);
2909 }
2910 
2911 /* Handle NBD request.
2912  * Return -errno if sending fails. Other errors are reported directly to the
2913  * client as an error reply. */
2914 static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,
2915                                            NBDRequest *request,
2916                                            uint8_t *data, Error **errp)
2917 {
2918     int ret;
2919     int flags;
2920     NBDExport *exp = client->exp;
2921     char *msg;
2922     size_t i;
2923 
2924     switch (request->type) {
2925     case NBD_CMD_CACHE:
2926         return nbd_do_cmd_cache(client, request, errp);
2927 
2928     case NBD_CMD_READ:
2929         return nbd_do_cmd_read(client, request, data, errp);
2930 
2931     case NBD_CMD_WRITE:
2932         flags = 0;
2933         if (request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA) {
2934             flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
2935         }
2936         assert(request->len <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
2937         ret = blk_co_pwrite(exp->common.blk, request->from, request->len, data,
2938                             flags);
2939         return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
2940                                       "writing to file failed", errp);
2941 
2942     case NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES:
2943         flags = 0;
2944         if (request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA) {
2945             flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
2946         }
2947         if (!(request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_NO_HOLE)) {
2948             flags |= BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP;
2949         }
2950         if (request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FAST_ZERO) {
2951             flags |= BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK;
2952         }
2953         ret = blk_co_pwrite_zeroes(exp->common.blk, request->from, request->len,
2954                                    flags);
2955         return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
2956                                       "writing to file failed", errp);
2957 
2958     case NBD_CMD_DISC:
2959         /* unreachable, thanks to special case in nbd_co_receive_request() */
2960         abort();
2961 
2962     case NBD_CMD_FLUSH:
2963         ret = blk_co_flush(exp->common.blk);
2964         return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
2965                                       "flush failed", errp);
2966 
2967     case NBD_CMD_TRIM:
2968         ret = blk_co_pdiscard(exp->common.blk, request->from, request->len);
2969         if (ret >= 0 && request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA) {
2970             ret = blk_co_flush(exp->common.blk);
2971         }
2972         return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
2973                                       "discard failed", errp);
2974 
2975     case NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS:
2976         assert(request->contexts);
2977         assert(client->mode >= NBD_MODE_EXTENDED ||
2978                request->len <= UINT32_MAX);
2979         if (request->contexts->count) {
2980             bool dont_fragment = request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_REQ_ONE;
2981             int contexts_remaining = request->contexts->count;
2982 
2983             if (!request->len) {
2984                 return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, -EINVAL,
2985                                               "need non-zero length", errp);
2986             }
2987             if (request->contexts->base_allocation) {
2988                 ret = nbd_co_send_block_status(client, request,
2989                                                exp->common.blk,
2990                                                request->from,
2991                                                request->len, dont_fragment,
2992                                                !--contexts_remaining,
2993                                                NBD_META_ID_BASE_ALLOCATION,
2994                                                errp);
2995                 if (ret < 0) {
2996                     return ret;
2997                 }
2998             }
2999 
3000             if (request->contexts->allocation_depth) {
3001                 ret = nbd_co_send_block_status(client, request,
3002                                                exp->common.blk,
3003                                                request->from, request->len,
3004                                                dont_fragment,
3005                                                !--contexts_remaining,
3006                                                NBD_META_ID_ALLOCATION_DEPTH,
3007                                                errp);
3008                 if (ret < 0) {
3009                     return ret;
3010                 }
3011             }
3012 
3013             assert(request->contexts->exp == client->exp);
3014             for (i = 0; i < client->exp->nr_export_bitmaps; i++) {
3015                 if (!request->contexts->bitmaps[i]) {
3016                     continue;
3017                 }
3018                 ret = nbd_co_send_bitmap(client, request,
3019                                          client->exp->export_bitmaps[i],
3020                                          request->from, request->len,
3021                                          dont_fragment, !--contexts_remaining,
3022                                          NBD_META_ID_DIRTY_BITMAP + i, errp);
3023                 if (ret < 0) {
3024                     return ret;
3025                 }
3026             }
3027 
3028             assert(!contexts_remaining);
3029 
3030             return 0;
3031         } else if (client->contexts.count) {
3032             return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, -EINVAL,
3033                                           "CMD_BLOCK_STATUS payload not valid",
3034                                           errp);
3035         } else {
3036             return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, -EINVAL,
3037                                           "CMD_BLOCK_STATUS not negotiated",
3038                                           errp);
3039         }
3040 
3041     default:
3042         msg = g_strdup_printf("invalid request type (%" PRIu32 ") received",
3043                               request->type);
3044         ret = nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, -EINVAL, msg,
3045                                      errp);
3046         g_free(msg);
3047         return ret;
3048     }
3049 }
3050 
3051 /* Owns a reference to the NBDClient passed as opaque.  */
3052 static coroutine_fn void nbd_trip(void *opaque)
3053 {
3054     NBDRequestData *req = opaque;
3055     NBDClient *client = req->client;
3056     NBDRequest request = { 0 };    /* GCC thinks it can be used uninitialized */
3057     int ret;
3058     Error *local_err = NULL;
3059 
3060     /*
3061      * Note that nbd_client_put() and client_close() must be called from the
3062      * main loop thread. Use aio_co_reschedule_self() to switch AioContext
3063      * before calling these functions.
3064      */
3065 
3066     trace_nbd_trip();
3067 
3068     qemu_mutex_lock(&client->lock);
3069 
3070     if (client->closing) {
3071         goto done;
3072     }
3073 
3074     if (client->quiescing) {
3075         /*
3076          * We're switching between AIO contexts. Don't attempt to receive a new
3077          * request and kick the main context which may be waiting for us.
3078          */
3079         client->recv_coroutine = NULL;
3080         aio_wait_kick();
3081         goto done;
3082     }
3083 
3084     /*
3085      * nbd_co_receive_request() returns -EAGAIN when nbd_drained_begin() has
3086      * set client->quiescing but by the time we get back nbd_drained_end() may
3087      * have already cleared client->quiescing. In that case we try again
3088      * because nothing else will spawn an nbd_trip() coroutine until we set
3089      * client->recv_coroutine = NULL further down.
3090      */
3091     do {
3092         assert(client->recv_coroutine == qemu_coroutine_self());
3093         qemu_mutex_unlock(&client->lock);
3094         ret = nbd_co_receive_request(req, &request, &local_err);
3095         qemu_mutex_lock(&client->lock);
3096     } while (ret == -EAGAIN && !client->quiescing);
3097 
3098     client->recv_coroutine = NULL;
3099 
3100     if (client->closing) {
3101         /*
3102          * The client may be closed when we are blocked in
3103          * nbd_co_receive_request()
3104          */
3105         goto done;
3106     }
3107 
3108     if (ret == -EAGAIN) {
3109         goto done;
3110     }
3111 
3112     nbd_client_receive_next_request(client);
3113 
3114     if (ret == -EIO) {
3115         goto disconnect;
3116     }
3117 
3118     qemu_mutex_unlock(&client->lock);
3119     qio_channel_set_cork(client->ioc, true);
3120 
3121     if (ret < 0) {
3122         /* It wasn't -EIO, so, according to nbd_co_receive_request()
3123          * semantics, we should return the error to the client. */
3124         Error *export_err = local_err;
3125 
3126         local_err = NULL;
3127         ret = nbd_send_generic_reply(client, &request, -EINVAL,
3128                                      error_get_pretty(export_err), &local_err);
3129         error_free(export_err);
3130     } else {
3131         ret = nbd_handle_request(client, &request, req->data, &local_err);
3132     }
3133     if (request.contexts && request.contexts != &client->contexts) {
3134         assert(request.type == NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS);
3135         g_free(request.contexts->bitmaps);
3136         g_free(request.contexts);
3137     }
3138 
3139     qio_channel_set_cork(client->ioc, false);
3140     qemu_mutex_lock(&client->lock);
3141 
3142     if (ret < 0) {
3143         error_prepend(&local_err, "Failed to send reply: ");
3144         goto disconnect;
3145     }
3146 
3147     /*
3148      * We must disconnect after NBD_CMD_WRITE or BLOCK_STATUS with
3149      * payload if we did not read the payload.
3150      */
3151     if (!req->complete) {
3152         error_setg(&local_err, "Request handling failed in intermediate state");
3153         goto disconnect;
3154     }
3155 
3156 done:
3157     nbd_request_put(req);
3158 
3159     qemu_mutex_unlock(&client->lock);
3160 
3161     if (!nbd_client_put_nonzero(client)) {
3162         aio_co_reschedule_self(qemu_get_aio_context());
3163         nbd_client_put(client);
3164     }
3165     return;
3166 
3167 disconnect:
3168     if (local_err) {
3169         error_reportf_err(local_err, "Disconnect client, due to: ");
3170     }
3171 
3172     nbd_request_put(req);
3173     qemu_mutex_unlock(&client->lock);
3174 
3175     aio_co_reschedule_self(qemu_get_aio_context());
3176     client_close(client, true);
3177     nbd_client_put(client);
3178 }
3179 
3180 /*
3181  * Runs in export AioContext and main loop thread. Caller must hold
3182  * client->lock.
3183  */
3184 static void nbd_client_receive_next_request(NBDClient *client)
3185 {
3186     NBDRequestData *req;
3187 
3188     if (!client->recv_coroutine && client->nb_requests < MAX_NBD_REQUESTS &&
3189         !client->quiescing) {
3190         nbd_client_get(client);
3191         req = nbd_request_get(client);
3192         client->recv_coroutine = qemu_coroutine_create(nbd_trip, req);
3193         aio_co_schedule(client->exp->common.ctx, client->recv_coroutine);
3194     }
3195 }
3196 
3197 static void nbd_handshake_timer_cb(void *opaque)
3198 {
3199     QIOChannel *ioc = opaque;
3200 
3201     trace_nbd_handshake_timer_cb();
3202     qio_channel_shutdown(ioc, QIO_CHANNEL_SHUTDOWN_BOTH, NULL);
3203 }
3204 
3205 static coroutine_fn void nbd_co_client_start(void *opaque)
3206 {
3207     NBDClient *client = opaque;
3208     Error *local_err = NULL;
3209     QEMUTimer *handshake_timer = NULL;
3210 
3211     qemu_co_mutex_init(&client->send_lock);
3212 
3213     /*
3214      * Create a timer to bound the time spent in negotiation. If the
3215      * timer expires, it is likely nbd_negotiate will fail because the
3216      * socket was shutdown.
3217      */
3218     if (client->handshake_max_secs > 0) {
3219         handshake_timer = aio_timer_new(qemu_get_aio_context(),
3220                                         QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME,
3221                                         SCALE_NS,
3222                                         nbd_handshake_timer_cb,
3223                                         client->sioc);
3224         timer_mod(handshake_timer,
3225                   qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME) +
3226                   client->handshake_max_secs * NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND);
3227     }
3228 
3229     if (nbd_negotiate(client, &local_err)) {
3230         if (local_err) {
3231             error_report_err(local_err);
3232         }
3233         timer_free(handshake_timer);
3234         client_close(client, false);
3235         return;
3236     }
3237 
3238     timer_free(handshake_timer);
3239     WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&client->lock) {
3240         nbd_client_receive_next_request(client);
3241     }
3242 }
3243 
3244 /*
3245  * Create a new client listener using the given channel @sioc and @owner.
3246  * Begin servicing it in a coroutine.  When the connection closes, call
3247  * @close_fn with an indication of whether the client completed negotiation
3248  * within @handshake_max_secs seconds (0 for unbounded).
3249  */
3250 void nbd_client_new(QIOChannelSocket *sioc,
3251                     uint32_t handshake_max_secs,
3252                     QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds,
3253                     const char *tlsauthz,
3254                     void (*close_fn)(NBDClient *, bool),
3255                     void *owner)
3256 {
3257     NBDClient *client;
3258     Coroutine *co;
3259 
3260     client = g_new0(NBDClient, 1);
3261     qemu_mutex_init(&client->lock);
3262     client->refcount = 1;
3263     client->tlscreds = tlscreds;
3264     if (tlscreds) {
3265         object_ref(OBJECT(client->tlscreds));
3266     }
3267     client->tlsauthz = g_strdup(tlsauthz);
3268     client->handshake_max_secs = handshake_max_secs;
3269     client->sioc = sioc;
3270     qio_channel_set_delay(QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), false);
3271     object_ref(OBJECT(client->sioc));
3272     client->ioc = QIO_CHANNEL(sioc);
3273     object_ref(OBJECT(client->ioc));
3274     client->close_fn = close_fn;
3275     client->owner = owner;
3276 
3277     co = qemu_coroutine_create(nbd_co_client_start, client);
3278     qemu_coroutine_enter(co);
3279 }
3280 
3281 void *
3282 nbd_client_owner(NBDClient *client)
3283 {
3284     return client->owner;
3285 }
3286