1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note */
2 /*
3  *  include/linux/userfaultfd.h
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 2007  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
6  *  Copyright (C) 2015  Red Hat, Inc.
7  *
8  */
9 
10 #ifndef _LINUX_USERFAULTFD_H
11 #define _LINUX_USERFAULTFD_H
12 
13 #include <linux/types.h>
14 
15 /*
16  * If the UFFDIO_API is upgraded someday, the UFFDIO_UNREGISTER and
17  * UFFDIO_WAKE ioctls should be defined as _IOW and not as _IOR.  In
18  * userfaultfd.h we assumed the kernel was reading (instead _IOC_READ
19  * means the userland is reading).
20  */
21 #define UFFD_API ((__u64)0xAA)
22 #define UFFD_API_REGISTER_MODES (UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING |	\
23 				 UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP |	\
24 				 UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MINOR)
25 #define UFFD_API_FEATURES (UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP |	\
26 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_FORK |		\
27 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_REMAP |		\
28 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_REMOVE |		\
29 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_UNMAP |		\
30 			   UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS |	\
31 			   UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_SHMEM |		\
32 			   UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS |		\
33 			   UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID |		\
34 			   UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_HUGETLBFS |	\
35 			   UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_SHMEM |		\
36 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EXACT_ADDRESS |		\
37 			   UFFD_FEATURE_WP_HUGETLBFS_SHMEM)
38 #define UFFD_API_IOCTLS				\
39 	((__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_REGISTER |		\
40 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_UNREGISTER |	\
41 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_API)
42 #define UFFD_API_RANGE_IOCTLS			\
43 	((__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_WAKE |		\
44 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_COPY |		\
45 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE |		\
46 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT |	\
47 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_CONTINUE)
48 #define UFFD_API_RANGE_IOCTLS_BASIC		\
49 	((__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_WAKE |		\
50 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_COPY |		\
51 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_CONTINUE |		\
52 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT)
53 
54 /*
55  * Valid ioctl command number range with this API is from 0x00 to
56  * 0x3F.  UFFDIO_API is the fixed number, everything else can be
57  * changed by implementing a different UFFD_API. If sticking to the
58  * same UFFD_API more ioctl can be added and userland will be aware of
59  * which ioctl the running kernel implements through the ioctl command
60  * bitmask written by the UFFDIO_API.
61  */
62 #define _UFFDIO_REGISTER		(0x00)
63 #define _UFFDIO_UNREGISTER		(0x01)
64 #define _UFFDIO_WAKE			(0x02)
65 #define _UFFDIO_COPY			(0x03)
66 #define _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE		(0x04)
67 #define _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT		(0x06)
68 #define _UFFDIO_CONTINUE		(0x07)
69 #define _UFFDIO_API			(0x3F)
70 
71 /* userfaultfd ioctl ids */
72 #define UFFDIO 0xAA
73 #define UFFDIO_API		_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_API,	\
74 				      struct uffdio_api)
75 #define UFFDIO_REGISTER		_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_REGISTER, \
76 				      struct uffdio_register)
77 #define UFFDIO_UNREGISTER	_IOR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_UNREGISTER,	\
78 				     struct uffdio_range)
79 #define UFFDIO_WAKE		_IOR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_WAKE,	\
80 				     struct uffdio_range)
81 #define UFFDIO_COPY		_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_COPY,	\
82 				      struct uffdio_copy)
83 #define UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE		_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE,	\
84 				      struct uffdio_zeropage)
85 #define UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT	_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT, \
86 				      struct uffdio_writeprotect)
87 #define UFFDIO_CONTINUE		_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_CONTINUE,	\
88 				      struct uffdio_continue)
89 
90 /* read() structure */
91 struct uffd_msg {
92 	__u8	event;
93 
94 	__u8	reserved1;
95 	__u16	reserved2;
96 	__u32	reserved3;
97 
98 	union {
99 		struct {
100 			__u64	flags;
101 			__u64	address;
102 			union {
103 				__u32 ptid;
104 			} feat;
105 		} pagefault;
106 
107 		struct {
108 			__u32	ufd;
109 		} fork;
110 
111 		struct {
112 			__u64	from;
113 			__u64	to;
114 			__u64	len;
115 		} remap;
116 
117 		struct {
118 			__u64	start;
119 			__u64	end;
120 		} remove;
121 
122 		struct {
123 			/* unused reserved fields */
124 			__u64	reserved1;
125 			__u64	reserved2;
126 			__u64	reserved3;
127 		} reserved;
128 	} arg;
129 } __attribute__((packed));
130 
131 /*
132  * Start at 0x12 and not at 0 to be more strict against bugs.
133  */
134 #define UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT	0x12
135 #define UFFD_EVENT_FORK		0x13
136 #define UFFD_EVENT_REMAP	0x14
137 #define UFFD_EVENT_REMOVE	0x15
138 #define UFFD_EVENT_UNMAP	0x16
139 
140 /* flags for UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT */
141 #define UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE	(1<<0)	/* If this was a write fault */
142 #define UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP		(1<<1)	/* If reason is VM_UFFD_WP */
143 #define UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_MINOR	(1<<2)	/* If reason is VM_UFFD_MINOR */
144 
145 struct uffdio_api {
146 	/* userland asks for an API number and the features to enable */
147 	__u64 api;
148 	/*
149 	 * Kernel answers below with the all available features for
150 	 * the API, this notifies userland of which events and/or
151 	 * which flags for each event are enabled in the current
152 	 * kernel.
153 	 *
154 	 * Note: UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT and UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE
155 	 * are to be considered implicitly always enabled in all kernels as
156 	 * long as the uffdio_api.api requested matches UFFD_API.
157 	 *
158 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS means an UFFDIO_REGISTER
159 	 * with UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING mode will succeed on
160 	 * hugetlbfs virtual memory ranges. Adding or not adding
161 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS to uffdio_api.features has
162 	 * no real functional effect after UFFDIO_API returns, but
163 	 * it's only useful for an initial feature set probe at
164 	 * UFFDIO_API time. There are two ways to use it:
165 	 *
166 	 * 1) by adding UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS to the
167 	 *    uffdio_api.features before calling UFFDIO_API, an error
168 	 *    will be returned by UFFDIO_API on a kernel without
169 	 *    hugetlbfs missing support
170 	 *
171 	 * 2) the UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS can not be added in
172 	 *    uffdio_api.features and instead it will be set by the
173 	 *    kernel in the uffdio_api.features if the kernel supports
174 	 *    it, so userland can later check if the feature flag is
175 	 *    present in uffdio_api.features after UFFDIO_API
176 	 *    succeeded.
177 	 *
178 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_SHMEM works the same as
179 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS, but it applies to shmem
180 	 * (i.e. tmpfs and other shmem based APIs).
181 	 *
182 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS feature means no page-fault
183 	 * (UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT) event will be delivered, instead
184 	 * a SIGBUS signal will be sent to the faulting process.
185 	 *
186 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID pid of the page faulted task_struct will
187 	 * be returned, if feature is not requested 0 will be returned.
188 	 *
189 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_HUGETLBFS indicates that minor faults
190 	 * can be intercepted (via REGISTER_MODE_MINOR) for
191 	 * hugetlbfs-backed pages.
192 	 *
193 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_SHMEM indicates the same support as
194 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_HUGETLBFS, but for shmem-backed pages instead.
195 	 *
196 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_EXACT_ADDRESS indicates that the exact address of page
197 	 * faults would be provided and the offset within the page would not be
198 	 * masked.
199 	 *
200 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_WP_HUGETLBFS_SHMEM indicates that userfaultfd
201 	 * write-protection mode is supported on both shmem and hugetlbfs.
202 	 */
203 #define UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP		(1<<0)
204 #define UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_FORK			(1<<1)
205 #define UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_REMAP		(1<<2)
206 #define UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_REMOVE		(1<<3)
207 #define UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS		(1<<4)
208 #define UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_SHMEM		(1<<5)
209 #define UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_UNMAP		(1<<6)
210 #define UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS			(1<<7)
211 #define UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID			(1<<8)
212 #define UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_HUGETLBFS		(1<<9)
213 #define UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_SHMEM		(1<<10)
214 #define UFFD_FEATURE_EXACT_ADDRESS		(1<<11)
215 #define UFFD_FEATURE_WP_HUGETLBFS_SHMEM		(1<<12)
216 	__u64 features;
217 
218 	__u64 ioctls;
219 };
220 
221 struct uffdio_range {
222 	__u64 start;
223 	__u64 len;
224 };
225 
226 struct uffdio_register {
227 	struct uffdio_range range;
228 #define UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING	((__u64)1<<0)
229 #define UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP		((__u64)1<<1)
230 #define UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MINOR	((__u64)1<<2)
231 	__u64 mode;
232 
233 	/*
234 	 * kernel answers which ioctl commands are available for the
235 	 * range, keep at the end as the last 8 bytes aren't read.
236 	 */
237 	__u64 ioctls;
238 };
239 
240 struct uffdio_copy {
241 	__u64 dst;
242 	__u64 src;
243 	__u64 len;
244 #define UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE		((__u64)1<<0)
245 	/*
246 	 * UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP will map the page write protected on
247 	 * the fly.  UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP is available only if the
248 	 * write protected ioctl is implemented for the range
249 	 * according to the uffdio_register.ioctls.
250 	 */
251 #define UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP			((__u64)1<<1)
252 	__u64 mode;
253 
254 	/*
255 	 * "copy" is written by the ioctl and must be at the end: the
256 	 * copy_from_user will not read the last 8 bytes.
257 	 */
258 	__s64 copy;
259 };
260 
261 struct uffdio_zeropage {
262 	struct uffdio_range range;
263 #define UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE_MODE_DONTWAKE		((__u64)1<<0)
264 	__u64 mode;
265 
266 	/*
267 	 * "zeropage" is written by the ioctl and must be at the end:
268 	 * the copy_from_user will not read the last 8 bytes.
269 	 */
270 	__s64 zeropage;
271 };
272 
273 struct uffdio_writeprotect {
274 	struct uffdio_range range;
275 /*
276  * UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP: set the flag to write protect a range,
277  * unset the flag to undo protection of a range which was previously
278  * write protected.
279  *
280  * UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE: set the flag to avoid waking up
281  * any wait thread after the operation succeeds.
282  *
283  * NOTE: Write protecting a region (WP=1) is unrelated to page faults,
284  * therefore DONTWAKE flag is meaningless with WP=1.  Removing write
285  * protection (WP=0) in response to a page fault wakes the faulting
286  * task unless DONTWAKE is set.
287  */
288 #define UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP		((__u64)1<<0)
289 #define UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE	((__u64)1<<1)
290 	__u64 mode;
291 };
292 
293 struct uffdio_continue {
294 	struct uffdio_range range;
295 #define UFFDIO_CONTINUE_MODE_DONTWAKE		((__u64)1<<0)
296 	__u64 mode;
297 
298 	/*
299 	 * Fields below here are written by the ioctl and must be at the end:
300 	 * the copy_from_user will not read past here.
301 	 */
302 	__s64 mapped;
303 };
304 
305 /*
306  * Flags for the userfaultfd(2) system call itself.
307  */
308 
309 /*
310  * Create a userfaultfd that can handle page faults only in user mode.
311  */
312 #define UFFD_USER_MODE_ONLY 1
313 
314 #endif /* _LINUX_USERFAULTFD_H */
315