xref: /openbmc/qemu/include/qapi/error.h (revision b917da4c)
1 /*
2  * QEMU Error Objects
3  *
4  * Copyright IBM, Corp. 2011
5  * Copyright (C) 2011-2015 Red Hat, Inc.
6  *
7  * Authors:
8  *  Anthony Liguori   <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
9  *  Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
10  *
11  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU LGPL, version 2.  See
12  * the COPYING.LIB file in the top-level directory.
13  */
14 
15 /*
16  * Error reporting system loosely patterned after Glib's GError.
17  *
18  * Create an error:
19  *     error_setg(&err, "situation normal, all fouled up");
20  *
21  * Create an error and add additional explanation:
22  *     error_setg(&err, "invalid quark");
23  *     error_append_hint(&err, "Valid quarks are up, down, strange, "
24  *                       "charm, top, bottom.\n");
25  *
26  * Do *not* contract this to
27  *     error_setg(&err, "invalid quark\n"
28  *                "Valid quarks are up, down, strange, charm, top, bottom.");
29  *
30  * Report an error to the current monitor if we have one, else stderr:
31  *     error_report_err(err);
32  * This frees the error object.
33  *
34  * Likewise, but with additional text prepended:
35  *     error_reportf_err(err, "Could not frobnicate '%s': ", name);
36  *
37  * Report an error somewhere else:
38  *     const char *msg = error_get_pretty(err);
39  *     do with msg what needs to be done...
40  *     error_free(err);
41  * Note that this loses hints added with error_append_hint().
42  *
43  * Handle an error without reporting it (just for completeness):
44  *     error_free(err);
45  *
46  * Assert that an expected error occurred, but clean it up without
47  * reporting it (primarily useful in testsuites):
48  *     error_free_or_abort(&err);
49  *
50  * Pass an existing error to the caller:
51  *     error_propagate(errp, err);
52  * where Error **errp is a parameter, by convention the last one.
53  *
54  * Pass an existing error to the caller with the message modified:
55  *     error_propagate(errp, err);
56  *     error_prepend(errp, "Could not frobnicate '%s': ", name);
57  *
58  * Create a new error and pass it to the caller:
59  *     error_setg(errp, "situation normal, all fouled up");
60  *
61  * Call a function and receive an error from it:
62  *     Error *err = NULL;
63  *     foo(arg, &err);
64  *     if (err) {
65  *         handle the error...
66  *     }
67  *
68  * Call a function ignoring errors:
69  *     foo(arg, NULL);
70  *
71  * Call a function aborting on errors:
72  *     foo(arg, &error_abort);
73  *
74  * Call a function treating errors as fatal:
75  *     foo(arg, &error_fatal);
76  *
77  * Receive an error and pass it on to the caller:
78  *     Error *err = NULL;
79  *     foo(arg, &err);
80  *     if (err) {
81  *         handle the error...
82  *         error_propagate(errp, err);
83  *     }
84  * where Error **errp is a parameter, by convention the last one.
85  *
86  * Do *not* "optimize" this to
87  *     foo(arg, errp);
88  *     if (*errp) { // WRONG!
89  *         handle the error...
90  *     }
91  * because errp may be NULL!
92  *
93  * But when all you do with the error is pass it on, please use
94  *     foo(arg, errp);
95  * for readability.
96  *
97  * Receive and accumulate multiple errors (first one wins):
98  *     Error *err = NULL, *local_err = NULL;
99  *     foo(arg, &err);
100  *     bar(arg, &local_err);
101  *     error_propagate(&err, local_err);
102  *     if (err) {
103  *         handle the error...
104  *     }
105  *
106  * Do *not* "optimize" this to
107  *     foo(arg, &err);
108  *     bar(arg, &err); // WRONG!
109  *     if (err) {
110  *         handle the error...
111  *     }
112  * because this may pass a non-null err to bar().
113  */
114 
115 #ifndef ERROR_H
116 #define ERROR_H
117 
118 #include "qapi-types.h"
119 
120 /*
121  * Opaque error object.
122  */
123 typedef struct Error Error;
124 
125 /*
126  * Overall category of an error.
127  * Based on the qapi type QapiErrorClass, but reproduced here for nicer
128  * enum names.
129  */
130 typedef enum ErrorClass {
131     ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_GENERICERROR,
132     ERROR_CLASS_COMMAND_NOT_FOUND = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_COMMANDNOTFOUND,
133     ERROR_CLASS_DEVICE_ENCRYPTED = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_DEVICEENCRYPTED,
134     ERROR_CLASS_DEVICE_NOT_ACTIVE = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_DEVICENOTACTIVE,
135     ERROR_CLASS_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_DEVICENOTFOUND,
136     ERROR_CLASS_KVM_MISSING_CAP = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_KVMMISSINGCAP,
137 } ErrorClass;
138 
139 /*
140  * Get @err's human-readable error message.
141  */
142 const char *error_get_pretty(Error *err);
143 
144 /*
145  * Get @err's error class.
146  * Note: use of error classes other than ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR is
147  * strongly discouraged.
148  */
149 ErrorClass error_get_class(const Error *err);
150 
151 /*
152  * Create a new error object and assign it to *@errp.
153  * If @errp is NULL, the error is ignored.  Don't bother creating one
154  * then.
155  * If @errp is &error_abort, print a suitable message and abort().
156  * If @errp is &error_fatal, print a suitable message and exit(1).
157  * If @errp is anything else, *@errp must be NULL.
158  * The new error's class is ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR, and its
159  * human-readable error message is made from printf-style @fmt, ...
160  * The resulting message should be a single phrase, with no newline or
161  * trailing punctuation.
162  * Please don't error_setg(&error_fatal, ...), use error_report() and
163  * exit(), because that's more obvious.
164  * Likewise, don't error_setg(&error_abort, ...), use assert().
165  */
166 #define error_setg(errp, fmt, ...)                              \
167     error_setg_internal((errp), __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__,   \
168                         (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
169 void error_setg_internal(Error **errp,
170                          const char *src, int line, const char *func,
171                          const char *fmt, ...)
172     GCC_FMT_ATTR(5, 6);
173 
174 /*
175  * Just like error_setg(), with @os_error info added to the message.
176  * If @os_error is non-zero, ": " + strerror(os_error) is appended to
177  * the human-readable error message.
178  */
179 #define error_setg_errno(errp, os_error, fmt, ...)                      \
180     error_setg_errno_internal((errp), __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__,     \
181                               (os_error), (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
182 void error_setg_errno_internal(Error **errp,
183                                const char *fname, int line, const char *func,
184                                int os_error, const char *fmt, ...)
185     GCC_FMT_ATTR(6, 7);
186 
187 #ifdef _WIN32
188 /*
189  * Just like error_setg(), with @win32_error info added to the message.
190  * If @win32_error is non-zero, ": " + g_win32_error_message(win32_err)
191  * is appended to the human-readable error message.
192  */
193 #define error_setg_win32(errp, win32_err, fmt, ...)                     \
194     error_setg_win32_internal((errp), __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__,     \
195                               (win32_err), (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
196 void error_setg_win32_internal(Error **errp,
197                                const char *src, int line, const char *func,
198                                int win32_err, const char *fmt, ...)
199     GCC_FMT_ATTR(6, 7);
200 #endif
201 
202 /*
203  * Propagate error object (if any) from @local_err to @dst_errp.
204  * If @local_err is NULL, do nothing (because there's nothing to
205  * propagate).
206  * Else, if @dst_errp is NULL, errors are being ignored.  Free the
207  * error object.
208  * Else, if @dst_errp is &error_abort, print a suitable message and
209  * abort().
210  * Else, if @dst_errp is &error_fatal, print a suitable message and
211  * exit(1).
212  * Else, if @dst_errp already contains an error, ignore this one: free
213  * the error object.
214  * Else, move the error object from @local_err to *@dst_errp.
215  * On return, @local_err is invalid.
216  * Please don't error_propagate(&error_fatal, ...), use
217  * error_report_err() and exit(), because that's more obvious.
218  */
219 void error_propagate(Error **dst_errp, Error *local_err);
220 
221 /*
222  * Prepend some text to @errp's human-readable error message.
223  * The text is made by formatting @fmt, @ap like vprintf().
224  */
225 void error_vprepend(Error **errp, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
226 
227 /*
228  * Prepend some text to @errp's human-readable error message.
229  * The text is made by formatting @fmt, ... like printf().
230  */
231 void error_prepend(Error **errp, const char *fmt, ...)
232     GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3);
233 
234 /*
235  * Append a printf-style human-readable explanation to an existing error.
236  * @errp may be NULL, but not &error_fatal or &error_abort.
237  * Trivially the case if you call it only after error_setg() or
238  * error_propagate().
239  * May be called multiple times.  The resulting hint should end with a
240  * newline.
241  */
242 void error_append_hint(Error **errp, const char *fmt, ...)
243     GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3);
244 
245 /*
246  * Convenience function to report open() failure.
247  */
248 #define error_setg_file_open(errp, os_errno, filename)                  \
249     error_setg_file_open_internal((errp), __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__, \
250                                   (os_errno), (filename))
251 void error_setg_file_open_internal(Error **errp,
252                                    const char *src, int line, const char *func,
253                                    int os_errno, const char *filename);
254 
255 /*
256  * Return an exact copy of @err.
257  */
258 Error *error_copy(const Error *err);
259 
260 /*
261  * Free @err.
262  * @err may be NULL.
263  */
264 void error_free(Error *err);
265 
266 /*
267  * Convenience function to assert that *@errp is set, then silently free it.
268  */
269 void error_free_or_abort(Error **errp);
270 
271 /*
272  * Convenience function to error_report() and free @err.
273  */
274 void error_report_err(Error *err);
275 
276 /*
277  * Convenience function to error_prepend(), error_report() and free @err.
278  */
279 void error_reportf_err(Error *err, const char *fmt, ...)
280     GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3);
281 
282 /*
283  * Just like error_setg(), except you get to specify the error class.
284  * Note: use of error classes other than ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR is
285  * strongly discouraged.
286  */
287 #define error_set(errp, err_class, fmt, ...)                    \
288     error_set_internal((errp), __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__,    \
289                        (err_class), (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
290 void error_set_internal(Error **errp,
291                         const char *src, int line, const char *func,
292                         ErrorClass err_class, const char *fmt, ...)
293     GCC_FMT_ATTR(6, 7);
294 
295 /*
296  * Special error destination to abort on error.
297  * See error_setg() and error_propagate() for details.
298  */
299 extern Error *error_abort;
300 
301 /*
302  * Special error destination to exit(1) on error.
303  * See error_setg() and error_propagate() for details.
304  */
305 extern Error *error_fatal;
306 
307 #endif
308