xref: /openbmc/qemu/include/qapi/error.h (revision 80adf54e)
1 /*
2  * QEMU Error Objects
3  *
4  * Copyright IBM, Corp. 2011
5  * Copyright (C) 2011-2015 Red Hat, Inc.
6  *
7  * Authors:
8  *  Anthony Liguori   <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
9  *  Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
10  *
11  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU LGPL, version 2.  See
12  * the COPYING.LIB file in the top-level directory.
13  */
14 
15 /*
16  * Error reporting system loosely patterned after Glib's GError.
17  *
18  * Create an error:
19  *     error_setg(&err, "situation normal, all fouled up");
20  *
21  * Create an error and add additional explanation:
22  *     error_setg(&err, "invalid quark");
23  *     error_append_hint(&err, "Valid quarks are up, down, strange, "
24  *                       "charm, top, bottom.\n");
25  *
26  * Do *not* contract this to
27  *     error_setg(&err, "invalid quark\n"
28  *                "Valid quarks are up, down, strange, charm, top, bottom.");
29  *
30  * Report an error to the current monitor if we have one, else stderr:
31  *     error_report_err(err);
32  * This frees the error object.
33  *
34  * Likewise, but with additional text prepended:
35  *     error_reportf_err(err, "Could not frobnicate '%s': ", name);
36  *
37  * Report an error somewhere else:
38  *     const char *msg = error_get_pretty(err);
39  *     do with msg what needs to be done...
40  *     error_free(err);
41  * Note that this loses hints added with error_append_hint().
42  *
43  * Handle an error without reporting it (just for completeness):
44  *     error_free(err);
45  *
46  * Assert that an expected error occurred, but clean it up without
47  * reporting it (primarily useful in testsuites):
48  *     error_free_or_abort(&err);
49  *
50  * Pass an existing error to the caller:
51  *     error_propagate(errp, err);
52  * where Error **errp is a parameter, by convention the last one.
53  *
54  * Pass an existing error to the caller with the message modified:
55  *     error_propagate(errp, err);
56  *     error_prepend(errp, "Could not frobnicate '%s': ", name);
57  *
58  * Create a new error and pass it to the caller:
59  *     error_setg(errp, "situation normal, all fouled up");
60  *
61  * Call a function and receive an error from it:
62  *     Error *err = NULL;
63  *     foo(arg, &err);
64  *     if (err) {
65  *         handle the error...
66  *     }
67  *
68  * Call a function ignoring errors:
69  *     foo(arg, NULL);
70  *
71  * Call a function aborting on errors:
72  *     foo(arg, &error_abort);
73  *
74  * Call a function treating errors as fatal:
75  *     foo(arg, &error_fatal);
76  *
77  * Receive an error and pass it on to the caller:
78  *     Error *err = NULL;
79  *     foo(arg, &err);
80  *     if (err) {
81  *         handle the error...
82  *         error_propagate(errp, err);
83  *     }
84  * where Error **errp is a parameter, by convention the last one.
85  *
86  * Do *not* "optimize" this to
87  *     foo(arg, errp);
88  *     if (*errp) { // WRONG!
89  *         handle the error...
90  *     }
91  * because errp may be NULL!
92  *
93  * But when all you do with the error is pass it on, please use
94  *     foo(arg, errp);
95  * for readability.
96  *
97  * Receive and accumulate multiple errors (first one wins):
98  *     Error *err = NULL, *local_err = NULL;
99  *     foo(arg, &err);
100  *     bar(arg, &local_err);
101  *     error_propagate(&err, local_err);
102  *     if (err) {
103  *         handle the error...
104  *     }
105  *
106  * Do *not* "optimize" this to
107  *     foo(arg, &err);
108  *     bar(arg, &err); // WRONG!
109  *     if (err) {
110  *         handle the error...
111  *     }
112  * because this may pass a non-null err to bar().
113  */
114 
115 #ifndef ERROR_H
116 #define ERROR_H
117 
118 #include "qapi-types.h"
119 
120 /*
121  * Overall category of an error.
122  * Based on the qapi type QapiErrorClass, but reproduced here for nicer
123  * enum names.
124  */
125 typedef enum ErrorClass {
126     ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_GENERICERROR,
127     ERROR_CLASS_COMMAND_NOT_FOUND = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_COMMANDNOTFOUND,
128     ERROR_CLASS_DEVICE_NOT_ACTIVE = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_DEVICENOTACTIVE,
129     ERROR_CLASS_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_DEVICENOTFOUND,
130     ERROR_CLASS_KVM_MISSING_CAP = QAPI_ERROR_CLASS_KVMMISSINGCAP,
131 } ErrorClass;
132 
133 /*
134  * Get @err's human-readable error message.
135  */
136 const char *error_get_pretty(const Error *err);
137 
138 /*
139  * Get @err's error class.
140  * Note: use of error classes other than ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR is
141  * strongly discouraged.
142  */
143 ErrorClass error_get_class(const Error *err);
144 
145 /*
146  * Create a new error object and assign it to *@errp.
147  * If @errp is NULL, the error is ignored.  Don't bother creating one
148  * then.
149  * If @errp is &error_abort, print a suitable message and abort().
150  * If @errp is &error_fatal, print a suitable message and exit(1).
151  * If @errp is anything else, *@errp must be NULL.
152  * The new error's class is ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR, and its
153  * human-readable error message is made from printf-style @fmt, ...
154  * The resulting message should be a single phrase, with no newline or
155  * trailing punctuation.
156  * Please don't error_setg(&error_fatal, ...), use error_report() and
157  * exit(), because that's more obvious.
158  * Likewise, don't error_setg(&error_abort, ...), use assert().
159  */
160 #define error_setg(errp, fmt, ...)                              \
161     error_setg_internal((errp), __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__,   \
162                         (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
163 void error_setg_internal(Error **errp,
164                          const char *src, int line, const char *func,
165                          const char *fmt, ...)
166     GCC_FMT_ATTR(5, 6);
167 
168 /*
169  * Just like error_setg(), with @os_error info added to the message.
170  * If @os_error is non-zero, ": " + strerror(os_error) is appended to
171  * the human-readable error message.
172  *
173  * The value of errno (which usually can get clobbered by almost any
174  * function call) will be preserved.
175  */
176 #define error_setg_errno(errp, os_error, fmt, ...)                      \
177     error_setg_errno_internal((errp), __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__,     \
178                               (os_error), (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
179 void error_setg_errno_internal(Error **errp,
180                                const char *fname, int line, const char *func,
181                                int os_error, const char *fmt, ...)
182     GCC_FMT_ATTR(6, 7);
183 
184 #ifdef _WIN32
185 /*
186  * Just like error_setg(), with @win32_error info added to the message.
187  * If @win32_error is non-zero, ": " + g_win32_error_message(win32_err)
188  * is appended to the human-readable error message.
189  */
190 #define error_setg_win32(errp, win32_err, fmt, ...)                     \
191     error_setg_win32_internal((errp), __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__,     \
192                               (win32_err), (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
193 void error_setg_win32_internal(Error **errp,
194                                const char *src, int line, const char *func,
195                                int win32_err, const char *fmt, ...)
196     GCC_FMT_ATTR(6, 7);
197 #endif
198 
199 /*
200  * Propagate error object (if any) from @local_err to @dst_errp.
201  * If @local_err is NULL, do nothing (because there's nothing to
202  * propagate).
203  * Else, if @dst_errp is NULL, errors are being ignored.  Free the
204  * error object.
205  * Else, if @dst_errp is &error_abort, print a suitable message and
206  * abort().
207  * Else, if @dst_errp is &error_fatal, print a suitable message and
208  * exit(1).
209  * Else, if @dst_errp already contains an error, ignore this one: free
210  * the error object.
211  * Else, move the error object from @local_err to *@dst_errp.
212  * On return, @local_err is invalid.
213  * Please don't error_propagate(&error_fatal, ...), use
214  * error_report_err() and exit(), because that's more obvious.
215  */
216 void error_propagate(Error **dst_errp, Error *local_err);
217 
218 /*
219  * Prepend some text to @errp's human-readable error message.
220  * The text is made by formatting @fmt, @ap like vprintf().
221  */
222 void error_vprepend(Error **errp, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
223 
224 /*
225  * Prepend some text to @errp's human-readable error message.
226  * The text is made by formatting @fmt, ... like printf().
227  */
228 void error_prepend(Error **errp, const char *fmt, ...)
229     GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3);
230 
231 /*
232  * Append a printf-style human-readable explanation to an existing error.
233  * @errp may be NULL, but not &error_fatal or &error_abort.
234  * Trivially the case if you call it only after error_setg() or
235  * error_propagate().
236  * May be called multiple times.  The resulting hint should end with a
237  * newline.
238  */
239 void error_append_hint(Error **errp, const char *fmt, ...)
240     GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3);
241 
242 /*
243  * Convenience function to report open() failure.
244  */
245 #define error_setg_file_open(errp, os_errno, filename)                  \
246     error_setg_file_open_internal((errp), __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__, \
247                                   (os_errno), (filename))
248 void error_setg_file_open_internal(Error **errp,
249                                    const char *src, int line, const char *func,
250                                    int os_errno, const char *filename);
251 
252 /*
253  * Return an exact copy of @err.
254  */
255 Error *error_copy(const Error *err);
256 
257 /*
258  * Free @err.
259  * @err may be NULL.
260  */
261 void error_free(Error *err);
262 
263 /*
264  * Convenience function to assert that *@errp is set, then silently free it.
265  */
266 void error_free_or_abort(Error **errp);
267 
268 /*
269  * Convenience function to warn_report() and free @err.
270  */
271 void warn_report_err(Error *err);
272 
273 /*
274  * Convenience function to error_report() and free @err.
275  */
276 void error_report_err(Error *err);
277 
278 /*
279  * Convenience function to error_prepend(), warn_report() and free @err.
280  */
281 void warn_reportf_err(Error *err, const char *fmt, ...)
282     GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3);
283 
284 /*
285  * Convenience function to error_prepend(), error_report() and free @err.
286  */
287 void error_reportf_err(Error *err, const char *fmt, ...)
288     GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3);
289 
290 /*
291  * Just like error_setg(), except you get to specify the error class.
292  * Note: use of error classes other than ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR is
293  * strongly discouraged.
294  */
295 #define error_set(errp, err_class, fmt, ...)                    \
296     error_set_internal((errp), __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__,    \
297                        (err_class), (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
298 void error_set_internal(Error **errp,
299                         const char *src, int line, const char *func,
300                         ErrorClass err_class, const char *fmt, ...)
301     GCC_FMT_ATTR(6, 7);
302 
303 /*
304  * Special error destination to abort on error.
305  * See error_setg() and error_propagate() for details.
306  */
307 extern Error *error_abort;
308 
309 /*
310  * Special error destination to exit(1) on error.
311  * See error_setg() and error_propagate() for details.
312  */
313 extern Error *error_fatal;
314 
315 #endif
316